诊断学疾病部分-英文讲义
诊断学疾病部分-英文讲义
• Large PE
jugular venous enlargement hepatomegly hepatojugular reflux positive Ewart sign: (Subscapularis area ) vocal fremitus dullness brochovesicular breath sound paradoxical pulse
apex impulse diminution
• palpation
apex beat is palpated uneasily
• percussion
enlargement of the cardiac dullness bilaterally,changed with posture
• Auscultation
The main symptoms and signs of common diseases of circulatory system
Mitral stenosis
• Causes
RHD--rheumatic heart disease senile retrograde congenital heart disease
• Symptoms
right side heart failure: abdominal distention oliguria anorexia nausea and vomiting
• Signs(LHF) • inspection
Tachypnea,cyanosis, to sit up straight. Pink foam sputum,
诊断学英文课件：Clinical Diagnostics
问诊（Inquiry, History Taking ）
定义：医生通过对患者或相关人员的系统询问获 取资料，经过综合分析而做出临床判断的一种诊 法。
单击此处添课程名
有时去治愈；常常去帮助；总是去安慰
Contents of inquiry
1. General data（一般项目） 2. Chief complaint:（主诉） 3. Present illness（现病史） 4. Past history（既往史）
Method to learn -2
• 面临大量的临床资料，如何去粗取精、去伪存真地分析 和思考，正确的临床思维有时不是依靠独立思索而形成 的，临床会诊、讨论（MDT）等均可起到互相启发和取 长补短的作用。
单击此处添课程名 • 一个完整的诊断除需要有解剖学、功能学和影象学的诊 断外，在条件许可的情况下要尽可能作出病理学、细胞 学和病原学的诊断。 • 从一个医学生到一个能提出初步诊断的临床医生，是需
What is Clinical diagnostics ?
*是运用医学基础理论、基本知识 和基本技能, 对疾病进行诊断的一门 学科。
Basic theory, basic knowledge, basic skills for making the diagnosis and reach the therapeutic strategies
单击此处添课程名 5. Review of systems（系统回顾）
6. Personal history（个人史） 7. Menstrual history（月经史） 8. Marital history（婚姻史） 9. childbearing history（生育史） 10. Family history（家族史）
疾病英文诊断
第十四章诊断疾病名称Diagnosisdisignation of diseases病因诊断pathogenic diagnosis diagnosis of etiology病理解剖诊断diagnosis of pathological anatomy病理生理诊断diagnosis of pathological physiology并发症complication合并症伴发疾病accompanying diseases1心内科疾病heart diseasescardiac insufficiency heart failure心功能不全心衰cardiogenic hypovolemic, septic, anaphylactic, neurogenic shock心原性低血容量性,感染性,过敏性,神经原性休克sinus tachycardia bradycardia, arrhythmia, arrest窦性心动过速,心动过缓,心律不齐,停搏sinus rhythm窦性心律sick sinus syndromeSSS病窦综合征Adams –stokes syndrome阿-斯综合征junctional ventricular escape beat交界性室性逸搏escape rhythm逸搏心律left atrial rhythm左房心律chaotic atrial rhythm房性紊乱心律wandering rhythm游走心律premature atrialventricular, junctional beats房性室性,交界性早搏multifocal multimorphic多源性多形性bigeminy trigeminy二三联律paroxysmal atrial supraventricular, ventricular tachycardia阵发性房性室上性,室性心动过速sustained ventricular tachycardia持续性室速sinus nodal reentrant tachycardia窦房结折返性心动过速Torsade de pointes TDP尖端扭转型室速A-VA-V nodalreentrant tachycardia房室房室结折返性心动过速atrial flutter fibrillation房扑颤ventricular flutter fibrillation室扑颤sino-auricular intra-auricular, intra-ventricularblock窦房房内, 室内传导阻滞first second, third degree atrioventricular A-VblockIII、III度房室传导阻滞second degree, type III A-V blockII度III型房室传导阻滞Wenckebach phenomena文氏现象Mobitz type III莫氏III型complete incomplete left right bundle branch block完全性不完全性左右束支传导阻滞advanced high grade A-V block高度房室传导阻滞left anterior posterior fascicular block左前后分支阻滞type AB wolff-parkinson-white syndrome pre-excitation syndromeAB型预激W-P-W综合征Lown-Ganong-Levime L-G-L syndromeL-G-L综合征短P-R综合征accelerated idioventricular idiojunctional rhythm加速性室性交界性自主心律ectopic junctional, reciprocal rhythm异位交界性,反复心律ventricular hypertrophy心室肥厚leftright atrial enlargement左右房扩大idiopathic特发性interfering atrioventricular dissociation干扰性房室分离Brugada syndrome Brugada 综合征cardiac arrest sudden death心脏骤停猝死acute rheumatic fever 急性风湿热rheumatic carditis风湿性心脏炎chorea舞蹈病rheumatic heart disease风湿性心脏病multivalve disease多瓣膜病valvular heart disease心瓣膜病mitralaortic, pulmonary, tricuspid stenosis二尖瓣主动脉瓣,肺动肪瓣,三尖瓣狭窄mitral aortic, tricuspid regurgitationinsufficiency二尖瓣主动脉瓣,三尖瓣反流关闭不全coronary artery heart disease冠心病acute coronary syndrome 急性冠脉综合征acute old myocardial infarction MI急性陈旧性心肌梗死Q wave non-Q wave MIQ波非Q波心梗unstable stable angina pectoris不稳定稳定型心绞痛cardiogenic sudden death心源性猝死initial onset angina peotoris初发型心绞痛angina decubitus卧位型心绞痛variant angina pectoris变异型心绞痛intermediate syndrome 中间综合症post-infarction angina pectoris梗死后心绞痛congenital heart disease先天性心脏病pulmonary aortic stenosis肺主动脉狭窄coartation of aorta主动脉缩窄idiopathic primary pulmonary hypertension 原发性肺动脉高压persistent left superior vena cava左侧上腔静脉永存superior vena caval obstruction syndrome上腔静脉阻塞综合征dextro cardia右位心marfan`s syndrome 马凡氏综合征atrial ventricular septal defectASD/VSD房室间隔缺损patent ductus arteriosus PDA动脉导管未闭single atrium ventricle单心房室endocardial cushion defect心内膜垫缺损aortic sinus aneurysm主动脉窦瘤coronary arteritis冠状动脉炎coronary artery fistula冠状动脉瘘malformation of coronary artery冠状动脉畸形coronary arteriovenous fistula冠状动静脉瘘tetralogytrilogy of Fallot法乐氏四三联征complete corrected transposition of great vessels完全性纠正型大血管转位double-outlet of right ventricle 右室双出口partial complete anomalous pulmonary venous drainage部分完全性肺静脉畸形引流Eisenmenger Ebstein syndrome艾生曼格综合征埃勃斯坦畸形persistent trumcus arteriosus永存主动脉干congenital pulmonary arteriovenous fistula先天性肺动静脉瘘primary secondary hypertension 原发继发性高血压hypertensive crisis urgencies, emergencies高血压危象急诊hypertensive nephropathy papillo-retinopathy, cerebral hemorrhage高血压性肾病视乳头-视网膜病,脑出血acute subacute becterial endocarditis急亚急性细菌性心内膜炎infective endocarditis感染性心内膜炎acute chronic cor pulmonale急慢性肺原性心脏病chronic pulmonary heart disease慢性肺心病acute chronic pericarditis 急慢性心包炎constrictive pericarditis缩窄性心包炎purulent tuberculous pericarditis化脓结核性心包炎syphilitic heart disease梅毒性心脏病acute viral myocarditis 急性病毒性心肌炎primary specific cardiomyopathy原发特异性心肌病dilated hypertrophic, restrictive cardiomyopathy扩张肥厚,限制型心肌病hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy HOCM肥厚型梗阻性心肌病arrhythmogenic right ventricula dysplasiaARVD致心律失常性右室发育不全tachycardia induced cardiomyopathy心动过速性心肌病hypertensivealcoholic,ischemic,diabetic,peripartum,hyperthyroid cardio- myopathy高血压酒精,缺血,糖尿病,围生期,甲亢性心肌病drug-induced cardiomyopathy药物性心肌病keshan disease克山病myxoma of left atrium左房粘液瘤metastatic cardiac tumor心脏转移性肿瘤cardiac neurosis心脏神经官能症mitral prolapse syndrome二尖瓣脱垂综合征long Q-T syndrome长QT间期综合征aortic dissecting aneurysm主动脉夹层动脉瘤multiple primary arteritis of aorta and main branches多发性大动脉炎Takayasu arteritis 大动脉炎高安动脉炎Raynaud disease雷诺氏病systemic vasculitis系统性血管炎thromboangitis obliterans血栓闭塞性脉管炎deep vein thrombosis深静脉血栓形成superficial thrombophlebitis血栓性浅静脉炎syndrome XX 综合征peripheral arteriosclerosis obliteration闭塞性周围动脉粥样硬化Churg-Strauss syndrome变应性肉芽肿性血管炎radiofrequency catheter ablationRFCA射频消融术percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty PBMV经皮二尖瓣球囊扩张术transluminal extraction catheterTEC经皮腔内切吸导管percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablationPTSMA经皮经腔间隔心肌消融术percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty PTCA经皮腔内冠脉成形术acute left-sided heart failure 急性左心衰竭pulmonary lung edema肺水肿chronic heart failure慢性心衰systolic diastolic insufficiency heart failure收缩舒张功能不全性心衰cardiac insufficiency NYHA I-Ⅳ心功能不全I~Ⅳ级intractable heart failure顽固性难治性心衰artificial cardiac pacing人工心脏起搏subclavian steal syndrome锁骨下动脉窃血综合征pulselessness disease无脉症myocardial bridging肌桥postpericardiostomy syndrome心脏损伤后综合征cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPR心肺复苏aortic arch syndrome主动脉弓综合征2呼吸内科疾病lung diseasessilicosis矽肺acute chronic bronchitis急慢性支气管炎tracheobronchitis气管-支气管炎bronchial asthma支气管哮喘status asthmatics哮喘持续状态bronchiectasis支气管扩张upper respiratory tract infection上呼吸道感染lung fibrosis肺纤维化allergic airway inflammation变应反应性气道炎症bacterial viral, mycoplasma, reckettsia, radiaton pneumonia细菌性病毒性,支原体,立克次体,放射性肺炎community acquited pneumoniaCAP社区获得性肺炎pneumococcal staphylococcal, streptococcal, gram-negative bacillus pneumonia肺炎球菌葡萄球菌,链球菌,革兰氏阴性杆菌肺炎influenza common cold流行性普遍感冒pulmonary candidiasis aspergillosis, mucormycosis, histoplasmosis, actinomycosis, nocardiosis肺念球菌曲菌、毛霉菌,组织胞浆菌,放线菌,奴长菌病pulmonary mycosis肺真菌病cryptococcosis肺隐球菌病lung abscess肺脓肿anaphylactic pneumonia Leoffer`s syndrome过敏性肺炎吕弗琉综合征extrinsic allergic alveolitis外源性过敏性肺泡炎pulmonary eosinophiaeosinophilosis肺嗜酸粒细胞浸润症chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseCOPD慢性阻塞性肺病obstructive pulmonary emphysema阻塞性肺气肿pulmonary embolism PE肺栓塞pulmonary vascular thrombosis 肺血管血栓形成pulmonary edema肺水肿respiratory failure type I/II 呼吸衰竭I、II型adult respiratory distress syndrome ARDS成人呼吸窘迫综合征lung pulmonary tuberculosis肺结核miliary TB 粟粒性肺结核endobronchial tuberculosis支气管内膜结核pulmonary alveolar proteinosis胞泡蛋白沉积症pulmonary encephalopathy肺性脑病sleep apnea syndrome睡眠呼吸暂停综合征respiratory alkalosis acidosis呼吸性碱酸中毒acute lung injury急性肺损伤interstitial lung disease间质性肺病dry exudative tuberculosis pleuritis pleurisy干性渗出性结核性胸膜炎empyema脓胸pleural effusion 胸腔积液Legionella pneumoniaLP军团菌肺炎drug-induced lung disease药物性肺病sarcoidosis结节病pneumothorax气胸lung eosinophilic granuloma 肺嗜酸细胞肉芽肿primary mediastinal tumor原发性纵隔肿瘤pleural mesothelioma胸膜间皮瘤primary bronchogenic carcinoma原发性支气管肺癌small cell lung cancer 小细胞肺癌metastatic tumor carcinoma of lung肺结移瘤癌lung fibroma肺纤维瘤undifferentiated carcinoma of lung肺未分化癌paraneoplastio syndrome副癌综合征bronchial adenoma支气管腺瘤pulmonary hamartoma肺错构瘤bronchogenic cyst 支气管囊肿amyloidosis淀粉样变性middle lobe syndrome 肺中叶综合征cor pulmonale肺心病pueumosclerosis肺硬化lober atelectasis肺叶不张pulmonary lobectomy肺叶切除术pulmonary hypertension肺高压angio-pneumography肺血管造影术foreign body in lung肺异物intratracheal foreign body气管内异物hyaline membrane disease肺透明膜病lung consolidation肺实变lung sequestration肺内隔离症tracheostomy tracheotomy气管造口切开术endotracheal intubation气管插管术3消化内科疾病GI diseasesstenosis of esophagus食管狭窄esophageal atresia食道闭锁esophageal and gastric varices varicosis 食管-胃静脉曲张hiatus hernia食管裂孔疝diverticulum of esophagus食管憩室carcinoma of esophagus食管癌reflux esophagitis反流性食管炎esophageal achalasia食道贲门失弛缓症esophageal perforation食管穿孔benign esophageal tumor食管良性肿瘤esophageal mucosa erosion食管粘膜糜烂esophageal polyp食管息肉foreign body in esophagus 食管异物congenital esophageal anomaly食管先天性畸形Barrett esophagus Barrett 食管acutesimple corrosive, phlegmonous, hemorrhagic erosive gastritis急性单纯性腐蚀性,化脓性,糜烂出血性胃炎chronic superficial atrophic,hypertrophic, erosive gastritis慢性浅表性萎缩性,肥厚性,糜烂性胃炎bile regurgitation gastritis胆汁反流性胃炎peptic ulcer消化性溃疡gastric ulcer胃溃疡prolapse of gastric mucosa胃粘膜脱垂gastrinoma zollinger-Ellison syndrome 胃泌素瘤卓-艾综合征acute gastric dilation急性胃扩张gastric retention胃潴留postgastrectomy syndrome胃切除术后综合征gastroduodenoscopy胃十二指肠镜检查polyp of stomach intestinal tract胃肠道息肉carcinoma benign tumor, leiomyosarcoma, malignant lymphoma of stomach胃癌良性肿瘤,平滑肌肉瘤,恶性淋巴瘤foreign body of stomach 胃内异物dumping syndrome 倾倒综合征late postprandial hypoglycemia餐后低血糖症stomal ulcer吻合口溃疡syndrome of the gastric remnant残胃综合征duodenal ulcer十二指肠溃疡duodenitis十二指肠炎upper lower gastrointestinal bleeding上下消化道出血crohn disease克隆病intestinal tuberculosis肠结核acute hemorrhage necrotizing enteritis急性出血性坏死性肠炎intestinal malabsorption syndrome 小肠吸收不良综合征enteric volvulus小肠扭转small intestinal duodenal stasis syndrome小肠十二指肠淤滞综合征adhesion of small intestine小肠粘连short bowel syndrome短肠综合征malignant benign tumor of small intestine小肠恶良性肿瘤carcinoid tumor carcinoid syndrome 类癌类癌综合征intestinal fibroma sarcoma, diverticulum, diverticulitis小肠纤维瘤肉瘤,憩室,憩室炎enteritis小肠炎ulcerative colitis溃疡性结肠炎intestinal obstruction肠梗阻carcinoma of the colon rectum结直肠癌gastrointestinal neurosis胃肠神经宫能症irritable bowel syndrome 肠易激综合征motility diarrhea 肠运动功能异常性腹泻functional constipation gastrointestinal disorders功能性便秘胃肠病functional dyspepsia 功能性消化不良intestinal allergic purpura 小肠过敏性紫癜tuberculous peritonitis结核性腹膜炎chronic diarrhea慢性腹泻inflammatory bowel disease diarrhea炎症性肠病腹泻spontaneous bacterial peritonitis SBP自发性细菌性腹膜炎Helicobacter PyloriHP幽门螺旋杆菌toxic magacolon 中毒性巨结肠acute chronic hepatitis急慢性肝炎drug-induced liver disease药物性肝病post hepatitis schistosomal, alcoholic cirrhosis肝炎后血吸虫性,酒精性肝硬化nodular biliary cirrhosis结节胆汁性肝硬化 alcoholic liver disease 酒精性肝病primary carcinoma of the liver 原发性肝癌hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌hepatocellular jaundice肝细胞性黄疸hepatic fibrosis肝纤维化hepatic encephalopathy 肝性脑病hepatic cyst 肝囊肿carvernous hemangioma海绵状血管瘤hepatic coma 肝性昏迷acute chronic hepatic failure 急慢性肝功能衰竭portal hypertension门脉高压hepatorenal syndrome 肝肾综合征liver parasitosis abscess, aneurysm, hamartoma肝寄生虫病脓肿,动脉瘤,错构瘤cholecystitis胆囊炎cholelithiasis胆囊结石cholecystic carcinoma胆囊癌cholangiohepatoma胆管细胞癌cholestatic jaundice胆汁淤积性黄疸pancreatic cystpseudocyst胰腺假性囊肿pancreatitis胰腺炎acute necrotising interstitial pancreatitis急性坏死水肿型胰腺炎pancreatic carcinoma胰腺癌insulinoma gastrinoma胰岛素胃泌素瘤retroperitoneal tumorabscess 后腹膜肿瘤脓肿hypersplenism 脾亢fatty liver脂肪肝4神经内科疾病neurological diseasesoptic neuritis视神经炎trigeminal neuralgia三叉神经痛facial neuritis面神经炎meniere`s disease美尼尔尼症polyneuritis多发性神经炎sciaticaischialgia坐骨神经痛garpal tunnel syndrome腕管综合征acute purulent myelitis急性化脓性脊髓炎syringomyelia脊髓空洞症hereditary atexia遗传性共济失调症compression of spinal cord脊髓压迫症bifid spine脊柱裂transverse injury of spinal cord脊髓横贯性损伤poliomyelitis脊髓灰质炎myelocyst脊髓囊肿myelocele脊髓膨出deformity of spine脊柱畸形migraine偏头痛vascular headache血管性头痛headache due to muscular contraction肌肉收缩性头痛traumatic headache外伤性头痛epilepsy癫痫focal seizure局限性发作grand mal大发作petit mal小发作status epilepticus癫痫持续状态transient ischemic attackTIA短暂脑缺血发作cerebral embolisminfarction, hemorrhage脑栓塞梗塞,出血subarachnoid hemorrhageSAH蛛网膜下腔出血encephalitis encephalopathy脑炎脑病delayed neuropathy encephalopathy迟发性神经病脑病meningitis脑膜炎cerebral echinococcosis脑包虫病cerebral aneurysm脑动脉瘤hydrocephalus脑积水cerebroma脑瘤cerebromalacia脑软化intracerebral hematoma脑内血肿concussion of brain脑震荡postconcussion syndrome脑震荡后综合征neuroglioma神经胶质瘤meningioma脑膜瘤neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤neurinoma神经鞘瘤brain abscess脑脓肿intracranial hypertension颅内高压Parkinson`s diseaseparalysis agitans帕金森氏病震颤麻痹hepatolenticular degeneration 肝豆状核变性athetosis手足徐动症spasmodic torticollis痉挛性斜颈myasthenia gravis重症肌无力periodic paralysis周期性麻痹progressive muscular dystrophy进行性肌营养不良症Bell paralysis贝耳氏面瘫chorea minor rheumatic caorea 小舞蹈病polymyositis多发性肌炎inclusion body myositis包涵体肌炎dermatomositis皮肌炎Hypothalamus syndrome下丘脑综合征5血液科疾病hematological diseasesiron deficiency megaloblastic, aplastic, hemolytic anemia缺铁性巨幼细胞性,再生障碍性,溶血性贫血pernicious refeactory anemia恶性难治性贫血paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria PNH阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿hereditary spherocytosis遗传性球形细胞增多症favism蚕豆病thalassemia地中海贫血sickle cell disease镰刀细胞病methemoglobinemia高铁血红蛋白血症hemolytic disease of newborn新生儿溶血症autoimmune hemolytic anemia ATH自身免疫性溶血性贫血post-hemorrhagic anemia失血性贫血leukopenia agranulocytosis白粒细胞减少缺乏症polycythemia vera 真性红细胞增多症eosinophilia嗜酸性粒细胞增多症hereditary spherocytosis遗传性球形红细胞增多症acute chronic myelocytic lymphocytic leukemia 急慢性粒淋巴细胞性白血病acute non-lymphocytic leukemia ANLL急性非淋巴细胞性白血病acute monocytic leukemia 急性单核细胞性白血病acute promyelocytic leukemia急性早幼粒细胞性白血病chloroma绿色瘤plasma-cellmegakaryocytic leukemia浆巨核细胞性白血病hairy cell leukemia多毛细胞白血病preleukemia白血病前期leukemoid reaction类白血病反应myelofibrosis骨髓纤维化McCune-Albright syndrome多发性骨纤维营养不良primary thrombocythemia原发性血小板增多症Hodgkin disease何杰金氏病non-Hodgkin lymphoma非何杰金氏淋巴瘤multiple myelomaMM多发性骨髓瘤eosinophilic granuloma嗜酸性肉芽肿malignant histiocytosis恶性组织细胞病hypersplenism脾功能亢进症anaphylactoid Henoch-Schonlein purpura过敏性紫癜idiopathic selondary thrombocytopenic purpuraITP原发继发性血小板减少性紫癜hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张thrombasthenia thrombopathia血小板无力症病von Willebrand disease VWD血管性假血友病hereditary acquired hypofibrinogenemia遗传性获得性纤维蛋白原缺乏症disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC弥漫性血管内凝血myelodysplastic syndrome骨髓增生异常综合征myeloproliferation disease骨髓增生性疾病osteoporosis OP 骨质疏松症heterogenous autologous bone marrow transplantation异体自体骨髓移位hemapoietic stem cell cord blood transplantation HSCT造血干细胞脐血移植hypercoagulable states hypercoagulability高凝状态6肾内科疾病nephrological diseasesmultiple organ dysfunction syndrome MODS多器官功能障碍综合征acute renal failure pre-renal post-renal肾前后性急性肾衰nonoliguric acute renal failure 非少尿型急性肾衰acute tublar necrosis急性肾小管坏死chronic renal failure慢性肾衰uremia 尿毒症azotemia氮质血症acutechronicnephritisglomerulonephritis急性慢性肾炎肾小球肾炎crescentric glomerulonephritis新月体性肾炎pulmonary-renal Goodpasture syndrome肺出血肾炎综合征latent focal glomerulonephritis隐匿局灶性肾炎malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis 恶性肾小动脉硬化rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis急进性肾小球肾炎proliferative sclerosing glomerulonephritis增生性硬化性肾炎mesangial proliferative capillary glomerulonephritis系膜增生性毛细血管性肾炎membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis系膜增生性肾炎hereditary nephritis遗传性肾炎interstitial nephritis间质性肾炎endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎tubulointerstitial nephritis肾小管间质性肾炎membranous nephropathy膜性肾病nephrotic syndrome肾病综合征renal artery stenosis embolism肾动脉狭窄栓塞renal vein thrombosis肾静脉血栓形成renal tubular acidosis 肾小管性酸中毒nephrogenic diabetes insipidus肾性尿崩症Pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎polycystic kidney多囊肾nephrolithiasis肾积石diabetichypertensive,lupus nephropathy糖尿病高血压,狼疮性肾病minimal change nephropathy微小病变性肾病hemolytic uremic syndrome HUS溶血性尿毒症综合征7内分泌科疾病endocrine diseaseshypothalamus empty sella syndrome下丘脑空泡蝶鞍综合征hypopituitarism腺垂体功能减退症pituitary dwarfism垂体性侏儒症hypothalamic-pituitary amenorrhea下丘脑-垂体性闭经Simons Sheenhan disease西蒙席汉氏病gigantism acromegaly巨人肢端肥大症pituitary tumor垂体瘤central diabetes insipidus中枢性尿崩症adrenal crisis acute adrenocortical hypofunction肾上腺危象急性肾上腺皮质功能减退症Addison’s diseasechronic adrenocortical hypofunction阿狄森氏病慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症congenital adrenal hyperplasia CAH先天性肾上腺皮质增生syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone SIADH抗利尿激素不适当分泌综合征Cushing syndrome hypercortisolism柯兴氏综合征皮质醇增多症primary secondary aldosteronism原继发性醛固酮增多症pheochromocytoma嗜铬细胞瘤hyperthyroidismhypothyroidism甲亢甲减subclinical hyperthyroidism亚临床甲亢simple toxic diffuse, toxic multinodular toiter单纯性毒性弥漫性,毒性多结节性甲状腺肿autonomic hyperfunctional adenoma自主性功能亢进性甲状腺瘤T3T4-thgrotoxicosis T3 T4型甲亢acute chronic lymphocytic, subacute thyroiditis急性慢性淋巴细胞性,亚急性甲状腺炎Hashimoto thyroiditis桥本甲状腺炎thyroid adenoma carcinoma, nodule甲状腺腺瘤癌,结节hyper hypo thyroid heart disease甲亢减性心脏病thyrotoxic myopathy exophthalmos,encephalopathy甲状腺素毒性肌病突眼,脑病thyrotoxic parathyroid crisis甲状旁腺危象hyperthyroidsim crisis甲亢危象hypo-hyper- parathyroidism甲状旁腺功能减退亢进total subtotal, partial thyroidectomy甲状腺全部次全,部分切除术goitrous cretinism甲状腺肿呆小症thyreoprival tetany甲状腺切除后手足搐搦premenstrual tension经前紧张症menopausal syndrome绝经期综合征oophoritic ovarian polycyst卵巢多发性囊肿pinealoma pinealocytoma松果体瘤gynaecomastia男性乳房发育症diabetic ketoacidosis DKA糖尿病酮症酸中毒diabetic hyperosmotic coma糖尿病高渗性昏迷nonketotic hyperosmolar diabetic coma糖尿病非酮症高渗性昏迷lactic acidosis乳酸性酸中毒diabetic microangiopathy macroangiopathy, nephropathy糖尿病性微血管病变大血管病变,肾病hypoglycemia低血糖症glucagonoma胰高糖素瘤β-cell tumor of pancrease islet胰岛β细胞瘤insulinoma 胰岛素瘤hepatogenous alcoholic, reactive, drug-induced hypoglycemia肝源性酒精性,反应性,药物性低血糖insulin resistance syndrome胰岛素抵抗综合征obesity肥胖症glycogen storage disease糖原累积病xanthoma黄色瘤gout hyperuricemia 痛风高尿酸血症porphyria 血卟啉病hemochromatosis血色病amyloidosis淀粉样变性osteoporosis骨质疏松hyperlipoproteinemia高脂蛋白血症hypercholesterolemia高胆固醇血症hypertriglyceridemia高甘油三酯血症hyperlipemia高脂血症rheumatoid arthritis类风湿性关节炎still disease幼年型类风关Felty Reiter syndrome弗尔提赖特尔综合征systemic discoid lupus erythematosus SLE/DLE系统性盘型红斑狼疮dermatomyositis皮肌炎systemic vasculitis系统性血管炎Sjogren`s syndrome 干燥综合征ankylosing spondylitis强直性脊柱炎seronegative spondyloarthropathy血清阴性脊柱关节病scleroderma硬皮病polyarteritis结节性多动脉炎Wegener`s granulomatosis韦格纳肉芽肿candidiasis-endocrinopathy syndrome念珠菌-内分泌病综合征abnormal glucose tolerance糖耐量异常psoriatic arthritis银屑病关节炎8精神病科疾病psychosismental disturbance精神障碍general paralysis of insanity麻痹性痴呆infective toxic, physical psychosis感染性中毒性,躯体性精神病somopsychosis躯体性精神病senile presenile dementia 老年性老年前期痴呆Traumatic psychosis 外伤性精神病schizophrenia精神分裂症menic-depression affective psychosis狂躁抑郁症情感性精神病involutional melancholia更年期忧郁症menopausal syndrome更年期综合征reactive psychogenic psychosis反应性心因性精神病paranoid psychosis paranoia, paranoid偏执性精神病偏执狂,类偏执狂neurosis nervous exhausation 神经官能症神经衰弱anxiety obsession 焦虑强迫症hysteria癔症 mental retardation obigophrenia精神发育不全offective disorder情感障碍anorexia nervosa神经性厌食anxious mania焦虑性躁狂aquaphobia恐水症concussion of brain脑震荡dilirious mania谵妄性躁狂organic inborn, traumatic dementia器质性先天性,外伤性痴呆fugue神游症fetishism恋物癖exhibitionism露阴癖voyeurism窥淫癖transvestism易装癖pica异食症schizoid personality人格分裂9皮肤科疾病skin diseasescontact autosensitive, allergic, seborreic, atopic, diaper, infections eczematoid, light sensitive dermatitis接触性自身致敏性,过敏性,脂溢性,遗传过敏性,尿布,传染性湿疹样,光敏性皮炎eczema湿疹acute chronic urticaria急慢性荨麻疹papular urticaria丘疹性荨麻疹cold factitial, pressure, solar urticaria冷性人工性,压迫性,日光性荨麻疹dermatographism皮肤划痕症angioedema血管性水肿dermatomyositis皮肌炎discoid systemic lupus erythematosus盘状系统性红斑狼疮foot and mouth disease口蹄病drug eruption药疹common warts verruca planae, condyloma acuminata寻常扁平,尖锐湿疣herpes simplex单纯疱疹herpes zoster带状疱疹impetigo bullosa大疱性脓疱疮impetigo vulgaris寻常脓疱疮folliculitis毛囊炎furuncle疖leprosy麻风病skin tuberculosis皮肤结核erysipelas erysipeloid 类丹毒candidiasis念珠菌病tinea capitiscorporis, cruris, manus, pedis, versicolor头体,股,手,足,甲癣primary secondary, tertiary syphilis一二、三期梅毒acquired congenital syphilis获得先天性梅毒scabies疥疮bee sting蜂螫mite dermatitis螨皮炎gaterpillar dermatitis毛虫皮炎pruritus瘙痒症neurodermatitis神经性皮炎psoriasis 银屑病erythema multiform多形性红斑lichen planus扁平苔癣solar dermatitis日光皮炎miliaria rubra痱子pernio冻疮clavus callus鸡眼胼胝rhagadia manus et pedis手足皲裂radiodermatitis放射性皮炎ichthyosis鱼鳞病keratoderma keratosis角化病erythema nodosum结节性红斑allergic purpura过敏性紫癜circumscribed diffuse scleroderma局限弥漫性硬皮病mixed connective tissue disease混合性结缔组织病pemphigus pemphigoid 类天疱疮acne痤疮rosacea酒渣鼻anhidrosis dyshidrosis, hyperhidrosis, bromidrosis无汗症出汗不良,多汗症,腋臭canities白发alopecia areata totalis斑全秃freckles chloasma 雀黄褐斑vitiligo 白癜疯nevus pigmentosus色素痣mixed intradermal naevus 混合皮内痣hemangioma cavernosum海锦状血管瘤leukoplakia粘膜白斑squamous cell carcinome in situ 原位癌Paget`s disease湿疹样癌basal cell carcinoma基底细胞癌granuloma肉芽肿squamous cell carcinoma鳞状细胞癌allergic nodular, systemic vasculitis过敏结节,系统性血管炎ulcer 溃疡tuberous sclerosis结节性硬化症thrush 鹅口疮Behcet`s syndrome白塞口-眼-生殖器综合征sunburn晒斑steatocystoma multiplex多发性皮脂囊肿roseola玫瑰疹pretibial myxedema胫前粘液性水肿paronychia甲沟炎melasma黄褐斑lipoid proteinosis类脂蛋白沉积症livedo reticularis网状青斑hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症hirsutism hypotrichosis多少毛症10传染科疾病infectious diseaseshealthy chronic, permanent, temporary carrier健康慢性,终身,暂时带菌者bacteremia septicemia, pyemia, toxemia菌败,脓毒,毒血症septic shock 感染性休克upper respiratory infection influenza, common cold上呼吸道感染流感,普通感冒viral myocarditis pneumonia病毒性心肌炎肺炎double cross, general infection双重交叉,全身感染chickenpox varicella水痘rubella German mealses风疹measles麻疹smallpox variola天花herpes simplex zoster单纯带状疱疹infectious lymphocytosis 传染性淋巴细胞增多症infectious mononucleosis传染性单核细胞增多症acute viral chronic persistent, fulminant, chronic, chronic active hepatitis急性病毒性慢性迁延性,暴发性,慢性,慢性活动性肝炎icteric anicteric hepatitis非黄疸型肝炎viral hepatitis type AB,C,D,E,non A and non B甲乙,丙,丁,戊,非甲非乙型肝炎Dengue Dengue hemorrhagic, epidemic hemorrhagic fever登革登革出血,流行性出血热relapsing rat-bitefever回归鼠咬热Q yellow, lassa ,scarlet fever Q 黄,拉沙,猩红热rabbit fever tularemia 兔热病foot-mouth disease口蹄病forest influenzal encephalitis森林流感性脑炎panencephalitis全脑炎epidemic encephalitis B流行性乙脑poliomyelitis脊髓灰质炎meningitis脑膜炎epidemic myalgia流行性肌痛viral human rotaviral enteritis病毒性人轮状病毒性肠炎epidemic parotitis mumps流行性腮腺炎roseola infantum 婴儿玫瑰疹infantile diarrhea婴儿腹泻rabies hydrophobia 狂犬病恐水症scrub typhus tsatsugamushi disease恙虫病acute streptococcal tonsillitis急性链球菌性扁桃体炎pertussis whooping cough百日咳laryngeal pharyngeal diphtheria 喉咽白喉cholera霍乱bacillary dysentery菌痢anthrax炭疽病anaerobic infection厌氧菌感染kuru库鲁病leptospirosis钩端螺旋体病mycoplasma pneumonia支原体肺炎syphilis梅毒Lyme disease莱姆病rickettsia disease立克次体病epidemic endemic typhus流行地方性斑疹伤寒typhoid paratyphoid 伤寒副伤寒botulism肉毒中毒bacterial food poisoning细菌性食物中毒plague 鼠疫tetanus破伤风leprosy麻风trachoma 沙眼yaws雅司pulmonary bronchial, lymph node, intestinal, liver, renal, skin tuberculosis肺支气管,淋巴结,肠,肝,肾,皮肤结核tuberculous peritonitis meningitis, pleurisy结核性腹膜脑膜,胸膜炎aspergillosis曲霉菌病deep candidiasis深部念珠菌病cryptococcosis隐球菌病mucormycosis毛霉菌病mycosis真菌病tinea癣actinomycosis放射菌病amebic liver abscess阿米巴肝脓肿intestinal amebiasis阿米巴肠病malaria疟疾kala-azar黑热病schistosomiasis血吸虫病fasciolopsiasis姜片虫病paragonimiasis肺吸虫病taeniasis绦虫病cysticercosis囊虫病echinococciasis包虫病filariasis丝虫病ascariasis蛔虫病enterobiasis蛲虫病trichuriasis鞭虫病11普外科疾病surgical diseasesfuruncle carbuncle疖痈cellulitis abscess蜂窝织炎脓肿lymphangitis lymphadenitis淋巴管结炎paronychia甲沟周炎subungual abscess甲下脓肿tenosynovitis腱鞘炎dry moist,gas gangrene干湿,气性坏疽necrosis ulcer坏死溃疡sinus fistula窦道瘘wart cyst疣囊肿fibroma neurofibrom神经纤维瘤imperforatus atresia闭锁stenosis狭窄dipoma hemangioma脂肪血管瘤nevus melanoma黑痣黑色素瘤thyroglossal cyst 甲状舌骨囊肿tuberculosis of cervical lymph node颈淋巴结结核thyroid adenoma carcinoma甲状腺腺瘤癌nodular goiter结节性甲状腺肿tracheo-esophageal fistula气管-食管瘘esophageal atresia cicatricial stricture of esophagus 食管闭锁疤痕性狭窄医学全.在线.网.站.提供esophageal adenoma polyp,fibroma,leiomyoma食管腺瘤息肉,纤维瘤, 平滑肌瘤carcinoma of esophagus食管癌cyst of sebaceous gland皮脂腺囊肿fibrosarcoma 纤维肉瘤adenocarcinoma腺癌direct indirect inguinal herina腹股沟直斜疝femoral umbilical,incisional, internalhernia股脐,切口,腹内疝acute tuberculous peritonitis急性结核性腹膜炎subphrenic pelvis abscess膈下盆腔脓肿retroperitoneal abscesstumor后腹膜脓肿肿瘤abscess of iliac fossa髂窝脓肿torsion of omentum 大网膜扭转gastric duodenal ulcer胃十二指肠溃疡acute perforation massive hemorrhage急性穿孔大出血pyloric obstruction幽门梗阻polyp adenoma, papilloma, carcinoma of stomach胃息肉腺瘤,乳头状腺瘤,癌gastric sarcoma胃肉瘤acute dilatation of stomach 急性胃扩张ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎acute necrotizing enteritis 急性坏死性肠炎adhesive adynamic, complete, incomplete, high ,low, mechanical,strangnlating, simple obstruction of intestiine粘连性麻痹性,完全性,不完全性,高位,低位,机械性,狭窄性,单纯性肠梗阻intussusception volvulus肠套叠扭转mesenterin embolism thrombosis肠系膜动脉栓塞静脉血栓形成duodental gastric, small intestinal diverticulum diverticulitis十二指肠胃、小肠憩室炎prolapse of gastric mucosa胃粘膜脱垂症benign malignant tumor of small intestine小肠良恶性肿瘤carcinoid of small intestine小肠类癌colic polyposis结肠息肉病intestinal fistula肠瘘actue simple suppurative, gangrenous appendicitis急性单纯性化脓性,坏疽性阑尾炎congenital megacolon 先天性巨结肠anal fissure fistula肛裂瘘perianal abscess肛周脓肿cryptitis隐窝炎医学全.在线网.站.提供external internal hemorrhoids外内痔prolapse polyp, carcinomaof rectum直肠脱垂息肉,癌Crohn`s disease克隆病cavernous hemangiomacarcinoma of liver肝海绵状血管瘤癌portal hypertension门脉高压acute chronic cholecystitis急慢性胆囊炎cholelithiasis choledocholithiasis 胆囊胆总管结石stone in intrahepatic bile duct 肝内胆管结石acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎ascariasis of the biliary tract胆道蛔症carcinoma of gallbladder bile duct胆囊胆管癌acute chronic pancreatitis急慢性胰腺炎edematous hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis水肿性出血坏死性胰腺炎cyst carcinoma of pancreas胰腺囊肿癌rupture of spleen脾破裂abscess cyst of spleen脾脓肿囊肿splenomegaly and hypersplenism脾肿大和脾亢aneurysm动脉瘤arteriovenous fistula动静脉瘘varicose vein lymphedema of lower extremity下肢静脉曲张淋巴水肿phlebothrombosis thrombophlebitis静脉血栓形成血栓性静脉炎thromboangitis obliterans 血栓闭塞性脉管炎Raynaud disease雷诺氏病12胸外科疾病diseases of thoracic surgeryhemothoraxpneumothorax, hemopneumothorax血气,血气胸pneumoderma aerodermectasia皮下气肿chylothorax乳糜胸empyema thoracis脓胸emphysema of mediastinum纵隔气肿closedopen, tension pneumothorax闭合开放,张力性气胸hemopericardium血心包pericardial tamponade心包填塞aortic aneurysm主动脉动脉瘤pectus excavatum carinatum漏斗鸡胸pulmonary cyst abscess, gangrene, tuberculosis肿囊肿脓肿,坏疽,结carcinoma hamartoma, hydatid disease of lung肺癌错构瘤,包虫病constrictive pericarditis缩窄性心包炎congenital heart disease先天性心脏病patent ductus arteriosus PDA动脉导管未闭auricular ventricular septal defectASD/VSD 房室间隔缺损endocardial cushion defect 心内膜垫缺损coarctation of aorta 主动脉缩窄rheumatic heart disease风湿性心脏病pulmonary mitral, aortic, tricuspid stenosis regurgitation肺动脉二尖,主动脉,三尖瓣狭窄关闭不全dilated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy扩张肥厚型心肌病stenosis of right ventricular outflow tract右室流出道狭窄coronary fistula冠脉瘘transposition of great artery 大动脉转位double outlet of right ventricle 右室双出口Ebstein`s anomaly爱勃斯坦畸形Eisenmenger`s Budd-Chiari`s, Lutembacher`s syndrome爱森曼格布-加,鲁登巴哈氏综合征trilogy tetralogy of Fallot 法乐氏三四联症coronary artery disease CAD冠心病carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌esophagocele食道疝esohageal diverticulum食管憩室thymoma 胸腺瘤tumor of mediastinum纵隔肿瘤diaphragmatic hernia膈疝13骨科和创伤外伤疾病diseases of orthopedics and traumacomplete incomplete, closed, open, habitual, pathologic dislocation完全性不完全性,闭合,开放,习惯性,病理性脱位dislocation of elbow hip joint 肘髋关节脱位dislocation of shoulder肩关节脱位closed open, compression, epiphysial, stress, impacted, multiple,pathologicalfracture闭合性开放性,压缩性,骨骺,疲劳,嵌入性,。
诊断学英文课件：Clinical-Diagnostics全
•No correct diagnosis •No appropriate treatment
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Contents of Clinical diagnostics
单击此处添课程名 5. Review of systems（系统回顾）
6. Personal history（个人史） 7. Menstrual history（月经史） 8. Marital history（婚姻史） 9. childbearing history（生育史） 10. Family history（家族史）
Method to learn -2
• 面临大量的临床资料，如何去粗取精、去伪存真地分析 和思考，正确的临床思维有时不是依靠独立思索而形成 的，临床会诊、讨论（MDT）等均可起到互相启发和取 长补短的作用。
单击此处添课程名 • 一个完整的诊断除需要有解剖学、功能学和影象学的诊 断外，在条件许可的情况下要尽可能作出病理学、细胞 学和病原学的诊断。 • 从一个医学生到一个能提出初步诊断的临床医生，是需
Clinical Diagnostics
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General Introduction
• What is Clinical diagnostics ?
• Con单ten击ts o此f c处lini添cal课dia程gn名ostics
• How to learn clinical diagnostics?
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上海交大《诊断学英文版》专业全套课件
Often accompanied by a coarse, low pitched inspiratory wheezing and dry cough.
2020/8/25
Expiratory dyspnea
Expiratory dyspnea is due to the decrease of lung elasticity and spasm narrowing of the bronchioles and smaller bronchi as in emphysema, bronchial asthma and asthmatic bronchitis.
Results in the decrease of ventilators and gas exchange capacity.
Breathing is difficult during both inspiration and expiration.
2020/8/25
Cardiac dyspnea
Dyspnea
2020/8/25
Definition:
Dyspnea is defined as an awareness of difficulty in breathing It is therefore a symptom, usually described by the patient as “short of breath,” whether the sensation is due to actual difficulty in breathing or is essentially an awareness of hyperventilation. If the symptom becomes striking, it always companies with dilatation of nares, cyanosis, use of accessory muscles of respiration and abnormalities of respiratory rate, depth or rhythm.
诊断学(发热)中英文版医学PPT课件
Summrize 总结
Master 掌握 Definition of fever, normal body temperature, classification of fever, clinical significance of the common fever type Acquaintance 熟悉 The causes of fever, pathogenesis, and interrogation points
Non-infectious fever非感染性发热
Hyperthyrea甲状腺功能亢进； Thermoregulation dysfunction 体温调节中枢异； Aseptic necrosis of material damage or necrosis 无菌性坏死物质损伤/坏死(吸收热)。
Classification of etiology 病因分类
1 2
最常见
Infectious fever感染性发热
Caused by a variety of pathogens各种病原体感染引起。 Bacteria细菌(43%)、virus病毒(7%)、立克次体支原体、 螺旋体、真菌、寄生虫等。
Comprehend 了解 Clinical course of fever and the accompanying symptoms
Questions
1、Is it right to take an antiphlogistic needle with a fever?
2、The classification of fever？
Fever（发热）
复习旧课
The body's internal temperature
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• palpation:hepatomegly
hepatojugular reflux positive edema
• percussion:pleural and ascitic fluid • auscultation: systolic murmur(TV),
Aortic heart disease congenital heart disease senile retrograde
• Symptoms
• dyspnea, angina pectoris, syncope
• Signs • inspection
Mitral insufficiency
acute:infection ischemia chronic:RHD--rheumatic heart disease
mitral prolapse coronary heart disease senile retrograde
Mitral insufficiency
The main symptoms and signs of common diseases of circulatory system
Mitral stenosis
• Causes
RHD--rheumatic heart disease senile retrograde congenital heart disease
• Symptoms
right side heart failure: abdominal distention oliguria anorexia nausea and vomiting
• Signs(LHF) • inspection
Tachypnea,cyanosis, to sit up straight. Pink foam sputum,
diastolic thrill
• percussion
normal heart borders pear shape heart
• Auscultation
diastolic murmurs: apical area,mild and late diastolic,crescendo,rumbling,more clearly when lying on one`s left side S1 opening snap mar be auscultatory accentuation of pulmonary second sound (P2), splitting Graham Steel`s murmur (PV diastolic) systolic mumur(TV area) atrial fibrillation (late stage)
Heart failure
• Symptoms
left side heart failure: fatigue, progressive exertional dyspnea-- nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea--orthopnoea cough, foam sputum hemoptysis
• palpation
pulsus alternans
• percussion • auscultation
gallop rhythm,HR , P2 ,fine crackles,bronchial asthma
• Signs(RHF) • inspection :jugular venous enlargement
• Peripheral vascular signs
• • • • • • head nodding capillary pulsation water hammer pulse pistol shot soumd Duroziez`s MUEMUE visible pulsation of carotid arteries
• palpation
apex beat is elevated and forceful systolic thrill(AV1) pulse tardus
apex impulse increased and displaced to left downward
• percussion
normal heart borders or the border of dullness enlarged to left downward
pericardial friction,rapid HR,pericardial knocking
• Large PE
jugular venous enlargement hepatomegly hepatojugular reflux positive Ewart sign: (Subscapularis area ) vocal fremitus dullness brochovesicular breath sound paradoxical pulse
gallop rhythm symptoms and signs of primary heart disease
• Auscultation
murmurs: AV1 area, systolic period, harsh, ejection sound, 3/6 grade transmitted to neck S2 (AV),reversed splitting S4
Aortic insufficiency
• percussion
the border of dullness enlarged to left downward, both sides enlarged at late stage
• Auscultation
murmurs: apical area, pansystolic period, harsh, blowing, 3/6 grade transmitted to left oxter and left infrascapular angle S1 P2 , splitting
Mitral stenosis
• Symptoms
dyspnea cough hemoptysis dysphagia Hoarseness
• Signs • inspection
mitral complex apex impulse may be displaced to the left
• palpation
heaving apex impulse and displaced to left downward
• percussion
the border of dullness enlarged to left downward, boot shape
• Auscultation
murmurs: aortic valvular area, diastolic period, decrescendo sighing heard clearly sitting erect and forward transmitted to left inferior sternum and apical area Austin Flint murmur
apex impulse diminution
• palpation
apex beat is palpated uneasily
• percussion
enlargement of the cardiac dullness bilaterally,changed with posture
• Auscultation
• Symptoms
palpitation fatigue dizziness pulsating sense (head) angina pectoris dyspnea
• Signs • inspection
apex impulse displaced to left downward
• palpation
Pericardial effusion
• Causes
infective non -infective
• Symptoms
palpitation, dyspnea, cough, abdominal distention, edema, fever , shock
• Signs • inspection
• Symptoms
palpitation fatigue cough dyspnea on exertion
• Signs • inspection
apex impulse displaced to left downward
• palpation
heaving apex impulse,systolic thrill(severe)