高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题
【英语】高考英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析
【英语】高考英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Plastic sludge(污泥)and garbage is a disaster for the world's oceans. A film crew traveled the globe to document the rubbish. And Julie Andersen of the Plastic Oceans Foundation says what we see is just the ti p of the problem. “Half of the waste actually sinks to the bottom, and that remains on the surface actually breaks down. ”The filmmakers found rubbish in ocean gyres, the circulating currents that trap large concentrations of pollution in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacifc Oceans, home of what some have plastic. What we found was a plastic smog that spread throughout all the water. And in some parts of the oceans, scientists have found more plastic than plant. ”The pieces of the plastic garbage infect the food chain, sometimes visibly, and more so at the microscopic level, where the plastic particles interact with other pollutants. “There are heavy metals, medicines, industrial waste in the sea, while it acts like magnets(磁铁). These poisonous substances absorb on the plastic, and then when seafood absorbs the plastics, those poisonous substances enter the fatty tissues. ”To be consumed by other sea life and by people at last. China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam are the worst plastic polluters. The United States, although a leader in recycling, is one of the world's 20 since it produces and consumes so much plastic. There are efforts around the world to address the problem, including at this newly opened recycling center in Lebanon(黎巴嫩). But Andersen says there is more that people can do. “Cut back on single-use plastics, straws, plastic cups, plastic water bottles, plastic bags and find alternatives like reusable materials.” She says healthy oceans are essential to our survival.（1）What can we learn from the passage?A. There's all island full of plastic rubbish in the Pacific.B. The bad effect of plastic pollution can't be seen by eyes.C. The United States is the least plastic polluters.D. The plastic pollution to oceans is more serious than what we can see.（2）What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3?A. Pollutants like heavy metals and medicines.B. The plastic particles.C. Seafood.D. Fatty tissues.（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. All Asian countries have the most serious problem of plastic pollution.B. The plastic problem hasn't attracted the world's attention.C. Andersen is not satisfied with what has been done to solve the plastic problem,D. People should stop using plastic products immediately.（4）Which may be the title of the passage?A. Plastic pollution in the World.B. Plastic pollution—Oceans'Disaster.C. Ways to solve the problem of plastic pollution to oceans.D. Plastic pollution and our health.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题的解法
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题的解法【摘要】“主旨大意题”是高中英语阅读理解题型中至关重要的一种题型，考查学生对于一篇文章的深度理解以及学生把握文章主旨的能力，一般针对的是文章的标题或者是文章写作的目的。
本文首先从当前主旨大意题的设问形式进行简要的叙述，针对设问的形式具体探讨高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题的解法。
【关键字】高中英语教学；阅读理解教学；主旨大意题；解题思路教学根据调查显示，当前高中阅读理解题目中，主旨大意题成为学生丢分的重点，这就要求教师要针对主旨大意题展开教学，提升学生提取文章主旨的能力，提高学生的英语成绩。
1.当前主旨大意题的设问形式和设问特点首先，主旨大意题最明显的特点就是短小精悍、题目妨碍力强，精确性强。
这种题型属于归纳概括性题型[1]，表现形式主要概括为三种，分别是主题型主旨、目的型主旨以及标题型主旨，每种表现形式都有不同的设问形式和解答技巧，需要学生开展来讨论。
1、主题型主旨主要设问形式：1.The text is mainly about ____.2.The main idea／The general idea／The main purpose is ______.3.What does the passage mainly discuss?类似于mainly idea、general idea、main purpose这样的关键词就可以基本确定是主题型的主旨大意题。
2、目的型主旨主要设问形式：1.What is the probable purpose of writing this passage?2.The passage is me ant to…3.The purpose of the article is to ...目的型主旨大意题目通常会通过表目的的词语，类似于“purpose、meant to”等词语，特征十分明显，出题形式不会有太多变化。
3、标题型主旨主要设问形式：1.What's the best title for the text?2.The best title for this passage is ___.3.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?4.The best title/headline for the passage might/would be______.5.What would be the best title /headline for the text?标题型的主旨大意题目很好区分，只要问题中包含“best title/headline”等关键词就是指选择最合适的标题。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题单选题40题
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题单选题40题1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of a city.B. The importance of education.C. The benefits of traveling.D. The development of technology.答案：B。
解析：文章主要讲述了教育对个人和社会的重要性，A 选项城市的历史在文章中未提及，C 选项旅行的好处不是文章重点，D 选项科技的发展与文章内容不符。
2. What is the passage mainly about?A. Different kinds of sports.B. The advantages of a healthy diet.C. The role of music in our lives.D. Ways to improve memory.答案：C。
解析：文章围绕音乐在我们生活中的作用展开，A 选项不同种类的运动与文章无关，B 选项健康饮食的好处不是文章重点，D 选项提高记忆力的方法文章未涉及。
3. What is the main topic of the text?A. Famous painters throughout history.B. The beauty of nature.C. The challenges of modern life.D. The importance of friendship.答案：D。
解析：文章主要探讨了友谊的重要性，A 选项历史上的著名画家文章未提及，B 选项自然之美不是文章核心，C 选项现代生活的挑战不是文章主题。
4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To introduce a new product.B. To discuss environmental issues.C. To tell a story about a hero.D. To explain a scientific concept.答案：B。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
《高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧》一、引言在学习英语的过程中，阅读理解一直是一个需要重点关注和加强的部分。
而其中的主旨大意题更是考验着学生们的理解能力和语言运用能力。
本文将针对高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧展开讨论，希望通过深入的分析和实用的技巧，帮助学生更好地掌握这一部分内容。
二、什么是主旨大意题主旨大意题是阅读理解中的一种常见题型，要求读者从一篇文章中归纳出文章的中心思想或者总体意图。
在解答这类题目时，不仅需要理解文章中的具体内容，还需要把握文章的大局，抓住作者的写作意图和核心论点。
三、解题技巧1. 阶段式阅读法我们需要采用阶段式阅读法来解决主旨大意题。
这意味着在回答问题之前，我们需要进行两到三遍的阅读，以确保我们对文章内容的整体把握和细节了解都到位。
在每一次阅读时，都要有一个明确的阅读目标，例如第一遍阅读关注文章的大意，第二遍阅读关注论据和论点的支持，第三遍阅读关注作者的态度和观点等。
通过多次阶段式阅读，我们可以更全面地理解文章的内容，也更容易找到文章的主旨大意。
2. 关键词标记在阅读的过程中，我们需要对文章中的关键词和关键句进行标记。
这些关键词和关键句往往能够帮助我们更好地把握文章的中心思想，也有助于在回答问题时更快地找到答案。
特别是一些表达中心意思的关键词，如“因此”、“总之”等，这些词往往会出现在文章的重点段落中，是我们找到文章主旨大意的关键线索。
3. 排除法另外，在解答主旨大意题时，我们还可以运用排除法。
在选项中，通常会有一些离题的选项，我们可以通过排除这些离题选项，来缩小正确答案的范围。
这需要我们对文章内容有一个清晰的理解，能够通过选项的排除来找到正确的主旨大意。
4. 注重上下文在解答主旨大意题时，我们需要结合文章的整体内容来确定答案。
这就需要我们注重上下文的联系和整体的逻辑。
文章的主旨往往是通过多个段落或者整篇文章来逐渐展现的，要把握这个过程，并从整体出发寻找主旨大意。
高中英语《主旨大意》练习
号顿市安谧阳光实验学校阅读理解主旨大意题练习Getting the main ideas:1. Someday scientists may actually perfect a machine that can translate one language into another. Translation machines have been invented, and some are even used for certain tasks, but improvements are needed. As an example of the problems of machine translation, consider the word like. In one sentence, it may mean “similar to”, as in “He is like his father.” In another sentence, it may mean “enjoy eating”, as in “They like ice cream.” The translating machine once digested the sentence “Time flies like an arrow.” Out came the translation: Russian sentence that meant “Time flies like to eat arrow.”The paragraph tells mainly _____________________________.A. how translation machined workB. how translation machines are used for certain tasksC. why the word like needs careful translationD. why improvements are needed in translation machines2. The first woman employee of the U.S. Forest Service began as a clerk in New Mexico. Anita Kellogg wished to be a forest ranger. In 1920 she took a civil service examination for a ranger job – a lonely and hard post in the rugged Southwest –and passed it. She wasn’t made a ranger, however, because she was a woman. She was made a fiscal agent to pay firefighters. Somehow, she got into the thick of a big forest fire in the Gila National Forest and performed so ably that she was given a commendation and an increase in pay. However, discrimination caused Anita Kellogg to fall short of her great ambition –to become the first female forest ranger.The paragraph mainly tells ____________________.A. how Anita Kellogg tried to become a forest rangerB. what forest rangers doC. where Anita Kellogg took a civil service examinationD. how many female forest rangers there today3. The nation that a horseshoe is lucky dates from ancient times. The grounds for the belief vary widely. In ancient times, iron was considered a sacred metal. Another theory is that horseshoe acquired its magical reputation because it is similar in shape to the crescent moon, once considered a symbol of good luck. Still another theory is that the superstition is somehow related to the mystic number seven, the number of nails in a horseshoe. At any rate, the belief goes back to the time of the Romans. In modern times, President Truman hung a horseshoe above the door of his office in the White House.The paragraph mainly talks about ________________________.A. why the horseshoe is considered a lucky symbolB. why the number seven is luckyC. what President hung a horseshoe outside his officeD. how the horseshoe resembles the moon(4) That furry Australian marsupial known as the Koala bear is not much like true bears. Most bears will eat small animals, such as mice and rats. They also like grass, eggs, garbage, and snakes. Some bears even enjoy ice cream, soda, hot dogs and hamburgers. But the Koala has different eating habits. It will eat only the leaves of one type of tree –eucalyptus. The Koala will starve to death rather than eat anything else.The paragraph tells mainly _______________________.A. why the Koala likes eucalyptus leavesB. what, most bears in the wild prefer to eatC. where the native habitat of Koalas is locatedD. what Koalas and true bears like to eat(5) You may think that certain modern styles are ridiculous, but you should have seen fourteenth-century shoes! The “rage” in shoe fashion back then was long, upturned toes, often decorated with bells. The toes, stuffed with hay, curled upwards and then sometimes even curved back down again. This odd style was worn throughout Europe by nobles and commoners alike. The toes of some shoes were so long that little chains attached to the knees held them up and prevented the wearer from tipping. Many rulers forbade the silly style. Even so, people persisted in wearing such outlandish footwear until the fashion finally died out ofits own accord.The paragraph tells mainly ___________________.A. who were unusual shoes in the fourteenth centuryB. how a fashion died out of its own accordC. why silly shoe styles changeD. what kinds of shoes were worn in the fourteenth century(6) You probably eat a lot more Chinese food than you think you do. Italians may not be happy, but here is the truth about spaghetti. Originally, it was an Oriental dish. Marco Polo, the famous Italian trade and explorer, brought spaghetti back from his trips to China and introduced it to Europe. Sauerkraut may sound German, but the Chinese were eating it in 200 B.C. Because of its vitamins, sauerkraut was fed to the laborers working on that large scale public works project, the Great Wall of China.The paragraph tells mainly ___________________.A. why the Italians may not be happy about spaghet ti’s originB. why the Chinese ate sauerkrautC. that spaghetti and sauerkraut are actually Chinese foodsD. why Marco Polo are spaghetti(7) A vast cedar forest once covered the now barren slops of the Lebanese mountains. Early civilizations used the trees to build their houses and ships. The interior of King So lomon’s temple was made entirely of cedarfrom Lebanon. The first recorded forestry law –to preserve these cedars – was enacted by the Roman Emperor Hadrian. Unfortunately, rulers who followed Hadrian lacked his foresight, and for centuries the area was stripped. Four hundred trees near Basharri in northern Lebanon are all that remain of the once-vast forest. However, if nitrogen-fixing shrubs are planted to restore and enrich the soil, the area could once again become productive forest land.The paragraph mainly tells _________________.A. who tried to preserve the Lebanese forestsB. what the interior of King Solomon’s temple was likeC. how early civilizations used cedar treesD. what has happened to the cedar forests of Lebanon(8) The Japanese are famous for their genius in producing small things. They have produced small cars, radios, and trees. Japan now has a farmer who has worked for a decade to produce tiny pigs called minipigs. This farmer’s desire to go from “maxi” to “mini” was stimulated by t he wide use of pigs in space control and medical research. The average adult hog weighs four hundred pounds. The minipig does not exceed sixty pounds and thus fits into capsules for space experimentation. In hospital research, it is easier to feed, house, handle, and use on a laboratory table. Each minipig costs one hundred dollars. American researchers are very interested in using minipigs.The paragraph tells mainly ________________________.A. how to train minipigsB. where minipigs are produced for science experimentsC. what American researchers think about minipigsD. why the Japanese have produced small things(9) How would you relish a bird on your dinner table with its feathers intact? In fashionable homes of long ago this was the custom. Ducks, swans, and even peacock were actually served this way. The bird was first skinned, stuffed, and roasted. Then, after it was allowed to cool, the skin was carefully sewed on again. Placed on a large platter, the bird was brought to the dining hall to the delight of the guests. Once the bird was sufficiently admired, its covering was pulled away, and the guests would begin to eat.The paragraph tells mainly _____________________.A. which kinds of birds have been used for foodB. what people ate long agoC. how birds were prepared for eating long agoD. why people have enjoyed looking at birds(10) Astrid Lindgren of Sweden started writing stories for children when she ran out of tales to tell her own young daughter. The little girl asked her to make up a story about Pippi Long stocking, a name she invented at the moment. From this beginning, Pippi – with red hair and freckles–became famous in books translated around the world. Mrs. Lindgren lets Pippi do anything she wants – go to bed as late as she likes, buy lots of candy, and have magical powers. Pippi has become one of the most popular little characters in children’s books.The paragraph tells mainly _____________________.A. why Pippi Long sticking became so popularB. how the character Pippi Long Sticking was invented and developedC. why Astrid Lindgren named her character Pippi Long StickingD. how Astrid Lindgren began telling stories to her children(11) The great Depression that stuck America in the 1930’s was in every aspect a catastrophe. Yet ecologists realize now that it did have one beneficial effect. Before the Depression, in the 1920s, raccoon-fur coats were a popular fad. So many raccoons were slaughtered for their fur that some scientists feared that the animal would become extinct. But with the Depression came poverty. Few could afford such coats. As a symbol of times that were gone, they went out of fashion. The raccoon gained a new lease on life.The paragraph tells mainly _____________________.A. why raccoons are slaughtered todayB. why people in the 1920s liked raccoon coatsC. how a bad event can cause something goodD. how bad effect of an event can spread (12) What a remarkable creature is the electric eel! This snakelike fish can produce electrical charge that lasts only two thousandths of a second, but it can send out more than four hundred of these per second, totali ng six hundred volts. A car battery gives only twelve volts! Even if the electric eel produced this amount of electricity for twenty minutes continuously, all it would need would be a rest of five minutes to “recharge its batteries.” It’s a shame that someone can harness its power. Can’t you just hear the service station attendant say, “Want your oil and eel checked?”The paragraph tells mainly _____________________.A. why the eel’s power has never been harnessedB. what the voltage of a car battery isC. how long the electric eel’s charge lastsD. why electric eel is a remarkable creature(13) Not far from Hilldboro, Ohio, is one of the best known of the mounds built prehistoric American Indians. The mound has been named the Great Serpent. This huge snake-shaped mound coils for more than 1,300 feet along a rocky cliff beside a river. Burnt stones found in the middle of an oval mound inside the snake’s jaw have led archaeologists to conclude that it was used as an altar. The Indians who carried countless basketfuls of earth to create the form of the serpent have long vanished. Nothing precise is known of the m ound builders’ religion, but theserpent must have played an important role.The paragraph tells mainly _____________________.A. how archaeologists first discovered the Great Serpent moundB. what the Great Serpent resemblesC. what is known about the Great Serpent moundD. how the mound was formed(14) In congress, when one legislator agrees to vote for a bill that another legislator wants and then expects a similar favor in return, it is called “logrolling”. The term goes back to frontier times in Am erica. When a pioneer planned to build a long cabin, the neighbors would gather and cut trees, roll the logs to the side of the building, and help to construct the house. In return, the new home owner was expected to give the neighbors similar help. This practice, called logrolling, eventually also became part of the political vocabulary of America.The paragraph tells mainly _____________________.A. why legislators do favor for each otherB. how “logrolling” entered the political vocabularyC. how frontier people helped each other build log cabinsD. what pioneers did with logs(15) Mary Glatzle makes her living the hard way. Not only is she a New York City detective, but the5′2″, 110-pound mother serves as a “mugging decoy.” As a member of the anticrime unit, she’s been mugged more than three hundred times. She’s been assaulted with baseball bats, guns, knives, and once was almost dragged by her throat over a fourteen-foot wall. Mary, called “Muggable Mary” by her fellow detective s, owns many and varied wigs, dresses, pants, sweaters, and canes that she uses in her different roles as an undercover decoy. For her devotion to duty, she was praised by the mayor of New York.The paragraph tells mainly _____________________.A. why Glatzle became a detectiveB. who commended Mary Glatzle for devotion to dutyC. what Mary Glatzle wearsD. how Mary Glatzle makes her living as a mugging decoy(16) Queen Nefertiti was one of the greatest women of ancient Egypt. Her name means “Behold, the beautiful woman comes!” Although she was beautiful and rich, she was unspoiled, kind, and gentle. As a girl, Nefertiti played with Akhenaton, the future king of Egypt. In 1369 B.C., the sixteen-year-old Akhenaton became king. Soon after, he married Nefertiti, who became queen of Egypt at fifteen. Akhenaton and Nefertiti had six children, all girls. One of their daughters married King Tutankhamen and became queen of Egypt like her mother.The paragraph tells mainly _____________________.A. whom Queen Nefertiti marriedB. when Nefertiti becamequeenC. who Queen Nefertiti wasD. what the name Nefertiti means。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题单选题40题答案解析版
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题单选题40题答案解析版1.What is the main idea of the passage about a famous scientist?A.His early life and education.B.His contributions to science.C.His hobbies and interests.D.His family background.答案：B。
这篇文章主要讲述了一位著名科学家对科学的贡献。
选项 A 只提到了他的早期生活和教育，不全面；选项C 他的爱好和兴趣不是文章重点；选项D 他的家庭背景也不是文章主要内容。
2.What is the main point of the text about a renowned musician?A.Her musical training.B.Her famous concerts.C.Her creative process.D.Her life story.答案：B。
文章主要围绕一位著名音乐家的著名音乐会展开。
选项 A 音乐训练不是重点；选项 C 创作过程不是主要内容；选项 D 她的一生故事范围太广，不具体。
3.What is the main theme of the article about a great writer?A.His writing style.B.His novels and stories.C.His inspiration for writing.D.His personal life.答案：B。
文章重点是这位伟大作家的小说和故事。
选项A 写作风格不是主旨；选项C 写作灵感不是主要内容；选项D 个人生活不是文章重点。
4.What is the central idea of the passage about an outstanding athlete?A.His training methods.B.His achievements in sports.C.His diet and fitness.D.His hobbies outside sports.答案：B。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意与作者态度理解题40题
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意与作者态度理解题40题1. What is the main idea of the passage about science?A. The development of science.B. The importance of science.C. The limitations of science.D. The future of science.答案：A。
本题主要考查对文章主旨大意的理解。
文章主要讲述了科学的发展历程，A 选项符合题意。
B 选项重要性不是文章重点；C 选项局限性文中未提及；D 选项未来只是其中一部分，不全面。
2. What can we know from the passage about culture?A. Different cultures have different values.B. Culture has no influence on people's behavior.C. All cultures are the same.D. Culture is not important.答案：A。
文章强调了不同文化间的差异和各自的价值，A 选项正确。
B 选项与原文不符，文化对行为有影响；C 选项明显错误；D 选项不符合常理。
3. The passage mainly tells us about the history of _.A. a specific eventB. a certain periodC. a personD. a country答案：B。
从文章内容可看出是在讲述一个特定时期的历史，B 选项符合。
A 选项一个具体事件不是重点；C 选项一个人不符合；D 选项一个国家太宽泛。
4. What is the author's attitude towards the topic in the passage?A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.答案：C。
高中英语阅读说明文四种类型
高中英语阅读说明文四种类型一、主旨大意题这类题在设题时常会用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等词。
1.归纳标题题1.特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语;涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思;精确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。
常见命题形式有：2.What’s the best title for the text?3.The best title for this passage is ___.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?2.概括大意题1.包括寻找段落大意(topic)和文章中心思想(main idea)，常见命题形式有：2.What is the general/main idea of the passage?3.Which of the following expresses the main idea?4.What is the subject discussed in the text?5.What’s the article mainly about ?解题技巧阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。
对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。
主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。
主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况。
位于段首：一般而言，以演绎法撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头，即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。
判断第一句是否为主题句，可具体分析段落的首句与第二，三句的关系;如果从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句。
有些段落，在主题句后面有明显引出细节的信号词，如for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others等。
高中英语阅读理解题型之主旨大意题
高中英语阅读理解题型之主旨大意题阅读理解——主旨大意题的解题方法。
主旨大意题是阅读理解中要求较高，难度较大的题型之一，是很能体现试题区分度的题型。
主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的大意，标题或写作目的设题。
这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点，文章标题、主题或段落大意等。
它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题Ⅰ. 主旨大意题题型特点和命题形式设题类型：概括中心思想（main idea）型；确定文章标题或主题（topic / title/ headline）型；问文章的写作目的（purpose）.常见的设题方式：The main idea / The general idea / The main theme of this passage is ______.The passage chiefly deals with / focuses on _____.Which of the following best describes / expresses the main idea / point of the passage?What is mainly discussed in the passage /text?What is the topic of the passage?The best title / headline for the passage might be ______.The text /passage could be entitled______.Which / What could be the best title for the passage？The main purpose of the passage is probably to tell ______.The author is primarily concerned with _______.Ⅱ. 主旨大意题的解题技巧做主旨大意题常用略读法。
高中英语阅读理解之主旨题(思维导图+练习含答案)
阅读理解之主旨题（解析版）主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。
主旨大意题分为标题类和主题类。
主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类试题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
此类题目可分为三大类，即标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。
要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
正确选项特征干扰选项特征1.涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段。
2.确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。
3.精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
1.过于笼统，不知所云所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容。
2.以偏概全，主次不分所给选项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，或以文章中的细节信息或个别词作为选项的设置内容，或以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点。
3.移花接木，偷换概念所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放在B上，若不留神，极易选错答案。
4.无中生有，生搬硬套所给选项的关键词语虽然在文章中谈到了，但经过仔细阅读分析之后，发现选项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。
类型一标题归纳题一、提问方式·The best title of the passage is ________.·Which of the following is the best title of the passage?·What would be the best title for the passage?·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______.二、解题必备知能(一)理解标题的3大特点一个好的标题应具备三大特点：1．概括性——准确而又简短；2．针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；3．醒目性——能引发读者的阅读欲望。
高中英语高考总复习----主旨大意题型阅读解题技巧知识讲解及巩固练习题(含答案解析)
高中英语高考总复习----主旨大意题型阅读解题技巧知识讲解及巩固练习题（含答案解析）题型介绍命题特点：主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对锻炼大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占3—4个。
◆主旨大意题的分类从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段或结尾几段主题的综段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
◆常考问题：中心思想类：考查文章或段落的主旨大意；The main point/idea of the passage is…The passage is mainly about…The passage mainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…?Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?标题类：考查文章或段落的写作目的；Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passage would be…目的类：考查文章或段落的写作目的；The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to…The passage is meant to….In writing this passage,the author mainly intends to…干扰项的特点：【链接高清】1.以偏概全：答案只阐述了主旨的一部分，也就是局部信息，概括不够。
2.主题扩大：归纳概括的范围过大，超过了文章要讨论的东西。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题
2
思路点拨
本文是一篇应用文。介绍了距离某大学较近的 风景点。
65. A 主旨大意题。 考查对文章内容整体把握 的能力。根据全文第一段There are some places which are probably a mere walk away from your college.可以 推知，文章是推荐几个学校附近值得走走的风景点， 选项A符合文意。
【基础练习】
50．This article is mainly about ______. A. the lives of school children B. the cause of arguments in schools C. how to analyze youth violence D. how to deal with school conflicts
既然全文的写作目的与文章的主旨密切相关， 那么段落的写作目的也与段落的大意密切相关， 只有反映了段落大意的答案才是段落的写作目的。
3. 作者态度
解答作者态度(attitude)或语气(tone)题，关键在 于把握作者对全文主体事物(与主题有关)或某一具体 事物的态度。表达作者态度——褒义、中性和贬义 的手段主要有：1)加入形容词定语；2)加入副词状语； 3)特殊动词。英语中有些动词也表明说话者的正负态 度，如：fail(未能)，ignore(忽视)，overestimate (估 计过高)等动词表示一种负态度。
超实用高考英语复习：阅读理解——主旨大意题 -测 (解析版)
专题14 阅读理解：主旨大意题备考高考英语二轮复习距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
名校最新模拟试题主旨大意题（共20小题）1.(2022年8月浙江省“山水联盟”高三联考)You really should ask the question: will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause? Sometimes it makes matters worse. For example, many charities help African people install water pumps to deliver clean water to their communities. Money has been invested over the past 20 years to install a total of 60, 000 pumps across sub-Saharan Africa. However, today 40% of those have failed to work at some point. They have been left there, like expensive but useless decorations.......Ultimately, to whom and how much you give is your choice. It is important to provide highly specialized services instead of material goods. As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.15. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Has your donation hit a dead end?B. Why should you make a donation?C. Where does my donation take its way?D. Will my donation to charity really help?【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题40题
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题40题1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The story of a famous person.B. The introduction of a new technology.C. The importance of environmental protection.D. The description of a beautiful scenery.答案：C。
本题主要考查对文章主旨的理解。
文章中多次提到环境保护的相关内容，而其他选项只是文章中的部分细节，并非整体主旨。
2. The main purpose of the text is to _.A. tell a funny storyB. explain a scientific conceptC. introduce a historical eventD. give advice on how to study答案：B。
文章重点是在对一个科学概念进行详细解释说明，其他选项不符合文章主要内容。
3. What can we know from the passage?A. The author's personal experience.B. The development of a city.C. The benefits of a certain diet.D. The rules of a game.答案：B。
文章围绕一个城市的发展历程展开，其他选项并非文章重点。
4. The main topic of the article is _.A. a famous bookB. a popular movieC. a traditional festivalD. a modern art form答案：C。
文章主要内容是关于一个传统节日的介绍，其他选项与文章主题不符。
高考阅读理解-英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版）》提出学生对语篇整体理解的要求。
具体的语言技能内容要求为：从语篇中提取主要信息和观点，理解语篇要义。
区分、分析和概括语篇中的主要观点和事实。
此项考查要求学生通过阅读文章，抓住文章的主旨大意所在，在理解文章内容的基础上，找到文章大意或段落大意，主要考查学生归纳概括信息的能力。
主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中常考的题型之一，主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。
通常以选择文章最佳标题(title/topic)，概括文章中心大意(main idea)、文章段落大意(topic)等形式出现。
主旨大意题是阅读理解题中的高难度题型，属于能力型题目。
研究近几年课标地区的高考阅读理解题可以发现，主旨大意题几乎年年都有，而且在大部分地区的阅读理解题中会有1~3道此类题。
其考查形式主要有以下几种：1标题概括类做此类试题时，要注意标题的三个特性，即醒目性、概括性和针对性。
解题时要抓住文章的首尾段和每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。
常见设问形式有：What is the best title for this passage?Which of the following is the best title of the passage? What can be a suitable title for the text?What might be the best title for the passage?The best title of the passage is ______.The suitable headline of the passage may be ______.2文章大意类每篇文章都有中心思想，可以通过找主题句来获取文章中心思想。
主题句通常在首段或结尾段，但有时也会出现在文章的中间段落。
因此，在阅读时要倍加关注文章的首段和结尾段及各个段落的主题句。
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题完形填空题50题
高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题完形填空题50题1Passage 1:In today's fast-paced world, education is of utmost importance. Students are constantly striving to achieve good grades and gain knowledge. High school is a crucial stage in one's academic journey. It is a time when students start to think about their future careers and make important decisions.1. Education is ___ for students' future.A. uselessB. importantC. unimportantD. boring答案：B。
解析：根据文中“In today's fast-paced world, education is of utmost importance.”可知教育对学生的未来很重要，A 选项“useless”无用的；C 选项“unimportant”不重要的；D 选项“boring”无聊的，均不符合语境。
2. High school is a ___ stage.A. unimportantB. easyC. crucialD. difficult答案：C。
解析：文中提到“High school is a crucial stage in one's academic journey.”，A 选项“unimportant”不重要的；B 选项“easy”容易的；D 选项“difficult”困难的，都与原文不符。
Passage 2:Sports play a significant role in our lives. They not only keep us fitand healthy but also teach us important values such as teamwork, discipline, and perseverance. Participating in sports activities can be a great way to relieve stress and have fun.3. Sports are ___ for our health.A. badB. goodC. uselessD. harmful答案：B。
高中英语阅读理解说明文主旨大意题
高中英语阅读理解说明文主旨大意题Identifying the main idea is a crucial skill for students to develop when reading comprehension passages in high school English classes. The main idea, also known as the central idea or thesis, is the primary message or point that the author is trying to convey to the reader. It is the overarching theme or focus of the entire passage. Being able to accurately determine the main idea is essential for fully understanding the text and being able to answer questions about it effectively.One of the key challenges in identifying the main idea is that it is often not directly stated in the passage. The author may imply the main idea rather than explicitly stating it. Students must carefully read between the lines and synthesize the information provided to determine the primary focus. This requires close reading, strong analytical skills, and the ability to distinguish central points from supporting details.Another difficulty is that passages can have multiple layers of meaning or focus on more than one idea. In these cases, there maynot be a single, clear-cut main idea. Students must evaluate the relative importance and emphasis of the different ideas presented to determine the primary message. This involves carefully weighing the evidence and considering the overall purpose and perspective of the text.To identify the main idea effectively, students should start by closely reading the passage and identifying the key points, themes, and arguments presented. They should look for repetition of certain ideas, as well as transitions and topic sentences that signal the focus of each paragraph. It can also be helpful to consider the title, introduction, and conclusion, as these sections often provide clues about the main idea.Once students have a sense of the central focus, they should evaluate which idea or point is the most significant, relevant, and emphasized throughout the passage. This may require synthesizing information from multiple paragraphs or sections. Students should also consider the author's purpose and intended audience, as these factors can shape the main idea.Ultimately, determining the main idea is a skill that requires practice and refinement. Students should be exposed to a variety of reading comprehension passages, both in their English classes and across the curriculum, and be given opportunities to analyze the texts andidentify the main ideas. With guidance and feedback, students can develop the critical thinking and close reading skills necessary to accurately determine the primary focus and key message of a passage.In addition to supporting reading comprehension, the ability to identify the main idea has broader applications. It is a valuable skill for academic success, as students must be able to extract the central points from textbooks, articles, and other course materials. It is also applicable in professional and personal contexts, as the capacity to discern the primary message or focus of a document or communication is essential for effective analysis, decision-making, and problem-solving.In conclusion, identifying the main idea is a fundamental skill for high school English students to master. By developing the ability to accurately determine the primary focus and key message of a reading comprehension passage, students can enhance their understanding of the text, improve their performance on assessments, and cultivate critical thinking skills that will serve them well throughout their academic and professional careers.。
高中阅读理解——主旨题解题技巧
阅读理解——主旨题解题技巧主旨大意题是高考英语阅读理解中常见命题形式。
主要考查学生把握全文主旨和理解文章中心思想的能力。
主旨大意题包括选择最佳标题（title），概括文章大意、段落大意和判断作者的写作目的（purpose）等。
常见的命题形式是：What does the passage/author mainly discuss?What is the first/second paragraph mainly about?What is the main idea of the text?What is the text mainly about?What is the best title for the text?What can be a suitable title for the text?What's the purpose of the passage?一、最佳标题方法：1、中心句法：根据文章中心句，提炼主题词充当文章标题。
2、当文章的写作对象特点较多时，常用写作对象的名称充当文章的标题。
3、将文章的写作对象和其主要特点、意义或影响整合充当文章的标题。
标题的特点：概括性：抽象、准确、简短，常用一个短语或一句话。
针对性：标题外延恰当，与文章内容相符，避免以偏概全。
醒目性：新颖奇特，激发读者的阅读兴趣。
注意排除标题干扰项：(1)片面性：概括不够。
所给选项只概括了文章的一部分内容，或以文章中的细节或个别字词作为选项，或以次要信息作为标题。
(2)过于笼统或过渡概括：所给选项概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容。
2018课标全国ⅡD篇We ‘ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What ‘s the problem? It ‘s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It ‘s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂)for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business dealbegins with small talk,”he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动)with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,”says Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral(边缘的)members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners,”he says.35.What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small TalkC.Benefits of Small TalkD.Uncomfortable Silence解析：中心句法。
合集高中英语阅读理解主旨大意题.doc
阅读理解专项突破——主旨大意【命题特点】主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
【常见考法】1标题类常见的标题型题干：1)The best title/ headline for this passage might be_____________.2)The text (passage) could be entitled ______________.3)What is the best title for the passage?4)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?2 大意类常见的主题型题干：5) This passage chiefly deals with____________.6) What’s the topic of the article?7) What is the subject discussed in the text?8) With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned?3 目的主旨大意题The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is______.The passage is meant to _____ The purpose of this article is _______【答题技巧】这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，不少文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，但是不少文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
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阅读理解专项突破——主旨大意【命题特点】主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
【常见考法】1标题类常见的标题型题干：1)The best title/ headline for this passage might be_____________.2)The text (passage) could be entitled ______________.3)What is the best title for the passage?4)Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?2 大意类常见的主题型题干：5) This passage chiefly deals with____________.6) What’s the topic of the article?7) What is the subject discussed in the text?8) With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned?3 目的主旨大意题The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is______.The passage is meant to _____ The purpose of this article is _______【答题技巧】这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，不少文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，但是不少文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。
找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
另外在许多文段中，没有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。
但必须注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
一、主题句呈现的形式1.文首开门见山, 提出主题, 随之用细节来解释, 支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想. 最常见的演绎法写作方式.例1.The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.例2.Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we continue to do this, human life on earth will not survive.2.文尾，在表述细节后, 归纳要点, 印象, 结论建议或结果, 以概括主题. 这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式例3.A human body appears to be rather soft and delicate, compared with that of a wild animal, but it is actually surprisingly strong. In deed, its very softness and looseness is an advantage; it makes man good at moving about movement of all living things of his own size, because he can do so many different things with his limbs. Man’s games show how he can control his own body. No other land creature can swim as skillfully as man; more has such varied grace; very few lives as long as he; none is so strong in its natural resistance to disease. Therefore man has a great advantage in his battle against the risks of damage and death that threaten him.3.文中，通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出, 而后又作进一步的解释, 支撑或发展.例4.Nothing is as useful as a flashlight in a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many darksituations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand a camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.4.首尾呼应，为突出主题, 作者先提出主题, 结尾时再次点出主题, 这种首尾呼应的写作方式较为多见. 但前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复, 后面的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味。
例5.（首段）Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes, “ It was seeing people with snakes bites that led me to the caree r.“she said…（尾段）“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes.”Shu said.5.无主题句，即主题句隐含在全文中, 没有明确的主题句. 必须根据文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。
必须注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
例6.Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.What is the main idea of the passage?＿＿＿＿A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer.B. Bingham is a diligent student.C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education.D. A good lawyer needs good education. 分析：此文没有主题句。
全篇共四句，只陈述了四个细节(detail)性的事实。
因此就答案本身看，个个都对。
读者只能将所有的details综合起来，进行逻辑推理，才能构成一个没有言明的主题思想(unstated main idea)。
由于文中主要涉及了Joshua Bingham接受教育的情况，即作者想告诉我们的是：Joshua Bingham接受过良好的教育，所以答案是Ｃ除了以上主题句呈现的常见形式外还要注意标志词文章或段落的主题句常常会出现在一些标志性的提示后。
如：on the whole, as a result, in short, therefore, thus…..I agree with the opinion that….;Given all these points above, I would support the idea that….; For all the reasons mentioned above, I would prefer….二、实例说明例1（文章请看推理判断例2，2003年全国高考）1.What would be the best title for the text?A．Computers and Printers B．E-mail and the Business WorldC．Internet Revolution and Environment D．Modern Technology and New Markets分析：本题考查对于全文主旨大意的把握并要求考生据此选择最佳标题．全文的关键词应该是Internet和Environment，因此答案为C．其余选项中的computers，printers，e—mail，business world，technology，market都在文中提到了，但其作用只是为了阐明主题所需，答题时不可以点代面．例2：As prices and building costs keep rising,the "do-it-yourself"(DIY)trend（趋势）in theU.S.continues to grow."We needed furniture（家具）for our living room,"says John Ross,"and we just didn't have enough money to buy it.So we decided to try making a few tables and chairs."John got married six months ago,and like many young people these days,they are struggling to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high.The Rosses took a 2-week course for $ 280 at a night school.Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house.Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died.Hs has a full-time job at home as well as in a shoe making st month,he received a car repair bill for $ 420."I was deeply upset about it.Now I've finished a car repair course,I should be able to fix the car by myself."John and Jim are not unusual people.Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money so the can fight the high cost of living.If you want to become a "do-it-yourselfer",you can go to DIY calsses.And for those who don't have time to take a course,there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.（1998NMET）2.What would be the best title for the text?A.the Joy of DIYB.You Can Do It Too!C.Welcome to Our DIY Course!D.Ross and Hatfield:Believers in DIY.分析：根据首句As prices and building costs keep rising,the "do-it-yourself"(DIY)trend（趋势）in the U.S.continues to grow.和尾句And for those who don't have time to take a course,there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.可以知道答案为B例3：A university graduate described as a “respectable and intelligent” woman is seeking professional help after being convicted of（证明有罪）shoplifting for the second time in six months.Ana Luz, recently studying for her PhD,has been told she could end up behind bars unless she can control the desire to steal from shops .Luz ,who lives with her partner in Fitzwilliam Road ,Cambridge ,admitted stealing clothes worth ￡9.95 from John Lewis in Oxford Street ,London ,on March 9.Phillip Lemoyne ,prosecuting（起诉）,said Luz selected some clothes from a display and took them to the ladies’ toilet in the store .When s he came out again she was wearing one of the skirts she had selected ,having taken off the anti-theft security alarms（防盗警报装置）.She was stopped and caught after leaving the store without paying ,Mr Lemoyne said.He added that she was upset on her arrest and apologized for her actions.Luz,28, was said to have been convicted of shoplifting by Cambridge judges last October ,but Morag Duff, defending ,said she had never been in trouble with the police before that .“She is ashamed and embarrassed but doesn’t really have any explanation why she did this ,” Miss Duff said . “She didn’t intend to steal when she went into the store .She is at a loss to explain it . She is otherwise a very respectable and intelligent young lady .She went to her doctor and asked for advice because she wants to know if there is anything in particular that caused her to do this.”Judge David Azan fined Luz ￡50, and warned : “You’ve got a criminal record .If you carry on like this ,you will end up in p rison ,which will ruin your bright future you may have.”Luz achieved a degree in design at university in her native Spain ,went on to a famous university in Berlin , Germany for her master’s degree and is now studying for a PhD at Cambridge University ,UK.（2004福建）3.What would be the best title for the passage ?A．Shoplifting Shame of a PhD Student B。