现场静平衡试验方法改进及研究

( Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center, Shanghai 201201, China )
Abstract : Unbalanced mass exists for rotating components during their manufacturing, installing and wearing process. It causes periodic unbalanced forces during rotating and then brings a series of problems, such as bearing wear and NVH deterioration. Taking an automobile cooling fan as an example, overlarge unbalanced mass of the fan will worsen in- car NVH, such as large seat and steering wheel vibration and interior noise. In general, if vibration and noise contribution of the cooling fan system exceeds the standard, two solutions can be adopted: one is to optimize the transfer path, i.e. softening its rubber mount; and the other is to optimize vibration source, i.e. balancing the fan. In practical applications, the former method always causes a new problem: accelerating rubber aging. So, the best way is to balance the cooling fan. Its precondition is to measure the unbalanced mass. Experimental study has found that traditional measurement methods may cause large errors for these high precision components. On the basis of traditional 3-point balancing method, and from the perspective of solution condition of the coefficient matrix, this paper analyzes the influences of counter weight and its angular spacing on the unbalanced mass test precision, gives a suggestion on counter weight selecting principle, and proposes a multipoint balancing method in case that the angular spacing can’t be improved.
中图分类号：O329
文献标志码：A
DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1355.2018.Z1.122
Research and Improvement of In-situ Static Balance Test Approaches
DAI Haixin , DING Shutao , TU Xiangyu , SONG Zhishun
的测试方法在这种高精度要求的部件测试中存在较大误差。本文在传统现场三点配重法的基础上，从求解方程组的
系数矩阵条件数出发研究配重质量和配重施加角度间隔对试验精度的影响，并且提出配重质量选取依据，以及在无法
改善角度间隔的条件下提高试验精度的多点配重法。
关键词：振动与波；风扇静平衡；三点配重法；配重角度间隔；矩阵条件数；多点配重法
摘 要：旋转部件在制造、安装以及使用磨损过程中，由于质量分布不均匀会产生一定的不平衡质量，它在旋转时
产生周期变化的不平衡激励力，导致一系列的问题，例如轴承磨损，振动噪声等。以汽车的风扇为例，如果风扇的不平
衡量过大，会导致车内座椅和方向盘的振动变大，以及车内噪音变大。通常情况下，如果风扇子系统贡献的车内振动
Keywords : vibration and wave; cooling fan static balance; 3-point balancing; angular spacing
旋转部件不平衡质量的存在会带来一系列比如 缩短轴承寿命、恶化 NVH 等问题。减小不平衡量的 方法通常是首先测试出等效不平衡量的大小和位 置，然后在该位置通过磨削等工艺去除该质量，或者 在对称的位置通过焊接或者其它方法加上相等的质
噪声超标 ，解决办法有两个 ：一是优化传递路径 ，即减小风扇橡胶垫的刚度 ；二是优化振动噪声源 ，即减小风扇的不平
衡量。在实际运用中，第一种方法会带来另一个问题——橡胶垫老化速度过快，耐久性能不够。所以最好的办法是选
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
择优化振动噪声源，即减小风扇不平衡量。减小不平衡量的前提测试出等效不平衡量的大小和位置。试验发现传统
第 38 卷 第 Z1 期 2018 年 4 月
噪声与振动控制 NOISE AND VIBRATION CONTROL
文章编号：1006-1355(2018)Z1-0564-06
现场静平衡试验方法改进及研究
Vol 38 No.Z1 Apr. 2018
代海鑫，丁舒涛，屠翔宇，宋志顺
（ 泛亚汽车技术中心，上海 201201 ）