三大从句之宾语从句
初中三大从句
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初中三大从句一、中考要求:宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句的用法是中考热点之一,主要考查三种从句的引导词的选择;宾语从句的语序和时态;状语从句主要考查时间状语从句、条件状语从句、因果状语从句,特别是条件状语从句的时态、so… that引导的结果状语从句和目的状语从句等。
二、知识要点:1. 宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句,中考主要考查的知识点有三个:引导词、语序和时态。
宾语从句的引导词有三种:1)that;2)whether/ if;3)特殊疑问词What/ when/ where/ who等。
例如:He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。
Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week.你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。
Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin?你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗?1) 以that引导的宾语从句:that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。
Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句:从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,变成从句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。
whether和if意思是“是否”。
Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
中考英语三大从句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句)
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【中考英语专项复习——宾语从句】(一)宾语从句得种类宾语从句在句中作及物动词得宾语,或介词得宾语,或形容词得宾语。
根据引导宾语从句得不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导得宾语从句。
that只有语法作用,没有实在得意义,在口语与非正式文体中可以省略、例如:He said (that) he wanted to stayat home。
She doesn’tknow (that)she is seriously ill.I am sure(that)hewill succeed。
2。
由连接代词who,whom, whose,what, which与连接副词when, where,why,how引导得宾语从句。
这些连接代词与连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:ﻫDoyouknowwho (whom) theyare waiting for?He asked whosehandwritingwas thebest、Can you tell me wherethe No.3busstopis?Idon't know why the train islate。
3。
由if或whether引导得宾语从句。
if与whether在句中得意思就是“就是否”。
例如:ﻫI want toknow if (whether) helives there.ﻫHe asked me whether(if)Icould help him、ﻫ(二)宾语从句得语序宾语从句得语序应为陈述句得语序。
例如:ﻫIhear (that) physicsisn’t easy、ﻫI think (that) you willlike this school soon、ﻫCan yo utellme howIcanget to zoo?ﻫPleasetell mewhenwe’ll have the meeting。
(三)宾语从句得时态1ﻫ。
2025年中考英语三大从句--宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句
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(6)since引导的时间状语从句,表示“自……以来”,主句用一 般现在时或现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
双有连词(有意义且作成分)
连接代词:what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), whose
连接副词:when, where, why, how
What he wants is a bag.
2、宾语从句的语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,不管充当宾语从句的句子原来是什 么语序,构成宾语从句时一定要用陈述语序。
5、结果状语从句
引导词有so (that), so…that …, such…that …等 We have so much time that we can finish the work very well. 我们有如此多的时间,以至于我们能很好地完成工作。
6、让步状语从句
引导词有though/although, even though, whoever/no matter who, however/no matter how, whatever/ no matter what 和as等
It is ten years since I began (begin) to study English. 自从我开始学英语以来有10年了。
(7)as soon as引导的时间状语从句,表示“一……就”,从句 经常用一般现在时表将来。
As soon as the rain stops (stop), we will go home. 雨一停我们就回家。
英语三大从句类型总结
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英语三大从句类型总结总结是在某一时期、某一项目或某些工作告一段落或者全部完成后进行回顾检查、分析评价,从而得出教训和一些规律性认识的一种书面材料,他能够提升我们的书面表达能力,因此十分有必须要写一份总结哦。
总结怎么写才能发挥它的作用呢?下面是小编为大家整理的英语三大从句类型总结,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
英语三大从句类型总结PART1:英语从句三大类型按一般说法,可分为三大类14种从句。
一,名词性从句1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen.2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not.4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not.二,定语从句1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.2非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well.三,状语从句1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.PART2:经典名词性从句主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。
三大从句之宾语从句
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宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
通俗的说就是一个句子做另一个句子的宾语. 主要跟在及物动词和介词之后。
一般由“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”构成,其语序是陈述句语序。
如何判断:1.可以从整个句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2.从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,when充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”。
3.从时态看。
if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
所以宾语从句的三大要素:时态语序引导词前世今生:I know you . you are right.→I know you are right. /I know that you are right.⏹引导词✧that (后面是陈述句) I believe that you are an honest boy.✧what which who I don’t know what they are going to d o.what are they going to do?whose whom Tell me whose PSP it is.(whose PSP is it?)where when Can you tell me where he lives?where does he live?Why how I know why he was late. (why was he late?) (特殊疑问句)✧if / whether(一般疑问句/是否)I want to know if Miss Gao is back.Is Miss Gao back?✧另外,含how的词组也可引导宾语从句。
主要有how old,how many,how much,how long,howoften,how far等。
如:Do you know how old he is?⏹语序:宾语从句的连词后要用陈述句语序。
英语三大从句
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英语三大从句英语三大从句:宾语从句(在句子中起宾语作用的从句)、定语从句(在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句)、以及状语从句(在复合句中由从句表示的状语)。
宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词That: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if:I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.Ask him whether / if he can come.What: I donrsquo;t know what the word means.Where: I donrsquo;t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I donrsquo;t know whether itrsquo;s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用:He doesnrsquo;t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时:It depends on whether he is coming.三、时态1. 主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
初中英语中考复习:三大从句(含答案)
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初中英语中考复习:三大从句(含答案))三大从句精讲点拨宾语从句1).概念:用一个完整的句子做宾语,叫做宾语从句。
宾语从句可作主句谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
宾语引导词打酱油派(无意义无成分that可省略)if/whether 纠结派(yes or no )个性派(看具体情况选He said (that) he could finish his work before supper.Alice wanted to know if / whether her grandmother liked the bag.I don’t know where I can buy the books.特殊疑问词从句语序陈述语序用)“引导词 +主语 +谓语 +其I want to know what you were doing at that time.时态它”主过从过,主现从任 I believe that he will come to help us.He knew that he was wrong.2).易错点:1.引导词 if 不能与 or not 连用;whether 可以。
如:I don’t know whether I can pass the exam or not .2. could 开头的一般疑问句代表委婉请求,不代表过去式。
如:Could you tell me how I can go to the bus station?3. 从句为客观真理时,时态不受主句影响。
(注意三单哦!如:The teacher told us yesterday that the earth g oes round the sun.4. 当从句为What’s the matter ?或What’s wrong 时,从句的语序不用改变。
★拓展:宾语从句的简化由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,若从句的主语在主句中出现过时,可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
三大从句
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一.名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,一个从句在整个句子中充当名词的作用,它可以作为主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
名词性从句主要分为四种:主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句。
1.Who will win the match is unknown.2.I want to know what he has told you.3. The fact is that he had won the game.4. The news that we won the game is exciting.(一)宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中做及物动词的宾语,或用作介词和某些表示心理活动的形容词后作宾语,或是用it 作为形式宾语代表宾语从句。
例:1. I think that it will be of no use.2. It depends on whether the boss will agree to you or not.宾语从句的连接词:that,(常用且一般可省略)who, what, whether/if(是否)which, whoever, whatever ,when, where, how, why. (连接词的选择要看从句的具体意思需要)例:1. I know that you are a teacher.2.I wonder if/ whether you are Mr Li.3. Do you know what I will do next?4. I can guess which team will win.5. I don’t know when he will come.6. I don’t know where he has gone.7. They don’t know how they should help me.8. Please give the book to whoever likes it.注意:①★宾语从句的语序一定是正常的语序,即陈述句的语序,先主语后谓语。
三大宾语从句的用法及例句
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三大宾语从句的用法及例句
英语中有三大宾语从句,即:that 引导的宾语从句、if/whether 引导的宾语从句和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。
以下是它们的用法及例句:
1. that 引导的宾语从句:
- 用法:that 在宾语从句中只起连接作用,无实际意义,通常可以省略。
- 例句:I believe (that) he will come.
2. if/whether 引导的宾语从句:
- 用法:if 和 whether 在宾语从句中起连接作用,意为“是否”,通常不能省略。
- 例句:I wonder if/whether he is coming.
3. 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句:
- 用法:特殊疑问词在宾语从句中充当一定的句子成分,不可省略。
- 例句:Can you tell me where the post office is?
Please tell me how you got there.。
中考英语二轮复习三大从句
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handsome是: 定语 ,作用是 修饰后面的名词boy。
her是: 定语 ,作用是 修饰后面的名词friend 。
2)The handsome boy who is singing is her friend.
请翻译此句:这个正在唱歌的帅气男孩是她的朋友 。
此句中,who is singing作为 定语 成分,作用是 修饰前面的名词boy 。
1、理解“定语”: 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
分析以下例句的句子成分:
1)The handsome boy is her friend.
请翻译此句: 这个帅气的男孩是她的朋友 。
The handsome boy是: 主语 。
is是: 谓语 。
her friend是: 表语 。
【课堂练习】
B 1.We don’t know________ , but it tells us the importance of friendship.
A.what the story is about
B.whether the story is true
C.when did the story take place
① 翻译:尽管他没有说什么,我明白他的意思。
Although he said nothing, I understand his meaning.
B ②( ) John said he wasn’t frightened, ______ I can feel his heart quickly.
A. Although; but
①后面有…or not;②在介词的后面; e.g: I am interested in whether he will come tomorrow.
初中英语语法归纳之三大从句
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初中英语语法归纳之三大从句宾语从句含义在整个句子中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
如:She knew that the teacher had seen the film.她知道这位老师看过这部电影。
(“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的宾语,同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句,所以它叫做宾语从句。
)分类1. 动词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。
例如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
2. 介词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。
例如:I agree with what you said just now.我同意你刚才说的话。
3. 形容词宾语从句:顾名思义,它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。
例如:I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要迟到了。
引导名词性从句的连接词1. that:没有含义,在宾语从句中不做成分2.whether/if:表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后,他是否还住在这里。
3.连接代词:what, which, who, whom, whose(在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语)连接副词:where, when, how, why(在宾语从句中做状语)The small children don't know what is in their stockings.(what 在宾语从句中做主语)这些小孩子不知道什么在他们的长筒袜里。
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why 在宾语从句中做原因状语)你能告诉我为什么你今天早上开会迟到吗?注意事项1. 时态①当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态。
初中英语重点语法三大从句总结
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初中英语重点语法三大从句总结宾语从句一、定义在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
二、连接词that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don't know what the word means.'Wh': I don't know what the word means.I don't know where he found the book.只用whether的情况:1. 与or not连用:I don't know whether it's raining or not.2.与动词不定式连用:He doesn't know whether to accept the invitation.3.连接词前有介词时:三、时态1.主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。
1)She said that she was a student.2)She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She said that she had finished her homework already.3.如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.定语从句一、定义在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。
二、先行词先行词指人 who /that先行词指物 which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词(即先行词)后三、关系代词关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分,所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词四、翻译方法'….的'Whom: 先行词指人,则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语), 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.2. I don't like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose : 指人或物,作定语,表示'…的'eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能 that 的特殊情况:1.先行词前有序数词修饰时:This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时:This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是,正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头,只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform当关系代词前使用介词时:物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词 + whom当关系代词前使用介词时:e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.状语从句一、定义在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句,它可以用来修饰谓语(包括非谓语动词)、定语或状语,或是整个句子。
中考英语三大从句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句)之欧阳育创编
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【中考英语专项复习——宾语从句】(一)宾语从句的种类宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。
that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
例如:I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.(二)宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
例如:I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.(三)宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
三大从句知识点总结
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三大从句知识点总结一、名词性从句名词性从句是在句子中充当名词的作用,可以位于主句中的主语、宾语、表语或者介词宾语的位置,起着名词的作用,因此也被称为从句名词。
名词性从句主要包括宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等几种。
1. 宾语从句宾语从句用来充当主句中的及物动词(transitive verb)或介词后面的宾语,例如:I know (that) he is coming.(我知道他要来了。
)He said (that) he would come tomorrow.(他说他明天会来。
)在上面的两个例句中,that引导的从句分别充当了know和said后面的宾语。
2. 主语从句主语从句用来作为整个主句的主语,例如:That he is so successful surprises everyone.(他这么成功让每个人都感到惊讶。
)What he is saying is true.(他所说的是真的。
)在上面的两个例句中,从句that he is so successful和what he is saying分别作为整个主句的主语。
3. 表语从句表语从句用来作为及物动词后的表语,例如:The problem is that we don't have enough time.(问题就在于我们没有足够的时间。
)在这个例句中,从句that we don't have enough time充当了动词is后的表语。
4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或者说明名词的内容,例如:The news that he won the prize is exciting.(他获奖的消息令人兴奋。
)在这个例句中,从句that he won the prize充当了news这个名词的同位语。
名词性从句在句子中起着非常重要的作用,能够充分地承担名词的功能,并且丰富了句子的表达方式。
二、定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,对其进行进一步的说明或者限定,增加句子的信息量。
三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案
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宾语从句语法讲解一、宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型:1. 由that引导的宾语从句。
如:We knew (that)we should learn from each other.2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。
如:Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3. 由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。
如:Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?二、三要素1. 引导词如果从句是陈述句,引导词用that(that在口语或非正式文体中常省略);如果从句是一般疑问句,引导词用if/whether;如果从句是特殊疑问句,引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。
2. 语序①陈述句变为宾语从句,语序不变,即仍用陈述语序。
如:He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said(that)he was an honest boy.②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句,语序变为陈述语序。
如:Does he work hard?I wonder.→I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave?I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left.3. 时态①如果主句是现在的时态,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
如:I have heard(that)he will come back next week.②如果主句是过去的某种时态,那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。
如:He said(that)there were no classes yesterday.注意:如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时,不管主句是什么时态,从句都要用一般现在时。
中考英语三大从句(宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句)
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【中考英语——宾语从句】(一)宾语从句的种类宾语从句在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。
that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn‟t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don‟t know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
例如:I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.(二)宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序。
例如:I hear (that) physics isn‟t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we‟ll have the meeting.(三)宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
2023年人教版中考英语复习三大从句之宾语从句讲解和练习
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2023中考复习三大从句之宾语从句讲练宾语从句是主从复合句中最常见的从句之一,在复合句中充当及物动词或介词的宾语,是一个完整的句子。
宾语从句是初中英语中的重点语法项目,也是中考的热点考题之一。
要学好宾语从句,我们必须掌握以下考点:一、宾语从句的引导词宾语从句的引导词必须放在从句的最前面,紧跟主句之后,并且引导词不能堆砌使用,只能用一个。
引导词的选择要根据它本身的意义和从句原句的句式而定:当从句的原句是陈述句时,引导词要用that(在口语或非正式文体中常省略);是一般疑问句时,要用if 或whether(口语中常用if);是特殊疑问句时,要用原来的疑问词。
例如:I know that the Spring Festival is the most important for Chinese people.我知道春节对中国人来说是最重要的。
Have you asked the policeman if/whether there is a bank near here?你问过警察这附近是否有一家银行?Please tell me where your sister worked last year.请告诉我你姐姐去年在哪儿工作。
Do you know how Paul went to the party ?你知道保罗怎样去参加聚会的吗?二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句紧跟在引导词之后,从句一定要用陈述句语序,即“主语在前,谓语在其后”。
这个时候要特别注意疑问词引出的宾语从句的情况。
例如:I wonder what you were doing at 8:00 last night.我想知道昨天晚上八点你在做什么。
Can you tell me how much the red sweater is?你能告诉我这件红色的毛衣多少钱吗?三、宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态要与主句的时态保持一致:当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句要根据句意选用任何符合的时态;当主句是过去时态时,宾语从句只能选用过去的某种时态(即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。
高中英语三大从句
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高中英语三大从句1. “哎呀,宾语从句可太重要啦!就像我昨天跟妈妈说‘我知道我应该先写完作业再玩’,这里面‘我知道’后面的就是宾语从句呀。
”- 例子:我和小伙伴们在外面玩得正开心,妈妈喊我回家写作业,我不情愿地说:“我还不想回去呢。
”妈妈说:“你要知道你现在的任务是学习呀。
”我突然就想到了宾语从句,嘿嘿,原来生活中到处都有英语知识呀。
2. “哇塞,定语从句好神奇呀!比如我说‘那个穿红色衣服的女孩是我的好朋友’,‘那个穿红色衣服的’就是定语从句呀。
”- 例子:在学校里,我看到一个很漂亮的女生,我跟同桌说:“那个扎着马尾辫的女生真好看。
”同桌说:“是呀,她学习还特别好呢。
”这不就是定语从句在生活中的体现嘛。
3. “嘿,状语从句也很有意思呢!像‘当我回家的时候,妈妈正在做饭’,‘当我回家的时候’就是状语从句呀。
”- 例子:放学了,我急忙往家跑,一边跑一边想:当我到家的时候,妈妈会给我做什么好吃的呢?到了家,果然妈妈在厨房忙碌着。
4. “你们知道吗,宾语从句就像一把钥匙,能打开好多知识的大门哟!比如‘我觉得他说得对’,这里面就有宾语从句呀。
”- 例子:课堂上老师提问,我回答后,同桌小声说:“我觉得你说得对。
”我心里美滋滋的,原来这就是宾语从句呀。
5. “定语从句就像是给人或东西贴上标签一样,好特别呀!像‘那本我昨天买的书很有趣’,‘那本我昨天买的’就是定语从句呢。
”- 例子:我在书架上找书,对弟弟说:“把那本我上周买的漫画书递给我。
”弟弟很快就找到了,我想这就是定语从句的作用呀。
6. “哇哦,状语从句就像是给事情加上了时间、条件这些背景呢!比如‘如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园玩’。
”- 例子:我和朋友约好周末出去玩,我说:“如果周末天气好,我们就去爬山。
”朋友说:“好呀,希望别下雨。
”这就是状语从句呀。
7. “宾语从句真的是无处不在呀,就像我说‘我知道我错了’,这里面就有宾语从句呢。
”- 例子:我不小心打碎了杯子,妈妈看着我说:“你知道你错在哪儿了吗?”我低着头说:“我知道我错了。
英语三大从句语法讲解
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英语三大从句在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示:(一)关系代词who, whom和whose的用法who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。
An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
whom代替人,是宾格,在定语从句作宾语,在非正式英语常可省略。
Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗?whose一般代替人,有时亦可代替物,是所有格,在定语从句作定语。
The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。
Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字,你知道吗?(关系代词whose指代先行词hotel,正式用法应该用of which。
whose window=the window of which,意思是:the window of the hotel。
)(二)关系代词which的用法which代替物,在定语从句作主语或宾语,作宾语时还可省略。
I do not like stories which have unhappy endings.我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。
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宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
通俗的说就是一个句子做另一个句子的宾语. 主要跟在及物动词和介词之后。
一般由“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”构成,其语序是述句语序。
如何判断:1.可以从整个句式看,宾语从句只能放在主句谓语动词之后。
2.从引导词看。
if充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义为“是否”,when 充当宾语从句的连接词时,意为“什么时候”。
3.从时态看。
if和when作连接词时,引导宾语从句要注意:从句的谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化。
所以宾语从句的三大要素:时态语序引导词前世今生:I know you . you are right.→I know you are right. /I know that you are right.⏹引导词✧that (后面是述句) I believe that you are an honest boy.✧what which who I don’t know what they are going to d o. what are they going to do?whose whom Tell me whose PSP it is.(whose PSP is it?)where when Can you tell me where he lives?where does he live?Why how I know why he was late. (why was he late?)(特殊疑问句)✧if / whether(一般疑问句/是否) I want to know if Miss Gao is back.Is Miss Gao back?✧另外,含how的词组也可引导宾语从句。
主要有how old,how many,how much, how long,howoften,how far等。
如:Do you know how old he is?⏹语序:宾语从句的连词后要用述句语序。
(主谓语句,即引导词后面直接跟主语)Who can tell us ———— over there?A.what they talk about B.what do they talk aboutC.what are they talking about D.what they are talking about注意:what was the matter这个比较特殊,特殊疑问词在句中做主语时从句不改变语序。
⏹时态✧主过从过:主句是过去的时态,从句要变成相应的过去的时态。
从句动词过去式。
一般现在时→一般过去时;一般将来时→过去将来时;现在进行时→过去进行时;现在完成时→过去完成时✧主现从随便:主句是一般现在的时态,从句根据句子选择。
She says that she is a policewoman. She said that she a policewoman.She says that she will fly to Japan. She said that she fly to Japan.✧真理规律永一现:真理、自然规律永远是一般现在时。
The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.宾语从句注意事项⏹主句的谓语动词是say,think,tell, know,hear,see,feel,mean,hope,wish,remember,forget等时,或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid,glad,sure,sorry 等作表语的系表结构时,后面常接that引导的宾语从句。
例如:He says that he wants to speak to the headmaster.他说他想和校长说话。
I think that we need to buy some meat for the party.我认为我们需要为聚会买些肉。
I'm sorry(that)he isn't here right now.对不起,此刻他不在。
⏹从句的引导词that能省略吗?that引导的宾语从句用来述事实,that本身无词义,在从句中不作任何成分,在口语中常常省略。
I guess (that)somebody else has borrowed it.我猜是别的人把它借走了。
I'm afraid(that) you'll have to wait.恐怕你得等一下。
注意:◆从句前面有插入语时,引导词 that不能省略;◆如果有两个并列的宾语从句,第二个从句的引导词that也不能省略。
She may tell you,for example,that she is interested in Chinese.例如,她可能会告诉你,她对汉语感兴趣。
Mr Read said(that)he taught English in a middle schoolin Beijing and that he came from Australia.里德先生说他在的一所中学教英语,他来自澳大利亚。
⏹连接代词和连接副词起引导宾语从句的作用,不再重复使用连接词,造成错误。
I can't see that what is over there.(×)此句中应去掉that。
⏹可用连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的动词或短语动词有 see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,find out,show,remember, choose等。
如:We can't decide who should go to Beijing first.我们不能决定谁应该先去。
Read the story below and find out who Father Christmas is.读下面的故事,弄清楚圣诞老人是谁。
⏹否定前移;及完成反意问句;主句是I /We think /suppose /guess /believe imagine / expect等,动词后跟宾语从句否定式时,应转移到主句上去,完成反意问句时,应与从句主/谓保持一致。
(注: 否定前移的条件是,主句主语是第一人称I .We)I don't think he is right ,is he? 我认为他是不对的,是吗?I don't believe they have finished their work yet, have they ?我相信/认为他们还没有完成那项工作例如:我认为鸡不会游泳。
误:I think chickens can not swim.正:I don't think chickens can swim.注意:上述情况变成反意疑问句时,附加问句要看从句,如果主句的主语不是第一人称,则附加问句要看主句。
试比较:I think he is wrong,isn't he? He thinks he is right,doesn't he?⏹特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意一、在引导词上,要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词,引导宾语从句。
如:Whose bike is this?Does anybody know?→ Does anybody know whose bike this is?二、宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。
如:When the train will arrive?He asked me.→ He asked me when the train would arrive.三、在语序上,要将疑问句语序改为述句语序。
如:Which one do you like best?She askedme.→She asked me which one I liked best.【注意】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是 do/does /did,变为宾语从句时,要先将其去掉,谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。
四、特殊疑问词在句中作主语,变为宾语从句时语序不变(时态应作相应变化)。
如:Who can answer the question?The teacher asked.→The teacher asked who could answer the question.五、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后,用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式:如主句为述句、祈使句,句末就用句号;如主句是疑问句,句末就用问号。
如:I don't know when we shall start tomorrow. Do you know when we shall start tomorrow?⏹宾主从句的简化⑴当主句的谓语动词是hope ,agree,wish,choose,decide,promise等,后面带宾语从句,且主从句主语相同时,可以简化成不定式结构作宾语。
We hope that we shall see you soon.→We hope to see you soon.She agreed that she would help me with my English.→She agreed to help mewith my English.⑵当主句谓语动词是know,learn, forget,remember等词时,后面带的宾语从句可简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构,此时,主从句主语也须一致。
I really don't know what I should do next.→I really don't know what todo next.She didn't know whether she should go or not.→She didn't know whether to go or not.I have forgotten how I can open the door.→I have forgotten how to open the door.⑶当主句谓语动词是ask,tell, show,teach等,后带双宾语,且从句主语和间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可转化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。
Could you tellme how Ican getto the postoffice?→Could you tell me how to get to the post office?Please tell me where I can find him.→Please tell me where to find him.但是,如果间接宾语和从句的主语不一致,一般不要把宾语从句简化,否则会产生歧义。