翻译理论与实践笔译期末复习及答案
慕课江西财经大学翻译理论与实践
慕课江西财经大学翻译理论与实践第一章 1.1翻译的定义1.翻译就是指翻译行为。
（错）2.翻译按其工作方式分为口译和笔译。
（对）3.翻译还包括非言语符号翻译。
（对）4.翻译既是一门艺术，也是一门科学。
（对）1.2翻译的标准1.不同学者提出了不同的翻译标准。
（对）2.作为翻译标准的“信、达、雅”是严复提的。
（对）3.奈达提出等值翻译标准。
（对）4.傅雷提出了“神似”的翻译标准。
（对）1.3直译和意译1.直译和意译是最常用的两种翻译方法。
（对）2.直译是一种既重原文内容又重原文形式的翻译方法。
（对）3.所谓意译，指忠实于原文内容而不拘泥于原文句型结构、语法形式和修辞手法的翻译方法。
（对）1.4零译和加注法1.自从有翻译活动，就存在零翻译现象。
（对）2.零翻译亦称原形转译,是将原语符号原封不动地转入译语的特殊转译方式，所译对象包括语言符号和非语言符号。
（对）3.零翻译通常包括缩略语零翻译、词语零翻译、语句零翻译和语篇零翻译。
（对）1.5形译和解释性翻译1.形译，也称像译，指翻译时通过具体形象直接表达原义，实物形状由译语文字直接显示或由译语词语的主要义素间接显示（对）2.所谓字形翻译，是指原语的字形被等值的译语字形所替换。
（对）3.释义法实际上是一种意译法。
它是指抛弃原文的具体语言表达形式，采用解释性的方式来翻译原文的意思。
（对）1.6音译原则1.音译，顾名思义，就是照着原文的读音翻译。
（对）2.词语音译有利也有弊。
（对）3.有些缩略词语音译，具有用词精简而又指意明确的效果。
（对）慕课单元作业 1翻译下列句子，注意一词多义。
1.a soft aboveground launching site2.The record has been considered soft ever since it was set last May.3.The landing must be super-soft, made at a velocity of 18 miles or so an hour.4.Marijuanna is usually regarded as a soft drug.5.At this stage there is only soft intelligence about the enemy intention. We should not shoot him from the hip.6. It is not right for children to sit up late.7. The plane was right above our heads.8. In the negative, right and left, and black and white are reversed.9.She tried her best to right her husband from the charge of robbery.10. He is ill; that accounts for his absence.1.无坚固掩体的地面发射基地2.自从去年五月创造了这个纪录以来，这个纪录被认为是很容易被打破的。
《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷附答案B卷
《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷附答案B卷一、单词翻译（共10题，每题2分，共20分）1、neutral2、meter3、sodium hydroxide4、external5、in the absence of6、间歇的；断断续续的7、复杂的8、依靠；由于9、限于10、粗粒子二、句子翻译（共5题，每题4分，共20分）1、Acid-base indicators (also known as pH indicators) are substances which change color with pH.2、I am bored with the dull office work.3、It’s my pleasure to offer some help to you.4、从大连到沈阳的直达特快火车什么时候离开？5、在周末，我们可以去游泳或去钓鱼。
三、段落翻译（共3题，每题20分，共60分）1、In metals, thermal conduction results from the motion of free electrons, and there is close correspondence between thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. In solids that are poor conductors of electricity and in most liquids, thermal conduction results from momentum transfer between adjacent vibrating molecules or atoms. In gases, conduction occurs by the random motion of molecules, so that heat is “diffused” from hotter regions to colder ones.2、黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。
英汉笔译期末考试题及答案
英汉笔译期末考试题及答案一、词汇翻译（每题1分，共10分）1. 请将下列英语单词翻译成中文：- Innovation- Sustainability- Infrastructure- Collaboration- Resilience2. 请将下列中文词汇翻译成英文：- 创新- 可持续性- 基础设施- 合作- 弹性二、句子翻译（每题3分，共15分）1. The rapid development of technology has transformed our daily lives.2. 随着经济全球化的深入发展，国际交流日益频繁。
3. 环境保护已成为全球关注的焦点。
4. 他致力于推动教育改革，提高教育质量。
5. 这个项目的成功依赖于团队成员的共同努力。
三、段落翻译（每题5分，共30分）1. 翻译以下英文段落到中文："The concept of a smart city is becoming increasingly popular. It involves the use of information and communicationtechnologies to enhance the quality and performance of urban services, to reduce costs, resource consumption and enhance sustainability."2. 翻译以下中文段落到英文："随着互联网技术的飞速发展，电子商务已经成为现代经济的重要组成部分。
它极大地方便了人们的生活，同时也为企业提供了新的商业模式和市场机会。
"四、短文翻译（每题10分，共40分）1. 翻译以下英文短文到中文："In recent years, the rise of social media has had a profound impact on society. It has changed the way we communicate, share information, and interact with each other. The accessibility and immediacy of social media platforms have made it easier for people to stay connected, regardless of their physical location."2. 翻译以下中文短文到英文："随着中国在国际舞台上的日益崛起，越来越多的外国人开始学习汉语。
翻译期末考试试卷和答案
翻译期末考试试卷和答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译理论中，通常认为翻译是一种______。
A. 语言转换B. 文化交流C. 信息传递D. 艺术创作答案：A2. 在翻译过程中，译者需要关注原文的______。
A. 语法结构B. 词汇选择C. 语境意义D. 以上都是答案：D3. 直译和意译是翻译中的两种基本方法，其中直译更侧重于______。
A. 忠实原文B. 传达原文风格C. 传达原文信息D. 适应目标语言习惯答案：A4. 翻译中的“信、达、雅”是哪位翻译家提出的？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 傅雷D. 鲁迅答案：A5. 在翻译中，如何处理文化差异是一个重要的问题。
以下哪项不是处理文化差异的方法？A. 归化B. 异化C. 直译D. 增译答案：C6. 翻译中，对于专业术语的处理应该遵循______。
A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 以上都不是答案：D7. 翻译中的“等效”概念是由哪位学者提出的？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 奈特·巴斯内特D. 詹姆斯·霍姆斯答案：A8. 在翻译实践中，译者需要考虑目标读者的______。
A. 语言习惯B. 文化背景C. 阅读偏好D. 以上都是答案：D9. 翻译中的“忠实”原则主要是指忠实于______。
A. 原文作者B. 原文内容C. 原文形式D. 原文风格答案：B10. 翻译中的“流畅性”主要是指译文的______。
A. 语言自然B. 信息完整C. 风格一致D. 结构清晰答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 翻译是一种跨文化的______活动。
答案：交际12. 翻译的三大标准是信、达、______。
答案：雅13. 翻译中的“直译”是指尽可能保持原文的______和结构。
答案：语言14. 翻译中的“意译”是指在传达原文______的基础上，对原文进行适当的调整。
答案：信息15. 翻译中的“增译”是指在不改变原文______的前提下，增加一些内容以使译文更加流畅。
《翻译理论与实践(笔译)》期末复习辅导 - 萧山电大
浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放专科)《英语翻译基础》期末复习一、考试题型和模拟题1. 选择题：10题，每题2分，共20分。
范围主要包括翻译标准，直译与意译问题，翻译的定义，文化与翻译的问题。
2. 问答题：1题，共10分。
范围主要包括直译与意译问题，翻译的标准，以及翻译与文化的关系等等。
3．改译句子：10题，共30分。
3. 段落翻译（英译汉）：2段，共40分。
一、选择题（在四个选项中选择一个正确答案）：1. 明朝末年的翻译家徐光启主要从事--- ---的翻译。
A. 佛教经典B. 文学作品C. 科技著作D. 哲学著作2. 《马氏文通》的作者马建忠提出了“--- ---”的翻译观点。
A. 善译B. 化境C. 神似D. 信、达、雅3. 出版后即风靡海内的《巴黎茶花女遗事》是-- ----的译作。
A．严复 B. 林纾C. 林语堂D. 梁实秋4.“意译”是指译文从意义出发，要求将原文的意义正确表达出来，不必拘泥于-- ----的形式。
A. 词句B. 词句和比喻C. 各种修辞手段D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段5. 翻译是一种（）的交际活动。
A．跨语言，跨文化，跨社会 B. 跨语言C．跨语言，跨社会 D. 跨语言，跨社会6. 翻译的理想单位是：__________。
（）A．篇章 B. 句子 C.词语 D. 单词7．下列四个语言特点中，---- --不是广告英语的特点。
A. 多祈使句B. 多后置定语C. 多新词汇D. 多常用词汇8. 鲁迅曾提出过“------- --------”的翻译观点。
A. 宁顺而不信B. 宁信而不顺C. 与其信而不顺，不如顺而不信D. 忠实、通顺、得体9．“Do you see any green in my eye?”可以翻译为：__ _____。
A. 你从我的眼睛里看到绿颜色吗？B. 你以为我是好欺骗的吗？C. 你从我的眼睛里看到嫉妒的感觉吗？D. 你以为我在嫉妒你吗？10. “Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.” 意思为( )。
翻译理论与实践(汉译英)习题(附答案)
翻译理论与实践（汉译英）习题第一周词的选择复习思考题：翻译下列句子，注意选词：我的表不准，每天快十多分钟。
时间过得真快！情人节快到了。
这把刀很快。
参考译文：My watch doesn’t keep good time. It gains more than ten minutes a day.How time does fly!Valentine’s Day is near. Or:Valentine’s Day is at hand. Or:Valentine’s Day is drawing near.The knife is really sharp. (*The knife is swift.)第二周词语翻译技巧（词义引申）复习思考题练习：根据本节所讲进行选词1.人民现在为什么拥护我们？就是这十几年有发展。
2.由于全球气候变暖，海平面在一点点地上升。
3.改革开放也使民族精神获得了解放。
4.我们的企业应着重提高国际竞争力。
5.中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。
6.世界科技进步和产业结构的调整，亚太地区经济的迅速增长，给我国经济发展提供了有利条件。
在我国中长期发展中，也有不可制约的因素，突出的是：……7.在1993年亚太经合组织第一次领导人非正式会议上，我曾说过，把一个什么样的世界带到二十一世纪，是我们这一代领导人必须认真思考和解决的重大问题。
环顾新世纪初的世界和亚太地区形势，可以说是有喜有忧。
8.为了进行认真细致的考察，他很少乘车坐船，几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭，长途跋涉；为了弄清大自然的真相，他总是挑选道路艰险的山区，人迹稀少的森林进行考察，发现了许多奇山秀景。
9.专家普遍认为积极的财政政策对于最近几年的经济快速增长势头起了很大作用，2003年，这一政策的实施除了应向社会保障，农村教育及基础设施倾斜以外，还应从政府投资转向民间投资。
10.这些价值观和孔子宣扬的一些思想有很多相同之处，孔子的思想强调的是中庸适度。
《翻译理论与实践(笔译)》期末复习辅导 - 萧山电大讲解
浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放专科)《英语翻译基础》期末复习一、考试题型和模拟题1. 选择题：10题，每题2分，共20分。
范围主要包括翻译标准，直译与意译问题，翻译的定义，文化与翻译的问题。
2. 问答题：1题，共10分。
范围主要包括直译与意译问题，翻译的标准，以及翻译与文化的关系等等。
3．改译句子：10题，共30分。
3. 段落翻译（英译汉）：2段，共40分。
一、选择题（在四个选项中选择一个正确答案）：1. 明朝末年的翻译家徐光启主要从事--- ---的翻译。
A. 佛教经典B. 文学作品C. 科技著作D. 哲学著作2. 《马氏文通》的作者马建忠提出了“--- ---”的翻译观点。
A. 善译B. 化境C. 神似D. 信、达、雅3. 出版后即风靡海内的《巴黎茶花女遗事》是-- ----的译作。
A．严复 B. 林纾C. 林语堂D. 梁实秋4.“意译”是指译文从意义出发，要求将原文的意义正确表达出来，不必拘泥于-- ----的形式。
A. 词句B. 词句和比喻C. 各种修辞手段D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段5. 翻译是一种（）的交际活动。
A．跨语言，跨文化，跨社会 B. 跨语言C．跨语言，跨社会 D. 跨语言，跨社会6. 翻译的理想单位是：__________。
（）A．篇章 B. 句子 C.词语 D. 单词7．下列四个语言特点中，---- --不是广告英语的特点。
A. 多祈使句B. 多后置定语C. 多新词汇D. 多常用词汇8. 鲁迅曾提出过“------- --------”的翻译观点。
A. 宁顺而不信B. 宁信而不顺C. 与其信而不顺，不如顺而不信D. 忠实、通顺、得体9．“Do you see any green in my eye?”可以翻译为：__ _____。
A. 你从我的眼睛里看到绿颜色吗？B. 你以为我是好欺骗的吗？C. 你从我的眼睛里看到嫉妒的感觉吗？D. 你以为我在嫉妒你吗？10. “Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.” 意思为( )。
英译汉理论与实践
1)Grammatical analysis:
(1) Sentence structure (2) Additional complication
(1) Sentence structure:
The selection consists of a single complex sentence, composed of a main clause and an object clause.
(5) Structural and lexical formality:
The selection is structurally formal in that the sentence the selection is composed of is grammatically complete and free from colloquial structures; it is lexically formal in that in the selection, formal words, including nominalizations, are frequently used, for example, consider, particular, relevance, developing, country, government, understand, participate, telecommunications, and others.
Exercise 2:
The meeting considered that the recommendations made by the United Nations International Symposium on Trade Efficiency in the sector of telecommunications remain a valid basis for the continuation of intergovernmental activities in the area of the telecommunications, business facilitation and trade efficiency. The experts underlined that UNCTAD should pursue its work in this area by complementing UNISTE recommendations through the consideration of a number of recent trends and events, which have been and will continue to be of critical importance for the competitiveness of enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, in the years to come.
华中师大《翻译理论与实践》期末考试备考资料全集题参考答案
华中师范大学网络学院《翻译理论与实践》练习测试题（答案及参考译文）一．在下列句中空白处填上合适的词语。
每空1分。
共10分。
1．翻译是跨（语言）、跨（文化）、跨（社会）的交际活动。
2．篇章的粘连分（语义）粘连和（结构）粘连两大类，粘连的目的是实现篇章的（连贯）。
3．社会符号学的翻译标准是（语意）相符、（功能）相似。
4．格赖斯的（合作）原则和利奇的（礼貌）原则是促使语言交际成功的语用原则。
5．社会符号学翻译法以韩礼德所述的语言的社会符号性为根据，以符号学的意义观为核心。
语言符号具备三种意义，它们是（言内）意义、（指称）意义和（语用）意义。
6．语言对比是研究语言在（使用）中产生的意义。
7．泰特勒在《翻译的原则》一书中提出了著名德三原则：A．译文应完整地再现原文的（思想内容）。
B．译文的（风格）、（笔调）应与原文的性质相同。
C．译文应像原文一样（流畅自然）。
8．汉语语法呈（隐含）性，英语语法呈（外显）性。
9．信、达、雅10．忠实通顺11．理解、表达校核12．译出语（或原文）译入语（或译文）13．口译笔译机器翻译14．意美音美形美15．直译16．合句法17．全译摘译编译18．切近自然信息19．口译笔译机器翻译20．易解丰姿21．归化22．神似23. 钱钟书先生提出：“文学翻译的最高标准是‘（化）’。
把作品从一国文字转变成另一国文字，既不能因语文习惯的差异而露出生硬牵强的痕迹，又能完全保存原有的风味，那就算得入‘（化境）’”。
24．从涉及到的语言符号来看，翻译可分为（语内）翻译、（语际）翻译、和（符际）翻译。
（答题顺序可以颠倒）25．所谓功能指语言所具有的种种社会功能。
英国翻译理论家彼得·纽马克将其分为6种：（信息）功能、（表情）功能、（祈使）功能、美感功能、酬应功能和元语言功能。
26．将He is armed to the teeth译成“他全副武装”，采用的是（意译）的方法；将其译成“他武装到了牙齿”，采用的是（直译）的方法。
《翻译理论与实践》练习答案
一．翻译部分（汉译英部分）1. Numerous scientific studies conducted since 1939 have indicated that smoking is very harmful to health. Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a large part responsible for people with deteriorating health or those who died of lung cancer.2. China’s entry into World Trade Organization (WTO. will not have a radical impact on the State enterprises despite the distressing predictions of some economists. The International Financial News said in a commentary the negative effects of entering WTO would be limited while there would be substantial benefits for the state enterprises, such as the introduction of more foreign technology.3. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900 to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.4. It is of great importance to be well-informed in the modern world. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. At the same time, failure in policy-making often results from the lack of necessary information. Therefore, we call the current era “the information will play an increasingly important part in future society. Without information we would act like the blind and could make no further step forward..5. The well-educated university students are a treasure to any country. It is a pity that the brain drain of the talented has caused some difficulties in the development of industries in many developing countries. In these countries, engineers, scientists, managers and other professionals are badly needed. They are needed to develop the industry and economy there.6. China will develop its economy further and open itself still wider to the outside world, which offers more business opportunities to overseas enterprises. Since China’s reform and opening up, Chinese enterprises have vigorously undertaken Ecotech with overseas enterprises and scored tremendous achievements. While helping Chinese enterprises develop, overseas enterprises have also benefited from it, hence mutual benefit and all-win. The Chinese Government stands ready to continue to offer facilities and necessary conditions for closer cooperation between Chinese enterprises and their overseas counterparts.7. As specialists (experts. predict, in the near future, water will become a restriction (conditioned.factor for social economic development in many parts of China. Water degradation (Intensified water pollution. and increasing demand for water supply will, without mercy, result in the approaching of water shortage disaster. Thus, fighting against pollution and protecting water sources have become the common responsibilities of mankind as a whole.8. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other. Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.9. In a market economy, the crucial factor for prosperity is fair competition. But if thecompetition spins out of control, the negative effects must not be overlooked. Tremendous amounts of resources and talent will be wasted on vicious competition. In a highly competitive environment, the needs of the market usually give way to the need for competition. Hi-tech companies invest huge amounts of money into new projects. As a result, redundant products flood the market. Those who cannot grab a share of the market will suffer great losses.10. More young people get health information from the Internet than use it to ownload music,play games, or check sports scores. A new survey shows three out of four young people who use the Internet have searched for health and medical information. In face, the only activities that more young people reported participating in were emailing, school research, and finding news and entertainment information. The survey is the first to look in depth at how young people use the Internet for health purposes finds.11. China is already the world’s third largest producer o f electronics, and becoming a player inthe global appliance market. With its huge production capacity--growing by about 20 percent a year--the Chinese are relentlessly driving down global prices. Twenty years age, U.S., European and Japanese companies started moving into China to supply the local market with household goods. Now those companies are getting whipped by Chinese competitors. “We will see the emergence of globally competitive Chinese firms,” says the Brookings Institution’s Lardy.12. Green, h uman, and technological are the three main themes of Beijing’s bid for the 2008Olympic Games. Actively responding to the call of the International Olympic Committee, Beijing wants its Olympics to be the Games known for promoting environmental protection.Along with all of its citizens, through the bidding stage and hosting of the Olympic Games, Beijing’s aim is to further speed up its environmental protection plans to enhance theenvironmental quality, perfect construction of urban infrastructure, improve residents’ standard of living and promote the sustainable development of the city.13. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.14. The phenomenon of holiday economy demonstrates that, with an improvement of livingstandards, the consumption structure has been diversified and the consumption concept greatly changed. Traditional consumer demand for basic necessities of life has given way to leisure, comfort and development. Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development, and services should be refined to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.15. Developing a scenic spot represents the orientation of building culture. An economic flourishis not bound to bring about cultural progress. First, when people seek economic benefits, they often neglect or give up fostering the building of culture. Second, when old concepts are broken up, some people will be at a loss or go astray . Therefore, it has been an important task of society to keep a balance between economic development and cultural building.16. A national survey indicates that major tourist attractions and scenic spots nationwidereceived a total of 9.86 million visitors during October 1-7, and income from admission tickets hit 267 million yuan. During the week, 1.22 million Beijingers traveled to other places, an increase of 37 percent compared to the same period last year, and the city’s tourism income totaled 2.43 billion yuan, up 52 percent. Therefore, the seven-day holiday has been called a “golden week”.17. According to the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005., the Central Government will increasetransfer payments to the western region. In the meantime, measures will be adopted to attract non-governmental and foreign capital for participation in western development and construction. Major engineering projects, such as the west-to-east power transmission, conservation and development of water resources, will provide great possibilities for rising investment demand in the coming years.18. A peaceful environment is indispensable for national, regional and even global development.Without peace or political stability, there would be no economic progress to speak of. Thishas been fully proved by both the past and the present. Peace and development are the themes of the times. People across the world should join hands in advancing the lofty cause of peace and development of mankind.19. In the past few years, important advances in computer science, artificial intelligence andmaterial science have once again raised hopes of making intelligent robots. In fact, progress toward an intelligent robot has been so convincing that many scientists are worrying publicly about the perils of robots. Whether humans are in a hopeful or precarious place, the journey here has been an intellectual challenge.20. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 50 non-government environmentalprotection organizations in the city. They exploit their advantages to the fullest with the public, guiding local people to protect the environment and build a green home and a green community, advocating garbage segregation, holding consultation meetings, giving public lectures, calling upon people to protect wild animals and organizing environmental protection summer camp activities, etc.21. It surely does harm to your lungs if other people smoke and you breathe it in. According tothe anticipation of American Lung Association, each year about 3,000 people who die from lung cancer are passive smokers. An investigation indicates that non-smoking women living in a smoking family environment for 40 years or still longer will have the double risk of developing lung cancer.22. Culture is the best medium for people of different countries to understand each other.Through culture festivals, many cities in China have raised their prestige in the world. As has been proven that, this is one of the best ways to promote the communication between Chinese people and the people from different parts of the world. This kind of communication is not only confined to culture, but extends to economy and other fields.23. Actually the last fifty years was not the golden age of invention and innovation. From 1900to 1950, human life was transformed by such invention as cars, aeroplanes, telephones, radios and television sets, not to mention nuclear weapons and the computer of course. In the recent 50 years since only a few inventions have been made, was the wellspring of invention drying up? Not likely. Indeed, a new age of invention is just beginning.24. Over the last two decades, no country in the world has expanded its foreign trade as fast asChina. Japan took more than 20 years to double its foreign trade, while China, for the same length of time, has quadrupled its foreign trade (has increased its foreign trade by three times .. Already the world' s third largest producer of electric appliances, China is nowplaying a major role in the global market of the electric wares. China has also become a major producer of labor-intensive manufactured goods in the world.25. In order to hold the 2008 Olympic Games successfully, Beijing plans to invest 23 billion USdollars in the construction of basic facilities, It is reported that some foreign companies have noticed these business opportunities. Some American companies plan to provide products and service in the areas of telecommunication and information technology. Some British companies are also seeking business opportunities from Beijing Olympic Games.They are trying find the areas where U. K has advantages, such as the architectural technology which will not pollute the environment.26. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Chinese art, architecture and philosophy had been quiteappreciated in the west. In addition, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain had been warmlywelcomed, and had altered, to some extent, the lifestyle of many westerners. In the last part of the 20th century, the westerners focused their attention on Chinese culture again. Besides enjoying Chinese food, they learned Chinese, tried out Chinese medicine and herbs,watched gofu films.（英译汉部分）英译汉讲义答案Section One Sentence Translation1. 如何运用新的管理方式和观念来改造一个服务性企业，英航在这方面的确提供了一个范例。
《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷与答案
《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷与答案Ⅰ. Directions: Translate the following passage into English, using the words and phrases given below.（1小题*40=40）史蒂芬·霍金博士是世界上最著名的理论物理学家之一。
乍一看，他是一个坐在电动轮椅上个子矮小的人。
他在攻读博士学位时得了一种无法治愈(incurable) ALS病。
虽然这种病没有日渐恶化，但有一段时间霍金无法面对他失去正常行动和讲话的能力这一事实。
直到他与一个叫简的女孩订婚后才又振作起来。
现在，霍金博士保持每天工作8小时以上，并取得了令全球瞩目的成就。
II.Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese.（2小题*30=60）1.The Yellow River ranks the third longest in Asia and the sixth longest in the world. The word “yellow” describes the muddy water of the river. The Yellow River，one of several rivers for China to live on，originates from Qinghai，flows through nine provinces, and finally pours into the Bohai Sea. The river basin is not only the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization，but also the most prosperous region in the early history of China. However,due to the frequent devastating floods, it has caused many disasters. In the past few decades,the government has taken various measures to prevent disasters.2.With China’s reform and opening up, many young people tend to hold Western-style weddings these days. The bride wears a white wedding dress at the wedding, because white is considered as a symbol of purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often used in funerals, so be sure to remember that white flowers must not be used as a gift to the patient, especially not to the seniors or patients in critical conditions. Similarly, the cash gift cannot be packed in a white envelope, but in a red envelope.翻译理论与实践参考答案1.Dr. Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous theoretical physicists in the world. At firstsight he is a small figure in an electric wheelchair. When he worked for PHD, he had incurable ALS. Though the disease didn’t worsen day by day, but for some time Hawking couldn’t face up to the fact that he lost his abilities to move and speak normally. He didn’t pull himself together until he was engaged to a girl, Jane. Now, Prof. Hawking keeps up working more than 8 hours a day and has made great achievements which draw global attention to.2.黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。
翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案
浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放本科)《翻译理论与实践》期末复习题型：一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）二、翻译句子。
（每小题3分，共30分）三、篇章翻译（每小题40分，共40分）四、案例分析题（每小题10分，共10分）一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1.美国语言学家罗曼.雅各布森把翻译分成__________。
A. 语内翻译B. 语际翻译C. 符际翻译D. 以上选项都正确2. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_________。
A. dry goods：纺织品B．white goods：白色的货物C．white wine：白葡萄酒D．toilet water：花露水3.“This is a specia l offer and is not subjec t to our usual discou nts”请问下面哪个译文最合适？________。
A. 这是特殊报盘，不以我方通常折扣为条件。
B. 这是特惠报盘，我方通常折扣不适应于此盘。
C. 此系特惠报盘，不另加我方通常折扣。
D. 这是特殊报盘，不局限于我们通常折扣。
4．下面哪句话的描述是错误的？________。
A．美国著名翻译理论家奈达提出了“动态对等”原则。
B．“动态对等”原则是指，运用交际理论和信息论的原理，将焦点从传统的译文与原文两个文本的比较转移到两个过程的比较，使人们注意到影响信息接收的各种语言和文化因素。
C．奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成了“功能对等”原则。
D．翻译求的是“形式对等”，而非”动态对等”。
5． _________提出了“美化之艺术，创优似竞赛”的翻译理念。
A．尤金.奈达B．泰特勒C．许渊冲D．鲁迅6. 下面哪个配对是错误的？_____。
A．赤脚医生：barefo ot doctor B．纸老虎：paper tigerC．to show one’s cards：摊牌D．大海捞针：look for a needle in seaD B C D C D7.哪句话的描述是正确的？______。
翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案
浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放本科)《翻译理论与实践》期末复习题型：一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）二、翻译句子。
（每小题3分，共30分）三、篇章翻译（每小题40分，共40分）四、案例分析题（每小题10分，共10分）一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1.美国语言学家罗曼.雅各布森把翻译分成__________。
A. 语内翻译B. 语际翻译C. 符际翻译D. 以上选项都正确2. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_________。
A. dry goods：纺织品B．white goods：白色的货物C．white wine：白葡萄酒D．toilet water：花露水3.“This is a specia l offer and is not subjec t to our usual discou nts”请问下面哪个译文最合适？________。
A. 这是特殊报盘，不以我方通常折扣为条件。
B. 这是特惠报盘，我方通常折扣不适应于此盘。
C. 此系特惠报盘，不另加我方通常折扣。
D. 这是特殊报盘，不局限于我们通常折扣。
4．下面哪句话的描述是错误的？________。
A．美国著名翻译理论家奈达提出了“动态对等”原则。
B．“动态对等”原则是指，运用交际理论和信息论的原理，将焦点从传统的译文与原文两个文本的比较转移到两个过程的比较，使人们注意到影响信息接收的各种语言和文化因素。
C．奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成了“功能对等”原则。
D．翻译求的是“形式对等”，而非”动态对等”。
5． _________提出了“美化之艺术，创优似竞赛”的翻译理念。
A．尤金.奈达B．泰特勒C．许渊冲D．鲁迅6. 下面哪个配对是错误的？_____。
A．赤脚医生：barefo ot doctor B．纸老虎：paper tigerC．to show one’s cards：摊牌D．大海捞针：look for a needle in seaD B C D C D7.哪句话的描述是正确的？______。
翻译理论期末试题及答案
翻译理论期末试题及答案第一部分：选择题1. 下列选项中，最能体现翻译是一种“创造性再创造”的过程的是：A) 直译法B) 意译法C) 异化法D) 依附法答案：C) 异化法2. 在西方翻译理论中，比较著名的“对等对仗”理论出自于：A) 费尔南多·佩索阿B) 罗纳德·斯屈亚尔C) 乔治·斯彭塞D) 张爱玲答案：B) 罗纳德·斯屈亚尔3. 以下哪个理论倾向于强调“文化转译”：A) 功能对等理论B) 语际综合理论C) 文化学派D) 相关性理论答案：C) 文化学派4. “文化导向翻译”理论的代表人物是：A) 乔治·斯彭塞B) 罗纳德·斯屈亚尔C) 费尔南多·佩索阿D) 张爱玲答案：A) 乔治·斯彭塞5. 下列哪个理论主张翻译是一种“跨文化交际”的过程：A) 语际综合理论B) 相关性理论C) 合作原则理论D) 功能对等理论答案：A) 语际综合理论第二部分：问答题1. 请解释什么是直译法和意译法，并举例说明其适用情况。
答案：直译法是指将原文中的词语、句子直接翻译成目标语言，尽可能保留原文的结构和原意。
例如，将英文句子“My name is John.”直译为“我的名字是约翰。
”就是直译法的应用。
直译法适用于两种情况：一是当原文中存在特定文化背景、质感或情感色彩时，需要传达原文的原汁原味；二是当目标语言中没有与原文词语对等的表达方式时，需要直接翻译。
意译法是指在翻译过程中，根据目标语言的特点和读者的阅读习惯，对原文进行调整和加工，以实现更好的交流效果。
例如，将英文句子“Time flies.”意译为中文的“光阴似箭。
”就是意译法的应用。
意译法适用于以下情况：一是当原文中存在隐喻、比喻等修辞手法时，需要将其传达给目标语言读者；二是当原文中存在与目标语言文化、习语不一致的内容时，需要进行调整。
2. 请解释“对等对仗”理论和“相对性理论”在翻译中的应用。
翻译理论期末考试题及答案
翻译理论期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译理论中，"忠实度"是指翻译作品与原文的一致性，它包括以下哪几个方面？A. 文字的一致性B. 思想内容的一致性C. 文化背景的一致性D. 所有选项2. 下列哪个翻译理论家提出了"功能主义翻译理论"？A. 奈达B. 诺德C. 贝克D. 施莱尔马赫3. 翻译中的"动态等效"理论是由哪位学者提出的？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗朗茨·科恩D. 约翰·卡特福德4. 翻译中"目的论"的核心观点是什么？A. 翻译应忠实于原文B. 翻译应考虑目标语言文化C. 翻译应满足目标语言读者的需求D. 翻译应保持原文风格5. 翻译中的"文化适应性"是指：A. 翻译时保留原文中的文化元素B. 翻译时消除原文中的文化元素C. 翻译时适应目标语言文化D. 翻译时创造新的文化元素6. 翻译中的"交际翻译"理论由哪位学者提出？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗朗茨·科恩D. 约翰·卡特福德7. 翻译中的"交际功能"是指：A. 翻译作品的文学价值B. 翻译作品的信息传递C. 翻译作品的娱乐功能D. 翻译作品的教育功能8. 翻译中的"语义等效"与"交际等效"的区别在于：A. 前者侧重于词汇层面，后者侧重于交际层面B. 前者侧重于语法层面，后者侧重于交际层面C. 前者侧重于结构层面，后者侧重于交际层面D. 前者侧重于形式层面，后者侧重于内容层面9. 翻译中的"文化适应性"与"文化忠诚度"之间的关系是：A. 完全对立B. 相互独立C. 相互依赖D. 相互补充10. 下列哪项不是翻译中的"交际翻译"理论的特点？A. 强调翻译的交际功能B. 强调原文的忠实度C. 强调目标语言读者的需求D. 强调翻译策略的灵活性二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 简述尤金·奈达的"动态等效"理论的主要内容。
应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题含答案
应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题含答案翻译是一种沟通的手段，早在古代的双语文化时代，翻译就已经是不可或缺的工作。
现在随着全球化的加速和国际交流的不断增多，翻译的地位变得越来越重要。
由于语言是人类沟通的重要工具，通过翻译可以让不同语言和文化背景的人交流，促进文化交流和经济发展。
而应用翻译理论与实践课后练习题则是帮助人们更好地进行翻译的工具。
下面是这个课后练习题的答案。
一、翻译常见问题1. 翻译的困难之处•语言障碍•文化背景不同•翻译难度高•工作量大2. 翻译常见误区•直译•意译不当•文化概念不同•翻译结果不准确3. 翻译的技巧•理解原文•使用术语词汇•意会句意•掌握翻译技巧二、翻译实操练习1. 阅读原文As the world is becoming more mobile and diverse, organizations and institutions are in greater need of interpreting services. In fact, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 29% increase in employmentfor interpreters and translators from 2014 to 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations.2. 翻译成中文由于世界变得更加移动和多元化，组织机构和学术机构更需要口译服务。
事实上，美国劳工统计局预测，从2014年到2024年，口译和笔译员的就业人数将增长29％，远高于所有职业的平均增长率。
3. 翻译成英文With the world becoming more mobile and diverse, organizations and institutions are in greater need of interpreting services. In fact, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts a 29% increase in employmentfor interpreters and translators from 2014 to 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations.三、翻译技巧练习1. 判断译文是否准确原文：We will meet at 2:30 in the afternoon.译文：我们将在下午2点半见面。
《翻译理论与实践(笔译)》复习辅导.
《翻译理论与实践(笔译》复习辅导一、考试题型和模拟题1. 选择题:10题,每题 2分,共 20分。
范围主要包括翻译标准,直译与意译问题,翻译的定义,文化与翻译的问题。
2. 问答题:2题,每题 15分,共 30分。
范围主要包括直译与意译问题, 翻译的标准,比如玄奘对翻译事业的贡献等等。
3. 段落翻译(英译汉 :1段,共 50分。
这部分在课外。
选择题(在四个选项中选择一个正确答案 :1. 明朝末年的翻译家徐光启主要从事 ---C---的翻译。
A. 佛教经典B. 文学作品C. 科技著作D. 哲学著作2. 《马氏文通》的作者马建忠提出了“ ---A---”的翻译观点。
A. 善译B. 化境C. 神似D. 信、达、雅3. 出版后即风靡海内的《巴黎茶花女遗事》是 --B----的译作。
A .严复 B. 林纾C. 林语堂D. 梁实秋4. “意译”是指译文从意义出发,要求将原文的意义正确表达出来,不必拘泥于 --D----的形式。
A. 词句B. 词句和比喻C. 各种修辞手段D. 词、句、以及各种修辞手段5. 翻译是一种(A 的交际活动。
A . 跨语言,跨文化,跨社会 B. 跨语言C . 跨语言,跨社会 D. 跨语言,跨社会6. 翻译的理想单位是:__________。
(A . 篇章 B. 句子 C. 词语 D. 单词7. 下列四个语言特点中, ----B--不是广告英语的特点。
A. 多祈使句B. 多后置定语C. 多新词汇D. 多常用词汇8. 鲁迅曾提出过“ -------B--------”的翻译观点。
A. 宁顺而不信B. 宁信而不顺C. 与其信而不顺,不如顺而不信D. 忠实、通顺、得体9. 在下列四组特点中, ---D---组符合英语语言的实际情况。
A. 重意合,多主动结构,多动态词,多重复,多生物词作主语B. 重形合,多主动结构,多动态词,多替代,多物称词作主语C. 重意合,多被动结构,多静态词,多重复,多生物词作主语D. 重形合,多被动结构,多静态词,多替代,多物称词作主语10. 下列四种语言特点, ----B----不符合英语语言的实际情况。
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浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放本科)《翻译理论与实践》期末复习题型：一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）二、翻译句子。
（每小题3分，共30分）三、篇章翻译（每小题40分，共40分）四、案例分析题（每小题10分，共10分）一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1.美国语言学家罗曼.雅各布森把翻译分成__________。
A. 语内翻译B. 语际翻译C. 符际翻译D. 以上选项都正确2. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_________。
A. dry goods：纺织品B．white goods：白色的货物C．white wine：白葡萄酒D．toilet water：花露水3. “This is a special offer and is not subject to our usual discounts” 请问下面哪个译文最合适？________。
A. 这是特殊报盘，不以我方通常折扣为条件。
B. 这是特惠报盘，我方通常折扣不适应于此盘。
C. 此系特惠报盘，不另加我方通常折扣。
D. 这是特殊报盘，不局限于我们通常折扣。
4．下面哪句话的描述是错误的？________。
A．美国著名翻译理论家奈达提出了“动态对等”原则。
B．“动态对等”原则是指，运用交际理论和信息论的原理，将焦点从传统的译文与原文两个文本的比较转移到两个过程的比较，使人们注意到影响信息接收的各种语言和文化因素。
C．奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成了“功能对等”原则。
D．翻译求的是“形式对等”，而非”动态对等”。
5．_________提出了“美化之艺术，创优似竞赛”的翻译理念。
A．尤金.奈达B．泰特勒C．许渊冲D．鲁迅6. 下面哪个配对是错误的？_____。
A．赤脚医生：barefoot doctor B．纸老虎：paper tigerC．to show one’s cards：摊牌D．大海捞针：look for a needle in seaD B C D C D7.哪句话的描述是正确的？______。
A. 严复提出的翻译是：重神似不重形似B. 傅雷的翻译标准是：信、达、雅C. 许渊冲的翻译标准是：美化之艺术，创优似竞赛D. 泰特勒的翻译标准是：通顺8. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_________。
A. dry State：实行禁酒的州B．white goods：白色的货物C．dry white wine：涩白酒D．toilet water：花露水9. 泰特勒(Tytler)提出的著名翻译原则是：_______。
A. 译文应完整地再现原文的思想内容。
B. 译文的风格、笔调应与原文的性质相同。
C. 译文应像原文一样流畅自然。
D. 以上选项都正确。
10．下面哪个选项是正确的？________。
A．bring down the house 翻译为：“推倒房子”B．pull up one's socks 翻译为：鼓起勇气C．think a great deal of oneself 翻译为：“为自己想得很多”D．an apple of love 翻译为：“爱情之果”11．A book, tight shut, is but a block of paper.下面哪个译文是最合适的？_____。
A．一本书，紧紧合上，只是一叠纸。
B．一本书，如果紧紧合上不读，只是一叠纸。
C．一本书，如果紧紧合上不读，只是一叠废纸。
D．闲置之书只是一叠废纸。
12. 下面哪个译文是错误的？_____。
A．This is the last place where I expected to meet you. 译文：我最后在这里见到你。
B．We are sorry about the delay in sending you the revised specifications. 译文：迟迟未告你方修正规格，甚歉。
C．We regret to learn that you have failed in obtaining the licence. 译文：得知你方未能获得许可证，深表遗憾。
D．Owing to the absence of any news from you, we have sold the goods elsewhere. 译文：由于没有得到你方任何休息，我们已将该货另售别处。
C BD B D A13. 关于英汉语篇差异，下面哪个选项是错误的？______。
A. 英汉语分别呈现螺旋式与直线形的特征，这从根本上讲是中西方各自重综合与重分析的思维习惯的体现。
B. 在语言构思方式和语言组织方式上，英语呈现形合特征。
C. 英汉语篇的差异还体现在两种语言在思维还存在客体意识和主体意识的差别。
D. 英汉语篇的基本差异有内在的思维和外在的衔接与连贯两个方面，内外相合影响，又相互独立。
14. 傅雷的翻译标准是：______。
A. 重形似而不重神似B．美化之艺术，创优似竞赛C. 重神似不重形似D．动态对等15. 下面哪个选项是错误的？________。
A. 这衣服将很快晒干。
译文：The clothes will soon dry out in the sun.B. 夏收以后，有些农民在公路上晒粮食。
译文：After the summer harvest, some farmers spread their grains on the highway and have them dried out in the sun.C. 你把客人晒在一边是不礼貌的。
译文：It is impolite for you to ignore your guests.D. 我的皮肤晒得比你黑。
译文：My skin has become blacker than yours.16．“Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch. 译文：“来啦！”她转身蹦着跳着地跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。
请问这个译文是用了什么翻译技巧？A．反面着笔B．增词法C．减词法D．词类转换17．“Joan can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.”可以翻译成：_____。
A. 约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。
B. 约翰为人可靠，他一向不吃鱼，而且经常玩游戏。
C. 约翰被人依靠，他不吃鱼，玩游戏。
D. 约翰依靠别人，他很忠诚，不喜欢玩游戏。
18. 下面哪个配对是错误的？_____。
A．He got all the credit for the discovery. 译文：他由于这项发现而获得各种荣誉。
B．The availability of cheap long-term credit would help small businesses. 译文：低息长期贷款可以扶持小型企业。
C．How much do I have to my credit? 译文：我们的荣誉有多少呢？D．They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China, London. 译文：他们已从伦敦中国银行开立了有关的信用证。
A C D D A C19. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_____。
A. 上车后请刷卡。
译文：Please brush your card when you get on the bus.B. 她刷掉她上衣的灰尘。
译文：She brushed the dust off her coat.C. 他往蛋糕上刷黄油。
译文：He brushed the cakes with butter.D. 我把桌子刷成白色。
译文：I washed the table with white.20. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_______。
A. 价美物廉。
译文：fine and cheapB. 我们已按很低的价格向你们报盘。
译文：We have made you an offer at a very competitive price.C. 请报体温表最低价。
译文：Please make us your lowest quotation for Clinical Thermometer.D. 对我们的业务建议如有兴趣，请寄样品，并告最惠条款。
译文：If you feel interest in our business proposal, please send us the samples together with your best terms and conditions.21. All the multilateral arrangements need to be examined for clauses that restrict the free trade.译文：对于所有各种多边安排都必须加以审查，以便研讨其中有无限制自由贸易的条款。
请问译文用了什么翻译技巧？______。
A. 省略法B. 增词法。