句子的正译与反译

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专升本翻译讲解

专升本翻译讲解

专升本英语翻译讲解一、把握和理解句子结构1. What can be done has been done.正译:能做的事情都已做了。

2. Having been given sucha good chance, how could she let it get away?正译:人家给了她这样一个好机会,她怎么能轻易放过?3. The police forced the way into the room, only to find the safe empty.正译:警察破门而入,结果发现保险箱已被洗劫一空。

4. It is impolite not return telephone calls—regardless of whom they are from.正译:不回电话是不礼貌的,不管电话是谁打来的。

5. The increase in international business has created a need for managers with skills in cross-culture communication.正译:国际贸易的增加需要具有跨国文化交流技能的经理。

6. Learning how to use the Internet effectively as a marketing tool means that you need to learn tow different but related bodies of language.正译:学习有效地使用因特网作为营销工具,意味着要学习两类互不相同却互相关联的知识。

7. I could not but admit that it was a wise decision.正译:我不得不承认那是个明智的决定。

8. These reports provide information on your courses and activity planning for the year.正译:这些报告为你提供本年度的课程与活动计划的信息。

正说反译

正说反译

1、正说反译:Miss the bus没有赶上车Live up to the expectations of my parent不辜负父母的期望Be absent from the meeting没有出席会议A final decision不可更改的决定Frost-free refrigerator无霜冰箱Freeze别动Mortally ill不治之症The window refuses to open窗户打不开Children were excluded from getting in the building 儿童不许进入这个房间The explanation is pretty thin这个解释站不住脚I have fallen behind with my correspondence我有一些信件还没有回复Fully clothes, he fell across his bunk and was instantly sleep 衣服也不脱,他往床上横着一倒,不一会儿就睡着了Don’t lose time in posting this letter不要忘了寄这封信No deposit will be refunded unless ticket produced凭票退押金例1:原文:她忍住了没有笑出声。

译文:She refrained from laughing.例2:原文:花园根本无人整理。

译文:The garden was in a state of total neglect.例3:原文:我不能忍受你的脾气。

译文:Your temper is more than I can bear.例4:原文:他宁死不屈。

译文:He would die before yielding.例5:原文:生活远非净是乐事。

译文:Life is far from being a bed of roses.例6:原文:风景美得无以言表。

翻译技巧--正译与反译

翻译技巧--正译与反译

1.名词
1) There was a complete absence of information on the oil deposit in that area. 关于该地区的石油储藏情况,人们毫无所知。 2) Her child was in a terrible state of neglect.
4) To our disappointment, he failed to take the overall situation into account.
使我们失望的是他不顾大局。
5) Such a chance was denied to me.
我没有得到这样一个机会。
类似的动词还有:
lack(缺乏,没有) defy(不服从,不遵从,不让) differ(不同,不同意,不合) miss(未打中,未见到,未达到)
直言不讳。
7) A dog in the manger. 占着茅坑不拉屎。 8) He who has a mind to beat his dog will easily find his stick. 欲加之罪,何患无辞。 9) He was utterly in the dark about what had happened in the department yesterday. 他对昨天系里发生的事全然不知。
II. Purposes of Conversion between Affirmation and Negation
1. to make the meaning clear 2. to strengthen the rhetorical effect 3. to make it conform to the idiomatic use of the target language

文言文翻译句子——关键词

文言文翻译句子——关键词

省略句、被动句、倒 装句、判断句及固定
句式
原因:(1)与现代汉语有较大差别 (2)是考题设置的关键得分点
抓关键词句,洞悉得分点
找出关键词语,特殊 句式,准确翻译
要有采分点的 意识,洞悉命 题者意图
关键词句不落实, 就会徒劳无功
注意:联系全文,注 意语境,字不离句, 句不离篇
知识储备
关键词,关键词多为常用或次常用的,平时要多 积累。解释通常与现在汉语不同的或有多个义项的词 语,以动词居多,形容词、名词次之。
词类活用,形作动
1.卒使上官大夫短屈原于顷襄王 译:最终让上官大夫去在顷襄王前诋毁屈原
通“剃” 2.其次剔毛发、婴金铁受辱
译:其次被剃去头发、用铁圈束颈受尽侮辱 。
3.岂非以其流落饥寒,终身不用,而一饭未尝忘 君也欤。 译:难道不是因为他颠沛流离忍饥受寒,终身不 被重用,却连一餐饭都不曾忘记报效君王吗?
涉及实词和虚词。实词包括多义词、古今异义词、 通假字、词性活用。 1、注意词的古今意义
例如,“去”的今义常用是“到……去”,而古 义常用是“离开”,动作趋向古今恰恰相反。
《荀子·致士》:“川渊枯则鱼龙去之 。”译为 “河流干枯了,那么鱼和蛟龙就离开这里。”
知识储备
2、注意一词多义 例如,同是“兵”这个词,在汉贾谊的《过秦论》
包括:发语词、凑足音节的助词、 倒装句的标志、句中停顿的词、个别连 词及偏义复词中虚设成分等。
结构助词,主谓之间取消 句子独立性,删去
1.师道之不传也久矣
语助,句中表停顿,以舒缓 语气,删去
译:从师的风尚不流传已经很久了 。
发语词,删去
2.夫圣人者,不凝滞于物,而能与世推移。 助词,表停顿,删去
译:道德修养达到最高境界的人,不为事物所拘束,而 能够和世事转变自己的想法。

英语语句翻译方法

英语语句翻译方法

英语语句翻译方法英语语句翻译方法有哪些?翻译其实只要掌握了方法并不难,看看下面吧!一、正反、反正表达法i.汉语从反面表达,译文从正面表达例1:他提出的论据相当不充实。

译文:The argument he put forward is pretty thin. (词) 例2:我们确信,年轻一代将不会辜负我们的信任。

译文:We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy ofour trust. (短语)例3:他七十岁了,可是并不显老。

译文:He was 70, but he carried his years lightly. (句子)II.汉语从正面表达,译文从反面表达例1:他这个人优柔寡断,而且总是反复无常。

译文:He was an indecisive sort of person and always capricious. (词)例2:调查结果清清楚楚地显示病人死于心脏病。

译文:The investigation left no doubt that the patient had died of heartdisease.(短语)例3:这类举动迟早会被人觉察的。

译文:Such actions couldn’t long escape notice. (句子) III.特殊的否认句式例1:有利必有弊。

译文:There is not any advantage without disadvantage. (双重否认)例2:我们在那个城市从未因为是犹太人而遭受歧视。

译文:In that city, we had never suffereddiscrimination because we wereJews. (否认转移)二、分句、合句法I.分句法汉译英时,需要分译的句子多数是长句,或者是构造复杂的复句。

这种句子如果译成一个长句,就会使译文冗长、累赘、意思表达不清楚,也不符合英文习惯。

常用十大英汉互译翻译技巧

常用十大英汉互译翻译技巧

常用十大翻译技巧英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。

常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。

1、增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。

这种方式多半用在汉译英里。

汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或"There be?结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。

英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。

英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。

因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。

英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。

因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。

英语句子离不开介词和冠词。

另外,在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。

总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。

如:(1)What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何?(增译主语和谓语)(2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations.要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句)(3)Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。

(增译名词)(4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。

句子翻译

句子翻译
句子翻译
1.没有调查研究就没有发言权。 He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. No investigation, no right to speak.
2. 虚心使人进步, 骄傲使人落后。
Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.
This information is accessible/available on the Internet. (反译)
8.他突然想到了一个新主意。 Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译)
He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译) A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. (反译)
12. 说话时,已摆了茶果上来。
Meanwhile refreshments had been served.
6.在美国,人人都能买到枪。 In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译) In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)
7.你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。
You can obtain this information on the Internet. (正译)
She is anything but a bright student. (反译)
11. 口试时,问了பைடு நூலகம்个问题,她都答对了。
She was asked ten questions in the oral exam and answered every one of them correctly.

8英语翻译之正反译

8英语翻译之正反译

反说正译法(介词短语)
The child can walk without any help now. 这小孩现在完全能自己走路了。 She came into the room with no shoes on. 她光着脚走进了房间。 The train coming from Moscow will arrive in no time. 来自莫斯科的火车很快就会到达。 Students, with no exception, are to have physical examinations. 今天下午学生统统要进行体检。
She
felt miserable.
她感到心里不舒服。
His key was lost.
他的钥匙不见了。
正说反译法(名词)
This district was in a state of neglect. 这个地方处于无人管理状态。 There is lack of water supply here. 这里供水不足。 He did it just out of ignorance. 他做了此事只是出于无知。
练一练:
8. Would you please undress your overcoat before going in to the room? 请你进房间之前脱掉外衣。 9. Did the child displease you? 孩子让你生气了吗? 10. Appearance are deceptive. 外表是靠不住的。
正说反译、反说正译法
1、反说正译法(动词) 2、反说正译法(形容词) 3、反说正译法(副词) 4、反说正译法(名词) 5、反说正译法(介词短语)
反说正译法(形容词)

短句翻译中的正译与反译技巧

短句翻译中的正译与反译技巧

短句翻译中的正译与反译技巧作者:邵婷王秀峰来源:《校园英语·下旬》2018年第05期【摘要】正译和反译是译者应熟练掌握的两种常见翻译技巧。

短句是指字数简短,语言逻辑简单的句子,在短句翻译中,最常用到的翻译技巧就是正译与反译。

本文通过对比分析短句翻译中的正译与反译,从具体实例中分析了这两种翻译技巧在不同场合下的使用情况,以期帮助翻译人员更灵活的处理短句翻译。

【关键词】短句翻译;正译;反译;翻译技巧一、引言“正译”一词,最早出现于清朝魏象乾的《繙清说》一书中。

书中提出了“正译”的翻译标准,并针对翻译技巧提出具体要求。

书中写到,译者要做到“不增不减,不颠不倒,不恃取意”。

这里的正译可以理解为在翻译原文本时,尽量不任意的增加删减,颠倒顺序,改动原意。

正译是指把句子按照与源语相同的语序或表达方式进行翻译。

翻译时如果难以采用正译法,或因英汉两种语言习惯不同,需要加强修辞效果,更确切地表达原文的含义时,译者可以考虑用反面表达,或将原文的反面表达改用正面表达,使译文更流畅。

在翻译短句的过程中,原文从正面表达,译文有时可以从反面表达,这种翻译方法称为“正说反译法”;而原文从反面表达时译文可以从正面表达这种翻译方法称为“反说正译”。

这两种翻译方式统称为反译法。

反译法是指将语句按照和原来句子顺序相反的次序重新排列。

本文通过分析短句,探讨在翻译实践中怎样巧妙运用正译和反译,使译文表达更贴切,读者更易理解。

二、短句翻译中的正译无论在英译汉还是汉译英中,正译都是一种比较简单的翻译技巧,尤其在短句中,正译只需按原文的行文逻辑进行翻译,无需改动原文逻辑顺序或将肯定词更换为否定词。

1.英译汉中的正译。

例1:He gave me an indefinite answer. 他给了我一个不清楚的答复。

例2:The doubt was still unsolved. 疑团仍然未解决。

例3:Do you know why she is trying to avoid you?你知道她为什么躲着你吗?2.汉译英中的正译。

30个句子翻译

30个句子翻译

正反译法:1 他这么做是有道理的。

(正说反译)He doesn't do it for nothing.2 活到老,学到老。

(正说反译)Never too late to learn.3趁还没忘记,我现在就来做这件事。

(反说正译)I'll do it now before I forget it.物称与人称1 我突然想到了一个主意。

An idea suddenly stuck me.2 他们欣喜若狂。

A great elation overcame them.3 他开始变得惊恐万状。

Alarm began to take entire possession of him.语态的转换1这孩子昨天挨了一顿批评。

The boy was criticized yesterday.2 爱情不能强求。

Love can't be forced.3中国到处都在打乒乓球。

Table tennis is played all over China.重复的翻译1 幸福在于自知拥有幸福。

Happiness lies in the consciousness we have it.2 这是革命的春天,这是人民的春天,这是科学的春天。

This is the springtime for the revolution, this is the springtime for the people, this is the springtime for the sciences.3 教育要面向全世界,面向社会,面向未来。

Education must be geared to the needs of the world, the society and the future.外位语翻译1 从各个方面考虑,我们认为这是个好的计划。

All things considered, it is a good plan.2你的朋友们会说什么呢?Your friend, what will they say?3那只猫吃了那只老鼠,连皮带骨都吃了。

英语翻译中直译和意译

英语翻译中直译和意译

直译是基础,意译是补充能直译就尽量直译,不能直译就采取意译1. Their accent couldn‘t fool a native speaker. A. 他们的口音不能愚弄本地人B.本地人是不会听不出他们是外乡人的。

C.本地人一听他们的口音便知道他们是外乡人的。

2. Smashing a mirror is no way to make an ugly person beautiful ,nor is it a way to make social problems evaporate.意译:砸镜子并不能解决实际问题。

直译:砸镜子并不能使丑八怪变漂亮,也不能使社会问题烟消云散。

3.He felt a rush of fear churning his stomach.直译:他感到一阵恐惧涌上胃口意译:他感到一阵恐惧涌上心头4. He bent solely upon profit. A. 他只屈身与利润之前B.只有利润才使他低头。

C.他惟利是图5. Would there be any possibility of having breakfast on the train before we are decanted in Munich ?A.当我们在慕尼黑被腾出车厢之前有任何在火车上吃早饭的可能性吗?B.我们在慕尼黑被腾出车厢之前,有可能在火车上吃早饭吗?6. He had about as much chance of getting a job as of being chosen mayor of Chicago. A.他找到工作的机会和当选芝加哥市长的机会差不多B.他找到工作的机会简直跟当选芝加哥市长同样困难。

C.他找到工作的机会简直微乎其微。

正说与反说1.The administration was free corruption. 这届政府没有腐败现象2. Wet paint. 油漆未干3.I remained confused about the problem.这个问题我还是不懂4. They are dependent on each other.他们谁也离不开谁5. He is far from what I expected.他远不是我想象的那样。

句子翻译正说反译反说正译

句子翻译正说反译反说正译
hard as ever. • 他不在,我感到很寂寞。 • In his absence, I felt very lonely. • 我很高兴看见你安然无恙。 • I am glad to see you safe and sound. • 他们的供应不足,冬季又将来临。 • Their supply line was thin and winter was
proposal with dignity.
正说反译
(一)汉、英两种语言的表达习惯不 同。
• 我很快就可以回老家了。
• It will not be long before I go back to my hometown.
(二)语气的需要。 • 有失才有得。
• You can’t make an omelet without breaking eggs.
正说与反说
• 但是由于汉英两种语言表达习惯 不同,在很多情况下会出现正说 反译,反说正译的情况。
• 我完全同意。 • I can't agree with you more. • 你们大错特错了。 • You couldn't be more mistaken.
正说与反说
• 油漆未干! • Wet paint! • 不好意思! • I‘m sorry. • 外表往往是靠不住的。 • Appearances are often deceptive. • 美国不失体面地接受了这项和平方案。 • The U.S.A accepted the peace
他上火车站去接他的朋友,可是未 能在人群中见到他。
He went to the station to meet his friend, but he missed him in the crowd.

中译英和英译中的一些句子与词语翻译

中译英和英译中的一些句子与词语翻译

a clap of thunder = 响起一阵掌声 a flush of love = 油然而生的一股爱意a flicker of doubt=闪过一丝怀疑 a stab of guilt=因良心谴责而感到痛苦a breath of wind=刮过一阵风 a glimmer of hope=闪过一丝希望a quiver of lightning=一道闪电划破黑暗的天空walking dictionary=活字典restricted publications=内部刊物story problem=应用题day student=走读生over-the-counter medicine=非处方药emergency exit=太平门honey trap=美人计手扶拖拉机=walking tractor 画蛇添足=put a fifth wheel to the cart姐妹篇=companion volume 假眼=glass eye九五折=five percent discount 不二价=one price传销=pyramid selling 三角债=debt chain一次性筷子=disposable /throwaway chopsticks一次性杯子=sanitary/ throwaway cap一次性包装=non-returnable container涂了黄油的面包=bread and butter 有链的小表=a watch and chain浇了奶油的水果=fruit and cream 兑了水的白兰地=brandy and watera twinge of embarrassment=因难堪而感到一阵刺痛An erupt of gunfire=突然爆发的一阵枪声a burst of laughter=暴发出一阵笑声 a gust of anger=心中冒出一股怒火lie on one’s back=仰卧stand on one’s hand=倒立breaststroke=蛙泳parallel bars=双杠outpatient=门诊病人departure lounge=候机室table ware=餐具vacuum flask=保暖杯乳臭未干=still wet behind the ears成绩报告单=school report 座钟=standing clock 狗仔队=paparazzi 恶搞=spoof隐离=stealthy divorce 版主=moderator 穿有线的针=a needle and thread罗盘=a box and needles 天平=a beam and scale 轻便马车=a horse and buggy四匹马拉的马车=a carriage and fourShe was over some paper work. 那时她正忙于一些书面工作。

关于翻译英语的方法

关于翻译英语的方法

关于翻译英语的方法翻译是在准确、通顺的基础上,把一种语言信息转变成另一种语言信息的行为。

下面是店铺给大家整理的翻译英语的方法,供大家参阅!翻译英语的方法:直译法所谓直译,就是在译文语言条件许可时,在译文中既保持原文的内容,又保持原文的形式。

汉语和英语两种语言存在着许多共同之处,许多英语句子的翻译完全可以采取直译的方法,这样可以获得一举两得之功效,既保持了原文的结构,又正确表达了原文的内容,做到了原汁原味地重现原文的意境。

例1:Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind. 青春不是年华,而是心境。

例2:a drop in the ocean沧海一粟例3:Knowledge is power.知识就是力量翻译英语的方法:增译法增译法指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。

同时,在翻译时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。

总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。

例4:只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯。

While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps.(增译连词) 例5:All cash bonus shall be subject to income tax.所有现金红利,均须缴纳所得税。

(根据汉语行文习惯,增加动词) 翻译英语的方法:词类转换法转换法指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。

英语中很多由动词转化而成的名词、以及动名词、非谓语动词等,译成汉语时可将它们转换成动词,这类用法在实践中出现很多。

40个难翻译的句子

40个难翻译的句子

1. Do you have a family?正确译文:你有孩子吗?2.It's a good father that knows his son.就算是最好的父亲,也未必了解自己的儿子.3.I have no opinion of that sort of man.我对这类人很反感.4.She put 5 dollars into my hand,"you have been a great man today. "她把5美圆塞到我手上说:"你今天表现得很好."5.I was the youngest son, and the youngest but two.我是最小的儿子,但是我还有两个妹妹.6.The picture flattered her.她比较上照.7.The country not agreeing with her, she returned to England.她杂那个国家水土不服,所以回到了英国.8. He is a walking skeleton.他很瘦.9.The machine is in repair.机器已经修好了.10.He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty.他让法官的职责战胜了父子的亲情,最终宣布儿子有罪.11.You don't know what you are talking about.你在胡说八道.12.You don't begin to understand what they mean.你根本不知道他们在干嘛. don't begin :决不13.They didn't praise him slightly.他们大大地表扬了他.14.That's all I want to hear.我已经听够了.15.I wish I could bring you to see my point.你要我怎么说你才能明白呢.16.You really flatter me.你让我受宠若惊.17.He made a great difference.有他没他结果完全不一样.20.The monk is only not a dead man.这个和尚虽然活着,但跟死了差不多.21.A surgeon made a cut in the patient's stomach.外科医生在病人胃部打了个洞.22.You look darker after the holiday.你看上去更健康了.23.As luck would have it, he was caught by the teacher again.不幸的是,他又一次被老师逮个正着.24.She held the little boy by the right hand.她抓着小男孩的右手.(这里"by"与"with"动作主语完全相反.)25.Are you there?等于句型:Do you follow me?26.If you think he is a good man, think again.如果你认为他是好人,那你就大错特错了.27.She has blue eyes.她长着双蓝眼睛.28.That took his breath away.他大惊失色.29.Two is company but three is none.两人成伴,三人不欢.30.The elevator girl reads between passengers.开电梯的姑娘在没有乘客时看书."between"="without":相同用法:She modeled between roles.译成:她不演戏时去客串下模特.31.Students are still arriving.学生还没有到齐.32.I must not stay here and do nothing.我不能什么都不做待在这儿.33.They went away as wise as they came.译文:他们一无所获.34.I won’t do it to save my life.译文:我死也不会做.35.Nonsense, I don’t think his painting is any better than yours. 译文:胡说,我认为他的画比你好不到哪去.36.Traditionally, Italian presidents have been seen and not heard. 译文:这个总统有名无权.37.Better late than the late.译文:迟到总比丧命好.38.You don’t want to do that.译文:你不应该去做。

Group3 final

Group3 final

(三)副词
It is invariably wet when I take my holidays. 我休假时总是下雨。 我休假时总是下雨。 The sea was, unfortunately, very rough that day. 可惜,那天的海浪很大。 可惜,那天的海浪很大。
(四)形容词
1)形容词
1、他可是非常勇敢的。 He is not coward. 2、我们很快就可以完成任务了。 It will not be long before we finish our job. 3、狮子和老虎一样残忍。 The lion is no less cruel than the tiger.
4)名词
1、严禁停车! No parking! 2、这家机构因公正在国际上享有声誉。 The agency enjoys an international reputation for impartiality. 3、一分耕耘,一分收获。 No pains, no gains.
5)动词
1、那个房间的窗总是关着的。 The windows of that room were never open. 2、玛丽这几年一直是全勤。 Mary has never missed a day’s work for years. 3、她那么仔细,一定已经注意到了这一点。 She is too careful not to have noticed it.
It was inconsiderate of him to mention the matter in her hearing. 他实在轻率,竟当着她的面谈论此事。 他实在轻率,竟当着她的面谈论此事。 (4) This kind of birds is unusual winter visitors to China 这种鸟冬季很少到中国来。 这种鸟冬季很少到中国来。

正反译法LQ

正反译法LQ

Ⅱ. 阅读下列英语产品说明书,并尝试用汉语回答问题。 (Correction Fluid and Liquid Paper) SHAKE WELL, TOUGH ON, DO NOT BRUSH Apply sparingly by dotting outline of each letter with brush-tip. Allow 8-10 seconds to dry. Recap tightly after each use. Thin only with LIQUID PAPER Thinner No. 565-01. AVAILABLE IN OTHER COLORS. Avoid contact with clothing. Wipe up accidental spills quickly. DO NOT USE THINNER. Advise professional dry cleaner to treat this material similar to paint satin. Complies with proposition 65 environmental guidelines. Stock No. 564-01. WARNING: INTENTIONAL MISUSE BY DELIBERATELY CONCENTRATING AND INHALING. THE CONTENTS CAN BE HARMFUL OR FATAL. NO-FLAMMABLE The Ginette Company, stationery products division box 61, Boston, MA 02199 Made in USA.
(5) He wishes to live a life free from care. A:他想过一种无忧无虑的生活 B:他想过一种不受任何干扰的生活。 译文一 英语中某些固定短语在翻译成汉语时一般要采用 正义反译的方法,常见短 语有:far from(远非), free from(不受„„), prevent from(阻止), protect from(保护„„不受„„), but for(要 不是), but that(要不是), anything but(决不), cannot but(不得不), other than(不是), rather than(不是), more than(不是)。

翻译技巧之正译与反译

翻译技巧之正译与反译
2)This country is now unprecedentedly expanding its industry.
这个国家目前正在以空前的规模发展其工业。
第二十八页,共34页。
5.短语
1)To be or not to be, that is the question. 生存还是毁灭,这是值得考虑之点。 2)Don’t lose time in cleaning this machine. 赶快把这部机器擦好。 3)All men between 18 and 45 without exception are
一切国际争端应通过谈判而不是武装冲突来解决。
第六页,共34页。
下面按词性列举它们的翻译方法
第七页,共34页。
1.名词
1) There was a complete absence of information on the oil deposit in that area.
关于该地区的石油储藏情况,人们毫无所知。 2) Her child was in a terrible state of neglect. 她的孩子简直没人管。 3)Shortness of time has required the
blind(看不到、不注意)
dead (无生命的、无感觉的、不毛的)
difficult(不容易的) foreign to(不适合于,与……无关)
short of (不够)
poor(不好的,不幸的) ignorant of (不知道)
第十五页,共34页。
4.介词或介词短语
1) What you said is beside the question. 你所说的与本题无关。
failtodo未能没做到lack缺乏没有deny不承认不给defy不服从不遵从不让differ不同不同意不合miss未打中未见到未达到forbid不许stop不准ignore不理不肯考虑等

英语翻译 逻辑正与反2

英语翻译 逻辑正与反2

正译和反译(译例精选3)
• 他决非诚实之人。
• He is far from being honest.
正译和反译(译例精选2) • 你的请求我办不到。 • Your request is beyond my power. • 人生有限,学问无涯。 • Art is long,but life is short. • That's a thing that might happen to anyone. • 这种事谁也难免。
正译和反译(5) • (9)我不知道是否象预测的那样将要发生地震. • I don’t know if the earthquake would happen as predicted. • I wonder if the earthquake would happen as predicted. • (10)你最好不要失信. • You’d better not take back your promise. • You’d better keep your word.
正译和反译(8) • (15)巧妇难为无米之炊. • Even the cleverest housewife cannot cook a meal without rice. • A meal can be cooked only when there is rice. • (16)无巧不成书. • There is no story without coincidence. • Stories are made up only by coincidence.
正译和反译(7) • (13)他的行为始终不容怀疑. • His conduct allows no suspicion. • His conduct has always been above suspicion. • • • • (14)借钱无异于乞求. Borrowing is not different from begging. Borrowing is not much better than begging. Borrowing amounts to begging.
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句子的正译与反译英汉两种语言习惯不同,有时英语里正说的句子,译成汉语时不得不处理成反说,反之亦然。

所谓正译,是指把句子按照与原语相同的语序或表达方式译入目的语。

所谓反译则是指把句子按照与原语相反的语序或表达方式译入目的语。

正译和反译都是一种翻译方法,其目的是为了解决翻译过程中所遇到的表达方面的困难,使译文更通顺达意。

实际上英汉两种语言均可以从正面或反面来表达同一概念。

如:在美国,人人都能买到枪。

正译:In the United States, everyone can buy a gun.反译:In the United States, guns are available to everyone.你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。

正译:You can obtain this information on the Internet.反译:This information is accessible/available on theInternet.他突然想到了一个新主意。

正译:Suddenly he had a new idea.He suddenly thought out a new idea.反译:A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him.他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。

正译:He still could not understand me.反译:Still he failed to understand me.无论如何,她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。

正译:She can hardly be rated as a bright student.反译:She is anything but a bright student.Please withhold the document for the time being.正译:请暂时扣下这份文件。

反译:请暂时不要发这份文件。

正说反译或反说正译的相互转换,其目的主要有三个:1.明确语义。

2.加强修辞。

3.符合目的语习惯。

例如:一、.正说反译Please tender exact fare. 自备零钞、不找零钱。

(明确)That’s a thing that might happen to anyone.这种事谁也难免。

(加强修辞)But we must bear in mind that the great proportion of books, plays and films which come before the censor are very far from being "works of art".可是我们要牢记送到审读员面前的大量书刊、戏剧和电影远非"杰作"。

To criticize it (intelligence test) for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.批评智力测验不反映上述情况,犹如批评温度计不能测出风速一样。

(such failure 是正面表达,但从上下文看,是指"An intelligence test does not measure character, social adjustments ...",故译为"不反映上述情况"。

)H e was absent from his own country last year.他去年不在自己的国家里。

(原文正说,译文反说。

)We may safely say so.我们这样说万无一失。

Both sides thought that the peace proposal was one they could accept with dignity.双方认为,那和平建议是一个他们可以接受而不失体面的建议。

The decision has to come.决定还没做出。

If it worked once, it can work twice.一次得手,再次不愁。

这小孩现在完全能自己走了。

The child can walk without any help now. (汉语原文正说,英文译文反说。

)法律面前,人人平等。

Law is no respecter of persons.我和老王说句话,马上就回来。

Just to have a word with Old Wang. I won’t be long.在不少情况下,有的介词短语如不从反面着笔,译文就不通,这时必须反译。

像beyond, past,against等表示超过某限度的能力或反对....时,其短语有时用反译法。

如:It is past repair.这东西无法修补了。

There are some arguments against the possibility of life on this planet.有人不同意这行星上可能有生物的说法。

Radio telescopes have been able to probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes.射电望远镜已能探测普通光学望远镜达不到的宇宙空间。

用语义冗余不仅能为单个的词选择意义或发现“新义”,而且可以准确译出一段中的许多词语。

利用语义冗余还有助于表达:一般说来,词义理解正确了,off, from等表示地点,距离时,有时用反译法。

如:The boat sank off the coast.这只船在离海岸不远处沉没了。

but,except,besides等表示除去、除外时,也用反译法:Copper is the best conductor but silver.铜是仅次于银的最优导体。

The molecular formula, C6H14, does not show anythingexcept the total number of carbon and hydrogen atoms.分子式C6H14只用来表示碳原子和氢原子的总数。

from,in等介词短语作补足语时,有时用反译法。

如:An iron case will keep the Earth's magnetic field away from the compass.铁箱能使地球磁场影响不了指南针。

The signal was shown about the machine being order.信号表明机器没有毛病。

请注意所谓英语正面表达是指在原文中没有用no、not或带否定意义前缀的词,如:dishonest, impossible, indirect。

英语中有些词或短语常常正说反译,如:miss the bus(没有赶上公共汽车),live up to the Party's expectations(不辜负党的期望),be absent from the meeting(没有出席会议),a final decision(不可改变的决定),(be) at a loss (不知所措)等。

英语中有时原词所表达的并不是其字面意义,而是其字面意义的反义,或者说是对其字面意义的否定。

例如:gas mask(防毒面具),riot police(防暴警察),crisis law(反危机法案)。

有些句子则需通过上下文,根据逻辑推理,仔细推敲关键词的实际含义,再采取适当的反译法进行翻译。

例如:In fact, the willingness to experiment is one of the most striking features of China today, and it seems to be rooted in confidence rather than security.实际上,这种敢于试验的愿望是当今中国最显著的特点之一。

它源于信心,而非出于担忧。

(此句中security其实指的是insecurity。

作者是说中国对未来充满信心而大胆进行改革实验,并不是因为国内混乱和不稳定才被迫改革。

)总之,所谓正说反译的目的就是使译文和原文所表达的真正含义相一致。

二、.反说正译I won’t keep you waiting long.我一会儿就回来。

(明确语义)Isn’t it funny! 真逗!(加强修辞)“You will try to tide me over, won’t you?” “Won’t I!”“你会帮我渡过难关的,是吗?” “当然!”(符合汉语习惯)反说正译是重要的翻译方法之一。

常见的反义正译的例子还有:In the long run, there is no doubt that everybody would be much better off if smoking were banned altogether, but people are not ready for such drastic action.从长远的观点来看,十分清楚,如果完全禁止吸烟,那么每个人的境况将得到很大改善。

但对于采取这种极端措施,人们尚无准备。

The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind.科学研究的方法只是人类思维活动的必要表达方式。

It is no less than blackmail to ask such a high price.开这么高的价,简直是敲竹杠。

I am not so sick but I can come to sit for the exam.我尽管有病,但是还能来参加考试。

(或:我还没有病到不能来参加考试。

)The beaten enemy had no other choice than to surrender.被击败的敌人只得投降。

You cannot attach too much importance to the matter.你应该非常重视这件事情。

He is no less clever than his brother.他和他兄弟一样聪明。

The man over there is none other than our principal.站在那儿的人正是我们的校长。

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