雅思写作之怎样写好小作文主体段之动态图

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第三讲 怎样写好主体段之动态图

3 主体段：写 1+X 句，第一句总概括本段，X

句按顺序介绍数据

1. 第一句：概括总体变化趋势或概括图由哪几部分组成。

1) 如果图形里存在时间推移（不同年代/月份/时间段）——动态图形，概括总体变化趋势：line graph, bar chart 。描写上升，下降，波动还是平稳趋势；或者概况哪一类数据整体上高于其他的各类数据。

（2）如果图形里不存在时间推移——静态图形，没有变化趋势，概括该图形展示了哪几类数据，或概况哪一类数据整体上高于其他的各类数据。I.e. the first table shows that coffee sales increased in all five countries.

动态图常见的表达

1) 趋势词汇

上升动词类：increase, rise, grow, jump, surge, shoot up, soar

下降动词类：decrease, decline, fall down, drop, sink, dip

波动动词类：fluctuate

持平动词类：remain the same, stabilize, remain stable, remain constant

知识梳理

修饰动词的副词：slightly 轻微地，slowly 缓慢地，gradually 逐渐地，steadily 稳定地，rapidly 迅速地，moderately 温和地，轻微地，significantly 明显地，sharply 明显地，dramatically 急剧地，drastically 急剧地

上升名词类：increase, rise, growth, jump, surge

下降名词类：decrease, decline, fall, reduction, drop

波动名词类：fluctuation

修饰名词的形容词：slight, slow, gradual, steady, rapid, moderate, significant, sharp, dramatic, drastic

2) 极值类词汇和表达

最高点：reach the peak/top/highest point

Increase to the peak/top/highest point(所有上升类的动词都可以替换掉increase)

最低点：reach the bottom/lowest point

drop to the bottom/lowest point(所有下降类的动词都可以替换掉drop)

占了：occupy/make up/take up/account for/represent/constitute

3) 倍数的表达方式

Double 是两倍/大一倍

Increase/decrease three times 增长/减少了三倍

4) 大约的表达方式

Approximately/About/around+数字

常用的小作文的趋势句式表达

1) 变化主体/图画中主体+趋势动词+副词+数值+时间区间

The number of aged people over 65 increased significantly from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2 million in 2000.

2) There be+形容词+表示趋势的名词+in+变化的主体+时间区间

There was a significant increase in the number of aged people over 65 from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.

3) 时间+see/experience/witness+ 表示趋势的名词+in+ 变化的主体+ 数值

The period from 1940 to 2000 saw an upward trend in the number of aged people over 65 from 1 million to 1.2 million.

4) 表示趋势的名词+be+seen/experienced/witnessed+in+变化的主体+时间

An upward trend was seen in the number of aged people over 65 from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.

3.1.1 线图

单线：纵向变化+纵向比较

1.体现变化的点：峰值、谷值、转折点、交点、起点、终点

2.描述变化的词汇（动词、名词）

多线：

a.纵向变化+纵向比较（辅）+横向比较（主）；各图间的联系

b.若能相互联系则对比、归纳起来写

c.如果联系不大，则分开写，结束段将其联系起来。

d.要点及写作顺序：

i.从总到分

ii.从最受欢迎到不受欢迎

iii.从上升/上涨到下降

iv.从最大值到最小值

v.从最主要特征到不重要特征

单线图：

The number of marriage in Scotland fell sharply from 9,000 in 1960 to 3,000 in 1970, and continued to decline at a slow rate until around 2,000 in 1985. From 1985 there was a gradual increase in the number of marriages which then leveled off at 3,500 in 1994.

双线图：

The graph below shows radio and television audiences throughout the day in 1992.

Radio and television audiences in

the UK, October-December 1992

The line graph describes the percentage of radio listeners and television viewer over four years in the U.K. throughout the day from Oct. to Dec. in1992.

The figure reveals that before 1:00 p.m. there were more radio audiences, while after 1:00 p.m. more people turned to television.

The data indicated that radio listeners increased substantially before 8:00 am, when the percentage reached to a peak of 27%. Then, it declined steadily in the following 20 hours, bottoming out at 2% at 4:00 a.m. of the next day. The period from 4:00 am to 6:00 am saw another slight rise to 4% in radio listeners.

As for TV viewers, the period from 6:00 a.m.to 8:30 a.m. saw a sharp increase, when there was a leveling off at 8% until 10:00 am.. From then on, it generally maintained a sharply upward trend until the peak(45%) was reached at 8:00 p.m., in spite of some small fluctuation. However, there was a slump thereafter in the percentage. The percentage reached the bottom of 3% at 3:00 a.m, when there was a slight rise afterwards.