商务英语泛读期末复习资料

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商务英语阅读期末复习提要

《商务英语阅读》期末复习提要本课程的考核采取两种形式：形成性考核和课程终结考试。

课程总成绩为百分制，形成性考核占40%，课程终结考试占60%。

形式为闭卷，笔答。

由省电大统一命题。

本次考试的题型、分值比例如下：Ⅰ. Multiple choice (20 points, 2 points for each)1. Accounting firms frequently __B__ their audit clients.A. buy management skills fromB. sell consulting services toC. provide audit assignment for2. People can buy stocks from ____B__.A. a secured marketB. securities marketsC. financial markets3. Real property is land and anything permanently attached to it. “It” here means ___C___.A. the propertyB. the owner of the landC. land4. We have a ____A____ to shared prosperity.A. commitmentB. commissionC. competition5. Businesses established in foreign countries should contribute to the social_ C__ of thosecountries.A. advancesB. advantageC. advancementⅡ. Match (10 points, 1 point for each)Section AChoose the correct word or words from the box to complete the passage:Choose the correct word or words from the box to complete the passagerejuvenating lead improvespending up persist in subordinated toIn leading the cause of socialism, the Communist Party of China must persist in taking economic development as the central task, making all other work subordinated to and serve this central task. We must lose no time in spending up economic development, implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and that of sustainable development, give full play to the role of science and technology as the primary productive force. We must take advantage of the advancement of science and technology to improve the quality of workers and work hard to push forward the economy with good results, high quality and high speed.Section BChoose the correct word or words from the box to complete the following sentences: Internet technologies studymargin discount profit6. Marketing is about meeting consumer needs at a __profit_____.7. Economics is the study of how wealth is created and distributed.8. E-business is about transforming business processes and integrating them with Internet technologies9. Selling something at a reduced price is called giving a discount.10. The difference between costs and selling prices is the _ margin ________.Ⅲ. Reading comprehension (45 points, 3 points)Manners and CustomsChanges occurring in manners and customs must be carefully monitored, especially in cases that seem to indicate a narrowing of cultural differences among peoples. Phenomena such as McDonal d’s and Coke Cola have met with success around the world, but this does not mean that the world is becoming westernized. Modernization and westernization are not at all the same, as can be seen in Saudi Arabia, for example.Understanding manners and customs is especially important in negotiations, because interpretations based on one’s own frame reference may lead to a totally incorrect conclusion. Universal respect is needed in cross-cultural negotiation. To negotiate effectively abroad, all types of communication should be read correctly. Americans often interpret inaction and silence as negative signs. As a result, Japanese executives tend to expect that their silence can get Americans to lower prices or sweeten a deal. Even a simple agreement may take days to negotiate in the Middle East because the Arab party may want to talk about unrelated issue or do something else for a while. The aggressive style of Russian negotiators and their usual last-minute change requests may cause astonishment and concern on the part of ill-prepared negotiators.（t ）1. Different manners and customs should be paid attention to when doing international business.（f ）2. The success of McDonald’s and Coke means the world has been westernized.（t ）3. Americans consider doing nothing and keeping silent as the sign of disagreement.（f ）4. Japanese executives tend to expect that their silence can get Americans to lower process or sweeten a deal. “Sweeten a deal” always means to pay more money for the deal.（f ）5. Arab businessmen tend to concentrate on business during the process of negotiation.Ⅳ. Translate the following words into English (10 points, 1 point for each)1. 业绩评估performance evaluation2. 营销策略marketing strategy3. 明示担保express warranty4. 贸易差额balance of trade5. 组织文化organizational cultureV. Translate the following passage into Chinese (15 points)China’s membership in the World Trade Organization creates the potential for impressive gains in economic efficiency. Indeed the gains are likely to be greater than those predicted in most published quantitative estimates, since those studies do not capture fully the likely effect of more foreign competition on domestic firms. No doubt many jobs will be lost in a few sectors. But prospects for generating employment are bountiful as China benefits from the phase-out of arrangements restricting world trade in apparel, and as Taiwan, Mexico, the EU, and other marketsphase out and eliminate the WTO-inconsistent trade barriers they have maintained against a broad array of Chinese goods.。

商务英语阅读期末考试复习资料

《商务英语阅读》期末考试复习资料一、词汇翻译题（课内词汇+课外高频商务词汇）1.entrepreneur 企业家2.specification 规格详述3.human resources 人力资源4.institution 机构5.orientation 方向，导向，新员工入职培训6.decline 消减，衰亡7.bonus 奖金unch 推出，投放市场munity 社区，共同体10.necessities （生活）必需品11.stock 股票12.liquidity 流动性，变现性13.risk 风险14.potential 潜在的15.act of God 不可抗力y off 使……下岗17.listed company 上市公司18.log on 登入、连接（上网）19.absolute interest 绝对产权20.keyboard skills 打字技能21.human resources 人力资源22.account for 解释某事物的原因，占……比例23.executive 高级管理人员，执行总裁24.logo 企业或公司等专用的标记、标识25.administration 管理26.budget 预算27.feasible 可行的28.industry 产业，行业29.ingredient 成分，要素30.securities 证券mission 佣金32.dividend 股息，红利33.mature 到期，成熟34.accounts receivable 应收账款35.job description 岗位描述36.letter of intent 意向书37.living wage 基本生活工资38.bar code 条形码39.acid test 决定性的考验40.executive 高管，主管41.administrative expenses 行政管理费用42.jet lag 飞机时差反应43.customized 用户化的，按客户要求定制的44.keep-fit market 保健市场45.lecture theatre 梯形教室，梯形报告厅46.local adaptation 本土化47.balance sheet 资产负债表48.benefits package 福利套餐,整体福利49.bill of lading 提单、提货单50.access fee 使用费二、单项选择题（课内）1.Factors of production refer to _______.A.natural resources and capitalbor and entrepreneursC.both A and B2.The structure of a large manufacturing company and that of a small service firmshould be __________.A. the sameB. differentC. similar3. Organization charts show employees where they ______.A. start their workB. report to the bossC. fit into the company’s operation4. The basic management skills are ________.A.technical skills, human relations skills and conceptual skillsB.performing skills, marketing skills and planning skillsanizing skills, controlling skills and leading skills5. ________ programs include wages and salaries, incentives, and benefit forworkers.A. CompensationB. MarketingC. Orientation6. The firm’s ________ covers all the products it offers for sale.A. product lineB. product lifeC. product mix7. A nation’s ______ is the difference between the flow of money into and outof the nation.A.balance of tradeB.balance of paymentsC.payment of balance8. China is in the _______ regional economy.A. North AmericaB. EuropeC. Asia/Pacific9. A corporation can also obtain equity financing by selling securities directlyto current stockholders. “Equity” here means ______.A. reasonable qualityB. ordinary stocks and sharesC. principles of equality10.Most short-term financing is unsecured. “unsecured” here means _______.A.no interest chargeB.no collateral is requiredC.no bank loans11.The funds needed to operate an enterprise are referred to as _______.A.capitalB.resourcesbor12. Organization charts show employees where they ______.A. start their workB. report to the bossC. fit into the company’s operation13. The basic management skills are ________.A.technical skills, human relations skills and conceptual skillsB.performing skills, marketing skills and planning skillsanizing skills, controlling skills and leading skills14. ________ programs include wages and salaries, incentives, and benefit forworkers.A. CompensationB. MarketingC. Orientation15. The firm’s ________ covers all the products it offers for sale.A. product lineB. product lifeC. product mix16. _______ may be established based on costs, demands, the competitions’prices,or some combination of these.A. ProductsB. BrandsC. Prices17. A nation’s ______ is the difference between the flow of money into and outof the nation.A.balance of tradeB.balance of paymentsC.payment of balance18. China is in the _______ regional economy.A. North AmericaB. EuropeC. Asia/Pacific19.People can buy stocks from _____.A.securities marketsB. a secure marketC.financial markets20. High-risk investment techniques can provide greater returns, but they entailgreater risk of loss. “Entail” here means _________.A. retailB. investC. involve（答案自己在书上找）三、阅读理解题（课外）Passage 1Global Recession Hits the Developing WorldBoth the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund expect the world economy to shrink this year for the first time since World War Two. As recently as January, the I.M.F. had predicted growth of one-half percent. But this week its chief, Dominique Strauss-Kahn, said the world has entered what he called “a great recession”.A new World Bank report says the recession may hurt the developing world the most. Those countries depend on trade for economic growth. But world trade is expected to fall at the fastest rate in eighty years.East Asia has been hardest hit. In February, exports from China fell twenty-six percent from a year ago.Rich nations are expected to borrow heavily in world credit markets to finance spending at home. But investors are demanding very high returns if they are willing to lend to the developing world at all. Jeff Chelsky, a World Bank senior economist, says investors are avoiding higher risk debt in a flight to quality.The bank estimates that up to three trillion dollars of public and private loans in developing countries must be repaid this year. Some nations have enough foreign currency reserves, but others will struggle to find new financing to pay their existing debts.The World Bank estimates that developing nations will need between two hundred seventy and seven hundred billion dollars in financing. The amount depends on the depth of the recession.The I.M.F. is seeking to expand its lending ability. And World Bank President Robert Zoellick has called on rich nations to put some of their economic recovery spending into a crisis fund to help poor countries.Bank economist Jeff Chelsky says the poorest countries are in the greatest danger. They cannot borrow in credit markets and they depend on exports of commodities like crops or minerals. But falling commodity prices mean they now depend more than ever on foreign aid.Finance ministers and central bankers from major industrial and developing countries meet this weekend outside London to discuss the financial crisis. President Obama wants all countries in the Group of Twenty to coordinate their separate efforts to strengthen their economies.There was some good news this week, including better-than-expected reports on spending by Americans in January and February. And financial stocks rose after Citigroup reported a profit for those two months.And that's the VOA Special English Economics Report, written by Mario Ritter. I'm Steve Ember.1. According to the passage, the world economy will _______ for the first timethis year since the World War Two.A. developB. growC. expandD. become smaller2. _______may be hurt the most by the recession.A. the developing worldB. the developed countriesC. the rich countriesD. Asian countries3. Who are easier to borrow money in the world credit market?A. Rich nationsB. Poor countriesC. the World BankD. the International Monetary Fund4. What does the underlined “flight”mean in the fourth paragraph?A. travelB. flyingC. escapeD. movement through the air5.___________ has called on rich nations to help poor countries.A. President ObamaB. President Robert ZoellickC. Jeff ChelskyD. the International Monetary FundPassage 2A Rough Road for ToyotaToyota became the world's largest automaker in two thousand eight. But after years of building loyalty, the Japanese company may have put its quality brand name at risk, at least temporarily.Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the world because of cases where vehicles have sped up unexpectedly. Last August, a driver in California was unable to stop. The crash killed him and three of his family members.Toyota says the problem is rare and caused by accelerator pedals becoming stuck open. On January twenty-sixth, the company suspended sales of eight of its top-selling vehicles in the United States, its largest market. Toyota dealers have been receiving parts to make repairs.General Motors and Ford both reported increased sales in January. But Toyota sales in the United States have fallen, and so has its stock price. Toyota says it expects costs and lost sales from its recent safety recalls to total two billion dollars by the end of March.Louis Lataif spent twenty-seven years in the car industry at Ford. Now he is dean of the School of Management at Boston University.LOUIS LATAIF: “It’s Toyota’s biggest such recall. It’s voluntary incidentally, it’s not mandated. So, in that respect, they are doing something fairly bold, namely, taking the hit of shutting production and correcting the vehicles that are in inventory on which they have stopped sales.”A recall late last year involved floor mats that Toyota said could cause the accelerator to get stuck. One of the vehicles in the floor mat recall was the Prius, the world’s top selling hybrid.Now American officials are investigating the brake system on the twenty ten Prius. The Transportation Department says it has received more than one hundred twenty reports, including reports of four crashes.Toyota says it found a software problem that could briefly affect the “feel” of the anti-lock brakes on rough or slippery roads. It says it fixed the brake problem last month.But a growing number of legal cases claim Toyota knew for a long time about the sudden acceleration issue with other vehicles. The problem reportedly has led to more than eight hundred crashes and nineteen deaths in the past ten years. Congress is preparing for hearings.Greg Bonner is a marketing professor at Villanova University. He says to regain trust, Toyota will have to make public everything it knows about the problems and show it accepts responsibility.The recall has also intensified questions about all the computer control systems used in modern cars.6. Toyota may have put its quality brand name at risk because__________.A. vehicles have sped up unexpectedlyB. last August, a driver in California was unable to stop.C. Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the worldD. All of the above.7. Which of the following ways is not one Toyota solves its problem about accelerator pedals?A. Toyota stopped sales of eight of its top-selling vehicles in the UnitedStatesB. Toyota is recalling millions of cars and trucks around the worldC. Toyota increased salesD. Toyota dealers have been receiving parts to make repairs.8. Whose sales decreased in January?A. General MotorsB. FordC. General Motors and FordD. Toyota9. From what Louis Lataif said about Toyota, we can infer that _________.A. Toyota didn’t solve its problem positively.B. Louis Lataif didn’t think that Toyota solved its problem properly.C. Louis Lataif thought highly of Toyota’s way of solving its problem.D. Toyota couldn’t solve its problem.10. The underlined word in the last paragraph “intensify” means ________.A. increase in degreeB. decrease in degreeC. make the questions more tenseD. become more intensePassage 3Stock Sectors - How to Classify StocksOne of the ways investors classify stocks is by type of business. The idea is to put companies in similar industries together for comparison purposes. Most analysts and financial media call these groupings “sectors” and you will often read or hear about how certain sector stocks are doing.One of the most common classification breaks the market into 11 different sectors. Investors consider two of these sectors “defensive” and the remaining nine “cyclical.” Let’s look at these two categories and see what they mean for the individual investor.DefensiveDefensive stocks include utilities and consumer staples. These companies usually don’t suffer as much in a market downturn because people don’t stop using energy or eating. They provide a balance to portfolios and offer protection in a falling market.However, for all their safety, defensive stocks usually fail to climb with a rising market for the opposite reasons they provide protection in a falling market: people don’t use significantly more energy or eat more food.Defensive stocks do exactly what their name implies, assuming they are well run companies. They give you a cushion for a soft landing in a falling market.Cyclical stocksCyclical stocks, on the other hand, cover everything else and tend to react to a variety of market conditions that can send them up or down, however when one sector is going up another may be going down.Here is a list of the nine sectors considered cyclical:∙Basic Materials∙Capital Goods∙Communications∙Consumer Cyclical∙Energy∙Financial∙Health Care∙Technology∙TransportationMost of these sectors are self-explanatory. They all involve businesses you can readily identify. Investors call them cyclical because they tend to move up and down in relation to businesses cycles or other influences.Basic materials, for example, include those items used in making other goods – lumber, for instance. When the housing market is active, the stock of lumber companies will tend to rise. However, high interest rates might put a damper on home building and reduce the demand for lumber.How to UseStocks sectors are helpful sorting and comparison tools. Don’t get hung up on using just one organization’s set of sectors, though. uses slightly different sectors in its tools, which let you compare stocks within a sector.This is extremely helpful, since one of the ways to use sector information is to compare how your stock or a stock you may want to buy, is doing relative to other companies in the same sector.If all the other stocks are up 11% and your stock is down 8%, you need to find out why. Likewise, if the numbers are reversed, you need to know why your stock is doing so much better than others in the same sector –maybe its business model has changed and it shouldn’t be in that sector any longer.ConclusionYou never want to be making investment decisions in a vacuum. Using sector information, you can see how a stock is doing relative to its peers and that will help you understand whether you have a potential winner or loser.11. According to this passage, an investor should buy _____________in a falling market.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. technology stocksD. transportation stocks12. According to this passage, an investor should buy _____________in a rising market.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. stocks of utilitiesD. stocks of consumer staples13. ______________sectors belong to cyclical stocks.A. 11B.2C.9D.314. Utilities and consumer staples belong to _______________.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. technology stocksD. transportation stocks15. ___________tend to move up and down in relation to businesses cycles or other influences.A. cyclical stocksB. defensive stocksC. stocks of utilitiesD. stocks of consumer staplesPassage 1America's biggest carmaker accepted fifty billion dollars in federal aid from the Obama and Bush administrations. People joked that GM meant "Government Motors." Now, General Motors could be on the road to recovery.The company recorded over two and a half billion dollars in profit in the first half of the year. The government still owns sixty-one percent of GM as a result of the bailout. Canada is also a shareholder. But now GM plans to sell stock to the public again.GM spent just forty days in bankruptcy. It sought protection from its creditors in June of last year. GM restructured. It discontinued some vehicles and closed dealerships and factories.In April, GM repaid almost seven billion dollars in government loans. Many of its creditors are waiting to see how much they get.GM plans an IPO, an initial public offering of stock, later this year. The company could raise as much as fifteen billion dollars.Chief executive Edward Whitacre is leaving September first. He wants the government to sell all of its shares in the company during the IPO. Many experts believe the Treasury will act slowly over time after the public offering is completed.If the stock price rises, the government could profit from the rescue. But the IPO is risky for the company. The offering will test the willingness of investors to take an equity share in the “new GM”.Buying equity is not like buying bonds. Bonds represent a loan. Equity represents ownership. Investors willing to buy equity shares in a company expect one thing -- growth.GM believes it can make that happen, in part with a new electric-and-gas hybrid.COMMERCIA L: “Chevy Volt, a car that can go up to forty miles before it uses any gas at all. That's an American revolution.”The Volt is expected to start arriving in showrooms later this year.GM is also looking overseas. The world's fastest growing car markets are in developing nations. GM is now selling more cars in China than in the United States. GM still leads the American market, though Toyota is now the biggest car company in the world.There are signs that America's big three may have put the worst of their recent troubles behind them.Chrysler also went through bankruptcy and says its sales are up. Italy's Fiat holds a twenty percent share.Ford Motor Company avoided bankruptcy and refused government help. Ford reported close to five billion dollars in profit for the first six months of the year.1. America’s biggest carmaker is _________________.A. ToyotaB. ChryslerC. GMD. Ford Motor Company2. GM stands for __________.A. Government MotorsB. General MotorsC. Both A and BD. Neither A Nor B3. People joked that GM meant “Government Motors” because _____________.A. The government still owns sixty-one percent of GM as a result of the bailout.B. They accepted fifty billion dollars in federal aid from the Obama and Bushadministrations.C. Both A and BD. Neither A Nor B4. Now, General Motors could be on the road to recovery. It plans ___________.A. to restructure.B. an IPO, an initial public offering of stock, later this yearC. to seek protection from its creditors.D. to discontinue some vehicles and closed dealerships and factories.5. According to the passage, what is not true about Chevy Volt?A. GM believes it will bring profit growth.B. It is a new electric-and-gas hybrid.C. It is a car that can go up to forty miles before it uses any gas at all.D. It has been produced.Passage 2The digital revolution, as exemplified by the Internet and electronic commerce, has shaken marketing practices to their core. In a recen t paper, Wharton’s Jerry Wind, director of the SEI Center for Advanced Studies in Management, and co-authorVijay Mahajan, a marketing professor at the College of Business Administration of the University of Texas at Austin, examine the impact of digital marketing on concepts like pricing, when customers can propose their own prices (), or buyers and sellers can haggle independently in auctions ().The paper provides an overview of some of the emerging realities and new rules of marketing in a digital world, and outlines what the new discipline of marketing may look like in the early part of the new century.To begin with, say the authors, the rapid-fire growth of the Internet is helping to drive changes. “It is not just our comp uters that are being reprogrammed; it is customers themselves,” says Wind. “These emerging cyber consumers are like an alien race that has landed in the midst of our markets. They have different expectations and different relationships with companies from which they purchase products and services.”For one thing, cyber consumers expect to be able to customize everything —from the products and services they buy and the information they seek, to the price they are willing to pay. And with digital technology opening new channels for gaining information, they are more knowledgeable and demanding than previous consumers. Digital customers can also sort products based on any desired attribute, price, nutritional value, or functionality, and they can easily obtain third-party endorsements and evaluations, tapping the experience of other users. “Companies that cannot meet their demands and expectations will be at a loss,” says Wind.Questions:6. The passage was most likely to be quoted from______.A.an overview of a paperB.an introduction to a bookC. a book on digital revolutionD. a paper discussing digital revolution7. The paper mentioned in this paper was written by______.A.Jerry WindB.Vijay MahajanC.Jerry Wind and Vijay MahajanD.an anonymous8. From the third paragraph, we can infer that______.A.the customers are also reprogrammed by computersB.e-business companies need be more knowledgeable about cyber consumersC.cyber consumers are a group of strange peopleD.cyber consumers came from outer space9. Compared with traditional customers, the emerging cyber consumers______.A.are more difficult to satisfyB.have less knowledge about businessC.have more problems with pricesD.are less willing to buy products and services10. What is mainly discussed in the passage? ______A.digital revolutionB.digital marketingC.cyber consumersD.the impact of digital marketing on concepts like pricingPassage 3Greece, economically, is in the black. With very little to export other than such farm products as tobacco, cotton and fruit, the country earns enough from ‘invisible earnings’ to pay for its needed, growing imports. From the sending out of things the Greeks, earn only $285 million; from tourism, shipping and the remittances of Greeks abroad, the country takes in an additional #375 million and this washes out the almost $400 million by which imports exceed exports.It has a balanced budget. Although more than one drachma out of four goes for defense, the government ended a recent year with a slight surplus -- $66 million. Greece has a decent reserve of almost a third of a billion dollars in gold and foreign exchange. It has a government not dependent on coalescing incompatible parties toobtain parliamentary majorities.In thus summarizing a few happy highlights, I don’t mean to minimize the vast extent of Greece’s problems. It is the poorest country by a wide margin in Free Europe, and poverty is widespread. At best an annual income of $60 to $70 is the lot of many a peasant, and substantial unemployment plagues the countryside, cities, and towns of Greece. There are few natural resources on which to build any substantial industrial base. Some years ago I wrote here:“Greek statesmanship will have to create an atmosphere in which home and foreign savings will willingly seek investment opportunities in the back ward economy of Greece. So far, most American and other foreign attempt have bogged down in the Greek government’s red tape and shrewdness about small points.”Great strides have been made. As far back as 1956, expanding tourism seemed a logical way to bring needed foreign currencies and additional jobs to Greece. At that time I talked with the Hilton Hotel people, who had been examining hotel possibilities, and to the Greek government division responsible for this area of the economy. They were hopelessly deadlocked in almost total differences of opinion and outlook.Today most of the incredibly varied, beautiful, historical sights of Greece have new, if in many cases modest, tourist facilities. Tourism itself has jumped from approximately $31 million to over $90 million. There is both a magnificent new Hilton Hotel in Athens and a completely modernized, greatly expanded Grande Bretagne, as well as other first-rate new hotels. And the advent of jets has made Athens as accessible as Paris or Rome –without the sky-high prices of traffic-choked streets of either.Questions:11. The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is_________.A. Greek income and expendituresB. The improving economic situation in GreeceC. The value of tourismD. Military expenditures12. Many peasants earn less than _________.A. $60 a weekB. $2 a weekC. $1 a dayD. $10 a month13. The Greek Government spends __________.A. more than 25%of its budget on military termsB. More than its collectsC. A third of a billion dollars in goldD. Less than 25% of its budget on military terms14. According to the passage, Greece has _________.A. a dictatorshipB. a monarchyC. a single majority partyD. too much red tape15. Greece imports annually goods and materials __________.A. totaling almost $700 millionB. that balance exportsC. that are paid by touristsD. costing $66 million四、篇章翻译题（课外）Passage A纳斯达克开设北京代表处随着各方吸引迅速增长的中国公司赴海外上市的争夺战愈演愈烈，纳斯达克(Nasdaq)昨日成为最新一个在北京开设代表处的全球证交所。

商务英语阅读期末复习要点

currency fluctuationCEOprogressive payment customs dutystrike pricecost reductionforeign exchange reserve intelligent logistic network open accountboard of directorsspot exchange rategross weighteconomic meltdown capital flowprimary market severance payenergy intensivebonusreserve requirements collateralinterest rate liberalization fiscal policecorporate governance turnovershareholder general meeting time depositequity ownershipbulk commoditytax cutsgovernment spending年度预算保税仓线上支付系统预付公募私募证券市场世界贸易组织回报率绩效评估招募人员本国货币公司高管资本流失汇率波动首席执行官按施工进度分批付款关税成交价压缩成本外汇储备智能物流网络赊销董事会即期汇率毛重经济衰退现金流一级市场遣散费能源密集型奖金存款准备金要求抵押利率自由化财政政策公司治理营业额股东大会定期存款股权所有散装货税收降低政府支出annual budget bounded warehouseon- line payment system payment in advance public placement private placement securities marketWTOrate of return performance appraisal recruitmentdomestic currency company senior manager capital flight基本利率公开市场操作实体经济金融市场光票托收养老金抵押贷款货币投机贴现率贬值恶性通膨基本工资贸易区域流通票据提单银行信用prime lending rate open market operations entity economy financial market clean collection pensionmortgage loan currency speculation discount rate depreciation hyperinflationbase paytrade block negotiable instrument bill of ladingbank credit1.The importer should have the knowledge that the exchange control authorities in his country will permit advance payment to be made.进口人应该知道本国外汇管制当局准许使用提前支付的形式支付货款。

商务英语期末复习资料

商务英语期末复习资料Part I Translate the following English words into Chinese.1. bill of exchange 2. sight draft 3. irrevocable L/C 4. penalty 5. money of payment 6. usance L/C 7. money of account 8. promissory note 9. commercial draft 10. advising bank 11. Force Majeure 12. combined transport document Part II . Translate the following Chinese words into English1. 佣金佣金2. 单价单价3. 承兑承兑4. 贴现贴现5. 受益人受益人6. 独立代理独立代理7. 支票支票 8. 进口许可证进口许可证 9. 背书 10. 补偿贸易 11. 折扣折扣 12. 示票 13. 跟单托收 14. 经销经销 15. 索赔索赔16. 商业发票 17. 保险凭证保险凭证 18. 汇率汇率19．检验证书．检验证书 20. 保兑保兑Part III Write down the full name of the following abbreviations and the translations.1. D/P2. M/T3. CIF4. D/A5. T/T6. B/LPart IV Decide whether the following statements are true or false by writing “T” for true and “F” for false in the bracket besides each statement.1. International trade is only the exchange of goods between nations. 2. The distributor gains profits from the price difference at which he buys and resells the goods. 3. In reality, the quantity of goods shipped must be exactly the same with that stipulated in the contract. 4. Partial shipment means that the goods under one contract are shipped in different terms or by different lots. 5. A unit price consists of four parts: currency unit, unit price figure, measuring unit and price terms. 6. The buyer will inform the seller the opening of L/C and pass the L/C to the seller. 7. In counterpurchase, the value of countertrade goods has to equal that of the export. 8. Whether sale by buyer ’s sample or by seller ’s sample, the quality of the commodities should be strictly same as sample. Otherwise, it should be stipulated in the contract clearly. 9. Transshipment may increase the cost of shipment and the possibility of delay in delivery of commodities. 10. In international trade, if All Risks was covered, any loss caused by any reason on the way can be compensated by insurance company. 11. Under the the term term term of of of D/A, D/A, D/A, it it it is is the the bank bank bank in exporter in exporter ’s s country country country who who who makes makes makes acceptance acceptance acceptance to to to the the the draft draft draft and delivers and delivers documents to the importer. 12. Landed quality and weight means that the inspection carried out at the port of destination will be final. 13. When EXW or DDP is used, the commodity is generally inspected in the exporting country. 14. “USD200 per M/T CIFC2 London ” means that the seller will receive 200 US dollars for per metric ton. Part V Fill in the blanks with the best choice.1. Who has the exclusive right of selling the goods in a marketing area at the price he fixes? ___. a. Consignor b. Exclusive distributor c. Exclusive agent d. Bidder 2. When the seller only pays freight for the goods up to arrival at the port of destination, the term is _____. a. FOB b. CFR c. DDU d. CIF 3. Partial shipment may be necessary when ____. a. direct liners are not available b. the amount of the cargo is very small c. the shipping date is very close d. the export covers a large amount of goods 4. The goods concluded on the CIF basis have been burnt because of the fire after being loaded, then ____. a. the loss is due to the seller b. the seller asks the insurance company for compensation c. the buyer asks the insurance company for compensation d. the loss is due to the party who pays the freight 5. In the following terms of settlement, which is the most risky one for the seller? ____. a. T/T in advance b. D/A c. D/P at sight d. D/P after sight 6. 6. When When When ____ ____ ____ happens, happens, happens, the the the party party party that that that fails fails fails to to to perform perform perform the the the contract contract contract is is is allowed allowed allowed to to to relieve relieve relieve liabilities liabilities liabilities of of of the the non-performance. a. war b. world market price goes up c. manufacture fault d. currency devaluation 7. Which is NOT the example of trade barriers? _____. a. Tariffs b. Quotas c. Import duties d. Income tax 8. In international trade, the seller ships the goods to the buyer when there is no purchase made. The seller retains title to the goods until the buyer has sold them. This is ___. a. bidding b. agency c. consignment d. distributor 9. Which stipulation of the date of shipment is often used in a contract? ____. a. One day b. Within several days after the L/C has been received c. Prompt shipment d. Concrete shipment time 10. Particular additional coverage of CIC ____. a. can be covered alone b. can’t be covered alone c. can be covered alone when more than two of them are covered d. can be covered alone when only one of the insured applies for insurance 11. Which one of the following quotations is wrong? a. FOB QINGDAO USD10.00/PC b. CIF LIVERPOOL GBP125.00/MT c. FOB SHANGHAI $15.25/PC d. FOB JINAN USD2.00/KG 12. Under CIF, freight on the B/L is marked as ____. a. Freight Prepaid b. Freight Collect c. Freight Pre-payable d. Freight Unpaid 13. Based on whether the goods are loaded or not, the B/L can be classified into ____. a. clean B/L and unclean B/L b. direct B/L and transshipment B/L c. straight B/L and order B/L d. on board B/L and received for shipment B/L 14. A company exports 50 tons of wheat, the seller delivers the extra 2 tons, then the buyer should ____. a. accept 52 tons b. refuse to take 52 tons c. accept extra 1 ton d. refuse to accept extra 2 tons Part Part VI VI . Translate Translate the the the following following following English English English sentences sentences sentences into into into Chinese Chinese Chinese or or or Chinese Chinese Chinese sentences sentences sentences into into English 1. FOB means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the ship ’s rail nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. 2. Total amount, as its name suggests, is the sum of the money for one business transaction. It equals to the unit price multiplied by the quantity of the goods. 3. Generally speaking, the L/C should arrive to the seller at least 15 days before the time of shipment to allow sufficient time to check and amend, if necessary, the L/C and to arrange shipment. 4. Under an FOB, CFR or CIF contract, port of shipment is usually proposed by the exporter and is stipulated in 1. 汇票汇票 2. 即期汇票即期汇票3. 不可撤销信用证不可撤销信用证 4. 罚金罚金5. 支付货币支付货币 6. 远期信用证远期信用证7. 计价货币计价货币 8. 本票本票9. 商业汇票商业汇票 10. 通知行通知行不可抗力不可抗力 12. 多式联运单据多式联运单据commission unit price accept/acceptance discount beneficiary factor check import license 9. endorse/endorsement 10. compensation trade 11. discount/allowance presentation documentary collection distribution 15. claim 16. commercial invoice insurance certificate 18. exchange rate 19. inspection certificate 20. confirm/confirmation Part V Fill in the blanks with the best choice.（每小题2分，共20分）1—5 b b d c b 6—10 a d c b b 11—14 c a d a Part VI . Translate the following English sentences into Chinese or Chinese sentences into English （英译中每小题2分，中译英每小题3分，共25分）1. FOB 是指货物越过指定装运港买方指派的船只的船舷时，卖方就完成了交货义务。

商务英语期末复习资料

商务英语复习资料题型：①阅读理解5-6篇40% ②翻译（中→英）5个*5’=25%③画图题15% ④作文：要顶格写20%一．翻译1．我们希望公司能使我们更高效的经营业务，同时也为客户带来便利。

我们也希望你们能继续向我们订购，订单直接交本公司或分公司均可。

We hope that by it we can handle our business more efficiently for the convenience of our customers. We also hope that you will continue to place orders with us direct or through our new branch.2．随函寄上本公司商品目录一册，供参考，但愿你们从中能找到所需要的东西。

Enclosed for your reference is a copy of our catalogue ,in which you may find something you need.3．如果在你方市场完成了年销售，这份独家代理协议原本可以于到期日延长一年。

Should the annual turnover have been realized in your market, the sole agent agreement would have been extended for another year upon its expiration.4．前几天，你地的一家通讯公司前来与我们洽谈业务，他们意外地告诉我们你们是有名的摩托车制造商。

We were approached by a telecom provider in your district the other day and from them we happened to know that you are a well-known motorbike manufacturer.5．由于我方已在支付方式方面做出了让步，因此，难以再顺从你方的要求，把价格降至你方所说水平。

国际商务英语阅读教程(第四版)-期末复习

Unit 1~2Mercantilism 重商主义 Neomeicantilist 新重商主义者Trade surplus 贸易顺差Quota and tariff 配额和关税Government intervention 政府干预Zero-sum game 零和博弈Positive-sum game 常和博弈The theory of absolute advantage 绝对优势理论The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论Factor endowments 要素禀赋理论Product life cycle 产品生命周期（+theory ……理论）Economies of scale 规模经济Diminishing returns 收益递减规律Green revolution 绿色革命Voluntary restriction 自动出口限制Deposit 佣金First mover advantage 先占优势Barrier to entry 进入(市场)壁垒Porter’s diamond theory 波特的钻石理论National competitive advantage 国家竞争优势The department of commerce 商务部Letter of credit 信用证Draft /bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading B/L 提单Sight draft 即期汇票Time draft 远期汇票Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑（+bill …汇票）Trade acceptance 商业承兑汇票Countertrade 对等贸易Barter 易货贸易Switch trading 转手贸易Offset 抵消Counter purchase 互购贸易Compensation trade 补偿贸易Mercantilism suggests that it is in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus -- to export more than it imports（重商主义就是保持贸易顺差以实现一国的最大利益---出口超过进口）Mercantilism advocates government intervention(介入) to achieve a surplus in the balance of trade （重商主义主张政府介入以便实现对外贸易顺差）It views trade as a zero-sum game - one in which a gain by one country results in a loss by another （将贸易看成零和博弈，一个国家收益一个国家受损）Absolute Advantage 绝对优势Adam Smith argued that a country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing it亚当斯密认为一个国家生产一种商品比其他任何国家效率都高时存在绝对优势According to Smith, countries should specialize in the production of goods for which they have an absolute advantage and then trade these goods for the goods produced by other countries 按照亚当斯密的说法，各国应该专门生产具有绝对优势的商品，然后用他们交换其他国家生产的商品The Benefit（好处） of Absolute Advantage and Free TradeThe Principle for International Division of Labor–Absolute Advantage 国际分工的原则---绝对优势The Consequence（结果） of Division of Labor and Free Trade 分工的结果和自由贸易1. To Production: the Flow of the Factor of Production 生产要素的流动； the Efficiency of Factor Distribution 要素分配效率；the Quantity of Production 产品质量。

商务英语泛读考试复习汇总(单词及词汇题)

二．生词复习内容1．带句子复习Unit One Part A TEXT ADeposit [di'pɔzit] Vt./n. 存款,沉淀Save account 银行账户During a certain week, for example, you may make telephone calls, have your eyeglasses repaired, ride in a taxi, consult your doctor, deposit money in you saving account.The Nile floods the fields and deposits mud on themLaundry ['lɔ:ndri] n. 洗衣店, 洗衣, 要洗的衣服What about the laundry, the television repairman, the plumber?The report on the hospital mentions such desiderata as a supply of clean laundryTransaction [træn'zækʃən] n. 交易, 执行, 办理Business TransactionHad you not helped us, we should have canceled this transactionYacht [jɔt] n./Vt. 游艇/驾游艇, 乘游艇custom-build car 按买主要求制造的汽车Nonessential high-quality goods, such expensive jewelry, yachts, and custom-build cars, are called luxuriesThe yacht hit a rock and damaged her bowsSuspend [səs'pend] Vt. 吊, 悬挂; 暂停, 悬浮, 中止If just one phase of business, such as transportation, were to suspend operations, factories could not ship their products.A curved or sharply bent device, usually of metal, used to catch, drag, suspend, or fasten something elseLay off v.解雇, 停止, 关闭, 休息Soon worker would be laid off because of shutdowns; and with the loss in wages families would have to curtail their buying Why don't you lay off smoking for a while until your cough gets better?Savings bond 储蓄公债One family reported these business activities for a certain day: issued checks to pay automobile insurance and electric bill; bought a rug chairs; mailed a letter to order some books; paid the newsboy; hired a carpenter to repair the window frame; bought a United States savings bond at the bank; left a roll of film at the camera shop; had dinner at a restaurant.Unit Two Part A TEXT APopcorn ['pɔpkɔ:n] n. 爆米花adj. （无艺术含量或智慧的事物）流行的Suppose a farmer recognizes the need for popcorn and decides to grow some.I bought a cup of coke and some popcornstorage warehouse仓库For example, to a storage warehouse and when the warehouse in turn sells it to a supermarket or amusement parkaroma [ə'rəumə] n. 浓香, 香气Marketing occurs most obviously, perhaps, at the movie theater where patrons are greeted with the sight, sound, andaroma of freshly popped corn as they pass into the theaterThe aroma of roasting coffee beansBeauty salon n. 美容院Other business marketing services include beauty salons, insurance agencies, driving schools, emergency care centers, and the telephone companies.snack bar 快餐柜, 小吃店And you will surely come across restaurants and snack bars that provide food and food services such as Kentucky Fried Chicken and Burger KingDon't stay too long at the snack barIntangible [in'tændʒəbl] adj.难以明了的, 无形的n.无形的东西They are intangible and perishable他们是无形的，易消失的The old building have an intangible air of sadness about itBarbecue ['bɑ:bikju:] n.烤肉, 烧烤, 烤架v.烤炙Some stores feature one special kind of food, such as health foods, cheese, or barbecued chickenIf you're not busy Sunday, we'd love to have you both over for a barbecueStationery ['steiʃənəri] n.文具, 信笺As we continue our tour, you may see at least on department store and stores specializing in things such as shoes, jewelry, sporting goods, furniture, stationery, and flowers.The letter is typed on his office stationeryLubrication [lu:bri'keiʃən] n. 润滑Many service stations, for example, sell not only gasoline, oil, and other goods but also lubrication and repair servicesRetail ['ri:teil] n.零售vt.零售, 传述adv.以零售形式adj.零售的The businesses where you and your family buy goods and services are known are retail stores or retailersCould you tell me the retail prices of these shoes?Promote [prə'məut] vt.促进, 提升, 升迁, 发起, 促销Some of these activities are promoting, pricing and distributing－all the activities that help put the goods and services you want and need into your handThe government decided to promote public welfareBillboard ['bilbɔ:d] n. 广告牌vt. 宣传As you continue touring community, the billboard on highways or street encourage you to “Try 7 Up” or “Visit Disneyland”Large billboards have disfigured the sceneryreal estate agent 房地产经纪人cashiers [kæ'ʃiə] n.出纳员, 收银员vt.解职, 丢弃dealer ['di:lə] n.商人, 经销商, 发牌者, 毒品贩子They may be salespeople in department stores, cashiers in supermarkets, ticket sellers in movie theaters, services-station attendants, real estate agents, florists, or automobile dealersA cashier ran away with the day's takingsShe's now firmly established (in business) as an art dealerCopywriter ['kɔpiraitə] n.广告文字撰写人This group includes receiving clerks in a large store, designers of window displays, artists preparing posters, copywriters preparing newspaper ads, and so onDistribution [distri'bju:ʃən] n.分布, 分发, 分配, 散布, 销售量Although marketing is sometimes called” distribution”, the terms actually have different meaningsThe manager tried to even out the distribution of work among his employeesConception [kən'sepʃən] n.概念, 观念, 构想, 怀孕Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organization objectivesI have no conception of what you meanUnit Three Part A TEXT APatronage ['pætrənidʒ] n. 赞助, 光顾, 任免权Product and patronage buying motivesThis orchestra has been established under the patronage of the governmentHay fever花粉热, 干草热For example, the customer who suffers from hay ever may want an air conditioner for the homeHas had hay fever all his lifePollen ['pɔlin] n.花粉vt.授粉给The primary reason for the purchase of the air conditioner is to remove pollen from the air in order to give relief from the symptoms of hay everStamen is in the middle of a flower and may produce pollenUnit Four Part A TEXT APurchase ['pə:tʃəs] vt.购买n.购买, 购买的物品n.紧握,支点Customers will not purchase a product or service until they are convinced that they will benefit from owning that product or serviceYou can rely on your solicitor's professionalism in dealing with the house purchaseConsumption [kən'sʌmpʃən] n.消费, 消耗, 肺痨Our economy is divided into three phases: production, marketing, and consumptionThe meat was condemned as unfit for human consumptionLumber ['lʌmbə] n. 木材, 木料v. 伐木vi. 缓慢地移动vt. 拖累Faming, mining, fishing, lumbering, and manufacturing make up of the production phase of our economyMaterial, such as lumber or tile, used in making floorsWholesaler ['həul'seilə] n.批发商Wholesalers and retailers make up the marking phase of our economyAs you know, we are a well-established firm in the line of textiles, and we enjoy good relations with all the wholesalers, chain stores and distributors in CanadaUnit Five Part A TEXT AEntrepreneur [ɔntrəprə'nə:] n.企业家, 承包商,主办者Two kinds of businessman-heroes have gained wide-spread respect among the people. The first kind is often calls the entrepreneur.He would not have succeeded in such a risky business if he had not been such a clever entrepreneurOil refining炼油The men who more than one hundred years ago built up the great industries of the nation, such as steel, railroads, and oil refining, were usually entrepreneursFrontier ['frʌntjə] n.边界, 边境, 尖端, 边缘The fact that these early entrepreneurs built great industries out very little made them seem to millions of Americans like the heroes of the early frontier days who went into the vast wilderness of the United States and turned forest into farms, villages, and small citiesThe frontier ranges from the northern hills to the southern coastrugged ['rʌgid] adj.高低不平的,衣裳褴褛的,粗鲁的, (人)坚毅的, (气候)严酷的, (声音)刺耳的,坚固耐用的The entrepreneur, like the earlier hero of the frontier, was seen as a “rugged individual”The path to glory is always ruggedTheme [θi:m] n.主题, 题目, 主旋律The theme of Alger’s novels is that in the United States a poor city boy or a poor farm boy can become a wealthy and successful businessman if he works hard and relies on himself rather than depending on othersPeace was the dominant theme of the conferenceprevail [pri'veil] vi.盛行, 获胜, 劝说indolence ['indələns] adj.懒散, 懒惰; 无痛This quality marked him for success, explained Alger, because in the boot-blacking business, as well as in the higher vocations, the same rule prevails, that energy and industry are rewarded, and indolence suffersMisty weather prevails in this part of the countryHe got the better of his indolenceInspire [in'spair] vt.鼓舞, 激发, 产生, 赋予...灵感vi.吸入Although Americans today are likely to think that Horatio Alger’s stories are too good to be true, they continue to be inspired by the idea of earning wealth and success as an entrepreneur who makes it on his ownThe sight inspired him with nostalgiaAppeal to对 ... 产生吸引力, 呼吁, 恳求, 申诉A final characteristic of the entrepreneur which appeals to most Americans is his strong dislike of submitting to higher authority (particularly the government)The company is prepared to trade off its up-market image against a stronger appeal to teenage buyersTrait [treit] n.特征, 特点, 少许, 一笔Throughout their history, the American people have had this traitOne of his less attractive traits is criticizing his wife in publicAdmire [əd'maiə] vt.钦佩, 赞美, 羡慕They have strongly admired the entrepreneur who conducts his business and his life without taking orders from anyone above himThey admire her alabaster complexionAcquire [ə'kwaiə] vt.获得, 学到, 取得They acquire power and wealth, but they do not have as strong a hero image as does the entrepreneur, because they are not seen as pure example of American idealsWe admired his intellectual providence to acquire vast stores of dry informationUndisputed ['ʌndis'pju:tid] adj.无可置辩的, 无异议的, 确实的The entrepreneur, on the other hand, was the sole and undisputed captain of his businessOur product has become the undisputed market leaderUnit Six Part A TEXT ASkyscraper ['skaiskreipə] n. 摩天楼, 超高层大楼; 特别高的东西Symphony Orchestra 交响乐团In downtown Detroit there are some fine skyscrapers and expensive restaurants and stores, and right on the edge of the downtown area, facing Canada across the busy Detroit River, is the waterfront, and its civic center, with parks and a concert hall, home of the famous Detroit Symphony OrchestraA new skyscraper has been put up downtownProsperity [prɔs'periti] n. 繁荣, 成功, 幸运This concert hall, called the Ford Auditorium, is a reminder that Detroit owes its rapid growth and one-time prosperity to the automobile, and above all to Henry FordThe increasing sale of luxury goods is an index of the country's prosperitymechanical [mi'kænikəl] adj.机械的, 力学的, 呆板的n.(供制版用的)样书,版面设计At an early age, he showed an interest in mechanical things and dislike for farm workThe new car had to be withdrawn from the market because of a mechanical defectApprentice [ə'prentis] n.学徒, 见习生v.使当学徒In 1879, 16-year-old Ford left home for the nearby city Detroit to work as an apprentice mechanist, although he did occasionally return to help on the farmThe boy was apprenticed to a carpenterOperate ['ɔpəreit] v.操作, 运转, 经营, 动手术During the next few years, Henry divided his time between operating or repairing steam engines, finding occasional work in a Detroit factoryThe new law operates to destroy our advantagesSignify ['signifai] vt.表示, 预示, 意味着, 象征vi.有重要性Conscious ['kɔnʃəs] adj.神志清醒的, 意识到的, 自觉的, 有意的n.意识This event signified a conscious decision on Ford’s part to dedicate his life to industrial pursuitsShe signifies her disagreementI had to make a conscious effort not to be rude to himInternal combustion engine 内燃机His promotion to Chief Engineer in 1893 gave him enough time and money to devote attention to his personal experiments on internal combustion enginesMass-produce [mæsprə'du:s] vt. 大量生产Henry Ford did not invent the automobile, but he was the first man to mass-produce it, and thus make it available to the ordinary manDignity ['digniti] n.尊严, 高贵, 端庄Robot ['rəubɔt] n.机器人, 机械呆板的人,自动机,（非洲南部）自动交通信号灯Ford believed in the dignity of work, and did not wish his men to become underpaid robotsThere was something impressive about Julia's quiet dignityThe toy robot moved forward with quick jerky stepsOutskirt ['autskə:t] n.郊区（常用复数）He also built them a special town on the outskirts of the cityThey live on the outskirts (ie in an outlying district) of ParisDisperse [dis'pə:s] v.分散, 散开Now many plants have been dispersed to other parts of the states, and unemployment, particularly among the blacks, has become a serious problemThe police dispersed the crowdGulf [gʌlf] n.海湾, 鸿沟vt.吞没She gets her own oil from the Gulf of Mexico and from Alaska, and from other oil fields still in production in various parts of the USA, but she cannot produce nearly enough to suit her multifarious needsThe president hugged himself with pleasure over the quick withdrawal from the gulf warUnit Seven Part A TEXT ASector ['sektə] n.部门, 部分, 区域n.[计]扇形, 扇区vt.使分成部分Other industries and services, including nearly all commercial and financial services, are owned and controlled by private enterprise, and this sector is called the “private” sectorThere are several sectors unusable in this diskCharacteristic [kæriktə'ristik] n.特点, 特性, 特色adj.典型的, 特有的Each type is suited to certain services, profession and industries, and to small and large units, and so it is necessary to compare and contrast the chief characteristics of each typeHer predominant characteristic is honestyInterior [in'tiəriə] adj.内地的, 国内的, 内部的n.内部, 内在Decorate ['dekəreit] v.装饰, 布置, 装修, 授予某人奖章或其他奖状It is very often found in retailing and in the direct service (such as window-cleaning and interior decorating) The architect laid out the interior of the buildingSeveral soldiers were decorated for braveryAccountant [ə'kauntənt] n.会计人员, 会计师Architect ['ɑ:kitekt] n.建筑师n.【喻】缔造者, 创造者Sometimes the partners bring special skills (such as an accountant in a partnership of architects), and they share the riskThe accountant described his work to the sales staffThe architect was given/presented with a blank cheque to design a new city centreLiability [aiə'biliti] n.责任, 债务, 倾向, 可能性, 不利因素It is the main disadvantage of partnerships that ordinary of general partners have unlimited liability for losses and debtsIf your liabilities exceed your assets, you may go bankruptCollapse [kə'læps] v.倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解, 折叠n.倒塌, 崩溃, 暴跌For the very large organizations of modern industry and commerce, the amount of capital needed and the potential losses which might result from collapse are very largeTalks between management and unions have collapsedout of the question adj.不可能的，不值得考虑的Unlimited liability is therefore out of the questionMaximum ['mæksiməm] n.最大量, 最大限度, 最高点adj.最高的, 最大极限的The main difference between private and public limited companies is that there is a restriction on the number of members in a private limited company (maximum fifty), whereas there is no such restriction in a public limited companyThe demonstration was carefully orchestrated to attract maximum publicityTransfer [træns'fə:] v.转移, 调任, 转乘n.迁移, 移动, 换车, 汇兑There are restrictions on the transfer of transfer of shares in a private limited companyHe intends to transfer the property to his sonsubscribe [səb'skraib] vt.认购,订阅, 签名, 支持, 捐赠, 同意The public limited company can appeal to the public to subscribe capital, and so can raise more capital than the private limited companyDo you subscribe to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy?Unit Eight Part A TEXT AParticipated [pɑ:'tisipeit] vi.参加, 参与vt.分享For example, the Alaska pipeline, which carries crude oil from wells in the Alaskan wilderness to tankers waiting offshore, was a hugely expensive project in which eight oil companies participatedI don't want to participate in the English partyArctic Circle n. 北极圈But in the case, the oil fields are located near the Arctic Circle, where frozen ports make year-round ocean transport impossibleI said: "Only the other day the Russians put out that they have discovered huge new diamond fields somewhere inside the Arctic Circle."Bonanza [bəu'nænzə] n.富矿带, 带来好运的事物, 暴富之源And by 1981 crude oil had risen to about $40 a barrel, making the pipeline a bonanza for the ownersIt's been a bonanza (ie very profitable) year for the tourist tradeConglomerate [kən'glɔmərit] n.联合企业, 密集体, 城郊混合区,[地]砾岩vt.使聚集, 使结成,结合Warner, an entertainment conglomerate that produces movies and many of the shows seen on network TVAn American conglomerate holds a major share in the companyDairy ['dɛəri] n.牛奶场, 乳品店, 乳制品, 地方小店adj.牛奶的, 乳制品的In the last decade, they have broadened the scope of their operations considerably, increasing their market shares in dairy products and cotton and movies into food processingThe business of owning and operating a dairy or a dairy farmAt the expense of 以 ... 作为代价在损害...的情况下step up 增加, 加快, 提升, 升高（电压）, 站出来The so-called supply co-ops have likewise stepped up their sales to farmer of such necessities as fertilizer, petroleum, and chemical products－all at the expense of industrial competitorsI hope you try to get them to step up productionAverage ['ævəridʒ] n.平均数, 平均水平adj.平均的, 一般的, 通常的v.取平均值, 达到平均水平Levy ['levi] n.征税, 召集vt.征收, 发动vi.强收For example, the profits that co-ops return to their members are currently not subject to federal income tax, so that tax rates for co-ops average only about one-third of those levied on their corporate competitorsTom's work at school is above the averageThe court may have to levy on your estate to pay your debtsBar [bɑː]n. 棒, 条; 闩, 横杠; 条状物; 障碍, 限制#酒吧; 律师界v. 闩住; 阻塞; 封锁; 阻拦In addition, cooperatives are permitted to own manufacturing and other facilities, a practice from which corporations can be barredHe is the best singer in the world, bar noneExclusive [iks'klu:siv] adj.排外的, 独占的, 唯一的, 完整的, 奢华的n.独家新闻, 独权adj. 高价的, 时髦的The franchisor (the corporation) grants the franchisee (the person) the exclusive right to use the franchisor’s name in a certain territory, usually in exchange for an initial fee plus monthly royalty paymentsHe moves in exclusive social circles and belongs to the most exclusive clubsOutlet ['autlet] n.出路, 出口, 通风口, 批发商店, <美>电源插座The franchise operation enables a corporation to establish outlets for its product or service without making enormous capital investmentsHe needs an outlet for all that pent-up anger2．纯生词复习Deposit [di'pɔzit] Vt./n. 存款,沉淀Save account 银行账户Laundry ['lɔ:ndri] n. 洗衣店, 洗衣, 要洗的衣服Transaction [træn'zækʃən] n. 交易, 执行, 办理Yacht [jɔt] n./Vt. 游艇/驾游艇, 乘游艇custom-build car 按买主要求制造的汽车Suspend [səs'pend] Vt. 吊, 悬挂; 暂停, 悬浮, 中止Lay off v.解雇, 停止, 关闭, 休息Savings bond 储蓄公债Popcorn ['pɔpkɔ:n] n. 爆米花adj. （无艺术含量或智慧的事物）流行的storage warehouse 仓库aroma [ə'rəumə] n. 浓香, 香气Beauty salon n. 美容院snack bar 快餐柜, 小吃店Barbecue ['bɑ:bikju:] n.烤肉, 烧烤, 烤架v.烤炙Intangible [in'tændʒəbl] adj.难以明了的, 无形的n.无形的东西Stationery ['steiʃənəri] n.文具, 信笺Lubrication [lu:bri'keiʃən] n. 润滑Retail ['ri:teil] n.零售vt.零售, 传述adv.以零售形式adj.零售的Promote [prə'məut] vt.促进, 提升, 升迁, 发起, 促销Billboard ['bilbɔ:d] n. 广告牌vt. 宣传real estate agent 房地产经纪人Copywriter ['kɔpiraitə] n.广告文字撰写人cashiers [kæ'ʃiə] n.出纳员, 收银员vt.解职, 丢弃dealer ['di:lə] n.商人, 经销商, 发牌者, 毒品贩子Distribution [distri'bju:ʃən] n.分布, 分发, 分配, 散布, 销售量Conception [kən'sepʃən] n.概念, 观念, 构想, 怀孕Patronage ['pætrənidʒ] n. 赞助, 光顾, 任免权Hay fever 花粉热, 干草热Pollen ['pɔlin] n.花粉vt.授粉给Purchase ['pə:tʃəs] vt.购买n.购买, 购买的物品n.紧握,支点Consumption [kən'sʌmpʃən] n.消费, 消耗, 肺痨Lumber ['lʌmbə] n. 木材, 木料v. 伐木vi. 缓慢地移动vt. 拖累Wholesaler ['həul'seilə] n.批发商Entrepreneur [ɔntrəprə'nə:] n.企业家, 承包商,主办者Oil refining 炼油Frontier ['frʌntjə] n.边界, 边境, 尖端, 边缘rugged ['rʌgid] adj.高低不平的,衣裳褴褛的,粗鲁的, (气候)严酷的, (声音)刺耳的,坚固耐用的Theme [θi:m] n.主题, 题目, 主旋律prevail [pri'veil] vi.盛行, 获胜, 劝说indolence ['indələns] adj.懒散, 懒惰; 无痛Inspire [in'spair] vt.鼓舞, 激发, 产生, 赋予...灵感vi.吸入Appeal to 对 ... 产生吸引力, 呼吁, 恳求, 申诉Trait [treit] n.特征, 特点, 少许, 一笔Admire [əd'maiə] vt.钦佩, 赞美, 羡慕Acquire [ə'kwaiə] vt.获得, 学到, 取得Undisputed ['ʌndis'pju:tid] adj.无可置辩的, 无异议的, 确实的Skyscraper ['skaiskreipə] n. 摩天楼, 超高层大楼; 特别高的东西Symphony Orchestra 交响乐团Prosperity [prɔs'periti] n. 繁荣, 成功, 幸运mechanical [mi'kænikəl] adj.机械的, 力学的, 呆板的n.(供制版用的)样书,版面设计Apprentice [ə'prentis] n.学徒, 见习生v.使当学徒Operate ['ɔpəreit] v.操作, 运转, 经营, 动手术Signify ['signifai] vt.表示, 预示, 意味着, 象征vi.有重要性Conscious ['kɔnʃəs] adj.神志清醒的, 意识到的, 自觉的, 有意的n.意识Internal combustion engine 内燃机Mass-produce [mæsprə'du:s] vt. 大量生产Dignity ['digniti] n.尊严, 高贵, 端庄Robot ['rəubɔt] n.机器人, 机械呆板的人,自动机,（非洲南部）自动交通信号灯Outskirt ['autskə:t] n.郊区（常用复数）Disperse [dis'pə:s] v.分散, 散开Gulf [gʌlf] n.海湾, 鸿沟vt.吞没Sector ['sektə] n.部门, 部分, 区域n.[计]扇形, 扇区vt.使分成部分Characteristic [kæriktə'ristik] n.特点, 特性, 特色adj.典型的, 特有的Interior [in'tiəriə] adj.内地的, 国内的, 内部的n.内部, 内在Decorate ['dekəreit] v.装饰, 布置, 装修, 授予某人奖章或其他奖状Accountant [ə'kauntənt] n.会计人员, 会计师Architect ['ɑ:kitekt] n.建筑师n.【喻】缔造者, 创造者Liability [aiə'biliti] n.责任, 债务, 倾向, 可能性, 不利因素Collapse [kə'læps] v.倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解, 折叠n.倒塌, 崩溃, 暴跌out of the question adj.不可能的，不值得考虑的Maximum ['mæksiməm] n.最大量, 最大限度, 最高点adj.最高的, 最大极限的Transfer [træns'fə:] v.转移, 调任, 转乘n.迁移, 移动, 换车, 汇兑subscribe [səb'skraib] vt.认购,订阅, 签名, 支持, 捐赠, 同意Participated [pɑ:'tisipeit] vi.参加, 参与vt.分享Arctic Circle n. 北极圈Bonanza [bəu'nænzə] n.富矿带, 带来好运的事物, 暴富之源Conglomerate [kən'glɔmərit] n.联合企业, 密集体, 城郊混合区,[地]砾岩vt.使聚集, 使结成,结合Dairy ['dɛəri] n.牛奶场, 乳品店, 乳制品, 地方小店adj.牛奶的, 乳制品的At the expense of 以 ... 作为代价在损害...的情况下step up 增加, 加快, 提升, 升高（电压）, 站出来Average ['ævəridʒ] n.平均数, 平均水平adj.平均的, 一般的, 通常的v.达到平均水平Levy ['levi] n.征税, 召集vt.征收, 发动vi.强收Bar [bɑː] n. 棒, 条; 闩, 横杠; 条状物; 障碍v. 闩住; 阻塞; 封锁; 阻拦Exclusive [iks'klu:siv] adj.排外的, 独占的, 奢华的n.独家新闻, 独权adj. 高价的, 时髦的Outlet ['autlet] n.出路, 出口, 通风口, 批发商店, <美>电源插座一．词汇题汇总复习（10+10+8+8+10+8+10+9）1. Mail a letter to order some books (ask for订购)2. What line of business is he in (area 部份)3. At this time you probably would have difficulty in giv ing a clear-cut explanation of business (definite 清楚的)4. Each of these instances illustrates the meaning of business (explains解释)5. Few families keep on hand enough food and other essentials for more than a brief period (short 短的)6. If just one phase of business, such as transportation, were to suspend operations (aspect 方面)7. And with the loss in wages, families would have to curtail their buying (cut down 削减)8. and the nation are functioning smoothly can there be prosperity for everyone (wealth 繁荣)9. For the business owner business activities offer the opportunity to render a services (provide 提供)10. Because it furnishes the things we use (supplies 提供)11. Some products are used …tools an auto mechanic uses in servicing a car (examining and repairing 检修)12. The patrons are greeted at the movie theatre with the sight, sound, and aroma…(customer 顾客)13. Services are intangible and perishable (unendurable不能持久的)14.Your first glimpse of marketing on our imaginary tour may be a store that sells food (quick look 快速看)15. Some stores feature one special kind of food, such as health foods, cheese, or…. (specialize in 限制)16.Some of these activ ities are promoting, pricing, distributing (fix ing the price 定价)17. Drive back to down and you may see a new car-wash… take advantage of the bargain (discount 折扣)18. Activities like buying gasoline for one’s car or purchasing a book are business transactions (dealing 交易)19. Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception (carrying out 实现)20. Market is the process to bring about exchanges that satisfy individual … objectives (goals 目标)21. Primary buying…select one type, kind, or class of merchandise or serv ice rather another (commodities 商品)22. The primary reason for the purchase of the air conditioner is to remove pollen from the air (buying 购买)23. The primary reason is to remove p… to give relief from the symptoms of hay fever (changes in body 症状)24. There are many reasons for…price quality, versatility, convenience, durability (multi-uses 多功能)25. A customer …may rationalize that the old one is no longer effective (justify the purchase by thinking购买依据)26. Such as a disposable blade razor (a blade razor that is used once and then thrown away 一次性刀片)27. Customers often act on impulse (without planning in advance 冲动的,无提前计划)28. The salesperson who is … with a strong conviction toward the product must…(belief信服)29. You had to use selling skills to persuade the owner to let you use it (beg earnestly 真诚的劝服)30. You are trying to convince people that you have good ideas and will provide…(Cause … to believe使…确信)31. You can purchase a pair of jeans from a department store ... a women’s or men’s apparel shop (clothing 衣服)32. You ... a specialty store or a discount store (a store where special kinds of products are available特种商店)33. … you need to be familiar with some basic facts about each segment of the American economy (part 部份)34. The role of selling in our society is to identify and provide the goods and …. ( find out 找到)35. When a business’s sales decline, the company usually reduces the number of its employees (decrease 降低)36. They should offer sincere, honest, friendly, and courteous service to customers (polite 有礼貌的)37. The organization man is seen as… of American values but still commands great respect (call forth嬴)38. They ended as the heads of huge companies which earned enormous fortunes (money 财富)39. The heroes of the early frontier days went into the vast wildness of the United State…(wasteland 荒地)40. The entrepreneur, like the earlier hero of the frontier was seen as a “rugged individual”(tough 艰难的)41. The central theme of Alger’s novels is about the rise of a city or farm boy“from rags to riches” (subject 主题)42. Dick was a hard-working shoeshine boy, energetic and on the alert for business (watchful 注意)43. Energy and industry are rewarded, and indolence suffers (continual hard work勤劳)44. They continue to be inspired by the idea of earning wealth and success as an entrepreneur… (influenced影响)45. What appeals to most Americans it the entrepreneur’s strong dislike of submitting to higher… (y ielding 屈服)46. The entrepreneur was the sole and undisputed captain of his business (accepted 公认的)47. Detroit has some of the most beautiful…some of the most shocking slums (poor neighborhoods 贫民窟)48. Right on the edge of the downtown area is the waterfront of the city (border 边缘)49. Model A was much more comfortable than the open, wind-swept Model T (exposed to the wind 被风吹的)50. General Motors , is an amalgamation of Chevrolet, Cadillac, Oldsmobile and Buick (combination 结合)51. In an oil crisis an outsized car is disadvantage (a car larger than its kind 一个大号的)52. US cannot produce nearly enough to suit her multifarious needs (many and varied—both A and B多样性)53. The total mileage traveled by American motorists in one year is about one … miles (distance in miles 英时数)54. As part of the program of energy conservation….they can only take unleaded gas (gas without lead 除铅)55. The type of business unit which is described is sole trader (or sale proprietor) is one … (owner 所有者)56. The type of sole trader business is often found in retailing …. (Selling small quantities of goods 零售)57. A partner who contributes more capital will receive a bigger share of the profits (invest 投资)58. In “limited” partnerships, a partner can limit his liability to the amount he contributes (responsibility 责任)59. Another disadvantage of partnerships is that conflict between partners can wreck the company (ruin 破坏)60. For the very large organization of modern…needed and the potential losses which might … (possible 可能的)61. This guarantees that the people who invest in the company will not more than the amount… (promises 担保)62. The public limited company can appeal to the public to subscribe capital (request要求)。

国际商务英语复习资料

国际商务英语复习资料国际商务英语复习资料在当今全球化的时代，国际商务英语的重要性日益凸显。

无论是从事国际贸易、跨国公司工作，还是希望扩大自己的职业发展空间，掌握国际商务英语都是必不可少的。

为了帮助大家更好地复习和掌握国际商务英语知识，本文将提供一些复习资料和方法。

一、商务词汇商务词汇是国际商务英语的基础，掌握一定的商务词汇是进行商务交流的前提。

在复习过程中，可以通过背单词、阅读商务文章等方式来积累商务词汇。

此外，还可以使用商务英语词汇书籍、在线词汇工具等辅助工具来巩固记忆。

二、商务写作商务写作是国际商务英语的重要组成部分。

在商务写作中，要注意使用正式、准确的语言表达自己的观点和意见。

在复习过程中，可以通过模仿商务邮件、商务报告等文档来提升自己的商务写作能力。

同时，也可以阅读商务英语写作指南，学习商务写作的常用句型和表达方式。

三、商务口语商务口语是进行商务交流的重要方式。

在商务口语中，要注意语速、语调、表达清晰等方面。

在复习过程中，可以通过与他人进行商务对话、模拟商务谈判等方式来提升自己的商务口语能力。

同时，也可以参考商务英语口语教材，学习商务口语的常用表达和场景对话。

四、跨文化交际国际商务英语不仅仅是语言的学习，还包括了跨文化交际的能力。

在国际商务交流中，不同的文化背景和价值观会对商务活动产生影响。

在复习过程中，可以通过学习不同国家的商务礼仪、文化差异等来提升自己的跨文化交际能力。

同时，也可以参加国际商务交流活动，与外国商务人士进行交流，亲身感受跨文化交际的挑战和机遇。

五、实践应用复习国际商务英语不仅仅是理论的学习，更重要的是能够将所学知识应用到实践中。

在复习过程中，可以通过参加商务英语角、进行商务模拟演练等方式来锻炼自己的实践应用能力。

同时，也可以参与国际商务项目、实习等机会，将所学知识运用到实际工作中，提升自己的实际操作能力。

总结起来，国际商务英语的复习资料包括商务词汇、商务写作、商务口语、跨文化交际等方面。

BEC剑桥商务英语期末复习资料

Unit11.electric 激动的，刺激的2.throw/cast new light on…提供线索、情况，帮助弄清楚4.赠票Complimentary ticket5.交易会将延期一周左右开幕。

The trade fair will be put back a week or so.请尽快回复我的电话。

Please get back to me asap.6.sole: being the only one; only 唯一的eg: Practice is the sole criterion of truth.Unit21.sole: being the only one; only 唯一的eg: Practice is the sole criterion of truth.2.alike: in the same or a similar manner adj/adv相似的/一样地eg: They are much alike in character.3.evolve/evolution: develop gradually逐步发展evolve into:发展成；evolve from:由...进化/发展eg: It evolved into a big company.Popular music evolved from folk songs.4.interior design: indoor design and decoration室内装修5.dine: give dinner to; host for dinner 进餐，宴请6.semi-private 半私人的/半私有的7.mezzanine：intermediate floor just above the ground floor中间层/夹楼8.catering requipment: requirement of providing food and services用餐要求cater for: to provide food, services, etc 供9.spare:save or relieve from an experience or action节省，省去10.chit-chat: informal chat/conversationUnit31．Inflow: all the money coming into the company2．Outflow: all the money going out of the company3．over-tradingto figure out a quicker way ofturning those sales into cashmarginsTurnoverTo finance贸易透支找到销售变现(把销售额变成现金)的快捷方法利差,毛利营业额融资，筹措.return 赢利，利益，汇报，报告business returns营业收入annual returns年度报告small profits and quick returns薄力多销publicity宣传，宣扬；公开；广告；关注；名声bonus points (消费）积分loyalty scheme忠实（顾客）奖励计划brand loyalty顾客对品牌的忠诚air miles=air mails awards里程奖remainder 剩余物a shortage of cash 现金短缺average monthly turnover 平均月营业额financing cost 融资成本cash on delivery 货到付款pay in 3 installments 分期付款（三次）margin 利润order books 订货本penalty 处罚/罚金CF from operating activities经营活动产生的现金流量CF from investing activities投资活动产生的现金流量CF from financing activities筹资活动产生的现金流量Capital expenditure 资本开支Depreciation 折旧(sales) turnover营业额early settlement discount 提前付款折扣labor cost 劳动力成本Credit sales赊帐销售Collection policy/collection period 收款期Tighten credit policy 收紧赊帐Loosen credit policy 放宽赊帐Cash receipt 现金收讫Cash disbursement 现金支出Day-to-day operation 日常营运credit terms 信用期限outstanding 剩余的outstanding balance 剩余金额Sporty 轻便的,运动型的Extra 额外费用Advert 广告，宣传Monthly service contract包月Different tarrifs at different times of the day不同时段的收费One-year all inclusive package包年套餐Kitchen appliances 厨房家电Ozone layer 臭氧层CFC chlorofluorocarbon 含氯氟Make 品牌;型;样式 a well-known makeenvironmental-friendliness user-friendlinessown-label clothingcut-priceretail food market mortgagesavings accountestate agent 对环境无害用户使用方便贴自己品牌的服装削价的食品零售市场(住房)按揭，抵押储蓄帐户房产商bonus pointsloyalty schemebrand loyaltyair miles=air mails awards vouchertarget customer customer-focused （消费）积分忠实（顾客）奖励计划顾客对品牌的忠诚里程奖优惠奖券销售对象，目标客户以顾客为中心的No-claims discount = no-claims bonus无索赔折扣/奖金:An amount subtracted from the money paid to an insurance company, because no claims have been made for a particular period.Within days:don’t need to wait for a very long time 几天内Fixed rate固定利率Reward points 奖励积分Cover 给...上保险。

202X年商务英语期末考试重要知识点

千里之行，始于足下。

202X年商务英语期末考试重要知识点202X年商务英语期末考试重要知识点一、商务英语基础知识商务英语是指在商务活动中使用的英语，主要包括商务交流和商务写作两个方面。

商务英语的基础知识包括商务词汇、商务语法、商务写作等。

商务词汇：包括商务名词、商务动词、商务形容词等，如trade（贸易）、export（出口）、import（进口）、negotiation（谈判）、contract（合同）等。

商务语法：包括时态、语态、语气、句型等，如一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等，被动语态、完成时等。

商务写作：商务写作包括商务信函、商务报告、商务备忘录、商务演讲等，要注意写作的结构、用词、语法等。

二、商务会议和谈判商务会议和谈判是商务英语中常见的场景，关键知识点包括会议和谈判的流程、用语、技巧等。

商务会议：会议的类型、召开会议的流程、会议的议程、会议的开场白、主持会议的技巧、会议的总结和回顾等。

商务谈判：谈判的准备工作、谈判的策略、谈判的技巧、谈判的用语等。

第1页/共3页锲而不舍，金石可镂。

三、商务信函和邮件商务信函和邮件是商务英语中常见的写作形式，关键知识点包括信函和邮件的格式、用语、语法等。

商务信函：信函的格式、信函的头部、信函的称呼、信函的正文、信函的结尾、信函的附件等。

商务邮件：邮件的格式、邮件的主题、邮件的正文、邮件的附件、邮件的回复等。

四、商务报告和演讲商务报告和演讲是商务英语中常见的写作形式，关键知识点包括报告和演讲的结构、用词、语法等。

商务报告：报告的结构、报告的目的、报告的内容、报告的语言风格等。

商务演讲：演讲的结构、演讲的目的、演讲的内容、演讲的技巧等。

五、商务英语口语商务英语口语是在商务交流中使用的口语表达，关键知识点包括常见的商务口语表达、场景对话、礼貌用语等。

常见商务口语表达：提供服务、预订机票、接待客人、介绍产品、商量约会等。

场景对话：商务接待、商务洽谈、电话交流、商务会议等。

商务英语泛读4考试重点

1.Accelerates: speed up使...促进生长，促进2.Annulled:canceled宣告无效，取消3.Augments:increase增加，提高，扩大4.Banal:uninteresting陈腐的，平庸的5. Breach：break6.Clandestine：secret 秘密plement：supply what is lacking in补充8.Conjures up:brings to mind 使想起9.Capitalizing:taking advantage of 利用10.Edification:moral improvement教导，启发11.Grace:favor恩赐12.Incremental:increasing in a regular way 增加的13.Intriguing：fascinating 迷人的14.Ludicrous：foolish 可笑的，愚蠢的15.Paralyzed：made ineffective 瘫痪的16.Perception：awareness 知觉，洞察力17.Panacea：cure-all 灵丹妙药18.Preeminent：outstanding19.Provoked：caused激起，挑衅20.Repository:storehouse 仓库，贮藏室21.Requisite：needed22.Resentful：angry and bitter 感到愤恨的23.Static：steady 静止的，不变的24.Suppressed：crushed被抑制的25.Stress：pressure 压力26.Severs:cut(s)切断27.Stationary:fixed 固定的，不动的28.Turf：territory 地盘，活动范围领域29.Veracity：truthfulness 诚实30.Warped:taking advantage of 利用1.1. Burn the midnight oil: to work or study until late at night熬夜工作，开夜车2. Hit the books: to study in a serious way严肃地读书、学习3. Do back-breaking work: to do very difficult physical work4. Work like a dog: to work hard and seriously5. Fall down on the job: to fail to do well6. Work one's fingers to the born: to study hard7. Be a breeze: to be something that is very easy to do8. Be easy as pie: to be very easy9. Have two left feet: to be very clumsy笨手笨脚的10. Have a green thumb: to be good at making plants grow擅长园艺11. Have a golden touch: 有财运12. Have a nose for something: to be naturally good at finding and recognizing something天生擅长寻找识别某物13. Down to earth: to stop behaving or living in a way that is not practical放弃幻想，回归现实14. Show off15. Put on airs：装腔作势16. Think one is God's gift to mankind: 自命不凡17. Put someone in someone's place: to show someone that they are not as clever or important as they think they are煞某人的气焰18. Blow one's own horn: to praise yourself for your own achievements自吹自擂、自夸19. Bury the hatchet: to agree to stop arguing about something and become friends again重归于好20. Button one's lips:住嘴21. Flow with the tide22. Hold one's tongue: 闭嘴23. Let sleeping dogs lie: 别惹他，别惹麻烦，别惹事生非24. Mind one's own business25. Rock the boat：捣乱26. See eye to eye: agree with somebody27. Face up to something28. Leave someone high and dry: 使孤立无援，陷入困境29. Pass the buck: to try to blame someone else or make them responsible for something that you should deal with推诿责任30. Point one's finger at someone：指责、责怪某人31. Shoulder the responsibility32. Worm out of something: to avoid doing something that you have been asked to do by making an excuse that is dishonest but clever33. All or nothing：要么全部，要么一点也没有34. Give-and-take: a willingness between two people or groups to understand each other, and to let both of them have some of the things they want 互相忍让35. Stick to one's guns：固执己见36. Meet someone halfway：迎合某人37. Middle-of-the-road：中间派38. Find middle ground：寻求中间立场39. Go through with: to do something you had promised or planned to do, even though it causes problems or you are no longer sure you want to do it.40. Hang in there: to remain brave and determined when you are in a difficult situation41. Give up42. Stick with43. Sweat out: to continue to do something until it is finished, even though it is difficult44. Be a copycat无创造性的模仿者45. Be a yes-man唯命是从的人46. Be on one's own自己做决定47. Stand on one's own feet——be self-reliant or rely on yourself48. Cut the apron strings：摆脱妻子的束缚49. Have a mind of one's own：有主见50. Lead someone by the nose：牵着某人的鼻子走51. Be hot-headed：性格急躁的52. Blow up: to become very angry with someone53. Count to ten: 使自己平静下来54. Grit one's teeth: to use all your determination to continue in spite of difficulties55. Reach the boiling point56. Hold one's temper按捺住性子，忍住气57. Be down in the dumps: to feel depressed58. Feel blue: to feel sad59. Be in seventh heaven: to be very happy60. Be on top of the world: 心满意足61. Be on cloud nine: to be very happy about something62. Walk on air:得意洋洋63. Be out of sorts be tickled pink: to be very happy。

商务英语本科期末考试重点复习资料

商务英语本科期末考试重点复习资料Unit 11、tariff n. 关税，关税表，关税率A tax on imported items, computed as a percentage of the import value;China imposes tariffs on automobiles, electronic equipment, cosmetics, etc;2、equilibrium n. 平衡，均衡【同balance】(Economics)a situation in which supply and demand are matched and prices stable.一般均衡general Equilibrium局部均衡partial Equilibrium国际收支平衡Equilibrium in the balance of payments3、futures n. 期货【commodity futures 商品期货】goods and stocks sold for future deliveryA contract to buy or sell a specified amount of a commodity or financial instrument at an agreed price at a set date in the future.4、The reasons for international trade:The uneven distribution of natural resourcesInternational specializationDifferent Patterns of demand among nationsEconomies of scaleInnovation or variety of style5、OPEC=Organization of (the) Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国家组织IBA=Independent Broadcasting Authority 英国独立广播机构phosphate cartel（磷酸盐同业联盟）;tin cartel（锡同业联盟）Commodity Cartels 商品联盟6、tangible adj. 可触知的，有形的【反intangible】7、portfolio n. 有价证券财产目录The group of assets, such as stocks, bonds, mutual held by an investor.Portfolio investment证券投资8、licensing agreements许可证协议contract giving someone the legal right to use a patent or trademark franchise agreements特许经销协议9、FDI=Foreign direct investment 外国直接投资ownership of asset abroad and can take the form of either direct or portfolio investment.ME=Multinational Enterprises 跨国公司（MNC=MultiNational Corporation 跨国公司）? A firm that owns business operations in more than one country10、Question: comparative advantage refers to the advantages based on the comparison between countries?Unit 21、access n. 接近；通路the means or opportunity to approach or enter a placeMarket access（市场准入）for goods in the WTO means the conditions, tariffand non-tariff measures, agreed by members for the entry of specific goodsinto their markets.2、Validity n. 有效；合法性The term of validity 有效期间3、carrier n. 搬运人；从事运输业的人（或）公司An organization that transports products or services using its facilities;4、Underwriter n. 担保人；保险商A company assumes the cost risk of death, illness, fire, theft, etc., in exchange for payments;5、Arbitration n. 控诉；打官司An informal hearing regarding a dispute6、Certificate n. 证明书、执照、单据Certificate of deposit;CPA (certificated public accountant注册会计师)7、Invoice n. 发票A detailed list of goods shipped or services rendered, with an account of all costs; an itemized bill.8、Insurance policy保险单Certificate of origin产地证书Inspection certificate检验证Packing list包装单9、FAS=Free Alongside Ship 装运港船边交货10、Incoterm 2000=international commercial terms 2000年国际贸易术语解释通则11、FOB=Free on Board 装运港船上交货FOB HK12、L/C=Letter of Credit 信用证L/C is a commitment, usually by a bank on behalf of client, to pay a beneficiarya stated amount of money under specified conditions. 信用证是银行作出的有条件的付款承诺，即银行根据开证申请人的请求和指示，向受益人开具的有一定金额，并在一定时期内凭规定的单据承诺付款的书面文件。

bec商务英语复习资料

bec商务英语复习资料BEC商务英语复习资料商务英语考试（BEC）是一项旨在评估个人在商务环境中的英语语言能力的考试。

对于那些希望在国际商务领域取得成功的人来说，通过BEC考试是一项重要的成就。

本文将为您提供一些BEC商务英语复习资料，帮助您更好地准备考试。

第一部分：商务英语听力商务英语听力是BEC考试的重要组成部分。

在这一部分中，考生需要听取商务场景的对话和讲话，并回答相关问题。

为了提高听力能力，考生可以通过以下方式进行复习：1. 听商务英语广播和播客：商务英语广播和播客提供了大量真实的商务场景对话和讲话。

通过反复听取这些材料，考生可以熟悉商务英语的用词和表达方式。

2. 参加商务英语听力训练班：有许多培训机构提供商务英语听力训练班，通过参加这些班级，考生可以接受专业的指导和训练，提高自己的听力技巧。

第二部分：商务英语阅读商务英语阅读是BEC考试的另一个重要组成部分。

在这一部分中，考生需要阅读商务文档，如报告、公告和邮件，并回答相关问题。

以下是一些提高商务英语阅读能力的方法：1. 阅读商务新闻和杂志：商务新闻和杂志提供了大量的商务英语材料。

考生可以通过阅读这些材料，了解商务领域的最新动态，并提高自己的阅读理解能力。

2. 解答商务英语阅读理解题：商务英语阅读理解题可以帮助考生熟悉考试题型，并提高自己的解题能力。

考生可以通过解答真实的商务英语阅读理解题，熟悉常见的问题类型和解题技巧。

第三部分：商务英语写作商务英语写作是BEC考试的另一个重要组成部分。

在这一部分中，考生需要根据给定的商务场景，撰写报告、备忘录或邮件等商务文档。

以下是一些提高商务英语写作能力的方法：1. 阅读商务英语写作指南：商务英语写作指南提供了撰写商务文档的基本规范和技巧。

考生可以通过阅读这些指南，了解商务英语写作的要求，并提高自己的写作能力。

2. 练习商务英语写作：考生可以通过练习写商务文档，如报告、备忘录和邮件，来提高自己的写作能力。

商务英语期末考试重要知识点.（推荐阅读）

商务英语期末考试重要知识点.（推荐阅读）第一篇：商务英语期末考试重要知识点.第一题翻译选择;第二题短语互译;第三题阅读;第四题完型填空1.Rising damp, if not treated effectively, could in time cause extensive damage to the structure of your home, ruin decoration and furniture.如果处理不当,墙内潮气最终可能会对房屋的结构造成大面积破坏,毁掉装修和家具。

2.This contract is entered into as of the seventh day of March, 2002, by and between Lonk Co.Ltd., a corporation organized under the laws of the United States of America(hereinafter called t he “Purchaser”, and Wingo Co.Group, a corporation organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China(hereinafter called the “Seller”.本合同由依照美国法律成立的龙科有限公司 [以下简称买方 ]和依照中华人民共和国法律成立的文果集团公司 [以下简称卖方 ]之间于 2002年 3月 7日订立。

3.Multinational bank's services include issuing letter of credit, buying and selling foreign exchange, issuing banker's acceptances, accepting Eurocurrency deposits, making Eurocurrency loans, and assisting in the marketing of Eurobonds.跨国银行提供的服务包括开立信用证、买卖外汇、开证行承兑、接受欧洲货币储存、提供欧洲货币贷款以及发行推销欧洲货币债券。

国际商务英语复习资料

国际商务英语复习资料国际商务英语是指在全球范围内从事商业交易时所必须使用的英语。

随着全球化的发展，商务交流的范围和频率不断增加，因此学习国际商务英语就显得尤为重要。

以下是一些国际商务英语的复习资料。

一、商务英语词汇商务英语中常用的词汇包括：合同、报价、采购、销售、运输、保险、货款、退税、仓储、质检、市场调研、营销策划等。

其中，一些重要的词汇需要掌握其中英文对照，如：报价-quotation，采购-procurement，销售-sale，运输-transportation，保险-insurance，货款-payment，退税-tax refund，质检-quality inspection，市场调研-market research，营销策划-marketing plan。

熟练掌握这些词汇可以帮助我们更清楚地理解商务文档中的内容。

二、商务信函写作商务信函是国际商务交流中必不可少的形式。

良好的商务信函不仅可以传达准确的信息，还可以展示企业的专业形象。

商务信函主要分为询价信、报价信、订货信、发货信、付款信、索赔信等。

对于不同类型的信函，其结构和语言表达也应该有所差异。

在写商务信函时，需要注意语言表达清晰、客观、礼貌、得体。

同时，需要把握好信函的结构，包括称呼、主体、结尾等部分，以达到有效传达信息的目的。

三、商务会谈口语商务会谈是国际商务交流中最为常见的形式。

在商务会谈中，除了需要准确的英语表达外，还需要注意交际礼仪等细节。

商务会谈中需要掌握的词汇包括：问候、自我介绍、说明会谈目的、提出问题、回答问题、提出合作方案等。

此外，对于商务会谈中可能出现的文化差异和语言障碍，需要提前做好准备。

四、商务演示文稿商务演示文稿是国际商务交流中展示企业形象和推销产品的重要形式。

在商务演示文稿中，需要掌握一些重要的表达方式和技巧，如重点突出、逻辑清晰、简明扼要、举例说明等。

此外，还需要注意语言表达和PPT设计的美学效果，以营造出具有吸引力的演示效果。

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商务英语泛读期末复习资料<单词部分>Workshop:讲习班Intensive:速成Profile(+about):简介Immediate boss:顶头上司Exclusive:独家Distributor：经销商Franchised:特许经营Entrepreneur:企业家Performance:业绩Consolidate:稳固Wholesaler:批发商Retailer:零售商Warehouse:仓库Quotas:配额Manufacturers:生产者，制造商Prompts:提示Receipt:收货Printer Cartridges:墨盒Jacuzzi:按摩浴缸Hair Dryer：电吹风Suite:套房Imperiod Suite：皇室套房Honey Suite：蜜月套房Suite Deluxe:高级套房Master Suite：高级套房Junior Suite :普通套房Penthouse:楼房套房Luxury:奢华Provisional:暂定Cylinder:圆珠笔Penalty(=Fine):罚款Graffiti:涂鸦Capacity:容量Voicemail:录音电话Closed Circuit Television(CCTV):闭路电视Pagers:寻呼机Smoke Detectors/Alarms:烟雾报警系统Barcode Scanners:条形码Briefing:简报Additive:添加剂Exceed:超额Crashing:死机Feasible:可行性Joint Venture:合资企业Sufficient:足够Winter Season Fashions:冬款Order Form:订单Extension Number:分机号码Flight Attendant:空姐，空少Unleaded Petrol:无铅汽油Hybrid:混合External Factors:外部因素Enternal Factors:内部因素Growth Philosophy:发展理念Innovative:新颖的Disposable:一次性的Favourable:有利的Workforce:劳动力State-Of-The-Art:最先进的<词组>A pay rise:加薪A pay cut:减薪Go Public:上市Upside down :上下颠倒Inside Down:内外颠倒Frontside Down:前后颠倒In The Coming Year:来年Solid Reputation:实实在在的荣誉Check In:办理登机手续Delicate To:专门Full Capacity:满负荷Financial Return :资金回笼Optical Cell:感应With a view to doing sth :打算做某事Logging Into:登入Logging Out/Off:登出PEST：客观环境的分析（Political Economic Social Technological）SWOT:内外部综合分析（Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat ）<职业>Chief Financial Officer (CFO):财务总监Personal Assistant(PA)：顾客咨询Sales Representative (rep):销售主管Freelancer:自由职业者Non-Profit Organization:公益组织Public Limited Company(PLC):上市股份公司Limited Company(Ltd):有限责任公司Sole Trader:个人独资Partnership:合伙人Self-Employed:个体经营Temping Job:临时工<公司业绩报告>Production Sales and Share Price 表示增长：V Increase Rise Grow Go up 程度：Moderately:温和的Steadily:稳步的Dramatically:迅猛的表示下降：V Decrease Fall Drop Decline 程度：Stightly:略微Gradually:逐步Steeply:急剧时间表示Quarter:季节，季度The First Two Quarters:前两个季度In The Third Quarter:第三个季度By The End Of The Year:年底之前For The Last Two Quarters:后两个季度For The Rest Of The Year :一年的剩余时间变化情况Level Off: 趋于··Remain Steady（+at）:保持稳定The Previous Level :以前的水平Sales Have Reached New Peak:销量又创新高Sales Started Pick Up After A Considerobe Drop:销量在大幅下降之后开始上升There was a sudden rise/increase/grow in costs of 40﹪:成本突然上涨了40﹪。

Or :The costs suddenly rose by 40﹪.Last year was an excellent year :去年情况良好The first two quarters were rather low:前两个季度相当缓慢This situation was reflected in our sales for last year:这种情况在我们去年的销售额中表现出来。

<Press Releases>SISSO PLCSISSO is pleased to announce the signing of a major new deal with a Japanese car manufacturer .The deal guarantees the future of both SISSO plants and is a symbol of SISSO growth philosophy.SISSO manufactures innovative high-quality seats and interiors for cars ,sport utility vehicles and vans .SISSO designs its components in close conjunction with the client ,guaranteeing satisfaction .With clients in both Europe and the USA, SISSO exports up to half of its production.<Complaint>Dear Mr Kahn:I am writing to complain about our stationery order of 12th March.Following my telephone conversation to your office on 21th March .I expected to receive the correct goods .however ,that was a week ago and we are still waiting for delivery .Could you please assure me that the order will be sent correctly and as soon as possible ? If not ,we will be forced to look for another supplier in the future . Yours sincerelyPetter Paxman商业书信实用表达1 I am writing to express my concern about dissatisfaction with/disappointment at….2 I would very much appreciate it if you would ….Or I would be most grateful it if you would3 I would like to see a primpt settlement of prompt .4 Please give this matter your immediate attention….<Invitation Confirming>To: Dave PrakashSubject:Hi Dave :I am just writing to confirm our meeting next Wednesday .I have booked a table at the Italian restaurant in Grey Street .It is quite quiet .So we can talk .I will see you in Reception at 12:30.Have a good weekend!Martina< Thanks letter>。

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