消防工程毕业设计_防排烟_自动报警_开题报告_外文翻译
毕业设计烟雾报警器
毕业设计烟雾报警器篇一：毕业设计烟雾报警器基于C51单片机的烟雾报警器设计【摘要】随着现代家庭用火、用电量的增加，家庭火灾发生的频率越来越高。
烟雾报警器也随之被广泛应用于各种场合。
本设计是利用单片机结合传感器技术而开发设计了这一烟雾报警系统。
论文中主要针对烟雾报警系统中的各个组成部件进行了介绍，对它的主控电路和外围设备电路之间的接口技术，还有软件方面进行了重点介绍。
关键词：报警器、80C51、烟雾传感器Abstract: With the modern home with fire, electricity consumption increases, the frequency of home fires is getting higher and higher. Smoke detectors have also been widely used in various occasions. This design is combined with the use of single-chip sensor technology development and design of the smoke alarm system. The main thesis of the smoke alarm system for the various components are introduced, its control circuit and peripheral equipment circuitinterface between technology and software have been the focus of introduction.目录1、绪论 (4)1.1烟雾报警器的发展及现状 (4)1.1.1 火灾探测技术 (4)1.1.2 火灾探测器的发展趋势 (5)1.2 论文研究的目的及意义 (5)1.3论文内容 (6)2、基于C51单片机的烟雾报警的设计方案 (7)2.1 任务分析 .................................................72.2设计方案 (7)2.2.1方案设计思想 (7)2.2.2 总体框图 (8)3、系统硬件实现 (9)3.1主控电路设计 (9)3.1.1 80C51系列 (9)3.1.2 80C51的基本结构 (10)3.1.3 80C51单片机的的封装和引脚 (11)3.1.4 80C51单片机的时钟 (13)3.1.5 80C51单片机的复位 (14)3.2外围接口电路设计 (17)3.2.1 NIS-09烟雾传感器简介 (17)3.2.2 AD574A与80C51单片机接口电路 (26)3.2.3声光报警电路 (27)3.3总电路设计 (28)4、软件实现 (31)4.1 编程KEIL环境介绍 (31)4.2 程序流程 ................................................324.3 程序 ................................................ . (34)5、调试 (36)5.1 调试的步骤 (36)5.2调试过程中遇到的问题及解决方法 (38)参考文献 .....................................40结束语 .......................................41谢辞 .......................................421、绪论1.1烟雾报警器的发展及现状1.1.1 火灾探测技术火灾作为一种在时空上失去控制的燃烧所引发的灾害，对人类生命财产和社会安全构成了极大的威胁。
消防工程毕业论文开题报告
华北水利水电学院本科生毕业设计（论文）开题报告
学生姓名XXXXX 学号XXXXX 专业消防工程题目名称某综合楼消防系统设计
课题来源指导老师提供
主要内容
1、室内外消火栓系统设计（包括系统布局、管道的水力计算，设
备选型等）；
2、自动喷水灭火系统设计（包括系统布局、管道的水力计算，设备
选型等）；
3、消防泵房设计（包括消火栓泵、喷淋泵等设备的选型，消防水池
和消防水箱等设施的计算设计）;
4、灭火器的配置设计；
5、走廊、楼梯间及其前室防排烟设计。
6、火灾报警系统及联动系统设计。
采取的主要技术路线或
方法
一、确定建筑物的类别
根据《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》可知，该建筑为二类高层民
用建筑。
二：室内外消火栓系统设计
室内外消火栓布置要符合《民用建筑设计防火规范》室内外消火栓
的布置规定。
1、室内消火栓
布置室内消火栓的布置应保证每一个防火分区同层有两支水枪的充
实水柱同时到达任何部位,消火栓栓口处的出水压力大于0.5MPa 时，应设置减压设施；静水压力大于 1.0MPa 时，应采用分区给水系统；室内消火栓口离地面高度宜为 1.1m，高层民用建筑消火栓的间距不应大于30m。
给水系统给水方式为不分区给水（整栋高层采用一个区供水，当高层建
筑最低消火栓设备处的静水压不超过1Mpa或建筑高度不超过50m是可以采用）。
消防电梯间前室内应设置消火栓
2 室外消火栓。
火灾自动报警系统毕业设计开题报告
学号天津城建大学毕业设计开题报告火灾自动报警与消防控制系统学生姓名专业名称电气工程及其自动化指导教师控制与机械工程学院2014 年4 月18日毕业设计开题报告题目名称：火灾自动报警与消防控制系统1.课题背景（所选课题的来源、开发目的和意义，国内外现状）本课题来源于智能家居中的消防与安防系统，消防与安防是智能家居的重要组成部分，消防部分承担着火灾发生时自动报警并开启消防喷头、语音报警、疏散引导等功能，安防部分承担着家庭防盗、室内外环境危害检测及报警等功能。
开发目的：能够及时监测到环境中有无火灾，火灾一旦发生将实现声光报警，并自动打电话给户主提示家中有火灾隐患，同时打开消防设施等采取有效措施控制火情的发展，将火灾消灭在萌芽状态，以确保人身财产安全，最大限度地减少损失。
安防部分为当有人从窗户进入时发短信给户主并自动报警，室内有害气体超标检测及燃气泄露报警。
意义：随着电子产品在人类生活中的使用越来越广泛，由此引起的火灾也越来越多，在我们生活的四周到处潜伏着火灾隐患。
智能化火灾报警系统已并非传统意义上的简单的报警设备，而是融入了计算机技术、电子技术、自动控制技术、传感器的应用等各领域知识。
伴随着科学技术的不断进步，火灾报警系统必将得到更快的发展。
国内外现状：随着社会的进步以及人们生活水平的提高，人们对于家居环境的要求也不再只是简单的物质空间，更为关注的是一个高度安全、舒适以及美观方便的居住环境，也即是当下最为热门的智能家居。
由于智能家居系统还缺乏统一明确的国际标准，许多公司开发出的产品都是基于自己组建的网络和信息交换协议，很多产品是针对特定的组网环境开发的，部分核心技术没有对外公布，技术复杂，直接导致了使用范围的局限性。
再者，缺乏对应的第三方产品，各个接入设备之间不能兼容，互操作性差，不利于产品的扩充，因而进一步局限了产品的发展。
再加上，有的系统成本过高，严重影响了产品的普及。
因此设计一个符合国家国情和规范的集远程控制和本地控制为一体的智能家居控制系统是非常具有现实意义的，且势在必行。
毕业设计任务书开题报告之自动灭火系统
武汉理工大学本科生毕业设计（论文）任务书学生姓名：专业班级：测控0702班指导教师：工作单位：机电工程学院设计（论文）题目：自动灭火系统的设计设计（论文）主要内容：完成对自动灭火系统的设计，主要适用于计算机房、通讯机房、配电房、油浸变压器、自备发电机房、图书馆、档案室、博物馆及票据、文物资料库等场所，可用于扑救电气火灾、液体火灾或可熔化的固体火灾，固体表面火灾。
要求完成的主要任务：1、查阅不少于15篇的相关资料，其中英文文献不少于2篇，完成开题报告。
2、完成不少于5000字的英文翻译；3、合理设计室内温度、烟雾浓度检的采集和显示系统、报警系统、自动控制系统的总体方案并画出方框图；4、绘制相关的软件流程图和电路图；5、编写设计说明书一份，不少于12000字。
必读参考资料：[1]张国雄.《测控电路》.机械工业出版社.2002年出版[2]李刚主编.《现代测控电路》.高等教育出版社.2004年出版[3]赵茂泰.《智能仪器原理及应用》.电子工业出版社.1999年出版[4]施文康.《检测技术》，机械工业出版社.2002年出版[5]陈守仁.《自动检测技术及仪表》.机械工业出版社.1998年出版指导教师签名系主任签名院长签名（章）武汉理工大学本科生毕业设计（论文）开题报告1、目的及意义（含国内外的研究现状分析）随着社会的发展，城市工业进程的加快，更多高新密集型产业的集中，火灾隐患也愈加显得突出，带来的损失也愈加的巨大。
在各种灾害中，火灾是最经常、最普遍地威胁公众安全和社会发展的主要灾害之一。
人类能够对火进行利用和控制，是文明进步的一个重要标志。
所以说人类使用火的历史与同火灾作斗争的历史是相伴相生的，人们在用火的同时，不断总结火灾发生的规律，尽可能地减少火灾及其对人类造成的危害。
据统计，当今世界共有220余个国家，总计65亿人口。
全世界每年发生火灾约800万一900万起，每年死于火灾的人数约8万一9万人。
仅从死亡的人数，可以看出每年更多的物质损失更是不可计数。
【系统】防火报警系统毕业论文文献翻译中英文对照
【关键字】系统Fire alarm systemFire control work shall follow the policy of devoting major efforts into prevention and combining fire prevention with fire fighting, and shall adhere to the principle of combining the efforts of both specialized organizations and the masses and carry out responsibility system on fire prevention and safety. The State Council shall led and the people's governments at all levels be responsible for fire control work. The people's government at all levels shall bring fire control work in line with the national economy and social development plan, and ensure that fire control work fit in with the economic construction and social development. The public security department of the State Council shall monitor and administer the nationwide fire control work; the public security organs of local people's governments above county level shall monitor and administer the fire control work within their administrative region and the fire control institutions of public security organs of the people's government at the same level shall be responsible for the implementation.Along with the our country economic development rapid development, the lives of the people level unceasing enhancement, the city uses to be day by day anxious, urges the building to face the direction is developing. This kind of high level civil construction repair needed materials and the way also more hasten the diversification, and along with uses electricity the load and coal gas consumption quantity enlarging, proposed to the fire auto-alarm system design is higher, a stricter request. In order to guarantee the people life and property the security, the fire auto-alarm system design has become in the high level civil construction design one of most important design contents. Presently based on the author fire of auto-alarm system design overseeing work in the high level civil building experience, proposed in present national related standard and standard unclear true detail shallow opinion, by for the colleagues to discuss and to point out mistakes.Automatic fire alarm system is by the trigger devices, fire alarm, fire alarm devices and other auxiliary functions of the device with the composition of the fire alarm system, automatic fire alarm system, automatic or manual fire alarm signal devices generate called trigger parts include fire detectors and manual fire alarm button.Fire detectorFire detectors are sensing automatic fire alarm system parts, is composed of a variety of automatic fire alarm system, key components, automatic fire alarm system is a "sense organ." It on the fire parameters (smoke, temperature, flame radiation, gas concentration, etc.) response, and automatically generate a fire alarm signal, or to the control and indicating equipment status signals sent on-site fire equipment. Fire detector is a key component in the system, his stability, reliability and sensitivity specifications are subject to many factors, so the selection and arrangement of fire detectors should be carried out strictly in accordance with specifications.Classification of fire detectorsCurrently many different types of fire detectors, there are different ways according to different classifications. 1 According to the monitoring of different fire characteristics, fire detectors can be divided into smoke, temperature, light-sensitive, complex and combustible gases such as five types, each type has its work according to different principles are divided into several.Automatic reset fire detectors. Can automatically return to monitoring status.Remote reset fire detectors. Through the remote control back to the surveillance state.Manual reset fire detectors. By manually adjusting back to the surveillance state. can not reset the fire detectors. Fire alarm signal in the production of the conditions no longer exist, the group can be swapped back to the monitor from the alarm state after state, or action can not be restored to the surveillance state.The choice of fire detectorThe choice of fire detector shall meet the following requirements:(1)Early stages of the fire smoldering phase, generate a lot of smoke and a small amount of heat, little or no flame radiation, smoke probe selection;(2) The fire developed rapidly, resulting in a lot of heat, smoke and flame radiation, smoke used probe, temperature probe, the flame sensor or a combination;(3) The fire developed rapidly, with a strong flame radiation and a small amount of smoke, heat, and use flame probe;(4)Complicated or unexpected formation characteristics of fire can be simulated to fit the experimental probe used.Fire alarm controlFire alarm control is the heart of automatic fire alarm system has the following functions:(1) To accept the fire signal and start the fire alarms. The device can also be used to indicate firelocation and recording the information.(2) Start a fire through a fire alarm signal transmitting device, or through the automatic control unit activates the automatic fire extinguishing equipment and fire fighting linkage controller.(3) Automatically monitoring system for correct operation and failure to say anything specific, light alarm.Fire alarm control classificationWide variety of fire alarm controller, according to different methods can be divided into different categories.The control can be divided into:Regional fire alarm control: direct connection of fire detectors, handling all kinds of alarm information.Concentrated fire alarm control: it is generally not connected with the fire detector, which is connected with the regional fire alarm controller, fire alarm control of district-level alarm signal sent, often used in larger systems.Control Center fire alarm control: it is both regional, centralized two or fire alarm feature of the controller, which can be used for the regional level, the connection controller; they can be used for concentration levels used to connect regional fire alarm controller.By structure type can be divided into:Wall of fire alarm control: connect the detector circuit corresponding less, control is simple, many regional police only use this type of controller.Desktop fire alarm control: a few more connections detector circuit, linkage control more complex, centralized alarm often used this way.Box type fire alarm control: multi-loop connection can be realized with sophisticated control linkage.The system wiring is divided into:Multi-wire fire alarm control: detector and controller correspond to the connection method used.B system, fire alarm control: the controller and the detector connected by bus, detectors parallel or series on the bus.Fire alarm control functionsFire alarm: When you receive the detector, manual alarm switch, fire hydrant switch and input module is connected with the equipment issued to the fire signal, the alarm may be in alarm.Failure Alarm: The system time-sharing running control inspection, if an exception (equipment failure) the issue of sound, light alarm signal and displays the fault type and encoding.Fire priority: the failure to deal with fire alarm or, if the fire was reported the fire, and when the fire reportedly cleared automatically after the original failure.The time clock and the memory of the fire: when the system clock to go through the software programming, with a corresponding memory cell, memory, time of the accident.Self-test function: In order to improve the reliability of alarm systems, the controller sets the checking can be regular or irregular inspections of fire-First, design basisThe fire auto-alarm system design is a specialized very strong technology work, at the same time also has the very strong policy-type. Therefore, first should be clear about the following design basis: 1st, must grasp the architectural design fire protection standard, the system design standard, the equipment manufacture standard, the installment construction approval standard and the administration laws and regulations and so on five big aspects fire laws and regulations, and in practical understanding present country related standard and standard positive word: "Must", "be supposed", "to be suitable", "may" and the reverse side word: "Strictly prohibits", "should not", "not have", "not to be suitable" the meaning.2nd, must aim at high level civil building function, use and the protection object fire protection rank, earnestly carries out the present national related standard, earnestly treats the public security fire prevention surveillance department the examination and approval opinion.Second, fire auto-alarm system equipment establishmentFire detector establishmentOpens wide either the seal or the stair hall should alone divide the search coverage.Room (including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against the front room which smoke stair hall comes in handy) and the aisle should distinguish alone to divide the search coverage, specially front the room and the lift well, the scattered stair hall and the aisle are interlinked, has time the fire haze to be easier to gather or to flow, is the personnel disperses which saves goal with the fire prevention, therefore should install the fire detector. Regarding common elevator in front of room although is not the personnel disperses , but this front room and the lift well are interlinked, has time the fire haze to be also easy to gather or to flow, suitably alone divides thesearch coverage and installs the fire detector.The electric cable shaft therefore is easy to form pulls out the smoke inflammation the channel; Has when the fire the fire intensity not easily extends along the electric cable burns, for this, "the high level civil construction design fire protection standard" and "the civil construction electricity design standard" separately proposes the detailed specific stipulation in the construction and in the electric wire or on the electric cable shaping. But considered implements specifically the difficulty and the present situation, the electric cable shaft installs the fire detector is extremely essential, and coordinates the shaft the fire protection separation request, each 2 ~ 3 or each level installs.The elevator machine room should install the fire detector, its elevator is the important vertical transportation vehicle. when has the fire, the lift well often becomes the fire intensity spread the channel, is easy to threaten the elevator machine room the facility. Therefore, the elevator machine room establishes the fire detector is necessary, crown of also suitable establishment fire detector lift well.2nd, the manual fire reports to the police the button establishmentRoom (Including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in view of various floors front room in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against which smoke stair hall to come in handy the front room) is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with fire prevention, should report to the police the button first choice spot as the establishment manual fire. In addition, the room also should establish the manual fire to the common elevator in front of to report to the police the button.In the public active place (including hall, dining room, multi-purpose hall and so on) and the main thoroughfare and so on place, the personnel very is all centralized, and mainly disperses the channel. Therefore should report to the police the button in these public active places main access establishment manual fires; The manual fire establishes which in the main thoroughfare reports to the police the button to guarantee "to a manual fire which most is close to reports to the police the button distance from a fire protection district any position not to be supposed to be bigger than 30 meters".3rd, the fire emergency broadcasts the speaker the establishmentThe aisle, the hall, the dining room and so on the public place personnel very are all centralized, and mainly disperses the channel. Therefore should press in these public places "to a recent speaker distance is not bigger than 25 meters from a fire protection district any spot" and "in the aisle last should not be bigger than 12.5 meters the speaker to the aisle terminal distance" the establishment fire emergency to broadcast the speaker; Next also should establish the fire in the public bathroom place emergency to broadcast the speaker.Room (including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against which smoke stair hall to come in handy the front room) is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with fire prevention, also has the fire door separation and the sounds of people is confused and noisy, therefore should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker. In front of the common elevator the room also should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker. Disperses the stair hall also is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with the fire prevention, also the sounds of people are confused and noisy, therefore should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker, by favors the fire emergency broadcast to disperse the instruction.4th, fire alarm installment establishmentThe establishment fire emergency broadcast fire auto-alarm system, the author thought also should install the fire alarm installment, but its control procedure should be: The alarm apparatus should confirm after the fire, uses manual or the automatic control mode unification to the fire correlation region transmission warning, stops the alarm apparatus work in the stipulation time, the rapid linkage fire emergency broadcast and broadcasts to the people disperses the instruction.The fire alarm establishment position, the author thought should report to the police the button position w installment ith the manual fire to be same, its wall surface installment should for be apart from the ground 1.8 meters highly5th, fire special use telephone establishmentInstalls the fire special use telephone extension telephone, should be located the engine room which related also some people is on duty frequently with the fire linkage control (including fire water plant, spare electricity generation engine room, matches substation, mainly ventilates with air conditioning engine room, discharges fume engine room, fireprevention elevator machine room and other), the fire fighting control system operates the equipment place or the control room, the fire duty officers observation room, the security manages spot and so on public room.In the fire elevator and the ordinary elevator all should suppose the special use telephone, requests the elevatorm achine room and the elevator sedan theater box, the elevator machine room and the fire control room, the elevator sedan theater box and the fire control room and so on three compositions is reliable to speaks the correspondence telephone system. Usually in fire control room; The establishment elevator monitoring demonstration plate (including position indicator, direction indicating lamp, to speaks correspondence telephone, trouble lamp and so on), in order to carries on the necessity to the elevator running status which in the surveillance and the emergency case controls.Is equipped with the manual fire to report to the police position and so on button, fire hydrant button also should install the fire special use telephone receptacle.Third, fire linkage control1st, the fire linkage control should include the control fire pump to open, to stop, also should demonstrate opens pumps the button the position and the fire pump work and the malfunction. When the fire hydrant is equipped with the fire hydrant button, its electric installation work spot also should demonstrate the fire pump the working mode active status (namely establishment fire pump work indicating lamp).2nd, the fire linkage control should include the control spraying of water and the water atomization fire fighting system opens, stops, also should demonstrate the fire pump the work and the malfunction and the fluent display, reports to the police the valve, the safety signal valve working mode active status. In addition, to the basin, the water tank water level also should carry on the demonstration monitor; In order to prevent the overhaul signal valve is shut down, the author thought should use the belt electric signal the control signal valve by to demonstrate it opens the condition.3rd, the fire linkage control other controls and the demonstration function, should carry out the present national related standard and the standard specific stipulation.Fourth, fire auto-alarm system wiringIn order to prevent the fire occurs when the fire control, the correspondence and the warning line severance, causes the fire fighting work to be unable to carry on, creates the bigger economic loss; Also for the suppression electronmagetic interference (for example transformer, electric motor, electric cable and so on) the influence which produces to the fire auto-alarm system. The fire auto-alarm system transmission line and the fire control, the correspondence and the warning line should use the being flame-resistant electric cable, and should use the metal tube or the enclosed metal trunking protection. The fire manual positive governing installment line should use the fireproof electric cable, its electric cable also should use the metal tube or the enclosed metal trunking protection. Uses Ming Fushi, should takes the fire protection protective measures on the metal tube or the enclosed metal trunking.Fifth, concluding remarkThe author rests on the concrete project to implement the experience, elaborated the design basis, fire auto-alarm design actual problem and so on system equipment establishment, fire linkage control and its wiring pulls out some shallow opinions, its goal is enhances the fire auto-alarm system the design quality, discovered early and the notification fire, prevented and reduces the fire to harm, by protects the person and the property safety.防火报警系统消防工作贯彻预防为主、消防结合的方针，坚持专门机关与群众相结合的原则，实行防火安全责任制。
火灾自动报警系统_毕业设计初稿
火灾自动报警系统摘要目前，随着电子产品在人类生活中的使用越来越广泛，由此引起的火灾也越来越多，在我们生活得四周到处潜伏着火灾隐患。
为了避免火灾以及减少火灾造成的损失，我们必须按照“隐患险于明火，防患胜于救灾，责任重于泰山”的概念设计和完善火灾自动报警系统，将火灾消灭在萌芽状态，最大限度地减少社会财富的损失。
本系统可安装在各防火单位，它负责不断地向所监视的现场发车巡检信号，监视现场的温度、浓度等，并不断反馈给报警控制器，控制器将接到的信号与内存的正常整定值比较、判断确定火灾。
当发生火灾时，可实现声光报警、故障自诊断、浓度显示、报警限设置、延时报警及与上位机串口通信等，是一种结构简单、性能稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾传感器，具有一定的实用价值。
关键词：单片机；火灾报警；传感器ABSTRACTNow, with electronic products used in human life more and more widely, the resulting fire, more and more, we live in fire hazards lurking around everywhere. To avoid fires and reduce fire losses, we must follow the "hidden dangers fire in prevention is better than disaster relief, the responsibility is extremely heavy," the concept design and improvement of automatic fire alarm system, fire nipped in the bud, the maximum reduce the loss of social wealth.The system can be installed in all fire units, which is responsible for continuously monitoring the site to start the inspection signal, monitor the site of temperature, concentration, and continuous feedback to the alarm controller, the controller will receive the signal and the normal memory setting value was determined by comparing to determine the fire. When fire occurs, can achieve sound and light alarm, fault diagnosis, concentration display, alarm limit settings, delay alarm and serial communication with the host computer is a simple structure, stable performance, easy to use, inexpensive, intelligent smoke sensor, has some practical value.Keywords ：SCM；fire alarm; sensor目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT (II)目录 .................................................................................................. I II 绪论 . (1)1.1 概述 (1)1.2 国内外的研究现状 (1)1.3 课题研究的背景和意义 (3)第2章火灾报警系统整体方案设计 (5)2.1火灾产生原理及过程 (5)2.2 系统总体方案设计 (7)2.2.1 系统总体功能概述 (7)2.2.2 系统硬件总体构架 (8)2.2.3 系统软件总体构架 (9)2.3 火灾报警系统的类型 (10)2.4 火灾探测器的原理 (11)第3章火灾报警系统硬件设计 (13)3.1 系统核心芯片选择 (13)3.1.1 传感器介绍 (13)3.1.2 ISD1420语音芯片 (14)3.1.3 80C51芯片 (17)3.1.4 A/D转换芯片 (21)3.1.5 数码管显示电路 (24)3.2 单片机外围接口电路 (26)3.2.1 晶振电路 (26)3.2.2 复位电路 (26)3.3 数据采集电路 (27)3.4 信号处理电路 (31)3.5 报警电路 (32)3.5.1 语音报警电路 (32)3.5.2 光报警电路 (32)3.6 数码管显示电路 (34)第4章火灾报警系统软件设计 (35)4.1 软件开发环境 (35)4.2 火灾报警系统程序设计 (36)4.2.1 主程序流程图 (36)4.2.2 主程序初始化流程图 (38)4.2.3 数据采集子程序 (39)4.2.4 火灾判断与报警程序 (41)结论 (43)致谢 (45)附录1 电路原理图 (1)附录2 系统程序 (1)附录3 外文翻译 (5)绪论1.1 概述无线火灾传感器硬件和软件平台的设计对于整个系统的开发与应用至关重要，作为整个系统的底层支持，其必然向微型化、高度集成化、网络化、节能化、智能化的方向发展，近几年，随着计算机成本下降和微处理器体积缩小，开发和构造火灾智能无线报警系统将有广阔的应用前景。
火灾自动报警系统毕业设计开题报告
火灾自动报警系统毕业设计开题报告学号天津城建大学毕业设计开题报告火灾自动报警与消防控制系统学生姓名专业名称电气工程及其自动化指导教师控制与机械工程学院年4 月18日毕业设计开题报告题目名称：火灾自动报警与消防控制系统1.课题背景（所选课题的来源、开发目的和意义，国内外现状）本课题来源于智能家居中的消防与安防系统，消防与安防是智能家居的重要组成部分，消防部分承担着火灾发生时自动报警并开启消防喷头、语音报警、疏散引导等功能，安防部分承担着家庭防盗、室内外环境危害检测及报警等功能。
开发目的：能够及时监测到环境中有无火灾，火灾一旦发生将实现声光报警，并自动打电话给户主提示家中有火灾隐患，同时打开消防设施等采取有效措施控制火情的发展，将火灾消灭在萌芽状态，以确保人身财产安全，最大限度地减少损失。
安防部分为当有人从窗户进入时发短信给户主并自动报警，室内有害气体超标检测及燃气泄露报警。
意义：随着电子产品在人类生活中的使用越来越广泛，由此引起的火灾也越来越多，在我们生活的四周到处潜伏着火灾隐患。
智能化火灾报警系统已并非传统意义上的简单的报警设备，而是融入了计算机技术、电子技术、自动控制技术、传感器的应用等各领域知识。
伴随着科学技术的不断进步，火灾报警系统必将得到更快的发展。
国内外现状：随着社会的进步以及人们生活水平的提高，人们对于家居环境的要求也不再只是简单的物质空间，更为关注的是一个高度安全、舒适以及美观方便的居住环境，也即是当下最为热门的智能家居。
由于智能家居系统还缺乏统一明确的国际标准，许多公司开发出的产品都是基于自己组建的网络和信息交换协议，很多产品是针对特定的组网环境开发的，部分核心技术没有对外公布，技术复杂，直接导致了使用范围的局限性。
再者，缺乏对应的第三方产品，各个接入设备之间不能兼容，互操作性差，不利于产品的扩充，因而进一步局限了产品的发展。
再加上，有的系统成本过高，严重影响了产品的普及。
因此设计一个符合国家国情和规范的集远程控制和本地控制为一体的智能家居控制系统是非常具有现实意义的，且势在必行。
烟雾报警器设计[开题报告]
![烟雾报警器设计[开题报告]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/20882afe3169a4517623a3a9.png)
最后，采购制作时所需用的材料，对各元件根据电路进行连接制作出烟雾警报器[9-10]。
烟雾报警器系统设计方案框图
四、课题研究进度计划
开题报告
电子信息工程
烟雾报警器设计
一、课题研究意义及现状
二、课题研究的主要内容和预期目标
以完成对烟雾参数的检测，超过一定浓度时发出警报，警醒人们采取必要措施的功能[8]。
三、课题研究的方法及措施
首先，通过网上、图书馆查找烟雾报警器的基本工作原理，并对收集到的相关文献资料进行系统的整理，对寻找的几种类型的烟雾报警器制作方案进行分析总结，并决定自己的制作方案
2012.4.2 ~ 2012.4.18：上交毕业设计相关文档和制作的烟雾报警器，准备好答辩PPT。
五、参考文献
[1] 肖宾宾，涂六梅，龙祖强，基于MSP430单片机的家用烟雾报警器的设计[J].《电子技术》；2011年08期
[2]李春红.国外家庭住宅防火拾零[J].山东消防,2003,(06) .
2011.7.9 ~ 2011.11.19： 阅读相关文献并撰写文献综述，完成外文文献的翻译，完成开题报告。
201本内容并用开始对电路进行连接2012.1.1 ~ 2012.1.21：撰写毕业设计论文，完成初稿。
2012.1.22 ~ 2012.4.1：对毕业论文进行修改，完成最终稿。
[3]张海宇.神奇的烟雾报警器[J].百科知识,2006,(13).
[4]叶启明.实用的火灾烟雾报警器[J].家庭电子,2004,(02).
[5] 赵勇，胡涛，传感器与检测技术，机械工业出本社 2010-09-01
消防报警系统毕业设计(论文)
毕业设计（论文）原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重承诺：所呈交的毕业设计（论文），是我个人在指导教师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的成果。
尽我所知，除文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，不包含其他人或组织已经发表或公布过的研究成果，也不包含我为获得及其它教育机构的学位或学历而使用过的材料。
对本研究提供过帮助和做出过贡献的个人或集体，均已在文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。
作者签名：日期：指导教师签名：日期：使用授权说明本人完全了解大学关于收集、保存、使用毕业设计（论文）的规定，即：按照学校要求提交毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版本；学校有权保存毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版，并提供目录检索与阅览服务；学校可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文；在不以赢利为目的前提下，学校可以公布论文的部分或全部内容。
作者签名：日期：学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的论文是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。
除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本论文不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。
对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。
本人完全意识到本声明的法律后果由本人承担。
作者签名：日期：年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解学校有关保留、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和电子版，允许论文被查阅和借阅。
本人授权大学可以将本学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索，可以采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存和汇编本学位论文。
涉密论文按学校规定处理。
作者签名：日期：年月日导师签名：日期：年月日注意事项1.设计（论文）的内容包括：1）封面（按教务处制定的标准封面格式制作）2）原创性声明3）中文摘要（300字左右）、关键词4）外文摘要、关键词5）目次页（附件不统一编入）6）论文主体部分：引言（或绪论）、正文、结论7）参考文献8）致谢9）附录（对论文支持必要时）2.论文字数要求：理工类设计（论文）正文字数不少于1万字（不包括图纸、程序清单等），文科类论文正文字数不少于1.2万字。
消防预警系统_毕业设计
目录1前言 (1)2系统方案设计 (2)2.1总体方案描述 (2)2.2方案论证 (2)2.2.1 方案一 (2)2.2.2 方案二 (3)2.2.3 方案三 (3)2.3方案选择 (4)3单元模块电路设计 (5)3.1信号采集系统电路设计 (5)3.1.1 CO2检测的意义 (5)3.1.2 CO2传感器TGS4160 (5)3.1.3 二氧化碳传感器TGS4160工作原理 (7)3.2信号调理电路设计 (9)3.2.1放大器的基本原理及应用 (9)3.2.2运算放大器TLC271的基本特点 (11)3.2.3 A/D转换基本原理 (12)3.2.4 ADC0809的结构及转换原理 (13)3.2.5 ADC0809与单片机AT89C52接口电路 (16)3.3浓度显示模块设计 (17)3.4声音报警单元电路设计 (20)3.5排烟驱动电路单元模块设计 (21)3.5.1常用继电器的工作原理 (21)3.5.2 继电器主要产品技术参数 (22)3.5.3 继电器测试 (22)3.5.4继电器的电符号和触点形式 (23)3.5.5 继电器的选用 (23)3.6单片机控制系统设计 (24)3.6.1 单片机的应用 (25)3.6.2 AT89C52介绍 (26)3.6.3 单片机外围电路设计 (29)3.7电源设计 (30)3.8系统设计 (31)4程序设计 (32)4.1程序功能介绍 (32)4.2程序流程图设计 (32)4.2.1声音报警程序流程图 (32)4.2.2 A/D转换程序流程图设计 (33)4.2.3 系统流程图设计 (34)4.3系统程序设计 (35)5结论 (38)6总结与体会 (39)7致谢 (40)8参考文献 (41)附录 (42)附录1：系统电路图 (42)附录2：外文文献翻译 (43)1前言我国消防预警系统的发展经历了从无到有，从简单到复杂的发展过程，其智能化程度也越来越高。
毕业论文（设计）开题报告火灾报警
毕业论文（设计）开题报告火灾报警毕业论文（设计）开题报告（理工类）题目：基于单片机的多传感器的火灾报警系统二级学院：年级、专业：学生姓名：学号：指导教师：日期：主要研究内容、研究意义及研究目标：1 研究内容本火灾自动报警系统应由触发器件、警报装置、显示装置以及数据处理等组成。
触发器件包括自动或者手动产生报警信号的器件，如DS18B20温度传感器，MQ-2气体传感器，手动报警按钮。
警报装置包括声音报警装置（蜂鸣器）和光报警装置（LED 灯）。
显示装置是数码管显示模块，能够实时显示由DS18B20温度传感器和MQ-2气体传感器所传送的数据。
采用AT89S52单片机作为主控芯片进行数据处理和各项操作。
其中MQ-2气体传感器需要配置放大电路和A/D 转换模块对其信号进行处理，ADC0832芯片制作A/D 转换模块。
系统框图如下：2 研究意义在我国的一些大城市中，几乎每天都发生家庭火灾，所以防火是每个家庭必须时刻注意的问题，假如能够根据您家的实际情况预先采取简单的防火措施，一些悲剧是完全可以避免的。
火灾报警器对防止家庭火灾，减少火灾损失具有现实的意义。
一系列火灾造成的惨痛损失也使我们意识到了火灾报警器的必要性。
本设计主要用于居民住宅区、机房、办公室等小型防火单位，是为人们提供的一种简单的、廉价实用的火灾自动报警装置。
3 研究目标本设计为一个由单片机控制的火灾自动报警系统，采用温度传感器和烟雾传感器，对温度及烟雾的情况进行实时监测，出现异常状况能够进行报警，起到早期发现火灾和通报火灾的作用。
手动报警AT89S52单片机温度传感器 MQ-2气体传感器 ADC0832芯片数码管显示蜂鸣器LED 灯拟采用的技术路线、研究方法及步骤：1 技术路线本火灾自动报警系统，以AT89S52单片机为主控核心，使用DS18B20温度传感器采集温度信息，并使用MQ-2气体传感器采集气体信息。
接收到的数据达到报警值时，单片机控制蜂鸣器和LED 灯进行报警；如果没有达到报警值，单片机继续接收并处理新数据。
消防设计开题报告范文
消防设计开题报告范文（中英文实用版）Title: Sample Outline for Firefighting Design Project ProposalIntroduction:The objective of this project is to design a comprehensive firefighting system that ensures the safety of buildings and their occupants.This outline will provide an overview of the project"s scope, goals, and proposed solutions.项目概述：本项目旨在设计一个全面的消防系统，确保建筑物及其居民的安全。
本大纲将概述项目的范围、目标和拟议解决方案。
Objective:The primary goal of this firefighting design project is to develop a state-of-the-art fire protection system that minimizes the risk of fire-related accidents and enhances the overall safety of structures.项目目标：本项目的主要目标是开发一个尖端的消防保护系统，旨在最大限度降低与火灾相关的风险，并提高建筑物的整体安全性。
Scope:This project will encompass the design, planning, and implementation of an integrated fire safety system.It will include the installation of fire detection, alarm, suppression, and evacuationfacilities throughout the building.项目范围：本项目将涵盖一个综合消防安全系统的设计、规划和实施。
火灾自动报警系统毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献
火灾自动报警系统毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献nal electronic fire alarm system relies on sensors to automatically detect a fire and trigger an alarm。
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火灾自动报警__开题报告
毕 业 设 计（论 文）开 题 报 告
在西方发达国家， 智能建筑火灾自动报警系统作为智能建筑设备自动化系统的重要子系 统，目前己经发展的比较成熟。首先，西方发达国家的消防体系比较完善，成立专门的 消防监控服务机构，为城市消防提供火灾报警数据通信保障服务，为消防部门提供可靠 的火灾报警信息其次，利用计算机技术、网络技术、通信技术的融合，对火灾监测系统 设备实时监控以及故障的远程传输，普遍构建了公共报警监控系统网络，将智能建筑中 的火灾自动报警系统接入网络， 从而使消防监控指挥中心能够迅速判断火灾发生的精确 位置，并调度消防部队迅速到达现场。再次，尤其是美日欧等发达国家，火灾自动报警 系统已走入家庭，并接入城市消防网，使得城市消防网络更大，覆盖的范围更广。 我国火灾报警系统起步较晚，从世纪年代才开始研制生产这类产品。自改革开 放以来，高层建筑甚至超高层建筑如同雨后春笋，蓬勃发展，使得火灾自动报警系统的 需求量迅速增加，同时也催生了火灾自动报警系统的技术创新，带动了这一行业的蓬勃 发展。我国火灾自动报警系统的研发、生产和应用的等方面不断地吸引了社会各界的人 力、物力、财力和科技的投入，并取得了令人瞩目的成就。在我国，采用的无线通信方 式的火灾自动报警系统日益受到重视。由于其具有安装简便、对建筑物无损坏作业、灵 活性好，易于扩展等优点，适用于许多场合，如名胜古迹、体育馆、博物馆、展览中心、 处于施工阶段的建筑物、医院等。火灾自动报警系统的智能性主要体现在火灾判决和统 筹管理方面，一般分为分散式、集中式和分布式，分散式系统由非智能型控制器若干智 能型探测节点组成， 由探测节点完成火灾状态的判断集中式系统由智能型控制器和若干 非智能探测节点构成，探测节点仅将火灾参量传送给控制器，由控制器智能地判断火灾 状态分布式系统的控制器和探测节点均为智能型， 也是今后火灾自动报警系统的发展方 向
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第1章
1.1
该工程为某医院住院楼。占地面积2650.8m2，建筑面积45120m2.地下1层，地上18层，建筑总高69.5m，建筑物抗震设防烈度6度，建筑耐久年限100年（一级），整栋建筑为框剪结构。
存档编号
xx大学
North China UniversityofWater Resources and Electric Power
毕 业 设 计
题目某高层建筑消防系统设计
学院xxx学院
专业消防工程
摘
本文为一栋医院楼的防排烟系统和自动报警系统设计书。本工程为一栋医院的病房楼，地下一层，地上十八层，建筑总高度69.5米属于一类建筑。本次消防系统设计包括对建筑物内走道和大厅的机械排烟系统设计，电梯厅、楼梯间和前室的机械加压送风系统设计，每个楼层的火灾报警、广播系统、消防电话系统、联动系统。
本建筑按照现行规范为自动报警一级保护对象，系统采用控制中心报警系统，按照要求划分了报警区域和探测区域，根据规范要求各层均布置智能型烟感探头、消防广播系统；出口处设有智能型声光报警器、手动报警按钮；按照要求在消防电梯前室、设备间、泵房、值班室、控制室等部位设置消防电话分机。消防控制室设在一层东侧并且可以直通楼外。整个控制系统包括控制主机、消防电话盘、消防广播盘、多线控制盘，并在每层设置楼层显示器。整个系统可以监控各处报警信号，并由主机处理后续的联动控制过程。
The building is defined as first-level protection object and is divided into several different alarm zones and detection zones in accordance with the Code for Design Automatic Fire AlarmSystem, andit is designed to be protected by controlcenteralarmsystem. Thedocumentcontainsthe arrangement of intelligent smoke detector, fire radio system,intelligent sound and light alarm equipment, manual alarm button. Fire telephone extensionsare installedin the fire elevator room, equipment room, pump room, duty room, control room and other parts accordance withrequirements. Thefire control room located at the east of the first floor and has a door to outside of thebuilding. Thewhole control system is consisted by a control host,afire telephonepanel,afire radiopaneland amulti-linecontrol panel.Also,there isa firemonitorwhich isset at each floor. Theentire system couldsupervisethe various alarm signals, and then process subsequent linkage controlprocess.
整栋建筑东西长约142米，南北宽约38米。楼内东西两侧各设有一部楼梯间和消防电梯并且连通地上18层和地下室（东西对称布置）；中部设有三部电梯和一部消防电梯，合用电梯厅，连通地下室至18层；中部还设有一防烟楼梯间，同样连通地下室至18层。其大致位置如图1-1所示。为方便描述，记西侧楼梯间为A楼梯间；东侧为B楼梯间；
建筑内有有两部楼梯并配有合用前室、一部防烟楼梯和一处消防电梯前室（电梯厅），这些部位分别做加压送风系统。楼梯间地下室设一个风口，以上每两层一个风口为常开型自垂百叶，前室及电梯厅为常闭型风口层层设置。风量计算方法使用压差法和和风速法并与规范比较去最大计算风量。各处风量及阻力计算和设备选型等见具体章节。
In exhaust system, the building is divided into different smoke partitions, which is considering with the fire district. Detailed naming method of smoke partition could be found in relevant sections of the firstchapter. Eachfloor is divided into three fire district and has similar structure.Thus, eachfloor is divided into three smoke partitions as well, except the eighteenthfloor. Areaof the smoke partition in eighteenth floor is toobig. Inorder to reduce the volume ofsystem, those partitions (S1-E, S3-W) at eighteenth floor is divided into three smaller partitions at last, which are named as Y1-3.Smoke exhaust system isa kind ofcentralized system which is charged with threesmoke partitionsby using three exhaustfans. All of the smokepartitions areconnected by vertical shaft. The building is divided into three parts in the horizontaldirection. Oneexhaustvent is designed in each smokepartition. Themost negative points ofthesystem areallin thebasement.For detailed information of vents, pipes, fans etc. please read relevant chapters.
Inside the building there are two stairs both of which have a front compartment, a stairwell and a fire elevator room (elevator hall). These parts are designedto set pressurized air supplysystem. Insidestairwell, there is installed one vent in basement and oneventeach two floor, and all of them are opened in peacetime. Vents in elevator hell and front compartment are installed in each floor and the type of them is normallyclosed. Thecalculation of mechanical smokesystem used the air pressure method and flow method,which were mentioned in the present code and commonly used in practice,andtake the maximum amount of them as the calculationvolume. Fordetailed information of air volume,resistancecalculation and equipment selection, etc. please readtherelevant chapter.
外地平标高-1米，一层标高±0米。地下1层，层高5.3米，主要为设备房、机房、水泵房、遗体告别室、焚化间、停尸房等。1层，层高4.3米，主要为为挂号收费室、礼品店、商务间等；13层层高4.3米，主要为病人恢复、活动区；18层为手术室，层高4.3米；其余楼层为标准层，层高均为4.3米，房间布置也均为高级病房等标准层平面图如图1-1所示，其余各层平面轮廓相似，仅内部房间划分不相同。
排烟系统根据防火分区首先划分防烟分区，并为每个防烟分区命名，具体命名方法见第一章相关章节。每层均为三个防火分区，由于楼层结构相似除十八层外每层均为三个防烟分区，每个防火分区内一个。由于十八层排烟面积过大，为降低系统排烟量将十八层两个防烟分区S1（东侧）和S3（西侧）各再分为三个防烟分区（Y1-3）。排烟系统为集中排烟方式，共三部排烟风机分别由排烟竖井连接各防烟分区，在水平方向上将大楼划分为三部分。每个防烟分区设置一个排烟口。三个部分的系统最不利点均在地下室。据计算数据选择风口、管道、风机，详细过程见具体章节。
关键词：消防工程，防排烟工程，火灾自动报警，毕业设计
Abstract
This is a smoke control system and automatic alarm system design documentfor a hospital building.The project is a hospital building, includingaone-floor-basement, eighteen floors above theground.Building height is 69.5 meters and the class of the building isone. Thefire protection system design is composed by mechanical smoke exhaust system design for corridors and halls, pressurized air supply system design for elevator hall, stairwelland frontcompartment, firealarm system, fire broadcast system, fire tege system.