被动语态(2)资料讲解
英语被动语态知识讲解
英语被动语态知识讲解一, 概述英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词（简写为p.p）”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋p.p Many people speak English.--- English is spoken by many people.。
一般过去时：was／were＋p.p He opened the door.他开了门。
(主动句)The door was opened.门被开了。
(被动句)情态动词can / may / must / should + be + p.p.We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.二、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
(不知谁偷的)(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The window was broken by Mike. This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
三、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
(4)含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。
You ought to take it away.-------It ought to be taken away.They should do it at once.-----It should be done at once.四、特殊句子的被动语态1.双宾语句子如何变成被动语态英语有些句子含有两个宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语。
被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)
被动语态知识点讲解(更全面,思路清晰)被动语态知识点讲解被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念之一，它在句子中常常用来强调动作的接受者或者对象。
在本文中，我们将详细介绍被动语态的用法和结构，并提供一些实例用以帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。
一、什么是被动语态被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的接受者或对象，而动作的执行者成为句子的宾语或介词短语。
被动语态使用助动词“be”加上动词的过去分词形式构成。
二、被动语态的结构根据被动语态的不同时态，其结构会有些许变化。
下面我们将一一介绍几种常见时态的被动语态结构：1. 一般现在时态：被动语态的一般现在时结构为：[be(am/is/are)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：She writes a book.被动句：A book is written by her.2) 主动句：They make delicious cakes.被动句：Delicious cakes are made by them.2. 现在进行时态：被动语态的现在进行时结构为：[be(am/is/are)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：He is washing the car.被动句：The car is being washed by him.2) 主动句：They are building a house.被动句：A house is being built by them.3. 一般过去时态：被动语态的一般过去时结构为：[be(was/were)] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：She bought a new car.被动句：A new car was bought by her.2) 主动句：They painted the wall.被动句：The wall was painted by them.4. 过去进行时态：被动语态的过去进行时结构为：[be(was/were)] + [being] + [过去分词] + [by + 主语执行者]示例：1) 主动句：He was cleaning the house.被动句：The house was being cleaned by him.2) 主动句：They were repairing the car.被动句：The car was being repaired by them.三、被动语态的用法被动语态的使用可以有多种情况，下面是几个常见的用法：1. 强调行为的接受者：被动语态可以强调动作的接受者或者对象，使其在句子中得到突出。
英语语法被动语态讲解
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被动语态（2）资料讲解
被动语态（2）资料讲解被动语态（2）5. 带双宾语、带复合宾语的动词以及带表语的连系动词带双宾语的动词：A1). give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. (给某⼈某物)2).offer sb sth= offer sth to sb (向某⼈主动提供某物)3).hand/ pass sb sth = hand / pass sth to sb (递给某⼈某物)4).tell sb sth =tell sth to sb (告诉某⼈某事)5).write sb. sth = write sth to sb (给某⼈写封信)6).show sb sth = show sth. to sb (给某⼈看某物)7).post sb. Sth. = post sth. to sb. (给某⼈邮寄某物)8).promise sb. Sth. = promise sth. to sb. (答应某⼈某事)9).sell sb. Sth. = sell sth. to sb. (卖某物给某⼈)10).send sb. Sth. = send sth. to sb. (送（寄给）给他⼀件礼物)11).return sb. Sth. = return sth. to sb. (还给某⼈某物)12).teach them a song (教某⼈⼀⾸歌)13).read sb. letter = read a letter to sb. (给他读⼀封信)14).wish sb. good luck.(祝愿某⼈交好运)15). bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.把某物给某⼈带来16). lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某⼈17). supply sb sth.=supply sth. to sb.给某⼈提供某物B1).buy sb. Sth. = buy sth. for sb. (给某⼈买某物)2).draw sb. a picture = draw a picture for sb. (给某⼈画画)3).make him a cake = make a cake for him (给他们做蛋糕)4).sing him a song = sing a song for him (给他唱⾸歌)5).provide sb. sth.=provide sth. for sb.给某⼈提供某物6).build sb a house = build a house for sb (给某⼈建造房⼦)7).borrow sb. sth. = borrow sth. from sb.向某⼈借某物8). lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某⼈带复合宾语(宾语和宾语补⾜语)的动词：1).call him Jack.(叫他杰克)2).name Tom Little Monkey(叫汤姆⼩猴⼦)3).make him our manager(推选他担任我们的经理)4).make our country rich and strong(使我们的国家富强起来)5).make the children stay at home (使孩⼦们呆在家⾥)6).let him do the housework 让他⼲家务活)7).let the boy in/ out (让那个男孩进来、出去)8).have the machine running (让机器运转)9).have them work day and night(让他们⽇⽇夜夜⼲活)10).keep them waiting for a long time (让他们等很长时间)11).keep the students in their classroom (使学⽣在教室⾥)12).keep the room tidy and clean(保持房间整洁)13).find the door open(发现门是开着的)14). find(see/notice /observe/ hear/ feel ) the girl helping her mother do the housework (发现，看见，注意到，听见，感觉到那个⼥孩在帮她妈妈⼲家务活)15) . find(see/notice /observe/ hear/ feel ) his father repair the computer (发现，看见，注意到，听见，感觉到)他的⽗亲修好了电脑带表语的连系动词:1).look happy (显得, 看上去⾼兴)2).sound nice (听起来优美动听)3).taste terrible (吃起来，尝起来难吃)4).smell good (闻起来⾹)5).feel lucky(感到幸运)6).keep silent(保持安静)7).stay open(⼀直开着)8) .go hungry(挨饿)9).seem interesting(似乎有趣)10).The weather remains hot.(天⽓仍然很热)11). His dream came true.(他梦想成真)12).Our life is getting/ becoming better and better.(我们的⽣活变得越来越好)13). His face turned red.(他的脸变红了)14). The man grew angry. (那个⼈⽣⽓了)15). His father fell ill yesterday.他的⽗亲昨天⽣病了7. 带直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。
被动语态知识点讲解
被动语态语法专项讲解与训练(一) 语态分类：英语动词分主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
every day. (主动)The room(承) is cleaned(谓动) by Tom(执) every day. (被动)被动语态结构：助动词be + 动词的过去分词done，即be done ，常译为“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动关系。
(二) 被动语态的用法(1) 动作的执行者很明显。
这时往往不用by 短语。
Word processing skills are taught in our computer lessons.(2)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
Some new computers were stolen last night.(3) 突出或强调动作的承受者。
如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。
The window was broken by Mike. 窗户是迈克打破的。
(三) 被动语态的时态变化：通过助动词be的各种时态变化来体现，done不变。
注意主语的单、复数变化。
以do为例，掌握下列时态的被动结构，形式变化如下：1．一般现在时：am / is / are + done2．一般过去时：was / were + done3．一般将来时：shall / will + be done am/is/are going to be done4．现在完成时：have / has + been + done5．情态动词：can/may/must/should/have to be done以下时态的被动语态作一般了解：现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done过去完成时：had + been + done 过去将来时：should / would + be done(四) 主动语态变被动语态的方法My aunt invited me to her dinner party.执行者动词承受者→I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party.承受者谓语by+执行者1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
被动语态讲解
过去时被动语态
构成方式
be动词的过去式（ was/were）+过去分词
用法
表示过去的动作，强调动 作承受者
例句
The window was broken by the boy.（窗户被那个 男孩打破了。）
将来时被动语态
构成方式
01
will be+过去分词
用法
02
表示将来的动作，强调动作承受者
例句
将主动句中的动词变 为被动形式（be + 过去分词）。
保留原句主语作为by短语出现情况
当需要强调动作的执行者时， 可以保留原句主语作为by短语 出现。
当被动句的主语是泛指或不明 确时，可以保留原句主语作为 by短语来明确动作的执行者。
当需要对比主动句和被动句时 ，可以保留原句主语作为by短 语来保持句子的一致性。
03
不要过度使用被动语态 ，以免导致句子显得生 硬、不自然。
04
在某些情况下，主动语 态和被动语态可交替使 用，以达到不同的表达 效果。
04 被动语态转换技 巧及实例分析
将主动句转换为被动句方法论述
找出主动句中的宾语 ，将其作为被动句的 主语。
将主动句的主语作为 被动句的by短语出现 ，或者省略by短语。
过去分词是动词的一种形式，用于 表示动作的完成或被动。在被动语 态中，过去分词与助动词be一起 构成谓语。
主语
被动语态中的主语通常是动作的承 受者，而不是执行者。主语可以是
名词、代词、数词等。
宾语（可选）
在某些情况下，被动语态中也可以 包含宾语，用于进一步说明动作的 对象或结果。但宾语不是被动语态
的必要成分。
被动语态讲解
目 录
被动语态ppt (2)
被动语态ppt1. 引言被动语态是英语中非常常见的语法结构之一，它在表达句子时强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
在本次分享中，我们将学习被动语态的基本概念、使用方法以及常见的应用场景。
2. 什么是被动语态被动语态是英语中用来表示动作的接受者（即主语）是句子的主要组成部分的语法结构。
它与主动语态相对，主动语态强调执行动作的主体。
被动语态的构成： - 形式：be动词 + 过去分词 - 主语：动作的接受者3. 被动语态的使用方法被动语态的使用方法主要取决于以下几个因素： - 动作的重要性 - 对象的重要性 - 作者的意图在下面的例子中，我们将展示如何将主动语态转换为被动语态：•主动语态：She eats five apples every day.•被动语态：Five apples are eaten by her every day.可以看到，被动语态将注意力从执行动作的主体转移到了动作的接受者。
被动语态在不同的应用场景中起到不同的作用，下面我们介绍几个常见的应用场景。
4.1. 科研领域在科研领域，被动语态常常用于描述研究结果和实验过程： - The results of the study were analyzed. - The experiments were conducted in a controlled environment.使用被动语态可以突出研究结果或者实验过程的重要性。
4.2. 新闻报道在新闻报道中，被动语态可以用来突出事件的重要性和影响： - The bridgewas washed away by the flood. - The suspect has been arrested by the police.通过使用被动语态，可以使新闻报道更加客观、中立，并且突出事件的重要性。
4.3. 说明书在说明书中，被动语态常常用于描述产品的制造过程和使用方法： - The product is made from high-quality materials. - The machine should be operated by trained personnel only.被动语态可以帮助清晰地描述制造过程和操作方法，并确保读者正确理解。
被动语态讲解.ppt课件
词 歌诀：被动语态be最字新课变件 ，过去分词跟后面 19
动词过去分词的变化:
1.规则动词的过去分词：
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed 2)以不发音e结尾的加-d
watch---watched practice---practiced
3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed study---studied
4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该
辅音字母，再加-ed
stop---stopped
Li Hongping
最新课件
1
Where is tea produced in China?
Anxi and Hangzhou are widely known for their tea.
How is tea produced?
Tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains.
2. They should sing some beautiful songs.
Some beautiful songs should be sung
by them.
最新课件
25
(四)被动语态的特殊情况:
1.在主动语态中,make, let, hear, see, watch,
notice等词,其后跟省略to的动词不定式(动
3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:
2018考研英语翻译语法讲解：被动语态(2)_毙考题
下载毙考题APP免费领取考试干货资料，还有资料商城等你入驻邀请码：8806 可获得更多福利2018考研英语翻译语法讲解：被动语态（2）第二种，翻译成无主句，即将被动结构中的主语翻译为汉语的宾语。
多为动作发出者一目了然或者不需要挖掘出动作发出者的情况。
1)Legal steps should be taken to reduce the high rates of traffic accident .2)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe . (2005，46)第一个例句中包含被动语态should be taken，此处可以转换成主动，翻译为必须采取法律措施来降低交通事故的高发率，这是符合汉语表达习惯的。
第二个例句的定语从句by which these feelings are created and conveyed中，包含被动结构are created and conveyed 。
该被动结构的主语是these feelings 。
若按字面翻译，通过电视这个手段，这些感受被引发和传递，这显然不符合地道汉语表达。
动作create and convey和these feelings之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此可以翻译为引发和传递这些感受。
将其与定语从句合并之后，即得到译文引发和传递这些感受的手段。
整句话的参考译文电视是产生和表达这些感受的手段之一——在欧洲近来发生的事件中，它把不同的民族和国家连在一起，其作用之大，前所未有。
考试使用毙考题，不用再报培训班。
英语语法被动语态讲解
英语语法被动语态讲解英语语法被动语态讲解1.被动语态的构成由于不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态，只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词be+过去分词”。
注意：“be+过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词(如 be，feel，look，seem等)后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。
如：My bike is broken.(我的自行车坏了。
)The door is open.(门开了。
)2.主动语态改被动语态的方法1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。
2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。
如：He gave the boy an apple.→ The boy was given an a pple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)Her father bought her a present.→ She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。
如：They watched the children sing that morning.→ Th e children were watched to sing that morning.4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。
被动语态详解
被动语态讲解一、总述：英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice)和被动语态（The Passive Voice).主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
二、被动语态的形式1) 常用时态的被动语态的构成：被动语态的基本形式为助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词，即be done。
被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
以give 为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + given一般过去时：was / were +given一般将来时：shall / will +be+ given过去进行时：was / were + being + given现在进行时：am / is / are + being + given过去完成时：had + been + given现在完成时：have / has + been + given将来完成时：shall / will + have been + given过去将来时：should / would +be+ given现在完成进行时：have/has been being done含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
2）被动语态的否定式:在第一个助动词后加not构成。
Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。
3）被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。
英语中考专项训练与讲解-被动语态2
His father ________ ________ ________ very well by him.
6. I saw him cross the road just now.
He ________ ________ ________ ________ the road by me just now.
还原to
hear / see / make sb. do sth.等变被动时，把to加上。
She made me stand in front of the door.她让我站在门前。
→I was made to stand in front of the door by her.
【边学边做】将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。
→I was given some money by him.
/ Some money was give to me by him.
介词不乱丢
变被动时，不及物动词后跟的介词（或副词）不能丢掉。
We are looking for a book onAsia.我们正在找一本关于亚洲的书。
→A book on Asia is being looked for by us.
一座大桥正在我们的城市被建造。
含有情态
动词
情态动词+ be + done
Trees can be planted at the foot of the hill.
树可以被种在山脚下。
被动语态三注意
双宾语
直接宾语（物）作主语，动词后要用介词to或for。
He gave me some money.他给了我一些钱。
动词被动语态讲解
模块八动词的被动语态(1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。
主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。
在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。
(2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。
被动语态后的by短语有时可(1) 被动语态的用法：①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。
如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。
如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。
如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)(2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态：+受者)+(动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者)(3) 注意点：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。
如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。
被动语态讲解
被动语态讲解一．被动语态的运用英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。
例：Bell invented the telephone in 1876. (主动语态)The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876.(被动语态)Many people speak English. (主动语态)English is spoken by many people.(被动语态)下面几种情况要用被动语态：（1）不知道谁是动作的执行者。
例如：A man was killed in the hotel yesterday.（2）没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。
例如：Paper is made of wood.（3）只需要强调动作的承受着。
例如：English is widely used all over the world.二．被动语态的构成形式1．被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here．4）was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 过去完成时例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）带情态动词的被动结构。
英语被动语态语法讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
以give 为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done 一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done 过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on building a new car factory last month. a new car building factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily. His lessons werenot easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad bysea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the meeting might be put off. I have been told the meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here. His book has beenbrought here.(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
被动语态讲解及练习
被动语态〔Passive Voice〕【语态】(Voice)〔主动语态和被动语态〕1、语态的分类：〔1〕主动语态：动作的执行者作主语。
〔2〕被动语态：动作的承受者作主语。
2、被动语态的动词特征：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(简称：be+p.p.),变否疑。
3、被动语态的时态：〔1〕一般现在时的被动语态： is/am/are + p.p. 否认：isn’t/am not/aren’t +p.p.〔2〕一般过去时的被动语态： was/were + p.p. 否认：wasn’t/weren’t + p.p.〔3〕一般将来时的被动语态： will+ be + p.p. 否认：won’t be +p.p.〔4〕情态动词的被动语态： must/can/may+ be + p.p.否认：mustn’t/can’t/may not + be +p.p.(5) 现在完成时的被动语态: have/has+been+p.p. 否认: haven’t/hasn’t+been + p.p.〔说明：以上5种为必须要掌握的形式，以下3种为了解的形式。
〕〔6〕现在进展时的被动语态： is/am/are + being + p.p.否认：isn’t/am not/aren’t + being + p.p.〔7〕过去完成时的被动语态； had + been + p.p.否认：hadn’t + been + p.p.〔8〕过去将来时的被动语态： would + be + p.p.否认：wouldn’t + be + p.p.e.g., (1) The e*ercise must____________(finish) today.(2) Football _________(play) in the world.(3) My wallet___________(steal) yesterday.(4) The bridge ___________(build)now.(5) The story_____________(read) by me for three weeks.4、被动语态的变化步骤：(1)划分主语、谓语和宾语(2)将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语(3)将主动语态的动词变成be+p.p.形式〔要保持原来的时态形式〕(注意动词的时态形式和主语的单数和复数形式)(4)将主动语态的主语变成"by+宾格〞构造〔可以省略〕e.g. (1) People named the two pandas "Tuantuan〞 and "Yuanyuan〞.(2) We will finish the work in two days.(3) We must protect forests.(4) I have kept the dog for two years.*(5)Did the dogeatthe meat"*(6)Who has takethe books away"Keys(参考答案):(1) The two pandas were named "Tuantuan〞 and "Yuanyuan〞 (by people).(2) The work will be finished (by us) in two days.(3) Forests must be protected (by us).(4) The dog has been kept (by me) for two days.(5) Was the meat eaten by the dog"(6) Who(m) have the books been taken away by"5、不用被动语态动词：〔1〕have 有〔2〕look,sound,smell,taste等连系动词〔3〕take place /happen〔4〕get to/arrive(at/in)/reach到达〔5〕rise升起,上升〔6〕ring(铃响)〔7〕begin/start开场〔8〕lie躺※The book sells well.(这本卖得好)※The meat cooks well.〔8〕return(回来，回归—不用被动，归还—可用被动语态)〔9〕leave(离开—不用被动语态，留下/遗忘—可用被动语态)e.g. (1)The idea ________(sound) great. Let’s go together.(2)The story _________(happen) in USA ten years ago.(3)The Olympics__________(take place) in Beijing in 2008.(4)The kind of bicycle______(sell) well.Keys(参考答案):(1)sounds (2)happened (3)took place (4)sells6、常用被动语态：〔1〕be located in (2)be covered with(3)be called〔4〕be made of(in/from)(5)be made up of (6)be asked to do sth(7)be invited to do sth(8)be used for doing sth/to do sthe.g. (1)The streets _________(cover) with snow because it__________(snow)heavily last night.(2)We________(tell) to e to school yesterday.(3)Many friends ________(invite) to my birthday part because it is mybirthday tomorrow.Keys(参考答案):(1)was covered, snowed (2) were told (3) were invited7、动词不定式的省to形式的被动语态：〔变被动时，要复原to〕※make sb do sth—be made to do sth〕※see sb do sth/watch sb do sth/hear sb do sth/notice sb do sthe.g. (1) Floods made people leave their home.(被动语态)(2) Teachers made us__________in the classroom, so we were made _______our homework.A. stay, doB.to stay, doC.to stay, to doD.stay, to doKeys(参考答案):(1)People were made to leave their home (by floods).(2) D8、动词后面跟双宾语：( 人在物前不用介词，物在人前要用介词to或for) –只需将其中的一个宾语〔要么人，要么物〕变成被动语态的主语注意:make/buy/draw常与for连用 e.g. make sth for sb/buy sth for sbe.g. (1)Uncle Li gave us a big dinner yesterday.We ______ ______ a big dinner ______ Uncle Li yesterday.A big dinner________ ________ _______us _____Uncle Li yesterday.(2)Dad will buy me a present.I ______ ______ ______ a present ______ Dad.A present ______ ______ ______ ______ me ______ Dad.Keys(参考答案):(1)were given, by ; was given to, by(2)will be bought, by ; will be bought for, by9、"动词+副词〞或"动词+介词"构造在变成被动语态后，介词或副词不能漏掉e.g. (1)We must look after our eyes.(2)How did you deal with the dog"Keys(参考答案):(1)Our eyes must be looked after by us.(2)How was the dog dealt with by you"10、同步练习被动语态练习I. 选择最正确答案:( ) 1. English __________ in Britain.A. speaksB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is spoken( ) 2. This popular song__________ by us after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung ( ) 3. This kind of bike __________ in Germany.A. makesB. madeC. is makingD. is made() 4. New puters _________ in our school.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD. have used( ) 5. Our flat must ___________ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep( ) 6. A new hospital _____________ at the corner of the street.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building ( ) 7. The key __________ on the sofa when I left.A. was leftB. will be leftC. is leftD. has been left( ) 8.Doctors ____________ all over the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need( ) 9. His new book_____________ ne*t year.A. will be publishedB. is publishingC. is being publishedD. has been published( ) 10.French ____________ in every country.A. is not spokenB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is not speaking ( ) 11. These papers_____________yet.A. have not writtenB. have not been writtenC. has not writtenD. has not been written( ) 12. The sports meeting ____________ be held until ne*t week.A. didn'tB. won'tC. isn'tD. doesn't( ) 14.The two panda were taken to Taiwan ______________ us.A. forB. inC. toD. by() 15.The book ______________.A. sells goodB. sells wellC. is sold goodD. is sold well( ) 16. The broken bike_____________ here by Old Wang.A. can repairB. can be repairedC. can be repairingD. can repairing ( ) 17. The jar __________ for ___________ hot water.A. used; keepingB. was used; keepingC. is used; to keepD. are used; keep( ) 18.Cotton _____________ in the southeast of China.A. growsB. is grownC. were grownD. will grow( ) 19. The bridges__________ a few years ago.A. is builtB. builtC. were builtD. was built( ) 20.These babies__________in the hospital.A. are taken good careB. are taken good care ofC. take good care ofD. take good care( ) 21. These bridges __________stone.A. are made ofB. made ofC. are made intoD. made into( ) 22. These books__________ by the writer in the 1980s.A. are writtenB. were writtenC. are writingD. were writingII．用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空。
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被动语态（2）5. 带双宾语、带复合宾语的动词以及带表语的连系动词带双宾语的动词：A1). give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. (给某人某物)2).offer sb sth= offer sth to sb (向某人主动提供某物)3).hand/ pass sb sth = hand / pass sth to sb (递给某人某物)4).tell sb sth =tell sth to sb (告诉某人某事)5).write sb. sth = write sth to sb (给某人写封信)6).show sb sth = show sth. to sb (给某人看某物)7).post sb. Sth. = post sth. to sb. (给某人邮寄某物)8).promise sb. Sth. = promise sth. to sb. (答应某人某事)9).sell sb. Sth. = sell sth. to sb. (卖某物给某人)10).send sb. Sth. = send sth. to sb. (送（寄给）给他一件礼物)11).return sb. Sth. = return sth. to sb. (还给某人某物)12).teach them a song (教某人一首歌)13).read sb. letter = read a letter to sb. (给他读一封信)14).wish sb. good luck.(祝愿某人交好运)15). bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.把某物给某人带来16). lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人17). supply sb sth.=supply sth. to sb.给某人提供某物B1).buy sb. Sth. = buy sth. for sb. (给某人买某物)2).draw sb. a picture = draw a picture for sb. (给某人画画)3).make him a cake = make a cake for him (给他们做蛋糕)4).sing him a song = sing a song for him (给他唱首歌)5).provide sb. sth.=provide sth. for sb.给某人提供某物6).build sb a house = build a house for sb (给某人建造房子)7).borrow sb. sth. = borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物8). lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人带复合宾语(宾语和宾语补足语)的动词：1).call him Jack.(叫他杰克)2).name Tom Little Monkey(叫汤姆小猴子)3).make him our manager(推选他担任我们的经理)4).make our country rich and strong(使我们的国家富强起来)5).make the children stay at home (使孩子们呆在家里)6).let him do the housework 让他干家务活)7).let the boy in/ out (让那个男孩进来、出去)8).have the machine running (让机器运转)9).have them work day and night(让他们日日夜夜干活)10).keep them waiting for a long time (让他们等很长时间)11).keep the students in their classroom (使学生在教室里)12).keep the room tidy and clean(保持房间整洁)13).find the door open(发现门是开着的)14). find(see/notice /observe/ hear/ feel ) the girl helping her mother do the housework (发现，看见，注意到，听见，感觉到那个女孩在帮她妈妈干家务活)15) . find(see/notice /observe/ hear/ feel ) his father repair the computer (发现，看见，注意到，听见，感觉到)他的父亲修好了电脑带表语的连系动词:1).look happy (显得, 看上去高兴)2).sound nice (听起来优美动听)3).taste terrible (吃起来，尝起来难吃)4).smell good (闻起来香)5).feel lucky(感到幸运)6).keep silent(保持安静)7).stay open(一直开着)8) .go hungry(挨饿)9).seem interesting(似乎有趣)10).The weather remains hot.(天气仍然很热)11). His dream came true.(他梦想成真)12).Our life is getting/ becoming better and better.(我们的生活变得越来越好)13). His face turned red.(他的脸变红了)14). The man grew angry. (那个人生气了)15). His father fell ill yesterday.他的父亲昨天生病了7. 带直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。
如：He gave the boy an apple. 他给了那个男孩一个苹果．→The boy was given an apple．/An apple was given to the boy一个苹果给了那个男孩Her father bought her a present她的父亲给她买了一件礼品．→She was bought a present by h er father．/A present was bought for her by her father. 由她的父亲给她买了一件礼品His father left him this house.他的父亲给他留下了这套房子. →This house was left (to) him by his father / He was left this house by his father这套房子是他父亲留给他的。
7.带复合宾语(宾语和宾语补足语)的主动句改为被动语态1)、.带复合宾语的主动语态在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语位置不变。
如: We call him Xiao Wang.我们叫他小王。
→He is called Xiao Wang by us.他被我们叫做小王。
d Tom Little Monkey他们叫汤姆小猴子。
→Tom was named Little Monkey by them. 汤姆被他们叫做小猴子。
We made him our manager. 我们推选他担任我们的经理。
→He was make our manager by us.他被我们推选为经理。
The teacher kept the students in their classroom. 老师把学生留在了教室里。
→The students were kept by the teacher in their classroom.学生被老师留在了教室里。
He cut his hair short.他剪短了头发。
→His hair was cut short.他的头发被剪短了。
They told him to help me.他们叫他帮助我。
→He was told to help me(人们叫他帮助我)．2)、感官动词listen(听), hear(听见), see(看见), watch(观看), notice(注意), find(发现), observe(观察), feel(感觉), 使役动词let(让), make(使得), have(使，让)以及help(帮助),在主动语态句子中，后面接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但如果改为被动语态，则需把省略的to加上。
The boss made my grandfather work 10 hours a day老板让我的爷爷每天工作10个小时. →My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day.我的爷爷每天被迫工作10个小时。
They often heard the children sing in the next room.他们常常听见孩子们在隔壁唱歌。
→The children were often to sing in the next room常常听见孩子们在隔壁唱歌．3）含动词短语的主动语态句子，改为被动语态时，构成动词短语介词或副词不可遗漏。
We must take good care of the young trees.我们一定要照管好小树。
→The young trees must be taken good care of.小树一定要照管好。
4）含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。
可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know(知道)，say(说)，believe(相信)，find(发现)，think(认为)，report(汇报，报告)等。
如：People believe(know/say/find/think /report)that he is ill(人们相信他生病了)．→It is believed(known/said/found/thought/reported) that he is ill(大家相信(众所周之/据说/有人发现/大家认为/据报道)他生病了)．（或：He is believed(known/said/ found/thought/reported) to be ill．）7．被动语态改为主动语态的方法：1).将被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语（或按题意要求确定主语）2).将被动语态的谓语由被动语态改为主动语态。