2021届河北衡水中学新高考原创预测试卷(十)英语

2021届河北衡水中学新高考原创预测试卷（十）英语★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1、考试范围：高考范围。

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第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分）（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AThe latest diet trend in America is also an ancient human activity. The activity is fasting, or not eating food for a set amount of time.Social media apps and Facebook groups are appearing for p eople who do “intermittent fasting,” or fasting on a part-time basis. Like other diets, intermittent fasting helps you lose weight by setting limits on eating. But instead of limiting what you eat, it limits when you eat.Melissa Breaux Bankston is a Crossfit instructor in New Orleans, Louisiana. She tried intermittent fasting as a way to reduce her snacking. “I wanted to limit the amount of time that I was eating,” she said.However, for now, limited research suggests it may not be any better for weight loss than reducing calorie intake over the long term.“It’s really another way of fooling your body into eating less calories,” said Krista Varady, whostudies intermittent fasting at the University of Illinois at Chicago.Courtney Peterson, of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, also studies intermittent fasting. She suggested the benefits of intermittent fasting are not as great as some might suggest. “Unfortunately, intermittent fasting gets a little hyped,” she said.Some health experts say intermittent fasting might be too difficult for many people. They point to a study of 100 people where those placed in a fasting group lost about the same amount of weight as those on diets that restricted calories. The fasting group had a dropout rate of 38 percent, compared with 29 percent for the caloric-restriction diet group.But intermittent fasting may be easier for people who already skip meals when they are too busy, said Varady. People interested in intermittent fasting should talk to their doctor before trying it. Health experts do not recommend intermittent fasting for children, people on some medications and people with a history of eating disorders.1. What do intermittent fasting and other diets have in common?A. They limit what you eat.B. They limit when you eat.C. They help people lose weightD. They are on a part-time basis.2. What does the underlined word “hyped” in paragraph 6 mean?A. IgnoredB. Overstated.C. Welcomed.D. Rejected.3. Which statement is right according to the passage?A. Intermittent fasting is very effective.B. Intermittent fasting is difficult for all people.C. People can try intermittent fasting as they like.D. All people are not advised to do intermittent fasting.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了美国的新饮食趋势——间歇性禁食。

【1题详解】细节理解题。

根据第二段Like other diets, intermittent fasting helps you lose weight by setting limits on eating. 可知，与其他节食方法一样，间歇性禁食通过限制饮食来帮助你减重。

故选C。

【2题详解】词义猜测题。

根据划线单词前一句She suggested the benefits of intermittent fasting are not as greatas some might suggest.可知，她表明间歇性禁食的好处并不像有些人建议的那么大。

再结合划线单词所在句Unfortunately, intermittent fasting gets a little hyped,可知，因为间歇性禁食的好处并不像有些人建议的那么大，由此可知划线单词“hyped”的意思是“夸大陈述”。

故选B。

【3题详解】细节理解题。

根据第6段She suggested the benefits of intermittent fasting are not as great as some might suggest.（她表明间歇性禁食的好处并不像有些人建议的那么大）可知，选项A的描述错误；根据倒数第二段Some health experts say intermittent fasting might be too difficult for many people. （一些健康专家说，间歇性禁食对很多人来说可能太难了。

）可知，选项B的描述错误；根据最后一段People interested in intermittent fasting should talk to their doctor before trying it.（对间歇性禁食感兴趣的人在尝试之前应该和他们的医生谈谈。

）可知，选项C的描述错误；根据文章最后一句Health experts do not recommend intermittent fasting for children, people on some medications and people with a history of eating disorders.（健康专家不建议儿童、服用某些药物的人以及有饮食失调史的人间歇性禁食。

）可知，选项 D. All people are not advised to do intermittent fasting. ( 不建议所有人都做间歇性禁食。

) 的描述正确。

故选D。

BIt began as a game: High school and college students studying computer technology figured out they could use personal computers to break into telephone company computers and make free,long-distance telephone calls. These young computer talents soon gained the name "hackers".Police arrested a few hackers, but many went on to even more complex hacking. One of them was arrested for making illegal telephone calls and later he used a phone to change a police officer's credit records to get back at the officer for arresting him. He also used a computer to change his college records to give himself better grades.As hackers gained experience, they began invading computers at banks, airlines and other businesses. In one case a hacker instructed an airline' s computer to give him free airplane tickets.The U.S. government is worried that hackers may break into its networks of defense computers. The government's secrets are easily attacked because thousands of government computers are connected by telephone lines that hackers can get into.In November 1988, a college student entered a U.S. Defense Department computer network called Arpanet. The hacker injected a computer program that made copies of itself throughout Arpanet. Some hackers use viruses to destroy all the data in a computer. But in this case, government officialsshut down the network before the program reached every computer in the system. Shutting down the system angered many researchers who were using the computers. The hacker turned himself in to the police and he was charged with a crime.The incident put the spotlight on computer hacking in the United States. Many companies have hired experts to protect their computers from hackers, and many computer experts now advise companies on how to protect their computers.The U.S. government believes foreign governments have hired hackers to try to break intotop-secret defense computers.Experts disagree over whether a computer network can ever be safe from hacking. But in the future, some of the most outstanding minds in the U.S. will be working to frustrate the attempts of computer hackers.4. What did the first hackers do?A. They broke into government computers.B. They destroyed airplane ticket systems.C. They played computer games.D. They made free phone calls.5. Why can U.S. government computers be easily hacked into?A. They have no defense systems.B. They are connected by telephone lines.C. They are partly accessible to the public.D. They lack complex processing programs.6. What happened to the government computers in November 1988?A. They lost all of the important data.B. They were shut down by researchers.C. They were invaded by a college student.D. They got totally ruined by a computer program.7. What did companies decide to do to protect their computer systems?A. Employ computer talents.B. Build secret defense systems.C. Ask the government for help.D. Collect and analyze the data of hackers. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了“黑客”的由来和威胁，以及公司和政府对此做出的应对措施。