定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习70212
名词性从句和定语从句
名词性从句和定语从句名词性从句和定语从句导语:名词性从句和定语从句的区别有哪些?以下是店铺精心为大家整理的有关名词性从句和定语从句,希望对大家有所帮助,欢迎阅读。
名词性从句一、名词性从句的基本概念在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句,包括作主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
(1)主语从句就是在复合句中作主语的从句。
主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导。
如:Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否来还是问题。
That China is a great socialist country is well known. 众所周知,中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。
注:为避免头重脚轻,使句子平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将主语从句后置。
如上述第二例常说成:It is well known that China is a great socialist country.但是,由连接代词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用形式主语。
如:What he found surprised me greatly. 他的发现使我非常吃惊。
Whoever is finished may rest. 凡是做完工的人都可以休息。
(2)表语从句就是在连系动词之后作表语的从句。
引导表语从句的连接除与引导主语从句的连接词外,还有as if, as though。
如:The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 问题是他能否单独做这件事。
It looks as if (though) it is going to snow. 天好像要下雪似的。
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
定语从句与名词性从句的区别定语从句和名词性从句在英语语法中扮演着重要的角色,它们都是相对子句,用来修饰名词或充当名词的作用。
尽管这两个从句在表达方式和功能上有所不同,但很多学习者对它们的区别存在一定的困惑。
本文将重点探讨定语从句和名词性从句的区别。
一、定语从句定语从句是一种用来修饰名词或代词的从句,通常用来对主句中的主语或宾语进行进一步的补充说明。
定语从句通常由关系代词(如that, who, whom, whose, which)或关系副词(如where, when, why)引导,位于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:1. The book that is on the table is mine.(那本在桌子上的书是我的。
)2. The boy who is playing basketball is my friend.(正在打篮球的那个男孩是我的朋友。
)3. This is the house where I used to live.(这是我过去住的房子。
)定语从句的特点是:它修饰的名词或代词是主句中的主语或宾语,经常提供更多的信息,进一步限定名词的范围和意义。
定语从句一般不可省略,如果要省略,通常是省略关系代词或关系副词。
二、名词性从句名词性从句是一种用来充当名词在句中的作用的从句。
它可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语等成分,用来表示具体的事物、概念、状态或行为等。
名词性从句通常由连接词(如that, whether/if, why, what, who, whom, how等)引导。
例如:1. What he said is true.(他所说的是真的。
)2. I don't know whether it will rain tomorrow.(我不知道明天是否会下雨。
)3. She asked him why he was late.(她问他为什么迟到。
)名词性从句的特点是:它在句中充当名词的作用,可以起到与名词相同的句法和语义作用,如主语、宾语、表语等。
定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习复习进程
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
e.g. She is the girl who talked to me yesterday.名词性从句(Noun Clauses)---主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语的成份。
e.g. I don’t know who she is. (宾语)This is why I came here.(表语)区别:第一,定语从句有先行词,且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整;名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词,同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分。
e.g. The news that they told me excited me.(the news可以放入从句中,使句子完整,即they told me the news)The news that our team won excited me.(the news无法放入从句中,所以是同位语从句)第二,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
第三,最关键也是最重要的区别:1.名词性从句和定语从句的最本质的不同点在于,前者在句子中做名词,而后者相当于形容词,修饰或限制名词或代词。
名词性从句由that引导时,通常不充当从句的句子成分,故that 可省去。
但定语从句由that引导时,如在从句中充当主语时,则that不能省去。
2.使用中最大的区别:定语从句由于在句子中只作定语,故去掉它,整个句子还完整,就像普通的句子去掉一个定语不影响原句的完整性一样。
定语从句和名词性从句的区别与联系
定语从句和名词性从句的区别与联系在英语语法中,定语从句和名词性从句是两种不同类型的从句结构。
它们在用法、作用以及句子结构上存在一些区别和联系。
本文将对定语从句和名词性从句的区别和联系进行详细解释。
一、定语从句的定义和用法定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句结构,在句子中起到定语的作用。
定语从句通常由一个关系词(如that, which, who, whom, whose 等)引导,并将两个句子连接起来。
在句子中,定语从句常常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,对其进行进一步的说明或限制。
例如:1. The book that you lent me is very interesting.(你借给我的那本书非常有趣。
)2. The woman who is talking to our teacher is my mother.(正在和我们的老师交谈的那个女人是我妈妈。
)二、名词性从句的定义和用法名词性从句(Noun Clauses)是用来充当名词的从句结构,可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语、插入语等成分,起到名词的作用。
名词性从句可以由连接词(如that, whether, if, what, who, whom, whose, which等)引导。
在句子中,名词性从句通常可以替代一个名词或代词的位置,充当句子的一个成分。
例如:1. What he said is true.(他所说的是真实的。
)- 名词性从句作主语2. I don't know where she lives.(我不知道她住在哪里。
)- 名词性从句作宾语三、区别与联系1. 语法结构区别:定语从句通常由关系词引导,而名词性从句则由连接词引导。
定语从句的句子结构较为复杂,需要注意关系词的位置和引导的作用。
名词性从句则比较简洁,直接替代名词的位置。
2. 作用和功能区别:定语从句主要用来修饰名词或代词,进一步说明或限制其意义。
定语从句和名词性从句讲解和练习
关 系 代 词
She is the girl( who sings best of all.)
主语 谓语
注: who是指 是指the girl(指人 在 指人),在 是指 指人 从句中作主语,因此谓语动 从句中作主语 因此谓语动 词用单词形式. 词用单词形式
关系代词: 关系代词 who,whom,whose,that,which 关系副词: 关系副词
4)Here comes the man _________English whose is excellent. 5) I live in the house __________ window whose faces the south. 6.That is the day________I was born. when 7.That is the place _______ I was born. where why 6) That is the reason_________I was late . for school.
when,where,why,how
关系代词和关系副词的用法 1) 当先行词为人时 作主语时用 who/that 作宾语时用 作定语时用 2.先行时为物时用 that /which 先行时为物时用 whom whose
3) 先行词为人 物时 先行词为人,物时 物时--
that 作状语-作状语 This
is the museum _______ we visited last year .
This is the museum ____ my father used to where work .
when I studied in I will never forget the days ______
名词性从句与定语从句的专门讲解及配套练习题(附答案)
语法系列复习专题-----定语从句、名词从句(一)定语从句:一、基本概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的,起定语从句的作用句子叫定语从句。
如:Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now?That is the house where he lived ten years ago.定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作从句中的一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系代词有:that, who, whom, whose, which;关系副词有:when, where, why.关系词的作用:1.连接句子2.代替先行词3.在句子中担当成分二、关系词的用法:(一)关系代词的用法:1.作主语用who, which和that, 如:He is the man who/that lives next door.The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen.2.作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如:The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer.Where is the book (which/that) I bought last week?注:在非正式文体中,用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略,但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略,但在正式文体中一般不省略。
3.作定语用whose, 如:(a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week.(b) It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time.注:“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语(如上a句),又能作宾语(如上b句)。
定语从句与名词性从句的区别与联系
定语从句与名词性从句的区别与联系定语从句和名词性从句是英语语法中两个常见的从句类型。
它们在句法结构、用途和语义上存在一定的区别与联系。
本文将详细探讨定语从句与名词性从句的区别与联系,并给出一些例句来加以说明。
一、定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
它一般用来对前面的名词或代词进行限制或说明。
定语从句通常由关系代词(如that, which, who, whom等)或关系副词(如when, where, why等)引导,并且与先行词在性、数和格上要保持一致。
定语从句的作用是给予名词或代词更多的信息,帮助读者或听者更好地理解所描述的事物。
它可以出现在句首、句中或句末,具体位置取决于句子的结构和表达的需要。
下面是一些例句,说明定语从句的用法:1. The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书很有趣。
2. The girl who is standing over there is my sister.站在那边的那个女孩是我的妹妹。
3. This is the house where I was born.这是我出生的那个房子。
二、名词性从句名词性从句是充当名词的从句,可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语或介词宾语的功能。
名词性从句用来引导一个完整的句子,其结构相对独立,不依赖于其他成分。
名词性从句的引导词包括:that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where, why等。
不同的引导词代表不同的语义关系和句法功能。
下面是一些例句,说明名词性从句的用法:1. What she said is true.她所说的是真实的。
2. I don't know whether/if he will come to the party.我不知道他是否会来参加派对。
名词性从句与定语从句区别及练习
3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. __A_n_y_o_n__e_ _w__h_o__ breaks the law is to be punished. 4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _a_n_y_o_n_e_ w__h_o_ needs it most. 5. We’ll remember whomever we turned to for help. We’ll remember _A__n_y_o_n_e_ _(_w_h_o_m__) we turned to for help. 6. They will do whatever he wants them to do. They will do _a_n_y_th_i_n_g_ _th_a_t___he wants them to do. 7. I’ll read whichever book you give me. I’ll read _a_n_y_ of the books _t_h_a_t_ you give me.
9. The days are gone forever when we used foreign oil.
10. As we all know, China is a developing country. 11. This is the village where my father once lived
6、其余问题:
1. 误:I don't know if he comes back this month. 正:I don't know if he will come back this month.
定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习
定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习定语从句和名词性从句在句子中的作用不同。
定语从句是用来修饰先行词的,而名词性从句则是用来充当名词在句子中的作用,可以作为主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
定语从句需要先行词来引导,而名词性从句则可以独立存在。
例如,定语从句可以这样使用:___ 这里,定语从句“who talked to me yesterday”修饰先行词“girl”。
而名词性从句可以这样使用:I don’t know who she is。
这里,“who she is”是一个宾语从句,作为整个句子的宾语。
总之,定语从句和名词性从句都是从句的一种,但它们在句子中的作用和使用方式有所不同。
需要根据具体语境和语法结构来正确使用。
___。
___ "that"。
it usually does not ___ clause。
so "that" can be omitted。
However。
when an adjective clause is ___ "that" and serves as the subject in the clause。
"that" ___.___ sentence。
so if it is removed。
the sentence remains complete。
just ___。
___ subjects。
objects。
or complements。
if they are removed。
the original ___。
in sentence A。
if the subject clause "That he has e a rich man" is removed。
the original sentence "is known to all in our town" es ___ B。
名词性从句和定语从句辨析练习
名词性从句与定语从句的相似之处与区别
相似之处
两者都是从句,都起到修饰限定名词或代词的作用。
区别
名词性从句可以独立存在,而定语从句不能独立存在;名词性从句在句子中主要充当主语、宾 语和表语,而定语从句主要起定语作用,修饰限定名词或代词。
02
名词性从句的种类与用法
主语从句的种类与用法
种类
由一个句子充当主语,引导词有what、who、 which等。
THANKS
感谢观看
限定性定语从句不能省略,否则主句意思不完整。 02
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,与先行 03 词保持紧凑的关系。
非限定性定语从句的种类与用法
01 非限定性定语从句对名词或代词进行补充说明, 不会对其意义加以限定。
02 非限定性定语从句可以省略,不会影响主句意思 的完整性。
02 非限定性定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,用逗 号与主句隔开,起到补充说明的作用。
04
析练习
从句类型的判断练习
判断从句类型
根据句子结构和从句在句子中的作用 ,判断从句是名词性从句还是定语从 句。
识别引导词
观察从句的引导词,名词性从句通常 使用连词that、whether等,而定语 从句则使用关系代词或关系副词引导 。
从句引导词的选择练习
选择合适的引导词
根据从句类型和句子意义,选择合适的引导词填入从句中,使句子完整通顺。
名词性从句和定语从 句辨析练习
目录
• 名词性从句和定语从句的定义与特 点
• 名词性从句的种类与用法 • 定语从句的种类与用法 • 名词性从句和定语从句的辨析练习
名词性从句和定语从句的定
01
义与特点
名词性从句的定义与特点
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
定语从句与名词性从句的区别在英语语法中,定语从句和名词性从句都是从句的一种,它们在句法功能和用法上有一定的区别。
本文将探讨定语从句和名词性从句的区别,帮助读者理解并正确运用这两种从句。
一、定语从句的概念和用法定语从句用来修饰或限定先行词,进一步说明或描述先行词的特征或属性。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,它们在从句中充当某个成分。
定语从句的引导词包括关系代词(如that, who, whom, whose, which)和关系副词(如where, when, why)。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书很有趣。
在这个例子中,定语从句"that I bought yesterday" 修饰先行词 "book",进一步说明了这本书的购买时间。
二、名词性从句的概念和用法名词性从句在句子中充当名词的角色,它可以作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。
名词性从句通常由连接词引导,包括连词(如that, whether, if)和疑问词(如who, what, when, where, why, how)。
名词性从句的用法主要有以下几种:1. 主语从句Whether he will come is still uncertain.他是否会来仍然不确定。
2. 宾语从句She asked me if I could help her.她问我是否能帮她。
3. 表语从句The question is whether we should go or stay.问题是我们是否应该去还是留下。
4. 宾语补足语从句I know what you mean.我明白你的意思。
名词性从句的引导词根据从句在句子中的功能确定使用何种连接词。
三、定语从句和名词性从句的区别定语从句和名词性从句的区别主要体现在从句的功能上。
高中英语知识点归纳名词性从句和定语从句的区别
高中英语知识点归纳名词性从句和定语从句的区别高中英语知识点归纳——名词性从句和定语从句的区别在高中英语学习的过程中,名词性从句和定语从句是两个重要的语法知识点。
虽然它们都是从句,但是它们在句子结构和句意表达上有着明显的区别。
本文将对名词性从句和定语从句的区别进行归纳总结。
一、名词性从句名词性从句(Noun Clauses)是在句子中充当名词的从句,可以作主语、宾语、表语等。
1. 主语从句主语从句通常出现在句子的主语位置,起到主语的作用。
例如:What he said really surprised me.(他说的话真让我吃惊。
)2. 宾语从句宾语从句通常出现在动词的宾语位置,作为动作的对象。
例如:She asked me where I was going.(她问我去哪里。
)3. 表语从句表语从句通常出现在系动词后面,与主语有直接的关系。
例如:The fact is that he is not coming.(事实是,他不会来。
)4. 同位语从句同位语从句通常用来解释或说明名词,起到进一步说明的作用。
例如:I heard the news that she got the first prize.(我听说她得了第一名。
)名词性从句的特点是,它可以独立存在,具备句子的主要成分,并且可以由疑问词引导(例如:who, where, why等)或者由连词引导(例如:that, whether)。
二、定语从句定语从句(Adjective Clauses)用来修饰名词或代词,起到限制和说明的作用。
1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对被修饰的名词有限制性的说明,没有它,句意就不完整。
例如:The house that stands at the corner is mine.(位于拐角的那座房子是我的。
)2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句对被修饰的名词有进一步的解释或说明,即使去掉也不会影响句意的完整性。
语法全解析定语从句和名词性从句的区别
语法全解析定语从句和名词性从句的区别定语从句和名词性从句是英语语法中的两个重要概念,它们都是句子中的从句,但在用法和功能上存在一些明显的区别。
本文将对定语从句和名词性从句进行全面解析,并详细讨论它们之间的区别。
一、定语从句介绍定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,用来进一步说明或限定其指代的名词或代词。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
如:that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
它可以出现在句中的不同位置,对主句的名词或代词起一个修饰、限定的作用。
二、名词性从句介绍名词性从句是充当名词的从句,可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或介词宾语,并且具备名词的一切特征。
名词性从句通常由连接词引导,如that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which等。
名词性从句能够完成与名词或代词相同的功能,是表达复杂意思时的必备工具。
三、定语从句与名词性从句的区别1.功能区别:定语从句是对句子中的名词或代词进行修饰、限定,起到形容词的作用。
而名词性从句则是在句子中充当名词的角色,可以作为主语、宾语等。
例子:定语从句:The car that she bought is very expensive.(修饰名词car)名词性从句:What she bought is a car.(作为主语)2.引导词区别:定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,而名词性从句则由连接词引导。
例子:定语从句:This is the book that I want to read.(关系代词that)名词性从句:I don't know what I should do.(连接词what)3.位置区别:定语从句可以出现在主句的前面、中间或后面,而名词性从句通常出现在主句的后面。
例子:定语从句:I have a friend who is a doctor.(定语从句在主句之后)名词性从句:I don't know where he lives.(名词性从句在主句之后)4.意义区别:定语从句给主句的名词或代词限定范围,强调特定的事物或人。
定语从句和名词性从句的区别
定语从句和名词性从句的区别定语从句是英语中一种常见的从句结构,用来修饰和限定名词或代词的意义,常常用来对主句中的名词进行补充说明和描述。
而名词性从句则是指在句中充当名词的成分,可以作为主语、宾语、表语或同位语等。
虽然两者都是从句,但在用法和功能上有着明显的区别。
1. 定语从句定语从句是对主句中的名词或代词进行修饰和限定的从句。
一般情况下,定语从句都紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,修饰该名词或代词的属性和特征。
定语从句通常由关系代词(如that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(如where, when, why)引导。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
)在这个例句中,定语从句“that I borrowed from the library”修饰和限定了主句中的名词“book”,指定了这本书的来源。
2. 名词性从句名词性从句在句中充当名词的成分,可以作为主语、宾语、表语或同位语等,具有名词的功能。
名词性从句可以由连接代词(如what, which, who, whom, whose)或连接副词(如where, when, why, how)引导。
例如:What she said surprised me.(她所说的让我感到惊讶。
)在这个例句中,名词性从句“What she said”作为主语,起到了名词的作用。
区别总结:(1)引导词不同:定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,而名词性从句由连接代词或连接副词引导。
(2)作用不同:定语从句用于修饰和限定名词或代词的属性和特征,名词性从句作为名词在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语等。
(3)位置不同:定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,名词性从句可以在句子的任意位置。
总之,定语从句和名词性从句在用法和功能上有明显的区别。
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
• = Shanghai is no longer what it used to be.
• (what引导的表语从句:what在从句中充当表语)
• → That is all that I want to say.
• 那就是我想说的。
• (that引导的定语从句:修饰限定先行词all;并在从句中作宾语)
引导词的不同:
不会出现在名词从 句中的关系词:
不会出现在定语从 句中的关系词:
1
且 when, where
等不能与
in/on/at which
互换。
2
whether, if, what,
3
as,
how
4
• 1) ____________ is known to everyone that Taiwan is part of China.
3.介词后面的which和what的使用区别:
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定语从句和名词性从句的区别和比较
定语从句和名词性从句考点一关系代词引导的定语从句1.whose是一个表示所属关系的词;在定语从句中作定语;of which可以代替whose 指物;词序一般是名词+of which或of which+名词..of whom 可以代替whose指人;词序是名词+of whom..Many children;whose parents are away working in big cities;are taken good care of in the village.父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好..The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中..2.which;that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词;在从句中可作主语、宾语等..先行词既有人又有物时;关系代词用that;which代指前面整个句子内容..They talked for about an hour of things and people that they remembered in the school.关于他们记得的上学时的人和事;他们讨论了一小时..The Internet is a huge computer system which/that allows millions of people around the world to share information.因特网是一个庞大的计算机系统;它使得世界上成千上万的人们共享信息成为可能.. 3.who;whom;that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词;在从句中可作主语、宾语等..The settlement is home to nearly 1;000 people;many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.近千人在这一社区居住;他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的..考点二介词提前了的定语从句1.与定语从句中的动词构成搭配..In the dark street;there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助..2.与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配..Patience;without which you can't do the work well;is a kind of quality.耐心是一种品质..没有了耐心;你不能做好工作..3.of+which/whom表示所属关系..表所属关系也可用whoseRecently I bought an ancient vase;the price of which=whose pricewas very reasonable.最近我买了个古老的花瓶;它的价钱很合理..考点三关系副词引导的定语从句1.关系副词在定语从句中作状语;when指时间;where指地点;why指原因;在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语..Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少..After graduation I'd like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school.毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份工作..2.先行词是时间名词或地点名词时;如果在从句中不作状语;则不能用when或where 引导定语从句;而要用which/that..Is this the reasonthat /whichhe gave us for the delay of the project这是他给出工程推迟的原因吗考点四先行词为point; situation; case等的定语从句point;situation;case;activity等;从表面上看它们不是表地点的;但却表示类似地点的意义;因此它们作先行词时;如果引导词在从句中作状语;那么这个引导词要用where;如果不作状语;则用关系代词that/which..It's helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves different.where作状语把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益..I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.where作状语我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段..Now there is just one point that/which I wish you make quite clear.which/that 作宾语现在只有一点我希望你弄清楚..考点五主语从句主语从句在主句中作主语;位于主句谓语动词之前;但多数情况下由it作形式主语;而把真正的主语放在句子的后面;其句型结构为:It+be+n./adj.+that/whether/why/when+从句..It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.我真的没有想到你能说服他改变主意..It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about;although about two thousand patients have taken it.尽管已经有两千名病人服用了这种药品;但是;这种药品会带来什么副作用还不明确.. Whether there are living creatures in the outer space as those on Earth hasn't been proved up to now.外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物迄今尚未确定考点六同位语从句1.同位语从句常放在fact;news;idea;truth;hope;problem;information;belief;thought;doubt 等名词的后面;是对前面的名词作进一步的解释;说明前面名词的具体含义..There seems to be no possibility that Li Hua can win the first prize in the 100meter race.看起来似乎李华在一百米比赛中没有可能获得一等奖..There is a popular belief among the Europeans that chicken soup can help cure flu.欧洲人普遍相信鸡汤可以帮助治愈流感..The question has been raised at the meeting whether each member country should equally share the expense of the committee.每一个成员国是否均等分担委员会的费用在会议上提出..I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来..2.同位语从句与定语从句的区别:同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明;引导词只起引导作用;不在句中作任何成分;一般不可省略..定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制;引导词在句中作一定的句子成分..The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校..此句为同位语从句;进一步解释“the news”的内容The news you told me yesterday was really disappointing.你昨天告诉我的消息真的很令人失望..此句是定语从句;它指的是“你昨天告诉我的那个消息”考点七表语从句表语从句在句中作表语;位于主句的系动词之后..引导表语从句的连词有that;whether;as if;疑问代词有who;what;which;疑问副词where;why;when;how 等..The problem is that we don't have much time left.问题是我们剩下的时间很少.. My question is who is responsible for all this.我的问题是谁对这事负责..考点八“疑问词+ever”与“no matter+疑问词”的区别“疑问词+ever”与“no matter+疑问词”虽然都有“无论……”的意思;但是用法有区别:“疑问词+ever”既可以引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句;而“no matter +疑问词只能用来引导状语从句..The poor young man is ready to accept whatever help he can get.这位可怜的年青人无论什么样的帮助都乐意接受..The how to book can be of help to whoever wants to do the job.指南类的书对想从事这项工作的人会有帮助..Whatever/No matter what you say ;I will not believe you.无论你说什么;我都不会相信你..语法训练1.2011年高考重庆卷 It is still under discussion________ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A.whether B.whenC.which D.where解析:本题考查名词性从句..句意:那个旧公交车站是否应该被一家现代化宾馆所取代仍在讨论中..“It”作形式主语;“________the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not”作真正的主语..根据句意及题干中的“or not”可知答案为whether;“whether...or not”在名词性从句中意为:是否..答案:A2.2011年高考湖南卷Before a problem can be solved; it must be obvious________the problem itself is.A.what B.thatC.which D.why解析:本题考查名词性从句..句意:在一个问题得到解决之前;必须要清楚问题本身是什么..根据句子结构可知it作形式主语;后面的“________ the problem itself is ”作真正的主语;该从句缺少表语;故用what引导..答案:A3.2011年高考四川卷The school shop;________customers are mainly students;is closed for the holidays.A.which B.whoseC.when D.where解析:句意:这家校内商店放假时关门;它的顾客主要是学生..考查定语从句..本句没有并列连词也没有从属连词;故可判断逗号后面是非限制性定语从句;本句先行词是the school shop;还原到从句后为:The school shop's customers are mainly students.因此选B;用whose引导定语从句;关系代词whose在从句中作定语..答案:B4.2011年高考山东卷The old town has narrow streets and small houses________are built close to each other.A.they B.whereC.what D.that解析:句意:这个古老的小镇拥有建造得彼此靠得很近的狭窄街道和小房子..本题考查定语从句..先行词是narrow streets and small houses;还原到从句中作主语;所以用关系代词that..A和C不能引导定语从句;B是关系副词;不能作主语..答案:D5.2011年高考湖南卷Julie was good at German; French and Russian;all of________she spoke fluently.A.who B.whomC.which D.that解析:句意:Julie擅长德语、法语和俄语;所有的三门语言她都说得很流利..先行词为German;French;Rus sian;代入定语从句后为:She spoke all of the three languages fluently.由此可见;先行词在定语从句中作of的宾语;先行词指“物”;且介词提前;故用which..答案:C6.2012年武汉联考Faced with trouble or difficulty;a person takes________ help that is available.A.whatever B.wheneverC.wherever D.however解析:句意:面对困难或挫折;一个人会接受任何可能得到的帮助..whatever在此修饰help;意为“无论什么”;而其他三个选项;不作形容词;不能修饰名词;故排除..答案:A7. 2011年银川调研She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do________ it takes to save her life.A.whichever B.howeverC.whatever D.whoever解析:句意:她对我们弥足珍贵..我们已经准备好尽一切努力挽救她的生命..这里的whatever既作take的宾语;也引导do后的宾语从句..答案:C8.2011年郑州调研Being angry is OK; but knowing how to tell someone________made you angry is important.A.that B.whichC.why D.what解析:考查名词性从句..句意:生气没什么;但是知道如何告诉别人什么导致你生气是很重要的..tell someone之后是宾语从句;且从句缺少主语;因此空处填what..答案:D9.Mother bought many tomatoes from the market two days ago; ________some have gone bad due to the bad weather.A.of those B.from whichC.of which D.in which解析:考查定语从句..此处表示“其中的一些西红柿”;故用“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句..答案:C10.Everyone will go through life's stages of ups and downs;________self respect plays a key role in the maturity of a person.A.when B.whichC. asD. that解析:考查定语从句..句意:每个人都将经历人生的浮沉阶段;其间;自尊在一个人的成熟过程中起着关键作用..根据句意可知;后半句是定语从句;when在从句中作状语..答案:A11.2012年扬州测试________you didn't know the rules won't be an excuse for your failure to report.A.That B.WhereC.What D.Why解析:考查主语从句..句意:不要把你不知道规则作为你报道失败的借口..that 引导陈述句作主语;that不能省略..答案:A12.2012年南京模拟In recent years; there has been a heated argument about________it is necessary for children to learn English from an early age.A.whether B.ifC.what D.that解析:考查宾语从句..空白处在介词about之后;表示“是否”之意;且在介词之后引导宾语从句;只能用whether;介词后通常不用if引导宾语从句..答案:A 13.The whole family were worried about Jane because no one was aware________she had gone.A.that where B.of the place whichC.of what D.of where解析:句意:全家人都为詹妮担心;因为没人知道她去哪里了..be aware of知道;为固定搭配;where引导的从句作介词of的宾语..答案:D14.As a teacher;I seldom give my students so difficult a problem________they cannot work out.A.that B. ifC.in order that D.as解析:句意:作为老师;我很少给我的学生难以解决的问题..先行词为so difficult a problem;代入定语从句后为:They cannot work out so difficult a problem.由此可见先行词在定语从句中作宾语..“so或such+名词”作先行词、且先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时;需用as引导定语从句..本题易误选为A项;用that引导状语从句;但状语从句应是完整的;所以;如选A项;题干应该为:As a teacher;I seldom give my students so difficult a problem that they cannot work it out.作为老师;我很少给我的学生如此难的问题以至他们不能解决..答案:D15.-How are you getting along with your project-I was about to give up when an idea occurred to me________I could work with my roommate Tim.A.that B.howC.why D.whether解析:考查名词性从句..从句I could work with my roommate Tim句意完整;不缺少成分;因此使用that引导同位语从句解释说明idea的内容..答案:A。
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
定语从句与名词性从句的区别定语从句和名词性从句是英语语法中两个重要的句子结构,它们在句子中分别起到修饰名词和作为名词的作用。
尽管在形式和功能上有相似之处,但它们在使用上有一些明显的区别。
本文将就定语从句和名词性从句的定义、结构、用法和区别进行详细解释。
一、定义和结构1. 定语从句定语从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句,它可以提供更多的信息来描述或限定该名词或代词,并且一般出现在被修饰名词或代词的后面。
定语从句的结构为:“关系词 + 主句”。
其中,关系词可以是关系代词(如that, who, whom, whose, which)或关系副词(如where, when, why)。
关系词在从句中充当成分的作用,与主句的某个成分有关联。
2. 名词性从句名词性从句是用来充当名词的从句,可以在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语等名词的作用。
名词性从句的结构变化较大,可以由连接词that 引导(比如在主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句中),也可以由特殊疑问词(如who, what, when, where, why, how)引导。
名词性从句和主句之间没有直接联系,它们之间并列,没有担任修饰作用。
二、用法1. 定语从句的用法定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,提供对其更详细的描述,起到限制或补充的作用。
它可以用来修饰人、动物、物品或整个句子。
例1: The teacher who taught me math is very strict.教我数学的那位老师非常严格。
例2: The book that you lent me is really interesting.你借给我的那本书真的很有趣。
2. 名词性从句的用法名词性从句可以充当名词在句子中的任何作用,如主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
它们引导的从句可以提供更多的信息或回答特定的问题。
例1: What he said is true.他所说的是真的。
(名词性从句作主语)例2: I don't know where she lives.我不知道她住在哪里。
定语从句与名词性从句两种从句的区别
定语从句与名词性从句两种从句的区别定语从句和名词性从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句结构。
它们在句子中充当不同的语法功能,有着不同的使用方法和特点。
下面将详细介绍定语从句和名词性从句的区别。
一、定语从句的特点和用法定语从句在句子中充当定语的作用,用来修饰和限定一个名词或代词。
定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,在句中紧跟被修饰的名词或代词。
1. 引导词的选择关系代词作为定语从句的引导词,包括:who、whom、whose、which和that。
关系副词也可以作为定语从句的引导词,包括:where、when和why。
例如:- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(那个站在那边的女孩是我的姐姐。
)2. 关系词在定语从句中的作用关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在定语从句中充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语。
例如:- The book which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)- This is the place where I was born.(这就是我出生的地方。
)3. 定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,位置相对固定。
例如:- The house that stands on the hill is very beautiful.(那座建在山上的房子非常漂亮。
)二、名词性从句的特点和用法名词性从句在句子中充当名词的作用,可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
名词性从句使用较为灵活,可以由连接代词、连接副词或连接词组引导。
1. 引导词的选择名词性从句的引导词包括:that、if、whether、who、whom、whose、which、when、where和why。
例如:- I don't know what he said in the meeting.(我不知道他在会议上说了什么。
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定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
. She is the girl who talked to me yesterday.名词性从句(Noun Clauses)---主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语的成份。
. I don’t know who she is. (宾语)This is why I came here.(表语)区别:第一,定语从句有先行词,且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整;名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词,同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分。
. The news that they told me excited me.(the news可以放入从句中,使句子完整,即they told me the news)The news that our team won excited me.(the news无法放入从句中,所以是同位语从句)第二,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语,修饰主句的某个名词性成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
第三,最关键也是最重要的区别:1.名词性从句和定语从句的最本质的不同点在于,前者在句子中做名词,而后者相当于形容词,修饰或限制名词或代词。
名词性从句由that引导时,通常不充当从句的句子成分,故that 可省去。
但定语从句由that引导时,如在从句中充当主语时,则that不能省去。
2.使用中最大的区别:定语从句由于在句子中只作定语,故去掉它,整个句子还完整,就像普通的句子去掉一个定语不影响原句的完整性一样。
但名词性从句由于它们充当的是句子的骨干成分(主语,宾语或表语),故去掉它们,原句就不通了。
如下面的A句,去掉了主语从句That he has become a rich man ,原句变成is known to all in our town。
就失去了完整性。
而B句,去掉定语从句部分that is on the desk后,原句变成The pen is mine还是通的。
A:That he has become a rich man is known to all in our town .B:The pen that is on the desk is mine .【各个击破】名词性从句1.He got angry with _______she said.A.that B.which C.what D. all what2.Can’t you find out ______ wrong with the TV set.A.which B.that’s C.what’s D. where is3. ______ they will have a good harvest this year is still unknown.A.Whether B.If C.Which D. That4.All the books are here.You may borrow _____ you like.A.which B.that C.what D. whichever5.The news _____ to Mount Tai during the summer holidays delighted all of us.A.we would go B.which we would go C.that we would go D. would go 6.We could hardly understand _____.A.what the man was talking about B.that the man was talking aboutC.what was the man talking about D.the man was talking about what 7._____ is that I have promised to make friends with the dishonest girl.A.The only thing what I regret B. What I regret mostC.All what I really regret most D. What that I regret most8.______ she is living now is not known to anybody.A.What B.When C.Where D. Why9.This is _____ the river has been polluted.A.what B.why C.that D. whether10.That is ______ he was born.A.what B.that C.where D. whether1.This is the factory ______ they visited the other day.A.that B.where C.to which D.what2.Jeanne was her old friend,_____ she borrowed a necklace.A.from who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom3. This book is for the students _____ native language is not English.A.that B.of whom C.whose D.who4.Are you the man _____ bicycle was stolenA.who is B.whose C.his D.of which the5. I don’t like the way ___ he spoke to me.A. whatB. by whichC. by thatD. /6. He makes good use of the time ______ he can spare.A.that B.in which C.in that D.when7.“Those _____ to see the new film write down your names,please.”A.want B.who C.that wants D.who want8. Xiao Huang,___ your good friend, will try her best to help you out.A.who is B.who am C.that am D.what is9. He has two Chinese-English dictionaries,____ were bought last week.A.two of which B.both of which C.both of them D.all of whom 10.A saleswoman is _____ sells goods.A.a thing that B.something that C.a woman who D.a woman what1. Is this the factory _____ you visited the other dayA. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the one2. Is this factory ____ some foreign friends visited last FridayA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one3. Is this the factory _____ he worked ten years agoA. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one4. The wolves hid themselves in the places _____couldn’t be found.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that5. The reason is ____he is unable to operate the machine.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether6. May the fourth is the day ____ we Chinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which7. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents and some relatives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. where8. He has two sons, __________ work as chemists.A. two of whomB. both of whomC. both of whichD. all of whom9. Who can think of a situation ____ this idiom can be usedA. whichB. thatC. whereD. in that10. ____ people spend so much money on their pets ____ us a lot.A. That; surprisesB. What; surprisingC. How; are surprisedD. That; is surprised11. The thought____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wifeA. thatB. whatC. whetherD. ifA. ThatB. WhatC. WhichD. Whethercouldn’t understand was ____fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lesson.A. What; whyB. That; whatC. What; becauseD. Why; that14. What the doctors really doubt is ____ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. whenB. howC. whetherD. whyleaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A. AnyoneB. The personC. WhoeverD. Who16. Go and get your coat. It’s ____you left it.A. thereB. whereC. there whereD. where there17. No one can be sure____ in a million years.A. what man will look likeB. what will man look likeC. man will look like whatD. what look will man like扬大附中张兆祥高三英语复习答案一、1-5 CCADC6-10ABCBC二、1-5 ABCDA6-10BDDAD11-15 ACBDC三、1-5ADBAD6-10CDADB11-15 CAABD16-20ACCBA。