Margaret_Laurence
The Loons 主要人物分析
Character II
A violent and talkative girl
① Appearance and manner: • …, so stolidand expressionless before, was animated now with
a gaiety that was almost violent. • She laughed and talked very loudly … ② Events • She saw me, and walked over. • “All the old bitches an’ biddies in this town will sure be surprised. I’m getting’ married this
The Character Analysis of
Piquette in The Loons
The background
Author: Margaret Laurence
• One of the major contemporary Canadian writers
Social:
• A big mosaic of multi-nationalities, multireligions and multi-cultures
• In the 1960s and ‘80s, a lot of good literature works about the female psychology and the living space of the minority were created.
Character I
A stolid and humble girl
Character woman
2011-2012-英文专业高级英语大三上-期末复习材料
2011-2012-英文专业高级英语大三上-期末复习材料Final ReviewThe Loons:About the author:Margaret Laurence is one of the major contemporary Canadian writers. She was born in Neepawa, Manitoba, and was educated at the University of Manitoba. After marrying an engineer, she moved with her husband to Africa and lived there for a number of years. She began her literary career in 1954 by editing A Tree of Poverty, a collection of Somali poetry and prose. Margaret Laurence’s imaginative dealing with African life established her reputation as a writer before she began to publish fiction with a Canadian background. Margaret Laurence won the Governor General’s Award for fiction for both A Jest of God and The Diviners and has been the recipient of honorary degrees from half a dozen Canadian universities.Her publications include This Side of Jordan(1960), The Stone Angel(1964), A Jest of God(1966), The First Dwellers(1969), and The Diviners(1974).About the Loons:“The Loons” (1970) is included in the Norton Anthology of Short Fiction, 2nd Edition, 1981. This touching story tells of the plight of Piquette Tonnerre, a girl from a native Indian Family. Her people were marginalized by thehighlighted by the author in her works. The most prominent feature of this novel is its symbolism,namely the parallel of the loons and Piquette.The article gives a tentative interpretation of the symbolism between the loons and the heroine piquette from three aspects:the environment,temperament and destiny.II. Paraphrase1. with a face that seemed totally unfamiliar with laughter who looked deadly serious, never laughed2. Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get mixed up in a Saturday-night brawl.Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get involved in a rough, noisy quarrel or fight on a Saturday night.3. her attendance had always been sporadic and her interest in schoolwork negligible.She often missed her classes and had little interest in school.4. she existed for me only as a vaguely embarrassing presence.I only knew her as a person who would make other people feel ill at ease.5. She dwelt and moved somewhere within my scope of vision.She lived and moved somewhere within my range of sight. (Although I saw her, I paid little attention to her.)6. If it came to a choice between Grandmother Macleod and Piquette, Piquette would win with hands down, nits or not. If my mother had to make a choice between Grandma Macleod and Piquette, she would certainly choose the latter without hesitation, no matter whether the latter had nits or not.7. Her defiant face, momentarily, became unguarded and unmasked, and in her eyes there was a terrifying hope. Normally, she was a defensive person, and her face was guarded as if it was wearing a mask. But when she was saying this, there was an expression of challenge on her face, which, for a brief moment, became unguarded and unmasked. And in her eyes there was a kind of hope which was so intense that it filled people with terror.8. She looked a mess, to tell you the truth, a real slattern, dressed any old how.She looked a mess, to tell you the truth; she was a dirty, untidy woman, dressed in a very careless way.9. She was up in court a couple of times—drunk and disorderly, of course.She was brought in court several times, because she wasdrunk and disorderly as one could expect.10. My mother brightened visiblyOne could see clearly that my mother became very happy, gladdened.11. the water glistening … caught itthe water shining and sparking with a green light as the sun reflected on it12. Wounded, I stamped away.My feelings hurt, I walked away angrily, with loud heavy steps.13. My acquaintance … not extensive.I don’t know many Indians.14. a daughter of the foresta girl who was born and reared in the forest, who knoweverything about and felt at home with the forest15. prophetess of the wildsfemale prophets; women who knew all the secrets of the wilds, who could predict future events concerning the wilds. The wilds: wilderness, nature16. thrashing my arms … I never grew co ld.flinging my arms and legs so fast and so violently and energetically that I didn’t feel cold at all.17. If you mean … you hear?If you mean the place where my father and I and theother people live, you’d better shut up.18. Neither of us suspe cted … listening.Neither of us guessed that this would be the last time we would ever sit there together on the shore, listening.19. Piquette and I remained … one another.Piquette and I failed to improve our relationship and continued to feel unc omfortable in each other’s company for the rest of the summer.20. I could not reach Piquette at all.I could not understand, impress or make Piquetterespond to my suggestions.21. She remained both a reproach and a mystery to me.I blamed myself (for being unable to make Piquette’sresponse warmer) and at the same time found her mysterious.22. I saw nothing … and my mother’s.I was so deeply absorbed and engrossed in my pain andmy mother’s that I did not notice what was going on around me.23. When I looked outwardly.When I emerged from my personal misfortune and began to look toward the outside world again.24. The jukebox was booming … thunder.The jukebox was making resonant sounds like thunders,the only difference being the jukebox’s sound having a tune.25. its chrome and rainbow glass.The jukebox is made of chrome and glass with rainbow colors.26. was animated now with a gaiety that was almost violent.Her face was made lively and spirited by a kind of gaiety that was extremely intense and almost uncontrollable. 27. her hair was … frizzily permed.Her hair had a permanent wave with small tight curls.28. her features were still heavy and blunt.Her features were still coarse and plain.29. her skin-tight skirt … slender body.Her tight-fitting skirt and sweater in orange color displayed a soft and slender body in an effect good enough to be envied.30. It’s just about the on’y thing … fun.This small and unimportant town is very dull, and the only thing that is interesting is dancing.31. Boy, you couldn’t catch me stayin’ here.You couldn’t by any chance find me staying in this small place,32. I don’t give a shit about this place.I don’t care at all about this place.33. All the old bitches an’ b iddies.all the old malicious, bad-tempered, gossiping women 34. For the merest instant, then I saw her.For the briefest moment, I saw her as what she really was without her usualpretence.35. As I mouthed the conventional phrases.As I said those conventional phrases of congratulations in an affected and insincere manner.36. The one store had become several dozen.There had been only one store in the past, but now there were several dozen stores.37. who had heard the crying of the loonswho had truly understood the meaning and emotion conveyed in the crying of the loons.38. would hit out at whoever was nearestwould aim a blow at (try to hit) anybody who happened to be nearest39. failed several gradesfailed in schoolwork and had to repeat the same grade for several times40. What about Roddie and Vanessa?What will happen to our children Roddie and Vanessa if we have her with us for the summer?41. I’ll bet anythingI am absolutely sure42. her mauve-veined handsher hands with visible pale purple veins43 .I had trouble in stifling my urge to laughI could hardly suppress my urge to laugh.44. we all piled into…we all crowded into…45. he had to get back to his practiceHe had to go back to his work as a doctor46. the filigree of spruce treesspruce trees grown in a pattern like a filigree, which is a delicate, lacelike ornamental work of intertwined wire of gold, silver, etc.47. a little more bleached and fissuredbecame more colorless and had more cracks48. how well the place had winteredAfter the winter the place still remained in a good shape.49. Her long hair hung black and straight…Her hair, which was long, black and straight, hung around her shoulders.( Black and straight hair shows Piquette was a girl of Indian background. So does her broad, coarse-featured face.)50. as though she no longer dwelt within her own skullas though she had gone elsewhere/ as though her mind had gone out of her body51. with a sudden flash of scornwith a sudden display of scorn52. Unlikely as it may seemAlthough this may seem impossible53. I set about gaining…I started trying to win54. So what?Why is that so important? Why should I care?55. I ain’t supposed to do no more walking.(informal spoken English) I am not supposed to do more walking than necessary reach.56. Who gives a good goddamn?(slang)Who cares?57. As an Indian, Piquette was a dead lossIf a person wished to get any information about the Indians and their way of life, going to Piquette for it was completely useless.58. a steak of ambera long line of a brownish-yellow translucent color59. the lake was “path of the moon”a line of moonlight reflected on the lake60. branches blackly sharp against the skyThe branches looked black and clear with the sky as the background61. ululating soundloud sound of wailing, lamenting62. failed my fatherdisappointed my father’s hope that we should enjoy each other’s company, become friends.63. a sore pointa point that is provocative of irritation or disagreeable feelings64.thought otherwisethought differently65.you wanna know somethingYou want to know something? Let me tell you something.66.to look the other wayto avoid the real issue67.the self-pity in her voiceBy stating that Vanessa’s father was the only person that had ever done anything good to her, Piquette was saying that almost everybody treated her badly.68.Gee, is he ever handsomeHe is certainly handsome.69.some handlea special name70. a teal slattern, dressed any old howa dirty, untidy woman, dressed in a very careless way71.Perha ps they had been… they lived or notWe are wondering whether she died accidentally or simply because she ceased to care if she lived or not. III. Translation1.我们骑车去香山好吗？What about cycling to the Fragrant Hills?2.只有在妈妈去世之后，女儿才意识到自己开始更了解母亲了。
族裔女性的生存困境及其多重抗争_剖析_潜水鸟_中皮格特一角_王旭霞
第20卷 第10期 牡丹江大学学报 Vol.20 No.10 2011年10月 Journal of Mudanjiang University Oct. 201155文章编号：1008-8717（2011）10-0055-03族裔女性的生存困境及其多重抗争——剖析《潜水鸟》中皮格特一角王 旭 霞（南京林业大学外国语学院，江苏 南京 210037）摘 要：加拿大著名作家玛格丽特·劳伦斯极其关注生活在加拿大的少数族裔女性的生存境况。
其代表作《潜水鸟》讲述了印第安女孩皮格特·坦纳瑞短暂而悲惨的人生故事。
本文旨在从社会大环境和家庭小环境两方面入手深刻剖析皮格特的生存困境以及她为改变生存困境所做的多重抗争，最终指出皮格特这一角色揭示的主旨，从而深入挖掘该短篇小说的主题。
关键词：皮格特；生存困境；抗争；族裔女性 中图分类号：I106 文献标识码：A族裔人群的生存状态是加拿大文学关注的重要主题之一。
加拿大著名女作家玛格丽特·劳伦斯（Margaret Laurence）的作品常常表现在加拿大多种族共存、多元文化的大环境之下，少数族裔人群的生存状态，尤其是少数族裔女性的生存境况。
她的著名短篇小说《潜水鸟》（The Loons，1970）就是以20世纪六七十年代加拿大国内日趋激烈的种族、地区和性别矛盾为大背景，以讲述印第安部落梅蒂斯（Métis ）女孩皮格特·坦纳瑞的悲惨一生为主线，反映了梅蒂斯人如同濒临灭绝的潜水鸟一样悲惨的命运，并由此展现她对族裔人群的特别关注以及她对和谐的人际关系与和谐的人与自然的关系的热望。
笔者尝试从社会大环境和家庭小环境两方面入手剖析玛格丽特·劳伦斯笔下的印第安女孩皮格特的生存困境以及她为改变生存困境所做的多重抗争，以此来分析作家投射在皮格特身上关于族裔、身份以及人与自然的关系的思想，从而更深刻地挖掘该短篇小说的主题。
一、皮格特的生存困境1．严苛的社会大环境——种族压迫1867年，加拿大联邦成立后，联邦政府推行同化与镇压相结合的民族政策，极力压制和否认土著民族的自治权利，这使得加拿大土著居民生活极度贫困，同时也造成了白人和土著居民之间的矛盾。
高级英语第三版第二册第九课 The Loons
Looห้องสมุดไป่ตู้s
• A distinctive Canadian bird, the bird of the lakes. • Loons are excellent swimmers, using their feet to propel them
• “But Ewen- what about Roddie and Vanessa?” (para 8) : But have you thought about our children Roddie and Vanessa? What will happen to them if we have her with us for the summer? The mother was afraid that the tuberculosis might spread to her
• flare up: (of an illness) recur or show sudden burst of light．anger or violence He flares up at the slightest provocation．稍微一激他，他就 大发脾气。 My back trouble has flared up again．我的后背又疼起来了。
• When she saw me approaching, her hand…without speaking. (para 23)
Piquette used her hand to squash flat the sand castle she had been Building because she didn’t like Vanessa to come near.
加拿大著名女作家玛格利特·劳伦斯 生平简介
加拿大著名女作家玛格利特·劳伦斯(Margaret Laurence)的详细介绍作者：石轩Margaret Laurence's life began on July 18, 1926 in the prairie [prai.rie]town of Neepawa, Manitoba. Born (原名）Jean Margaret Wemyss.[wi:mz] Laurence suffered the loss of her parents at a very young age. Her mother, Verna Simpson Wemyss, died in 1930 when Margaret was only four years old; her father Robert Wemyss, who later married Verna's sister, passed away only five years after the death of his first wife. Raised from then on by her aunt/stepmother, a teacher and librarian, and her maternal grandfather. Laurence's love of literature and of writing flourished with her aunt's encouragement and guidance.Having begun to write in the second grade, Laurence decided early in life to become a writer. She began writing professionally in 1943 when she got a summer job as a reporter for the town newspaper and in 1944 she enrolled in the Honours English program at Winnipeg's United College (known today as the University of Winnipeg). There, she began to publish her stories and poems in V ox, the United College newspaper of which she later became assistant editor. In 1947, after graduating with her BA from United College, Laurence went on to become a reporter for the Winnipeg Citizen. Later that same year, she married Jack Laurence, a civil engineer.In 1949, Margaret Laurence and her husband left for England and then, a year later, they moved to the British Protectorate of Somalia (known today as Somalia). They lived in Africa until 1957, spending the last five years of their stay in the Gold Coast (known today as Ghana). This time away from Canada marked a tremendously important period in Margaret Laurence's life. Not only were her two children born during this time, but it was also in Africa that Laurence began to work seriously on writing fiction. While her initial 最初focus was on preparing an essay about and translations of Somali verse and prose, published in 1954 under the title A Tree for Poverty, she also wrote a number of short stories on African subjects (stories which were later compiled in 1963's The Tomorrow Tamer) and began work on her "African novel" This Side Jordan (1960). Although soon after returning to Canada she began to focus her creative efforts on writing about her own country, Laurence still maintained a great interest in African literature, culminating in her 1968 critical study of Nigerian literature, Long Drums and Cannons: Nigerian Dramatists and Novelists 1952-1966.Returning home in 1957, the Laurences settled in Vancouver where they remained for five years. There, Margaret finished This Side Jordan for which, after its publication in 1960, she received the Beta Sigma Phi award for the best first novel by a Canadian writer. It was also in Vancouver that Laurence began to write her first novel with a Canadian subject. Completed and published in 1964, The Stone Ange l was the first in Laurence's famous series of novels set in the fictional Manitoba town of Manawaka. Despite having "come home" in her subject matter, however, it was not long after beginning The Stone Angel that Laurence left Canada once more. After separating from her husband in 1962, she moved with her two children to England, where she settled first in London for a year and then at Elm Cottage in Buckinghamshire where they would reside for most of the next decade. It was at Elm Cottage that Laurence completed four of her five Manawaka books: The Stone Angel (1964), A Jest of God (1966), The Fire-Dwellers (1969), and A Bird in the House (1970). In 1966, A Jest of God won Laurence her first Governor General's Award for fiction and was soon adapted into a movie entitled Rachel, Rachel. The great critical acclaim andcommercial success of the first four Manawaka novels as well as her consistent output of essays and articles solidly established Margaret Laurence as one of the most important and beloved literary figures in Canada. By 1971, less than ten years after having left Canada for the second time, Laurence received the honour of being named a Companion of the Order of Canada.In the early 1970s, Margaret Laurence returned to Canada for good, eventually making her home in Lakefield, Ontario. Over the following several years, she continued to write but also took up writer-in-residence positions at the University of Toronto, the University of Western Ontario, and at Trent University. Working during the summers at her "Manawaka Cottage" on the Otonobee River in Southern Ontario, Laurence completed The Diviners (1974), her final novel and the fifth book in the Manawaka series. It was for The Diviners that Laurence received her second Governor General's Award and in the following year she was awarded with the prestigious Molson Prize. While she did not write any more novels, Margaret Laurence went on to write a book of essays entitled Heart of a Stranger (1976), her posthumously published memoirs Dance on the Earth (1987), and, continuing what she had begun in 1970 with Jason's Quest, three books for children: The Olden Days Coat (1979), Six Darn Cows (1979), and The Christmas Birthday Story (1980). Laurence also maintained her connection with the university community and served as chancellor of Trent University from 1981 to 1983. VDuring the last decade of her life, Margaret Laurence was actively involved in speaking and writing about issues that concerned her such as nuclear disarmament, the environment, literacy, and other social issues. Today, that work continues through organizations like the Margaret Laurence Fund and honours like The Margaret Laurence Award for Excellence which continue to support such worthy causes in her name. Margaret Laurence died on January 5, 1987 and her ashes were interred at the Riverside Cemetery in Neepawa, Manitoba。
潜鸟
About the article
• The touching story tells of the plight of Piq uette Tonnerre, a girl from a native Indian F amily. Her people were marginalized by the white-dominating society. They were unabl e to exist independently in a respectable, de cent and dignified way. They found it impo ssible to fit into the main currents of culture and difficult to be assimilated comfortably.
4
It focuses on the theme of conflicts and assimilation between different races and cultures in terms of cultural politics, and shows the equal and free idea of “multiculturalism” which has been highlighted by the author in her works. It demonstrates that Margaret Laurence does not confine herself to her own emotions and pursuits and she is full of the broad sense of historical mission and the times. She shows the readers the world, plain but of great significance.
名篇赏析 5-8
03 Equality and greatness 平等与伟大Between persons of equal income there is no social distinction except the distinction of merit. Money is nothing: character, conduct, and capacity are everything. Instead of all the workers being leveled down to low wage standards and all the rich leveled up to fashionable income standards, everybody under a system of equal incomes would find her or his own natural level. There would be great people and ordinary people and little people, but the great would always be those who had done great things, and never the idiot whose mothers had spoiled them and whose fathers had left a hundred thousand a year; and the little would be persons of small minds and mean characters, and not poor persons who had never had a chance. That is why idiots are always in favour of inequality of income (their only chance of eminence), and the really great in favour of equality.By George Bernard Shaw注释distinction[dis´tiŋkʃən]: the condition or fact of being dissimilar or distinct;difference 区别，差别merit[´merit]: 功绩，荣誉，价值eminence[´eminəns]: a position of great distinction or superiority卓越作者简介George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) was an Irish-born playwright, pamphleteer and music and theater critic. Shaw was a ruthless social critic and irreverent toward institutions. By forging a drama that combined moral passion and intellectual conflict and experimenting with symbolic farce, Shaw helped to reshape the stage of his time and to mold the thought of his own and later generations. His play The Devil’s Disciple became a success in the United States, and Shaw’s next work, Man and Superman (1903) helped establish Shaw’s reputation in London.Among the plays that followed was Saint Joan (1923), for which Shaw received the 1925 Nobel Prize in literature. 萧伯纳，英国戏剧家，1856年7月26日生于爱尔兰都柏林。
加拿大白人作家劳伦斯和阿特伍德作品中对土著形象的刻画
加拿大白人作家劳伦斯和阿特伍德作品中对土著形象的刻画作者：丁杰马小骥来源：《校园英语·下旬》2014年第11期【摘要】加拿大是典型的移民国家，其文化的多元性被形象的称为“文化马赛克”。
土著居民是加拿大的少数群体，在欧洲移民和殖民过程中被边缘化，处境不利，易受伤害。
本文以加拿大白人女作家劳伦斯和阿特伍德的作品为例，通过分析作品中土著人物形象及折射和反映其生存困境，分析两位作家截然不同的民族主义立场。
【关键词】“文化马赛克” 土著居民边缘化民族主义立场一、加拿大土著文化加拿大是一个多元文化的移民国家，曾先后被法国和英国占领。
1867年，脱离英属北美殖民而建立加拿大联邦，但与英国的自治领关系并未真正解除。
直到1982年，英国国会通过了加拿大国会颁布的新宪法，废除了旧宪法，加拿大才事实上从英国独立。
加拿大的国民大多是英国移民后裔。
只有总人口的4%，约100万人为土著居民。
土著居民包括美洲印第安人（“原住民”或“第一居民”）因纽特人和梅蒂斯人。
他们是加拿大的少数群体，在欧洲移民和殖民过程中被边缘化，物质和文化生活极为贫乏，遭受不公正的待遇，各种权益难以保障。
二、作者劳伦斯和阿特伍德介绍玛格丽特·劳伦斯（Margaret Laurence，1926—1987）是20世纪六七十年代加拿大文学复兴时期举足轻重的作家之一，曾被称为加拿大最成功的小说家，一生著作甚丰，作品包括小说、杂文和儿童故事。
劳伦斯创作的五部“玛纳瓦卡”系列小说《石头天使》、《上帝的玩笑》、《关在屋中的鸟》、《住在火里的人》、《占卜者》为她赢得了世界性的声誉。
“玛纳瓦卡”系列小说中，劳伦斯以她虚构的加拿大西部草原小镇玛纳瓦卡为创作背景，各小说间通过场景和人物建立联系，相互照应。
劳伦斯在“玛纳瓦卡”系列小说中，塑造了一系列探求自我价值和生存意义的女性形象，是向以男性视角为中心的文学传统发出的挑战。
在作品中也刻画了土著人物形象，如作品《潜水鸟》中的梅蒂斯人皮格特和《占卜者》梅蒂斯人朱尔斯，表现了玛格丽特·劳伦斯的民族情怀。
劳伦斯短篇小说《潜水鸟》的象征意义解读
劳伦斯短篇小说《潜水鸟》的象征意义解读作者：刘永杰来源：《青年文学家》2015年第20期摘 ;要：《潜水鸟》是加拿大女作家玛格丽特·劳伦斯的著名短篇小说。
小说虽然篇幅不长，但寓意深远，一大艺术特色是象征手法的运用，这也正是解读这一短篇小说的关键。
本文着重探讨潜水鸟和主人公的环境的象征意义，以期帮助读者深入理解作品揭示的边缘生存这一主题。
关键词：玛格丽特·劳伦斯;《潜水鸟》;象征作者简介：刘永杰（1988-），男，北京人，首都师范大学外国语学院英文系研究生，助教，研究方向为翻译理论与实践。
[中图分类号]：I106 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139（2015）-20-0-011. 引言玛格丽特·劳伦斯（Margaret Laurence）是加拿大著名女作家。
劳伦斯早年曾在非洲生活过一段时间，她深刻地体会到生活在殖民地、受殖民主义压迫的社会底层群体所处的悲惨境地。
早期的这段经历与劳伦斯作品中对于处在社会和文化边缘的弱势群体的关注有着密不可分的联系。
其代表作《潜水鸟》（“The Loons”）从一位白人女孩瓦妮莎（Vanessa）的视角，描写了一位名叫皮格特·坦纳瑞（Piquette Tonnerre）的梅蒂族（Métis）姑娘在以白人文化为主流文化的社会边缘苦苦挣扎，最终不仅没能融入主流文化，还在一场大火中丧命的悲惨命运。
短篇小说《潜水鸟》的一大艺术特色是文中象征手法的运用。
象征（symbol）是指借用某种具体形象或事物来表现某些抽象意义。
“潜水鸟”这一意象是贯穿全文的一条线索，与文中对主要人物的描写遥相呼应。
作者借潜水鸟的消亡预示自然的破坏和土著居民不可避免的悲惨命运，同时也体现了小说的创作目的，即“民族、种族、地区、性别和世代之间的差异必须得到尊重”（朱永涛 235）。
本文着重探讨潜水鸟和环境的象征意义，以期帮助读者深入理解作品揭示的边缘生存这一主题。
悲惨的命运无声的抗争——《潜水鸟》的艺术手法分析
悲惨的命运无声的抗争——《潜水鸟》的艺术手法分析［摘要］解读加拿大当代知名女作家玛格丽特·劳伦斯的小说《潜水鸟》，就第一人称视角构建故事情节，鲜明的性格和意味深长的象征等艺术手法进行探讨，从文化的角度，揭示了小说主题。
［关键词］玛格丽特·劳伦斯；《潜水鸟》；艺术手法分析一、引言玛格丽特·劳伦斯（Margaret Laurence）是当代加拿大知名女作家。
1969年她在《加拿大文学》上撰文说：在《石头天使》以前的作品中，她最关心的是人类的自由，之后她的创作重点变为“人类的生存”。
她的短篇小说《潜水鸟》（The Loons）1970年问世，这部作品时代背景是十九世纪末期，梅蒂人反对联邦政府接管他们居住的红河地区，为保护他们的家园和争取生存权利，梅蒂人举行起义，但被镇压，因此受到社会歧视。
文中刻画了一位梅蒂族姑娘皮格特的形象。
她在以白人为主流文化的社会边缘苦苦挣扎，企图改变自己的命运，渴望立足之地，但最终命运凄惨，令人唏嘘不已，反映了梅蒂人如同濒临灭绝的潜水鸟一样凄惨的命运。
这篇小说也反映了一个强有力的主题思想，民族、种族之间的差异必须得到尊重，充分表明作者不愧是重视“多元文化”的当代作家中的代表人物。
二、艺术手法分析这篇小说视角独特，人物刻画细腻，具有很高的艺术价值。
本文从人物视角、性格塑造和象征意蕴三个方面分析小说的艺术特色。
（一）第一人称视角构建了故事情节小说采用第一人称的叙事手法，通过“我”(一个白人医生的女儿)首先展现了皮格特一家破败的生存环境。
皮格特是我的同学，比我大两岁。
她身患疾病，经常旷课，因此成绩不佳，已经留级好几次了。
她不大讨人喜欢，穿着言行令人生厌，是一个另类的人物。
因为父亲是她的医生，出于仁爱之心，父亲主张带上她和全家一起到钻石湖度假。
我的家人纷纷对此发表意见，母亲心事重重地说“你得替孩子们着想，我敢打赌她头发里一定有虱子”，而祖母则说“要是那小妞也一起去钻石湖，我就不去了”。
以羊替牛读后感100字
以羊替牛读后感100字英文回答：Reflection on the Novel "The Lambs Go to Market"Margaret Laurence's masterpiece, "The Lambs Go to Market," is a powerful and moving novel that explores the complexities of identity, loss, and the search for meaningin a rapidly changing world. Set in the fictional town of Manawaka, Manitoba, the novel follows the lives of three generations of women: Ella, Constance, and Stacey MacAindra. Through their experiences, Laurence illuminates thestruggles faced by women in a patriarchal society, the tension between tradition and modernity, and the lasting impact of trauma.Laurence's writing is both lyrical and incisive, capturing the nuances of human emotion and the complexities of the human condition. Her characters are deeply flawedand relatable, their triumphs and failures reflecting thechallenges of navigating life in a world that is often unkind and unforgiving. The novel's themes resonate with readers on a profound level, offering insights into the human psyche and the search for meaning in an often chaotic and unpredictable world.The title of the novel, "The Lambs Go to Market," is evocative and symbolic, hinting at the innocence and vulnerability of young women as they enter adulthood. It also suggests the commodification of women in a societythat values them primarily for their reproductive potential and domestic skills. Through the experiences of Ella, Constance, and Stacey, Laurence explores the ways in which women are objectified and marginalized, even within their own families.One of the most striking aspects of the novel is its portrayal of the generational trauma experienced by the MacAindra women. Ella's childhood is marked by violence and abuse, which leaves a lasting scar on her psyche. As a result, she is unable to form healthy relationships and struggles to find her place in the world. Constance, Ella'sdaughter, is haunted by her mother's experiences and grapples with her own feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt. Stacey, Constance's daughter, is more resilient than her mother and grandmother, but she is still affected by the legacy of trauma that has been passed down through her family.Laurence masterfully weaves together the personal andthe political, exploring the ways in which history, culture, and society shape individual lives. The novel is atestament to the resilience of women and their ability to overcome adversity. It is also a powerful indictment of a society that often fails to protect and support its most vulnerable members.In conclusion, "The Lambs Go to Market" is a brilliant and unforgettable novel that deserves a place among the classics of Canadian literature. Laurence's writing is both beautiful and thought-provoking, her characters are complex and relatable, and her themes are timeless and universal. The novel is a must-read for anyone interested in exploring the complexities of human nature, the search for meaning,and the impact of history and culture on our lives.中文回答：读《羔羊去市场》有感。
高英the loons
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Manawaka is a fictional town in the Canadian province of Manitoba, (
马尼托巴省：加拿大中南部的一个省)frequently used as a setting in novels and short stories by Margaret Laurence. The town was based on Laurence's real-life hometown of Neepawa,尼帕瓦 and should not be confused with the real-life town of Maniwaki, Quebec.
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Loon
Indian Culture
culture alienation
Culture Alienation
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托斯卡纳艳阳下经典语录
托斯卡纳艳阳下经典语录托斯卡纳是意大利的一个美丽的地区，以其壮丽的山脉、优美的乡村和丰富的文化遗产而闻名。
在这里，艳阳高照，大自然的美丽和人类的智慧相互交织，形成了一种独特的生活方式和文化传统。
以下是托斯卡纳艳阳下经典语录，它们展示了这个地区的精神和智慧。
1. “生活是一次旅行，而不是到达的目的地。
” —— Ralph Waldo Emerson这句话是说，生活本身就是一种体验，我们应该享受旅行的过程，而不是只关注目的地。
在托斯卡纳，这种态度非常重要。
在这里，人们往往会花费很多时间在餐桌上，与家人和朋友一起分享美食和美酒，享受生活的美好。
2. “人生就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道下一颗是什么味道。
” —— Forrest Gump这句话强调了生活的不确定性和变化性。
在托斯卡纳，人们往往会保持开放的心态，接受生活的挑战和机遇。
在这里，你可能会发现自己在一个山谷里，或者在一个美丽的小镇上，或者在一家传统的意大利餐馆里。
无论在哪里，你都可以享受美好的时光。
3. “有些人看到事情是它们本来的样子，而有些人则看到事情可能成为的样子。
” —— Albert Einstein这句话强调了创造力和想象力的重要性。
在托斯卡纳，人们往往会发挥自己的创造力，尝试新的事物，探索新的领域。
例如，他们可能会在自己的花园里种植新的蔬菜，或者学习新的手工艺技能，或者探索新的自然景观。
4. “最好的方式预测未来是创造它。
” —— Peter Drucker这句话强调了行动的重要性。
在托斯卡纳，人们往往会积极行动，实现自己的梦想和目标。
例如，他们可能会创办自己的小企业，或者建立自己的社区组织，或者参与社会活动和志愿者工作。
5. “生活中最重要的事情不是你所拥有的，而是你所经历的。
” —— Margaret Laurence这句话强调了经验的重要性。
在托斯卡纳，人们往往会注重经验的积累，尝试新的事物，探索新的领域。
例如，他们可能会参加文化活动，或者旅行到不同的地方，或者学习新的技能和知识。
The Loons潜鸟
就像作者曾经说过的，她的作品主要“表达实际上每个 人都知道，但又没有说出或表达不出来的东西”。因为作者 认为最动人的故事，不是听来的，看来的，而是亲身经历的， 于是作者采用了第一人称的叙事手法，通过“我”（一个苏 格兰医生的女儿瓦妮莎，实际是作者的化身）这个视点来写， 另一方面从主人公皮格特的角度来写。 小说表现了加拿大不同民族人民之间的同情、理解和友 谊，也表现了因文化差异而引起的误解和冲突。通过小说， 作者呼唤加拿大早日实现各民族、种族和文化间的真正的平 等、自由。
T he Loons
M 特· 劳伦斯
※2.潜鸟
※3.梅蒂族
※4.课文赏析
※5.写作特色
玛格丽特· 劳伦斯(1926—1987)
玛格丽特· 劳伦斯被誉为六十年代首屈一指的小说家，曾两 度荣获总督奖，一生著作甚丰，作品包括小说、杂文和儿童故事。 玛格丽特·劳伦斯婚前名叫琼·玛格丽特·威米斯，1926年出生 于加拿大曼尼托巴的草原小镇尼帕瓦，是苏格兰—爱尔兰后裔， 幼年双亲俱逝，后被姨妈收养。玛格丽特年纪很小便崭露写作的 天赋，中学时就有作品散见校报报端。她十八岁离开家乡到现在 的温尼伯格联合学院读书，毕业后受聘为《温尼伯格城市报》的 记者。1947年与水力工程师约翰·劳伦斯喜结连理，育有一子一 女。 1950年因约翰的工作需要，玛格丽特举家迁往英国，后至 索马里，1952年又搬迁到加纳，在那儿前后共生活了五年， 1957年后回到加拿大温哥华。
潜鸟
潜鸟是加拿大特有的鸟类，可以说是加拿大的国鸟。这从加 拿大钱币的图案就可以看得出来：20加元纸币的正面是英国女王 伊丽莎白二世，反面的图案为潜鸟；1加元硬币的一面是英国女 王的头像，另一面也是一只泅水的潜鸟，甚至被称为“潜鸟币”。 这种水禽看上去像是野鸭子，尖嘴、长颈、短尾，长年生活在内 陆江湖沼泽中，冬天则迁移到海边过冬。潜鸟食物主要是鱼、甲 壳类和昆虫，常在水边堆积植物作巢，每窝产卵2枚(罕3枚)，卵 有斑点，呈橄榄褐色。它的叫声很奇特，凄凉悲哀，如怨似诉， 并可传出数里之遥，有点令人毛骨悚然。加拿大人把它的啼声称 为“加拿大的声音”。潜鸟在很多名族中都起着重要作用：在美 国，它被称赞为“伟大的潜水员”；北美洲的齐珀威部族认为潜 鸟创造了世界；加拿大的土著部落认为潜鸟的叫声能带来雨水。 。
《石头天使》中的逃离主题浅析
《石头天使》中的逃离主题浅析作者：蔡奂刘珊来源：《文学教育·中旬版》2014年第05期[摘要] 加拿大女作家玛格丽特·劳伦斯在《石头天使》中以主人公哈格近一世纪的人生经历为透视镜，成功地塑造了与“家中的天使”形成鲜明对照的“石头天使”哈格。
哈格用自己的一生去追求自由和独立，逃离父权、夫权和子权的藩篱，逃离菲勒斯中心世界，不再甘于成为男权统治意识下的附属品和牺牲品，是一个时刻在探索女性生存意义的新女性。
[关键词] 《石头天使》；哈格；逃离；女性一、引言享有“加拿大文学之母”美誉的玛格丽特·劳伦斯（Margaret Laurence 1926-1987）是加拿大最负盛名的作家之一。
她一生留下了数量众多的小说、散文、游记等，并两次获得加拿大总督文学奖和无数其他荣誉。
其中，以虚拟西部城镇马纳瓦卡为背景的五部系列小说被视为她的最高成就，《石头天使》就是是其中的第一部。
在2007年，该小说被改编为电影《天使不流泪》使更多的读者和观众了解了该作品。
马纳瓦卡小镇并非“世外桃源”，而是一个处处呈现废墟，死气沉沉的小镇。
在这个小镇里，劳伦斯的每位女主人公都饱经风霜，但与此同时，她们执着地追求内心自由，在忍耐中成长。
《石头天使》中的女主人公哈格一生过着不守传统的生活：为了追求自己想要的独立和自由，她不惜与父亲反目，毅然离开丈夫和儿子。
小说展现了她叛逆的青春岁月，对自由的渴求，对幸福的拒绝以及最终的觉醒。
该小说双重情节交织：一个是小说开始前哈格生活中的故事；另一个是九十多岁高龄的哈格在弥留之际身体和精神上所面临的种种危机，最后在哈格生命即将结束时两个情节合二为一。
追忆和陈述就像电影中蒙太奇的拼贴画，不时地跳跃与穿插，形成了一个非常有序的叙事结构（史秀东，2001：22）。
在《石头天使》中劳伦斯塑造了独立坚强的女性人物形象，探讨了女性的牺牲、生存、成长和内心自由等问题。
二、逃离主题逃离意识在20世纪小说中随处可见。
theloons表现的各族人民之间的友好
theloons表现的各族人民之间的友好《潜鸟》“The Loons”（1970）是加拿大著名女作家玛格丽特·劳伦斯（Margaret Laurence）的代表作之一。
这部作品以十九世纪末梅蒂人（1）反对联邦政府接管他们居住的红河地区，为保护赖以生存的自然环境和争取生存权利举行起义，但很快被镇压，并因此受到社会的歧视为背景，讲述了梅蒂族姑娘皮格特的故事，反映梅蒂人如同濒临灭绝的潜鸟一样悲惨的命运。
小说表现了加拿大不同民族人民之间的同情、理解和友谊，也表现了因文化差异而引起的误解和冲突。
通过小说，作者呼唤加拿大早日实现各民族、种族和文化间的真正的平等、自由。
这篇小说构思新颖，人物刻画细腻，具有不俗的艺术欣赏价值。
本文拟从叙事风格、性格塑造、象征意蕴，以及语言特色等几个方面，分析作者通过小说所表达的思想和情感。
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Characters of works:
she depicts a group of women dedicated to exploring the meaning of existence and self-worth of women and challenges the male-centered literary traditional perspective.
According to the background of imaginary Manawaka（马纳瓦卡）in the western part of Canada
Her major works
works about Africa A Tree for Poverty 《贫穷树》 Travelogue: The prophet camel bell 《先知的驼铃》 First novel: This side jordon 《约旦河此岸》 Short Stories ：The tomorrow tamer 《驯服明天者》
Her major works
Series of Manawaka（马纳瓦卡）novels
The Loon《潜鸟》 The Stone Angle 《石头天使》 A Jest of God 《上帝的玩笑》 The fire dwellers 《火中人》 A bird in the house 《屋中的小鸟》 The Diviners 《占卜者》
The introduction of author
Personal life
Her major works Characters of her works Awards
Margaret Laurence
（1926-1987）
Personal life
尼帕瓦，马尼托巴
Personal life
In 1962, she moved to London for a year. She then moved to Elm Cottage (Penn, Buckinghamshire) where she lived for more than ten years. in 1969, she became writer in residence（在 职作家）at the University of Toronto. From 1981 to 1983, Laurence served as Chancellor of Trent University（川特大学） in Peterborough.
Life in Africa
Husband: Jack Laurence (an engineer) His job took them to England (1949), the then-British protectorate of British Somaliland (1950–1952), as well as the British colony of the Gold Coast (1952–1957). Laurence developed an admiration for Africa and of its various populations, which found expression in her writing.
Back to Canada
In 1952, Laurence gave birth to daughter Jocelyn during a leave in England. in 1955，her son David was born in the Gold Coast. in 1957，the family left the Gold Coast just before it gained independence as Ghana, and move to Vancouver（温哥华）where they stayed for five years.
Thank you
At the age of 4, her mother died and her father died of pneumonia（肺炎） when she was 9. She raised from then on by her aunt/stepmother. In 1944, she attended Winnipeg‘s United College . She wrote for the student newspaper and became involved with the “Old Left“(老左派：支 持共产主义的人） socialist reform group. in 1947, she graduated.
In 1986, Laurence was diagnosed with lung cancer. She committed suicide at her home on January 5, 1987.
Two periods of her writing life
According to her life experience in Africa
运用女性写作方式 ,刻画出一群执著探求存 在意义及自我价值的女性形象 ,并以此来挑 战以男性视角为中心的文学传统。
Байду номын сангаас
Awards
two Governor General’s Awards（总督 奖） for her novels A Jest of God (1966) and The Diviners (1974).