汽车英语-词汇课堂基础

Automobile 汽车;机动车

Vehicle 车辆;运载工具

Car 汽车;小汽车;车辆

Motor 机动车,尤指汽车

Auto [口语] 汽车

Sedan [美] = saloon 轿车

Coupe (单排座)双人小汽车Hatchback 有仓门式后背的汽车Wagon 四轮马车, 货车

Van 大篷车,运货车

Pick-up = Utility 皮卡

Roadster 跑车

Convertible 敞篷车

Racing car 赛车

Trailer 拖车

Truck 卡车

Jeep 吉普车

Bus 公共汽车

Coach 长途客车

Taxi 出租车

Tractor=prime mover [美] 牵引车Cross country vehicle 越野车

SUV = Sports Utility Vehicle

运动型多用途车

MPV=Multi Purpose Vehicle 多用途车RV = Recreation Vehicle 休闲车Crankshaft and Connecting

rods system 曲柄连杆机构

n Valve system 配气机构

n Fuel system 供给系

n Ignition system 点火系

n Starting system 起动系

n Cooling system 冷却系

n Lubrication system 润滑系

TDC(Top Dead Center):

the position of the crank and piston when the piston is farthest away from the crankshaft.

BDC(Bottom Dead Center):

the position of the crank and piston when the piston is nearest away from the crankshaft

Swept vol.(有效/工作容积):

the volume between TDC

and BDC.

Clearance vol.(余隙/燃烧室容积): the volume of space above the piston when it is at TDC.

Engine capacity(排量):

this is the swept volume

of all pression ration(压缩比):

(swept vol. + clearance vol.) /(clearance vol.)

1. Intake/Induction stroke

进气行程

2. Compression stroke

压缩行程

3. Power stroke

作功行程

4. Exhaust stroke

排气行程

Combustion chamber:

Hemi 半球形Wedge 楔形 Basin 盆形

Piston ring活塞环

Piston (crown\skirt)活塞(头部\裙部)

Piston pin 活塞销

Connecting rod连杆

Big-end 连杆大头

Small-end 连杆小头

Cap 连杆盖

Shell bearing轴瓦

Main bearing journals 主轴颈

Connecting rod journal 连杆轴径

气缸盖罩 head cover

气缸盖 cylinder head

衬垫 gasket

水套 water jacket

油道 oil gallery

气缸 cylinder

气缸套 cylinder sleeve

气缸体 engine block

曲轴箱 crankcase

油底壳 oil pan

OHC ( Overhead Camshaft)

Fuel trank油箱

fuel filter汽油滤清器

fuel pump 汽油泵

carburetor(mix) 化油器

air filter 空气滤清器

λ Excess-air factor 过量空气系数

λ= air mass supplied/theor etical requirement λ <1 Rich mixture 浓混合气

λ >1 Lean mixture 稀混合气

1) Cold star 冷启动

2) Post-start phase 后启动阶段

3) Warm-up 暖机

4) Acceleration 加速

5) Part load 部分负荷

6) Full load 全负荷

7) Idling 怠速

8) Overrun 超速

9) Engine-speed limiting 发动机限速

10) High altitudes 高海拔

Idle and Low-Speed Circuit (怠速与低速) Main Metering Circuit (主供油)

Power-Enrichment Circuit (功率加浓) Accelerator (Pump) Circuit (加速)

Choke Circuit(cold start)

injector 喷油器

governor 调速器

fuel tank 燃油箱

fuel-injector pump喷油泵

feed pump 输油泵

Plunger and barrel couple(柱塞和柱塞套) ( plunger and plunger barrel)

Delivery valve couple(出油阀偶件)

( delivery valve and delivery valve seat) Needle valve couple(针阀偶件)

(needle valve and needle valve body)

FF=Front Engine Front Drive

FR=Front Engine Rear Drive

RR=Rear Engine Rear Drive

MR=Middle Engine Rear Drive

nWD=Full Wheel Drive

Coil Spring 螺旋弹簧

Diaphragm Spring 膜片弹簧

Coil Spring Clutch

Diaphragm Spring Clutch

•Driving member 主动部分

•Driven member 从动部分

•Operating member 操纵机构

MT=Manual Transmission

(手动变速器)

AMT=Automated Mechanical Transmission (机械式自动变速器)

AT=Automatic Transmission

(自动变速器)

CVT=Continuously Variable Transmission (无级变速器)

Spur gear 直齿圆柱齿轮

Helical gear 斜齿轮

Double helical gear 人字齿轮

Hypoid gear 准双曲面齿轮

Bevel gear 锥齿轮

Pinion gear 小齿轮

Planetary gear 行星齿轮

External gear 外啮合齿轮

Internal gear 内啮合齿轮

Sliding-mesh Transmission

滑动啮合变速器

Constant-mesh Transmission 常啮合变速器

Synchro-mesh Transimission

同步啮合变速器

Cardan (Hooke’s) Universal Joint

(十字轴式万向节)

Double Cardan Universal Joint

(双联式万向节)

Tripod Universal Joint

(三销轴式万向节)

Weiss Universal Joint

(球叉式万向节)

Rzeppa Universal Joint

(球笼式万向节)

Flexible Universal Joint

(挠性万向节)

Thru-final Drive

(贯通式主减速器)

Two Speed Final Drive

(双速主减速器)

Wheel (Hub) Reductor

(轮边减速器)

Planetary Wheel Reductor

(行星齿轮式轮边减速器)

Spur Geared Wheel Reductor

(外啮合圆柱齿轮式轮边减速器)

1. The energy-supplying device 供能装置

2. The control device 控制装置

3. The transmission device 传动装置

4. The brake 制动器

Metering Valve 节压阀

Proportioning Valve 比例阀

Check Valve 单向阀

Solenoid Valve 电磁阀

Combination Valve 组合阀

Delay Valve 延迟阀

Modulator Valve 调节阀

• Service braking system 行车制动系

• Parking braking system 驻车制动系

• Additional retarding braking system 缓速制动系

Mechanical braking system 机械制动

Hydraulic braking system 液压制动

Pneumatic braking system 气压制动Electromagnetic braking system 电磁制动Combination braking system

Drum brake 鼓式制动器

Disc brake 盘式制动器

Simplex drum brake (Leading trailing shoe brake)

领从蹄式制动器

Duo-trailing shoe brake (Two trailing shoe