高考英语 专题复习 如何找主题句
找主题句的方法
找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。
找主题句的四个小窍门：(1)段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually等)时，该句很可能是主题(2)首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。
(3)作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
(4)表示总结或结论的话常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等。
典型例From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people...Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness...But only when we stop pretending we're brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that's in them.30.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.A Wheelchair Experience.B.Weakness and Kindness.C.Weakness and Strength.D.A Driving Experience解析：主旨大意题。
在第一段中，出现了表转折的But...可知，“But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people”便是主题句，再根据第二段最后一句可以确定，这句的确是主题句。
又因标题要简明、醒目，故选B。
答案：B1.(2013年高考)Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well. Fred Epstein，in his book If I Make It to Five，tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom，a fouryearold boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination…It doesn't mean that you should dress as a superhero for you next job interview. But，next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream.30.What is the purpose of the passage?A.To tell us an interesting story.B.To help us make right decisions.C.To advise us to care about children.D.To encourage us to use our imagination.解析：主旨大意题。
高考英语总复习专题攻略之完形填空解题方法与技巧
解题方法与技巧一、整体阅读抓住主题在做完形填空题前，第一要整体阅读，对全文迅速阅读一遍，认识文章的粗心，掌握文章的主题，并留意文中的重点词，认识这篇短文说什么，发生的时间、地址、文章的目的、作者的见解与态度等，这对于做好完形填空题能起到事半功倍的收效。
因此，认识文章的主题和粗心就显得十分重要。
人们常说‘看书先看皮，看报先看题’，这是由于书的封面和报纸的标题都能传达一本书和一篇文章的主题。
可是完形填空题所选短文一般都是没有标题的，那么要掌握文章的主题怎么办。
要找到文章的主题，第一要找到文章的主题句，由于主题句就能反应文章的主题。
文章老是围绕必然的主题张开的，而每一个段落则是说明主题的一个方面，归纳了一个段落的中心思想的句子就是主题句。
主题句经常出现在段首与段尾，在段首就是一段文章开头的一两句，在段尾就是文章的最后一句；因此阅读短文时，第一要细读段首与段尾；比较起来，主题句位于段首的比率更高一些，因此，首段的第一句或最后一句经常是主题句，它就是引领整篇文章的要旨，是文章的灵魂，因此要抓住不放。
作者要支持自己的见解，那么第二段就是作者围绕主题张开的正文。
以2000 年上海市秋季高考英语试卷完形填空为例：例 1Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. But according toDr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland University, parents should not 61(give)up reading to their children 62(after)they enter primary school. She says listening to, readingand discussing the stories help children’s 63(development).“My 64(research) indicates that once children can read themselves, mostparents stop reading 65(to) them,” Dr. Spreadbury says.“ 66(That) may be at the end of the Year 1,which is far too 67(early).”Dr. Spreadbury says 68(bedtime)reading not only gives children a good startat school, but brings parents and their children closer.“This makes it 69(easier) for them to open up and talk to parents about things that are worrying them, or things they are 70(celebrating) in their everyday life.从上述短文我们能够看出，‘ She says listening to, reading and discussing the stories help children ’s 63(development). ’是该短文的主题句，这是由于下面的三段都是围绕着这个主题张开的。
高考英语专题复习 如何找主题句课件PPT课件
Passage B
Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. Not a single teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time. The topic sentece is the last sentence .
Passage C Life in 2035 will be different from what it is today. For one thing, you will sleep later because your job will start later in the morning. Too, machines will do most of your routine work for you. Also, you will travel to work on a moving sidewalk. Furthermore, you will talk to your friends on a picture telephone. Finally, you will take longer vacations in more distant places since transportation will be so much faster and cheaper. Certainly all of us can look forward to many new advantages in the coming 30both years. The topic sentences are at the beginning and the end of a passage.
2025届高考英语阅读理解之主旨大意题解题策略及真题练习+课件
标 题
归
段落大意题 纳
文章大意题
题
主旨大意题(段落大意、文章大意、标题归纳) 旨在考查考生对段落大意或文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力 1.段落大意题 ① What does the author tell us in paragraph...? ② Which of the following can best summarize para....? ③ What is the...paragraph mainly about? 2.文章大意题 ① What’s the main idea/point of the passage? ② Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? ③ Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage? 3.标题归纳题 ① Which of the following is the best title of the passage? ② What would be the best title for the passage?
...“I was deeply attracted by the techniques. You can see why this bowl is so highly-valued from the very smooth porcelain body, silky glaze(上 釉 )and special blue coloring, which were never reproduced in later dynasties,” McAteer, an auction specialist, said...
专题 阅读理解主旨大意题---2023年高考英语二轮复习专题
recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
高考英语阅读主旨大意题解题技巧教师版
高考英语阅读专题之要旨粗心题对于要旨粗心题的高考考试说明每篇文章都会有一个要旨要义。
有时从文章第一个段落甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的要旨要义，从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描绘的是谁或什么（即文章的主题），亦会认识到作者希望读者认识主题方面的哪些容。
有时，作者没有明示文章的要旨要义，需要读者从文章的字里行间进行归纳和归纳。
一、要旨粗心题的命题形式这种试题包含要求考生选出短文的标题(title, headline) 、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea) 、作者的写作目的(purpose 或为传达信息、或为欢乐读者、或为论述某一道理)等。
这种题的设问方式主要有：(1)The subject of the passage/paragraph is ______.(2)The main idea of the passage/paragraph is ______.(3)The text is mainly about ______.(4)The passage mainly centers on ______.(5)The passage mainly tells about ______.(6)What is the subject discussed in the text?(7)What is the main idea of this passage?(8)What is the passage mainly about?(9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?(10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage?(13)What would be the best title for the text?(14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage?(15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be______(16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ______.(17)The writer's purpose in writing this story is ______.(18)What is the author's main purpose?(19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage?(20)The writer wrote the story in order to______.(21)What is the advice given in the text / passage / article?二、找寻主题句的方法正确的解答这种题目的重点是正确地找出文章的主题句。
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧导语：高考复习的重点一是要掌握所有的知识点，二就是要大量的做题，以下是小编为大家精心整理的高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧，欢迎大家参考！
阅读理解之主旨大意题
我们阅读一篇文章，首先是要了解其大意，明确其主旨。
因此，主旨大意题是常考题。
主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea, mainly about)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。
广东高考近
几年来考查过的题目中mainly about 只考过4 题，title 题考了5 题，purpose 题考了5 题。
解题技巧
1.弄清文章的大意，关键是找到主题句。
主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。
各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。
议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。
2.找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即
快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。
找主题句的四个小窍门：
(1)段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually 等)
时，该句很可能是主题句。
(2)首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。
(3)作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词
语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
(4)表示总结或结论的话常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude,。
【高考复习】高考英语书面表达实用技巧：确定主题句
【高考复习】高考英语书面表达实用技巧：确定主题句（一）掌握技巧：（1）注意文本结构和合理布局开始部分（openingparagraph）――说出文中的要点、核心问题。
正文段落——围绕主题进行叙述和讨论。
结尾部分（concludingparagraphs）――对全文的总结和概括。
为了实现全文的突出中心和段落之间的有机联系，内容必须完整连贯。
前后呼应，祛除与主题无关的内容。
（2）确定主题句主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。
它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。
通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。
写主题句时应注意以下几点：①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点。
② 摘录一个一般性的句子。
③主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者。
（二）熟练使用连接词要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词。
表示列表中出现了增加first,second,third,first,then/next,afterthat/next,finallyforonething…foranoth er…,on(the)onehand…ontheotherhand,besides/what’smore/inaddition/furthermore /moreover/another/also,especially/inparticular,时间顺序表示法now,atpresent,recently,after,afterwards,afterthat,afterawhile,inafewdays,atfir st,inthebeginning,tobeginwith,later,next,finally,immediately,soon,suddenly,allofasudden,atthatmoment,assoonas,themomentformnowon,fromthenon,atthesametime,me anwhile,till,not…until,before,after,when,while,asduring,意思是解释now,inaddition,forexample,forinstance,inthiscase,moreoverfurthermore,infact,ac tually表示一种转折关系but,however,while,though,or,otherwise,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,incontrast, despite,inspiteof,eventhough,except(for),instead,ofcourse,afterall,并列关系表明or,and,also,t oo,notonly…butalso,aswellas,both…and,either…or,neither…nor表示因果关系because,becauseof,since,nowthat,as,thanksto…,dueto…,therefore,asaresult(of), otherwise,so…that,such…that表示条件关系as(so)longas,onconditionthat,if,unless明示让步关系though,although,as,evenif,eventhough,whether…or…,however,whoever,whatever,wh ichever,wherever,whenever,nomatterhow(who,what,which,where,when,whom)举例说明forexample,forinstance,suchas…,take…forexample表达比较表示目的出于这个原因，出于这个目的，所以，表示强调事实上，事实上，毫无疑问，确实，显然，最重要的是，表示概括归纳总之，总的来说，一般来说，在我的小齿轮里，asfarasiknow，asweallknow，ashasbeenstated，ashasbeenstated，Ashaveshould，终于，至少，不一般，不确定，（三）掌握常用句型：1.为了为了实现他的梦想，他学习非常努力。
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
（4）首尾呼应
为突出主题, 作者先提出主题, 结尾时再次点出 主题, 这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为多见. 通 常, 前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复, 后面 的表述往往有进一步的引申或发展的意味.
（2）主题句也会出现在段尾。 作者先摆出事实依据，层层推理论证，最后自 然得出结论，即段落的主题。本段的中心思 想在结尾句得到体现，它是此段内容的结论。
Sample 3
Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand . A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.
Sample 5 (5) 从段落中寻找高频率词
任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此， 许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出 现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词
The passage is mainly about _____.
高中英语高三一轮复习：概要写作主题句寻找
一、前言二、关于主题句的概念1.什么是主题句？主题句是表达关于一个段落的中心思想的句子。
2.主题句的结构是什么？主题句的结构分为两部分，一是主题（topic），二是中心思想（controllingidea）。
这个意义上的主题也可以说成是话题或题目，总之是关于一个段落的大概的内容。
而中心思想（controllingidea）则是把这个段落涉及的大概的内容加以相应的限制或限定，使其不再宽泛地而是比较具体地聚焦于某一特定的方面。
如果说主题是面的话，中心思想则是这个面上的点。
此外，尤其需要注意的是，具有修饰或限定作用的词语在中心思想的表达中具有关键性的作用。
3.主题句处于段落的什么位置？通常主题句处于段首，即段落的第一句一般来说是主题句，但有的情况下，由于行文需要，主题句也可以处于段落的中间或结尾。
4.主题句的特征是什么？一般说来，主题句应该是能够表达特定的思想观点，具有概括评价性或非描述性表述，既不过于宽泛又不过于具体的，简明、清晰、准确和完整的句子。
5.主题句的作用是什么？从作者的角度看，主题句的主要作用之一是预设自己同时也预告读者要在这个段落中说什么、讨论什么、论述什么或论证什么。
从读者的角度看，读者可以根据主题句预测作者在这个段落所要写的大概内容。
因此，作者和读者，既写和读，通过主题句达成默契，传递和接受信息，分享和共享段落的中心思想。
三、主题句示例分析关于主题句构成和意义，可以从阅读和写作的两个角度看。
从阅读的角度看，我们可以从三个方面来判定一个句子是不是主题句。
首先，要看这句话是否表达了一个特定的可以围绕展开论述或论证的思想观点。
第二，要看这句话是否具有清晰的主题句结构，即主题（topic）和中心思想（controllingidea）。
第三，要看这句话是否是一个体现概括性和评价性的完整的句子，即句子是否简明、清晰和准确，是否包含比较明显的修饰性或限定性等关键词语。
如果一个句子满足了以上三个方面的条件就可以看作是一个段落的主题句，或置于句首、或置于句尾、或其它位置或等。
七选五之主题句、过渡句与细节句的确定策略(解析版)-备战2022年高考英语一轮复习考点微专题
考向63 七选五主题句/过渡句/细节句的确定策略考向1段首/段尾主题句【考法再现】1. 2020·全国卷Ⅰ·片段体裁：说明文主题语境：人与自我—完善自我、认识自我________ Do not follow the people who make you feel notgoodenough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.A. Feeling upset again?B. Where do you start?C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.D. Remember, you are only human.E. Set an intention for selfacceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with others.G. When does the comparison game start?答案与解析F段首主题句。
根据下文“Do not follow the people who make you feel notgoodenough.” 可知，作者告诫我们不要盲目追随那些比我们优越让我们感到不够好的人，即停止盲目攀比，因此该段主题句是“停止与他人攀比”，选项F“Stop comparing yourself with others.”可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。
错解分析本题易错选G。
G项的表述为“攀比游戏什么时候开始”，分析本段内容可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，要认识到自我的重要性和独特性。
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧(主旨大意题)
定额市鞍钢阳光实验学校高考阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧在高考阅读理解中，主旨大意题的考查占有十分重要的位置。
掌握所读材料的主旨和大意也是《英语课程》和《考试说明》对考生的基本要求之一。
只有通过阅读掌握了文章的主题，才能正确理解文章，进而根据文章的事实细节推测作者的态度和观点。
主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。
它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。
【设题类型】1、概括文章大意；2、选出最佳题目（标题）；3、概括人物特点。
【设问形式】1、标题类常见的标题型题干：1) The best title / headline for this passage might be_____________.2) The text (passage) could be entitled ______________.3) What is the best title for the passage?4) Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?2、大意类常见的主题型题干：1) This passage chiefly deals with ____________.2) What’s the topic of the article?3) What is the subject discussed in the text?4) With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned?考查考生对文章的主题、标题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。
高考英语阅读：理解主旨句解题必备方法+高考英语必备句子!
高考英语阅读：理解主旨句解题必备方法+高考英语必备句子!主旨题一般的解题方法是主旨句法，尽管有的文章是存在找不到主旨句的状况，但是这类题型一般都是可以用主旨句法来解决的。
以下是学习啦为大家编辑的高三英语学习方法内容，欢迎大家阅读!高考英语必备句子一、引出不同观点Peoples views on vary from person to person. Some hold that however, others believe that人们对的观点因人而异。
有些人认为，然而其他人却认为People may have different opinions on人们对可能会有不同的见解。
There are different opinions among people as to关于人们的观点大不相同。
二、结尾Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that把全部这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that考虑全部这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论Hence/ therefore, wed better come to the conclusion that因此，我们最好得出这样的结论三、提出建议It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。
It is time to take the advice of and to put special emphasis on the improvement of该是接受的建议，并对的进展赐予特别重视的时候了。
高中英语 高三二轮复习寻找主题句 巧解主旨大意题
2021届高三第二轮复习----高考阅读理解解题技巧寻找主题句，巧解主旨大意题主旨大意题是高考阅读理解必考的题型之一，也是考生难以把握的题型。
快速准确把握文章的主旨大意是考生必须掌握的重要的阅读理解技能。
主旨大意题主要包含三种类型：主要内容（main idea）型、文章标题（title）型和写作意图（purpose）型。
文章的主要内容较为详细地陈述文章的中心思想或作者的主要观点。
文章的标题简洁明了，简明扼要地概括文章的大意和话题，而且新颖有趣，能吸引读者的眼球。
写作意图实际上也是考查考生对文章的主要内容的理解，确定写作意图应该以文章的主旨大意为依据，有时写作意图题会考查考生对文章的体裁的理解。
若要破解这三类主旨大意题，则快速准确地找出段落或文章的主题句是关键。
一、主旨大意题的设题方式1.主要内容型(1)What’s the text mainly about?(2)What does the text mainly discuss?(3)What does this text mainly talk about?(4)What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?(5)The text is mainly about ______.2.文章标题型(1)What would be the best title for the text?(2)Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(3)The best title for the text would be _______.3.写作意图型(1)The main purpose of the text is to ________.(2)What’s the purpose of the text?(3)The text is most probably a _______.二、寻找段落主题句，把握段落主旨大意在一个段落中，表达作者主要观点的句子就是主题句。
高三英语备考素材阅读篇—阅读理解答题技巧
高考阅读理解应考技巧策略一、紧扣主旨大意高考英语阅读理解的主旨大意题主要是考查考生在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度的概括或总结的能力。
常见的设问方式有：●标题类：What's the best title/headline for the passage？●大意类：The text is mainly about__.The topic/subject discussed in the passage is _ .From the passage，we can conclude that _ .●作者意图类：What's the writer's purpose in writing the passage？针对主旨大意类型的题，考生可以掌握以下解题策略：把握文章逻辑结构，快速找出主题；寻找主题句，确定文章中心思想；将首段中心句和各段第一句话连接成一个整体，得出文章主题；逆向思维法解标题类问题。
一、把握文章逻辑结构，快速找出主题高考阅读理解文章的主要逻辑结构：1、时间顺序。
按时间先后顺序说明某一事件、某一理论的发展过程，属于这种结构的文章主题通常在首段或末段。
2、“总说-分述”结构。
首段做总的说明，其他段落分别说明或具体论述首段的观点，属于这种结构的文章主题在首段。
最典型的是新闻报道类文章，此类体裁的文章在近年高考阅读中逐渐增多。
一般这类文章都有固定格式：城市名称(新闻社)———新闻内容。
掌握一些国际知名新闻社的英文名称是必要的，路透社Reuters，美联社Associated Press，法新社Agence France Presse。
3、“分述-总说”结构。
前面几段分别说明，末段总结。
属于这种结构的文章主题在末段。
二、寻找主题句，确定文章中心思想不是所有的文章都有主题句，对于大部分有主题句的文章来说，主题句表达了文章的中心思想，找到了主题句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。
专题03 主旨题-备战2021年高考英语阅读理解秒杀思维和技巧
备战2021年高考英语阅读理解秒杀思维和技巧专题03 主旨题主旨题1．主旨题分为例子主旨、段落主旨、文章主旨、标题主旨。
而主旨题要找主题句，一般位于句首，或是在for example, first等逻辑词之前，在above all, all in all之后。
而标题提一定要找文章重复次数多的关键词，一篇文章关键词可能有两三个，不要只顾一个。
最后作者写作目的题常考的词：advise, convince, present, warn，inform, entertain, introduce等。
2．例子主旨题例子主旨题的识别证明：prove表明：show, indicate, illustrate为何提及why mention...下面哪个选项不是例子主旨题：A.MT’s test on young children indicated that____B. The example of the recorded message illustrates ____C. Why does the author mention “children are read a lot less for fun”?D. Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because____辨别例子“”/数字/大写字母下面那个是例子：A. Now, electronic shock training is helping to rescue the big birds .B. in the late 1980s, the 1ast few condors were taken from the wild .C. since 1992, there have been reintroductions to the wild, and more than 150 flying over California.D. “As they go to rest in the night, they just don't see the line.”said Bruce of the San Diego Zoo .口诀：找例子，例子前是答案例：(1)Breaking from conventional wisdom has led to many of the most innovative companies and products in history across many industries, so changing has a powerful effect on business success.Ted Turner (founder of CNN) knew little, if anything, about the news business, but he knew it was inconvenient to watch news only at the dinner hour, as was common before CNN. Turner's solution was to create a cable channel dedicated to news 24 hours a day. The news establishment reflected conventional wisdom at the time, and predicted his idea would fail because one wanted to watch the news all day. However, it doesn't take a rocket scientist to understand that viewers don't have to watch the news all day for CNN to work. Viewers just have to watch when they want to get information. Due to conventional thinking, the critics failed to recognize the opportunitythat was clear to Ted. They assumed that only what was familiar to them could work in the future.50. The founding of CNN is used as an example to proveA. missing opportunities could lead to failureB. watching news at the dinner hour is convenientC. changing could contribute to business successD. conventional wisdom influences business success例（2）Human children, on the other hand, are extremely corporative. From the earliest ages, they desire to help others and to participate in achieving common goals. The psychologist Michel Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of experiments with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.59. Michael Tomasello's tests on young children indicate that they .A. have the instinct to help othersB. know how to offer help to adultsC. know the world better than chimpsD. trust adults with their hands full例（3）Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies' world around them is shaped by physical sensations. Particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferre d to stay close to a cloth“mother”rather than one made of wire, ever, when thewire“mother”carried a food bottle. Harlow's work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.52. The author mentions Harlow's experiment to show thatA. adults should develop social skillsB. babies need warm physical contactC. caregivers should be healthy adultsD. monkeys have social relationships3．文章主旨题文章主旨题的识别概括文章的主要意思文章passage/text/article/story主要main/chief/major下列哪个是文章主旨题：(1) Why does the author mention " it "?(2) What is“a juicer” in the last paragraph ?(3) What is the passage mainly about ?(4) What is paragraph 5 mainly about ?文章主旨题的口诀①十字诀【常规款】：两首加一尾，因果加转折例（1）Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness (荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000. Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path,killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of DawsonCity — its present population is 762.27. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.②题目重复是答案24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favorable climate.25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.27. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.例（2）The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independen ce, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”32.What is the purpose of the Drivel AB?A. To explore new means of transport.B. To design new types of cars.C. To find out older driver`s problems.D. To teach people traffic rules.33.Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?A. It keeps them independent.B. It helps them save time.C. It builds up their strength.D. It cures their mental illnesses.34.What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?A. Improve their driving skills.B. Develop driver-assist technologles.C. Provide tips on repairing their cars.D. Organize regular physical checkups.35.What is the best title for the text?A.A new Model Electric CarB.A Solution to Traffic ProblemC. Driving Service for eldersD. Keeping Older Drivers on the Road例（3）Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children’s lives, and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.According to the report’s key findings, “the proportion (比例) who say they ‘hardly ever’read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to counsel(建议) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read.As the end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore.28. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about?A. Children’s reading habits.B. Quality of children’s books.C. Children’s after-class activities.D. Parent-child relationships.29. Where can you find the data that best supports "children are reading a lot less for fun"?A. In paragraph 2.B. In paragraph 3.C. In paragraph 4.D. In paragraph 5.30. Why do many parents limit electronic reading?A. E-books are of poor quality.B. It could be a waste of time.C. It may harm children’s health.D. E-readers are expensive.31. How should parents encourage their children to read more?A. Act as role models for them.B. Ask then to write book reports.C. Set up reading groups for them.D. Talk with their reading class teachers.Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.例（4）A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate（低估）a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, themonkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction（小部分）of the smaller number to it."This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they're doin g is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?A. They fed them.B. They named them.C. They trained them.D. They measured them.33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?A. By drawing a circle.B. By touching a screen.C. By watching videos.D. By mixing two drinks.34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?A. They could perform basic addition.B. They could understand simple words.C. They could memorize numbers easily.D. They could hold their attention for long.35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Entertainment.B. Health.C. Education.D. Science.③标题逆向法4．段落主旨题段落目的：首段：introduce topic中间段：add background information末端：summarize、conclude例（1）Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing, com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book groups.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.29. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A. To explain what they are.B. To introduce BookCrossing.C. To stress the importance of reading.D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.例（2）Good Morning Britain’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.（首段）The eight-part series (系列节目), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.（中间段）26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?2018-1A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.B. Provide some advice for the readers.C. Add some background information.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.例子（3）Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Thenthere’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.33.What is the second paragraph mainly about？（2019-1）A. The classification of the popular.B. The characteristics of adolescents.C. The importance of interpersonal skills.D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.。
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D．A special reading program.
高考专题:
How to get the main idea
of a passage (without a title) &?
how to choose the best title
of a passage?
Have a discussion in pairs on “how to get the main idea of a passage (without a title)”.
first sentence.
Passage B
Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. Not a single teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.
2. Then check your answers with your group members if you have finished.
3.Share with each other why you choose the answers if you have different opinions .
Passage E
Before a new type of airplane goes into service, every part of it is tested again and again. But there are two tests that are more important than all the others. The first is called the " tank test". A modem ….. The most dangerous test ...(全国) • 71. What might be the most suitable title for the text ?
Skill 1：
Find the topic sentence(s)，by skimming the paragraph / passage.
(1) at the beginning of it (2) at the end of it (3) at both the beginning and the end of it (4) in the middle of it
Passage A
English is clearly an international airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the world's radio programs are in English. The topic sentence is the
• Please underline the topic sentences of
Passage A-D in 4 minutes.
• Please share your answers with your
group members if you have finished.
• Now let’s check the answers together!
beginning and the end of a passage.
Passage D
If you were planning to buy a television set, the following
AaTgndVo(v.tedeOorxenttaihltsyaeme＄imslp)t7eol9ner.et Twrweoaoudldydatcyoesrbstuaayilne. l.YyHoduurramrwya.”yyoHduoisrwcaeotvtveeenrr,ttiwohhnaet: n“thCyeooyluor
Passage F
Reading to dogs is an unusual way. ... The group says it is the first program in the country to use dogs to help develop literacy in children, with the introduction of Reading Education Assistance Dogs （READ）...
A. Two Important Tests on Airplanes B. The Importance of Flying Safely C. The Danger of Testing Airplanes D. How Airplanes Are Made and Tested
The topic sentence is at the first paragraph.
The topic sentece is the last sentence .
Passage C
Life in 2035 will be different from what it is today. For one thing, you will sleep later because your job will start later in the morning. Too, machines will do most of your routine work for you. Also, you will travel to work on a moving sidewalk. Furthermore, you will talk to your friends on a picture telephone. Finally, you will take longer vacations in more distant places since transportation will be so much faster and cheaper. Certainly all of us can look forward to many new adTvhaentoapgiecssiennttheenceosmainreg a3t0byoetahrsth. e
Sometimes there is no topic sentence in the passage.
If there is no topic sentence in the passage, what should we do to get the main idea or choose the best title?
Passage G
The main idea of each paragraph: 1. Leadership skills must be carefully cultivated. 2. Most good leaders are made, not born. 3. Always give credit. 4. Take informed risks. 5. Encourage enthusiasm .
Skill 2:
Summarize the main idea in our own words and then choose the best title.
Three main steps:
First, get the main idea of each paragraph.
Second, summarize the main idea in our own words, according to the structure of the passage.
Let’s do more exercises!
1. Choose the best answers of passage E and F in 5 minutes.
2. Then check your answers with your group members if you have finished.
The paragraph could be entitled _________.
A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. Buyer Beware D. TV On Sale
(detail) the topic sentence (detail) is in the middle of (detail) the passage.
3.Share with each other why you choose the answers if you have different opinions .
Let’s do more exercises!
1. Choose the best answers of passage E and F in 5 minutes.
…The program was so successful that the library plans to repeal it in April, according to Dana Thumpowsky, public relations manager.