宾语从句综合分析(时态、语序、引导词-每部分均含讲解、练习和答案)

宾语从句综合分析（时态、语序、引导词，每部分均含讲解、练习及答案）目录：（一）宾语从句基础讲解

（二）宾语从句的转化

（三）典例讲解

因此，简单地来说，整个句子担当宾语成分，那么这样的句子就叫宾语从句。

（一）宾语从句基础讲解

1. 概念: 在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。

E.g. He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)

He asks him how long Mike has been down . (动词宾语)

Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)

2. 连接词

(1) 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。

e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us.

(2) 以 whether 或if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序

E.g. I wonder if /whether u have told the new to Li Lei .

(3) 特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。

E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter/wrong with you?

特殊情况：当do you think后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋do you think＋陈述句语序。

3. 宾语从句时态

a. 当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：

Do you know（if/whether he has seen the film）?

b. 当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：

I didn't know （if/whether he had seen the film.）

注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。

例如：

He said （that the earth moves round the sun.）

The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）

4. 人称的变化和标点的使用

a. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。

(一主二宾三不变)

“May I use your knife？”He asked me.

→He asked me if he might use my knife.

“Do you know her telephone number?” He asked me.

→He asked me if I know her telephone number.

b. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。

主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：

Who will give us a talk? I don’t know. → I don’t know who will give us a talk. Do you know？Where does he live? → Do you know where he lives?

宾语从句小口诀：

宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；

主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；

主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；

陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,

特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。

（二）宾语从句的转化

1. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。

如：

She agreed that she could help me with my maths.

→She agreed to help me with my maths.

2. 当主句的谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。

例如：

I don't know which sweater I should buy.

→I don't know which sweater to buy.

3. 当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell, show, teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”如：→Could you tell me how to get to the park?

4. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：

She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.

→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.

（三）典例讲解