跨文化交际案例分析(共7个)

合集下载

跨文化交际案例分析

跨文化交际案例分析 LEKIBM standardization office【IBM5AB- LEKIBMK08- LEKIBM2C】Case Study 1 Age and Status两位同事的矛盾使一家数据处理公司的总经理遇到了麻烦。

一方是一位踌躇满志的法裔加拿大小伙子，另一方是一位有特许签证的年长的中国女性，而此前两人确实很好的合作伙伴…..Case description:A manager in a data-processing company was having difficulty dealing with a conflict between a young, ambitious French Canadian male and his co-worker, an older Chinese woman who was on a special visa from China. She had recently become uncooperative and had made it clear to the manager that she would not be willing to travel to the capital with her co-worker to hold discussion with legislators about a new product with great enthusiasm.When the manager asked her what the problem was, he received no clear explanation. When he asked her co-worker, the young man had no insights to offer. The young French Canadian was clearly annoyed, however, that the Chinese woman was refusing to share her data with him. That meant he couldn’t make the presentation to the legislators because she had all the key data on her computer disks.The manager repeated questions to her but her “problem” got nowhere. So he changed his approach. He began explaining his concerns, as manger and as spokesperson for the company, about the upcoming meeting with legislators. His explanation about his position was unemotional. In that climate she then felt she could explain her position. She revealed she felt that that as an older, and to her mind, more senior person, she should not be sent to the capitol with a younger employee who would do the presentation of material she had worked hard to develop. That would diminish her status, she felt. The general manger knew the root of his headache.Questions:1．What do you think caused the conflict?2. What would you do to resolve the conflict if you were the general manager?矛盾冲突这位年长的中国女士投入极大的热情和精力开发产品．却在最后的关键时刻拒绝与年轻的同事一同去向议员做推介：当经理和同事问其原因．她并未做任何明确的回答：而当经理改变策略，不再直接询问原因，而是迂回地讲起自己的困境时，她才道出自己的顾虑。

跨文化交际不成功的案例

跨文化交际不成功的案例
1. 麦当劳在印度
在20世纪90年代，麦当劳试图在印度扩展其业务。

然而，麦当劳的典型汉堡和肉类菜肴并不适合印度人的饮食习惯，因此没有受到欢迎。

此外，印度的文化和信仰禁止食用牛肉，而麦当劳的其中一种汉堡就是以牛肉作为主要成分。

在未能适应当地饮食习惯的情况下，麦当劳最终退出了印度市场。

2. 比萨宜家在中国
比萨宜家是一家意大利披萨连锁店，在中国开设了多家分店。

公司所选用的品牌名称“比萨宜家”，在中文中音近“屄死你家”的粗俗语言，因而在当地受到负面反应。

此外，比萨宜家在中国分店所提供的菜品也未能符合当地食物传统，因此未能获得中国消费者的广泛认可。

3. 成功咖啡在菲律宾
英国咖啡连锁店成功咖啡试图在菲律宾扩展业务，但没有考虑到当地消费者倾向于喝冷饮，而成功咖啡的菜单主要是以热咖啡和茶为主。

此外，店内的装饰和氛围也与当地文化和咖啡文化不太相符，未能吸引菲律宾的消费者。

4. 外企在日本
外国企业在日本也面临着许多文化差异的挑战。

例如，日本公司经常强调集体决策和团队合作，而许多西方企业则更注重个人表现和工作独立性。

此外，在日本文化中，劳动力的稳定性和长期受雇是重要的价值观，而美国和欧洲的企业往往更注重短期成果和利润。

这些文化差异可能导致沟通和协作的问题，从而妨碍了外国企业在日本的发展。

跨文化交际教学的经典案例

跨文化交际教学的经典案例
跨文化交际教学的经典案例有很多，以下是其中一些：
1. 红豆衬衫的广告语：红豆衬衫的广告语“红豆情深”在中国非常流行，但将其翻译成英文“Red Bean, the more you eat, the more you toot”却
引发笑场。

这是因为中文中的“情深”具有深厚、真挚的情感含义，而在英
文中却变成了“吃得越多，放屁越多”，给人不雅之感。

2. 麦当劳改名：麦当劳在台湾市场推出新品牌形象，将原本的“I’m lovin’ it”改成了“I’m thrilin’ it”，以吸引更多年轻人。

然而，这个新口号在
推广中遭遇了巨大的困境，因为消费者并不买账。

最终，麦当劳不得不放弃
了这个口号，重新使用原来的“I’m lovin’ it”。

3. 百事可乐广告：百事可乐曾经在中国市场推出了一支非常感人的广告，广告中描述了一对恋人因为一瓶百事可乐而结缘的故事。

然而，在广告播出后
不久，就因为广告中出现了一名黑人男演员而被中国网民质疑。

虽然百事可
乐公司很快就删除了广告并发表了道歉声明，但这个事件仍然给百事可乐的
品牌形象造成了不小的打击。

这些案例都表明，在跨文化交际中，我们需要更加注意不同文化之间的差异
和特点，并尊重这些差异和特点。

同时，我们需要更加谨慎地选择语言和表
达方式，以避免出现不必要的误解和冲突。

跨文化交际案例分析(共7个)-推荐下载

《跨文化交际学概论》第七章社会交往五、宴请招待p132Case One: Setting Rules for a Guest – American Hospitality案例：When Zhang Tao traveled in America, he lived in the home of his American friend, Bill. Once after he had traveled back, he found Bill was in a bad mood. When he asked what the problem was, Bill told Zhang Tao that his son Adam got furious about the noise Zhang made when walking upstairs and also because he was using too much water in the solar powered shower and Adam had to have his shower in cold water. Bill told Zhang Tao that he should walk more softly in future, and have a fast shower to save water. Zhang Tao felt uneasy. How could the host set such rules for his guest!Question: Why did Zhang Tao feel uneasy?分析：1) In China, when people host someone, they put the guest in the place of honor to show hospitality. They try to take care of the guest，and try to make the guest feel comfortable and at ease.2) In America, people tend to give the guest great freedom and treat a guest more casually, naturally and truthfully.3) Zhang Tao knew he was a guest, and thought in terms of Chinese expectations of hospitality. He thought Bill should treat him courteously instead of setting rules for him.4) Since Zhang Tao lived in American surroundings, he should have known about the customs there sooner.Case Two:案例：Lin had traveled 20 hours from Beijing to New York. He needed a good meal. His American friend, Mike, met him. But Mike only offered him a plate of roasted chicken and a glass of orange juice. Lin was used to having a main course, and asked Mike if he had any rice. Mike said he only had fried noodles, and Lin had to make do with it. Though Lin knew Americans didn’t care very much about what food they ate, he still felt surprised because he had taken Mike to the most famous duck restaurant in Beijing -- Quanjude -- when he arrived in Beijing.Question: Why did Lin feel surprised? Offer some advice to him about adjusting to his new environment in America.分析：1) 0n the topic of hospitality, the Chinese stress on warmth and demonstrating friendship. They take the guest to a famous or luxurious restaurant to have a very good (expensive) meal to show their hospitality. And the Chinese are used to having a big meal. The more dishes they put out，the greater the warmth and friendship they show.2) In western countries, people stress on freedom. They give the guest great freedom to choose their own foods. And westerners tend to have only one main course and some juice or dessert，which is viewed as casual in the eyes of the Chinese.3) Lin lived in American surroundings and should have adjusted himself quickly to the new world (lifestyle). He should have known the custom there first, and felt more at ease in Mike’s home.Case Three: Equality or Hospitality for Table Manners案例：Lin Hua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China. They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them. They were so glad to meet again. Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They ordered their own dish, and Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part，and no one wanted to pay for Linhua. Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the Americans would usually pay for their own food.Question: Why did Linhua find them inhospitable?分析：1) In China, to show hospitality, people tend to host the meal. And if they cannot do this, they at least will struggle to pay for the guest.2) In America, people tend to pay for themselves to show equality and independence.3) Linhua knows this custom, but from a Chinese point of view, she still finds this hard to accept, and feels it a little inhospitable.Case Four:案例：I have an American friend. I have invited him several times, and at long last he invited me to his home one day. He told me to get there at 3 p m. I thought we could chat and have a meal together. I gave him a Chinese calendar, a woman’s scarf and a bottle of Chinese white wine. He only took out a dish of nuts, a plate of bread and a bottle of wine. After two hours’ chat, I found there was no hint of a meal and said good-bye to him. He only gave me a box of chocolate as a present for the New Year. After I got home, I found the box already been opened. I was very surprised,Question: What surprised me?分析：1) In China, a visit to home always includes a meal. And the guest always bringsa relatively expensive present to the host. And the present should be well wrapped or untouched.2) In the west, a visit to home only means a meeting, not necessarily including a meal. And the present is treated not as importantly as it is in China.3) I acted in a way that was based on Chinese customs, so I felt the American way was very interesting (unusual).Case Five: Way of Entertaining Guests in China ---- Drink more and more案例：Tom, an American, went to a Chinese home for the first time. He was offered some tea. Just when the first cup was about to finish, more tea was added. He drank the second cup. Then the cup was filled the third time. Then he drank it, then ⋯ until he was quite full. Tom was totally confused by the way of entertaining.Question: Why was Tom totally confused?分析：1) Traditional Chinese custom requires that during the course of entertaining, the host has to always pour more wine or tea to the guest’s glass or cup, and always adds more food to the guest’s plate or bowl without asking whether it’s wanted.2) Chinese guests know how to respond to this type of hospitality. They simply leave the wine, tea, or food in the container and stop having any more. But Tom, the American guest in the case didn’t know this.3) He followed the politeness rule of his culture: it’s not good manners to leave food in one’s own plate at a dinner table. Therefore, without any knowledge of the differences between the two cultures, an American guest would very likely suffer from either drinking or eating too much in such a situation.Case SixAs a foreign student at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Keiko Ihara (Japanese) was on a strict budget. She had all her tuition and books paid for by scholarships and grants and until recently was comfortably housed in the dormitory. Wanting to live in the community rather than in the dormitory, she found a small apartment to share with a friend. Her college friends, knowing of her situation, offered to round up some of the necessary items for apartment living. Keiko politely declined, saying she could manage. Wanting to help out her friends found some old but stillusable household appliances and furniture. Mary had an old desk that was in her garage. Ed had some chairs from his uncle, and Joe and Marion had a few extra dishes. They cheerfully brought them over one day. Keiko seemed very embarrassed, but gracefully accepted them, sincerely and profusely thanked them.The following week they were each presented with a gift from Keiko. Mary got an ornate jewelry box, Ed a volume of woodcuts by a famous Japanese artist, and Joe and Marion a beautiful Japanese vase, all of which were of considerable worth and value, much more than the old things they had donated to her. They all protested that she could not afford to give such elaborate gifts; they really expected nothing as the household items were not really being used and they would rather have her use them. Keiko, however, insisted that they take the gifts. In the end, they accepted the gifts, although they all felt uncomfortable as they knew she was really sacrificing to give them.Questions:1. What do you think of Keiko insisting on giving valuable gifts to her college friends?2. Why did Keiko’s friends feel very uncomfortable when they received valuablegifts in return?分析：Keiko insists on giving valuable gifts to her college friends, because in countries like Japan, exchanging gifts is a strongly rooted social tradition. Should you receive a gift, and don’t have one to offer in return, you will probably create a crisis. If not as serious as a crisis, one who doesn’t offer a gift in return may be considered rude or impolite. Therefore, in Japan, gifts are a symbolic way to show appreciation, respect, gratitude and further relationship.Keiko obviously has taken those used items from Mary, Ed and Marion as gifts, for she probably doesn’t know that Americans frequently donate their used household items to church or to the community. Mary, Ed and Marion would never consider those used household items given to Keiko as gifts. No wonder they felt very uncomfortable when they received valuable gifts in return.Case SevenSelma, who is from the US, is in a student exchange program in Indonesia. One day, she was asked to attend a birthday party and she was delighted, for she was curious to know what an Indonesian birthday party was like. To her surprise, she was the only one that dressed in typically Western clothes. Although she had no strong reason to become uneasy, her uneasy feeling prevailed as the party was going on. To make herself feel better, she went to the food table and began to help herself. But, upon leaving the table, she tripped on the leg of a chair and spilled her drink on the floor. One of the girls stooped down to mop up the spill and everyone else laughedout loud. Selma, uncertain what to do next, quietly moved out of her way with her head lowered in shame.Questions:3. What functions does laughing serve in similar situations in China?4. What should we do to help ourselves or other people out of embarrassmentcaused by cultural differences in laughing?分析：Just like smile, laughing does not always serve the same function in different cultures. Interestingly, for us Chinese, laughing often has a special function on some tense social occasions. People may laugh to release the tension or embarrassment, to express their concern about you, their intention to put you at ease or to help you come out of the embarrassment. In this case, the people there were actually wishing to laugh with the American rather than laugh at her. Their laughing seemed to convey a number of messages: don‘t take it so seriously; laugh it off, it‘s nothing; such things can happen to any of us, etc. Unfortunately the American was unaware of this. She thought they were laughing at her, which made her feel more badly and angry, for in her culture laughing on such an occasion would be interpreted as an insulting response, humiliating and negative.。

跨文化交际公共外交案例

跨文化交际公共外交案例
跨文化交际和公共外交都是国际关系领域的重要概念，它们在促进不同文化之间的交流和理解方面起着至关重要的作用。

以下是一些跨文化交际和公共外交的案例：
1. 奥运会：奥运会是一个全球性的体育盛会，也是一个跨文化交际和公共外交的重要平台。

各国代表团在奥运会期间展示了各自的文化、传统和价值观，通过体育比赛和交流活动，促进了不同文化之间的了解和友谊。

2. 国家元首访问：国家元首访问是公共外交的一种形式，通过访问可以促进两国之间的友谊和合作。

在访问期间，国家元首会见当地政府官员、商界领袖和文化名人，参加各种文化活动，展示本国的文化、历史和价值观。

3. 文化节庆活动：各种文化节庆活动也是跨文化交际和公共外交的重要平台。

例如，西班牙的番茄大战、德国的啤酒节等，这些活动吸引了成千上万的游客前来参加，促进了当地旅游业的发展，同时也让人们更加了解当地的文化和传统。

4. 国际组织：国际组织是公共外交的重要主体之一，通过举办各种会议、论坛和活动，促进各国之间的交流和合作。

例如，联合国教科文组织、世界卫生组织等国际组织在全球范围内开展了一系列的文化交流和公共外交活动。

5. 媒体交流：媒体交流是跨文化交际和公共外交的重要手段之一。

通过媒体报道、电视节目和网络平台等渠道，人们可以更加了解不同国家的文化和价值观，同时也可以通过媒体交流促进不同文化之间的理解和友谊。

总之，跨文化交际和公共外交在促进国际交流和理解方面起着至关重要的作用。

通过各种形式的跨文化交际和公共外交活动，人们可以更加了解不同国家的文化和价值观，增进友谊和合作。

跨文化交际案例

一、谁没有负责？一项调查针对日本母亲和美国母亲的调查：如果孩子没有把应缴回的单子交到学校，谁应该负责？日本母亲大都觉得是自己的过失，美国母亲大都认为是学校没有尽责。

二、飞利浦照明公司某区人力资源副总裁（美国人）与一位被认为具有发展潜力的中国员工交谈。

想听听这位员工对自己今后五年的职业发展规划以及期望达到的位置。

中国员工并没有正面回答问题，而是开始谈论起公司未来的发展方向、公司的晋升体系，以及目前他本人在组织中的位置等等。

讲了半天也没有正面回答副总裁的问题。

副总有些大惑不解，没等他说完已经有写不耐烦了，因为同样的事情之前已经发生了好几次。

“我不过是想知道这位员工对于自己未来五年发展的打算，想要在飞利浦做到什么样的职位罢了，可为何就不能得到明确的回答呢？”谈话结束后，副总忍不住向人力资源总监甲抱怨道。

“这位老外总裁怎么这样咄咄逼人？”谈话中受到压力的员工也向甲谈苦。

作为人力资源总监，甲明白双方之间不同的沟通方式引起了隔阂，虽然他极力想双方解释，但要完全消除已经产生的问题并不容易。

三、一个美国女学生处于好意把泰国同屋洗干净的内衣和袜子叠放在她的枕头上，结果这个泰国女生觉得受到了侮辱，一定要搬离宿舍。

四、一对美国夫妇到巴基斯坦度假，住在一个看起来蛮吸引人的市场旁的旅馆。

夫妇决定隔天到市场去看看有没有值得买的纪念品。

一觉醒来，闷热的天气，叫人有点透不过气。

先生一身轻便的短袖休闲衣裤，太太穿着短袖花纹上衣，粉红美观的紧身短裤，两人脚底都套着凉鞋。

到市场时，这对夫妇发觉几乎每个人都严厉地瞪着他俩，指指点点，有的甚至口发恶言。

俩夫妇觉得很纳闷，赶紧转头，回到旅馆。

为什么市场里的人对这对夫妇的态度如此恶劣呢？五、An American went to Chinese home. He was offered some tea. Just when the first cup was about to finish, more tea was added. The visitor drank the second cup. Then the cup was filled the third time. Then he drank it, then…until the visitor was quite full. Why?六、One cold winter day in a Chinese city, Wang Lin on his way to the library met an American professor who knew very little about China. After greeting him, Wang said: “It’s rather cold. You’d better put on more clothes.”But the professor didn’t appear happy on hearing this.七、张斌作为汉语志愿者在泰国的小学教汉语。

跨文化交际英语案例分析万能模板

跨文化交际英语案例分析万能模板引言在全球化的趋势下，跨文化交际已成为日常生活和工作中的常态。

无论是国际贸易、跨国合作还是旅游交流，我们都会面临与不同文化背景的人进行交流和沟通的挑战。

特别是在学习和使用英语的过程中，我们需要了解不同文化对于语言使用和交际方式的影响。

本文将通过分析具体的跨文化交际案例，探讨英语学习者在不同文化背景下的沟通策略和技巧。

案例一：商务洽谈中的礼节差异A公司是一家美国跨国公司，打算与中国的B公司展开商务合作。

双方代表进行了一次面对面的商务洽谈。

在会议中，中国代表以客人的身份招待美国代表，并为其安排了一顿丰盛的中餐。

然而，美国代表主动将自己的商业计划一一介绍后，提出了一些具体的问题和要求。

此时，中国代表显然有些紧张和不悦，并没有直接回答问题，而是转移了话题，讲述了一些与商务无关的事情。

这种回应方式在美国文化中被视为不专业和不直接，可能会影响双方的合作关系。

在这个案例中，我们可以看出美国和中国在商务洽谈中的礼节差异。

美国文化注重直接、效率和专业性，而中国文化则更加注重人际关系和面子。

为了避免类似的情况发生，英语学习者可以采取以下策略： - 尊重和理解对方文化的特点，尽量适应对方的沟通方式； - 在交流过程中保持礼貌和尊重，不要过于直接或冷漠； - 尽量避免忽视对方分享的个人经历，可以采用开放式的问题引导对话，促进更深入的交流。

案例二：面试中的语言差异某公司招聘一名国际销售经理，面试环节中的英语口语能力成为了重要的考察点。

一位来自美国的面试官问了一道开放性问题：“你在此之前是如何处理一次跨国销售合作中的文化冲突的？”应聘者来自中国，他理解问题后，迅速开始介绍了自己曾经参与的一次错误的销售合作案例，强调通过学习和理解对方文化后，取得了成功。

然而，面试官希望应聘者更多地关注解决冲突的方法和技巧，而不是侧重于个人经历的叙述。

这使得应聘者在面试中失去了一部分分数。

这个案例揭示了中西文化在表达方式上的差异。

跨文化交际案例分析万能模板

跨文化交际案例分析万能模板案例背景跨文化交际是指在不同文化背景下进行的交流和互动。

由于不同文化具有不同的价值观、信仰、习俗和行为规范，跨文化交际往往面临着挑战和困难。

本文将通过分析一个跨文化交际案例，探讨跨文化交际中常见的问题，并提供解决问题的方法，以此为参考，帮助人们更好地进行跨文化交际。

案例描述案例中，A是中国人，B是美国人。

他们是在一家国际公司工作的同事。

一天，在一个重要会议上，A提出了一个新的想法，但没有得到B的支持，甚至遭到了反对。

A感到困惑和失望，并对B的态度感到不解。

问题分析1.语言障碍：A和B来自不同的文化背景，使用不同的母语。

这可能导致他们在交流中出现理解的困难，甚至存在翻译误解的可能性。

2.价值观冲突：A和B来自具有不同价值观的文化，他们对问题的看法和解决方法可能存在差异。

这造成了他们在会议上的分歧。

3.社交礼节：A和B在社交礼节方面可能存在差异。

比如在会议上，B的反对可能是基于不同的文化背景下对表达意见的方式和场景的理解。

解决方法1.主动沟通：A和B应该积极主动地沟通，充分交流彼此的意见和想法。

他们可以约定一个合适的时间，面对面地沟通，以确保双方对对方的意思有清晰的理解。

2.尊重他人文化：A和B应该尊重彼此的文化差异。

他们可以通过学习对方的文化，了解他人的价值观和习俗，以更好地理解和包容对方的观点。

3.寻求共同利益：A和B可以寻找问题的共同利益，以此为基础来达成共识和解决分歧。

他们可以探讨对方的顾虑并提出解决方案，以达成双赢的结果。

4.适应交流方式：A和B可以适应对方的交流方式。

他们可以根据对方的习惯和文化特点，选择合适的表达方式和场景，以减少误解和冲突的可能性。

结论跨文化交际虽然存在挑战和困难，但通过主动沟通、尊重他人文化、寻求共同利益和适应交流方式等方式，我们可以更好地解决问题，建立跨文化交际的良好关系。

希望通过这个万能模板，能帮助更多人在跨文化交际中更加成功和顺利。

跨文化交际案例及分析(精选5篇)

跨文化交际案例及分析（精选5篇）跨文化交际案例及分析范文第1篇[关键词]跨文化外语教学案例分析大同学跨文化交际本领一、跨文化英语教学现状分析就我国的外语教学现状而言，高一虹（2023:28）指出，现有的跨文化交际本领培育模式都有肯定局限。

行为中心的培育模式，只关注交际行为本身和交际结果，执着于实在目标，但在我们一般性的大学教育中，很难确定同学将来可能与之打交道的目的文化，因此也很难像对特定出国人员进行培训那样对同学实施有较强针对性的训练；学问中心模式，则集中于认知层面，重要向同学灌输有关文化学问，但难以让同学产生切身体验，而且还不适用于处理文化的多样性和动态性，传授文化学问简单变成“定型”（stereotype），反而不利于跨文化交际本领向较高层次进展。

另外，我们的教学大纲设计和教学实践往往缺乏充足的开放性，没有给同学较多面对问题和独立解决问题的机会。

因此在跨文化外语教学中，需要依据跨文化交际本领框架，提高同学使用语言的正确性的同时还要帮忙其提高言语行为的得体性。

在近年来对跨文化交际本领框架的浩繁讨论中，笔者认为杨盈、庄恩平（2023）提出的由全球意识、文化调适、文化学问和交际实践四大本领系统构成的外语教学跨文化交际本领框架，符合教学大纲和教学实践的要求，具较强可行性。

二、案例分析在跨文化英语教学中的作用目前跨文化英语教学普遍采纳的方法重要包括背景学问导入、文化内涵探究、案例分析、角色扮演及情景仿照、实例搜索等。

案例分析教学中将不同文化背景的语言特色、风土人情、历史事件和现实冲突等素材呈现于同学面前，是跨文化学问、意识、思维和交际本领的综合训练过程，能帮忙同学达到学习外语语言技能与培育跨文化交际本领有机结合的目的。

在谈到案例教学法时，陈建平（2023）强调:“案例是为适应特定的教学目的而编写的”，教学过程重要是“同学之间的讨论和辩论”，教学目的重要是“培育同学的本领”。

上述特点，使案例教学能很好适用于跨文化外语教学，它对培育本领的重视大过取得学问，成为语言文化学问向跨文化本领变化的有效途径。

跨文化交际案例分析

案例三：非语言交际行为的误解
情况描述
在一次国际晚宴中，一位美国客人和一位日本客人之间的社交礼仪产生了差异。美国客人习惯于直接、热情的礼仪，而日本客人则更注重谦虚和尊重。这导致双方在晚宴中的互动出现了尴尬和误解
案例三：非语言交际行为的误解
问题分析
这个案例中的问题主要是由社交礼仪的差异引起的。美国客人和日本客人的社交礼仪存在明显差异，这种差异可能导致双方在互动中产生误解和尴尬
案例三：非语言交际行为的误解
解决方案
为了解决这个问题，首先需要认识到这种社交礼仪的差异，并尊重彼此的礼仪习惯。美国客人可以尝试更理解日本客人的谦虚和尊重，而日本客人也可以尽可能适应美国客人的直接和热情。双方可以通过了解彼此的社交礼仪，找到一个共同的解决方案，以达到和谐的互动
PART 4
案例五：食物与文化的关系
4
案例五：食物与文化的关系
情况描述
在一个国际家庭聚会中，来自不同国家的亲戚们在一起共享美食。然而，由于食物与文化的关系不同，一些食物在某些国家是受欢迎的，而在其他国家却被视为禁忌。这导致了一些尴尬和误解
案例五：食物与文化的关系
问题分析
这个案例中的问题主要是由食物与文化的关系引起的。来自不同国家的亲戚们对食物的认知和文化背景存在差异，这种差异可能导致在共享美食时产生尴尬和误解
案例一：语言与文化差异的处理
解决方案
为了解决这个问题，首先需要认识到这种语言与文化差异的存在，并尊重彼此的交际风格。英国员工可以尝试更能明确表达自己的意见。此外，双方还可以通过提高彼此的语言能力，更好地理解和尊重对方的文化背景
PART 2
案例二：价值观与文化冲突的解决

跨文化交际案例分析

Case1: She Has Three HandsIn the following scenario,a Chinese doctor, a patient and a physiotherapistinteract.A female neurologistfrom Beijing was working on a research project in a Toronto hospital. She shared asmall office with a young Canadianmale from a large family, who loved peanut butter. He was so fond of peanutbutter that he kept ajar in the office. One day he cameinto the office and exclaimed,“Whotook my peanutbutter?”But the Chinese woman immediately felt accused.After all, there wereonly two of them in the office.She was deeply distressed,but true to her learned cultural behavior of never showinganger in public, shesaid nothing. Later that day she was working in a room where the physiotherapist was treating a patient who suffered paralysis of his legs and arms from a motorcycle accident.The physiotherapist moved oneof the patient's legs in a way that caused him pain.“ Ouch! h”e cried.“OhI, didn'd t o that,”said the physiotherapist.“ Iwt as that doctor over there,”and he pointed to the Chinesewoman.“ Howcould she havedone it since she'o s n the other side ofthe room?”the patient pointed out.“ Ah,she hasthree hands. the”physiotherapistreplied.At thesewords the Chinese doctor becameeven moreupset.She was so disturbedthat shebehavedin a way uncharacteristicof her culture. She waited until the patient had gone,and then said to the physiotherapist, “I 'v m ery upsetby what you said.”The physiotherapistwas taken aback. “ Whaht ad I said?”“ Yousaid I had threehands,”the Chinesedoctor finally choked. “Youthink I took the peanutbutter.”Answer the following questions:1.How do you understandthephrase“tohavethreehands”?（3 分）2. What causedtheir communication conflicts?（7 分）Case1:This case canreflect the different communication styles between Chineseand Canadians.In westerncultures, communication is the means of transmitting ideas.Western peopleusually communicate directly with eachother. That is why the Canadianin this casesays what is in his mind directly in front of the Chinesewoman without hiding anything. While Chineseculture stressesharmony andemphasizesthe relationships betweenthecommunicators.Chinesepeople view communication as a processwhere all parties are searchingto develop and maintain a social relationship. So the Chinesewoman in this casetries not to argue with the Canadianface to face to keep the“harmonious relationship”betweenthem.Case 2: Left in the ColdKatherine cameto Beijing in 1998 andfound ajob as anEnglish teacherin a foreign languageinstitute. Soon after her classesbegan she found that her students showedno interestin her teaching style. Quite a few of them avoided attendingher class.She was feeling quite upset and discouragedso she decidedto ask the Director, Prof. Wang for help. Prof. Wang reviewed his timetable and suggestedthey meet at ten o' clockon Thursday morning. When Thursday came,Katherine arrived at Prof. Wang's office at the exactly ten o'clockfinding him talking with another teacherin Chinese. Seeingthat she hadcome, Prof. Wang smiled and gestured herto sit down. Katherine sat down and the professor excused himself and continuedto talk with the other teacher.After five minutes, he finished his conversation, andapologized to Katherine, andbegan to focus his attention on her situation. Prof. Wang showed greatconcern and askedher what the problem was. Just as shewas discussingher problem, another Chineseteacherinterrupted, with a form that required the Director's signature.The Director smiled, apologizedto Katherine again, and turned to talk with the Chineseteacherin Chinese. Katherinebecame impatient, and wonderedwhy their discussion shouldbe interrupted since shehad made anappointment. Also, shewas upsetandfrustrated that they continued to speak Chinesein front of her. Although their talk continued,shewas apparently unhappy about what had happened.Answer the following questions:1. How would you explain the Director's behavior toward Kathrine?（ 5 分）2. How would you make the Director understand whyKatherine felt frustrated and angry? （5 分）Case2:CommentThis is a typical cultural clash betweenChinese andWesterners. There is a great differencein the concept of appointment and its behavior pattern in different cultures. To Americans, an appointmentis a confirmation to meetat a precise time. If an appointment is scheduled, both parties should respectthe appointment time. For example, if a professor makes an appointment witha studentat a certain time, it should notbe interrupted by other things or people.In addition, Westernersare good timekeepers;they adherestrictly to schedules. However,Chinese view appointmentsin a more flexible manner. They aremore casual about commitments. This difference in attitudes toward appointmentwas the root of Katherine's unhappiness.Since the Director madean tena'clockappointment,he should havetried to avoid any interruption. However, when Katherine arrived on time, the Director was still talkingwith anotherteacher.When their meeting finally began, it wasinterrupted again. Thereis no wonder Katherine becamefrustrated and angry.Case 3: Personal SpaceMark had recently moved from Denmark to Sydneyto work asa salespersonfor a large Australian company. After threeweeks, he was invited to join a local club. During the first few weeksat the club, Mark would either stand in the corner talking with someoneor sit on a sofa listening to other peopletalk and chat. As time went by, he cameto know most of the club membersand seemedto enjoy talking with them. One day, at an evening party one of thefemale members approachedhim. Mark immediately showed hisinterest by talking about theatmosphereof the party. At first, the conversation betweenthem seemedto go quite smoothly, but as it progressedthe lady seemedto step further and further away from Mark as he had beengradually moving closer to her. The lady obviously seemeduncomfortable. As Mark was about to ask her questions regarding Australiansocial customs,another man standing nearby directed a glance towardthe lady. Sheexcusedherself and went to talk with that man, leaving Mark standing aloneandwondering why their conversationhad come to such a suddenstop.Answer the following question1. Why did that woman suddenlystop talking with Mark and turned to another man? （10 分）Case3:This is a typical case ofmisunderstandingcausedby different perceptions abutbody distance.There is alot of evidenceto show that body distancevaries with different people, different circumstances, anddifferent cultures. In Denmark, at a formal event,the intimate spaceis usually between20 to 30 centimeters;while in Australia such an occasionrequires a body distanceof 40 to 50 centimeters.Therefore when a Danetalks with an Australian, the problem arises:the Dane is accustomedto a closedistance while the Australian is comfortable with a great distance.In this case,Mark, by trying to establishhis normal intimate space, infringed on the Australian lady's s pace. Becauseof this, she felt somewhatthreatenedand lost her senseof comfort. At that moment, the nearby man offered her the opportunity to excuseherself from Mark. If Mark had had someknowledge about the expected personal spacefor Australians, the encountermight have been totally different.Case4Li Ming, a male Chinesegraduatestudent, studiedin the United States.He shared aroom with his American classmateTony in a residencehall. At the very beginning, Li Ming found it easyand enjoyable to get along with Tony, for he was an open-minded personand sometimeshecould give Li Ming quite alot of helpful advice. But later,Li Ming felt it really hard to do the real effective communication. For example:One day Tony went into the bathroom and completely shavedhis head.Li Ming easily discoveredthis fact when hehimself visited the bathroom and sawthe hair everywhere. He returnedto his room andsaid to Tony, “Yo'u veshavedyour head. ”Tony replied, “Yeah, dIid. ”Li Ming waited awhile, then said,I discovered you'd shaved your headwhen I went into the bathroom andsaw the hair.“Yeah.T”ony confirmed. Li Ming was at a loss.He believed he hadcommunicatedin the strongestpossible languagehis wish that the American would clean up the messhe'd madein the bathroom. ButLi Ming wasvery much disappointedat his roommate Tony!Later he discussedthe surprising episode with someChinese friends who told him, “ Listenw, ith Americans you actually have to say:Clean up the bathroom!”Li Ming believed his message hadbeenvery clear. However, he was relying on the context of the communication for the messageto be understood:hair was all over the bathroom, and his roommatenow was bare-headed.Questions:1. Why doyou think the American studentTony failed to understandwhat his ChineseroommateLi Ming had wanted to say?2. Supposethe main charactersin the story are two Chinese students or two American students, inwhat way will they deal with the matter?Case7 (P30)Caseanalysis: Cultural differences decide the two studentsare going to communicatein different ways. 案例分析:文化差异决定这两个学生要沟通的方式不同。

跨文化交际案例分析(共7个)

《跨文化交际学概论》第七章社会交往五、宴请招待p132Case One: Setting Rules for a Guest – American Hospitality案例：When Zhang Tao traveled in America, he lived in the home of his American friend, Bill. Once after he had traveled back, he found Bill was in a bad mood. When he asked what the problem was, Bill told Zhang Tao that his son Adam got furious about the noise Zhang made when walking upstairs and also because he was using too much water in the solar powered shower and Adam had to have his shower in cold water. Bill told Zhang Tao that he should walk more softly in future, and have a fast shower to save water. Zhang Tao felt uneasy. How could the host set such rules for his guest!Question: Why did Zhang Tao feel uneasy?分析：1) In China, when people host someone, they put the guest in the place of honor to show hospitality. They try to take care of the guest，and try to make the guest feel comfortable and at ease.2) In America, people tend to give the guest great freedom and treat a guest more casually, naturally and truthfully.3) Zhang Tao knew he was a guest, and thought in terms of Chinese expectations of hospitality. He thought Bill should treat him courteously instead of setting rules for him.4) Since Zhang Tao lived in American surroundings, he should have known about the customs there sooner.Case Two:案例：Lin had traveled 20 hours from Beijing to New York. He needed a good meal. His American friend, Mike, met him. But Mike only offered him a plate of roasted chicken and a glass of orange juice. Lin was used to having a main course, and asked Mike if he had any rice. Mike said he only had fried noodles, and Lin had to make do with it. Though Lin knew Americans didn’t care very much about what food they ate, he still felt surprised because he had taken Mike to the most famous duck restaurant in Beijing -- Quanjude -- when he arrived in Beijing.Question: Why did Lin feel surprised? Offer some advice to him about adjusting to his new environment in America.分析：1) 0n the topic of hospitality, the Chinese stress on warmth and demonstrating friendship. They take the guest to a famous or luxurious restaurant to have a very good (expensive) meal to show their hospitality. And the Chinese are used to having a big meal. The more dishes they put out，the greater the warmth and friendship they show.2) In western countries, people stress on freedom. They give the guest great freedom to choose their own foods. And westerners tend to have only one main course and some juice or dessert，which is viewed as casual in the eyes of the Chinese.3) Lin lived in American surroundings and should have adjusted himself quickly to the new world (lifestyle). He should have known the custom there first, and felt more at ease in Mike’s h ome.Case Three: Equality or Hospitality for Table Manners案例：Lin Hua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China. They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them. They were so glad to meet again. Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They ordered their own dish, and Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part，and no one wanted to pay for Linhua. Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the Americans would usually pay for their own food.Question: Why did Linhua find them inhospitable?分析：1) In China, to show hospitality, people tend to host the meal. And if they cannot do this, they at least will struggle to pay for the guest.2) In America, people tend to pay for themselves to show equality and independence.3) Linhua knows this custom, but from a Chinese point of view, she still finds this hard to accept, and feels it a little inhospitable.Case Four:案例：I have an American friend. I have invited him several times, and at long last he invited me to his home one day. He told me to get there at 3 p m. I thought we could chat and have a meal together. I gave him a Chinese calendar, a woman’s scarf and a bottle of Chinese white wine. He only took out a dish of nuts, a plate of bread and a bottle of wine. After two hours’ chat, I found there was no hint of a meal and said good-bye to him. He only gave me a box of chocolate as a present for the New Year. After I got home, I found the box already been opened. I was very surprised, Question: What surprised me?分析：1) In China, a visit to home always includes a meal. And the guest always bringsa relatively expensive present to the host. And the present should be well wrapped or untouched.2) In the west, a visit to home only means a meeting, not necessarily including a meal. And the present is treated not as importantly as it is in China.3) I acted in a way that was based on Chinese customs, so I felt the American way was very interesting (unusual).Case Five: Way of Entertaining Guests in China ---- Drink more and more案例：Tom, an American, went to a Chinese home for the first time. He was offered some tea. Just when the first cup was about to finish, more tea was added. He drank the second cup. Then the cup was filled the third time. Then he drank it, then ⋯ until he was quite full. Tom was totally confused by the way of entertaining.Question: Why was Tom totally confused?分析：1) Traditional Chinese custom requires that during the course of entertaining, the host has to always pour more wine or tea to the guest’s glass or cup, and always adds more food to the guest’s plate or bowl without asking whether it’s wanted.2) Chinese guests know how to respond to this type of hospitality. They simply leave the wine, tea, or food in the container and stop having any more. But Tom, the American guest in the case didn’t know this.3) He followed the politeness rule of his culture: it’s not good manners to leave food in one’s own plate at a dinner table. Therefore, without any knowledge of the differences between the two cultures, an American guest would very likely suffer from either drinking or eating too much in such a situation.Case SixAs a foreign student at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Keiko Ihara (Japanese) was on a strict budget. She had all her tuition and books paid for by scholarships and grants and until recently was comfortably housed in the dormitory. Wanting to live in the community rather than in the dormitory, she found a small apartment to share with a friend. Her college friends, knowing of her situation, offered to round up some of the necessary items for apartment living. Keiko politely declined, saying she could manage. Wanting to help out her friends found some old but still usable household appliances and furniture. Mary had an old desk that was in hergarage. Ed had some chairs from his uncle, and Joe and Marion had a few extra dishes. They cheerfully brought them over one day. Keiko seemed very embarrassed, but gracefully accepted them, sincerely and profusely thanked them.The following week they were each presented with a gift from Keiko. Mary got an ornate jewelry box, Ed a volume of woodcuts by a famous Japanese artist, and Joe and Marion a beautiful Japanese vase, all of which were of considerable worth and value, much more than the old things they had donated to her. They all protested that she could not afford to give such elaborate gifts; they really expected nothing as the household items were not really being used and they would rather have her use them. Keiko, however, insisted that they take the gifts. In the end, they accepted the gifts, although they all felt uncomfortable as they knew she was really sacrificing to give them.Questions:1. What do you think of Keiko insisting on giving valuable gifts to her college friends?2. Why did Keiko’s friends feel very uncomfortable when they received valuablegifts in return?分析：Keiko insists on giving valuable gifts to her college friends, because in countries like Japan, exchanging gifts is a strongly rooted social tradition. Should you receive a gift, and don’t have one to offer in return, you will probably create a crisis. If not as serious as a crisis, one who doesn’t offer a gift in return may be considered rude or impolite. Therefore, in Japan, gifts are a symbolic way to show appreciation, respect, gratitude and further relationship.Keiko obviously has taken those used items from Mary, Ed and Marion as gifts, for she probably doesn’t know that Americans frequently donate their used household items to church or to the community. Mary, Ed and Marion would never consider those used household items given to Keiko as gifts. No wonder they felt very uncomfortable when they received valuable gifts in return.Case SevenSelma, who is from the US, is in a student exchange program in Indonesia. One day, she was asked to attend a birthday party and she was delighted, for she was curious to know what an Indonesian birthday party was like. To her surprise, she was the only one that dressed in typically Western clothes. Although she had no strong reason to become uneasy, her uneasy feeling prevailed as the party was going on. To make herself feel better, she went to the food table and began to help herself. But, upon leaving the table, she tripped on the leg of a chair and spilled her drink on the floor. One of the girls stooped down to mop up the spill and everyone else laughed out loud. Selma, uncertain what to do next, quietly moved out of her way with her head lowered in shame.Questions:3. What functions does laughing serve in similar situations in China?4. What should we do to help ourselves or other people out of embarrassmentcaused by cultural differences in laughing?分析：Just like smile, laughing does not always serve the same function in different cultures. Interestingly, for us Chinese, laughing often has a special function on some tense social occasions. People may laugh to release the tension or embarrassment, to express their concern about you, their intention to put you at ease or to help you come out of the embarrassment. In this case, the people there were actually wishing to laugh with the American rather than laugh at her. Their laughing seemed to convey a number of messages: don‘t take it so seriously; laugh it off, it‘s nothing; such things can happen to any of us, etc. Unfortunately the American was unaware of this. She thought they were laughing at her, which made her feel more badly and angry, for in her culture laughing on such an occasion would be interpreted as an insulting response, humiliating and negative.。

跨文化交际案例分析

跨文化交际案例分析Case Study 1 Age and Status两位同事的矛盾使一家数据处理公司的总经理遇到了麻烦。

跨文化交际---英语案例分析

Case 1 A CanadianThe shipping agent is serving the customers in the way that is considered efficient in Venezuelan culture. To the Canadian, however, this is unfocused activity that is not nearly as efficient as it would be —particularly from her point of view —if the agent simply dealt exclusively with her scheduled appointment./ In Canada, businesspeople typically write appointments and activities into the day’s agenda every day. They then work sequentially through the agenda until they have completed each task or the day is over. In other words, Canadians prefer to do one thing at a time, while the South Americans, including Venezuelans, tend to do a few things simultaneously.Case 2 A dozenAs a Westerner, the American visiting professor does not quite understand the collective ownership of information in some other cultural environments. What made her annoyed is a different attitude toward information about people. In the United States, it is generally assumed that personal matters are private. Teachers go through elaborate procedures to assure that students do not have access to each other’s grades. In business it is the same. Evaluations are confidential.Case 3 WhenAs a matter of fact, the American woman was not being disrespectful. However, it is clear that her way of showing respect and welcome was different from the ancient tradition of keeping physical distance from superiors, which is still widely observed, especially when royalty is involved.Paul Keating, the Australian prime minister, may have intended to suggest by his gesture that Australia would no longer accept the queen as head of state but just as one of their honored guests. Obviously, the British would not like it at all. Sometimes, such seemingly trivial things can influence relations between countries. That’s why protocol is taken seriously and people who are to hold diplomatic posts will be given detailed and careful instructions. Case 22 An AmericanPeople from different cultures mayconsider their own communicationstyle to be natural and normal, andtherefore tend to evaluate otherstyles negatively. In this case, bothpeople are unaware of the Americanpreference for a direct and explicitstyle in contrast to the morecontextual African style. Both thesecommunicators are likely to leavethe situation less inclined to ask oranswer questions of each other again.Case 23 A FrenchIn France it is required that all callsbegin with an apology for disturbingthe answer. They are also expected tobegin the call by checking that theyhave reached the right number,identifying themselves, and thenchatting with whoever has answeredthe phone, if this person is known tothem. Only after some conversationmay callers indicate their wish tospeak with the person they haveactually called to speak to.In contrast, callers in the U. S. A.apologize only when they feel theyhave called at an inappropriate time;they often ask for the person theywant without identifying themselvesor conversing with the answer, evenwhen that person is known to them;and they behave, in general, asthough the person who has answeredthe phone is just an extension of theinstrument itself.Case 24 At a 1970The Japanese have a strong dislike ofentering into direct confrontationsand placing others in anembarrassing position. It is verydifficult for a Japanese to respond toany suggestion or request with adefinite “no”. What the Japanese willoften do instead is resort to a vaguesort of reply to the effect that thematter needs further study andconsideration. They do this to saveface for the person who has made thesuggestion or request, but Americansmay not properly understand it andmay completely misinterpret thevagueness as compliance and assumethat the proposition has beenaccepted. But this was apparentlynever made clear to Nixon. That iswhy he included that he had beendouble-crossed. Themisunderstanding had seriousadverse consequences for Japanese U.S. relations.Case 9 In a cross-culturalWhen they are being scolded by thetrainers for being repeatedly late forafternoon sessions, the Chinesetrainees felt bewildered because theythought it is inappropriate for theCanadian trainers to become soangry about it. In their opinion, oneshould not let him- or herself behaveas emotionally like this. Theappropriate way to deal with such aperson would be to become coolertoward and more distant from theperson who behaved so irresponsibly.It was understandable that one wouldfeel angry in this situation but it wasnot appropriate to show anger, forthe other person would certainly loseface if anger were directed towardhim or her, and the angry personwould look foolish and childish andtherefore also lose face.Canadians see such situations in avery different way. They tend toexplicitly express how they feel andopenly criticize the person who theythink has been wrong orirresponsible. It seems to them thatthis has little to do with face.Case 18 Ted WashingtonTed Washington, the marketingmanager, rejected the sale proposalsof both the American, Dale Petersand the Japanese, Hideo Takahashi,without considering who made theproposal. While the direct andoutright rejection is O.K. with Peters,for he and the manager are from thesame culture, to Hideo, it meanssomething beyond the rejection of aproposal itself. Therefore, the twopeople responded to the rejection inquite different ways.In this case, the American believesthe root of the conflict lay indifferent goals and objectives,therefore, Peters entered into aheated discussion with Ted, trying toget his proposal accepted byproducing facts, figures, and graphsto illustrate his case. But theJapanese believes the conflict wasnot in the rejection of the proposalbut rather in the way it wascommunicated, so he thinks of it as apersonal attack or a sign of mistrust.In short, Americans tend to be moretask-oriented while the Japanese aremore likely to focus on interpersonalrelationships.Case 7 A femaleWhen the Canadian young man said, “Who took my peanut butter?”, what he really meant was “Where is my peanut butter? I can’t find it.”The Chinese doctor felt upset because in Chinese culture questions like this, especially expressed in the way the young Canadian man did, often imply that someone is to blame. Chinese culture prohibits direct accusing unless a person has been targeted for shame. However, true to her learned cultural behavior of never showing anger in public, the Chinese doctor didn’t say anything, though she was deeply distressed. Later, the physiotherapist was making a joke when she said the Chinese doctor had “three hands”. She wasn’t serious, of course, and expected the patient to be amused by her explanation for his pain: that the doctor on the other side of the room could have reached an imaginary hand out to touch him. She didn’t know that in Chinese a “three-handed person” is a slang for a thief.Case 17 TomIt is customary in China and many other Asian countries for hosts to ask their guests again and again to take more. Tom didn’t have to eat extra food if he didn’t want any more.In the U.S., a host will offer more food usually only once. And the Americans will take a “no” to mean “no”, whether it is the first, second or third time. However, in many other parts of the world it is considered good manners for guests not to accept an offer at first. Sometimes one mustn’t accept food the second time it is offered. Therefore, hosts try to repeat an offer until they are sure that their guests really want to decline.Case 25 A JapaneseNonverbal behaviors such as smiles seem to cut across cultural lines. But in reality, they are often found to be not universal. To most Americans, a smile is the most common nonverbal behavior to bridge gaps that may exist between strangers (including foreigners) and themselves. It is natural for them to be smiling and friendly when they come across strangers. But in eastern Asian countries like Japan, smiles are used differently. Japanese do not readily show their feelings. In Japan, people do not usually smile at a stranger. Ifyou do, you might be consideredimpolite.Case 8 Brent WeberIn American culture, people’spersonal goals take priority overtheir allegiance to groups like thefamily or the employer. The loyaltyof individuals to a group is usuallyweak. Americans are apt to changetheir relationship if it suits theirindividual needs, and they are notlikely to be emotionally dependenton organizations and institutions.In Japanese society, the relationshipbetween an employee and the firm ismuch more interdependent,somewhat similar to a child-motherrelationship where the mother (firm)is obliged to take care of her children(employees) and children(employees) have to obey and followthe commands of their mother (firm).It is not surprising for an Americanto try to find another job before he orshe leaves his or her presentemployer if he or she consider itnecessary for him- or herself.However, this action was regardedby the Japanese firm as disloyal,undermining the trust between thetwo parties. In spite of this, themanager of the firm did not like theparting to be understood as Brentbeing fired, because the appearanceof harmony and agreement withinthe group (the firm in this case) isimportant in Japanese society.Case 16 A missionWhat went wrong in this case?Contrary to general Americanperception, it is considered properbehavior for Japanese to be silent. Itis a discreet way to show respect ifhe listens to others speak rather thanspeaking out. So the Japanesedelegates did what they consideredproper, i.e., listen quietly to what theAmericans had to say. Silence oftenmeans that they are seriouslythinking about the subject at issue.But many Americans will interpretsilence in a conversation to meandisapproval, disagreement, or evenarrogance. This is an example thatillustrates the problem of theso-called “perception-gap”.Participants in communicationperceive each other’s behavior invery different ways, which oftenresults in misunderstanding orconflict.Case 26 Wang PingChinese people seldom hug eachother, particularly in public places. Ifpeople do, a romantic message isusually conveyed. Go to any airportor train station in China, and you willsee scenes of greeting and good-byewith all the feeling expressed in theeyes and the face and in the practicalthings family members and relativesand friends do for each other, but it isunlikely people will hug, with onlyyounger ones as an exception.In contrast, people of Latin Americancultures touch each other incommunication much more thanpeople of some other cultures,especially Eastern Asian cultures. Ata time of meeting a friend or upondeparting, hugging each other is verynatural for Latin American people.On such occasions, hugging has nosexual connotation; it is just like ahandshake in China, but warmer andmore enthusiastic. Women tend tohug each other more than men hugwomen, but both are common. One’sdiscomfort at hugging in suchsituations may be interpreted byLatin American people asunfriendliness.Case 27 The otherAs with smiling, laughing does notalways serve the same function indifferent cultures. Interestingly, forus Chinese, laughing often has aspecial function during tense socialoccasions. People may laugh torelease the tension or embarrassment,to express their concern for you,their intention to put you at ease or tohelp you shrug off theembarrassment. In this case, thepeople there actually wished to laughwith the American rather than at him.Their laughing seemed to convey anumber of messages: don’t take it soseriously; laugh it off, it’s nothing;such things can happen to any of us,etc. unfortunately, the America wasunaware of this. He thought theywere laughing at him, which madehim feel more embarrassed andangry, for in his culture laughing onsuch an occasion would beinterpreted as an insulting response,humiliating and negative.。

跨文化交际案例

案例一：文化休克与教学汉语教师志愿者小胡被分到了加拿大的一所孔子学院，每天的教学任务都是晚上的课程，而且小胡所住的公寓距离上课的地方很远，每天小胡都要在晚上自己打公共交通上下班。

小胡每天下班回家时候都很害怕，久而久之，小胡变得很焦虑，甚至有点抑郁。

她平时是一个内向的姑娘，给家人打电话时候，喜欢报喜不报忧，父母问起她在加拿大的生活时，她也不愿意倾诉她的苦恼。

小胡很长时间都睡不好觉，每天上课也不精神。

只想着早日回国。

分析：小胡作为汉语教师外派志愿者，在异国遇到这样的文化休克，是很正常的。

但是小胡没有采取积极的态度去面对和解决，只是一心想结束任期，是完全不可取的。

在小胡身上发生的这些事情。

我们通过跨文化交际的角度来看，是完全可以避免和解决的。

首先，小胡作为女生不适应每天晚上的课程，可以跟外方学校或孔子学院提出申请，将自己的教学安排在白天，或者有其他教师陪同一起回住所的时间。

其次，小胡应该对这样的事情又积极的态度，积极排解自己的不好情绪。

可以给祖国的家人朋友打电话倾诉，得到来自朋友鼓励和支持，努力适应生活。

更应该外向的与当地的同事其他志愿者好好相处。

积极融入加拿大的生活。

如果真的觉得失眠会造成生活上的问题，应该寻求心理医生的帮助，积极治疗，早日恢复平常状态。

不应该不让心理上的生活上的问题影响自己的教学，反而更加积极地投入教学中，会给自己带来更多的满足感，来自学生的积极的反馈也会使小胡更有动力。

总之，遇到文化休克不可怕，应该主动适应调整，早日度适应跨文化的环境。

案例四：斋戒月与学习老师发现法益在晚上的补习课堂上表现不佳，好几次在老师面前睡着了，交代的课业也没完成，学习效率变差，课堂测试中的表现也很不好。

老师的心里感到十分焦急，这样下去对法益的学习很不利。

可是法益之前的表现一向非常优秀，为何近日却如此反常？下课后，老师向法益了解情况，才得知近日是斋戒月，法益是虔诚的穆斯林，每日清晨4点起身膜拜吃早餐，傍晚7点才可进食，他的生活作息有了巨大变化，无法专心上课和写作业。

跨文化沟通案例

跨文化沟通案例(一)典型案例:飞利浦照明公司某区人力资源的一名美国籍副总裁与一位被认为具有发展潜力的中国员工交谈。

他很想听听这位员工对自己今后五年的职业发展规划以及期望达到的位置。

中国员工并没有正面回答问题，而是开始谈论起公司未来的发展方向、公司的晋升体系，以及目前他本人在组织中的位置等等，说了半天也没有正面回答副总裁的问题。

副总裁有些疑惑不解，没等他说完已经不耐烦了。

同样的事情之前已经发生了好几次。

谈话结束后，副总裁忍不住想人力资源总监抱怨道:“我不过是想知道这位员工对于自己未来五年发展的打算，想要在飞利浦做到什么样的职位而已，可为什么就不能得到明确的回答呢,”“这位老外总裁怎么这样咄咄逼人,”谈话中受到压力的员工也向人力资源总监诉苦。

(二)案例中的文化差异对沟通产生的影响分析在该案例中，副总裁是美国籍人，而那位员工则是中国籍。

显然，对于出生于两个不同的国度的人，中美之间思维方式、生活习惯、文化背景、教育程度、文化差异等多个方面都存在着显著的差异。

正是由于这些文化差异的存在，才使得双方在沟通交流的过程中产生一系列障碍。

案例中“中国员工并没有正面回答问题”，原因可能是多种多样的。

(,)语言障碍、没有理解透彻美国副总裁所说话语的原意。

中文和英文之间存在很大的差异，在我们学习英文的过程中我们可以体会到，对于一个中国人，要完全体会英文背后的文化是很困难的一件事。

例如，“pull one's leg”本意是“开玩笑”，但我们很容易就理解成“拉后腿”的意思了。

(,)思维方式明显不相同。

假设这位中国员工从正面直接回答了副总的问题。

比如，中国员工回答:“……想在五年之内作到营销部经理的职位。

”很显然，按照中国人的传统心理，这样的回答违反了中国人一向谦虚、委婉的心理习惯。

太直接反而暴露出自己很有野心，高傲自大的缺陷。

谦虚也可以给自己留有后路，万一做不到那个理想的位子，也不至于丢面子，被人耻笑。

恰恰相反，美国人一向简单明了，很直接，这也是他们一贯的思维方式。

中西方跨文化交际的案例

中西方跨文化交际的案例一、饮食文化方面。

1. 火锅与西餐。

我有个中国朋友小明去国外留学，在学校里交了个美国朋友杰克。

有一次，小明热情地邀请杰克去吃中国火锅。

杰克一进火锅店就被那热闹的氛围搞懵了。

当服务员端上锅底，各种生的食材，像毛肚、鸭肠、肥牛卷之类的，杰克瞪大了眼睛。

他平时吃西餐，牛排啥的都是煎得好好的端上来。

小明不停地把食材往锅里涮，还热情地给杰克夹菜，说：“这个毛肚啊，七上八下就可以吃了，可嫩了。

”杰克看着那在锅里翻腾的毛肚，犹豫了好久才放进嘴里，然后被那独特的口感惊到了。

而杰克呢，后来回请小明去吃西餐。

小明看着那一小份一小份精致摆盘的食物，心想这哪够吃啊。

他拿起刀叉，感觉特别别扭，不像用筷子那么顺手，还不小心把牛排切得满盘子都是汁水，两个人看着彼此的窘态都哈哈大笑起来。

2. 茶文化与咖啡文化。

有个中国的商务代表团去英国谈合作。

谈判休息期间，英国方面的负责人请中国客人喝咖啡。

对于英国人来说，咖啡是日常社交饮品，他们优雅地拿着咖啡杯，小抿一口，谈论着咖啡的产地和风味。

而中国代表团里有个刘先生，他是个老茶客，平时就爱喝茶。

他看着那一小杯咖啡，心里嘀咕着“这哪有茶喝着舒坦”。

于是他就从包里拿出一小包自己带的茶叶，问英国人有没有热水可以泡茶。

英国人一脸惊讶，他们没想到中国人这么爱喝茶，在他们的概念里，咖啡才是正式的社交饮品。

刘先生就开始给英国人介绍中国的茶文化，从茶叶的种类到泡茶的讲究，什么“春茶最香，不同的茶要用不同的水温泡”之类的。

英国人听着觉得特别新奇，这就像他们对不同咖啡豆烘焙程度的讲究一样，双方因为饮品文化的交流，关系也变得更加融洽了。

二、社交礼仪方面。

1. 见面礼仪。

我的同事小赵去法国出差。

在一个商务会议上，他遇到了很多法国的合作伙伴。

小赵习惯了中国人见面握手的方式，所以他见到法国同事的时候就热情地伸出手去握手。

可是有些法国女士，按照法国的礼仪习惯，是行贴面礼的。

这就有点尴尬了，有个法国女同事愣了一下，然后笑着先和小赵握了手，然后又侧过脸来轻轻贴了一下，还开玩笑地说：“你这个中国的热情握手和我们法国的贴面礼结合得很特别呢。

大学英语跨文化交际案例分析

⼤学英语跨⽂化交际案例分析⼤学英语跨⽂化交际案例分析Case 2 (P8)White Dress⼥王的⽩⾊长裙:Case analysis: The Indian women might think the wedding ceremony is a funeral if they see the western bride in white gown. The case reflects the similes and metaphors in the text.案例分析:印度⼥⼈可能觉得婚礼是⼀个葬礼,如果他们看到西⽅的新娘的⽩⾊礼服。

这个案例反映了明喻和隐喻在⽂本。

Culture is like an iceberg: we can identify the color of the dress worn by women in different cultures, but we do not know the values underneath. Culture is like the water a fish swims in: people wear dress of different colors for different context but they usually take it for granted and never ask why.⽂化是像冰⼭:我们可以辨认颜⾊⾐服的妇⼥所穿不同的⽂化,但我们不知道下⾯的值。

⽂化是像⽔鱼游在:⼈们穿不同颜⾊的⾐服为不同的上下⽂,但他们通常是理所当然的,从不问为什么。

Case 4 (P18)Coconut-skating椰⼦-溜冰:Case analysis: The case reflects the characteristics of culture. We can tell from the case that culture is pervasive and it’s learned.案例分析:这个事件反映了⽂化的特点。

跨文化交际真实案例

跨文化交际真实案例跨文化交际真实案例：我与新西兰室友的交流在我留学新西兰期间，我与新西兰室友之间的跨文化交际经历给我留下了深刻的印象。

下面我将分享其中的十个案例。

1. 宗教差异：我第一次与室友见面时，发现他们祈祷前会合掌，而我习惯合十。

为了避免尴尬，我主动向他们解释我的习惯，并询问他们的宗教信仰，以更好地了解彼此。

2. 饮食文化：我喜欢吃辣的食物，但新西兰人的饮食相对较淡。

为了满足我的口味，我经常自己煮辣味菜肴，但我也尊重他们的饮食习惯，不会强迫他们吃辣。

3. 社交礼仪：在新西兰，人们习惯于亲吻对方的面颊，以示问候和道别。

对于我来说，这种亲昵的举止有些不习惯。

尽管如此，我还是尊重他们的习惯，并逐渐适应了这种方式。

4. 学习风格：在学习上，我习惯于独立思考和解决问题。

而我的室友则更喜欢小组讨论和合作学习。

为了更好地适应新的学习环境，我主动与他们合作，分享我的想法和经验。

5. 社交活动：在新西兰，人们喜欢户外活动，如野餐、露营等。

我之前并不常参加这些活动，但为了更好地融入当地文化，我主动参加了一些户外活动，并与室友一起度过了愉快的时光。

6. 语言障碍：刚来新西兰时，我的英语水平有限，与室友交流存在一定困难。

为了克服语言障碍，我努力学习英语，并与室友多进行口语练习。

他们也很耐心地帮助我纠正语法错误和提升口语表达能力。

7. 文化节日：在新西兰，有许多与当地文化和传统有关的节日。

我利用这些机会了解当地的文化，并主动参加庆祝活动，与室友一起分享和学习。

8. 生活习惯：我在中国习惯于早睡早起，而我的室友则喜欢熬夜。

为了避免互相打扰，我们商量后制定了一些规则，例如在晚上安静不吵闹，相互尊重对方的作息时间。

9. 交通规则：在新西兰，驾驶习惯与中国不同。

我刚来时并不熟悉当地的交通规则，但我室友很耐心地向我解释，并带我一起学习和适应当地的交通环境。

10. 价值观差异：我来自一个重视家庭观念的文化，而我的室友则更注重个人独立和自由。