高中英语虚拟语气(绝对全)
(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结
（完整版）英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气，用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。
虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。
一、虚拟语气的用法：1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止：- 主语+动词原形+宾语（动词原形要用动词底形、如be）；- 主语+动词原形+that从句（用于表达建议、命令、禁止，动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词）。
例句：- It is important that he be present at the meeting.（建议）- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.（建议）- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.（命令）2.表达愿望、请求、要求：-主语+动词过去式；- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形；- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。
例句：- I wish I could fly.（愿望）- I would appreciate it if you could help me.（请求）3.表示虚拟条件：- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词；- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时，主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。
例句：- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.（虚拟条件）- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.（虚拟条件）4.表达建议、要求、祝愿：- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。
高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳
高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。
一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句：If + 主语 + 动词过去式（be 动词用 were）主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：If I were you, I would study harder. （如果我是你，我会更努力学习。
）Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? （如果我们想要什么就有什么，生活岂不是很无聊？）2. 与过去事实相反条件从句：If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句：If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. （如果我知道你的电话号码，我就给你打电话了。
）Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? （如果你再努力些，难道不能做得更好吗？）3. 与将来事实相反条件从句：① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句：主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句：If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. （如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
）If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. （如果她明天来这儿，我会非常高兴。
）If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!（要是他考试不及格，他父母该多失望啊！）二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反：从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反：从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反：从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句：I wish I were as tall as you. （我希望我和你一样高。
（完整版）高中虚拟语气用法详解
（完整版）⾼中虚拟语⽓⽤法详解⼀、什么是虚拟语⽓虚拟语⽓是⼀种动词形式，表⽰说话⼈的⼀种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语⽓所表⽰的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话，我就会带⾛他们。
(不可能是你，所以这是不存在的事实，所以⽤虚拟语⽓)If I had met Tom, I could have told him. 如果我碰见了Tom ，我就告诉他了。
If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个⼩组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好像他去过那⼉。
⼆、虚拟语⽓的⽤法虚拟语⽓在⼀般⽤于简单句，宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，壮语从句以及同位于从句。
(下⾯我们分别看⼀下)1) 虚拟语⽓⽤在简单句中，表⽰祝愿，命令，它的谓语动词就是原形。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out ！你出去！2) 虚拟语⽓⽤在宾语从句中。
在suggest, advise, propose, insist, demand, desire, request, require, decide, order, command 等动词后的宾语从句中，要⽤虚拟语⽓，表⽰建议、要求、决定或命令等，其谓语动词形式为should+ 动词原形，其中should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
(word完整版)高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结,推荐文档
①错综时间条件句：当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。
如：If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.②i f省略句在条件句中可以省略if,把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
如:If I were at school again, I would study harder. T Were I at school aga in, I would study harder.如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。
If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus.T Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus.如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climb ing.T Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。
③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。
如：What would you do with a million dollars ? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？We couldn 't have finished the work ahead of time without your help . （=if we hadn 'tgot your help）没有你的帮助，我们不可能提前完成这项工作。
高中虚拟语气用法解析
高中虚拟语气用法解析（完整版）一．虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用非真实条件句：if引导的条件状语从句，但是实现该条件的可能性极小或不可能实现1.表示与过去事实相反Eg.If my car had been more reliable,I would have driven to my office.2.表示与现在事实相反Eg.In fact,it is certain that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.3.表示与将来事实相反Eg.If you succeed,everything would be all right.Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she were to live there,she wouldn't be able to see her parents.4.注意事项(1)W as不可以替代were，虚拟语气中，从句中be动词只有were(2)错综时间条件句：条件句的行为和主句行为发生的时间不一致，动词的形式按照主句和从句各自的时间调整。
Eg.If he had listened to me, he would not be in such trouble now. If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better.(3)虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有were/ should /had 时，if可省略，而将were/ should /had 置于主语前面Eg.What would have happened had Bob walked farther as far as the river bank?Should he agree to go there, we should send him there. Were it Sunday tomorrow, we should go to the great wall.两个固定搭配：①Were it not for 要不是...就②Had it not been for 要不是...就If it were not for （Were it not for）the bad weather now, we would go to the park to fly kites.If it had not been for（Had it not been for） the bad weather yesterday, we would have gone to the park to fly kites. （4）含蓄虚拟条件句：有时假设的情况不是以if条件句来表示。
(完整版)虚拟语气(表格整理)
虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）1.if（条件状语从句）2.wish（宾语从句）/if only(要是……就好了）3.would rather+ 从句（表示宁愿某人在现在或将来要做某事或过去做过某事）4.as if/as though,even if/though + 从句--------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.在表示“坚持、要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后的宾语从句中，用“（should）+动词原形”。
6.虚拟语气用于主语从句7.虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句 [用（should)+动词原形]8.虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在It is (high) time (that)...句型中，定语从句的谓语动词用过去式或should + 动词原形（should不能省略，be用were来表示），意【好题珍藏】1.Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often. （Pano M6 P16:15) A.lives B.would live C.has lived D.were to live【解析】主句说明了客观事实，if从句是对将来事实的假设。
见“1.if（条件状语从句）——与将来事实相反”。
【答案】D2.If Mr.Dewey present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. （Pano M6 P16:16) A.were B.had been C.should be D.was【解析】见“1.if（条件状语从句）——与过去事实相反”。
高中英语语法课件-虚拟语气(全)(共55张PPT)详解
实战练习 5
2001年1月大学英语四级题目： Some women a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A. must make B. should have made C. would make D. could have made
解题思路
这是一道错综时间虚拟条件句。 在本句中，从句是对过去发生的事情进 行假设，主句是对现在情况的假设。 译文：当你掉下来时，如果不是我在梯 子下面把你接住，恐怕你现在就不会笑 了。选A
实战练习 2
If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you ___ well now. A. are B. had been C. would be D. were 正确答案: C
祈使语气主要用于祈使句。 e.g. Get out of here! 虚拟语气
II. 什么是虚拟语气？
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示说话人 所说的话不是事实，而是想象、假设、建议、 打算、意见、愿望、怀疑、推测、喜悦等等。 e.g. If we had met her last night, we would have told her what had happened. 如果我们昨晚见到她，我们就会告诉她发生了 什么事。 （实际上，我们并没有见到她，也没有告诉她 所发生的事。）
注意！！！
如果条件从句是否定式，倒装时只能把 not 放在主语之后，不能用缩写式把not 放在主语之前。 e.g. Had you not told me about the matter, I should never have known the whole thing. (不能说：Hadn’t you told me…)
英语语法—虚拟语气(最全)
虚拟语气1.虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气把动作当作一种只存在于讲话人想象中的“假设”或“推测”，而不是当作客观现实中的真实事件。
它表达的是建议、不满、怀疑、忧虑、推测、假设、想象、祝愿等。
2.虚拟语气用于非真实条件句英语中的条件句有两种：真实条件句和非真实条件句。
真实条件句实现的可能性非常大，常用if, unless, as long as, so long as, once等引导，谓语动词常用陈述语气；非真实条件句常表示不能实现或纯假象的情况，谓语动词要用虚拟语气。
非真实条件句包括虚拟条件句、推测条件句、错综时间条件句。
①虚拟条件句、推测条件句虚拟条件句可分为两类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况，一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况。
另外，还有一类用于推测将来的情况，也称作推测条件句。
从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生一种不可能获得的结果。
句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有3种不同的形式：I would lend him the money if he asked me.他要是问我，我愿意借钱给他。
(意愿)If he had time, he should do it.要是有时间，他愿意做那件事。
(意愿)He could move the big stone if he should try.努力的话，他能搬动那块大石头。
(能力)If he forgot to come, you could go instead.他要是忘了没来，你可要替他来。
(许诺)A.与现在事实相反If I had enough money, I would buy a computer.如果我有足够的钱，我将买一台电脑。
(实际上没有) Were I you I would refuse.如果我是你我会拒绝。
(我不是你)注：从句有时可用If it were not for这种句型，表示“若不是……”。
It it weren’t for your help, we would be in serious trouble.若不是你帮忙，我们会遇到大麻烦。
高中英语语法虚拟语气
If I _____ you, I ______ do that.
A was, wouldn’t
B
B were, wouldn’t
C am , won’t D were, won’t
1
2
II 表示将来情况的虚拟语气
从句
主句
did/ wห้องสมุดไป่ตู้re
would
should +do
could + 动词原形
were to do
A were, would B were, will
C is, would
D is , will
2 If I ___A__ a bee, I _____ work much harder.
A were, would B were, shall
C had, will
D have, should
3 If I ___B_ much money, I ____ buy a house.
C were, would prevent
D were, would have prevented
3 I ______ if she ______ me.
A would have overslept , didn’t call
B would have overslept, hadn’t called C oversBlept, hadn't called
should
might
1 If it didn’t snow tomorrow, I would go with you.
2 If I should go to Beijing University two years later,
(完整版)高中虚拟语气用法详解
一、什么是虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。
If I were you, I'd take them away. 如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。
（不可能是你，所以这是不存在的事实，所以用虚拟语气）If I had met Tom, I could have told him. 如果我碰见了Tom，我就告诉他了。
If I had time, I could come to help you. 如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。
He suggested that our class should be divided into five groups. 他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。
He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好像他去过那儿。
二、虚拟语气的用法虚拟语气在一般用于简单句，宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，壮语从句以及同位于从句。
（下面我们分别看一下）1) 虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令，它的谓语动词就是原形。
May you be happy. 祝你幸福。
May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。
Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！You go out！你出去！2) 虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。
在suggest, advise, propose, insist, demand, desire, request, require, decide, order, command等动词后的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，表示建议、要求、决定或命令等，其谓语动词形式为should+动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限。
完整版)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解
完整版)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解High School English Grammar Lesson - The Subjunctive Mood1.n and Types of Mood1) n of MoodMood is a form of the verb that shows the XXX.2) Types of MoodA。
Indicative MoodIndicates that the n or state is real。
certain。
or XXX declarative sentences。
interrogative sentences。
XXX.We are not ready.Did it rain all day yesterday?What a fine day today!B。
Imperative MoodXXX。
request。
XXX。
XXX。
etc.Be careful.XXX to close the window.Open the door。
please.C。
Subjunctive MoodExpresses the speaker's subjective wishes。
ns。
or ns。
where the n or state is not an objective fact.2.XXXBefore learning the use of the XXX。
we must first XXX: real XXX)。
Real XXX happen。
and both the nal clause and the main clause use the XXX:If it doesn't rain tomorrow。
I will go for a ic.Oil floats if you pour it on water.XXX。
and both the nal clause and the main clause must use the subjunctive mood.XXX Clauseshould / would/could/might + base form of verbshould / would/could/might + have + past participleContrary to present fact past tense (use "were" for "be")XXX past participle1) should + base form of verbshould / would/could/might + base form of verbXXX XXX fact2) were + to-infinitive3) past tense (use "were" for "be")1.XXX to present fact。
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结虚拟语气通常用于表达与现实相反的假设情况。
在非真实条件句中，虚拟语气的形式有两种：与现在事实相反的假设和与过去或将来事实相反的假设。
与现在事实相反的假设通常使用if+主语+助动词的过去式（如were。
did。
had）+动词原形，主句则使用XXX动词原形。
例如：If I had time。
I would XXX。
如果我有时间，我会参加会议。
与过去或将来事实相反的假设则有三种形式：①if+主语+动词过去式；②if+主语+wereto+动词原形；③if+主语+should+动词原形（注意不能是would）。
主句同样使用XXX动词原形。
例如：If you had taken my advice。
you would not have failed in the exam。
如果你听了我的建议，你就不会在考试中失败了。
在错综时间条件句中，动词形式要根据表示时间的状语从句作出相应的调整。
另外，在条件句中可以省略if，把were、had、should提到句首，变成倒装句式。
例如：Were I at school again。
I would study harder。
如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力研究。
Had you arrived earlier。
you would have caught the bus.If it rains tomorrow。
XXX climbing.What would you do with a n dollars?We couldn't have finished the work ahead of time without your help.Otherwise。
I would have taken part in the sports meeting.XXX me of your birthday。
or else I would have known nothing about it.A man who s drinking water would be dead in about seven days.I might have been XXX assistance。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的种类与用法
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的种类与用法虚拟语气是英语中常见的一种语法现象，用于表示与事实相反、假设或建议等非真实情况。
在高中英语学习中，掌握虚拟语气的种类与用法对于提高语言表达能力至关重要。
本文将归纳总结高中英语中常见的虚拟语气种类及其用法。
一、虚拟语气的种类1. 与过去事实相反的虚拟该类虚拟语气用于表达对过去事实的否定、怀疑或假设，通常由“should/ought to + have + 过去分词”构成。
例如：He should have come to the party last night.（他本应该昨晚来参加派对的）I wish I had studied harder for the exam.（我希望我当时更努力地学习）2. 与现在事实相反的虚拟该类虚拟语气用于表达对现在事实的否定、怀疑或假设，通常由“动词原形＋宾语＋过去式”构成。
例如：If I were you, I would apologize.（如果我是你，我会道歉）She wishes she had more time for hobbies.（她希望她有更多的时间去爱好）3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟该类虚拟语气用于表达对将来事实的否定、怀疑或假设，通常由“should/shall/would + 动词原形”构成。
例如：If it should rain tomorrow, we would have to cancel the picnic.（如果明天下雨的话，我们将不得不取消野餐）I would help you if I had the time.（如果我有时间的话，我会帮助你的）4. 与现在事实相反的虚拟假设该类虚拟语气用于表达对现在事实的否定、怀疑或假设，通常由“were/shou ld + 动词原形”构成，用于表示与现在事实相反的情况。
例如：If I were you, I would quit that job.（如果我是你，我会辞职的）It is high time that he should start studying.（早该是他开始学习的时候了）二、虚拟语气的用法1. 表示假设和建议虚拟语气常用于表示假设和建议，帮助我们在语言表达中更加灵活地运用条件句和建议句。
（完整版）高中英语虚拟语气练习题（附答案）
（完整版）高中英语虚拟语气练习题（附答案）高中英语虚拟语气练习题二．选择题C1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. should lieb2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had hadd3. You did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tiredA. drove; didn’t getB. drove; wouldn’t getC. were driving; wouldn’t getD. had driven ; would n’t have gotb4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Willc5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prisonA. refersB. referringC. referredD. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had been broken7. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with himA. on him to go; should beB. he went; beC. he go; wasD. he should to; is8. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than todayA. tellsB. toldC. would tellD. had told9. ---Would you have called her up had it been possible---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homeworkA. wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be10. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meetA. would have taken part inB. took part inC. had taken part inD. would take part in11. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been forB. If it were notC. If it had not been forD. Were it not for12. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday, he ____ me from goingA. had been, would have preventedB. had been, would preventC. were, preventD. were, would have prevented13. ____hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to workB. Had he workedC. Should he workD. Were he to work14. ____today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leaveB. If he had leftC. Did he to leaveD. Had he left15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right nowA. areB. wereC. would beD. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brotherA. has comeB. did comeC. comeD. had come17. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment.A. was, had helpedB. was, would have helpedC. had been, would have helpedD. were, would have helped18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climbB. were not, could climbC. had not been, could have climbedD. hadn’t been, could climb19. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult todayA. isB. will beC. would have beenD. would be20. ---I am going to tell her the news---I would as soon you _____her about itA. didn’t tellB. don’t tellC. hadn’t tellD. won’t tell21. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____homeA. stayedB. could stayC. has stayedD. stay22. It was requested that the play ____againA. should put onB. would put onC. be put onD. put on23. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediatelyA. had sent forB. sendC. be sent forD. was sent24. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness----Yes, but ____itA. I’d rather not doB. I’d rather not have doneC. I should’ t doD. I’d better not do25. If only I ___my carA. hadn’t lostB. wouldn’t loseC. didn’t loseD. haven’t lost26. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earthA. isB. wouldC. wereD. wouldn’t be27. I would rather you ____anything about it for the time beingA. doB. didn’t doC. don’tD. didn’t28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ____ their own sonA. isB. wereC. had beenD. should be29. How the old people wish that they ____young once moreA. wereB. could becomeC. had beenD. should be30. It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss this problemA. holdB. heldC. have heldD. had held31. The thief closed his eyes ____ he ____dyingA. even if , wasB. though, would beC. even, had beenD. as if, were32. I wish that you ____ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concertA. had notB. did not have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have33. The chairman insisted that we ____the question againA. will discussB. to discussC. should discussD. will be discussed34. He requested that the students ____them get in cropsA. helpB. to helpC. helpedD. helping35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____the rulesA. obeysB. ObeyC. will obeyD. would obey36. I wish I ____here thenA. wasB. had beenC. wereD. would be37. It is strange that he ____back so earlyA. cameB. will comeC. had comeD. should have come38. Mother suggested that I ___my homework first before watching TVA. didB. doC. shall doD. have done39. My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest SundayA. be putB. putC. should putD. had been put40. He is talking so much about America as if he ____ thereA. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. been41. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before elevenA. must finishB. would be finishedC. be finishedD. must be finished42. ---Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to……----Don’t call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and ____ you forget it!A. doB. didn’tC. didD. don’t43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I ____ but I ____ all this morningA. would, have washedB. could, have been washingC. would have, have been washingD. could have, had washing44. How I wish I ____ to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had triedB. hadn’t triedC. have triedD. didn’t try45. ----How could I thank you enough?----Don’t mention it. Any other man ____itA. must doB. could doC. would have doneD. should have done46. Key European governments insist Iraq’s co-operation ____ good and military action______ to allow inspections to continueA. be, be delayedB. is, delayC. should be, be delayedD. is , be delayed47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, ____more deathsA. it would have beenB. it would beC. there would beD. there would have been48. What the customers_____ from the company is that the goods ____ right to their homes.A. requested, deliverB. demand, be deliveredC. request, should deliverD. demand, delivered49. If law-breakers _____ the society will be in disorderA. made unpunishedB. came unpunishedC. went unpunishedD. not punished50. We took a taxi to the airport. Otherwise we ____lateA. would beB. wereC. will beD. would have been51. Supposing he never ____, what would happen thenA. comeB. cameC. would comeD. will come52. What do you think his proposal that we ____ a play at the English meetingA. had put onB. should put onC. have put onD. will put on53. I hope that you ____ rightA. will beB. should beC. wereD. would be54. As you know, I am a disabled man, but I would be happy if I ___of service to youA. amB. have beenC. should beD. would be55. He insisted that we ____early the next morningA. startB. startedC. would startD. had started56. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brotherA. has comeB. did comeC. had comeD. came57. We ____last night, but we went to the cinema insteadA. must have studiedB. might studyC. would studyD. would have studied58. If it _____the snow, we _____the Simian Mountain last weekA. were not, could have climbedB. were not, could climbC. had not been , could have climbedD. had not been, could climb答案C BD B C C C B A A D A B A C D B C D AD C C B A C B B A B D C C A B B D B A AC D C B C D D B C D B B A A A C D CWelcome to Chunxiao Online Classes虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用【经典例题】1. If my lawyer _______ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented2. If I had worn my overcoat, I _______cold.A. won’t have caught B .couldn’t have caughtC. won’t catchD. wouldn’t catch3.—If he ______ , he ______ that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken4. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _______, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had come【答案与解析】1．A．本题考查虚拟语气。
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If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望、假设或建议等。
虚拟语气的重点是：虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气和表示愿望的虚拟形式等。
(一)虚拟语气的常见句型●与现在事实相反的虚拟语气与现在相反的虚拟语气的结构为：条件句动词为were或动词的过去式，主句为would/should/could/might+动词原形了。
If you had taken my advice，you wouldn't (couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你按●与过去事实相反的虚拟语气与过去相反的虚拟语气的结构为：从句用had+过去分词，主句用would/should/could/might+have done照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。
●与将来事实相反的虚拟语气If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should (would，could，might) go to see my grandmother. 与将来相反的虚拟语气的结构为：从句谓语动词为动词过去式或“should+动词原形”或“were to+动词原形”，主句为would/could/might +动词原形如果明天是星期天，我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。
If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。
●省略if形式的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致（表示错综时间的虚拟语气），省略连词if。
在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
例如:Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up. 他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。
Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it. 我要是你，就不做这事。
混合虚拟语气这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。
例如:If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。
(从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在)I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气：A用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式(be动词用were)。
B用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would,could,might+动词原形。
C wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could,would+have+动词过去分词。
(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
(3)would(had)rather,would as soon,would sooner和wouldprefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。
例如：I'd rather you posted the letter right away.我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。
I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿呆得太久。
advisable合理的decided决定的crucial关键的appropriate恰当的determined决定的(4)It's (high,about) time that句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。
例如：It's very late.It's time we had to go.天太晚了，我们得走了。
(二)特殊形式的虚拟语气(1)should(可省略)+动词原形用于如下结构中的that从句中。
A用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，例如：He ordered that parking be prohibited on Main street during the rush hour.他下令在(交通)高峰期间禁止在大街上停车。
Tom insisted that his Leadership be recognized by all the boys.汤姆坚持让所有男孩接受他的领导。
这类动词还有：ask要求advise建议arrange安排beg请求command命令decide决定demand要求desire 渴望determine决定insist坚持intend打算maintain坚持，主张move建议，动员propose 提议object反对order命令prefer建议require需要request要求resolve下决心recommend 推荐suggest建议stipulate约定，规定urge强调，促进vote公认，提议decree颁布(法令) pray请求B用于It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，例如：It is appropriate that some time be devoted to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission.拿出时间对阿波罗登月计划的结果做详细研究是恰当的。
This is their resolution that extra curriculum activities be made part of their school life.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。
这类形容词或分词有：commanded命令的arranged安排的essential紧要的，基本的complied遵照anxious焦急的imperative迫切的important重要的desirable合意的better较好的，更好insistent坚持的desired想要asked请求keen渴望的incredible难以置信的adamant坚定不移的natural自然的insisted坚持necessary必要的suggested建议urgent紧迫的ordered命令shocked震惊的vital极其重要的possible可能的strange 奇怪的preferable好一点proposed提议requested要求的required要求的recommended 推荐resolved决定的probable可能的pity可惜，憾事shame遗憾C表示建议、要求、命令、请求等含义的名词引导表语从句和同位语从句，例如：The motion is that the remark of the last speaker be expunged from the record.该提议要求把最后一个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。
这类名词常见的有：advice忠告decision决定demand要求desire要求、愿望insistence坚持motion提议necessity必要性order命令preference偏爱，选择proposal提议pray恳求recommendation推荐request要求requirement要求resolution决心suggestion劝告，忠告(2)虚拟语气用于as if(though)引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。
例如：She often laughs spontaneously,and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。
They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是多年的老朋友一样。
She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。
(3)由连接词in case,so that,unless,lost,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might,would)+动词原形，例如：She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold.她在那个婴儿的身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。
(三)含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。
常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：(1)介词或介词短语，如but for,but that,without,in case of,under,under more favourable condition等。
(2)连词，如：so that,unless, in case,supposing,lest,provided(倘若……)，for fear that(惟恐),insgroupsthat,on condition that,if only(要是……就好了)等。
(注：lest,for fear that和in case引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。
)例如：The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him.这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。
Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。
巩固练习1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _________ much easier.A. will beB. would have beenC. could have beenD. would be2. If I _____ you, I'd join the army.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be3. If he _______ tomorrow, he would find Mr Wang in the office.A. comesB. will comeC. should comeD. come4. If it _______ next week , the crops would be saved.A. rainsB. will rainsC. would rainD. should rain5. If I _______ it, I would do it in a different way.A. were to doB. doC. had doneD. was to do6. Supposing the weather ________ bad, where would you goA. isB. will beC. wereD. be7. If he had worked harder, he _________.A. would succeedB. had succeededC. should succeedD. would have succeeded8. If he ________, he _________ that food.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken9. If my lawyer _________ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented10. If he ______ it, he _______ it.A. had seen; could have believedB. saw; couldn't believeC. saw; couldn't have believedD. has seen; had believed11. -Do you think the thief entered through the window-No, if he had, I don't believe, _______ broken the living-room's window.A. he would haveB. he must haveC. he hadD. should he have12. -Did you go swimming last Sunday-No. We would have gone ______ nicer.A. if the weather wasB. would the weather have beenC. had the weather beenD. should the weather be13. ______ it ______ for your help, I couldn't have made any progress.A. Had; not beenB. Should; not beenC. Did; not beenD. Not; been14. _______ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would have leftB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves15. It is ordered that a new bridge ______ over the wide river.A. should be builtB. would built1. If I ____ where he lived, I ____ a note to him.A. knew, wouldB. had known, would have sentC. know, would sendD. knew, would have sent2. If they ____ earlier than expected, they ____ here now.A. had started, would beB. started, might beC. had started, would have beenD. will start, might have been3. I didn’t know his telephone number. ____ it, I ____ then.A. Had I known, would ring him upB. Should I know, would have rung him upC. If I knew; would ring him upD. Had I known; would have rung him up4. Mary is ill today. If she _____ , she ____ absent from school.A. were not ill; wouldn' t beB. had been ill; wouldn't have beenC. had been ill; should have beenD. hadn't been ill; could be5. Were I to do it, I ________ it some other way.A. will doB. would doC. would have doneD. were to do6. I ________ him the answer ________ possible, but I was so busy then.A. could tell; if it had beenB. must have told; were itC. should have told; had it beenD. should have told; should it be7. Without your help, we________ so much.A. won ' t achieveB. didn ' t achieveC. don't achieveD. wouldn't have achieved8. You didn't take his advice. ________ his advice, you ________ such a mistake.A. Had you taken; wouldn't have madeB. If you had taken; would makeC. Were you to take; shouldn t have madeD. Have you taken; won t have made9. We wish we ____ what you did when we were at high school.A. didB. could have doneC. have doneD. should do10. She wishes she ____ to the theatre last night.A. wentB. would goC. had goneD. were going1~5 BADAB 6~10 CDABC。