高考英语短文改错 2 第二讲 句法类错误
高考英语二轮复习 专题五 短文改错 第2讲 句法错误和行文逻辑错误课件.pptx
【真题例析 1】(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 答案：that→where 解析：考查宾语从句。此处表达的是“靠近我所住 的地方”，故需将 that 改为 where。where 在此引导宾 语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
14
【真题例析 1】(2016·全国卷Ⅰ) Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area. 答案：去掉 but 解析：考查行文逻辑错误。从属连词 though(虽然) 不能与并列连词 but 一起使用，故去掉 but。
15
2
句法类错误设置重点考察基本句法知识，包括句子 成分的划分，句子结构分析及连词的用法，特殊句式的 基本结构及其用法等，要求考生有一定的复合句结构分 析能力和辨别能力。行文逻辑错误设置重点考察对短文 前后逻辑语义的把握能力。
3
技巧 1 短文改错题涉及时态的考查点通常为： (1)一般现在时和一般过去时的混用； (2)短文中时态的使用前后不一致； (3)在特定语境条件下时态的误用(含有状语从句的 复合句，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态)； (4)有时也涉及对其他时态的考查。
18
专题五 短文改错
1
第 讲 句法错误和行文逻辑错误
高考英语短文改错常见的句法错误有动词的时态、 语态错误，非谓语动词使用错误，主谓一致错误，名词 性从句、定语从句和状语从句等三大从句出现的错误以 及句子成分的赘余等。还有语气的误用，主要体现在虚 拟语气的误用、主从句语气不一致等。这些错误通常与 句子成分的分析紧密相关，所以难度较大。行文逻辑错 误主要设置连词、代词和否定词。
教师2020短文改错2-2破解词法错误+Word版含答案
第二讲破解词法错误Step1 典题感悟·高考名题这样考考查角度1名词的单复数与不可数名词1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city.____________[解析]考查名词单复数的用法。
many different后跟可数名词的复数形式，故把city改为cities。
[答案]city→cities2．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Last winter when I went there again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.____________[解析]短语dozens of“许多”，后面接可数名词复数，此处应用chicken的复数形式。
[答案]chicken→chickens3．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room.____________[解析]all修饰可数名词sort，应用其复数形式sorts。
[答案]sort→sorts4．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)At that moment, I remembered that my father once said，“The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks, and mistake as well.”____________[解析]根据语境可知，此处表示“从课本和错误中学习”，mistake是可数名词，错误不止一个，因此用复数形式。
[答案]mistake→mistakes5．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.____________[解析]information为不可数名词，没有复数形式。
高考英语二轮复习专题五短文改错2句法错误课件
consulting people you trust. For one thing, they can give you valuable
advice buantd they may point out some things you may have overlooked. For another, friends may stop you from making big mistakes. When
解析：去掉 when。分析句子结构可知，notice 后接一个宾语从 句，从句的意思是完整的，所以要用 that 引导，故 when 是多余的， 应该去掉。
[示例2](2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant to that I live.
解析：that→where。考查宾语从句。此处表达的是“靠近我 所居住的地方”，故需将that改为where。where在此引导宾语从 句，并在从句中作地点状语。
答案：
When it comes to the TV, there will be different worwodrds in different people's minds. Some people think that
watcwathching TV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our
2．非谓语动词：主要考查动名词、分词以及动词不定式。错 误类型涉及多词、缺词和错词三种。
[示例1](2015·四川卷)We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.
解析：sing→singing。考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事，为固定用法。
高二英语短文改错(二)知识精讲
高二英语短文改错（二）【本讲主要内容】短文改错（二）【知识总结归纳】一. 代词的错误使用：代词的使用错误主要出现在代词（物主代词，人称代词，反身代词）在句中指代错误，做代词与指代的名词在数，性别，以及格上的不一致。
例题：1. I can’t forget the good food you cooked for I.介词for后面接宾语，代词在此应当是宾格形式。
I改为me2. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.句子的主语the Smiths指Smith全家，是复数形式，谓语do one’s best 中的one’s作为物主代词应当和主语一致，his应当改为their.3. At once I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.根据句子意思：我立刻道歉并且尽最大努力控制了自己。
Control后面的宾语与主语一致，指同一个人，应改为反身代词myself.4. There will be more people in the world and most of whom will live longer than people live now.本句是and 连接的并列句，whom 连接的是定语从句。
所以whom应当改为them. 5. It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited.全句都在说“我们”，（到达山脚下，都很兴奋）所以后半句them的指代出现了错误，应改为：us6. The sport teaches us the importance of obedience. Each player must obey the captain, who is the leader of the team. And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.全句是以第一人称叙述的。
高考英语二轮复习模块2语法知识专题2短文改错第2讲句法类错误
模块二 专题二 第2讲A假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10 处，多者(从11处起)不计分。
(2020·河北石家庄市高三一模)Nowadays more and more students attend different kind of training classes or hire tutors to improve their grades at weekends.Some of the students think that necessary to do so.Firstly, it ’s more effective to study under a teacher ’s help than by themselves.Secondly, students can make up for that they miss or fail to understand in class on weekdays.Besides, they can have more chances and time communicate with teachers.Therefore, others don ’’s worse, attend training classes means costing them much money.【答案】Nowadays more and more students attend different kind kindsof training classes orhire tutors to improve their grades at weekends.Some of the students think that itnecessary to do so.Firstly, it ’s more effectiveto study under witha teacher ’s help than by themselves.Secondly, students can make upfor that whatthey miss or fail to understand in class on weekdays.Besides, they can have more chances and time ∧tocommunicate with teachers.Therefore However， others don ’t think so.For one thing, the students can easily develop the habit of dependence, causing some students not to listen attentive attentivelyin their regular classes.For another, students needed need ’s worse, attend attendingtrainingclasses means costing them much money.【解析】本文是一篇议论文。
2018版高考英语二轮专题5 短文改错 考法2 句法错误
考法2| 句法错误错误1——连接词、从句引导词有误1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.they→that/which[things是先行词，后面是定语从句，they不能引导定语从句，故用that/which引导。
]2．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.where→that或去掉where[found后为宾语从句，引导词不作句子成分只起连接作用，应用that引导，而且that可省略。
]3．(2017·桂林市校际联考)Although we must have a fast step, but I don't think we should have fast food.去掉but[although或though和but不能同时放在同一个句子里。
] 4．(2017·西安市第八十三中学模拟)I was about to leave while the owner of the shop waved at me.while→when[考查句式be about to do sth. when ...意为“正要做某事，这时……”。
]5．(2017·赤峰市模拟)It's true what honesty is more important than money!what→that[it作形式主语，后面的句子为真正的主语，引导词在从句中无任何意义而且不作任何成分，故应用that。
2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错--非谓语动词【带答案】
第二讲非谓语动词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.For the whole afternoon they sang and danced happily without think about their schoolwork.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】without为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
故将think改为thinking。
2.Having something to do on the train,I couldn't help think about the scene of leaving and felt terribly sorry.【答案】.think→thinking【解析】couldn't help doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“情不自禁做某事”，故将think改为thinking。
3.With my eyes filling with tears,I came into Mr. Li's office.【答案】.filling→filled【解析】此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，fill与宾语eyes之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作宾补4.In regard to protect the environment,we have many things to do.【答案】.protect→protecting【解析】in regard to意为“关于……”，其中to是介词，其后接名词或动名词。
故将protect改为protecting5.Saw the 18 candles burning,I couldn't keep back my tears.【答案】.Saw→Seeing【解析】see在句中作状语，与主语之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
6.We finally realized it isn't easy to being a teacher .【答案】.being→be【解析】it is+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是……的”，it充当形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语，to后加动词原形7.I am interested in your culture and want know more about it.【答案】.在want后加to【解析】want to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”。
2-2-2--高考英语--第二讲 短文改错
栏目 导航
母题探究 题组集训 限时训练
新课标高考第二轮总复习•英语
Ⅰ.单句改错 1．(2019·高考全国新课标卷Ⅱ)They were two reasons for the decision. 【解题步骤】 ①分析句子结构→考查There be结构→联想There be结构的用法。 ②尝试解答： They→There
上一页
返回导航
下一页
新课标高考第二轮总复习•英语
16．Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century while his musical gift was fully recognized. _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】while→that
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้上一页
返回导航
下一页
新课标高考第二轮总复习•英语
□ __点石成金__ 特殊句式、主谓一致和there be 误用的几个方面： 1．不要把定语从句或状语从句与强调句型混淆。强调句型的判断方法是：去掉It is/was和that/who后，句子结构依然完整，否则就不是强调句型。 2. 不要把全部倒装误用作部分倒装。当表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语 置于句首时，句子用全部倒装。
上一页
返回导航
下一页
新课标高考第二轮总复习•英语
Ⅰ.单句改错 1．(2019·河南郑州市高三第一次质量预测)Among them the west lake is the best-known attraction, where water seem to melt into the sky in the distance. _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】seem→seems
(新课标)高考英语二轮总复习 第二讲 短文改错 题型二 句法错误和行文逻辑错误 2.2.2 特殊句式
2.2.2 特殊句式〔主谓一致there be 句型等〕A2019·河北省九校高三联考试题Hi Linda, it's Li Hua. Congratulations on your pass all the exams successfully. Our whole class are delighted you made great progress in your several year of study in China. We are proud of you and we both appreciate your help for our English. It's a pity that you have to go back soon, but a farewell party for you will be holding in the Sun Club at 6：00 p ．m. this Saturday. We sincere hope you will come and I'm sure we will have a better time together. By the way, you may take Bus No. 332 in the front of your house, which will take you directly to the club.答案：Hi Linda, it's Li Hua. Congratulations on your pass passingall the exams successfully. Our whole class are delighted you ∧have made great progress in yourseveral year years of study in China. We are proud of you and we both allappreciate your help for with our English. It's a pity that you have to go back soon, but soa farewell party for you will be holding heldin the Sun Club at 6：00 p ．m. this Saturday. We sincere sincerely hope you will come and I'm sure we will have a better goodtime together. By the way, you may take Bus No. 332 inthe ＼ front of your house, which will take you directly to the club.B黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市五校联谊2018届高三上学期期末联考英语High school is regarded as best time of my life. Beside classes and homework, there's something more that I especial treasure. To leave school without regrets, I'll make the best of my limiting time to go over the lessons I've learned from. At the same time, I'd like to show my thanks to all the teacher who have given meso many help in the past three years. For the purpose of improving me, I'll ask my classmates for some advice, that may be of great value to me. Last but not least, doing some good deeds for my classmates are also my plan. With these things being done, I will have no regrets in my high school life.答案：High school is regarded as ∧the best time of my life. Beside Besidesclasses and homework, there's something more that I especial especiallytreasure. To leave school without regrets, I'll make the best of my limiting limitedtime to go over the lessons I've learned from ＼. At the same time, I'd like to show my thanks to all the teacher teacherswho have given me so many muchhelp in the past three years. For the purpose of improving me myself ， I'll ask my classmates for some advice, that whichmay be of great value to me. Last but not least, doing some good deeds for my classmates are isalso my plan. With these things being done, I will have no regrets in my high school life.CAttention, swimmer! Please listen carefully to the followed information. All guests must sign out and leave a photo ID at the front desk. It is required which all swimmers should shower with soap before entering the pool. In addition to, all swimmers must wear proper bathing suits. If our staffs determined that your clothes are not appropriate, you will be forbidden to enter the pool. If you are sick and have signs of illness, don't use the pool. Please remind your children to use the bathroom. If they ha ve “accidents〞， report them to the gym staff immediate. Children under 10 years old must be accompanied by a adult at all times. Remind children that spitting not allowed.答案：Attention, swimmer swimmers ！ Please listen carefully to the followed followinginformation.All guests must sign out inand leave a photo ID at the front desk. It is required which thatall swimmers should shower with soap before entering the pool. In addition to ＼， all swimmers must wear proper bathing suits. If our staffs determined determinethat your clothes are not appropriate, you will be forbidden to enter the pool. If you aresick and orhave signs of illness, don't use the pool. Please remind your children to use the bathroom. If they have “accidents 〞， report them to the gym staff immediate immediately . Children under 10 years old must be accompanied by a anadult at all times. Remind children that spitting ∧is not allowed.DA few years before, my family went to a seafood festival in Florida.The food was delicious, the weather was lovely, but the boat ride was great. The last thing was to go on helicopter ride. My little sister was so young to go by herself, so I volunteered to accompany with her on the ride. When I got into the helicopter ，I attempt to close the door. Airplanes have doors. So do a helicopter.Wrong! The pilot told me that there was no door as they went skywards 100,000 feet into the air. I had never been more frightening in my life. It's a good thing which the ride lasted for only 15 minutes. No more air rides for me, I swear!答案：A few years before ago， my family went to a seafood festival in Florida.The food was delicious, the weather was lovely, but andthe boat ride was great. The last thing was to go on ∧a helicopter ride. My little sister was so tooyoung to go by herself, so I volunteered to accompany with ＼ her on the ride. When I got into the helicopter ，I attempt attempted to close the door. Airplanes have doors. So do doesa helicopter.Wrong! The pilot told me that there was no door as they wewent skywards 100,000 feet intothe air. I had never been more frightening frightened in my life. It's a good thing which thatthe ride lasted for only 15 minutes. No more air rides for me, I swear!。
2-1-3--高考英语--第二讲 短文改错
上一页
返回导航
下一页
新课标高考第二轮总复习•英语
(4)不定代词或反身代词的误用。 (5)代词的多余。 主要是定语从句中的代词的多余。在定语从句中如果引导词在从句中作宾语，这 个时候就不能再用it或者them 等作宾语。
上一页
返回导航
下一页
新课标高考第二轮总复习•英语
应考策略 1．顺藤摸瓜联系上下文，理清短文中代词的指代关系。 2．系统掌握it的各种用法。 ①it可指代上文提到过的内容或事物。 ②it可作形式主语或形式宾语，用来指代不定式、动词-ing形式或从句，而把真正 的主语或宾语后置。
上一页
返回导航
下一页
新课标高考第二轮总复习•英语
8．(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ)The classroom is a place for learning and that includes
learning from textbooks, and mistake as well. _____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】mistake→mistakes 9．(2017·高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turn left！”
上一页
返回导航
下一页
新课标高考第二轮总复习•英语
代词的错用、缺失和多余一般包括下面五个方面 (1)前后代词指代不一致。 代词主要是用来代替其他实义词或者上下文中提到过的内容，因此代词应该与其 指代的对象相符，否则会出现代词指代错误。
上一页
短文改错之句法错误2
短文改错之句法错误2一.并列连词或从句的连接词并列连词考查主要涉及行文逻辑。
短文改错对并列连词的考查主要涉及and, but, or, so等几个表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系的词语。
严格来说这类错误主要属于行文逻辑错误。
而对从句的连接词的考查主要涉及名词性从句和状语从句中连词的误用，定语从句中关系代词和关系副词误用等。
考点1关联词使用不正确1. After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.2. There the air is clean or the mountains are green.3. We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.4. We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents.5. If you notice that someone is missing and hurt, tell your teacher immediately.考点2多余或缺少连词1．Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.2. He had a deep voice，which set him apart from others in our small town，he was strong and powerful.考点3介词与连词混用In fact，he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with方法归纳对于连词的考查，注意首先判断两个或两个以上的单词、短语或单句之间是否有连接词，再根据不同的句式结构，判断连接词是否运用正确。
第2讲 快速攻克八类词法错误 高考英语二轮复习 短文改错专项精准讲练讲义
高考英语二轮复习短文改错专项讲练第二讲快速攻克八类词法错误◎1. 谓语动词错误1. 1. 识别时态是否一致：检查每一个谓语从此时态与上下文及该句时间状语是否一致；检查助动词have/has/had等助动词后面的动词形式是否一致。
1. (2021年全国甲卷)Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others. They kept very much to themselves.2.（2020·新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.2. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷) It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin.3. (2017年全国Ⅲ卷) Besides, they often get some useful information from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!2. 判断平行或并列结构是否一致:平行或并列结构中，动词的形式通常一致。
关键一定要辨别清楚and, or等词后的动词与前面那个动词并列。
1.(2021年全国乙卷) I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.2.（2020年新课标I卷）I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.3. (2017年全国Ⅲ卷) About one month later after his photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club.4. (2015年全国Ⅲ卷) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.3. 留心语态错误：构成被动语态的过去分词是否写成了过去式、现在分词；被动语态的句子缺了be或主动语态句子多了be。
高考英语轮总复习 短文改错 题型 句法错误和行文逻辑错误 2.
定额市鞍钢阳光实验学校2.2.1 连词（并列连词和从句引导词）A2019·高三第一学期期末试题There is a tradition in my family. On New Year's Eve, all my relative will come to our house for a feast. As matter of fact, it isn't the food that bring us together but the sense of belonging does. Making dumplings was always fun. We put a coin into one of the dumplings. Everybody expects to eat the one with the corn inside because it is said whomever gets the coin will have good fortune in the followed year. When my mom serves the dumplings, they help ourselves immediately, hoping to get the good luck of our entirely year. The coin never comes to me, and I'm pretty sure of that the luck is always there.答案：There is a tradition in my family. On New Year's Eve, all my relative relativeswill come to our house for a feast. As ∧a matter of fact, it isn't the food thatbringbringsus together but the sense of belonging does. Making dumplingswasisalways fun. We put a coin into one of the dumplings. Everybody expects to eat the one with the corn inside because it is saidwhomeverwhoevergets the coin will have good fortune in thefollowedfollowingyear. When my mom serves the dumplings,theywehelp ourselves immediately, hoping to get the good luck of ourentirelyentireyear. The coin never comes to me,andbutI'm pretty sure of＼ that the luck is always there.BGood morning, everyone. I'd like to share my ideas about books in the future to you.I think the books will be quite different from that they are now. First of all, they will look like the pads today, but their sizes will be changeable, too. Secondly, their colors will change depend on how the surroundings change, which will be good for eye. What's more, they will be very much more practical. For example, if you met a question whenreading, you can immediate get an answer by “talking” with the book. In word, I think books in the future will be more useful and interested.That's all. Thank you!答案：Good morning, everyone. I'd like to share my ideas about books inthe futuretowithyou.I think the books will be quite different from thatwhatthey are now.First of all, they will look like the pads today, butandtheir sizes willbe changeable, too. Secondly, their colors will changedepend dependingon howthe surroundings change, which will be good for eyeeyes. What's more, theywill be very＼ much more practical. For example, if you metmeeta questionwhen reading, you canimmediateimmediatelyget an answer by “talking” with thebook. In ∧a word, I think books in the future will be more useful andinterested interesting .That's all. Thank you!CRecently, our class have had a heated discussion concerning thatwhether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of myclassmates approved of the moving. They say large crowds of tourist tothe zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that once moving,animals will have more space and good living conditions in the suburbs.Therefore, other students against the idea. They say that the zoo hasthe history of 100 years, and is famous at home or abroad. Moreover,moving may cause the dead of some animals. So, it's a better choice toremain where it is.答案：Recently, our class have had a heated discussion concerning that＼whether the Beijing Zoo should be moved out of the city. Some of myclassmatesapprovedapproveof the moving. They say large crowds oftouristtouriststothe zoo will result in traffic jams. They also say that oncemovingmoved，animals will have more space andgoodbetterliving conditions in the suburbs.Therefore However ， other students ∧are against the idea. They say that the zoo has the a history of 100 years, and is famous at home or andabroad. Moreover,moving may cause the dead death of some animals. So, it's a better choice to remain where it is. DLast term, a newspaper reading course was start by our English teacher. He ask me to explain one article in the newspaper.The preparation seemed difficult than I had thought. As there were many names of people and place in the article, so I needed to look themup in the dictionary. Understand long sentences was another problem. When I read and found them hardly, I asked my English teacher for help, and finally understood a whole article.When my turn came, I confidently stood on the platform and explained it quite good. The course benefited him a lot. 答案：Last term, a newspaper reading course was startstartedby our Englishteacher. He ask asked me to explain one article in the newspaper. The preparation seemed ∧moredifficult than I had thought. As there were many names of people and placeplacesin the article, so ＼ I needed to lookthem up in the dictionary. UnderstandUnderstanding long sentences was anotherproblem. When I read and found them hardlyhard ， I asked my English teacherfor help, and finally understood athewhole article.When my turn came, I confidently stood on the platform and explainedit quite good well . The course benefited himme a lot.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
第二讲句法类错误考点1主谓一致误用[典例1](2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as well.[考场思维](1)根据and之前的is，可判断include的时态。
(2)找出include的主语：that。
(3)尝试解答：include→includes[典例2](浙江卷)He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us.[考场思维](1)主谓判断：主语是we；谓语动词应该使用复数。
(2)尝试解答：was→were[过关检测]1．She took the lift to the eleventh floor, and the secretary showed her where her desk and her computer was.was→were 2．(2019·长春外国语学校第二次质量检测)You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.know→knows 3．(2019·甘肃兰州一中高三月考)Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.learn→learns 4．My village lie in the mountains in southwest China.lie→lies 5．I, together with him, were going to do just what we had discussed.were→was 6．Selling newspapers not only makes some money but also give us some working experience during the summer vacation.give→gives [技法点金]1．判断主谓语是关键①可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。
②动词-ing形式、不定式或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
注意：名词性从句表示复数概念时，谓语动词应用复数。
③就近原则常见的有：either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., there be等。
④就远原则常见的有：together with，as well as，but，except等。
⑤在倒装句中要找出句子的主语从而判断谓语动词的单复数。
⑥定语从句中的谓语动词要与定语从句所修饰的先行词保持一致。
2．附加成分是难点对于分隔现象，可利用“减一减”原则：先从整体上把握主干，再去掉句子中的插入语、附加成分等分隔干扰部分，使结构简化。
考点2从句误用[典例1](2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.[考场思维](1)结构分析：先行词是the historical environment，定语从句中缺少主语，故用that或which。
what可以引导宾语从句、表语从句等，但不可以引导定语从句。
(2)尝试解答：what→that/which[典例2](2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was afraid that to speak in front of a large group of people.[考场思维](1)结构分析：从句式看，afraid后不是宾语从句；afraid后的动词不定式是原因状语。
(2)尝试解答：去掉afraid后的that[过关检测]1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They also had a small pond which they raised fish.which→where或在which前加in 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.that→which 3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Around me in this/the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.they→that/which 4．(四川卷)The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.what→that/which或去掉what 5．(全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.that→where 6．(全国卷Ⅱ)My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.how→what7．(2019·湖北四地七校二月联考)Can you understand that the teachers say in class and communicate freely with your classmates now？that→what 8．(2019·山西五地市高三联考)When we arrived at the park, we were amazed at that we saw.that→what [技法点金]1．关注定语从句中只用which不用that的情况①引导非限制性定语从句时。
The building, which attracts many visitors, is designed by my father.②位于介词后面时。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which they live.2．明辨关系代词和关系副词误用引导词用关系代词还是关系副词关键还是看先行词在从句中作的成分。
若引导词作状语，则使用关系副词(when代指时间，where代指地点，why代指原因)；若引导词作主语、宾语、定语等成分，则使用关系代词。
3．理清that/which和whose的误用that/which在定语从句中作主语、宾语等成分，而whose在从句中作定语，表示“……的”。
4．牢记that与what引导名词性从句的区别that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略；what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。
Test 1Most people expect their birthdays because of the presents they receive them.I have been getting my birthday presents but none of which have been remarkable so far.My parents always give me books which is fine but ordinary.Then, on my seventeen birthday, I got the best present ever.There was a white envelope.I opened it and find a key and a note.“Happy birthday, my dear nephew！”was written on hand.It was from his Aunt Jess.I looked at the key more closely but I realized it was a car key.This was best present.I became the owner of my own car thanks to my generously aunt.Most people expect their birthdays because of the presents they receive ①them＼.I havebeen getting my birthday presents but none ofwhich②themhave been remarkable so far.My parentsalways give me books whichis③arefine but ordinary.Then, on myseventeen④seventeenthbirthday, I gotthe best present ever.There was a white envelope.I opened it andfind⑤founda key and a note.“Happy birthday, my dear nephew！” was writtenon⑥byhand.It was fromhis⑦myAunt Jess.Ilooked at the key more closelybut⑧andI realized it was a car key.This was∧⑨thebest present.Ibecame the owner of my own car thanks to my generously⑩generousaunt.①删除them。
解析：考查定语从句。
they receive是一个省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词the presents, 关系词在从句中作receive的宾语，所以them多余。
②which→them。
解析：考查代词。