氮气吸脱附实验
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氮气等温吸脱附实验原理以及应用
Wen Chao
2011.9.29
BET
单位重量催化剂的表面积,以m2 g-1表示
① 固体表面是均匀的 ② 吸附分子间无相互作用力 ③ 当p=p0时吸附层厚度趋于无穷大 ④ 吸附平衡时,每一层的蒸发速度等于其 凝聚速度
• V是在压力为p时的平衡吸附量 • Vm是单层覆盖时的吸附量 • c > 20,气体在固体表面的吸附热与冷凝热的
Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 816–827
Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 816–827
Circles:MCN-1-100, squares: MCN-1-130, and triangles: MCN-1-150
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
固体表面由于多种原因总是凹凸不平的,凹坑深度大于凹坑直径就成为孔。
孔分布: 各种孔径的孔体积占总体积的多少 大孔(>50nm); 中孔(2-50nm); 微孔(<2nm) 孔分布曲线: (吸附总量-孔径) 微分量-半径(dV/dr-r) 最可几孔径:比例最大的孔 吸附气体都能浸润吸附剂固体 , 发生毛细凝聚 浸润, 接触角0-90o, cos > 0, ln (p/p0) < 0 ,p < p0, 未达到饱和蒸汽压就发生凝聚。 如果能在实验中测出不同压力时的吸附量, 就可以利用Kelvin公式计算它的孔径分布。
差值较大, 差值较小,
说明气体与固体表面相互作用强 • c ~ 1,气体在固体表面的吸附热与冷凝热的 说明气体与固体表面相互作用弱
把边长为1cm的立方体逐渐分割成小立方体的情况:
边长l/m 1×10-2 1×10-3 1×10-5 1×10-7 1×10-9
立方体数 1 103 109 1015 1021
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
Comparative plot representing the pressures observed for capillary pore condensation (ads.) and evaporation (des.) in the cases of hexagonal mesoporous silica (MCM-41, SBA-15) materials and the respective 3-D cubic mesoporous silica (MCM-48, KIT-6) materials, as a function of mesopore size. The three different hysteresis regime regions are indicated.
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
KIT-6-130
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
rise to type H2 hysteresis due to pore blocking/percolation independent pore model delayed condensation
Probing Adsorption, Pore Condensation, and Hysteresis Behavior of Pure Fluids in Three-Dimensional Cubic Mesoporous KIT-6 Silica (a) Nitrogen sorption isotherms (at 77.4 K) in selected KIT-6 samples (aged at varying temperatures from 50 to 130 °C). (b) NLDFT pore size distributions (calculated from the desorption branch) from nitrogen (77.4 K) and argon (87.3 K) for selected KIT-6 samples agedat various temperatures. The NLDFT pore sizes (equilibrium) are 5.5,7.3, 8.4, and 10.1 nm, for 50, 80, 100, and 130 °C, respectively.
BJH模型(Barrett-Joiner- Halenda)
假定吸附层厚度t只与相对压力有关而与孔半径无关
滞后现象hysteresis:吸附曲线和脱附曲线不重合
Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 816–827
Two-Dimensional Hexagonally-Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Nitrides with Tunable Pore Diameter, Surface Area and NitrogenContent
中孔孔结构的计算 - 毛细凝聚法 大孔孔结构的计算 - 压汞法 微孔孔结构 层厚法
毛细凝聚现象 孔 = 毛细管;孔中的吸附 = 毛细凝聚
Kelvin公式:ln (p/p0) = - (2V cos)/rRT 表面张力,V 液体摩尔体积,r 半径, 接触角 接触角, 接触角, 0-90o, 90-180 o, 浸润, 不浸润, 凹月面状 凸月面状
Thank you!
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
Simplified schemes representing pore condensation and hysteresis (type H1) behavior in single pore systems and ordered pore networks: (a) true independent cylindrical pore system (e.g., MCM- 41-type); (b) interconnected cylindrical channels, with bridges of too small sizes to influence hysteresis behavior (standard SBA-15 conditions, e.g., aging temperature <100 °C, according to ref 3); and © fully interconnected 3-D network of channels (MCM-48/KIT-6-type and 3-D-like SBA15).
比表面S/(m2/m3) 6 ×102 6 ×103 6 ×105 6 ×107 6 ×109
可见达到nm级的超细微粒具有巨大的比表面积,因而具有许多独特的
表面效应,成为新材料和多相催化方面的研究热点。
用BET法测定固体比表面,最常用的吸附质是氮化点77.2K附近。低温可以避 免化学吸附的发生。将相对压力控制在0.05~0.25之间,是因为当相对压力低 于0.05时,不易建立多层吸附平衡;高于0.25时,容易发生毛细管凝聚作用。
Wen Chao
2011.9.29
BET
单位重量催化剂的表面积,以m2 g-1表示
① 固体表面是均匀的 ② 吸附分子间无相互作用力 ③ 当p=p0时吸附层厚度趋于无穷大 ④ 吸附平衡时,每一层的蒸发速度等于其 凝聚速度
• V是在压力为p时的平衡吸附量 • Vm是单层覆盖时的吸附量 • c > 20,气体在固体表面的吸附热与冷凝热的
Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 816–827
Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 816–827
Circles:MCN-1-100, squares: MCN-1-130, and triangles: MCN-1-150
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
固体表面由于多种原因总是凹凸不平的,凹坑深度大于凹坑直径就成为孔。
孔分布: 各种孔径的孔体积占总体积的多少 大孔(>50nm); 中孔(2-50nm); 微孔(<2nm) 孔分布曲线: (吸附总量-孔径) 微分量-半径(dV/dr-r) 最可几孔径:比例最大的孔 吸附气体都能浸润吸附剂固体 , 发生毛细凝聚 浸润, 接触角0-90o, cos > 0, ln (p/p0) < 0 ,p < p0, 未达到饱和蒸汽压就发生凝聚。 如果能在实验中测出不同压力时的吸附量, 就可以利用Kelvin公式计算它的孔径分布。
差值较大, 差值较小,
说明气体与固体表面相互作用强 • c ~ 1,气体在固体表面的吸附热与冷凝热的 说明气体与固体表面相互作用弱
把边长为1cm的立方体逐渐分割成小立方体的情况:
边长l/m 1×10-2 1×10-3 1×10-5 1×10-7 1×10-9
立方体数 1 103 109 1015 1021
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
Comparative plot representing the pressures observed for capillary pore condensation (ads.) and evaporation (des.) in the cases of hexagonal mesoporous silica (MCM-41, SBA-15) materials and the respective 3-D cubic mesoporous silica (MCM-48, KIT-6) materials, as a function of mesopore size. The three different hysteresis regime regions are indicated.
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
KIT-6-130
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
rise to type H2 hysteresis due to pore blocking/percolation independent pore model delayed condensation
Probing Adsorption, Pore Condensation, and Hysteresis Behavior of Pure Fluids in Three-Dimensional Cubic Mesoporous KIT-6 Silica (a) Nitrogen sorption isotherms (at 77.4 K) in selected KIT-6 samples (aged at varying temperatures from 50 to 130 °C). (b) NLDFT pore size distributions (calculated from the desorption branch) from nitrogen (77.4 K) and argon (87.3 K) for selected KIT-6 samples agedat various temperatures. The NLDFT pore sizes (equilibrium) are 5.5,7.3, 8.4, and 10.1 nm, for 50, 80, 100, and 130 °C, respectively.
BJH模型(Barrett-Joiner- Halenda)
假定吸附层厚度t只与相对压力有关而与孔半径无关
滞后现象hysteresis:吸附曲线和脱附曲线不重合
Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 816–827
Two-Dimensional Hexagonally-Ordered Mesoporous Carbon Nitrides with Tunable Pore Diameter, Surface Area and NitrogenContent
中孔孔结构的计算 - 毛细凝聚法 大孔孔结构的计算 - 压汞法 微孔孔结构 层厚法
毛细凝聚现象 孔 = 毛细管;孔中的吸附 = 毛细凝聚
Kelvin公式:ln (p/p0) = - (2V cos)/rRT 表面张力,V 液体摩尔体积,r 半径, 接触角 接触角, 接触角, 0-90o, 90-180 o, 浸润, 不浸润, 凹月面状 凸月面状
Thank you!
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
J. Phys. Chem. C,201, 114, 9353
Simplified schemes representing pore condensation and hysteresis (type H1) behavior in single pore systems and ordered pore networks: (a) true independent cylindrical pore system (e.g., MCM- 41-type); (b) interconnected cylindrical channels, with bridges of too small sizes to influence hysteresis behavior (standard SBA-15 conditions, e.g., aging temperature <100 °C, according to ref 3); and © fully interconnected 3-D network of channels (MCM-48/KIT-6-type and 3-D-like SBA15).
比表面S/(m2/m3) 6 ×102 6 ×103 6 ×105 6 ×107 6 ×109
可见达到nm级的超细微粒具有巨大的比表面积,因而具有许多独特的
表面效应,成为新材料和多相催化方面的研究热点。
用BET法测定固体比表面,最常用的吸附质是氮化点77.2K附近。低温可以避 免化学吸附的发生。将相对压力控制在0.05~0.25之间,是因为当相对压力低 于0.05时,不易建立多层吸附平衡;高于0.25时,容易发生毛细管凝聚作用。