大学英语四级阅读理解长难句
英语专四阅读长难句分析
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【译文】2009 年12 月各国领导人在哥本哈 根会晤时，活动家们的劝导性话语鼓励他们 投身于更加坚定的行动中。
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Informative speeches from World Health Organization officials helped people to keep their
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Sad events are never easy to deal with but a speech that pays tribute to the loss of a loved one and gives praise for 01 t h e i r c on t r ib u ti on c a n b e comfБайду номын сангаасrting.
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panic under control so they could take sensible precautions.
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【分析】本句为因果关系并列句。第一个分句位于so 前，主干为：
Informative speeches ...helped people to keep their
【译文】或者你有可能被要求在家庭活动中去 介绍一名发言者，也可能被要求在婚礼上发言， 在这些场合你的语言需要感动在场的人或使他 们开怀大笑。
• 【分析】本句为主从复合句。主句为 persuasive words ... encouraged them to commit themselves to firmer action。 其中from activists 作后置定语修饰words。 When 引导时间状语从句，修饰主句谓语 encouraged 发生的时间。
2024年英语四级真题长难句解析
9、Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School. (2008年12月)
本句为简单句，主干为This guidance eliminated the need…and avoided confrontation…。eyeing the same parking space为现在分词作后置定语，修饰those。
这些引导消除了顾客在停车场无尽地兜圈子的必要，而且避免了顾客之间因抢占空车位而引发的冲突。
5、We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a beneficial effect on the world.
本句为复合句。主句为We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices。that 引导定语从句，修饰 choices，that 在从句中作主语。to make choices 作 opportunity 的定语。
10、“Retailers who’re ponsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,” said Professor Stephen Hoch. (2008年12月)
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析(3)
1. The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case. (2003. 阅读. 6. Text 2)【译文】学习中应该包括具有启发性的娱乐这一观点对于大部分学术机构而言似乎是愚蠢的，但事实的确如此。
【析句】本例句的难点在于寻找主句的主干。
很明显，主句由but连接两个并列句组成，but 后的句子that is nonetheless the case是简单句。
but前的句子主句是the notion would seem merely silly to the greater part of the academic establishment，to在这里作介词，这一介宾结构提前放在了谓语动词seem后，容易让人误以为是短语seem to的用法，结果导致理解失误。
最后主句主语the notion有that引导的定语从句修饰。
2. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since depression began. (2003. 阅读. 6. Text 3)【译文】从事成人教育的公共机构已经因为经济萧条开始以来席卷全国的趋势而陷入困境。
【析句】例句2的句子结构并不复杂，主句the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide, that has swept over them...作定语从句修饰the tide, 而定语从句中，又有since引导的时间状语从句，这个时间是修饰swept over这个动作的。
2021年12月英语四级阅读理解长难句解析
【导语】忠⼼的祝愿你能取得优异的成绩，如愿以偿，⾦榜题名。
因为这⼀年你付出了好多，也吃了不少的苦，受了不少的累。
我们想，“天道酬勤”。
⽆忧考为⼤家准备了以下内容，希望对⼤家有帮助。
1.2021年12⽉英语四级阅读理解长难句解析 He had a perfect resume and gave goodresponses to her questions, but the fact that henever looked her in the eye said "untrustworthy", so she decided to offer thejob to her second choice. 原⽂译⽂： 他的简历堪称完美，对她提出的问题也能对答如流，但他从来不正视蒂法尼的眼睛，这让她感觉他这个⼈“不可靠”。
因此，她把这份⼯作给了她的第⼆⼈选。
四级词汇讲解： 本句中so引导的是结果状语从句，主句部分为but连接的并列句，主⼲为he had resume and gaveresponse, but fact said "untrustworthy"。
第⼆个分句中that引导的是fact的同位语从句。
response的意思是“回答;反应”，常与介词to连⽤。
如： He made no response to my question. 他没有回答我的问题。
decide to do sth.的意思是“决定做某事”。
如： He decided to leave his job. 他决定离职。
offer sth. to sb.的意思是“为某⼈提供某物”。
如： They offered the opportunity to someone else. 他们把机会给别⼈了。
2.2021年12⽉英语四级阅读理解长难句解析 Yale professor and Howard Hughes MedicalInstitute investigator Tian Xu directs a researchcenter focused on the genetics of humandisease at Shanghai's Fudan University, incollaboration with faculty colleagues from bothschools. 原⽂译⽂： 耶鲁⼤学教授、霍华德·休斯医学研究所调查员许⽥在上海复旦⼤学指导⼀个主要研究⼈类疾病遗传学的研究中⼼，同来⾃两所学校的教员同事在那⾥进⾏合作研究。
英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文
英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文英语四级真题阅读长难句的分析及译文82. The point in that sleep cycle at which you wake can affect how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how much or little you have slept.【分析】本句为并列复合句。
句子主干为The point can affect and may have impact。
and 连接两个并列的谓语。
which 引导定语从句，修饰 point, at the point 是固定搭配，所以 which 前面加介词at。
than 后面是 how 引导的宾语从句。
【译文】在睡眠中的哪个阶段醒来将会影响到你之后的`感觉，甚至可能比睡眠时间长短对你产生的影响更大。
83. While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben Jerry s.【分析】本句为并列复合句。
句子主干为the government has granted her permission and she has returned to job。
while 引导时间状语从句，意为当的时候。
【译文】在她等待结果的同时，美国政府同意她继续在本杰瑞公司工作，现在她已经重返工作岗位。
84. Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won t allow them to start unless they receives a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key.【分析】本句为复合句。
四级阅读长难句100句
长难句结构分析最新经典一百句1. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise, market- oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.[参考译文]美国的经济是以基本的私有企业和市场导向经济为架构的，在这种经济中，消费者很大程度上通过在市场上为那些他们最想要的货品和服务付费来决定什么应该被制造出来。
2. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.[参考译文]因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. [参考译文]另一方面，如果大量制造某种商品导致其成本下降，那么这就有可能增加卖方和制造商能提供的供给，而这也就会反过来降低价格并允许更多的消费者购买产品。
英语四级阅读真题长难句解析16
76. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. (2006年6月)【分析】本句为并列复合句。
主句为It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by…winds。
which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰failure。
过去分词短语driven by these winds是the ocean currents的后置定语。
【译文】这种现象首先出现在太平洋，并且被认为是由于信风引起的，信风会对洋流产生影响。
77. A government study recommended a national highway system of 33,920 miles, and Congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called strict, centrally controlled design criteria. (2006年6月)【分析】本句为并列复合句。
主句为A government study recommended…, and Congress soon passed the…Act of 1944。
which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944。
【译文】一份政府研究报告建议在全国范围建设总长33920英里的公路，国会很快就通过了1944年联邦支持公路的法案，这项法案规定了严格的中央控制的设计标准。
78.Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns. (2006年6月)【分析】本句为简单句。
大学英语四级长难句分析
1. I say you only live once and we work hard and what’sthe point if you cannot go on holiday.我说你只活一次， 你不能度假，那我们这么努力的工作还有什么意义呢？2. Since money is known to be one of the things most likelyto bring a relationship to its knees, we should be grateful.我们应该感恩，因为众所周知，钱是众多东西最有可能破坏一段关系的东西之一。
3. Kim Stephenson, an occupational psychologist, believesmoney is such a big deal because of what it symbolizes,which may be different things to men and women.KS相信钱是个大事情是因为它所象征的东西，对于男人和女人而言是不同的。
4. Tony Little, headmaster of Eton, warned that boys werebeing failed by the British education system because ithad become too focused on girls.TL警告 男生正在被英国的教育体制所毁掉， 因为英国的教育体制太过于关注女生了。
5. Because boys generally have more acute vision, learn bestthrough touch, and are physically more active, they needto be given “hands-on”lessons（亲手实践的） wherethey are allowed to walk around.因为男生通常而言有更敏锐的视力，通过抚摸学得更好，而且在体力上也更活跃，他们需要给予可以随意四处走动的实践课。
(全)大学英语四级真题,阅读理解长难句拆解+翻译
大学英语四级真题，阅读理解长难句拆解+翻译Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums.发布到线上论坛之前，Goel和他的团队研发了好几个版本的Jill Watson.词法：release：计算机领域指发布代码，编译程序等。
forum此处指在线课程论坛。
句法：主句是简单的主语，谓语，宾语，before后面的动宾状结构。
翻译要点：汉语中状语前置。
逻辑整理：第一段，概况了问题，及解决方法。
本段，详细描述解决问题的整个过程。
这一段是说明文中典型的说明程序步骤过程的说明文。
存在着潜在的先后顺序关系。
At first, the virtual assistant wasn't too great.起初，虚拟助手不太理想。
词法：at first ,一般理解是首先，但是实际首先，一般指最初，不完美的状态，暗指后来的变化。
逻辑整理：详细描述过程。
But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. 但是，Goel和他的团队查阅了最初的讨论论坛，找到40000个课程开课以来提出的问题。
词法：重点是source用作动词，指的是查找源头的意思，可以不能直接翻译，否则无法将意思表达明白。
另外，launch是启动计算机课程的意思。
句法：主语，谓语，宾语之后，是to do引导的目的状语，to do 后面的名词作宾语，其后又出现了定语从句，定语从句之后，又出现了since引导的简单时间状语从句。
翻译要领：不要简单的单词对译，要结合上下文的语境。
大学英语四级阅读高分长难句解析
大学英语四级阅读高分长难句解析大学英语四级阅读高分长难句解析导读：对于英语四级阅读来说,最难理解的就是长难句,其实长难句这个难关过了,英语四级阅读要拿高分还是很轻松的,现在我们就来逐一攻破英语四级阅读理解长难句吧!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们店铺!In 2003, when Cambridge Universityappointed Alison Richard, another former Yaleprovost, as its vice-chancellor, the universitypublicly stressed that in her previous job shehad overseen a major strengthening of Yale'sfinancial position.英语四级原文译文：2003年，剑桥大学聘请了另一位耶鲁大学前教务长艾利森·理查德担任副校长、并公开强调，在她之前的工作中，在她的监管下，“耶鲁大学的财政状况得到了极大的巩固”。
四级词汇讲解：本句的主干是university stressed that。
In 2003为句子的时间状语，when CambridgeUniversity appointed...as its vice-chancellor为句子的时间状语从句，其中another formerYale provost为宾语Alison Richard的同位语，as its vice-chancellor为宾语补足语;that引导的是stressed的宾语从句。
appoint sb. as sth.的意思是“任命某人做某工作或担任某职位”。
如：They have appointed Thomas as the manager.他们已经任命托马斯为经理。
stress意为“强调”。
如：The conference stressed the social problem.本次会议强调社会问题。
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
英语四级真题阅读长难句分析
【分析】本句为复合句。
主句主干为 DL signifies a course。
主句中的”in which引导定语从句，对course进展解释说明，其中instructors 和students是并列成分。
While意为虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句;从句中的offered 为过去分词做后置定语，修饰instruction。
【译文】虽然各个大学供应的网络课程不尽一样，但是远程教学通常会把课程公开，教师会把课程大纲、阅读任务和课程安排上传到网站上，学生们则通过电子邮件提交作业。
2. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.
【分析】本句为简洁句。
句子主干为I offered suggestions。
Telling myself hall为伴随状语，that引导宾语从句;guiding the young writer across the hall为现在分词作后置定语，修饰writer。
that 后的从句可改写为I was merely an experienced writer who are guiding the young writer across the hall。
【译文】我一次次地告诫自己，这只是一个有些阅历的作家在指导一个小作家成长而已，关于她的故事中的人物、冲突和结尾我都供应了一些
建议。
英语四级四级长难句
四级长难句分析在大学英语四级考试的阅读理解中，我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。
长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型，理清句子成分，抓住句子中的关键部分。
首先我们先来了解制造长句的几个要点一词汇：核心词汇+普通词汇二语法结构1．从句：定语、同位语、表语、宾语、状语2．并列结构3．插入语4．倒装5．强调6．省略：分词作定语，独立主格结构2008-61．But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and —— without major technological breakthroughs —— we can't do much about it.2. The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it's really an engineering one.3．Privacy economist Alessandro Acauisti has run a series of tests that reveal peo ple will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get the ir hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon(优惠卷)4. The digital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like.2007-124．The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson.5. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting my daughter’s experience.6. While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked.2007-67. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallelno matter how much we might like to think so.8. Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.9. The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.”10. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.11. Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly.12. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.13. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men.14. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.15. Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore.16. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I didn’t want to deal with gender issues.2006-1217. In fact, New York’s municipal water for more than a century was called the champagne of tap water and until recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity.18. Similarly, a magazine in England found that tap water from the Thames River tasted better than several leading brands of bottled water that were 400 times more expensive.19. According to an article in The Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell, listing brands on the menu without prices, and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want it.20. Regardless of how it’s sold, the popularity of bottled water taps into our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated, and even a longing for lost purity.21. As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise.22. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.23. The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs.24. In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well”and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health.25. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations.26. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can havea beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.2006-627. But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time.28. Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods.▲29. We’re saying we want you to work in these places, we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when it’s convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security, especially after Sept. 11, then you’re disposable.30. If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely.2006-6旧31．Women’s education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue.32．Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family: girls grow up only to marry into somebody else’s family and bear children.33．Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and art kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school-the prophecy (预言) becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle of neglect.34．She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance.35．The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser (锁止器), and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.36．Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition (点火) key.2005-1237．While here’s on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.38．In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they get the job done.39. Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again.40. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.实战演练1．But the research paper also gives you a chance to individualize a school assignment, to suit a piece of work to your own interests and abilities, to show others what you cando.2.To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects througha set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to addcolumns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier.3.Recent stories in the newspapers and magazines suggest that teaching and researchcontradict each other, that research plays too prominent a part in academic promotions, and that teaching is badly underemphasized.4.House had to be sited “within easy walking distance of the railroad station,” assome old residents would point out; and only those wealthy enough to afford a horse and a carriage dared to penetrate farther into the open country.5.White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likelyto have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.6.But you must know that different nations have different ways of looking at things,and you will therefore not be offended if your ideas of this kind of education happen not to be the same as yours.7.College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere witheach other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school.8.This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another,so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently.9.The recent growth of export surpluses on the world food market has certainly beenunexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests.10.It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment (启蒙运动) to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering seems the way ahead.11. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go.12. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.13. Scientists, like other human beings, have their hopes and fears, their passions and disappointments and their strong emotions may sometimes interrupt the course of clear thinking and sound practice.14. Already today, less than forty years later, as computers are relieving us of more and more of the routine tasks in business and in our personal lives, we are faced with a less dramatic but also less foreseen problem.15. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise—and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.二、总结——长难句分析步骤1、首先确定句子是简单句、复合句或并列句。
大学英语四级长难句精选汇
英语四级长难句精选汇（一）1)I was scared of leaving the protective bubble of this place for places unknown , during uncertain economic times .在经济不稳定的年代，我害怕离开这里的保护罩到未知的地方去。
2)You are the only one who can answer that ， But what I can offer as guidance ,and reassurance ,is a story :the story of one Stanford graduate’s process of stumbling and searching to find a place in the world ,oftentimes in the face of her fears.你是仅仅一个可以回答这个问题的人，但是我能够讲一个故事为你提供引导使你放心：这是一位斯坦福大学毕业生在社会上摸爬滚打以争得一席之地的故事,尽管她一直面对恐惧.3)The philosophics and ideologies themselves certainly left an impression on me .But the rigor of the distillation process ,the exercise of refinement ,that’s where the real learning happened。
这些哲理和思想的确给我留下了深刻印象,但严谨的提炼过程和不断的改进加工才是我真正学习到的东西。
4)When you graduate from here ，you exit with thousands of pages of personal text on which are inscribed beliefs and values shaped by years of education ,family interactions ，relationship ,experience 。
(全)大学英语四级真题,阅读理解长难句解析+翻译
大学英语四级真题，阅读理解长难句解析+翻译大学英语四级真题，阅读理解长难句，逐句解析。
Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge Based Artificial Intelligence.乔治亚理工大学的Ashok Goel教授研发人工智能助教，以回答网课Knowledge Based Artificial Intelligence上学生大量的问题。
大学英语四级长难句解析本句词法：help后出现了省略to的动词原形。
句法：本句只有主语，谓语，宾语，但是to help 后出现了动宾结构作宾语，其后，又有状语，故而将句子长度增加。
语义提取：注意，课程名称不必重新占用句子成分。
逻辑推理：本句位于文章之首，并非观点，而是描述事实，所以本文题材可以确定是说明文。
四级中说明文一般与解决问题相结合，提出问题，解决方法，是这类题目的重点。
本句，作用是交代背景。
This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech's online Master of Science in Computer Science program.在计算机科学课程中，这个网课是在线理科研究生的核心必修课。
2019年12月大学四级真题本句词法：of前面是名词，后面也是名词，整个是一个成分，虽然距离很长，但是作用简单。
句法：本句是简单句，只有主语谓语宾语。
语义提取：汉语状语前置。
逻辑推理：交代背景细节。
说明此课程的重要性。
Professor Goel already had 8 teaching assistants, but that wasn't enough to deal with the overwhelming number of questions from students. Goel教授已经有8个助教，但是不足以回复学生提出的大量问题。
全国大学英语四级考试阅读理解长难句分析汇总 (1)
1. The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. （2006.6.Passage One)句子切割：The first study to compare honesty across a range of communication media has found / that people are twice as likely to tell lies / in phone conversations as they are in emails.翻译：相比较一系列通讯媒介中诚信的问题，第一个研究发现人们在电话交谈中撒谎的可能性是在电子邮件中撒谎可能性的两倍。
重点词汇：Honesty：诚实a range of：一系列Conversation：交谈；对话2. In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.（2006.6.Passage One)句子切割：In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges / they had lasting more than 10 minutes, / and confessed to how many lies they told.翻译：在这个日志里面，他们记录下十分钟以上的谈话以及电子邮件的数量，然后承认他们撒了多少谎。
四级真题英语阅读长难句分析
四级真题英语阅读长难句分析四级真题英语阅读长难句分析1. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need. (2009. 阅读. Text A)【译文】鲍姆认为，哈密顿和其他人最近的决定可能就是“一种迹象表明人们开始意识到存在一种破坏性竞争”。
他是最近一项大学调查报告的组织者之一，这项报告引发了人们对并非基于需要的制度性经济援助的关心。
【析句】复合句。
主干是Baum says+宾语从句，也就是Baum 说话的内容。
宾语从句的主句是Recent decisions may be "a sign that are starting to realize that there is this destructive competition...", 引号内包含两个从句，that引导定语从句修饰a sign, realize后是that引导的宾语从句。
最后，co-author of a recent College Report作Baum的同位语，that raises concerns about...是College Report的定语从句。
2. “No one can take one-sided action,” says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an exemption from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid. (2009. 阅读. Text A)【译文】"任何人都不能采取单方面的行动。
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四级阅读长难句分析1. A survey found an overwhelming pessimism about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.” 分析主干：A survey found an (overwhelming) pessimism... 句中with 引导的介词短语作状语，其后带了复合宾语（即宾语+补语）。
该复合宾语用现在分词saying 作补语，saying 还带了一个宾语从句they feel...，而feel 也带有宾语从句，由and 连接两个分句their privacy is slipping away 和that bothers me 构成。
译文：一次调查发现人们对于隐私普遍持悲观态度，60%的受访者说他们觉得隐私正在“离自己远去，而这让我很忧心。
”2. Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but—regardless of whether it is or isn‘t—we won’t do much about it. 分析主干：Global warming may or may not be the crisis... but we won‘t do much... 句子主干是个并列句，由but 连接的两个分句之间是转折关系。
前一个分句用了复合谓语，是肯定形式和否定形式并列的结构，利用了情态动词来省略。
后一个分句包含一个复杂介词regardless of 引导的短语，表示“不管”，of 后面接一个whether 引导的宾语从句。
译文：全球变暖有可能是21 世纪巨大的环境危机，也有可能不是，但是—无论它是或不是—我们都对此无能为力。
3. The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people‘s hair. 分析主干:The method relies on... 本句难点在理解measuring 的宾语，它就是how 引导的从句。
从句的主干是：how variations... show up...。
译文：这种方法的依据是测量饮用水中的化学物质在人的头发中的变化。
4. Many African-American blogs have written about what they‘d like to see Michelle bring to the White House—mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. 分析主干：Many blogs have written (about...) 1.what 引导的从句作介词about 的宾语。
2.该宾语从句用了see sb. do 的结构。
bring(what) to...“给......带来什么东西”是省略to 的不定式作宾语Michelle 的补语。
3.破折号后的动名词短语作what 的同位语，也就是Michelle 带到白宫的东西的内容。
raise a family 中的family 指“孩子”，整个词组的意思是“养家糊口”。
译文：很多非裔美国人在他们的博客中写到，他们想看到米歇尔会给白宫带来些什么要—主要是向世界展示，一个黑人妇女有能力支持她的丈夫，并操持一个强大的黑人家庭。
5. Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. 分析主干：little is known (about...) 1.Because 引导原因状语从句。
2.主句中的介词about 带有三个并列的宾语从句，分别由who, what 和what 引导。
3.句中的features 在媒体中指“专题介绍、特写报道”。
译文：因为几乎没有主流刊物对一般的非裔美国妇女进行过深入的专题报道，人们几乎不了解我们的性情、我们的思想和我们通常所面临的问题。
6. In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way. 分析主干：players have been observed to... 不定式to throw...在句中作主语players 的补语；这是observe sb. do sth.结构的被动语态，作宾语补足语的省to 的不定式在被动语态中成了主语补足语，要把to 还原。
动名词considering...作介词without 的宾语，介词短语without considering...作throw 的状语。
译文：在比赛的白热化阶段，人们注意到球员从球场的这头狂奔到球场那头，根本就没有考虑到他这样的动作会对阻挡他的其他球员产生什么样的后果。
7. According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell, listing brands on the menu without prices, and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want it. 分析主干：some (of...) include placing..., listing..., and pouring... 本句理解的难点在于辨别三个并列的动名词短语，它们都是include 的宾语。
shameless tactics 指“厚颜无耻的促销手段”，visual sell 是“视觉销售”。
句末if 引导的从句是ask 的宾语：甚至都不问问就餐者是否需要就给他们倒上瓶装水。
译文：《华尔街日报》上的一篇文章说，一些更无耻的销售策略包括把诱人的瓶子放在桌子上作为视觉卖点，把品牌名写在菜单上而不标明价格，或者连问都不问一声消费者就直接把瓶装水倒给顾客。
8. Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts, pre-stocking sales items, hiring speedy and experienced cashiers, and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions. 分析主干：Retailers can relieve the headaches (by...) 1.介词by 后面带了redesigning..., pre-stocking..., hiring...,和having...等四个动名词短语作宾语，表示零售商可以采用的缓解让顾客头痛的问题的手段或方式。
2.最后一个动名词having 在句中不是表示“让（某人做某事）”的使役用法，而是表示“雇请”。
后面的不定式短语to answer questions 作补语。
译文：零售商可以采取一些措施来缓解这些让顾客头疼的问题，如改造商店的布局，提前存储货品，雇用手脚麻利有经验的收银员，派出销售代表随时解答顾客的问题。
9. Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer, instead of complaining to the rest of the world. 分析主干：Customers can also improve experiences (by...) 1.介词by 后面动名词短语filing...作宾语，表示手段或方式。
instead of...短语引导的内容相当于filing 的转折并列成分。
2.注意动词filing（不是filling），意思是“正式提出”。
译文：消费者也可以采取措施改善以后的购物体验。
他们可以直接向商家投诉，而不是到处散布自己不愉快的经历。
10. Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School. 分析主干：managers are the last to... and find out... 1.conducted 是过去分词作study 的后置定语。
2.不定式to hear...作后置定语，修饰the last，一般可以直接理解为“最不可能听到这些投诉的人”。
3.when 引导的时间状语从句修饰find out。
该状语从句中，to frequent...作decide 的宾语。
frequent 用作动词，表示“经常光顾”。
译文：维德集团和沃顿商学院共同开展的一项研究显示，商店经理常常是最后一个听到顾客抱怨的人，而且只有当他们的老顾客开始频频光顾他们的竞争对手的时候他们才会发现顾客对他们的不满。