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diesel 翻译

diesel 翻译diesel是一个英文单词，可以指代多个不同的意思和用法。

下面是关于diesel的详细翻译和用法说明：1. 名词翻译：- 柴油：diesel fuel- 柴油机：diesel engine- 柴油车：diesel car/vehicle- 柴油机车：diesel locomotive2. 形容词翻译：- 柴油的：diesel-powered- 柴油发动机的：diesel-engine3. 例句：- Diesel fuel is commonly used in trucks and buses.（柴油常用于卡车和公共汽车。

）- The diesel engine is known for its high efficiency.（柴油机以其高效率而闻名。

）- I prefer diesel cars because they are more fuel-efficient.（我更喜欢柴油车，因为它们更节能。

）- The train is powered by a diesel locomotive.（列车由柴油机车驱动。

）4. 扩展用法：- Diesel还可以指代一个时尚品牌，即Diesel（迪赛尔），该品牌以其独特的时尚设计和品质闻名。

例如，"She loves wearing Diesel jeans."（她喜欢穿着迪赛尔牌牛仔裤。

）- Diesel还可以作为一个动词，意为"给...加柴油"。

例如，"I need to diesel up my car before the road trip."（在出发前我需要给我的车加柴油。

）希望以上内容能够满足您的需求，如有其他问题，请随时提问。

【国家自然科学基金】_diesel engine_期刊发文热词逐年推荐_20140731

科研热词推荐指数柴油机 32 排放 11 燃烧 7 内燃机 6 瞬态工况 4 生物柴油 4 故障诊断 4 电动增压器 3 数值模拟 3 微粒 3 发动机 3 动力机械工程 3 全气缸取样系统 3 高效液相色谱 2 非线性 2 试验研究 2 缸内微粒 2 生物制气 2 烟度 2 混合燃料 2 模拟 2 数值分析 2 性能优化 2 喷雾特性 2 含氧燃料 2 双燃料发动机 2 低温等离子体 2 鲁棒控制 1 高速摄像 1 高压共轨喷射柴油机 1 非热放电 1 重整制氢 1 醛、酮类污染物 1 配气正时 1 逆模型 1 逆向开发 1 趋势分析 1 超低硫柴油 1 起动参数 1 调速系统 1 试验 1 规则提取 1 船舶航向 1 船用柴油机 1 自适应神经模糊推理系统 1 自适应 1 自然吸气式柴油机 1 联合控制 1 羰基污染物 1 缸套 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
粒数浓度粒径分布稳定性神经网络示功图磨损评价石化柴油瞬态直喷柴油机甲醛甲醇/柴油组合燃烧甲醇生物质燃料生物油生物乙醇柴油现代柴油机燃烧过程燃烧窜燃烧模拟燃烧室燃烧噪声燃油雾化燃料特性燃料挥发性燃料十六烷值烟度排放激光微造型滑模控制器混合算法混合气形成润滑涡流比消光烟度油耗油液分析汽车工程氮氧化物氧化催化转化器气道气相色谱正庚烷柴油机氮氧化物柴油替代燃料柴油主机柴油/甲醇组合燃烧柴油曲轴时频分析数据采集数据拟合放热规律摩擦推理控制策略

三管轮轮机英语大证考试真题40期

中华人民共和国海事局2006年第2期海船船员适任证书全国统考试题(总第40期)科目：轮机英语试卷代号：805适用对象：无限、近洋航区3000KW及以上船舶二/三管轮（本试卷卷面总分100分，及格分为70分，考试时间为100分钟）答题说明：请选择一个最合适的答案，并将该答案按答题卡要求，在其相应位置上用2B铅笔涂黑。

第1题至74题，每题1分，第75题至78题，每题1.5分,第79题至80题, 每题10分。

一、单项选择题1.______usually helps to induce air movement to assist combustion.A. Cylinder coverB. Main bearingC. The exhaust valveD. The piston movement2.The mechanical efficiency of an engine is always less than 100% ______lossesoccurring in the form of friction.A. becauseB. sinceC. due toD. owing3.The exhaust ports are located around the lower part of the cylinder liner, ______theproducts of combustion are driven by scavenging air.A. in whichB. by whichC. through whichD. from which4.The third engineer took the ______and checked the tank table in the office andrecorded all relevant data, as well as calculated the bunkering.A. water levelB. sump levelC. ballast tank levelD. ship's trim5.The lubricating pipes and ducts should be blown out with ______.A. the atmosphereB. the fresh waterC. the compressed airD. the chemical compounds6.______neutralizes the acid conditions and ______cleanses the rings and grooves.A. The detergency/the alkalinityB. The alkalinity/the detergencyC. The inhabitant/ the waterD. The additives/the distilled water7.If the engine does not start on air, it may be due to______.A. low compression of the fuel pumpsB. incorrect timing of fuel pumpsC. the starting air valves stuckD. air-locks in fuel oil pipeline8.______device is provided to prevent starting air from being admitted to thecylinder before the reversing is completed.A. An automaticB. A transmissionC. A self-regulatingD. An interlocking9. A reduction in load on a diesel engine results in ______of speed of the crankshaft.A. a reductionB. an increaseC. an outingD. a downwards10.Fuel injection uses the jet pump system and a Woodward type hydraulic ______isused to control engine speed.A. controllerB. governorC. instrumentD. apparatus 11.The overspeeding of the diesel engine driving an electric generator could cause______.A. low voltage trip to tripB. reverse power trip to tripC. damage to windingsD. excessive exhaust temperatures12.Any carbon built up on surfaces must be washed away by ______additives andheld in suspension by a ______additive.A. dispersant /detergentB. detergent/dispersantC. dispersant /dispersantD. detergent/detergent13.While flowing through the volute in a centrifugal pump, part of the ______energyof the liquid is converted to ______energy.A. kinetic/pressureB. kinetic/essentialC. pressure/kineticD.pressure/height14.Gear pumps are ______because they discharge a near constant amount of liquidregardless of pressure.A. negative displacement typeB. turbine typeC. positive displacement typeD. mixed-flow type15.Operating a rotary pump at speeds in excess of design requirements couldcause______.A. decreased clearances between rotating partsB. decreased slippage to the suction side of the pumpC. air binding in the discharge portsD. erosion and excessive wear16.The fire pumps must be capable of delivering a total quantity of water at a definedhead , not less than______of the total bilge pumping capacity.A. one-thirdB. two-thirdsC. one-fourthD. two-fourths17.The bilge system has been performing well; however, the aft starboard engineroom bilge-well suddenly fails to be pumped out. Which of the following should be done first to determine the cause?A. Open the bilge pump for inspection.B. Remove each of the manifold valves.C. Remove only the manifold valve to the affected bilge-well.D. Attempt to pump out another bilge well to determine if the entire system isaffected.18.Which of the following statements describes one of the functions of the ballastsystem?A. To permit flooding of any fuel oil storage tank on any class of ship.B. To use it as a secondary service system.C. To store reserve feed or potable water for extended cruises.D. To stabilize the ship by flooding certain designed tanks with seawater.19.If an operating auxiliary boiler has a water pH reading of 7, you should ______.A. bottom blow the boilerB. treat the water with caustic soda1C. treat the water with chemical scavengersD. reduce the water alkalinity to recommended readings20.Where tanks are arranged for either oil or ballast ______must be fitted in thepipeline.A. a change-over chestB. a head tankC. a emergency bilge pumpD. an aircooler21.The most common cause of scale formation in an auxiliary boiler is ______.A. concentrations of calcium sulphate in the boiler waterB. fuel oil in the feedwaterC. improper treatment of the feed water with calcium sulphateD. excessive feed water alkalinity22.The ______of the gravity disc is too big. It cause oil to flow through the wateroutlet. We changed the disc and no oil is found in the water outlet.A. gravityB. diameterC. circumferenceD. cylinder23.Oil water separators are used to ensure that ships don't discharge oil when______bilge water.A. to pump offB. being pumpedC. pumping outD. it pumping out24. A high rate of separation between oil and water is favored by______.A. large size of oil globuleB. low temperature25. C. high viscosity D. high flow rate26.Medium speed engines have a ______power to weight ratio than the slow speedtwo strokes, but due to the higher speeds tend to have ______maintenance intervals.A. higher/reducedB. higher/increasedC. lower/reducedD. lower/increased27.Oil Record Book Part I shall be provided to every oil tanker of 150 tons grosstonnage and above and every ship of 400 tons gross tonnage and above, ______oil tankers, to record relevant machinery space operations.A. as well asB. as long asC. rather thanD. other than28.It is important with all hydraulic systems to ensure that interlocking arrangementsprovided for pump or motor control levers are before the pump driving motor can be started.A. in the port positionB. in the starboard positionC. in the neutral positionD. to be dismantled29.The hand steering is a method by which the motion of the rudder is controlledwith______.A. a motor-driven steering wheelB. a pneumatic steering wheelC. a hand-driven steering wheelD. an electric steering wheel30.With reference to operating a four-ram steering gear system under emergencyconditions, which one of the following statements is incorrect ?A. Only one pump should be used at any timeB. The ship speed should be reduced to 70% of the normalC. Watch keeping of the steering gear should be increasedD. Limitations of the steering gear should be logged but the bridge need not beinformed31.Which of the following problems can result in below normal pressure in theintercooler of an operating low pressure air compressor?A. Defective pressure pilot valveB. Defective receiver relief valveC. Leaking intake valves on the high pressure cylinderD. Leaking discharge valves on the low pressure cylinder32.The air charge leaving an intercooler, or after-cooler of an air compressor can beexpected to be __.A. superheatedB. super-cooledC. at or below the dew pointD. all of theabove33.Open the ______of inter cooler before starting an air compressor.A. cylinder coverB. cooling waterC. oil cupD. drain valve34.Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a resultof______.A. bubbling refrigerantB. overheating and oxidationC. lowered operating temperaturesD. reducing the cloud or flash point35.If a refrigeration system were short of refrigerant, the condition would result in______.A. continuous running of the compressorB. high suction pressureC. high discharge pressureD. short cycling of the compressor on the waterfailure switch36.Which of the statements listed concerning heat transfer is correct?A. Heat is always transferred at a constant rate.B. Heat transfer rate increases as temperature difference increases.C. The rate of heat transfer is not affected by temperature difference.D. The high temperature region is known as a heat sink.37.The purpose of the low pressure cutout switch is to______.A. maintain liquid refrigerant at the suction of the compressorB. maintain a preset suction pressure to the compressorC. start and stop the compressor at preset operating pressuresD. operate at minimum efficiency38.When a refrigeration compressor is in the 'off' cycle, the thermal expansion valvewill______.A. always be wide open when the compressor restartsB. continue to operate as if the system were in operationC. remain open until evaporator pressure equalizes, then close until the compressorrestartsD. always be completely closed until the compressor restarts239.The star formation is most commonly used and requires ______on the alternator.A. one slip-ringB. two slipringsC. three slipringsD. four sliprings40. A constant output voltage from an AC generator is maintained by the ______.A. prime mover governorB. exciter generatorC. voltage regulatorD. reverse power relay41.Prior to any overhaul work on electric equipment, it is important to ensure thecircuits are______.A. liveB. deadC. excitedD. on line42.Which of the following should be the FIRST step in removing a generator fromparallel operation?A. Trip the generator off the switchboard.B. Turn off all electrical equipment.C.Remove the load from the … offgoing' generator.D. Increase the cycles of the generator staying on the line.43. A … dead front' switchboard is one ______.A. without switches on itB. with insulated switches and no exposed terminalsC. without circuit breakersD. without safety hand rails nor rubber mats44.In ______the control action is independent on the output.A. a closed loop control systemB. an open loop control systemC. a boiler control systemD. a steering gear automatic control system45.Every precaution must be taken to avoid ______.A. sparking being taking placeB. to spark taking placeC. sparking to be taken placeD. sparking taking place46.The ______is used to measure the volume of a liquid or gas through a pipelinewithin any given period of time.A. flowmeterB. viscometerC. micrometerD. feeler47. A salinity indicator is used to determine the ______.A. cause of salt contaminationB. location of salt water contaminationC. chemical makeup of feed-waterD. level of alkalinity in condensate48.In order to accurately measure very low pressures, which of the instruments listedshould be used?A. Compound gageB. Bourdon tubeC. ManometerD. Deadweight gage49. A circuit breaker and a fuse have a basic similarity in that they both ______.A. can be reset to energize the circuitB. should open the circuit when overloadedC. will burn out when an over current flow developsD. all of the above50.The main difference between a motor control circuit containing low voltageprotection and low voltage release is that the latter contains______.A. a magnetic operating coilB. normally open line contactsC. thermal-overload protectionD. a momentary-contact start button51.If the engine ______for a long period, there will be a danger of frost.A. must stand inoperativeB. has to stand inoperativeC. must be stood idleD. will stand idle52.If fuel injection to a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine begins earlier than designed,ignition may be delayed because the ______.A. cylinder compression pressure may not be high enoughB. cylinder compression temperature may be too highC. fuel oil injection pressure may not be high enoughD. scavenge and purge process is incomplete53.Improper cooling of a diesel engine cylinder liner due to the accumulation of scaledeposits, may cause______.A. low compression pressureB. increased piston wearC. increased cylinder lube oil consumptionD. poor contact between compression rings and liner54.Poor combustion in a diesel engine can be caused by______.A. high compression pressureB. low intake air temperatureC. low exhaust pressureD. high scavenge air temperature55.High exhaust temperature and black smoke exhausting from an auxiliary dieselengine can be caused by ______.A. engine overloadB. low combustion temperatureC. plugged fuel nozzle holesD. excessive compression pressure56.In a diesel engine, excessive cylinder liner wear will cause ______.I. increased blow-by II. wear between the piston ring and grooveA. I only is correctB. II only is correctC. both I and II are correctD. neither I or II are correctbustion knock can occur in the cylinders of a diesel engine under anycondition permitting ______.A. a shortened ignition delay periodB. a lean fuel/air mixtureC. excess fuel in the combustion chamberD. rapid vaporization of injected fuel droplets58.The load on the crosshead pin is always______, so it is the ______half of thebearing which is subject to wear.A. upwards/topB. upwards/bottomC. downwards/topD. downwards/bottom59.If the action of the engine indicates that some of the cylinders are not firing, theones affected may be determined by watching ______.3A. the bad smokeB. the smoky exhaustC. the exhaust temperatureD. the peak pressure60. A centrifugal pump can‟t supply water after starting. You should firs tly check ___.A. discharge valveB. power supplyC. packing glandD. bearing lubrication61.Which of the motors for the devices listed below is fitted with an instantaneous(瞬时的) overload relay?A. FanB. PumpC. WinchD. Machine tool62.If ______are taken at regular intervals, any unequal distribution of load will beeasily found out.A. indicator diagramsB. nomo-gramC. temperature readingsD. pressure readings63.Oil mist detectors are usually used on board to detect oil mist density within _____.A. the engine crankcaseB. the engine scavenge boxesC. drain tanksD. fuel tanks64.The resistance of electric wire will decrease as its ______.A. length increasesB. cross-sectional area increasesC. temperature increasesD. percent of metallic purities increases65.It is well known that the wh ole power distribution of the ship‟s electrical servicesmainly depend on the______.A. sub-boardsB. main switchboardsC. emergency switchboardsD. distribution boards66.The Company should ensure that ______documents are promptly removed.A. absoluteB. updatedC. outdatedD. new67.You may improve a vessel's stability by ______.A. keeping the fuel tanks topped offB. increasing the free surface effectC. keeping the fuel tanks at least half fullD. keeping at least one fuel tank empty for slops68.The most common type of containment device for spilled oil on the water is the useof ______.A. strawB. boomsC. skimmersD. chemical dispersants69.We‟ve trie d many ways, but all in vain. Only in this way, ___the problem, I‟m sure.A. can we solveB. we can solveC. we will solveD. can be solved70.It was ______midnight that we removed the trouble and went back to our cabins.A. untilB. not untilC. not beforeD. not after71.The flash point of a petroleum product is an indication of its______.A. viscosityB. pour pointC. volatilityD. lower explosive limit72.If there has been a fire in a closed unventilated compartment it may be unsafe toenter because of ______.A. unburned carbon particlesB. excess nitrogenC. a lack of oxygenD. excess hydrogen73.Tell your men ______the rules and procedures of working when dismantling theequipment.A. not to go againstB.don‟t go againstC. not go to againstD. to not goagainst74.The minimum number and capacity of bilge pumps and fire pumps and theirdistributing within the ship is governed by______.A. Classification Society RulesB. National requirementsC. The IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at SeaD. All of the above.75.The SOLAS Convention in its successive forms is generally regarded as the mostimportant of all international treaties concerning the ______of merchant ships.A. pollutionB. economizationC. safetyD. efficiency二. 关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The windlass is the usual anchor-handling device where one machine may be used to handle both anchors. A more recent development, particular on largervessels, is the split windlass where one machine is used for each anchor.The rotating units of a split windlass consist of a cable lifter with shaped snug to grip the anchor cable, a mooring drum for paying out or letting go of mooringwires and a warp end for warping duties. Each of these units may be separatelyengaged or disengaged by means of a dog clutch, although the warp end is oftendriven in association with mooring drum. A spur gear assembly transmits the motor drive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off.Separate band brakes are fitted to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched off.The cable lifter unit is mounted so as to raise and lower the cable from thespurling pipe, which is at the top and the chain or cable locker.Anchor capstans are used in some installations where the cable lifter rotatesabout a vertical axis. Only the cable lifter unit is located on deck, the drivingmachinery being on the deck below.76.According to the passage, the rotating units of a split windlass don‟t include______.A. a cable lifterB. a mooring drumC. a chain lockerD. a warp end77.The word “assembly” in the sentence “ A spur gear assembly transmits the motordrive to the shaft where the various dog clutches enable the power take-off.” is as the same meaning as ______.A. unitB. shaftC. dog clutchD. spurling pipe78.One of the functions of a dog clutch is ______.A. to transmit the motor drive to the shaft4B. to hold the cable lifter and the mooring drum when the power is switched offC. to engage or disengage the rotating units of a split windlass separatelyD. to handle both anchors79.Which of the following statements is correct ?A. A more recently development, particularly on larger vessels, is the splitwindlass where one machine is used to handle both anchors.B.The word “machine” in the passage refers to the windlass.C. Anchor capstans are used in some installation where the cable lifter rotatesabout a horizontal axis.D. Both the cable lifter unit and the driving machinery are located on deck.三、中译英（共2题，请将答案写在答题纸上）79. （修理单）辅助锅炉水空间需采用化学方法除去水垢，如发现有烧坏的管子则换新，安全释放阀调至设定值。

机车行业部分英语术语表达210802

柴油机术语Terms of diesel engine一、柴油机分类1、二冲程柴油机Two cycle diesel engine2、低转速柴油机Low speed diesel engine3、中转速柴油机Medium speed diesel engine4、高转速柴油机High speed diesel engine5、增压柴油机Supercharged diesel engine6、中增压柴油机Medium pressure charging diesel engine7、高增压柴油机High pressure charging diesel engine8、超高增压柴油机Over high pressure charging diesel engine9、废气涡轮增压柴油机Exhaust turbocharged diesel engine10、机械增压柴油机Engine-driven supercharged D.E11、两级增压柴油机two-stage supercharged D.E12、复合式柴油机compound-supercharged D.E13、立式柴油机Vertical Diesel Engine14、卧式柴油机Horizontal Diesel Engine15、直列式柴油机Straight-type Diesel Engine16、对动活塞式柴油机Opposed-piston type Diesel Engine17、水冷柴油机water-cooled Diesel Engine二、柴油机工作过程1、行程缸径比Stroke-bore ratio2、杆比Connecting rod-crank radius ratio3、上止点Top dead point(center)4、下止点Bottom dead point(center)5、内止点Inner dead point(center)6、外止点Outer dead point(center)7、气缸最大容积Max.stroke volume8、气缸最小容积Min.stroke volume9、气缸工作容积Stroke volume10、充量Charge11、工质Working substance12、进气冲程Intake stroke13、压缩冲程Compression stroke14、膨胀冲程Expansion stroke15、排气冲程Exhaust stroke16、换气-压缩冲程Scavenging-compression17、工作循环Working cycle18、进气持续角Continuous intake angle19、排气持续角Continuous exhaust angle20、扫气持续角Continuous scavenging angle21、进气提前角Advance angle of admission22、进气滞后角Lag angle of admission23、排气提前角Advance angle of exhaust24、排气滞后角Lag angle of exhaust25、进、排气重迭角inlet and exhaust lap26、配气相位Valve timing27、换气过程Scavenging period28、扫气过程Scavenging process29、直流扫气Uniflow scavenging30、横流扫气Cross scavenging31、回流扫气Loop scavenging32、扫气泵扫气Blower scavenging33、进气温度Intake temperature34、缸盖出口废气温度Exhaust temp at cylinder head outlet35、涡轮膨胀比Expansion ratio of turbine36、排气背压Exhaust back pressure37、残余废气Residual gas38、扫气利用系数 Utilization coefficient of scavenging39、过量空气系数Excess air factor40、空燃比Air-fuel ratio41、燃料当量比Fuel equivalent ratio42、扫气效率Scavenging efficiency43、空气利用率Air utilization rate44、压缩始点压力Compression beginning pressure45、压缩终点压力Compression terminal pressure46、压缩多变指数Ploytropic index of compression47、最高爆发压力Maximum explosive pressure increment48、平均压力增长率Rate of mean pressure increment49、压力升高比Pressure step-up ratio50、膨胀终点温度Expansion ratio51、初期膨胀比Initial expansion52、后期膨胀比After expansion ratio53、分子变更系数Coefficient of molecule modify54、高热值High heating value55、低热值Low heating value56、燃烧速率Combustion rate57、放热速率Rate of heat release58、放热规律Law of heat release59、放热系数Coefficient of heat release60、热平衡Heat balance61、有效功热当量Heat equivalent of effective work62、排气热损失Exhaust loss63、冷却热损失Cooling loss64、热平衡余项损失Residual loss of heat balance65、示功图Indicator diagram66、示功图丰满系数Fullness coefficient of indicator diagram67、工作过程Working process68、指示功Indicated work69、指示热消耗率Indicated specific heat consumption70、燃油消耗率Specific fuel consumption71、燃油消耗量Fuel consumption72、热消耗量Heat consumption73、机油消耗率Specific oil consumption74、机油消耗量Oil consumption75、空气消耗率Specific air consumption76、空气消耗量Air consumption77、发火次序Firing order78、正时Timing79、燃烧过程Combustion process80、油膜燃烧Oil film combustion81、混合气燃烧Fuel-air mixing combustion82、雾化Atomization83、喷油速率Injection rate84、喷油规律Law of injection85、喷油持续角Continuous injection angle86、喷油迟延角Injection lag angle87、供油提前角Advance angle of fuel supply88、喷油提前角Injection advance angle89、燃烧持续期Duration of combustion90、显燃期Sensible combustion period91、后燃期After burning period92、增压压力Supercharging pressure93、气波增压Comprex supercharging94、废气涡轮增压Exhaust turbocharging95、机械增压Engine-driven supercharging96、复合增压Series turbocharging97、是压增压Constant-pressure charging98、脉冲增压Pulse charging99、增压器出口温度Discharge temp100、增压度Degree of turbo-charging101、脉冲进气Pulse intake102、时间-面积值Time-area value103、燃烧室面容比Area -volume ration of Combustion Chamber 104、燃烧室的挤气面积Air extruded area of c.105、分开式燃烧室Divided combustion chamber106、半分开式燃烧室Semishouded combustion chember107、涡流室燃烧室Swirl combustion chamber108、预燃室燃烧室Pre-combustion chamber109、挤压涡流Extruding swirl110、螺旋进气道Helical intake passage111、切向进气道Circumferential intake passage112、积炭Carbon deposit113、结胶Caking114、工作粗暴Detonation115、敲缸Knocking116、废气净化Exhaust purification117、排气烟度Exhaust smoke density三、柴油机的动力、经济指标及使用性能1、修正功率Correction power2、指示功率Indicated power3、经济功率Economic power4、极限功率Ultimate power5、单缸功率Power per cylinder6、升功率Volume power7、单位活塞面积功率Piston unit area power8、储备功率Reserve power9、功率储备系数Coefficient of reserve power10、平均指示压力Mean indicated pressure11、平均机械压力损失Mean mechanical loss pressure12、有效热效率Useful thermal efficiency13、扭矩储备系数Coefficient of reserve torque14、适应性系数Coefficient of adaptability15、最低空载稳定转速Min. idling stabilized speed16、最大扭矩转速Speed of Max. torque17、转速波动率Rate of speed fluctuation18、瞬时调速率Instantaneous speed change19、强化系数Coefficient of intensification20、冷却水泵流量Flow of cooling water pump21、单位体积功率Specific volume power22、比重量Weight –to power ratio23、穴蚀Cavitation24、窜机油Lubricating oil carry-over25、窜气Blow-by26、拉缸Piston scraping/scuffing27、抱缸Piston seizer28、游车Hunting29、飞车Runaway四、柴油机试验1、鉴定试验Homologation test2、出厂试验Predelivery test3、各缸均匀性试验Cylinder power equalizing test4、停缸试验Shut-off cylinder test5、突变负荷试验Load sudden change test6、空载特性试验No-load characteristic test7、最低工作稳定转速试验Min. steady speed test8、转速波动率试验Speed fluctuation test9、停增压器试验Shut-off supercharger test柴油机零部件名称一、机体1、机体 Engine block2、气缸体Cylinder block3、曲轴箱Crankshaft4、机座Engine5、柴油机支座Engine support6、油底壳Oil sump7、曲轴箱检查孔盖Crankcase inspection cover8、轴箱前油封Crankcase front oil seal9、曲轴箱后油封Crankcase rear oil seal10、曲轴箱防爆门Explosion proof door of crankcase11、呼吸器Crankcase breather12、抽气装置Air extracting device13、油气分离器Oil separator14、活塞冷却喷嘴Piston cooling nozzle15、气缸Cylinder16、气缸套Cylinder liner17、水套Water jacket18、气缸套封水圈Water seal ring of cylinder liner19、气缸盖封水圈Water seal ring of cylinder head20、气缸盖封水圈导管Water seal ring guide tube of cylinder head21、扫气箱Scavenging22、连接箱connecting box/trunk23、泵支承箱Pump supporting box24、机油标尺Lubricating oil dipstick25、主轴承Main bearing26、主轴承座Main bearing seat27、主轴承盖Main bearing cap28、止推轴承盖Thrust bearing cap29、主轴瓦Main bearing shell30、止推轴瓦Thrust bearing shell31、止推环Thrust ring32、主轴承螺栓(钉) Main bearing stud （bolt）33、主轴承螺母Main bearing nut二、曲轴及飞轮1、曲轴Crankshaft2、主轴颈Crank journal3、曲柄销Crankpin4、曲柄臂Crankarm5、曲柄Crank6、曲轴平衡块Crankshaft counterbalance7、飞轮flywheel8、飞轮齿圈flywheel ring9、联轴节Coupling10、曲轴减振器Crankshaft vibration damper11、硅油减振器Silicone oil damper12、硅油弹簧减振器Silicone oil spring damper13、硅油橡胶减振器Silicone oil rubber damper14、摆式减振器Pendulum damper15、弹簧式减振器Spring damper三、活塞1、活塞Piston2、活塞体Piston body3、活塞头Piston head4、活塞裙Piston skirt5、活塞套Piston bush6、塞环Piston ring7、塞销Piston pin8、活塞销盖Piston pin cover9、活塞销挡圈Piston pin lock ring10、活塞密封盖Piston pin cover11、活塞销孔衬套Piston bush12、油环Oil ring13、气环Gas ring/compression ring四、连杆1、连杆Connecting rod2、连杆体Connecting rod body3、连杆衬套Connecting rod bush4、连杆轴瓦Connecting rod bearing shell5、连杆盖Connecting rod cap6、连杆螺栓Connecting rod stud7、连杆螺母Connecting rod nut8、主连杆Main connecting rod9、副连杆Auxiliary connecting rod10、副连杆销Wrist pin11、副连杆销衬套Wrist pin bush五、气缸盖1、气缸盖Cylinder head2、气缸盖衬垫Cylinder head gasket3、气缸盖罩Cylinder head cover4、气缸盖螺栓Cylinder head stud5、气缸盖螺母Cylinder head nut6、预燃室Precombustion chamber7、预燃室喷嘴Precombustion chamber nozzle8、示功阀Indicator valve六、气门机构1、气门Valve2、进气门Inlet valve3、排气门Exhaust valve4、气门弹簧Valve spring5、气门外弹簧Valve outer spring6、气门内弹簧Valve inner spring7、气门弹簧座Valve spring seat8、气门锁夹Valve collet9、气门座Valve seat10、气门导管Valve guide11、气门摇臂Valve rocker12、气门摇臂球头Valve rocker ball head13、气门摇臂轴Valve rocker shaft14、气门摇臂衬套Valve rocker bush15、气门摇臂隔套Spacer sleeve of valve rocker16、气门摇臂轴支座Valve rocker shaft bracket17、气门横臂Valve cross arm18、气门横臂导杆Valve cross arm guide19、气门横臂调整螺钉Valve cross arm afjusting screw20、气门间隙调整螺母Valve clearance adjusting nut21、气门推杆Valve push rod22、推杆套管Valve push rod guide23、推杆套管压紧螺母Valve push rod guide clamp nut24、推杆头Push rod head25、气门挺柱Valve tappet26、挺柱头Tappet head27、挺柱导筒Tappet guide28、挺柱滚轮Tappet roller29、滚轮摇臂Roller rocker30、气门旋转机构Valve rotating mechanism31、气门旋转阀座Valve rotating seat32、气门旋转回位弹簧Return spring33、气门旋转盘Rotating disk34、气门旋转碟形弹簧Disk spring七、凸轮轴1、凸轮轴 Camshaft2、进气凸轮 Inlet cam3、排气凸轮 Exhaust cam4、喷油泵凸轮 Injection pump cam八、齿轮传动机构1、曲轴正时齿轮 Crankshaft timing gear2、凸轮轴正时齿轮 Camshaft timing gear3、调速器驱动齿轮 Governor drive gear4、喷油泵驱动齿轮 Injection pump gear5、介轮驱动齿轮 Idle gear九、自动喷调装置1、自动喷调装置Injection timer2、喷调装置支架 Housing3、螺旋轴Helical spline shaft4、后轴 Rear shaft5、飞铁Flyweight6、出油阀Oil outlet valve7、出油阀弹簧Oil outlet valve control spring8、复原弹簧Return spring9、复原弹簧轴Return spring guide pin10、复原弹簧套Return spring guide十、喷油泵1、喷油泵Injection pump2、喷油泵体Pump housing3、喷油泵上体Top housing4、喷油泵下体Bottom housing5、柱塞偶件Plunger matching parts6、柱塞Plunger7、柱塞套Plunger sleeve8、柱塞弹簧上座Spring upper seat9、柱塞弹簧下座Spring bottom seat10、出油阀偶件Delivery valve matching parts11、出油阀升程限制器Delivery valve lift stop12、出油阀接头Delivery valve joint13、压紧螺套Clamping thread bush14、调节齿圈Gear ring/toothed ring15、油量控制套筒Fuel controlling sleeve16、调节齿杆Control rack17、调整螺栓Adjusting bolt18、供油限制螺母Stop nut of control rack19、拔叉座Shift fork seat20、滚轮Roller21、调整垫片Adjusting shim十一、喷油器1、喷油器Fuel injector2、喷油器Injector body3、针阀体Neddle valve body4、调压弹簧Pressure adjusting spring5、喷油器挺杆Injector spindle6、喷油器滤芯Filter core7、喷油器进油管接头Fuel inlet nipple十二、调速器1、调速器体Governor body2、工作油系统Working oil system3、储油室Accumulator4、滤油器Oil strainer5、配气系统Speed setting system6、电磁阀Electromagnetic valve7、调速板Speed setting plate8、旋转套Rotary sleeve9、浮动杆Floating lever10、复位拉杆Restoring link11、复位杠杆Restoring lever12、升速针阀Speed-up neddle valve13、降速针阀Retarding neddle valve14、止回阀Check valve15、调速系统Speed-governing sys.16、花键轴Spline shaft17、扇形齿板Sector gear18、齿套Gear sleeve19、调速弹簧Governor spring20、调速弹簧盘Governor spring disk21、飞锤Flyweight22、飞锤支架Flyweight support23、驱动盘Driving disk24、从动盘Driven disk25、减振弹簧Damping spring26、调速滑阀Speed regulating slide valve27、滑阀尾杆Slide valve tail rod28、滑阀套座Slide valve sleeve29、补偿弹簧Compensating spring30、传动轴Driving/Transmission shaft31、调速司服机构Speed-governing servomechanism32、动力缸体Power cylinder body33、活塞顶杆Piston top rod34、动力活塞Power piston35、连板Connecting plate36、偏心调整轮Adjusting eccertric37、功调滑阀Power regulating slide valve38、定位套Locating sleeve39、压盖Gland40、螺塞Screw plug41、增载针阀Neddle valve of loading42、减载针阀Neddle valve of unloading43、功率司复器Power servo gear44、转轴Rotating shaft45、回转板Rotary plate46、变阻器Rheostat47、定触头Stationary contact48、滑环slip ring49、自动停车机构Automatic stop mechanism50、停车阀Shut-off valve51、电磁线圈Electro-magnet coil52、接触杆Contact lever53、导向环Guide ring十三、调速器传动箱1、调速器传动箱Governor transmission block2、轴承箱Bearing box3、传动箱主轴Main shaft of transmission block十四、转速表传动装置1、转速表传动装置Transmission gear of revolution counter2、转速表Revolution counter3、连接体Connecting case4、接轴Connecting shaft5、水平轴level shaft6、垂直轴Vertical shaft7、挠性轴Flexible shaft十五、起动加速器1、起动加速器Starting accelerator2、电空阀Electro-pneumatic valve3、风缸体Air reservoir body4、油缸体Oil cylinder body5、单向球阀Check ball valve十六、控制机构1、控制机构Control mechanism2、最大供油止挡Max. fuel stop block3、弹性连接杆Elastic connecting rod4、油量调节阀Oil adjusting rod5、弹性夹头Elastic tonghold十七、超速停车装置1、超速停车装置Overspeed trip2、停车器体Shutdown device body3、停车拉杆Shutdown pull rod4、飞块Flyweight5、飞块轮盘Flyweight disk十八、紧急停车装置1、紧急停车装置Emergence stop mechanism2、紧急停车按钮Emergence stop3、推杆体Push rod body4、顶杆Supporting rod5、复原手柄Restoring handle6、复原传动臂Restoring drive arm十九、盘车机构1、滑动式盘车机构Sliding type turning mechanism2、滑动支架座Sliding support seat3、滑动轴Sliding shaft4、蜗杆Worm5、蜗杆轴齿轮Gear of worm shaft6、齿轮轴Gear shaft7、轴承体Bearing block8、行程开关Stroke limit switch9、回转式盘车机构Rotary type turning mechanism10、固定支架Fixing support11、回转支架Rotary support12、回转轴Rotary shaft13、回转轴接轴Connecting shaft of rotary shaft14、支架杆Support lever15、盘车轴承体Bearing block of turning shaft16、限制螺钉Limit screw17、盘车联锁Interlocking mechanism ofturning gear二十、涡轮增压器1、涡轮增压器Turbocharger2、涡轮进气壳Turbine inlet casing3、涡轮出气壳Turbine outlet casing4、压气机涡壳Blower outlet casing5、叶轮罩Impeller casing6、导流壳Blower inlet casing7、导气螺堵Air guide plug8、转子Rotor9、主轴（转子轴）Rotor shaft10、压气机Blower11、导风轮Inducer12、压气机叶轮Blower impeller13、涡轮盘Turbine disk14、涡轮叶片Turbine blade15、压气机轴承套Blower bearing bush16、径向轴承Radial bearing17、推力（止推）轴承Thrust bearing18、涡轮端气封圈Turbine air seal ring19、压气机端油封Blower oil seal20、甩油盘Oil thrower21、导油罩Oil guide casing22、喷嘴环镶套Nozzle ring housing23、喷嘴环叶片Nozzle vane24、喷嘴环内圈Nozzle inner ring25、喷嘴环外圈Nozzle outer ring26、内圈镶套Inserted sleeve of nozzleinner ring27、扩压器Diffuser28、扩压器镶圈Diffuser inserted ring29、扩压器盖板Diffuser cover plate30、扩压器封圈Diffuser air seal ring二十一、中冷器1、中冷器Intercooler2、进水端盖板Water inlet cover3、出水端盖板Water outlet cover4、筋板 Ribbed slab5、支承隔板Spacer6、侧板Side plate7、管板Tube sheet8、冷却片Cooling fin9、放气阀Drain valve二十二、进排气管1、进气管Air inlet pipe2、进气总管Air inlet mainfold3、进气支管Air inlet branch pipe4、进气稳压箱Air inlet pressure stabilizing box5、排气管Exhaust pipe6、排气总管Exhaust mainfold7、排气支管Exhaust branch pipe8、排气箱Exhaust box9、排气集流管Exhaust collector10、波纹管Bellows11、消声器Noise silencer二十三、扫气泵1、扫气泵Scavenging2、平衡塞Balance plug3、轴承座板Bearing seat plate4、轴承座圈Bearing race5、轴承挡圈Bearing retainer6、间隔环Spacer ring7、调整环Adjusting ring8、挡油圈Oil baffle9、外罩Hood一、液力传动系统零部件名称1、圆锥齿轮：Conical gear2、齿轮轮心：Gear hub3、变扭器轴组成：Torque converter shaft assembly4、换向器：Reversing shaft5、离合器滑套：Clutch outer tooth6、换向限制阀轴：Shaft of standstill detector valve7、闸板机构：Gate Mechanism8、转动块：Moving block9、涨圈：Sealing ring10、风扇偶合器：Fan coupler11、换向机构：Reversing mechanism12、内拨块：Inner shifting block13、节流堵：Throttle plug14、触头：Contact shoe15、通气帽；Ventilation cap16、恒温元件；Thermostatic element17、万向轴：Cardan shaft18、花键套叉头：Spline slip yoke19、防尘帽：Dust cap20、平衡块装配：Counter balance weight assembly21、双向齿轮泵：Double acting gear pump二、机车辅助装置零部件名称1、盖形螺母Cap nut2、静环Rest ring3、动环Moving ring4、膨胀水箱Expansion tank5、涡流器Swirler6、点火电极Electrode7、节流装置Throttle unit8、燃油粗滤器Fuel prefilter9、燃油精滤器Fuel precision filter10、风机-电极组Air compressor and motor assembly11、隔板Baffle plate12、油浴式空气滤清器Oil bath air filter13、旋风筒式空气滤清器Cyclone type air filter14、前变速箱Front transmission gear box15、励磁机传动轴Exciter transmission shaft16、偶合器泵轮Pump impeller of coupling17、迷宫式油封Labyrinth oil seal18、观察孔盖Inspection cover19、万向节叉头Universal joint fork20、叉头法兰Forked flange21、配流盘Distributing disk22、压板Clamping plate23、阻尼塞Damping plug三、机车、车体、转向架零部件名称1、牵引梁Draw bean2、从板座Follower seat3、牵引拉杆座Draw bar seat4、了望窗Observation window5、操纵台Console6、更衣箱Dressing box7、行李架Luggage rack8、电器室Electric appartatus room9、排障器Pilot (life guard/cowcatcher)10、钩尾销Coupler tail pin11、车上设备Equipment of car12、风喇叭Air whistle13、路签接受器Staff exchanger14、刮雨器Windshield wiper15、遮阳板Sun-shield16、车型车号灯Type&Number lamp17、标志灯Marker lamp18、加油口Fuel oil filler19、转向架侧挡Side stop piece of bogie20、拐臂座Crankarm seat21、电动机吊座Motor hanger22、防尘圈Dust guard washer23、减振垫Damping pad24、轴箱拉杆Axle box link25、芯轴Spindle26、卡圈Clamp ring27、橡胶套Rubber sleeve28、轮箍Tyre29、橡胶垫Rubber pad30、橡胶堆Rubber metal pad31、基础制动装置Bogie brake rigging32、制动吊挂装置Brake suspersion gear33、制动缸皮碗Brake cyl. rubber cup34、闸瓦间隙调整器Brake shoe holder35、闸瓦Brake shoe/Brake block36、闸瓦托Blake shoe holder37、闸瓦插销Brake shoe key38、拉杆Pull rod39、撒砂器Sand sprayer40、电机悬挂装置Motor suspersion gear41、轮缘润滑装置Flange lubricator四、空气制动装置零部件名称1、窥油窗Oil inspection window2、加油堵Oil plug3、放油堵Oil drainer4、连杆瓦Conrod bush5、吸气阀片Inlet valve sheet6、散热管Radiating tube7、上下集气箱Upper&bottom air collecting box8、定压阀 Constant pressure valve9、调压器Pressure governor10、滤油器Oil strainer11、微动开关弹簧Micro switch spring12、阀罩Valve casing13、调整螺杆Adjusting threaded14、调整螺栓Adjusting stud15、开闭接触子On-off contact shoe16、固定接触子Fixed contact shoe17、导电片Conducting leaf18、弹簧片Spring leaf19、动触头Moving contact shoe20、静触头Fixed contact shoe21、供给阀Supply valve22、涨圈Piston ring23、缩口风堵Air choke24、通风口套Vent bush25、节制阀Graduating valve26、节制杆Graduating stem27、双室风缸Double-chamber reservoir28、切换阀Transfer valve29、回转阀Rotary valve30、手把定位卡Latch31、滤尘止回阀Retarding spring32、阻流器Choke plug33、减速弹簧Retarding spring34、衔铁Armature35、油水分离器Oil-water separator36、挡罩Retaining cover五、机车术语1、轴列式Formula of axle Arrangement2、机车长度Loco. Overall length3、机车最大高度Loco. Overall height4、转向架转心Bogie pivot centre5、车钩中心线高度Coupler center height6、机车计算整备重量Calculated weight of Loco.7、机车全整备重量Loco. Total weight8、机车空重Loco. Weight empty9、限制轴重Axle weight limit10、轴重转移Axle weight transfer11、粘着重量利用系数Adhesive weight utility factor12、簧上重量Sprung weight13、簧下重量Unsprung weight14、弹簧动挠度Spring dynamit deflection15、弹簧刚度Spring stiffness16、机车几何曲线通过Geometrical curve of Loco. passing17、通过最小曲线半径Minimum curve radius18、轮对横动量Lateral play of wheel set19、转向架极心Bogie pole core20、偏转角Deflection angle21、冲角Attack angle22、最大外移位置Max. outward moving position23、轮轨摩擦力Wheel rail frictional force24、导向力Guideance force25、轮缘角Angle of wheel flange26、轮周牵引力Tractive force at wheel rim27、车钩牵引力Drawbar pall28、粘着牵引力Adhesive tractive force29、粘着系数Adhesive coefficient30、装车功率Diesel engine Max. service output of Loco.31、运用功率Naninal power of Loco.32、轮周功率Output at wheel rim33、车钩功率Drawbar power34、制动功率Brake power35、机车轮周效率Total efficiency of locomotive36、机车轮周功率曲线Locomotive power curve37、机车牵引特性曲线Traction characteristics curve of Loco.38、机车预期牵引特性曲线Predetermined Traction characteristics curve of Loco.39、牵引运行阻力Running resistance40、惰行阻力Idle-running resistance41、单位阻力Unit resistance42、坡道阻力Gradient resistance43、闸瓦制动Block braking44、单侧制动Single bloke braking45、电阻制动Rheostatic braking46、液力制动Hydrodynamic braking47、车轮滑行Wheel sliding48、制动效率Braking efficiency49、制动功率Braking leverage ratio50、轴制功率Braking ratio per axle51、机车常用制动率Loco. serive braking ratio52、机车制动距离Loco. braking distance53、车轮空转Loco. wheel slip54、伸缩振动Longitudinal vibration55、侧摆振动Lateral oscillation56、浮沉振动Bouncing57、侧滚振动Side rolling58、点头振动Angular pitching59、摇头振动Yaeing60、蛇行振动Hunting61、自由振动Free vibrtion62、振幅Amplitude63、固有频率Free running64、机车共振Resonance of loco.65、共振临界速度Critical speed of resonance66、水阻试验Hydraulic resistance test67、定置试验Location test68、运行试验Running test69、运用试验Service /Operation test70、型式试验Type test71、例行试验Routine test72、机车试运Loco. Trial run六、牵引电气设备术语1、工频牵引Industrial2、总运输量Total gross traffic3、总牵引运输量Gross traffic hauled4、列车营业载荷（牵引净重）Payload of a train5、动车组、动车或类似的动力车的正常载荷Normal load of a train unit,motor coach or similar6、动车组、动车等的高峰载荷Crush load of a train unit ,motor coach etc.7、运营方式Method of use8、单机运行Light running9、惰行Coasting10、补机运行Assisted operation11、多机重联运行Multiple unit operation12、补机推送Banking;Assisting in rear;Pusher operation13、推送运行Propelling movement14、推拉运行Push-pull operation15、列车运行Train movement16、单位列车阻力Specific train resistance17、单位坡道附加阻力Specific resistance on inclined track18、单位曲线附加阻力Specific train resistance due to curves19、起步阻力Breakaway force20、剩余加速度residual acceleration21、制动系统Braking system22、制动方法Braking method23、电阻制动Rheostatic braking24、电阻制动的最低建立速度Critical build-up speed under rheostatic braking condition25、电磁螺线管制动Solenoid braking26、电磁感应制动Electro-magnetic induction braking27、旋转涡流减速器Rotating eddy current retarder28、恒速制动Holding brake29、停车制动stopping brake30、自动定点制动Automatic spot brake31、混合制动Composite braking32、联合制动Blended braking33、替换制动Substitutional braking34、制动特性Braking characteristics35、恒速制动特性Characteristics at constant speed36、恒速制动力Holding brake effort37、恒功率制动特性Characteristics at constant power38、制动减速度Deceleration39、制停距离Stopping distance40、存车制动Parking brake41、防空转制动Anti-slip brake42、粘着系数Adhesion coefficient43、车轮滑行保护装置Wheel slide protection device44、运行质量Riding quality45、伸缩振动Fore and Aft Oscillations46、侧摆振动Lateral oscillation47、浮沉振动Bouncing48、侧滚振动Side rolling49、点头振动Angular pitching50、摇头振动Nosing ,Hunting51、铁道机车车辆限界Rolling stock gauge52、联运限界Gauge for transit vehicles53、装载限界Loading gauge54、接触轨限界Conductor rail gauge55、试验分类Test categories56、配属动力车队Traction fleet57、动力车Powered vehicle58、热力动车Rail car59、牵引单元Traction unit60、电力动车Motor car/coach61、行李动车Motor luggage van62、拖车Trailer63、动车组Train unit(motor train unit)64、驼峰调车机车Hump loco.65、调车机车Shunting loco.66、司机台Driving position67、断续定额Intermittent rating68、技术速度（站间平均速度）Average speed between stops69、旅行速度Schedule speed70、变阻起动末级速度Speed at end of notching71、车钩牵引力Draw-bar pull72、比功率Specific power73、双（三）电枢电动机Double(Triple) motor74、双换热器电动机Double commucator motor75、全封闭式电动机Totally-enclosed motor76、通风式电动机Ventilated motor77、径向通风Radial ventilation78、串励电动机Series motor79、复励电动机Compound motor80、并励电动机Shunt motor81、差复励电动机Differential shunt motor82、他励电动机Separatedly excited motor83、脉流电动机Pulsating current motor84、异步电动机Asynchronous motor85、半电压电动机Half voltage motor86、感应电动机Induction motor87、鼠笼式电动机Squirrel motor88、电动机特性motor performance89、变压器电势Transformer EMF.90、片间平均电压Mean voltage between sagments91、满磁场Full field92、削弱磁场Weakfield93、强迫励磁Forced field94、（磁场）削弱率(field)weakening ratio95、自励磁Self excitation96、预励磁Pre-excitation97、抱轴式电动机Axle-hung motor(nose suspension)98、架承式电动机Frame mounted motor99、电动机抱轴轴承Motor suspension bearing(for nose suspended motor)100、线性电动机Linear motor101、单向励磁系统Single sided field system102、电枢Armature103、边缘效应Edge effect104、磁拉力Magnetic drag105、转差Slip106、线性磁阻电动机Linear reluctance moter107、热力发动机Prime mover108、劈相机、阿尔诺变流机Arno convertor109、通风机组Fan set110、径流通风机/离心通风机Radial flow fan111、轴流通风机Axial flow fan112、自然通风Natural ventilation113、强迫通风Forced ventilation114、照明、采暖与空调Lighting、Heating and Air conditioning 115、集中供电照明Multiple coach lighting116、照明发电机Lighting dynamo117、预热装置Pre-heating118、采暖装置Heating radiator七、转向架侧架Bogie side frame1、轴箱承台Pedestal fournal roof2、上斜悬梁Top oblique chord3、检查孔Inspection hole4、斜楔挡Friction wedge stop5、立柱Column6、轴箱挡Pedestal leg7、制动梁滑槽Brake beam guide8、下悬梁Bottom chord9、弹簧承台Spring seat10、凸脐Spring seat boss11、摇枕孔Bolster opening12、轴箱导框Pedestal八、摇枕及弹簧装置Bolster & spring device1、弹簧托梁Spring plank carrier2、摇枕吊Bolster hanger3、油压减振器Oil damper/Hydraulic damper4、弹簧夹板Spring buttom5、下旁承体Bogie side big base6、胶垫Rubber pad7、滑块Sliding block8、摇枕挡Bolster guide9、下心盘Bogie center plate九、轮对Wheel set1、车轮轮毂 Tire/Tyre2、车轮扣环Retaining ring3、车轮轮心Wheel centre4、整体车轮Solid wheel十、轮对轴箱及弹簧装置Wheel set,journal box andspring device1、后挡板Rear guard2、油卷Lubricating pad3、前枕Front guard4、轴箱盖Box lid5、轴瓦垫Journal bearing wedge6、防尘板dust guard7、车轴皮带轮Axle belf palley8、定位套Locking bush9、紧定螺母Set nut10、防枕板Locking plate11、均衡梁Equalizer12、轴箱托板Journal box tie bar十一、车轴Axle1、轴径前肩Journal front fillet2、轴中央部Axle middle portion3、轴领Collar十二、整体车轮Solid wheel1、辐板Web plate2、轮毂孔Wheel hub bore3、轮毂Hub boss十三、油压减振器Oil damper1、阀瓣Valve clack2、防尘罩Dust protector3、芯阀Key valve十四、轴端发电装置Axle-end drive generator device1、电机托Generator bracket2、调整丝杠Adjusting lead screw3、调整杠杆Adjusting lever十五、转向架基础制动装置Bogie brake rigging1、固定杠杆Dead lever2、拉杆装置调整器Pull rod type slack adjuster3、制动梁拉杆Brake beam pull rod4、移动拉杆Live lever5、闸瓦插销Brake shoe key6、闸瓦间隙调整器Brake shoe slack adjuster7、卡板Catch plate十六、铸造术语Foundry terminology1、铸造Casting,Foundry,Founding2、砂型铸造Sand casting process3、铸件Casting4、毛坯铸件Rough casting5、试制铸件Pilot casting6、铸态铸件As-cast casting7、铸造工艺Foundry technology/Casting process8、铸工Caster/Founder/Foundry worker9、铸造工作者Foundry man10、铸造车间Foundry shop11、铸造分厂Attached foundry/Tied foundry/Captive foundry12、铸造厂Foundry13、一炉A cast/A heat/A melt14、铸焊Cast welding/Flow welding15、铸造三废（废气、废水、废渣）Foundry effluent16、铸造复合材料Cast composite17、铸钢Cast steel18、铸造碳钢Carbon cast steel19、铸造合金钢Alloy cast steel20、铁素体铸钢Ferritic cast steel21、奥氏体铸钢Austenitic cast steel22、超高强度铸钢Ultra high strength cast steel23、耐磨（磨/蚀）铸钢Wear(Heat/Corrosion) resisting cast steel24、石墨钢Graphitic steel25、合成铸铁Synthetic cast iron26、灰铸铁Gray cast iron27、高韧性铸铁High ductility nodular graphite iron28、可锻铸铁（马铁）Malleable cast iron29、珠光体Pearlitic30、白口铸铁White cast iron31、马口铸铁Mottled cast iron32、贝氏体铸铁Bainitic cast iron33、针状铸铁Acicular cast iron34、马氏体铸铁Martensitic cast iron35、索氏体铸铁Sorbitic cast iron36、冷硬（激冷）铸铁Chilled cast iron37、游离碳Free carbon38、三角试块Wedge test-piece39、压铸合金Diecast alloy40、熔炼Melting41、熔池Bath42、熔剂Flux43、除气剂Degassing flux44、覆盖剂Covering flux45、炉料Charge/回炉料Foundry returns46、废金属料Scrap47、炉料计算（配料）Charge calculation48、溶（炉）渣Slag49、沉渣Sludge50、浮渣Cinder ,dross,scum51、碱性渣Basic slag52、酸性渣Acid slag53、造渣Slag forming54、出渣Deslagging55、出渣口Slag hole(notch)56、炉衬Furnace campaign57、耐火粘土Fireclay58、补炉Patching59、炉龄Furnace campaign60、开炉Blowing in,power on61、出炉口Tap hole62、出炉温度Taping temp.63、坩埚炉Crucible furnace64、保温炉Holding furnace65、反射炉Reverberatory furnace66、焦碳Coke67、冲天炉特性曲线Cupola operation chart68、风量Blast volume69、送风强度Blast intensity70、封炉Banking the cupola71、碎铁机Breaker72、型内变质In-mold modification73、浇注Pouring74、浇包Ladle75、压铁Weight76、造型材料Molding material77、原砂/新砂Base sand/New sand/Raw sand78、旧砂Used sand79、回用砂Reconditioned sand80、再生砂Reclaimed sand81、粘结剂Blinder82、煤粉Seacoal83、型砂试验Sand testing84、面砂Facing sand85、单一砂Unit sand86、背砂Backing sand87、湿型砂Green sand88、烂泥砂（麻泥）Loam89、调匀砂Temper sand90、煤粉砂Black sand91、自硬砂No-bake sand92、树脂砂Resin sand93、流态砂Fluid sand94、水泥砂Cement sand95、呋喃树脂Furan resin96、油砂Oil-bonded sand97、原砂试验Base sand testing98、型砂试验仪Sand tester99、湿强度Green strength100、干强度Dry strength101、热湿拉强度Hot wet tensile strength 102、风干强度Air dried strength103、破碎指数Shatter index104、起模性Liftabrlity105、表面安定性Surface stability106、残留强度Retained strength107、溃散性Collapsibility108、落砂性Knockout capability109、砂芯强度Mold hardness110、紧实度Degree of ramming。

G 系列柴油机使用保养说明书

G系列柴油机（改进型）使用保养说明书Operation and Maintenance Manual G Series Diesel Engine (Improved Model)上海柴油机股份有限公司2016年11月Shanghai Diesel Engine Co., Ltd.November of 2016告诫为降低人员受伤和财产损失的可能性，降低柴油机性能恶化及柴油机早期磨损或损坏的可能性，请务必认真遵守本手册中所给出的安全须知和操作规范，尤其是操作警告和注意事项。

本手册中给出的警告部分内容必须严格遵循，否则会引起烧伤、截肢、致残、窒息、其他人身伤害或死亡的可能；注意部分内容是提醒操作者必须按正确的方法操作，以避免柴油机零部件损坏或柴油机性能恶化。

这些“警告”和“注意”并不周全，上海柴油机股份有限公司不可能，也不能给出违反这些安全须知和操作规范而产生的所有潜在的危险后果。

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全国免费服务热线400-820-5656。

产品报修，请务必提供如下信息：柴油机型号柴油机订货号柴油机机号设备采购日期较详细的故障描述联系人地址与电话目录1引言 (1)1.1致用户和操作者 (1)1.2使用范围 (1)1.3用户反映产品质量情况须知 (1)1.4产品售后服务承诺 (1)1.5重要的安全注意事项 (1)1.6柴油机使用注意事项 (3)2柴油机概况 (5)2.1柴油机外形图 (5)2.2柴油机的型号识别 (10)2.3柴油机铭牌 (11)2.4柴油机技术规格 (12)3柴油机安装和连接 (14)3.1柴油机安装 (14)3.2柴油机连接 (14)4柴油机使用 (15)4.1柴油 (15)4.2机油 (15)4.3冷却液 (15)4.4柴油机与工作机械功率的匹配 (15)4.5柴油机起动 (15)4.6柴油机运行 (17)4.7柴油机停车 (17)4.8新柴油机或大修后柴油机的磨合 (17)5柴油机保养 (18)5.1柴油机保养计划 (18)5.2柴油机保养记录 (19)5.3柴油机保养内容及方法 (20)6柴油机故障排除指南 (27)6.1概述 (27)6.2柴油机故障排除 (27)7油机停运后保存 (39)7.1短期停运保存 (39)7.2长期停运保存 (39)电站用柴油机船用柴油机1引言1.1致用户和操作者感谢您选择使用上海柴油机股份有限公司的柴油机产品！G系列柴油机（改进型）是在原G128系列柴油机基础上优化设计及扩行程开发的直喷式中等功率柴油机，有13升和15升2种排列。

key words

9
Knurl 滚压
Institute for Internal Combustion Engines DALIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
KEY WORDS
Piston ring 活塞环
DUT
Compression/Oil ring 气环/油环
Lubricating oil film 润滑油膜
DUT
Total Cylinder Volume (Va) 气缸总容积
Compression Ratio ε 压缩比
5
Institute for Internal Combustion Engines DALIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
KEY WORDS
DUT
Intake, Compression, 进气，压缩，燃烧，排 Combustion, Exhaust, 气 Fuel-air mixture 燃空混合气 Premixed combustion 预混合燃烧 Mixing-controlled combustion 扩散燃烧 Thermal efficiency 热效率 Rotation speed 转速
KEY WORDS
Air filter 空气滤清器
DUT
Inlet/outlet 进口/出口
Pipe/Manifold 管/歧管（支管）
Aftertreatment 后处理器
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) 柴油机氧化催化还原 deNOx NOx后处理器 Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR) 选择性催化还原 NOx adsorber NOx吸附 Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) 柴油机微粒捕集器 Muffler 消声器

内燃机英语

1 往复活塞式内燃机Reciprocating engine2 二冲程内燃机Two-stroke engine3 四冲程内燃机Four-strokeen gine4 汽油机Gasolineengine5 顶置气门汽油机Overhead-valve engine6 侧置气门汽油机Side-valvengine7 汽油喷射式汽油机Gasoline-injection engine8 顶置凸轮轴内燃机Overhead camshaft engine9 柴油机Dieselengine10 煤气机Gas engine11 柴油煤气机Gas-Diesel engine12 多种燃料内燃机Multi-fuel engine13 低转速柴油机Low-speed Dieselengine14 中转速柴油机Medium-speed Diesel engine15 高转速柴油机High-speedDieselengine16 增压柴油机Supercharged Diesel engine17 低增压柴油机Low-supercharged Diesel engine18 中增压柴油机Medium-supercharged Dieselengine19 高增压柴油机High-supercharged Dieselengine20 超高增压柴油机Superhigh supercharged Dieselengine21 废气涡轮增压柴油机Turbocharged Diesel engine22 机械增压柴油机Mechanical pressure-charged engine23 两级增压柴油机Two stage super-charged engine24 复合式柴油机Compound Dieselengine25 十字头式柴油机Crosshead Diesel engine26 船用挂机Outboardengine27 水冷内燃机Water-coolede ngine28 风冷内燃机Air-cooled engine29 单缸内燃机Single-cylindeenrg ine30 多缸内燃机Multi cylinder engine31 卧式内燃机Horizontalengine32 立式内燃机Vertical engine33 斜置式内燃机34 直列式内燃机In-line engine35 对置气缸内燃机Opposed-cylinder-type engine36 对动活塞内燃机Opposed-pistonengine37U 形内燃机U-pistonengine38V 形内燃机V-engine39W 形内燃机W-engine40X 形内燃机X-engine41 星形内燃机Radialengine42 ▽形内燃机▽-Type engine43 工字形内燃机工-type engine44 王字形内燃机王-type engine往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(二)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语45 气缸直径Cylinderbore46 活塞行程Stroke 47 上止点Top dead centre48 下止点Bottom dead centre49 行程缸径比Stroke-borrea tio50 连杆比Ratio between crank radius andconnecting rod length 51 充量Charge52 工质Working medium53 进气行程Suctionstroke54 压缩行程Compression stroke55 膨胀行程Expansionstroke56 排气行程Exhauststroke57 换气-压缩行程（二冲程）Scavenging-compression stroke 58 膨胀-换气行程（二冲程）Expansion-scavenging stroke59 工作循环Working cycle60 扫气过程Scavenging61 直流扫气Uniflowscavenging62 回流扫气Loopscavenging63 横流扫气Crossscavenging64 扫气泵扫气Scavenging by blower65 曲轴箱扫气Crankcase scavenging66 活塞底泵扫气Under-piston pump scavenging67 进气温度Intaketemperature68 进气压力Intakepressure69 进气涡流Intakeswirl70 排气温度Exhaust-gastemperature71 排气背压Back pressure72 排气烟度Exhaust gas opacity73 充量系数Charging efficiency7474 残余废气系数Residual gas ratio75 扫气利用系数Coefficient of scavenging76 扫气漏失系数77 扫气系数Scavengingfactor78 压缩始点压力Compression beginning pressure79 压缩终点压力Compression end pressure80 压缩始点温度Compression beginning temperature81 压缩终点温度Compression end temperature82 最高燃烧温度Maximum combustion temperature83 膨胀终点温度Expansion end temperature84 膨胀终点压力Expansion end pressure85 平均压力增长率Mean rate of pressure increase86 放热速率Rate of heat release87 燃烧速率Burningvelocity88 火焰传播速度Rate of flame propagation89 表面点火Surfaceignition90 放热规律Regularity of heat release91 过量空气系数Excess air factor92 总过量空气系数Total excess air factor 93 气缸工作容积Piston swept volume 94 总排量Engine swept volume95 压缩多变指数Polytropic exponent of compression96 膨胀多变指数Polytropic exponent of expansion97 最高爆发压力Maximum cylinder pressure98 压力升高比Rate of explosion99 初期膨胀比Cut-offr ate100 后期膨胀比Expansionrate101 放热系数Coefficient of heat release102 热平衡Heat balance103 有效功的热当量Mechanical equivalent of heat104 排气热损失Exhaustloss105 冷却热损失Coolingloss106 热平衡余项损失Heat loss as residual term of the heatbalance107 示功图Indicator diagram 108 示功图丰满系数Diagram factor109 扫气过量空气系数Delivery ratio110 空燃比Air-fuerla tio111 扫气效率Scavengingefficiency112 低热值Lower calorificvalue113 空气利用率Rate of air utilization114 热量利用系数Coefficient of heat utilization115 压缩比Compression ratio116 有效压缩比Effective compression ratio117 分子变更系数118 指示功Indicatedwork119 平均指示压力Mean indicated pressure120 指示热效率Indicatedthermalefficiency121 指示热消耗率Indicated specific heat consumption 122 工作过程Working process123 压缩空气瓶容量124 指示燃油消耗率Indicated specific fuel consumption 125 燃油消耗率Specific fuel consumption126 燃油消耗量Fuelconsumption127 热消耗量Heat consumption128 机油消耗率Specific oil consumption129 机油消耗量Oilconsumption130 空气消耗量Airconsumption131 最低燃油消耗率Minimum specific fuel consumption 132 进排气重叠角Valve overlap133 进气持续角Intake valve-opening time134 排气持续角Exhaust valve-opening time 135 点火提前角Advance angle of ignition136 进气提前角Intake advance angle137 进气滞后角Intake retard angle138 排气提前角Exhaustadvanceangle139 排气滞后角Exhaust retard angle140 扫气持续角Scavenging port-opening time 141 燃烧持续期Combustion duration142 滞燃期Ignitiolna g143 显然期Apparent combustion period144 后燃期Afterburning145 早燃Preignition146 回火Back fire147 爆燃Detonation148 工作粗暴Engineroughness149 发火顺序Firingorder150 正时Valve timing往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(三)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语151 燃烧过程Combustion process152 油膜燃烧Film combustion153 空间燃烧Space combustion154 复合燃烧Compound combustion155 混合气形成Mixing156 废气净化Exhaust emission control157 雾化Atomization158 喷油速率Injection rate159 喷油规律Characteristic of fuel delivery160 喷油持续角Fuel injection period161 喷油延迟角Fuel injection lag162 供油提前角Deliverybeginning163 喷油提前角Fuel injection beginning164 换气过程Gas exchangeprocess165 配气相位Valve timing166 残余废气Residualgas167 增压Supercharging168 增压比Pressureratio169 气波增压Comprex supercharging170 增压压力Boostpressure171 废气涡轮增压Turbocharging172 机械增压Mechanicalsupercharging173 复合增压Two stagesupercharging174 定压增压Constantpressure175 脉冲增压Pulseturbocharginsgy stem 176 增压中冷Intercooling177 增压度Degree ofcharging178 增压器出口温度Supercharger outlet temperature179 脉冲进气Impulse suction往复活塞式内燃机英语名词、术语(四)（GB1883 ）序号中文名词、术语英文名词、术语180 时间-面积值/角度-面积值Time area181 积炭Carbon deposit182 结胶Sticking183 敲缸Knock184 气阻Vapour lock185 燃烧室面容比Surface volume ratio186 燃烧室的挤流面积Squish area187 激冷效应Quenching188 燃料当量比Equivalenceratio189 L型燃烧室** Side valve combustion chamber190 楔形燃烧室** Wedge combustion chamber191 盆型燃烧室** Basin type chamber192 F型燃烧室** F-head type combustion chamber193 半球形燃烧室** Semispherical combustion chamber 194 开式燃烧室* Open combustion chamber195 分开式燃烧室* Divided combustion chamber196 半开式燃烧室* Semi-divided combustion chamber 197 涡流室燃烧室* Swirl chamber type198 预燃室燃烧室* Precombustion chamber type199 直接喷射燃烧室* Direct injection type chamber 200* 主燃烧室Main combustion type chamber201* 球型燃烧室Spherical combustion chamber202* ω型燃烧室ωtype chamber203* 盆型燃烧室Dish type chamber204 层状充气Stratificehda rging205 挤压涡流Squishswirl206 螺旋进气道Spiralport207 切向气道Tangentialp ort注释：*指柴油机燃烧室，**指汽油机燃烧室。

轮机英语词汇汇总知识讲解

轮机英语词汇汇总一．职位及工种(Titles and type of work) 1．船长 Captain2．大副 Chief officer3．二副 Second officer4．三副 Third officer5．四副 Fourth officer6．水手长 Boatswain7．水手 Sailor & Seaman8．木匠 Carpenter9．轮机长 Chief engineer10．大管轮 Second engineer11．二管轮 Third engineer12．三管轮 Fourth engineer13．机匠长 Chief motorman15．机匠 Fitter16．加油工 Oil man17．大电 Chief electrician18．电工 Electrician19．车间主任 Workshop director20．工长 Section chief21．班长 Fore man22．钳工 Fitter23．主管工程师 Engineer in charge24．机务&船东 Superintendent &Super &Owner 25．助理工程师 Assistant engineer26．验船师（机）Register27．验船师（船）Surveyor28．油漆工 Painter29．焊工 Welder30．大橱 Chief cook31．物料员 Store keeper32．加油工 Oiler33．机工 Mechanic34．甲板员 Deck man35．电线工 Wireman36．外包工 Laborer37．铸工 Molder38．管子工 Pipe fitter39．起重工 Crane operator二、柴油机类(Words about diesel engine) 1．主机 Main engine2．二冲程柴 Twostrokediesel engine3．四冲程柴 Forestrokediesel engine4．高速柴油 High speed diesel engine5．中速柴油 Middle speed diesel engine6．低速柴油机 Low speed diesel engine7．气缸盖(缸头) Cylinder head8．安全阀 Safety valve9．释放阀 Relief valve10．示功阀 Indicator valve11．示功考克 Indicator cock12．空气起动阀 Air starting valve13．起动空气分配器 Air starting distributor 14．油头(燃油喷射器) Fuel injector15．排气阀 Exhaust valve16．气缸套 Cylinder liner17．冷却水套 Cooling water jacket18．气缸注油器 Cylinder lubricator19．活塞 Piston20．活塞头 Piston crown21．活塞裙 Piston skirt22．活塞销 Piston gudgeon pin24．活塞杆 Piston rod25．活塞环 Piston ring26．活塞环槽 Piston ring groove27．压缩环 (气环) Compression ring28．刮油环 (油环) Oil scraper ring29．减磨令 Wear ring (copper ring)30．伸缩管(水拉管) Telescopic pipe31．活塞冷却空间 Piston cooling space32．填料箱(函) Stuffing box33．填料箱密封环 Sealing ring for Stuffing box 34．填料箱压缩环 Pressure ring for Stuffing box 35．填料箱刮油环 Scraper ring for Stuffing box 36．扫气箱 Scavenging receiver37．扫气口 Scavenging port38．排气口 Exhaust port39．十字头 Cross head40．十字头销 Crosshead pin41．十字头轴承 Crosshead bearing42．十字头滑块 Crosshead slipper43．滑块 Guide shoe44．十字头导板 Crosshead guide plate45．连杆 Connecting rod46．连杆大端轴承 Bid end bearing47．连杆小端轴承 Small end bearing48．曲柄轴承 Crank bearing49．曲柄销 Crank pin50．曲轴 Crank shaft51．曲轴颈 Crank journal52．曲柄臂 Crank web53．拐档差 Crank deflection54．主轴承 Main bearing55．主轴颈 Main journal56．轴承瓦 Bearing bush57．上轴瓦 Upper bearing bush58．上轴瓦 Upper half59．下轴瓦 Lower bearing bush60．下轴瓦 Lower half61．推力轴承 Thrust bearing62．推力块 Thrust pad63．推力盘 Thrust disc64．推力轴 Thrust shaft65．底座 Bed plate66．机架 Frame67．曲柄箱 Crank case68．曲柄箱导门 Crank case door69．曲柄箱防爆门 ExplosionproofCrank case.70．定时齿轮 Timing gear71．飞轮 Flying wheel72．凸轮 Cam73．凸轮轴 Cam shaft74．喷油凸轮 Fuel injection cam75．链条 Chain76．链条轮 Chain wheel77．链条箱 Chain box78．推杆 Push rod79．摇臂 Rocker arm80．排气阀 Exhaust valve81．吸气阀 Suction valve82．排气总管 Exhaust manifold83．进气总管 Air inlet manifold84．高压燃油管 High pressure fuel pipe 85．活塞冷却水管 Piston cooling water pipe 86．法兰 Flange87．贯穿螺栓 Tie bolt (tie rod)88．端盖 Side cover89．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump90．燃油泵 Fuel oil pump91．滑油泵齿轮 Gear for lubricating oil pump 92．燃油泵齿轮 Gear for fuel oil pump93．叶轮 Impeller94．柱塞 Plunger95．导杆 Guide rod96．导套 Sleeve97．滚动轴承 Ball bearing98．滑动轴承 Sliding bearing99．推力滚动轴承 Thrust ball bearing100．推力面 Thrust surface (thrust side) 101．盘车机 Turning gear102．增压器 Turbocharger103．涡轮机(透平) Turbine104．涡轮 Turbine wheel105．涡轮叶片 Turbine blade106．喷嘴 Nozzle107．废气叶轮 Exhaust impeller108．废气叶轮片 Exhaust blade109．废气端 Exhaust side110．透平端 Turbine side111．转子轴 Rotor shaft112．油泵 L.O. pump113．换向装置 Reversing device114．换向伺服期 Reversing servomotor115．压气机(鼓风机) Blower116．膨胀接 Expansion joint117．调速器 governor118．飞重 Flying weight119．补偿阀 Compensate valve120．针阀 Needle valve121．开口销 Cotter pin122．轴封 Shaft seal123．机械密封 Machinery seal124．配电盘 Switchboard125．应急配电盘 Emergency switchboard 126．应急发电机 Emergency generator127．滤器 Filter128．细滤器 Filter129．粗滤器 Strainer130．滑油滤器 L.O. filter131．燃油滤器 F.O. filter132．空气消音器 Air intake silencer132．空气滤器 Air intake filter133．空气瓶 Air bottle (receiver)134．分油机 Separator135．油水分离器 Wateroil separator136．净油机 Purifier137．燃油净化器 F.O. purifier138．二氧化碳 CO2139．二氧化碳瓶 CO2 bottle140．正时齿轮 Timing gear141．导向棒装置 Guide bar142．注油器驱动 Lubricator driver143．链条张紧装置 Chain tightener144．凸轮轴传动轮 Chain wheel on cam shaft 145．中间链链传动轮 Intermediate chain wheel 146．注油器驱动装置 Lubricator drive147．链条张紧装置 Chain tightener148．滚筒导座 Roller guide housing149．应急操纵台 Emergency console150．力矩平衡器 Moment compensator151．主启动阀 Main starting valve152．启动空气分配器 Starting air distributor 153．喷油器 Fuel valve154．扫气系统 Scavenge air system155．安全帽 Safety cap156．机座 Bed plate157．轴向振动减振器 Axial vibration damper158 贯穿螺栓 Arrangement of stay bolt159．示功器驱动装置 Indicator driver160．端罩 End shields161．气缸架 Cylinder frame162 气阀传动装置 Valve operating device163．摇臂润滑油泵 Rocker arm lubricating oil pump 164．摇臂润滑油柜 Rocker arm lubricating tank 165．摇臂润滑滤器 Rocker arm lubricating filter 三、船舶机械类(Words about marinemachinery)1．船用锅炉 Marine boiler2．废气锅炉 Exhaust boiler3．辅锅炉 Donkey boiler4．组合式锅炉 Combined boiler5．火管 Fire tube6．给水管 Feed pipe7．炉膛 Furnace8．炉墙 Furnace wall9．火侧 Fire side10．水侧 Water side11．燃烧器 Oil burner12．安全阀 Safety valve13．上排污 Upper drain14．下排污 Lower drain15．锅炉皮阀 Mounting valve16．水位计 Water level gauge17．压力表 Pressure gauge18．主汽门 Main steam valve19．玻璃管 Glass tube20．空调装置 Airconditioning plant21．制冷装置 Refrigerating plant22．冰机 Fridge. Machine23．空气压缩机 Air compressor24．造水机 Fresh water generator25．板式冷却器 Plate type cooler26．机舱天车 Engine room crane27．天车导轨 Crane rail28．电磁阀 Solenoid valve29．舵机 Steering gear30．舵承 Rudder bearing carrier31．液压缸 Hydraulic cylinder32．废气涡轮增压器 Exhaust gas turbocharger 33．弹簧阀 Spring loaded valve34．冷凝器 Condenser35．分油器 Oil separator36．轴带发电机 Shaft generator37．焚烧炉 Oil burner38．分油机 Separator39．分离筒 Separator bowl40．配水盘装置 Paring disc device41．转数计 Revolution counter42．控制阀 Control valve43．辅机 Auxiliary machinery44．制冷装置 Refrigerating plant45．海水淡化装置 Sea water desalting plant 46．热交换器 Heat exchanger47．船用气瓶 Marine air bottle48．冷风机 Cooler unit49．防水风门 Fire damper50．气密挡板 Gas tight damper51．排气风机 Exhaust fan52．舱室通风机 Cabin fan53．机舱通风机 Engine room fan54．应急鼓风机 Emergency blower四、阀门(Words about valve)1．吸气阀 Suction valve2．排气阀 Exhaust valve3．控制阀 Control valve4．导阀 Pilot valve5．单向阀 Nonreturn valve6．口琴阀 Flap valve7．调节阀 Regulating valve8．液压阀 Hydraulic valve9．膨胀阀 Expansion valve10．给水阀 Feed valve11．排水阀 Discharge valve12．截止阀 Stop valve13．吹泄阀 Blowoff valve14．空气阀 Air valve15．泄放阀 Drain valve16．止回阀 Check valve17．海底阀 Sea valve18．回流阀 Retune valve19．节流阀 Throttle valve20．进气阀 Inlet valve21．出气阀 Outlet valve22．热力阀 Thermal valve23．中央阀 Center valve24．单向阀 One way valve25．二通阀 Two way valve26．三通阀 Triple valve27．旁通阀 Bypass valve28．换向阀 Changeover valve30．溢流阀 Overflow valve31．自闭阀 Selflocking valve32．针阀 Needle valve33．平衡阀 Balance valve34．循环阀 Circulation valve35．主阀 Main valve36．滑阀 Slide valve37．蝶阀 Butterflyvalve38．截止阀 Shutoffvalve39．闸板阀 Gate valve40．通海阀 Sea suction valve41．吹除阀 Sea chest cleaning valve 42．防浪阀 Storm valve43．舱壁阀 Bulkhead valve44．快关阀 Emergency shut off valve 45．呼吸阀 Breather valve五、泵类(Words about pump)1．电动泵 Motordrivenpump2．柱塞泵 Plunger pump3．叶片泵 Vane pump4．回转泵 Rotary pump5．齿轮泵 Gear pump6．往复泵 Reciprocating pump7．离心泵 Centrifugal pump8．真空泵 Vacuum pump9．螺杆泵 Screw pump10．喷射泵 Ejector pump11．冷却泵 Cooling pump12．淡水泵 Fresh water pump13．海水泵 Sea water pump14．给水泵 Feed water pump15．循环泵 Circulating pump16．锅炉给水泵 Boiler feed pump 17．卫生水泵 Sanitary pump18．压载泵 Ballast pump19．舱底泵 Bilge pump20．污水泵 Sewage pump21．燃油泵 Fuel pump22．高压油泵 High pressure pump 23．低压油泵 Low pressure pump 24．驳运泵 Transfer pump25．增压泵 Booster pump26．消防泵 Fire pump27．通用泵 G.S. pump28．旋涡泵 Regenerative29．蜗壳泵 Volute pump30．导叶泵 Diffuser pump31．单联泵 Simplex pump32．双联泵 Duplex pump33．多联泵 Multiplex pump34．活塞泵 Piston pump35．减摇泵 Antirollpump36．总用泵 General service pump 37．应急消防泵 Emergency fire pump 38．扫舱泵 Stripping pump39．货油泵 Cargo oil pump 40．滑油泵 Lubricating oil pump 六、甲板机械类（Deck machinery）1．锚机 Windlass2．锚机轴 Windlass shaft3．刹车带 Brake lining4．离合器 Clutch5．锚链轮 Anchor Chain wheel 6．轴承瓦 Bearing bush7．轴承盖 Bearing cover8．绞揽机 Capstan9．系揽绞车 Mooring winch 10．卷缆车 Reel 个11．钢丝绳 Wire rope12．卡环 Shackle13．缆绳 Mooring rope14．滑轮 Block15．刹车装置 Brake device 16．制链器 Anchor chain stopper 17．舱盖滚轮 Hatch cover wheel 18．舱盖铰链 Hatch cover hinge 19．液压油缸 Hydraulic jack 20．起货机 Cargo winch21．克令吊 Crane22．生活吊 Accommodation crane 23．吊杆 Derrick boom24．桅杆 Mast25．救生艇 Lifeboat26．艇架 Davit27．艇机 Lifeboat capstan 28．救生筏 Life raft29．救生衣 Life jacket七、工具类(Word about tools) 1．车床 Lathe2．刨床 Planing machine3．钻床 Drill machine4．砂轮机 Grinding machine 5．磨床 Grinder6．铣床 Milling machine7．镗床 Boring machine8．手锤 Engineer’s hammer 9．冲击板手 Impact wrench 10．板手 Spanner11．活络板手 Screw spanner12．梅花板手 Ring spanner13．呆扳手 Open spanner15．套筒板手 Socket spanner16．管子钳 Pipe spanner17．螺丝刀 Screw driver18．钢丝钳 Wire pliers19．尖嘴钳 Long nose pliers20．钢锯 Hack saw21．剪刀 Scissors22．手电筒 Torch23．扁铲(凿子) Chisel24．锉刀 File25．丝攻 Thread tap26．板牙 Thread die27．绞刀 Reamer28．刮刀 Scraper29．油石 Oil stone30．拔子(拉马) Puller31．沙布 Emery cloth32．破布 Rag33．卷尺 Measuring tape34．空心冲 Hole punch35．样冲 Joint punch36．油壶 Oil gun37．牛油枪 Grease gun38．手电钻 Handle drill39．钻头 Drill40．液压千斤 Hydraulic jack.41．塞尺 Feeler gauge42．游标卡尺 Vernier caliper43．外卡尺 Outside calipers44．内卡尺 Inside calipers45．螺纹量规 Screw gauge46．桥规 Bridge gauge47．电焊机 Electrode welding machine 48．气焊机 Gas welding machine 49．电焊钳 Electric welding pliers 50．气割枪 Cutting touch51．电焊条 Electric soldering iron 52．电工刀 Electrician knife53．电笔 Test pen54．剥线钳 Wire stripping pliers 55．圆规 Compass56．量表 Gauge57．拐档表 Crank deflection gauge58．深度规 Depth gauge59．千分表 Micrometer gauge60．台虎钳 Table vice61．柴油 Diesel oil62．滑油 Lubricating oil63．液压油 Hydraulic oil64．重油 Heavy oil65．燃油 Fuel oil66．黄油 Grease67．螺栓 Bolt68．螺帽 Nut69．垫片 Washer70．研磨沙 Grinding sand71．研磨膏 Grinding paste72．石棉板 Asbestos plate73．青壳纸 Fish paper74．盘根 Packing75．细钢丝 Thin steel wire76．密封圈 Rubber seal ring77．塑料管 Plastic pipe78．胶皮管 Rubber hose79．电灯泡 Electric bulb80．工作灯 Working lamp81．插头 Electric plug82．插座 Electric socket.93．喷砂机 Sand blaster outfit94．空气马达 Air motor95 油柜清洁器 Tank cleaning machine96．高压冲水机 High pressure hose for hydraulic 97．真空泵 Vacuum pump98．套筒扳手组 Socket wrench set99．深头套筒 Deep socket wrench100．套筒扳手 Box wrench101 单开口扳手 Single open end wrench102．双开口扳手 Double open end wrench103．转矩扳手 Torque wrench104．电动机扳手 Motor wrench105．侧剪钳 Slide cutting plier106．活节钳 Combination plier107．可调快速扳手 Speed wrench108．螺丝起子 Screwdriver109．偏向螺丝起子 Offset screw110．六角螺帽起子组 Hexagon nut drivers set111．手摇钻 Straight hand drill112．手工锯 Hacksaw frame113．锯片 Hacksaw blade114．砂纸 Silicon paper115．手拉葫芦 Chain block116．高压管 High pressure hose117．液压千金顶 Hydraulic jack118．锤子 Hammer119．平錾 Cold chisel120．活动扳手 Adjustable wrench121．螺丝刀 Screwdriver122．侧剪铗 Side cutting hipper123．螺栓剪 Cable cutter124．敲击管钳 Rap wrench125．砂轮 Grinding wheel126．老虎钳 Utility vise127．直梯 Straight ladder128．踏梯 Step ladder129．平台推车 Platform trunk130．搬平车 Gas cylinder carrier131．给油机 Grease lubricator132．强力油泵 Heavy duty pump oiler133．油壶 Oil jag134．麻花钻 Twist drill135．绞刀 Pin reamer136．旋转中心钻 Rolling center137 ．外径测微计 Outside micrometer with counter 138．六折式尺 Sixfolding rule139．弹性带尺 Convex rule140．不锈钢直尺 Stainless steel straight rule 141．平面规 Surface gauge142．平行直角定规 Precision flat try square 143．温度计 Thermometer八、常用物料(Material in common use)1．阀研磨剂 valve grinding compound2．电焊条 steel electrode3．气焊条 Steel welding wire4．细钢丝绳 Seizing wire5．刚焊条 Steel welding rod6．紫铜管 Copper tube7．乙炔气瓶 Acetylene cylinder8．木屑 Saw dust9．水泥 Cement10．石灰 Lime11．帆布手套 Canvas glove12．垫片 Gasket.13．氧气瓶 Oxygen cylinder14．抹布 Rag15．垫隙片 Shim16．电线 Wire17．电缆 Electric cylinder18．电池 Rag19．灯泡 Bulb20．胶布 Insulating tape21．插头 Plug22．插座 Socket23．保险丝 Fuse24．不锈钢 Stainless steel25．铸铁 Cast iron26．黄铜 Brass27．青铜 Bronze28．铝合金 Aluminium alloy29．橡胶 Rubber30．石棉 Asbestus31．低碳钢 Soft steel32．高碳钢 Highcarbon steel33．合金钢 Alloy steel34．木材 Wood35．塑料 Plastic36．球墨铸铁 Nodular iron九、常用紧固件(Part of fixation in common use)1．螺栓 Bolt2．螺丝 Screw3．螺母 Nut4．方头螺栓 Sq head bolt5．埋头螺栓 Counter sunk head screw6．套筒螺栓 Socket head bolt7．定位螺栓 Set screw8．十字接头 Cross9．锥形销 Taper pin10．锁紧螺母 Lock nut11．六角头螺栓 Hex head bolt十、常用油类(Oil in common use)1．汽油 Gas oil2．煤油 Kerosene3．润滑油 Lubricating oil4．汽缸油 Cylinder oil5．压缩机油 Compressor oil6．齿轮油 Gear oil7．机油 Motor oil8．凡士林 Vaseline9．燃油 Fuel oil10．油脂 Grease11．柴油 Diesel oil十一、常用量词(Quantifier in common use) 1．件，只，个 Piece2．条，张，片 Sheet3．双 Pair4．套，组，副 Set.5．盒 Box6．箱 Case7．瓶 Bottle8．米 Meter9．厘米 Centimeter10．毫米 Millimeter11．公斤 Kilogram12．克 Gram13．公升 Liter14．平方 Square15．袋 Bag16．码 Yard17．吨 Ton18．磅 Pound19．加仑 Gallon20．立方 Cubic十二、国家名称(Name of country)1．中国 China2．美国 American3．日本 Japan4．英国 Britain5．法国 France6．德国 German7．韩国 South Korea8．希腊 Greece9．泰国 Thailand10．印度 India11．挪威 Norway12．俄罗斯 Russia13．新加坡 Singapore14．澳大利亚 Australia15．伊朗 Iran16．丹麦 Denmark17．加拿大 Canada18．丹麦 Denmark19．芬兰 Finland20．巴基斯坦 Pakistan21．意大利 Italy十三、常用缩语(abbreviation in common use)1．主机 M/E2．付机 A/E3．阀 V/V4．泵 P/P5．备车 St/by6．完车 F.W.E.7．前进三 FAHD8．微速后退 D.S.Ast9．前进二 H.Ahd10．高压 H.P.11．低压 L.P.12．重油/柴油 H.O./D.O.13．前后 F/A14．左舷 P: port15．无人机舱 UMS16．自动 Auto17．气缸 Cyl18．燃油柜 19．滑油柜 20．沉淀柜 .21．排出 Disc22．吸入 Suct23．柴油柜十四、船用动态常用单词(marine tends word) 1．停靠 Alongside2．接近 Approach3．停泊 Berth4．浮筒 Buoy5．码头 Pier6．港口 Port7．移泊 Shift8．航次 Voyage9．试验 Try10．值班 Watch11．航行 Sail十五、船舶机电设备操作词汇(manipulate of marine equipment) 1．调整 Adjust2．压载 Ballast3．转换 Change over4．清洁 Clean5．联接 Connect6．排放压载 Deballast7．放残水 Drain8．卸载 Off9．油漆 Paint10．接通 Put on11．吹灰 Soot blown12．开始 Start13．顶端 Top14．洗 Wash15．吹 Blow16．检查 Check17．铲 Chip18．断开 Cut out19．排放 Discharge20．除垢 Descale21．检验 Examine22．受载 On(load)23．用泵排出 Pump out24．调整 Set25．停止 Stop26．调驳 Transfer27．加满 Top up十六、故障常用单词(words about malfunction)1．失常的 Abnormal2．烧坏 Burn3．堵塞 Clog4．裂缝 Crack5．变形 Deform6．毁坏 Destroy7．磨损 Wear8．出故障 In trouble9．敲击 Knock10．松开 Loose11．不对中 Misalign12．不足的 Insufficient13．失灵 Out of order14．过载 Overload15．过度磨损 Overworn16．尺寸过大 Oversized17．尺寸过小 Undersized18．振动 Vibrate19．不平的 Uneven20．不准确 Inaccurate21．全船断电 Black out22．出故障 Fail23．关掉 Shut off24．弯曲 Bend25．停车 Break drown26．腐蚀 Corrode27．腐蚀的 Corrosive28．损坏 Damage29．有毛病的 Faulty30．有缺陷的 Defective31．破裂 Fracture32．卡住 Jam33．漏泄 Leak34．漏泄的 Leaky35．融化 Melt36．噪声 Noise37．过热 Overheat38．咬住 Seize39．紧的 Tight40．松的 Loosen41．发现 Find42．停止 Stop43．脏的 Dirty44．油污的 greasy45．失效的 ineffective46．椭圆形的 oval47．点不着火 misfire48．接错 misjoin49．放错 misplace50．老化 perish51．麻点 pit52．凸起 ridge53．划伤 score54．拉痕 scuff十七、保养检修常用词汇(Words about maintain and examination) 1．卡死 Blind2．用卡钳量 Caliper3．关闭 Close4．解体 Disassemble5．安装 Fix6．组装 Box up7．检验 Check8．拆卸 Dismantle9．装配 Fit10．紧固 Fasten11．测量 Gauge12．安装 Install13．测量 Measure14．打开 Open15．上油漆 Paint16．换新 Renew17．上紧 Tighten18．洗 Wash19．涂油脂 Grease20．松开 Loosen21．加油 Oil22．检修 Overhaul23．重新组装 Reassemble 24．测取读数 Take reading 25．拧开螺栓 Unbolt26．抽出 Withdraw十九、时间、季节与方向(Time、Season and Direction) 1．星期一 Monday2．星期二 Tuesday3．星期三 Wednesday4．星期四 Thursday5．星期五 Friday6．星期六 Saturday7．星期日 Sunday8．春季 Spring9．夏季 Summer10．秋季 Autumn11．冬季 Winter12．一月 January13．二月 February14．三月 March15．四月 April16．五月 May17．六月 June18．七月 July19．八月 August20．九月 September21．十月 October22．十一月 November23．十二月 December24．小时 Hour25．分钟 Minute26．秒 Second27．月 Month28．天 Day29．夜 Night30．周 Week31．早晨、上午 Morning32．下午 Afternoon33．傍晚 Evening34．正午 Noon35．今天 Today36．昨天 Yesterday37．明天 Tomorrow38．前天 The day before yesterday 39．后天 The day after tomorrow40．本周 This week41．上周 Last week42．下周 Next week43．九月十日 Sep.10 th44．去年 Last year45．明年 Next year46．上周二 Last Tuesday47．下周一 Next Monday48．东 East49．西 West50．南 South51．北 North52．西北 Northwest53．东北 Northeast54．东南 Southeast55．西南 Southwest56．世纪 Century二十、常用词组（Phrases in common use）1 已无法修复 beyond repair2．尺寸过大 oversized3．反应缓慢 slow function4．不正常 out of order5 不合标准 not up to standard6．不准确 inaccurate7．失去作用 out of function8．轧住 seized9．过热 overheated10 过度磨损 ound excessive wear 11．过度磨掉 worn out12．有一点倾斜 a little bit inclined 13．不正常 abnormal14．因过热而损坏 founDestroyed by overheating15．龟裂 chapped16．塌陷 collapsed17．运转失灵 out of operation18．呈椭圆形 oval19．拉痕 scored20．拉毛 scuffed21．变形 deformed22．松动 loose23．油污 greasy24．肮脏 dirty25．咬住 stuck26．挤压 squeezed27．弯曲 bent28．故障 faulty29．损坏 damaged30．破碎成片 broken to pieces31．部分剥离 partly detached32．部分堵塞 partly choked33．剧烈震动 violent vibration 34．烧坏 burnt35．断裂 fractured36．接地 earthed37．敲缸 knocking38．溶化 melted away39．发现泄漏 leaking ( leaky) 40．冻结 stuck fast by icing41．锈蚀 rusty42．失效 ineffective43．故障 out of order44．结霜 frosted45．丢失 lost46．出故障 in trouble47．失灵 out of order48．失灵 out of action49．不一致 out of operation50．错位 out of place二十一、常用动词和例句(Verb in common use and example)1．借 borrow我要向你借这份图纸I want to borrow the drawing from you.我可以向你借这个手锤吗?May I borrow the hammer from you?2．裂 break阀杆断裂了The valve spindle is broken.滚动轴承断裂成碎片了The ball bearing are broken to pieces.3．加强 build up叶轮应该堆焊 The impeller should be built upby welding.4．烧 burn电动机烧了 The motor is burnt.5．进行 carry out应进行负载试验The load test should be carried out.6．吹 blow管子必须用压缩空气吹清The pipe should be blown with compressed air. 7．铸 cast按原样铸造一个 Cast one piece as per sample. 8．引起 cause损坏是有剧烈振动引起的The damage was caused by violent vibration. 9．倒角 chamfer油槽须倒角 Oil groove is to be chamfered.法兰切削后须倒角The flange should be chamfered after being machined.10．换掉 change把它们换掉,否则我拒绝验收Have them changed, otherwise I refuse to accept them.11．龟裂 chap轴瓦上的白合金龟裂了 The white metal onthe bearing bush is chapped.12．核查 check用桥规核查主轴承 Check the main bearingwith bridge gauge.修理前后要核查拐档差Check the crankshaft deflection before andafter repair.13．清洁 clean装前须清洁 Clean it before fit back.14．阻塞 clog燃油滤器阻塞了 The fuel filter is clogged.15．涂漆 coat用红丹涂管子 Coat the pipe with red lead.泵壳里涂防护漆The pump casing is to be coated with antifouling. 16．完成 complete finish你什么时候能完成修理工作?When can you complete (finish) the repair job? 17．连接 connect把电动机和淡水泵连接起来 Connect the motorwith the fresh water pump18．腐蚀 corrode泵壳和叶轮均有腐蚀 The pump casing andimpeller are corroded.19．盖 cover请把所有卸下的部件盖起来Please cover all the removed parts.20．裂二号缸头裂开穿透至冷却水空间No.2 cylinder head is cracked.21．吊 crane把液压马达吊上岸去修理Crane the hydraulic motor ashore for repair. 22．割 cut把底座割掉Cut off the bedplate.23．损坏 damage滚动轴承严重损坏The ball bearings are seriously damaged.24．脱落 detach白合金部分脱落了The white metal is partly detached.25．查看 detect查看氟里昂系统有无泄漏Detect the Freon system for leakage.26．解体 disassemble解体,清洁并检查高压油泵Disassemble, clean and check the H.P. fuel pump. 27．脱开 disconnect把起动空气管脱开Disconnect the starting air pipe.将发电机与原动机脱开。

润滑油用英语怎么说

润滑油用英语怎么说润滑油是用在各种类型汽车、机械设备上以减少摩擦，保护机械的液体或半固体润滑剂。

那么你知道润滑油用英语怎么说吗?下面跟店铺一起学习润滑油的英语知识吧。

润滑油英语说法lubelubricantlubricating oil润滑油的相关短语加润滑油add lubricating oil ; add lubricant oil ; lubricate ; smarowanie olejem柴油机润滑油 diesel engine lubricating oil ; diesel lubricating oil ; diesel engine Inb ; diesel engine oils润滑油消耗量 oil consumption ; lubricating oil consumption ; lube oil consumption ;钢丝绳石墨润滑油Steel Wire Rope Graphite-Base Grease ; base grease润滑油系统 lubricating oil system ; lubricating system ; lube oil system ; oil system发动机润滑油 engine oil ; engine lubricating oil ; engine lube oil ; Motor oil润滑油的英语例句1. Its nozzle was smeared with some kind of lubricant.它的喷嘴抹了某种润滑油。

2. Gear lubricants may congeal and channel in cold weather.天气冷时齿轮润滑油可能凝结而形成凹槽.3. We shall require more lubrication oil this month.这个月我们需要更多润滑油.4. Oil can reduce friction.润滑油能减小摩擦力.5. A crew of assistants oiled and adjusted the release mechanism until it worked perfectly.一班助手给排放装置加润滑油并作调试，直到其达至理想工作状态。

内燃机术语

往复活塞式内燃机术语2 分类术语2．1 按着火方式分类2．1．1 压燃式内燃机compression ignition engine2．1．2 点燃式内燃机spark ignition engine2．2 按使用燃料种类分类2．2．1 汽油机gasoline engine (petrol engine)2．2．2 柴油机 diesel engine2．2．3 气体燃料内燃机 gas-fuel engine2．2．4 煤气机 gas engine2．2．5 液化石油气内燃机 liquefied-petroleum-gas engine2．2．6 柴油煤气机 diesel—gas engine2．2．7 多种燃料内燃机 multifuel engine2．3按冷却方式分类2．3．1 水冷式内燃机 water-cooled engine2．3．2 风冷式内燃机 air-cooled engine2．3．3 油冷式内燃机 oil-cooled engine2．4 按进气状态分类2．4．1 非增压内燃机naturally aspirated engine (non-supercharged engine) 2．4．2 增压内燃机 supercharged engine2．5 按燃料供给方式分类2．5．1 化油器式内燃机 carburetter engine2．5．2 汽油喷射式内燃机 gasoline-injection engine2．5．3 直接喷射式柴油机 direct injection engine2．5．4 间接喷射式柴油机 indirect-injection engine2．6 按冲程数分类2．6．1 二冲程内燃机 two-stroke engine2．6．2 四冲程内燃机 four-stroke engine2．7 按活塞与连杆连接方式分类2．7．1 筒形活塞柴油机 trunk-piston engine2．7．2 十字头式柴油机 crosshead engine2．8 按速度分类2．8．1 低速柴油机 low-speed diesel engine2．8．2 中速柴油机 medium-speed diesel engine2．8．3 高速柴油机 high—speed diesel engine2．9 按气缸数及布置分类2．9．1 单缸内燃机 single—cylinder engine2．9．2 多缸内燃机 multi-cylinder engine2．9．3 对动活塞式内燃机 opposed-piston engine2．9．4 对置气缸式内燃机 opposed—cylinder engine2．9．5 立式内燃机 vertical engine2．9．6 斜置式内燃机 inclined engine2．9．7 卧式内燃机 horizontal engine2．9．8 直列式内燃机 in-1ine engine2．9．9 V形内燃机 Vee-engine2．9．10 W形内燃机 W-engine2．9．11 星形内燃机 radial engine2．10 按用途分类2．10．1 固定式内燃机 stationary engine2．10．2 移动式内燃机 portable engine2．10．3 船用内燃机 marine engine2．10．3．1 主机main engine2．10．3．2 辅机 subsidiary engine2．10．4 舷外挂机 outboard engine2．10．5 发电用内燃机genset engine (generating set engine，dynamo engine) 2．10．6 农用内燃机 agricultural engine2．10．7 拖拉机用内燃机 tractor engine2．10．8 机车用内燃机railway engine(rail traction engine)2．10．9 汽车用内燃机 automobile engine2．10．10 工程机械用内燃机 constructional equipment engine2．10．11 坦克用内燃机 tank engine2．10．12 摩托车用内燃饥 motorcycle engine2．10．13 航模内燃饥 model airplane engine3 工作过程术语3．1 一般概念3．1．1 工作过程 working process3．1．2 工作循环 working cycle3．1．3 热力循环 thermodynamic cycle3．1．4 工质 working medium3．1．5 充量 charge3．1．6 理想循环 ideal cycle3．1．7 定压循环 constant pressure cycle3．1．8 定容循环 constant volume cycle3．1．9 混合循环 mixed cycle3．1．10 实际循环 practical cycle3．1．11 四冲程循环 four-stroke cycle3．1．12 二冲程循环 two-stroke cycle3．1．13 进气行程 suction stroke3．1．14 压缩行程 compression stroke3．1．15 膨胀行程 expansion stroke3．1．16 排气行程 exhaust stroke3．1．17 换气—压缩行程 exchange-compression stroke3．1．18 膨胀—换气行程 expansion—exchange stroke3．1．19 发火次序 firing order3．1．20 定时(正时) timing3．2 结构参数3．2．1 气缸直径d cylinder bore …………………(D)3．2．2 止点 DC dead centre3．2．3 上止点 TDC top dead centre3．2．4 下止点 BDC bottom dead centre3．2．5 活塞行程 S piston stroke3．2．6 行程缸径比 S ／d stroke-bore ratio3．2．7 气缸数 i number of cylinders3．2．8 活塞面积A piston area ……………….()p F 3．2．9 连杆长度 connecting rod length3．2．10 曲柄半径 crank radius3．2．11 曲柄连杆比 λ crank radius-connecting rod length ratio3．2．12 气缸容积 workingmedium volume c V 3．2．13 气缸工作容积(活塞排量) piston swept volume …………….(V )s V h 3．2．14 气缸有效工作容积 effective piston swept volume3．2．15 气缸余隙容积（燃烧室总容积、压缩室容积）V cylinder clearance volumecc 3．2．16 气缸最大容积 V maximum cylinder volume ……….（V ）t a 3．2．17 气缸有效容积 V effective cylinder volumete 3．2．18 内燃机排量 V engine swept volume ．st 3．2．19 内燃机气缸总容积 engine cylinder volumett V 3．2．20 余隙高度(顶隙) top clearance3．2．21 喷嘴端伸出量 injector protrusion3．3 进气过程3．3．1 进气过程intake process3．3．2 进气温度 intake temperature ………（t 或T ）a a 3．3．3 进气压力 intake pressure …………（）d p a p 3．3．4 自然吸气 natural aspiration3．3．5 分层充气 stratified charge3．3．6 充量系数(充气效率、容积效率) C φ volumetric efficiency ……（v η）3．3．7 进气提前角 in θ intake advance angle3．3．8 进气迟后角 il θ intake lag angle3．3．9 进气持续角 i θ∆ intake duration angle3．3．10 进气涡流 intake swirl3．3．11 进气紊流 intake turbulance3．3．12 螺旋进气道进气 helical duct intake3．3．13 切向进气道进气 tangential duct intake3．3．14 导流屏进气 masked inlet valve intake3．3．15 时面值 time —area valvet f ∆⋅3．3．16 气门升程 h valve liftv 3．3．17 气口开度 scavenging port area3．3．18 换气过程 gas exchange process3．3．19 扫气过程 scavenging process3．3．20 扫气持续期s θ∆ scavenging duration3．3．21 扫气压力 scavenging pressure3．3．22 直流扫气 uniflow scavenging3．3．23 回流扫气 loop scavenging (reverse scavenging)3．3．24 横流扫气 cross scavenging (crossflow scavenging)3．3．25 曲轴箱扫气crankcase scavenging3．3．26 扫气泵扫气 scavenging by blower3．3．27 活塞底泵扫气 piston underside pump scavenging3．3．28 排气脉冲扫气 exhaust-pulse scavenging3．3．29 扫气系数 coefficient of scavenging3．3．30 扫气利用系数 trapping efficiency (scavenging utilization efficiency)3．3．31 扫气效率 scavenging efficiency3．3．32 扫气漏失系数 coefficient of scavenging loss3．3．33 给气比(扫气过量空气系数) delivery ratio (excess air factor of scavenging)3．3．34 配气定时 valve timing3．3．35 气门重叠 valve overlap3．3．36 涡流比 swirl rate3．4 压缩过程3．4．1 压缩过程 compression process3．4．2 压缩压力 compression pressure3．4．3 压缩始点压力 compression beginning pressure3．4．4 压缩始点温度compression beginning temperature3．4．5 压缩终点压力compression end pressure without combustion3．4．6 压缩终点温度compression end temperature without combustion3．4．7 喷油始点压缩压力 fuel injection starting compression pressure3．4．8 着火始点压缩压力 ignition starting compression pressure3．4．9 压力升高比 ratio of pressure rise3．4．10 压缩比(几何压缩比) compression ratio3．4．11 有效压缩比 effective compression ratio3．4．12 压缩多变指数 polytropic index of compression3．4．13 压缩涡流 compression swirl3．5 喷油过程3．5．1 喷油过程 injection process3．5．2 直接喷射 direct injection3．5．3 间接喷射 indirect injection3．5．4 电控喷射 electronic-controlled injection3．5．5 供油提前角(供油定时) fuel supply advance angle3．5．6 喷油提前角(喷油定时) fuel injection advance angle (injection timing) 3．5．7 喷油延迟角 injection lag3．5．8 喷油持续角 injection duration3．5．9 喷孔面积 nozzle hole area3．5．10 喷孔总面积total area of nozzle holes3．5．11 喷孔长径比ratio of nozzle hole length-nozzle hole diameter 3．5．12 喷孔锥体 nozzle hole cone3．5．13 喷孔锥角（喷孔夹角） nozzle hole cone angle3．5．14 针阀升程 needle lift3．5．15 针阀压力室容积 sac volume3．5．16 出油阀卸载容积retraction volume of delivery valve3．5．17 喷油压力injection pressure3．5．18 启喷压力 injection starting pressure3．5．19 喷油峰值压力 injection peak pressure3．5．20 喷油背压 injection back pressure3．5．21 喷注spray3．5．22 喷注贯穿距离 spray penetration3．5．23 喷注贯穿规律 spray penetration curve3．5．24 喷注贯穿率 spray penetration ratio3．5．25 循环喷油量fuel delivery per cycle per cylinder3．5．26 最小循环喷油量minimum delivery per cycle per cylinder3．5．27 供油率fuel supply rate3．5．28 喷油率 fuel injection rate3．5．29 累计喷油率(喷油百分率) accumulated fuel delivery rate3．5．30 供油规律fuel supply rate curve3．5．31 喷油规律fuel injection rate curve3．5．32 喷油泵负荷特性fuel delivery curve al constant speed3．5．33 喷油泵速度特性fuel delivery curve al fixed rack3．5．34 喷嘴流通特性 nozzle flow characteristic3．5．35 喷嘴液力特性(喷嘴静力特性) nozzle hydrokinetic characteristics 3．5．36 喷雾特性 spray characteristic3．5．37 喷雾锥角 spray cone angle3．5．38 雾化 atomization3．5．39 索特平均直径sauter mean diameter (SMD)3．5．40 异常喷油 abnormal injection3．5．41 二次喷油 secondary injection3．5．42 间断喷油 intermittent injection3．5．43 波动喷油 fluctuating injection3．5．44 不齐喷油 disorder injection3．5．45 喷油滴漏 nozzle dribbling3．6混合气形成3．6．1 混合气形成过程 mixture formation process3．6．2 混合气浓度 mixture concentration3．6．3 混合比mixture ratio3．6．4 体积混合比 volumetric mixture ratio3．6．5 摩尔混合比mole mixture ratio3．6．6 理论混合比 theoretical mixture ratio3．6．7 理论混合气 theoretical mixture gas3．6．8 可燃混合气 combustible mixture gas3．6．9 空燃比(燃烧空燃比) air-fuel ratio3．6．10 总空燃比 total air-fuel ratio3．6．11 燃空当量比 stoichiometrical fuel-air ratio3．6．12 过量空气系数(燃烧过量空气系数。

奔驰历史及零件编码部分

A
5 Digit: 车体/引擎型式代码
A= petrol engine model汽油车 B=diesel-powered vehicle 柴油车
D=petrol engine model 4-matic汽油车，4驱
E=diesel-powered 4-matic 柴油车，4驱 Starting with model 210 the 4 number of model (from of body coded
Vehicle Data 车辆数据
Chassis Number 底盘号
Example: WDB 124 022 1 A XXXXXX
WDB 124 022 1 B XXXXXX
WDB 124 022 1 C XXXXXX
从000001到999999 从000001到999999 左舵
从000001到999999 超过1个999999后，依次递增左舵
Pullman 加长豪华型 Not overlaid
Vehicle Data 车辆数据
Passenger car ID number Type 210 210轿车底盘号
7 Sport Coupe 8 Pullman LWB-Long wheelbase
70-75 76-79
四驱
部分AMG除外
其他驱动形式
Station wagon 旅行车 Coupe 跑车 Cabriolet/Roadster 可折叠顶蓬跑车 Limousin chassis not complete 底盘带部分车身 Long Limousin chassis not complete长轴距底盘带部分车身 Sport Coupe 运动型跑车
Factory Sindelfingen Factory Bremen Factory Rastatt Factory Graz, Austria Serial number 生产流水号

汽车专业英语图解教程 unit8-unit13

(a)
(b)
(c)
图8.7 Head for pintle type nozzle valve轴针式喷油嘴针阀头部形状
a）inverted cone倒锥 b）cylinder圆柱 c）顺锥
图8.8 Delivery valve 出油阀偶件
1.outtlet valve seat出油阀座;2. delivery valve出油阀;3. seal cone 密封锥面; 4.bleed ring减压环带 5.cross-shape slotting十字切槽
图8.11 SA- timing advancer SA型喷油提前器
a) advance unit提前器结构 b) initial position起始位置 c) ultimate position 终了位置
1.shield cover防护罩; 2.advancer spring提前器弹簧; 3.driving pin传动销; 4.actuating disc主动盘; 5.drive pawl传动爪; 6. actuating disc flange 主动盘凸缘;7. driving pin传动销 ; 8. flyweight novikov surface飞锤圆弧面;9. flyweight飞锤; 10.injection pump camshaft喷油泵凸轮轴; 11.flyweight pin飞锤销; 12. Driven disc从动盘
1.fuel inlet 进油口; 2 pressure － regulator vavle.调压阀; 3. spped governor shaft调速器轴; 4. speed governor sleeve调速套筒; 5. fuel drain hole泄油量孔; 6. fuel control sleeve油量调节套筒; 7. pump housing泵体; 8.injection advancer piston喷油提前器活塞; 9. spring弹簧; 10. sliding vane feed pump滑片式输油泵

汽车零部件专业英语

Cablecar缆车Cableclip缆索夹Cableconduit缆索管道；电缆管道Cablelayingequipment电缆敷设设备Cablereeltrailer电缆卷筒挂车Cableshoe电缆终端套管Cablesupport缆索托架Cableterminal电缆接头Cablocktell-tale驾驶室锁止警报灯Cabover平头型〔卡车〕Caboverengine平头驾驶室Cab-over-enginetruck平头式货车Cab-over-enginebus平头式客车Cabovertypebody平头型车身Cabriolet活顶轿车Cabseat司机座Cabtire汽车轮胎Cabtypebody箱形车身Cabwarning汽车〔车内〕报警器Cadmiumplating镀镉Cage保持架1/23Calciumcarbide碳货钙，电石Calibrateddial校准刻度盘Calibration校正；标定Caliper卡钳，卡尺，圆规；制动钳Caliperdiscbrake钳盘式制动器Caliperga(u)gexxCaliperplate制动钳板CaliperrulexxCalipertypebrake钳盘式制动器Calorie卡〔热量单位〕Calorificvalue发热量，热值Cam凸轮Camandlevertypesteeringgear蜗杆曲柄销式转向机构Camandpistontypehydraulicdamper凸轮活塞型液力减振器Camangle凸轮转角Cambearer凸轮支座Camber车轮外倾Camberangle车轮外倾角Camberedaxle有外倾车轮的轮轴Camberga(u)ge〔汽车前轮〕外倾角测定器Camberofspring板弹簧拱度2/23Camberstiffness外倾刚度Camberstiffnesscoefficient外倾刚度系数Camberthrust外倾推力Cambowl凸轮滚轮Cambrake凸轮xx式制动器Camcontrolledslide凸轮控制滑块Camdisc盘形凸轮Cam-drivenfuelpump凸轮驱动燃油泵Camgrinding凸轮磨削Cam-groundpiston椭圆形活塞Camion重型载货汽车，军用卡车Camlobecrest凸轮凸脊Camofdoublelift双级凸轮Camouflage伪装，迷彩Campstool折椅Camring凸轮环；〔叶片泵的〕定子Camroller凸轮滚轮Camshaft凸轮轴Camshaftbearing凸轮轴轴承Camshaftphasinggear凸轮轴正时齿轮Camshaftsprocket凸轮轴链轮3/23Camshaftthrustwasher凸轮轴止推垫圈Camshafttiminggear凸轮轴正时齿轮Camshaftturninglathe凸轮轴车床Can罐；罩，金属管壳Canibalize汽车拆件拼装Canopy顶盖；顶篷Canopyexpresstruck有篷的载货汽车Canopytop盖式车顶Cantileverspring悬臂弹簧Canvasedlightvan帆布篷轻型货车Canvastop帆布车顶Cap帽；盖Capacitortypeflasher电容式闪光器Capacity容量Capacityfactor〔液力变矩器〕能容系数Capacityofstoragebattery蓄电池容量Capacityoftank油箱容量Capechisel扁尖凿Capnut盖螺母Cappacking盖衬垫Capscrew有头螺灯4/23Capstan主动轴，主动轮；纹盘，起锚机Capstannut槽形螺母，带孔螺母Capstanwinch绞盘Capsule囊；小容器；膜盒；膜片式传感器Car汽车；轿车Caravan大篷车；车队Carbarn车库Carbody车身Carbon碳，积碳Carbonbrush碳刷Carbonbrushholder碳刷架Carbondeposit积碳；碳质沉淀物Carbondioxide二氧货碳Carbonelectrode碳精电极Carbonfibre碳纤维Carbonisation碳化作用Carbonitriding碳氨共渗；气体氰化Carbonization碳化，渗碳；干馏Carbonizedsilicon碳货硅，金刚砂Carbonizedtungsten一氧化碳Carbonpileregulator碳堆式调节器5/23Carbon-piletypecurrentregulator碳堆式电流调节器Carbonremover除积碳器Carbonscraper积碳刮除器Carbonsteel碳钢Carburet(t)er化油器，汽化器Carburetion汽化Carburettedair增碳空气Carburetterairfunnel化油器空气进气喉管Carburetterbody化油器体Carburetterchoke化油器阻风门Carburetterengine化油器式发动机Carburetterflange化油器突缘Carburetterpipewrench化油器管扳手Carburizingbygas气体渗碳Carcass胎体，骨架Carcontainer汽车用集装箱Carcooler汽车冷气设备Cardan万向接头Cardandrivexx传动CardanjointxxCardanshaftxx传动轴6/23Carfloor汽车底板Carga(u)ge汽车标准［规格，尺寸］Cargofloor货箱底板Cargogear〔货物〕装卸设备Cargohandling货物装卸Cargohatch货舱口Cargoliner定期运货汽车Cargondola活底高边货车，无盖货车Cargoroom货舱Cargotruck载货卡车Carheater汽车暖风装置Carindustry汽车工业Carlift举车器Carpolish汽车抛光腊Carport敞开的汽画间；停车场Carradio汽车收音机Carrige车辆，铁路客车；刀架，溜板，滑动架Cartrim汽车装饰件Cartrunk汽车行李箱Carwasher洗车装置Carwax车蜡7/23Cascade级联；xxCascadecontrol级联控制Case-hardenedsteel外表硬化钢Casehardening外表硬化Casehardeningsteel渗碳钢Casing外壳Castellatednut槽式螺母Caster(美)主销后倾，主销后倾距；脚轮Casterangle主销后倾角Castercamberga(u)ge主销后倾和前轮外倾角测量仪Castereffectofsteering主销后倾的转向效应Casting铸件；铸造Castingmachineofcylinders缸套浇铸机Castingmo(u)ld铸型Castingwheel铸造车轮Castiron铸铁Castironliner铸铁缸套Castlenut槽顶螺母Caststeel铸钢Caststeelspokewheel辐条式铸钢轮辋Catalyst催化剂，触媒8/23Catalyticconverter催化转化器Catalyticcracking催化裂化Caterpillardrive履带驱动Cat'seye小型反光镜Cattletransporttruck牲畜运输车Cautionplate〔汽车或机器上的〕标牌C-clampC形夹Ceilinglamp顶灯Cellconnector电池连接条Cellcover电池盖Cellophane玻璃纸；胶膜Cement水泥；黏结剂Cementation渗碳Cementationflux渗碳剂Cementedcarbidetool硬质合金刀具Cementedsteel渗碳钢Centerbearing中心轴承Centerbolt中心螺栓Centerbrake中央制动器Centerconsole中央控制台Centerdrill中心xx9/23Centerelectrode中心电极Centerga(u)ge定中心规Centergear〔行星齿轮机构的〕中心轮，太阳轮Centerholegrinder中心孔磨床Centeringball〔万向节〕定心钢球Centeringdevice定中心装置Centeringmachine打中心孔机Centerlathe普通车床Centerlessgrindingmachine无心磨床Centerofairpressure风压中心Centerofgravity重心Centerofgyration回转中心Centerofmass质量中心Centerofoscillation振荡中心Centeroftirecontact轮胎接地中心Centerpillar中柱Centerpole中心极；中心柱Centerpost中柱Centrifugalclutch离心式离合器Centrifugalforce离心力Centrifugalgovernor离心式调速器10/23Centrifugalignitionadvancer离心式点火提前器Centrifugalmoment离心力矩Centrifugaloilfilter离心式机油滤清器Centrifugalpump离心泵Centrifugalpumprunner离心泵叶轮Centrifugalsparkadvancer离心提前机构Centrifugalspeedgovernor离心式调速器Centrifugalsupercharger离心式增压器Centrifugalweight离心重块，离心重锤[D]摘抄于?英汉日汽车工程词曲? ——王秉愚、陈炎编写Damper减振器，阻尼器Damperoil减振起油Damperpin减振器销Damping衰减；缓冲Dashboard仪表板，前围板Dashpot缓冲简Data数据；资料Datamemorysystem数据存储系统Deadener消声材料Deadload自重Deadweight自重；净重11/23Debonder〔制动器蹄片〕剥离器Deburringmachine去毛刺机Decontaminationkit去除沾染包Decorativemoulding装饰线条Decorativerib〔轮胎侧〕装饰线Decorativesidewall装饰胎侧Defective不合格的，故障的；次品DefectometerxxDeflection挠度；挠曲；Deflectionratio〔轮胎〕下沉率Defogger除雾器Deformation变形Deformedsteel异型钢Defroster除霜器，除霜装置Defrostercontrol除霜器控制器Defrosterdiffusor除霜器扩散口Degauss去磁，退磁Degreasing脱脂；去油Degreasingunit脱脂装置；除油装置12/23Degreeoffreedom自由度Degreeofpurity纯洁度Degreeofundersteer缺乏转向度Degreeofuniformity均匀度De-icer除冰器；防冻器Delayedexplosion延迟爆发Delayedlevellingvalve滞后水平控制阀Deling拆下衬片Deliverypipe供油管Deliveryplug供油塞Deliveryrate供油速度Deliveryvalve供油阀Deltametal 合δ金；δ黄铜；耐蚀高强度黄铜Demister除雾器，除霜装置Demountable可拆卸的Demountablerim可拆卸轮辋Demountablerimwheel组装轮辋式车轮Densifiedlaminatedwood紧压胶合板Densimeter密度计Density密度Departureangle离去角13/23Depolarize退极；去极Depthga(u)ge深度尺；深度规Depthofcamber翘曲高度Depthofcut切削xxDepthofthread螺纹深度Derricktransporter井架运输车Derusting去锈；除锈Descaling除垢Descendingpipe竖管道Detachable可拆卸的Detachableenginemounting可拆发动机支架Detachablegate可拆式货箱板Detachablehead可拆式汽缸盖Detachablerim可拆式轮辋Detachabletruckbodytop可卸式车身顶盖Detectingtestofvehicle车辆检测Detectingteststation检测站Detergent洗涤剂；去垢剂Deterministicprocess确定性过程Detonation爆震Deviation偏差14/23Diagnosis诊断Diaphragm薄片；薄膜Diaphragmfuelpump膜片式燃油泵Diaphragmlink膜片联臂Diaphragmlinklever膜片联臂杆Diaphragmpump膜片泵Diaphragmspring膜片弹簧Diaphragmspringclutch膜片弹簧离合器Diaphragmtypeclutchspring膜片式离合器弹簧Diaphragmtypepneumaticspring膜片空气弹簧Diaphragmvalve膜片阀Die模〔冲模；硬模〕；板牙Diecastalloy压铸合金Diecastingmachine压铸机Dieforging模锻Diesel柴油(发动)机Dieselengine柴油机Dieselenginewithaircell空气室式柴油机Dieselenginewithturbulenceairchamber涡流室式柴油机Dieselindex柴油指数；狄赛尔指数Dieselsmoke柴油机排烟15/23Differential差速器Differentialantiskidsensor差速防滑传感器Differentialbevelpinion差速器小锥齿轮Differentialbrake差动制动器Differentialcase差速器壳Digitalinclinometer数字测斜仪Digtalmeasuringsystem数字测量系统Digitalreadoutdisplay数字显示Digitaltoolmeasuringmicroscope数字式工具显微镜Dimheadlights前照灯近光Diminishlightswitch减光开关Dimmerpushbutton变光按钮Dimmerswitch前照灯变光开关DINengineoutputDIN标准发动机功率Diode二极管Dipcoating浸漆Dippaintinginstallation浸漆设备Dipper油匙；铸勺，铸桶；xxDipsoldering浸焊Dipstick量油尺Dipswitch变光开关16/23Dipswitchpedal脚踏变光开关Directgear直接档Directinjection直接喷射Directinjectiondieselengine直接喷射式柴油机Directionalsignal方[转]向信号臂Directionalsignallight方[转]向信号灯Directionaltreadpattern 〔胎面〕定向花纹Directionindicator转向指示器Directionindicatorarm转向指示器臂Directionindicatorcontrol 转向指示器操纵件Directionindicatorcontrollever 转向指示器控制杆Directionindicatorlamp转向指示灯Directionindicatorpilotlight 转向指示表板灯Directionindicatorswitch转向指示灯开关Directionofflow 流向Directionofmotion 运动方向Directionofrotation 转动方向；旋转方向Directionpost路标；路牌Dirt夹渣；污垢；气泡Dirtroad天然土路Disabledvehicle损坏车辆17/23Disassemble拆卸；分割Disc盘Discbearing盘式制动器Discbrakewithfixedcaliper定钳盘式制动器Discbrakewithfloatingcaliper从动盘摩擦衬片Discharge放电；流出Dischargebulb放电管Dischargecurve放电曲线Dischargevalve排气阀；放泄阀Dischargingairpipe放气管Discsandingmachine盘式磨光机Discspring圆盘型阻尼器Disctypefilter盘式滤清器Disctypehorn盆形电喇叭Disengage脱开，〔离合器〕别离Dismantling拆卸，撤除Displacer换置器Displacer-con-nectingrod换置器连杆Displacerrod换置器杆Displaceryoke换置器叉Distancega(u)ge测距仪；测距规18/23Distanceofshaftcenters轴心距Distancepiece隔圈Distillate蒸馏生成物，馏出物Distillatedwater蒸馏水DoubledoorxxDoubleendedspanner双手扳手Double-enginedrive双发动机驱动Doublejointedpropellershaft双万向节传动轴Double-lineengine双列发动机Doubleoverheadcamshaft双顶置凸轮轴Doublephaeton双排座活顶旅行车Double-pistonengine对置活塞式发动机Doublepistontypevauumservobrake双活塞真空助力制动器Doubleplateclutch双盘离合器Doublereductionrearaxle两级减速后轴Doublereductionfinaldrive双级主减速器Doubleseatvalve双座阀Doubleshackle双吊耳Doublethroatcarburetor 双腔化油器Doubletire双轮胎Doubletubeframe双管式车架19/23Doubleuniversaljoint双万向节Doublewidthspurwheel加宽直齿轮Down-draughttypecarburetor下吸式化油器Dowelpin定位销Downcuttingmilling顺铣，向下铣切，同向铣切Downdraftcarburetor 下吸式化油器Downstroke向下行程Downtime停驶时间；修理时间Downwardvalveopening下开式气门口Dragforce牵引阻力Draglink直拉杆，转向纵拉杆Dragrod拉杆Drainhose排水管Drainoff放水[放油，放气]Drainoil放油孔Drainpan放油盆Drainpipe排出管Drainpipebracket排出管支架Drainplug排出螺塞Drainvalve排放阀Draught通风；牵引；绘图20/23Driveshaft传动轴Drivetrain驱动机构；传动系Drivezone〔车内〕驾驶区Drivingbeamtelltale远光信号灯Drivingadhesioncoefficient驱动附着系数Drivingchain传动链条Drivingdog传动夹头；传动止块Drivingforce驱动力Drivingforcecoefficient驱动力系数Drivinggear主动齿轮；传动机构；行走装置Drivinglicence驾驶许可证，驾驶执照Drivingpinion主动小齿轮Drivingpulley主动皮带轮Drivingshaft主动轴Drivingstiffness驱动刚度Drivingstiffnesscoefficient驱动刚度系数Drivingsystem驱动系统Drivingtorque驱动力矩Drivingwheel驱动轮Droparm转向臂Drophead折叠式xx；活顶21/23Dropheadcoupe折叠式逢顶轿车Droppoint滴点Dropsidegatebody三面开货箱Dropsidetruck侧卸卡车Dropsidewindow下落式侧窗Drybattery干电池Dryclutch干式离合器Drycylinderliner干式缸套Dryingbooth枯燥室Dryliner干式气缸套Drylubrication干润滑，固体润滑Drymultiplediscclutch干式多片离合器Dryplainbearing干滑动轴承Drysinglediscclutch干式单片离合器Dry-sumplubrication干油池式润滑Dualcircuitbrakesystem双回路制动系Dualdrive双驱动Dualignition双点火系Dual-linebrakingsystem双管[线]路制动系Dwellangle闭合角Dwellofcam〔凸轮曲线〕同心局部22/23Dynaflowtransmission戴那伏洛变速器Dynamicbalance动平衡Dynamicbalancetest动平衡试验Dynamicbalancingmachine动平衡机Dynamicindex动力指数Dynamicloadedradius动负荷半径Dynamicpressure动压力Dynamicstability动力稳定性Dynamictest动态试验Dynamicunbalance动不平衡度Dynamo发电机；直流发电机Dynamobracket发电机支架Dynamocut-offindicatorlamp发电机停止充电指示灯Dynamometertest测功器试验Dynamooil电机油Dynamopulley发电机皮带轮23/23。

轮机英语大证考试真题44期

轮机英语第44期考试题一、单项选择题1.The diesel engine is similar to the gasoline engine in that ______.A.both of them are ignited by compressed airB.both of them are the form of external combustion enginesC.both of them have spark plugsD.the power is developed by the piston in the cylinder2.The ratio of the brake horsepower to the indicated horsepower of a diesel engine is its ______.A. thermal efficiencyB. mechanical efficiencyC. brake thermal efficiencyD. volumetric efficiency3. The ignition quality of diesel fuel oil is indicated by the ______.A. specific gravityB. cetane numberC. viscosityD. calorific value4. How are the pressure and temperature affected in a diesel engine cylinder during compression?A. Pressure and temperature decreaseB. Pressure and temperature increaseC. Pressure decreases and temperature increasesD. Pressure increases and temperature decreases5. An aluminum piston has lower inertia and higher coefficient of ______compared to that of cast iron.A. viscosityB. twisting momentsC. inertiaD. thermal expansion6. Each cylinder is closed at the top by a ______ , made of a special heat-resistant steel.A. cylinder linerB. coupling flangeC. cylinder coverD. piston crown7. The amount of fuel delivered by a helical plunger type fuel injection pump is controlled by ______.A. rotation of the pump plungerB. rotation of the pump barrelC. varying the pump supply pressureD. varying the pump return pressure8. In a diesel engine lube oil system, which of the following parts should be lubricated first?A. Camshaft bearingsB. Main bearingsC. Piston crownsD. Cylinder walls9. Sacrificial zinc anodes are used on the saltwater side of diesel engine heat exchangers to ______.A. reduce clectrolytic action on heat exchanger metalsB. keep heat transfer surfaces shiny and cleanC. prevent rapid accumulation of marine growthD. provide a protective coating on heat exchanger surfaces10. In a turbocharger, inlet air velocity is increased in the ______.A. inlet nozzle ringB. stationary diffuser passagesC. compressor outlet voluteD. rotating impeller vanes11. Diesel engine cylinder air start valve timing is controlled by ______.A. engine operating speedB. an air manifoldC. a hydraulic distributorD. the air distributor12. If the compensating needle valve of a hydraulic governor is opened more than necessary the governor will ______.A. have a larger than normal dead bandB. produce excessive speed response to a load changeC. respond slowly to any change in engine loadD. stabilize engine speed at the new governor setting13. A pyrometer is an instrument commonly used to measure ______A. cylinder pressureB. flame intensityC. exhaust gas temperatureD. crankshaft axial alignment14. Pump up the starting air reservoirs to their maximum pressure and ______ the air reservoirs and air system.A. openB. closeC. drainD. vent15. In reducing engine speed to an efficient propeller speed by the use of reduction gears, ______.A. speed and torque are both reducedB. speed is reduced and torque remains unchangedC. speed is reduced and torque is increasedD. speed is something unchanged while torque is increased16. Which of the following statements concerning fire-tube boilers is correct?A. Combustion gases flow through the tubesB. Flame impinge（撞击）on the tubesC. Combustion occurs in the tubesD. Water flows through the tubes17. The safety valves should be tested and adjusted when the boiler survey is ______A. completedB. carried outC. cleanedD. steamed18. When an auxiliary boiler is panting and emitting black smoke, you should_______.A. increase the fuel oil temperatureB. decrease the fuel oil temperatureC. decrease the fuel oil supply pressureD. increase the air supply19. If the feed pump for an auxiliary boiler fails to deliver the feed water to the boiler ,the cause may be ______.A. high steam pressure in the boilerB. decrease the fuel oil temperatureC. abnormally high boiler water temperatureD. steam demand exceeding feed pump capacity20. A vane pump belongs to ______ according to its working principle.A. reciprocating pumpB. positive displacement pumpC. centrifugal pumpD. centripetal pump21. The packing installed in the pump stuffing box is lubricated by _______.A. gravity and feed oil cupsB. grease cupsC. hand during installationD. leakage through the stuffing box22. If the capacity of a centrifugal pump decreases gradually over a long period of time, you should replace the ______.A. packing glandB. mechanical sealsC. lantern ringsD. wearing rings23. Which of the listed conditions can lead to cavitation in a centrifugal pump?A. Vapor pockets formed in the suction flow steamB. Rough casing volute surfacesC. Worn wearing ringsD. Heavy liquid in the flow stream24. In a compression refrigeration plant, the hot, high pressure refrigerant gas is cooled by the sea water and becomes liquid in the ______.A. compressorB. condenserC. throttle valveD. evaporator25. The temperature at which water vapor in the atmosphere begins to condense is called the ______.A. dew point temperatureB. condensation temperatureC. psychometric temperatureD. absolute humidity temperature26. In an air conditioning system, moisture is removed from the air by ______.A. filtersB. separatorsC. ducted trapsD. dehumidifiers27. Sludge may form in the crankcase of an air conditioning compressor as a result of ______.A. bubbling refrigerantB. lowered operating temperatureC. overheating and oxidationD. reducing the cloud or floc point28. Coalescence is the breakdown of surface tension between oil droplets in an oil/water mixture, which causes them to join and ______in size.A. expandB. extractC. increaseD. decrease29. When started, a complete oily water separating unit is first filled ______. The oily water mixture is then pumped through the inlet pipe into the coarse separating compartment.A. with dirty waterB. with clean waterC. by oily waterD. by mixed water30. Which is the pollution prevention equipment?A. booster pumpB. evaporatorC. incineratorD. cooler31. The ______is used to burn oil sludge.A. clarifierB. oily water separatorC. incineratorD. distiller32. In sewage treatment, the term ‘maceration’ refers to the process of ______.A. breaking up solid matter into fine particlesB. precipitating non-decomposed waste in a collection tankC. chemically adjustment the sewage pH to 7.0D. eliminating bacterium coli from the sewage33. Which of the substances listed is satisfactorily removed from the fuel by a centrifugal oil purifier?A. Carbon particlesB. Lube oilC. GasolineD. Diesel fuel34. If the bowl of a disk type centrifugal purifier when operated as a separator is not primed, the ______.A. oil has tendency to emulsify in the bowlB. purifier will act as a clarifier at the discharge ringC. oil will be lost through the water discharge portsD. oil solids will be deposited only at the intermediate top disk35. The process of boiling seawater in order to separate it into freshwater vapor and brine is usually defined as ______.A. dehydrationB. condensationC. evaporationD. dissolution36. What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A. relief valveB. direction control valveC. stop valveD. pressure control valve37. The delivery rate of a variable stroke axial piston hydraulic pump is controlled by varying the position of the ______.A. slide blockB. tilting boxC. pintleD. reaction ring38. The drive motor will have a brake arranged to fail-safe, i.e. it will ______the load if power fails or machine is stopped.A. liftB. putC. takeD. hold39. On tank vessels with an electrically-driven capstan, the motor should be meggered periodically to test ______.A. insulation resistanceB. eddy currentsC. capacitanceD. armature reactance40. Overheating of a hydraulic system may be a result of _______________.A. changing pump discharge pressure in response to normal load variationsB. a high oil levelC. incorrect fluid viscosityD. continued slow re- circulation of the oil41. Purging air from a hydraulic system is necessary when ______.A. adding small amounts of oil to the systemB. the system has been overheatedC. the system has been drained and then filled with new oilD. the system has been idle for a long period of time42. A direct current passing through a wire coiled around a soft iron core is the description of a simple ______.A. magnetic shieldB. electromagnetC. piezoelectric ( 压电的)D. electromagnetic domain43. The operation of ______ two alternators requires the voltages to be equal and also in phase.A. parallelingB. series-mountingC. runningD. controlling45. The power factor of an AC generator operating singularly is determined by the ______.A. connected loadB. prime mover speedC. field excitationD. generator’s rated voltage46. After a ship enters service it is ______for the main bus-bar to be made dead.A. usuallyB. commonlyC. exceptionalD. unavoidably47. A transformer in an electric circuit serves to ______.A. generate its own electrical powerB. transform electrical energy into mechanical energyC. increase or decrease circuit voltage as requiredD. convert AC to DC48. The separate supplies are connected in either star or delta formation. The star formation is most commonly used and requires ______ slip-rings on the alternator.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five49. Most conducting materials such as copper, aluminum, iron, nickel, and tungsten(钨)______.A. increase in resistance with increased temperatureB. increase in resistance with decreased temperatureC. decrease in resistance with increased temperatureD. increase in conductance with increased temperature50. Which of the following statements represents the main difference between a relay and a contactor?A. Contactors control current and relays control voltageB. A relay is series connected and a contactor is parallel connectedC. Contactors can handle heavier loads than relaysD. Contactors are made from silver and relays are made from copper51. The energy consumed by an AC motor, as strictly reactive power, is ______.A. used to do mechanical workB. used to establish the magnetic field of the motorC. lost as heat generated by the windingsD. lost in doing work to turn the motor itself52. The energy consumed by an AC motor, as strictly reactive power, is ______.A. visual inspection for dirt accumulationB. used to establish the magnetic field of the motorC. low as heat generated by the windingsD. lost in doing work to turn the motor itself53. Before starting the engine, the air bottle should be ______.A. pumped upB. loadedC. dischargedD. closed54. At the beginning of the watch the current operational parameters and the condition of all machinery should be verified and also the log readings should correspond with those ______.A. noted by the bridge officerB. told by last duty engineerC. observedD. in the instruction manual55. “Movement of engine no longer required.” means ______.A. Stop EngineB. No Engine RevolutionC. Stand-by EngineD. Finished With Engine56. Which of the listed conditions can be considered as the single greatest cause of accidents?A. SpeedB. Excessive knowledge or skillC. Human errorD. Excitement57. A class ‘C’ fire would occur in ______.A. beddingB. pipe insulationC. paintD. a generator58. If a fire occurs in the boiler room as a result of a leaking fuel line, you should FIRST ______.A. notify the engineer on watchB. isolate and secure the pipingC. throw and on the fireD. extinguish the fire using a combination nozzle with applicator59. At the earliest indication of fire aboard your vessel, you must FIRST ______.A. locate the fireB. determine which type of fire is burningC. sound the alarmD. fight the fire60. If there has been a fire in a closed unventilated compartment it may be unsafe to enter because of ______.A. unburned carbon particlesB. excess nitrogenC. lack of oxygenD. excess hydrogen61. If you observe any situation which presents a safety or pollution hazard during fuel transfer operations, which of the following actions should be taken FIRST?A. Close the valves at the transfer manifoldB. Notify the person in charge of the shore facilityC. Stop the transfer operationD. Sound the fire alarm62. Before replacing a piston you should check the rings to see that all clearances and gaps are within the permissible ______.A. deflectionB. discrepancyC. errorD. tolerance63. ______ is an opening for supplying seawater to condensers, pumps, ect. Located in the hull below the waterline and having means for the attachment of the associated piping.A. Sea chestB. SupperC. ScuttleD. Sea port64. The additional mark ______in the Classification Certificate for Machinery means propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine assembly control station is unmanned periodically.A.BRCB. MCCC. AUT-0D. AUT-165. The International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate is valid for a period of ______.A. one year from the date of issueB. five years from the date of issueC. three years from the date of issueD. four years from the date of issue66. Which one is the ‘clear grounds’ for a more detailed inspection?A. paint peeling off the uptakeB. no operation procedures for the oil separatorC. one of ship’s certificates required is invalidD. damaged sanitary pump67. The Port State Control officer may witness a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to these duties on the ______.A. Navigation Log BookB. EngineC. Oil Record BookD. Muster List68. The ______Convention is the first to establish basic requirements on training, certification and watch-keeping for seafarers on an international level.A. STCW78B. STCW95C. SOLAS74D. SOLAS8869. When the machinery spaces are in the periodic unmanned condition, ______ shall be immediately available and on call to attend the machinery space.A. the chief engineerB. the designated engineer from shipyardC. the designated duty officer in charge of the engineering watchD. the designated surveyor from classification society70. The officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ensure that all machinery involved with the maneuvering of the ship can immediately be place in the ______ of operation when notified that the ship is in congested waters.A. manual modeB. automatic modeC. remote modeD. follow-up mode71. Small oil spills on deck can be prevented from contaminating any waters by ______.A. plugging all scuppers and drainsB. placing floating booms around the shipC. regularly emptying all drip pansD. thoroughly draining all bunkering hoses72. When off loading garbage to another ship, your records must identify that ship by name and ______.A. home portB. operator’s name of recordC. official numberD. master’s name73. The main objective of the SOLAS Convention is to specify ______for the construction, equipment and operation of ships, compatible their safety.A. at most referencesB. at least referencesC. maximum standardsD. minimum standards74. The objectives of the ISM Code are to ensure ______ ①safety at sea ②prevention of human injury or loss of life ③ avoidance of damage to the marine environment and to propertyA. ①B. ①②C. ②③D. ①②③二、关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每小题4个选项）The main starting valve (automatic valve) is operated by a pneumatic actuator, and similar actuator controls are fitted for slow turning and to the timing valves. The main starting valve can be locked shut and this must be done before the engine turning gear is engaged. When this valve is open, air passes through a non-return valve and flame arrester to the main manifold supplying pressure to the cylinder valves, one of which is fitted to each cylinder of the engine.The cylinder air start valves are normally held closed by a compression spring together with cylinder pressure acting over the valve lid. Air from the manifold enters these valves where it forms a pressure balance between the underside of the valve lid and a balance piston of equal area on the valve spindle.Consequently this does not cause the valve to open.Cylinder valves are opened when operating air, transmitted from the distributor, applies pressure to the larger operating piston on the valve spindle. As the valve is forced open, starting air from the manifold enters the cylinder, applying pressure on the piston and causing the engine to rotate in the corresponding direction. To close the cylinder valves the connection from the distributor is opened to atmosphere, allowing the spring to close the valve and return the operating piston.75. The timing valves ( in the first paragraph ) refer to ______.A. the valves for slow runningB. fuel valvesC. the distributorD. not mentioned76. After the main starting valve opens, air will not supply to ______.A. the flame arresterB. each cylinder valveC. a non-return valveD. a pneumatic actuator77. The balance piston used on a cylinder air start valve is to ______.A. increase acting areaB. keep pressure balance and help the valve close before operating air appliedC. increase the force and help the valve open after the operating air appliedD. cause the valve to open78. After the engine being started, the air in the distributor will ______.A. be vented to open airB. be leaded to the corresponding cylinderC. be trapped until engine stopsD. return to air reservoir光阴荏苒，而流年从来也不曾缺少错乱和犹疑。

钻井英语词汇

分类词汇表Sorting out Vocabulary一、天车Crownblock１．天车 crownblock２．天车台 crown's nestcrown platform３．天车滑轮 crow sheavescrow pulley４．天车滑轮组 clster sheaves５．天车梁 crownblock beam６．防碰天车 crownblock protectercrownblock saver７．天车安全台 crown safety platform二、游动滑车—大钩Travelling Block---hook １．游动滑车 travelling blocktravelling sheave２．大钩 hook３．大钩载荷 hook load４．大钩额定载荷 hook load rating ５．大钩提升速度 hookspeed６．大钩悬重 hook weight７．小钩子 hooklet８．钩上，吊上 hook uphook on９．大钩悬挂高度 hook height１０．卸钩 hook off三、转盘与水龙头Table and Swivel１．转盘 rotary tablerotaryturntable２．转速 rotary speedrotational velocityrevolution rate３．转盘台 rotating turret４．转盘扭矩表 rotary torque indicator ５．转速表 revolution countertachometer６．转速比 ratio of revolution７．转动方向 rotation direction８．转矩常数 torque constant９．转盘大方瓦 master bushing １０．转盘排档 rotary speeds１１．转盘卡瓦 rotary slips１２．转盘大梁 rotary support frame１３．转盘变速器 rotary transmission １４．转盘链条护罩 rotary drive guard １５．转盘转速指示器 rotary speed indicator１６．转盘底座 rotary base１７．转盘传动链条 rotary chain１８．方补心 rotary drive bushing１９．转矩 rotary momment２０．转动 rotary motion２１．水龙头 swivel２２．水龙头吊环 swivel bail２３．水龙头外壳 swivel body２４．水龙头吊环防碰器 swivel bumper ２５．鹅颈管 swivel gooseneck２６．冲管 washpipe２７．水龙头接头 swivel joint(sub)２８．水龙头中心管 swivel stem２９．冲管旋转接头 wash pipe swivel四、钻机Drawworks１．钻机 drilling rig(drawworks)drilling machine２．司钻操作台 driller's controldriller control cabinet ３．刹把 brake levelbrake crankbrake handlebrake bar４．刹带 brake strap５．刹车凡尔 brake valve６．刹车鼓 brake rimbrake drum７．刹车片 brake block８．刹车液 brake fluid９．刹车轴 brake axle１０．刹车功率 brake power１１．刹车气缸 brake cylinder１２．刹车蹋板 brake pedal１３．刹车总成 brake assembly１４．刹带钢圈 brake band１５．刹带平衡器 brake equalizer１６．水刹车 hydraulic brake１７．锚头 cat head１８．锚头绳 cat(head) line１９．锚头绳小钩 cat hook２０．锚头绳滑车 cat line sheave２１．锚头轴 cat shaft２２．绞车 drawworks２３．绞车功率 drawworks horsepower２４．绞车上的进尺传感器 drawworks sensor五、传动箱（变速箱）Transmission Gear Box１．传动箱 gear boxgear case２．换档 gear change３．换低档 gear down４．齿轮传动 gear drive５．齿轮润滑油 gear grease６．齿轮增速器 gear increaser７．齿轮输入轴 gear input shaft８．齿轮传动马达 gear motor９．齿轮油 gear oil１０．齿轮输出轴 gear output shaft１１．齿轮泵 gear pump１２．齿条 gear rack１３．齿动比 gear ratio１４．齿轮减速器 gear reduction unit１５．齿轮轴 gear shaft１６．换档 gear shifting１７．齿轮牙齿 gear teeth１８．增速 gear up１９．大齿轮 gear wheel２０．加速器 accelerator六、柴油机Engines１．柴油机 diesel engine２．柴油 diesel engine fueldiesel oil３．柴油塞 diesel-oil plug４．柴油耗量 diesel consumption５．柴油指数 diesel index６．柴油机爆震 diesel knock７．柴油添加剂 diesel fuel additivesdiesel-dope８．柴油发电机组 diesel electric set ９．引擎 engine１０．柴油机底座 engine bed １１．柴油机本体 engine body１２．柴油机泵组 engine and pump assembly １３．柴油机功率 engine capacity１４．柴油机气缸 engine cylinder１５．柴油机驱动 engine drive１６．柴油机防冻液 engine-antifreeze１７．柴油机故障 engine failure１８．发动机燃料 engine fuel１９．（柴油）机房 engine houseengine shed２０．柴油机活塞 engine piston２１．柴油机引擎 engine primer２２．柴油机皮带轮 engine pulley２３．粗柴油 engine solar oil２４．柴油机减速器 engine speed reducer ２５．柴油机支架 engine support２６．柴油机并车 engine compound２７．调速器 speed regulatorgovernor２８．调温器 thermosistor２９．调压阀 pressure-regulating valve３０．调节滑阀 regulating slide valve３１．调节螺母 adjusting nut３２．调节螺栓 adjusting bolt３３．调节螺丝 adjusting screwregulating screw３４．调节液 regulating solution３５．调节系数 adjustment factor３６．调平系统 leveling system３７．调平液缸 leveling cylinder３８．调速杆 governor lever３９．调节范围 adjusting range４０．调温冷却器 teim cooler４１．风扇 blowing fan，fan４２．风扇皮带 fan belt４３．固定螺丝 hold-down screwretaining screw４４．固定管式换热器 fixed tube-sheet exchanger４５．气门 valve４６．气室 chamber４７．气缸垫 head gasket４８．气缸盖 cylinder head４９．气缸套 cylinder liner５０．气缸体 cylinder block５１．液化器 carburetor５２．高压泵 high-pressure pump５３．高级汽油 high-quality gasoline５４．高速柴油机 high -speed engine５５．高速机械油 high-speed machine oil ５６．柴油滤子 air filter５７．空气滤子 diesel oil５８．机油滤子 lubricating oil filter ５９．油杯 lubricate cupoil bowloil cup６０．黄油枪 lubricating gun６１．黄油嘴 lubrication nipple６２．加油孔 lubrication hole６３．加油器 lubricator６４．油泵 oil pump６５．油尺 dipstick６６．油封 oil blanketoil seal６７．油壶 oilcanoileroilpot６８．油环 oil ringscraper ringoil irm６９．油底壶 oil pan７０．油马达 oil motor７１．排气阀 air bleeding valveexhaust valve７２．排气管 blast pipeexhaust pipe７３．排气孔 air vent hole７４．排气冲程 exhaust stroke７５．排气旋塞 blow cock七、泥浆泵Mud Pump１．泥浆泵 mud(slush) pump２．泥浆泵液力端 mud end of the pump ３．(口语)泥浆泵 mud hog４．泥浆软管 mud hose５．泵房 mud house(pump room)６．泥浆管线 mud line７．泥浆泵软管 mud pump hose８．泥浆泵配浆装置 mud pump mixer ９．泥浆泵压力波动 mud pump pulse１０.泥浆泵振动压力 mud pump shock pressure１１．泥浆泵拖车 mud pump trailer１２．泥浆泵凡尔 mud pump valve１３．泥浆泵安全凡尔 mud relief valve １４．泥浆泵上水管 mud suction hose １５．泥浆泵拉杆 mud pump rod１６．泥浆泵动力端 mud pump power end１７．泥浆泵排出端 discharge end of pump１８．泥浆泵吸入端 suction end of pump１９。

轮机英语听力与会话汇总

轮机英语听力与会话汇总1．tide[taid] n.潮汐The tide is in. 涨潮了。

low tide 低潮（时间）；干潮（时间）；枯潮（期）The rocks were exposed at low tide. 低潮时岩石露了出来。

expose[ik?sp?uz] vt.揭露，揭发；使暴露；使曝光清清变浊 student、 schoolbad sea condition 糟糕的海况2.slack名词n. [sl?k]（水流等的）静止不动。

3.iceberg ['aisb?:g] 冰山The ship struck an iceberg. 那艘船撞上了冰山。

（一般过去时：陈述在过去的时间发生的动作。

）strike struck struck现在完成时4.sh ore[??:] 岸、陆地sand shore 沙滩5.coast [k?ust]海岸、沿海地区cloudy[?klaudi]adj. 多云的n-后缀y, 构成形容词。

sunny adj. 阳光明媚的rock [r?k] n. 岩石leaves [li:vz] n. 树叶，花瓣(leaf的复数)glass land 草地、草坪6. island名词n. [C]['ail?nd] 岛屿mountain[?mauntin] n.山，山岳；山脉National Day 国庆节Mid-autumn Day 中秋节7.log book 航海日志log [l?g] n.航海日志chart [t?ɑ:t] 名词n. [C] 航海图、航（线）图8. rough[r?f] 形容词 a. 暴风雨的;狂暴的;剧烈的The ship sailed in rough seas.这船在波涛汹涌的海面行驶。

sailing 航行storm [st?:m] n.名词n. [C]暴风雨9.船的类型（1）the general cargo ship 一般的货船general ['d?en?r?l] 形容词 a. 一般的,普遍的;非专业性的general manager 总经理This is a general magazine. 这是一本普通杂志。

发动机英语单词

发动机英语单词发动机（Engine）。

用法：发动机是一种机械设备，能够将燃料燃烧产生的化学能转化为机械能，从而驱动各种机器或设备运转。

双语例句：1. The car's engine started up with a roar.汽车的发动机轰鸣着启动。

2. He has been working on the airplane engine for weeks.他已经连续几周在修理飞机的发动机了。

3. The train's engine is at the front of the train.火车头站在整个火车的最前面。

4. The small boat has a very powerful engine.这条小船有一台非常强大的发动机。

5. The airplane's engine failed mid-flight.飞机在中途失去了发动机动力。

6. The mechanic is busy repairing the engine.机修工正在忙修理发动机。

7. The diesel engine is more efficient than a gasoline engine.柴油发动机比汽油发动机更高效。

8. The generator is powered by an internal combustion engine.发电机是由内燃机驱动的。

9. The engine is the heart of a car.发动机是汽车的心脏。

10. The ship's engine room is located below the deck.船舶的机房位于甲板下面。

11. The motorbike's engine is very loud.摩托车的发动机声很吵。

12. The engine is the driving force behind the success of our business.发动机是我们业务成功的动力来源。

轮机长最新轮机英语4647题库汇总(附答案)

编号问题选择A选择B选择C选择D答案注解1"On a large diesel engine installation, crankshaft axial alignment is maintained by the ________."piston rod guides engine thrust bearing crosshead bearing main shaft flexible coupling B在大型柴油机安装中，曲轴靠推力轴承保持轴向对中。

2"A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800 rpm, is commonly classed as a ________."slow-speed diesel medium-speed diesel high-speed diesel constant-speed diesel B曲轴转速800转／分以额定功率正常运行的柴油机称为中速柴油机。

3Which of the following statements is correct concerning available astern power for diesel main propulsion systems?Astern power is to be provided in a sufficient amount to secure proper control of the ship in all normal circumstances.The astern power of the main propelling machinery is to provide for continuous operation astern at 60% of the ahead rpm at rated speed."For main propulsion systems without reversing gears, controllable pitch propellers or electric propulsion drive, running astern is not to lead to overload conditions.""Astern power available will be equal to ahead power when controllable pitch propellers are utilized, thus discounting the need for increased operating parameters."A倒车功率必须能提供足够的功率确保在各种正常情况下能够对船舶进行适当的控制。

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预燃烧室方式
-
直接喷射
EX102
喷射方式
涡旋室方式：本发动机采用导入辅助室内的燃烧方式。
售后服务培训
P09; 16 / 10
-
EX102
售后服务培训
P09; 17 / 10
喷射方式
预燃室方式：柴油发动机中有预燃室，燃油喷入炽热的预燃室内。
-
EX102
喷射方式
直喷方式：燃油直接喷入活塞上面的燃烧室内。
售后服务培训
P09; 18 / 10
-
EX102
·预喷射循环在主喷射循环开始之前，少量燃油在低压下被喷入。这个喷射过程叫预喷射循环，少量燃油的燃烧使燃烧室内的压力和温度上升。这符合主喷射快速点火的要求。在预喷射循环和主喷射循环之间的喷射间隔，燃烧室内的压力平缓上升，而不是一个突然的上升，使得燃烧噪音低，排放的氮氧化物也少。 ·主喷射循环
为什么要采用柴油发动机？
动力强劲：
在较低的发动机转速下即可达到较大的扭距输出，整车动力强劲，加速性好.
经济性好:
较低的油耗，较低的燃油价格。
利于环保：
直喷柴油发动机燃烧效率通常高于40％，而汽油发动机仅为30％左右。
尾气排放对温室效应影响小；自1980年以来，其颗粒排放已经减少了70％
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EX10T2DI 发动机－奥迪10年的 TDI Know-How
TDI柴油机的历史进程
1989: 1991: 1993: 1994:
1995:
1997:
1999:
第一台5缸 88 kW (120 bhp/265 Nm) TDI 发动机，采用喷油压力达900 bar径向柱塞喷油泵。
V8165 kW (225 bhp/480 Nm) TDI 发动机，采用1350 bar 的共轨喷油系统，以及可变进气几何截面（VTG)涡轮增压器和 4气阀技术。
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EX102
1985
1989
1996/97/98
VE
mechanically controlled
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径向柱塞分配式喷油泵有自己单独的控制单元，该控制单元用于控制和监控喷油泵的执行元件。因此在控制单元内存有特性曲线，这些曲线与喷油泵精确相配。控制单元与喷油泵是一体的，这两个件是刚性相连的。
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EX102
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EX102
喷油始点调节装置
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EX102
径向柱塞分配泵
更高的喷射效率。高达1500 bar的喷油压力。
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EX102
BAU定货号：0 470 506 033
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博士公司定货号旋转方向(从输入端看) 大众公司备件号
制造厂家代码(德国本土) 生产日期产品序号产品批次号
EX102
第一台柴油发动机
柴油发动机之父 RudolfDiesel
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EX102
第一台轿车用柴油发动机
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EX102
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2000
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EX102
柴油发动机的最新发展
导致
柴油发动机的动力性、经济性、排放率和噪音级一直在提高。
喷嘴电磁阀收缩活塞喷嘴弹簧
喷嘴针阀
EX102
·主喷射循环开始
喷嘴针阀关闭后短时间内，高压腔内压力立即重新上升。这时喷嘴电磁阀仍然关闭，泵活塞下移。约300bar时，燃油压力高于喷嘴弹簧作用力，喷嘴针阀再次上升，主喷油开始。喷射过程中，进入高压腔的燃油多于经喷嘴喷出的燃油，压力不断上升，最高可达2050bar。
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EX102
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EX102
可调整叶片式涡轮增压器
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EX102
可调叶片式涡轮增压器调整原理
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EX102
气门的操纵
气门由凸轮经摇臂控制。摇臂支撑在固定的液压式气门间隙补偿元件上。与液压桶形挺杆相比有如下优点：运动质量小摩擦力小 ••
主喷射循环的关键是产生良好的混合气，使燃油完全燃烧。高喷射压力使空气和燃油完全混合最终雾化，充分燃烧，减少排放污染物并确保发动机高效率运转。 ·喷射结束
在喷射结束过程，压力迅速下降和喷嘴迅速关闭是很重要的。防止燃油在低喷射压力下以大颗粒滴入燃烧室，否则燃油不完全燃烧，产生很高的排放污染物。
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·预喷射循环结束
上升的压力使收缩活塞下移，使高压腔内容积扩大，于是压力瞬时下降。这时施加在针阀上的弹簧力和液体压力增大，因此喷嘴针阀关闭，预喷射结束。
收缩活塞的下移增加了喷嘴弹簧的压紧程度。若想再次打开针阀，油压必须比预喷射过程中的油压高。
高压腔
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
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泵活塞
VP37
electronically controlled
VP44
CRS
UIS
solenoid valve controlled
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EX102 工作行程
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EX102
柴油机的基本型式
涡流室方式
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EX102
在转速2500-3000 l/min时的比油耗油耗的比较：
以火花点火式发动机（汽油机）为100 ％：直喷汽油机（FSI):
油耗降低15％－20％；压燃发动机（IDI Diesel):
油耗降低25％－30％；涡轮增压直喷柴油发动机（TDI):
油耗降低40％－45％；
燃油的压力将喷油始点调节活塞向右推动，
喷油始点调节活塞与斜凸轮调整环是连接在
一起的，因此喷油始点调节装置的水平运动
就使得斜凸轮调整环向“提前”方向转动。
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EX102
·预喷射循环开始喷射凸轮通过滚柱式摇臂将泵
活塞压下，将高压腔内的燃油排出到供油管。
发动机控制单元控制喷嘴电磁阀吸合起动喷射循环，此时，电磁阀针阀被压入到阀座内，关闭高压腔到供油管的通道，高压
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双弹簧喷油泵，双级燃油喷射和燃烧，确保燃烧过程平顺，安静，发动机具有较低的振动。
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EX102
可变进气截面的涡轮增压器
1 = 节流片 2 = 涡轮 3 = 中间轴 4 = 泵轮
2 1
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3 4
EX102
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EX102
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EX102
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EX102
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EX102
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EX102
工作原理随着转速的升高，喷油始点应“提前”，喷油始点调节装置就是执行这个任务的。喷油始点调节装置的控制活塞通过弹簧力压在喷油始点调节活塞上，控制活塞的环形腔通过一个孔从喷油泵的内腔得到燃油压力，喷油始点阀确定控制活塞的环形腔内燃油压力的大小。随着转速的提高，喷油始点阀会提高环形腔内的燃油压力，这时控制活塞就顶着弹簧力离开喷油始点调节活塞，从而让出了一个通道，于是燃油到达喷油始点调节活塞的后部。
关键因素
优良的混合气准备
高效的喷射系统产生足够高的喷射压力，确保燃油雾化良好；同时对喷油始点与喷油量进行精确控制。
如何保证
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EX102
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低排放耐久性强成功经济创新驾驶乐趣
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EX102
TDI= Turbocharged Direct-Injection Diesel Engine 涡轮增压直喷柴油发动机
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EX102
汽油
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柴油
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EX102
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EX102
欧洲市场柴油车的比例已经超过40％以上
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EX102
Development course：
1. 1905年提出了喷油器的设想。 2. 自20世纪50年代以来，配备机械式泵喷射系统
Nm
216
144
功率
扭距
按 89/491/EEC
72
发动机转速 1000 2000 3000 4000 500r0pm
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EX102
新型径向柱塞分配式喷油泵的作用： • 从油箱中抽取燃油 • 将燃油加压至1500 bar • 将燃油分配到各汽缸