温州大学英美文学2017—2018年考研真题
温州大学中外美术史2015--2018,2020年考研专业课真题
2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）一、填空题（每小题2 分，共20分。
）1、我国先秦时代的青铜器取得了辉煌的成就，现藏中国国家历史博物馆的青铜器《》是殷商时期的代表作，是世界迄今出土最重的青铜器。
2、刘宋时画家陆探微创造了“ 秀骨清象”的清秀绘画形象，而＿＿＿＿＿＿则因其创造的佛教形象独具风格，被称为“ 张家祥”。
3、元代山水四大家是指黄公望、＿＿＿＿＿＿、倪瓒、王蒙。
4、北宋画家郭熙的山水画主张，经其子整理成《＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿》，书中提出了“三远”法。
5、清初“四王”指的是王时敏、＿＿＿＿＿＿、王翚、王原祁。
6、古埃及吉萨金字塔群中最大的金字塔是＿＿＿＿＿＿。
7、圣索菲亚教堂是中世纪＿＿＿＿＿＿艺术的代表性建筑，这一艺术还以镶嵌画著称。
8、标志文艺复兴盛期来临的三位大师分别是：达·芬奇、米开朗基罗、＿＿＿＿＿＿。
9、《乌尔宾诺的维纳斯》一画出自意大利文艺复兴时期威尼斯画派的＿＿＿＿＿＿之手。
10、《杜普教授的解剖课》是荷兰画家＿＿＿＿＿＿的代表作。
二、名词解释(每小题5分，共25分)1、《人面鱼纹盆》：2、赵孟頫：3、《兰亭序》：4、掷铁饼者：5、卡拉瓦乔：三、简答题(每小题15分，共45分)1、简要介绍野兽主义这个现代艺术流派。
2、试分析顾恺之绘画理论与实践。
3、有人说马塞尔·杜尚是观念艺术的鼻祖，你怎么看？四、论述与写作（60分）以罗中立的《父亲》为副标题写一篇不少于600字的鉴赏小短文。
第 1 页，共 1 页2015年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A)（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）一、填空题（每空格1分，共20 分。
）1、享誉世界的中国四大佛教石窟是： ____________、____________、____________、____________。
2、中国画安题材可以分为人物画、花鸟画、____________。
温州大学文学理论2004--2018,2020年考研专业课真题
2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题
科目代码及名称: 815文学理论适用专业：050101文艺学、050102
中国古代文学、050103中国现当代文学、050107比较文学与世界文学、0501Z1文化创意
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
一、专业概念解释（50分）
1. 悲剧（10分）
2. 期待视野（10分）
3. 游戏说（10分）
4. 无意识（10分）
5. 文如其人（10分）
二、材料分析题（50分）
阅读下列材料，然后回答所列问题。
法国批评家帕斯卡尔·卡萨瓦诺在她的名著《文学世界共和国》中谈到：远离强势文化中心的作家并不必然是外在于“世界文学”的，文学有其自然的评判、接受和传播逻辑，正是这种文学逻辑可以让文学拥有不同于政治标记的领土和疆界。
有一个非常值得思考的例子，鲁迅在《阿Q正传》等作品中对“精神胜利法”的描述曾经在很长一段时间被我们认为是汉民族国民劣根性一面的集中凸显，但后来在日本和韩国学者的相关讨论中，他们认为在他们民族内部同样有相当普遍的“精神胜利法”的民众心理基础，因此有学者提出将“精神胜利法”理解为一种儒学文化圈影响下的“东亚国民性”。
然而，又有很多学者发现，在《堂吉诃德》等不少西方名著里，也能找到这种“精神胜利法”。
这个例子至少说明，鲁迅的创作从社会的实际和民族的具体性出发，但以其深广的忧患和境界的超拔，而达至了“世界文学”的高度，属于世界文学的一部分。
此外，鲁迅在《孤独者》等作品中对于孤独情境和心灵异化的探讨，也具备一种存在主义的深度，这是学界早已有的共识。
温州大学英语语言学考研真题2012、2015—2018年
2012年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题科目代码及名称: 817 英语语言学A卷适用专业：英语语言文学I. Explain the following terms. (25%)1. endocentric construction;2. denotation;3. psycholinguistics;4. Sapir-Whorf hypothesis;5. minimal piars II. Decide whether each of the given statements is TRUE or FALSE. If it is true, write down A on your ANSWER SHEET; if it is false, write down B on it. (20%)1. Acoustic phonetics is the study of the perception of sounds by the human ear.2. Morphemes such as –ing, -ed, -able, are known as inflectional morphemes.3. The affixes in the English language are traditionally called bound morphemes.4. In separating langue from parole we are at the same time separating (1) what is social from what isindividual; and (2) what is essential from what is accessory.5. By Saussure, arbitrariness refers to the fact that the forms of linguistic signs bear no natural relationship totheir meaning.6. Suprasegmentals mainly include syllables, tone, intonation, distinctive features.7. In English, we can have the syllable structure of CCCVCCCC.8. By Leonard Bloomfield (1933), word should be treated as “the minimum free form”.9. The different shapes or phonetic forms of a morpheme are allomorphs of this morpheme, e.g. the differentforms of the plural morpheme in English are /s/, /z/, /iz/, and so on.10. ad, bike, math, etc. are instances of backformation.11. Noam Chomsky is hailed as the father of modern linguistics.12. Systemic-Functional grammar consists of the two inseparable components --- Systemic Grammar andFunctional Grammar.13. The TEXTUAL FUNCTION refers to the fact that language has mechanisms to make any stretch ofspoken or written discourse into a coherent and unified text and make a living passage different from a random list of sentences.14. Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some morphological resemblance.15. The first stage of TG grammar is the Standard Theory, and the fifth stage of it is the Minimalist Program.16. Sense refers to the concrete entities with some properties, while reference refers to the abstract propertiesof an entity.17. Propositional Logic treats a simple proposition as an unanalyzed whole, while Predicate Logic studies theinternal structure of simple propositions.18. Children’s first words are different in different language environments.19. Among the three levels of categories, the subordinate level categories are most culturally salient and arerequired to fulfill our cognitive needs the best.20.Nouns, verbs, adjectives and many adverbs are closed-class words.III. Give brief answers to the following questions (30%)1. Do you think there are true synonyms in English? Why?2. Why do we need to teach culture in our language classroom?3. What is the relation between arbitrariness and conventionality?IV. Do the analysis as required (25%)1. Disambiguate the following sentences, using the tree diagrams. (15%)(1) John left the book on the shelf.(2) The professor’s appointment was shocking.(3) Beautiful villages and cities can be seen.2. Make the componential analysis of the following words. (10%)(1) chopsticks; (2) teacher; (3) son; (4) take; (5) giveV. Write an essay in about 500 words after reading the following quote (50%)The word TEXT is used in linguistics to refer to any passage, spoken or written, of whatever length, that does form a unified whole. We know, as a general rule, whether any specimen of our own language constitutes a TEXT or not. This does not mean there can never be any uncertainty. The distinction between a text and a collection of unrelated sentences is in the last resort a matter of degree, and there may always be instances about which we are uncertain – a point that is probably familiar to most teachers from reading their students’ compositions. But this does not invalidate the general observation that we are sensitive to the distinction between what is text and what is not. (Halliday and Hasan 1976: 1)第 1 页，共 2 页2015年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题（A卷）科目代码及名称: 820 英语语言学适用专业：英语语言文学01、03方向考生（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）I. Discriminate the following pairs of terms. (25 points)1. psycholinguistics vs. cognitive linguistics;2. error vs. mistake ;3. competence vs. communicative competence ;4. synchronic vs. diachronic ;5. phonetics vs. phonology.II. Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. If it is true, write A on the answer sheet; if it is false, write B on it. (20 points)1. The study of language in use is called pragmatics.2. Chomsky has been called father of modern linguistics.3. The idea that the meaning of a sentence depends on the meanings of the constituent words and the way they are combined is usually known as the principle of compositionality.4. There are three main subtypes of antonymy: gradable antonymy, converse antonymy, and relational antonymy.5. We can divide a syllable into two parts, the RHYME (or RIME) and the ONSET. The vowel within the rhyme is the NUCLEUS, with the consonant(s) after it termed the CODA.6. The study of how words are combined to form sentences is called syntax.7. The sound [s] is shared by “maps” and “keeps” as a common morpheme.8. When we use a simple set of symbols in our transcription, it is called a NARROW TRANSCRIPTION.9. The change of the negative prefix “in-” to “im-” when preceding /p/ is through a process called assimilation.10. The lower terms for a superordinate are class members.11. Garden path sentences are sentences that are initially interpreted with a different structure than they actually have.12. A stem is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which a derivational affix can be added.13. The word “interpersonal” consists of three morphemes.14. Nouns, adverbs, and adjectives belong to function words.15. Polymorphemic words which consist wholly of free morphemes are called compounds.第 1 页，共 2 页16. Langue is defined by Saussure as the concrete utterances of a speaker.17. Positional relation, or word order, refers to the sequential arrangement of words in a language.18. All the words in a language can be used to refer to, but only some have senses.19. Sense is regarded as a kind of intralinguistic relationship.20. The word “baby-sit” is an exocentric compound.III. Answer the following questions. (30 points)1. How do you comment on Paul Herbert Grice’s CP(COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE)?2. How do you interpret REGISTER?IV. Analysis. (25 points)1. Write down the phonetic symbol according to each of the following descriptions, andthen give an English word that contains this sound. (10 points)Phonetic description phonetic symbol English word(1) bilabial nasal [ ](2) voiced postalveolar affricate [ ](3) voiceless velar stop [ ](4) mid central unrounded lax vowel [ ](5) back high rounded tense vowel [ ]2. Disambiguate the given two constructions below using IC (immediate constituent) analysis. Tree diagrams are required. (10 points)(1) John loves old towns and villages.(2) The children watched the firework from the hill.3. Write out the semantic components of each word. (5 points)(1) raise; (2) wifeV. Write a short essay in about 500 words on either of the two topics below.(50 points)1. In Chinese, expressions for moving from one city to another by way of yet another city must take the form ‘from X pass-through Y to Z’, and cannot be expressed as ‘from X to Z pass-through Y’. How would you characterize the form-meaning relationship exhibited by these Chinese expressions?2. Is it necessary to distinguish between semantics and pragmatics? Please argue for your view.第 2 页，共 2 页2016年硕士研究生招生考试试题（A卷）科目代码及名称: 820 英语语言学适用专业：英语语言文学01、03方向考生（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）I. Define the following terms. (50 points)1. I-narrator;2. locutionary act;3. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis;4. reference;5. relational opposites;6. exocentric construction;7. back-formation;8. blending;9. phonology; 10. competenceII. Answer the two given questions. (30 points)1. Do you agree with the view that no language is especially simple?2. How does language relate to culture?III. Analyses. (20 points)1. Write out the different meanings of the following two ambiguous constructions. (10 points)(1) The chicken is too hot to eat.(2) Visiting relatives can be boring.2. Do the componential analysis on the lexical meanings of the given words below. (10 points)(1) raise; (2) wifeIV. Write a short essay in about 500 words on either of the two topics below.(50 points)1. In cognitive linguistics, metaphor is not a figure of speech merely, it is conceptual. In what sense is metaphor said to be conceptual?2. Give a comment on Noam Chomsky’s Innateness Hypothesis.第 1 页，共 1 页2017年硕士研究生招生考试试题 (A卷)科目代码及名称: 820 英语语言学适用专业：英语语言文学01、03方向考生I. Define the following terms. (30 points)1. exocentric;2. phonology;3. root;4. converse antonymy;5. Nida’s classification of culture;6. constativeII. Analyses. (30 points)1. Use tree diagrams in IC analysis to clarify the given constructions. (15 points)(1) beautiful cities and villages(2) Chinese geography teachers(3) The boy was crying.2. Describe the following sound segments. (15 points)(1) /d/; (2) /n/; (3) /θ/; (4) /ʌ/; (5) /æ/; (6) /ә:/III. Answer the given questions below. (40 points)1. What are some important contributions that sociolinguistics has made to linguistic studies? (10 points)2. Do you think there are true synonyms in English? Why (not)? (10 points)3. In what way do we say Chinese is a tone language? (10 points)4. What is the distinction between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes? (10 points) IV. Write a short essay in about 500 words on the given topic. (50 points) What is your understanding of the relationship between language and literature?第1 页，共1 页2018年硕士研究生招生考试试题科目代码及名称: 820 英语语言学适用专业：英语语言文学01、03方向考生（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）I. Define the following terms. (30 points)(1) allophone; (2) free morpheme; (3) design features;(4) complementary antonymy; (5) endocentric construction; (6) referenceII. Analyses. (30 points)1. Use tree diagrams in IC analysis to clarify the given constructions. (10 points)(1) Leave the book on the shelf.(2) Mary became very ill.2. Describe the following sound segments. (10 points)(1) /t/; (2) /m/; (3)/s/; (4) /i:/; (5) /u/;3. Write out the semantic components of each word. (10 points)(1) gentleman; (2) killIII. Answer the given questions below. (40 points)1. How do you understand the distinction between performance and competence? (10 points)2. What would language be like if it had not the property of duality? (10 points)3. How can a linguist make his analysis scientific? (10 points)4. Why should language teachers learn some knowledge of linguistics? (10 points)IV. Write a short essay in about 500 words on the given topic. (50 points) What is pragmatic failure? Support your statement with some instances of pragmatic failure in the English used by Chinese learners of English.第 1 页，共 1 页。
温州大学考研历年真题之外国文学史2012--2015年考研真题
现在死的念头不再那么可怕和那么鲜明了，死似乎也并非不可避免的了。她现在责备自己竟然落到这么低声下气的地步。“我恳求他饶恕我。我向他屈服了。我认了错。为什么？难道没有他我就过不下去了吗？”撇开没有他她怎么活下去的问题，她开始看招牌。“公司和百货商店……牙科医生……是的，我要全跟杜丽讲了。她是不喜欢渥伦斯基的。这是又丢人又痛苦的，但是我要全告诉她。她爱我，我会听她的话的。我不向他让步；我不能让他教训我……菲力波夫，面包店。据说他们把面团送到彼得堡。莫斯科的水那么好。噢，米辛基的泉水，还有薄烤饼！”她回想起，好久好久以前，她只有十七岁的时候，她和她姑母一路朝拜过三一修道院。“我们坐马车去。那时候还没有铁路。难道那个长着两只红红的手的姑娘，真是我吗？那时有多少在我看来是高不可攀的，以后却变得微不足道了，而那时有过的东西现在却永远得不到手了！那时我能想得到我会落到这样可耻的地步吗？接到我的信他会多么得意和高兴啊！但是我会给他点颜色看看的……油漆味多么难闻啊！他们为什么老是油漆和建筑？时装店和帽庄……”（周扬译）
在七点半钟，她刚走下客厅，仆人就报道，“康斯坦丁·德米特里奇·列文。”公爵夫人还在她自己的房间里，公爵也还没有进来。“果然这样。”吉提想，全身的血液似乎都涌到她心上来了。当她照镜子的时候，她被自己脸色的苍白所惊骇了。
那一瞬间，她深信不疑他是故意早来，在她还是独自一个人的时候来向她求婚。到这时整个的事情才第一次向她显现出来不同的完全新的意义。到这时她才觉察到问题不只是影响她——和谁她才会幸福，她爱谁——而且那一瞬间她还得伤害一个她所喜欢的男子，而且是残酷地伤害他……为什么呢？因为他，这可爱的人爱她，恋着她。但是没有法子想，事情不得不那样，事情一定要那样。
1、请对两部荷马史诗中的阿喀琉斯与奥德修斯的形象的进行对比分析。20%
温州大学2015年《821英美文学》考研专业课真题试卷
2015年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A)（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）第一部分英语文学（共80分）I. Identify the following works or quotations with their authors, write your answers on theAnswer Sheet. 10分1. Measure for Measure2. Novum Organum3. Wuthering Heights4. Ivanhoe5. “Behold her, single in the field,Yon solitary Highland Lass!Reaping and singing by herself;Stop here, or gently pass!Alone she cuts and binds the grain,And sings a melancholy strain;O listen! for the Vale profoundIs overflowing with the sound.”6. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow7. “And the raven, never flitting, still is sitting, still is sittingOn the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;And his eyes have all the seeming of a demon's that is dreaming,And the lamp-light o'er him streaming throws his shadow on the floor;And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floorShall be lifted - nevermore!”8. “Because I could not stop for Death—He kindly stopped for me—The Carriage held but just Ourselves—And Immortality.”9. “Somewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood, and I-I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.”10. Of Mice and MenII. Explain FOUR of the following literary terms in about 50 words for each. 20分Heroic coupletShakespearean SonnetNeo-classicalismAmerican PuritanismImagism。
温州大学考研专业课真题目专业综合A卷
温州大学考研专业课真题目专业综合A卷2011年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题 (A)科目代码及名称: 815专业综合适用专业：050201英语语言文学（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）A 卷第一大部分英语语言学(共50分)I. Define the following terms. (10%)1. arbitrariness;2. duality;3. macrolinguistics;4. diachronic linguisticsII. Judge whether each of the following statements is true(T) or false(F). (10%)1.Applied linguistics is the branch of the study on the application of concepts andfindings of linguistics to language acquisition.2.The speech sounds which are in complementary distribution are definitely allophonesof the same phoneme.3. A stem is any morpheme or combinations of morphemes to which an inflectional affixcan be added.4.Variable words refer to those which do not have inflective changes.5.The word “editor” derives from the word “edit” plus the suffix “-or”.6.Contrastive analysis of errors is a major strand of psycholinguistic research.7.Every speaker of a langauge is, in a strict sense, a speaker of a distinct idiolect.8.After comparing “slowly the artist brought out a piece of paper and a brush” with“The artist brought out a piece of paper and brush slowly”, you may find somedifference in meaning, and the difference can be interpreted in terms of collocativemeaning.9.“Tulip”, “rose”and “violet”are all included in the notion of “flower”. Therefore,they are superordinates of “flower”.10.For Leonard Bloomfied, linguistics is a branch of psychology, and specifically of thepositivistic brand of psychology known as behaviorism.III. Discriminate the following pairs of term. (10%)1. langue vs. parole;2. pragmatics vs. semanticsIV. Do the analysis according to the requirements. (10%)1. Analyze the meanings of the following words into semantic components. (4%)(1) give; (2) father; (3) woman2. Do the immediate constituent analysis of the following grammatical constructions usingtree diagrams. (6%)第1页，共6页(1) He glanced at her in a suspicious manner.(2) Jane showed her baby pictures.V. Answer one of the following two questions. (10%)1. How do you comment on Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?2. What do you think of the relationship between psycholinguistics and cognitive linguistics?第二部分英语文学（共50分）VI. Identify the following works and quotations with their authors, write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (10% )1. Troilus and Cressie2. Much Ado about Nothing3. School for Scandal4. Pamela5. “She walks in beauty, like the nightOf cloudless climes and starry skies;And all that's best of dark and brightMeet in her aspect and her eyes:Thus mellow'd to that tender lightWhich heaven to gaudy day denies.”6. The Joy Luck Club7. Dubliners8. “Lo, in yon brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate lamp within thy hand,Ah! Psyche, from the regions whichA re Holy Land!”9. The Catcher in the Rye10. Harry Potter and the Philosopher's StoneVII. Explain TWO of the following literary terms in about 50 wards for each (10%)Dramatic Monologue PuritanismStream of consciousness Iceberg theoryReader-Response Criticism Feminism3VIII. Choose TWO from the following topics and then do according to the requirement in about 100 words for each (10%)1. What’s the difference between Old English literature and Middle English literature?2. To some extent, we can say, Samson is John Milton, Why?3. What are the features of the American literature in the Romantic Period?4. What are Henry David Thoreau's views on nature and individualism and how they are第2共页6页expressed in Thoreau's Walden?5. Choose one of the following authors and make a comment on any one of his/her literary works: Thomas Hardy, Henry James, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Mark Twain, F. Scott Fitzgerald.VIV. Comment on ONE of the following selected texts in about 100 words. 10%1. My next care was for some ammunition and arms. There were two very good fowling-pieces in the great cabin, and two pistols. These I secured first, with some powder-horns and a small bag of shot, and two old rusty swords. I knew there were three barrels of powder in the ship, but knew not where our gunner had stowed them; but with much search I found them, two of them dry and good, the third had taken water. Those two I got to my raft with the arms. And now I thought myself pretty well freighted, and began to think how I should get to shore with them, having neither sail, oar, nor rudder; and the least capful of wind would have overset all my navigation.2. When a girl leaves her home at eighteen, she does one of two things. Either she falls into saving hands and becomes better, or she rapidly assumes the cosmopolitan standard of virtue and becomes worse. Of an intermediate balance, under the circumstances, there is no possibility. The city has its cunning wiles, no less than the infinitely smaller and more human tempter. There are large forces which allure with all the soulfulness of expression possible in the most cultured human. The gleam of a thousand lights is often as effective as the persuasive light in a wooing and fascinating eye. Half the undoing of the4unsophisticated and natural mind is accomplished by forces wholly superhuman. A blare of sound, a roar of life, vast array of human hives, appeal to the astonished senses in equivocal terms. Without a counsellor at hand to whisper cautious interpretations, what falsehoods may not these things breathe into the unguarded ear! Unrecognised for what they are, their beauty, like music, too often relaxes, then weakens, then perverts the simpler human perceptions.X. Choose ONE poem from the list below, and make a comment on the theme of it in about 100 words (Use at least three of the following elements develop and reinforce your analysis: diction, tone, image, figure of speech, symbols, irony, syntax, rhythm and meter, rhyme). 10%1A little black thing among the snow:Crying weep, weep, in notes of woe!Where are thy father & mother! say!They are both gone up to the church to pray.第3页共6页Because I was happy upon the heath,And smil'd among the winters snow:They clothed me in the clothes of death,And taught me to sing the notes of woe.And because I am happy, & dance & sing,They think they have done me no injury:And are gone to praise God & his Priest & KingWho make up a heaven of our misery.2Traveling through the dark I found a deerdead on the edge of the Wilson River road.5It is usually best to roll them into the canyon:that road is narrow; to swerve might make more dead.By glow of the tail-light I stumbled back of the carand stood by the heap, a doe, a recent killing;she had stiffened already, almost cold.I dragged her off; she was large in the belly.My fingers touching her side brought me the reason—her side was warm; her fawn lay there waiting,alive, still, never to be born.Beside that mountain road I hesitated.The car aimed ahead its lowered parking lights;under the hood purred the steady engine.I stood in the glare of the warm exhaust turning red;around our group I could hear the wilderness listen.I thought hard for us all--my only swerving--,then pushed her over the edge into the river.第4页，共6页第三部分英美文化 (共50分)XI. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (10%)1. The Constitution of the United States was framed in Philadelphia in _________.A. 1776B. 1783C. 1787D. 16202. In the United States, the Department of ______ advises the President on foreign relations.A. DefenseB. StateC. CommerceD. Labor3. Representatives in the Unites States are elected _________.6A. annuallyB. every two yearsC. every three yearsD. every four years4. The New Deal was started by ________.A. Franklin D. RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson5. Which of the following has the power to make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president6. ________ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.A. The Anglo-SaxonsB. The NormansC. The Danish VikingsD. The Romans7. In Britain, a “vote of no confidence” is decided by _________.A. the House of CommonsB. the House of LordsC. the two major partiesD. the Prime Minister8. Through the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to _____.A. grammar schoolsB. comprehensive schoolsC. public schoolsD. technical schools9. Which of the following is not involved in making the foreign policy in Britain?A. The QueenB. The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC. The Prime Minister and the CabinetD. The Ministry of Defence and the Treasury10. All of the following was invented in Britain except ________.A. footballB. tennisC. basketballD. cricketXII. Define TWO of the following terms. (10%)1. Bill of Rights in the United States2. Judicial review3. The House of Lords4. Constitutional monarchy in Britain第5 页共6页XIII. Answer THREE of the following questions briefly. (15%)1. What are the four basic requirements for secondary school students who want to apply for a respected university in the United States?2. Describe briefly the three-tiered national court system of the U.S.3. It is said that British history has been a history of invasions. What are the major invasions?4. What were the major ideas in the Declaration of Independence?75. What factors play an important role in the contemporary foreign policy of UK?XIV. Make a comment on ONE of the following topics. (15%)1. Is American President directly elected by the people? Why or why not? And what are the major procedures in U.S. presidential election?2. Discuss the factors which have contributed to the special relationship between Britain and the United States.第6页，共6 页8。
温州大学文学理论2018到2004十五套考研真题
2018年硕士研究生招生考试试题
科目代码及名称: 812-文学理论
适用专业：文艺学、中国现当代文学、
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
一、专业概念解释（50分）
1. 诗无达诂（10分）
2. 修辞立其诚（10分）
3. 极简主义小说（10分）
4. 人生艺术化（10分）
5. 陌生化理论（10分）
二、阅读下列材料，然后回答所列问题。
（50分）
“文如其人”是中国古代文论中的一个常见的说法，而西方有个近似的说法叫“风格即人”。
“文如其人”见于宋代文豪苏轼的《答张文潜书》一文：“子由之文实胜仆，而世俗不知，乃以为不如；其为人深不愿人知之，其文如其为人。
”“文如其人”的大意是说，文品大可等同于人品，即你心里想的是什么便会把你所想的东西通过文字表达出来。
“风格即人”是18世纪法国启蒙主义思想家和文学家德·布封的一句名言。
有的人把它翻译成“风格就是人”。
布封强调作品思想的重要性。
他认为那些只描写“琐屑对象”的作品，不可能成为“传世
第 1 页，共 2 页。
温州大学考研专业课真题目专业综合A卷
10.For Leonard Bloomfied, linguistics is a branch of psychology, and specifically of the positivistic brand of psychology known as behaviorism.
VII.Explain TWO of the following literary terms in about 50 wards for each(10%)
Dramatic MonologuePuritanism
Stream of consciousnessIceberg theory
Reader-Response CriticismFeminism
VIII.ChooseTWOfrom the following topics and then do according to therequirementin about100 words for each(10%)
1.What’s the difference between Old English literature and Middle English literature?
ment on ONE of thefollowingselected texts in about100 words.10%
1.My next care was for some ammunition and arms. There were two very good fowling-pieces in the great cabin, and two pistols. These I secured first, with some powder-horns and a small bag of shot, and two old rusty swords. I knew there were three barrels of powder in the ship, but knew not where our gunner had stowed them; but with much search I found them, two of them dry and good, the third had taken water. Those two I got to my raft with the arms. And now I thought myself pretty well freighted, and began to think how I should get to shore with them, having neither sail, oar, nor rudder; and the least capful of wind would have overset all my navigation.
温州大学考研真题
温州大学考研真题温州大学是位于中国浙江省温州市的一所综合性大学。
自1999年开始，温州大学每年都会举行考研入学考试，以选拔优秀的研究生。
考研真题是考试前真实的试题，通过对真题的复习和解析，考生可以更好地了解考试形式和内容，提高备考效果。
本文将从历年的温州大学考研真题中选取几道典型题目，进行解析和讲解。
一、英语专业硕士(MA)考研真题阅读理解：Passage 1The United States has developed a new system to predict tornadoes.Research by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) shows that its new method forecasts the intensity and duration of tornadoes with an accuracy of up to 90%.The system, called High-Resolution Rapid Refresh, uses the current weather data and computer modeling to predict the pattern of tornadoes. The research team analyzed 147 tornadoes in the US Midwest last year to validate their predictions.According to the NOAA's prediction, there will be an 80% chance of severe weather conditions, including tornadoes, in parts of Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin.NOAA scientist Steve Weiss said, "The method has been used in predictions for only a year, and its performance has been outstanding."Tornadoes usually occur in the US Midwest in the late spring and early summer. In recent years, tornadoes have caused significant damage and lossof life in the region. With the new prediction system, it is hoped that the people in tornado-prone areas can be better prepared and protected.1. What is the new method developed by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)?A) A method to analyze tornado patterns.B) A method to predict severe weather conditions.C) A method to forecast tornado intensity and duration.D) A method to validate weather predictions.答案：C) A method to forecast tornado intensity and duration.解析：根据Passage 1中的第一段和第三段可以得知，NOAA开发了一种新的系统，用于预测龙卷风的强度和持续时间，所以答案是C。
温州大学2017年《821英美文学》考研专业课真题试卷
2017年硕士研究生招生考试试题 A（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）Part I Literary Identification (Read the following 10 excerpts, and identify the names of the works and their authors. 3 points for each excerpt, and 30 points in all.)1. “It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.”2. “The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind, / If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”3. “When in April the sweet showers fall / And pierce through the drought of March to the root, / And all the veins are bathed in liquor of such power / As brings about the engendering of the flower, / When also Zephyrus with his sweet breath / Exhales an air in every grove and heath / Upon the tender shoots, and the young sun / His half-course in the sign of the Ram has run, / And the small fowl are making melody / That sleep away the night with open eye…”4. “For oft, when on my couch I lie / In vacant or in pensive mood, / They flash upon that inward eye / Which is the bliss of solitude; / And then my heart with pleasure fills, / And dances with the daffodils.”5. “North Richmond street, being blind, was a quiet street except at the hour when the Christian Brothers’ School set the boys free. An uninhabited house of two stories stood at the blind end, detached from its neighbors in a square ground. The other houses of the street, conscious of decent lives within them, gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces.”6. “It was not fear or dread. It was a nothing that he knew too well. It was all a nothing and a man was nothing too. It was only that and light was all it needed and a certain cleanness and order. Some lived in it and never felt it but he knew it was already nada y pues nada y pues nada. Our nada who art in nada, nada be thy name thy kingdom nada thy will be nada in nada as it is in nada. Give us this nada our daily nada and nada us our nada as we nada our nadas and nada us not into nada but deliver us from nada; pues nada. Hail nothing full of nothing, nothing is with thee.”7. “IN Xanadu did Kubla Khan / A stately pleasure-dome decree: / Where Alph, the sacred river, ran / Through caverns measureless to man / Down to a sunless sea. / So twice five miles of fertile ground / With walls and towers were girdled round: / And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills / Where blossom’d many an incense-bearing tree; / And here were forests ancient as the hills, / Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.”8. “April is the cruellest month, breeding / Lilac s out of the dead land, mixing / Memory and desire, stirring / Dull roots with spring rain. / Winter kept us warm, covering / Earth in forgetful snow, feeding / A little life with dried tubers…”9. “Simon Wheeler backed me into a corner and blockaded me there with his chair—and then sat down and reeled off the monotonous narrative which follows this paragraph. He never smiled, he never frowned, he never changed his voice from the quiet, gently-flowing key to which he turned the initial sentence, he never betrayed the slightest suspicion of enthusiasm—but all through the interminable narrative there ran a vein of impressive earnestness and sincerity, which showed me plainly that so far from his imagining that there was anything ridiculous or funny about his story, he regarded it as a really important matter, and admired its two heroes as men of transcendent genius in finesse. To me, the spectacle of a man drifting serenely along through such a queer第1页，共4页。
2017-2018年研究生英语入学考试真题及解析
2017年考研英语二试题及答案跨考教育英语教研室Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work .Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again_____（1）that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by_____（2）A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive_____（3）holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one_____（4）by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives_____（5）, people will simply become lazy and depressed._____（6）,today's unemployed don't seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for_____（7）Americans. Also, some research suggests that the_____（8）for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting_____（9）poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many_____（10）the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn't_____（11）follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the_____（12）of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the_____（13）of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could_____（14）strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the_____（15）of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively_____（16）for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional_____（17）of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day's work, I often feel_____（18）," Danaher says, adding, "In a world in which I don't have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself_____（19）a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for_____（20）matters.1. _____A．boasting B．denying C．warning D．ensuring 2. _____ A．inequality B．instability C．unreliability D．uncertainty 3. _____ A．policy B．guideline C．resolution D．prediction 4. _____ A．characterized B．divided C．balanced D．measured 5. _____ A．wisdom B．meaning C．glory D．freedom6. _____A．Instead B．Indeed C．Thus D．Nevertheless7. _____A．rich B．urban C．working D．educated8. _____A．explanation B．requirement C．compensation D．substitute9. _____A．under B．beyond C．alongside D．among10. _____A．leave behind B．make up C．worry about D．set aside11. _____A．statistically B．occasionally C．necessarily D．economically12. _____A．chances B．downsides C．benefits D．principles 【答案】B13. _____A．absence B．height C．face D．course14. _____A．disturb B．restore C．exclude D．yield15. _____A．model B．practice C．virtue D．hardship16. _____ A．trickyB．lengthy C．mysterious D．scarce17. _____A．demands B．standards C．qualities D．threats18. _____A．ignored B．tired C．confused D．starved【答案】B 19. _____A．off B．against C．behind D．into20. _____A．technological B．professional C．educationalD．interpersonal【答案】BSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run－up to 2012－but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally "grassroots", concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.A．gained great popularityB．created many jobsC．strengthened community tiesD．become an official festival22. The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy" has failed to_____.A．boost population growthB．promote sport participationC．improve the city's imageD．increase sport hours in schools【答案】B23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_____.A．aims at discovering talentsB．focuses on mass competitionC．does not emphasize elitismD．does not attract first-timers24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_____.A．organize "grassroots" sports eventsB．supervise local sports associationsC．increase funds for sports clubsD．invest in public sports facilities25. The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____.A．tolerantB．criticalC．uncertainD．sympathetic【答案】BText 2With so much focus on children's use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. "Tech is designed to really suck on you in," says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, "and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine."Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents' faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device－it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the "still face experiment" devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention. "Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need," says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an "oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting" with their children: "It's based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them." Tronick believes that just because a child isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no value to it－particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.A．simplify routine mattersB．absorb user attentionC．better interpersonal relationsD．increase work efficiency【答案】B27. Radesky's food-testing exercise shows that mothers' use of devices ______.A．takes away babies' appetiteB．distracts children's attentionC．slows down babies' verbal developmentD．reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky's cites the "still face experiment" to show that _______.A．it is easy for children to get used to blank expressionsB．verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchangeC．children are insensitive to changes in their parents' moodD．parents need to respond to children's emotional needs29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.A．protect kids from exposure to wild fantasiesB．teach their kids at least 30,000 words a yearC．ensure constant interaction with their childrenD．remain concerned about kid's use of screens30. According to Tronick, kid's use of screens may_______.A．give their parents some free timeB．make their parents more creativeC．help them with their homeworkD．help them become more attentiveText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn't it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn't academic.But while this may be true, it's not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated "race to the finish line," whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits －in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes－all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that_____.A．they think it academically misleadingB．they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC．it feels strange to do differently from othersD．it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_____.A．keep students from being unrealisticB．lower risks in choosing careersC．ease freshmen's financial burdensD．relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word "acclimation" （Line 8, Para. 3）is closest in meaning to_____.A．adaptationB．applicationC．motivationD．competition34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_____.A．avoid academic failuresB．establish long-term goalsC．switch to another collegeD．decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be_____.A．In Favor of the Gap YearB．The ABCs of the Gap YearC．The Gap Year Comes BackD．The Gap Year: A DilemmaText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires－nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's other work－such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep－that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?"It's already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country," he says. We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, "Wait a minute, is this OK？""Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?" Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change－how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn't come at the expense of the rest of the equation."The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways," he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to "an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited."At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says."We've disconnected ourselves from living with fire," Balch says. "It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today."36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they_____.A．exhausted unprecedented management effortsB．consumed a record-high percentage of budgetC．severely damaged the ecology of western statesD．caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure【答案】B37. Moritz calls for the use of "a magnifying glass" to _____.A．raise more funds for fire-prone areasB．avoid the redirection of federal moneyC．find wildfire-free parts of the landscapeD．guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that _____.A．public debates have not settled yetB．fire-fighting conditions are improvingC．other factors should not be overlookedD．a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to _____.A．discover the fundamental makeup of natureB．explore the mechanism of the human systemsC．maximize the role of landscape in human lifeD．understand the interrelations of man and nature40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.A．do away withB．come to terms withC．pay a price forD．keep away from【答案】BPart BDirections：Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. "We don't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every years. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward pressure on wages. "They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both werelaid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels."The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is."Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives," she says.41.根据题干人名Jay 定位文中“They’re harder to find and they have job offers,”他们很难发现他们有工作邀请。