全国高等教育自学考试英语试题历年试卷

全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题课程代码：00015PART ONEⅠ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points, i point for each item)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

1.Studies have shown _______ teenagers often suffer form depression.A.thatB.whichC.in whichD.in that2.The party has failed to _______ the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country.A.trustB.creditC.convinceD.believe3._______ driving around all day looking for somewhere to park, why don't you take a bus totown?A.In spite ofB.Rather thanC.In palce ofD.Other than4.The kids are _______ be hungry when they get home—they always are.A. obliged toB. bound toC. desired toD. motivated to5.All the characteristics that distinguish birds _______ other animals can be traced to prehistorictimes.A.toB.betweenC.forD.from6.When the city was _______, everyone knew that total defeat was certain.A.cut offB.cut downC.cut acrossD.cut out7.If we _______ everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.A.hadn't gotB. didn't getC.wouldn't have gotD. wouldn’t get8.In his composition there were no other errors _______ a few misspelled words.A.besideB.exceptC.thenD.than9.In deciding _______ a course of action, the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on thevoters.A.what to pursueB.which to pursueC.whether to pursueD.if to pursue10.Since we have a focused subject, we should not talk _______.A.at onceB.at handC.at intervalsD.at randomⅡ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。

根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

Economists believe that job earnings influence choice of occupation. They acknowledge that people place varying emphasis __11__income, but point out that workers tend to move from one occupation to another __12__changes in salaries. Inconomist, stated that “proper information regarding wages if sufficiently __13__ upon people, will lead to correct choice of occupation and correct __14__ of people in an occupation, provided barriers to occupations have been removed.”This means that the supply and demand of workers have __15__to do with wages, __16__in turn influence people to choose certain careers.. However, all barriers to occupations will have to be removed __17__ career choices can be __18__ by economics alone.There is little question __19__economic factors have some influence on choice of an occupation.But to picture them as the major or most important reason __20__ against the soundest of folk wisdom:“Man does not live by bread alone.”B.other thanC.throughD.because ofB.to be impressedC.impressD.impressedC.whichD.whereC.untilD.whenC.expressedD.exposedⅢ.Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。

Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.“No man is an island,”wrote the poet John Donne several centuries ago. He was acknowledging one of our most distinctive characteristics: the fact that we are social animals whose behavior and personalities are shaped by the groups to which we belong.Throughout life, most of our daily activities are performed in the company of others. Whether our purpose is working, playing, raising a family, learning, or simply relaxing, we usually pursue it in groups, even if the group is as small as two or three people. Out need for human contacts is not merely a practical one; it is a deep psychological need as well. If people are deprived of the company of others for prolonged periods, mental breakdown is the usual result.Even the Geneva Convention(日内瓦公约)，an international agreement that regulates the treatment of prisoners of war, recognizes this need. It regards solitary(孤独的) imprisonment for more than thirty day as a cruel form of torture(折磨).In its strictest sense, a group is a collection of people interacting together in an orderly way on the basis of shared expectations about one another's behavior. As result of this interaction, members feel a common sense of “belonging.”They distinguish members from nonmembers and expect certain kinds of behavior from outsiders.21.By “No man is an island,”John Donne means _____.A.no one can live on an island aloneB.a man is not surrounded by sea on all sidesC.a man and an island are irrelevantD.no one can live in isolation from other people22.The fact that we work or even play in groups illustrates the point that ____.A.poeple are different from animalsB.Donne recognized the group to which he belongedC.human beings are social animalsD.human behavior and personalities are formed by others23.“Breakdown”as used in Line 6, Paragraph 2 most probably denotes ____.A.separationB.collapseC.analysisD.function24.According to the passage, what is NOT a characteristic of group?A.There are at least two people in it.B.The members share some common grounds.C.The members work for one purpose.D.The members interact regularly with each other.25.This passage is mainly about _______.A.the importance of human contactsB.pattens of human behaviorC.the importance of human activitiesD.patterns of human societyPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The word health can be used in a number of ways. In the past, health only the absence of disease or illness. Today, though, health has a broader meaning. Health is the state of your well-being that includes how you feel physically, mentally, and socially. Wellness is another term that describes this broader view of health. You can understand the need for a broader definition if you think about how health in your life is different from health in your grandparents' lives.In 1900, the main causes of death were diseases that were spread by bacteria(细菌) and viruses(病毒).If you had lived then, the danger of your dying from pneumonia(肺炎) would have been three times greater than the danger of your dying from cancer.The diseases that were most common in 1900 affected people of all ages. It is not surprising, then that around 1900, the emphasis of health was on freedom from illness. Today many of the diseases that were common in 1900 can be prevented or cured by improved medicines and methods of sanitation(卫生). Most diseases now are likely to occur later in life. You as a teenager will probably not have to think about the same threats to your health as your grandparents did.These improvements in health conditions mean that not only can you now enjoy a better life, but you also have a greater chance of having a longer life. Conrtolling diseases has increased the life expectancy in the United States. Grenerally, people born more recently have higher life expectancies. Since 1900, the life expectancy in the United States has increased by more than 27 years. It has increased from 47 years for those born in 1900 to 74 years 1981.26.According to Paragraph 1, health and wellness ______.A.can be used interchangeably on all occasionsB.are different in that the latter has a broader senseC.had the same meaning in the pastD.both refer to the state of your well-being27.Which of the following statements is true?A.Diseases caused by bacteria and viruses were incurable in 1900.B.Bacteria and viruses are the main causes of death today.C.Medicines for curing pneumonia were not available in 1900.D.Pneumonia caused as many deaths in 1900 as cancer does today.28.“Life expectancy”in the last paragraph most probably means ____.A.the kind of life that a person may expect to liveB.the mode of life that a group of people have livedC.the length of time that a person or an animal has livedD.the length of time that people may expect to live29.On an average, people in America who were born in 1900 ______.A.had a life-span of 74 yearsB.lived a shorter but better life than those born laterC.lived to 47 years of ageD.lived 27 years longer than those born in 198130.The intended readers of the passage are _______.A.teenagersB.the diseasedC.adultsD.aged peoplePassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Most Americans would have a difficult time telling you, specifically, what the values are which Americans live by. They have never given the matter any thought.Over the years I have introduced thousands of international visitors to life in the United States.This has caused me to try to lock at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitors, I am confident that the values listed in this booklet describe most (but not all )Americans, and that understanding these values can help you, the international visitor, understand Americans.It is my belief that if foreign visitors really understand how deeply these 13 values are ingrained in Americans, they will then be able to understand 95% of American actions —actions which might otherwise appear “strange,”“confusing,”or “unbelievable”when evaluated from the perspective of the foreigner's own society and its values.The different behaviors of a people or a culture make sense only when seen through the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of that particular group. When you encounter and action, or heara statement in the United States which surprises you, try to see it as an expression of one ormore of the values listed in this booklet.31.Can an ordinary American tell you his/her value system?A.Yes, because this is something an American lives by.B.No, because everyone will have his/her own system.C.No, because he/she has never thought about it.D.Yes, because values are something often in their thought.32.The author lists 13 values in his booklet to _____.A.invite foreigners to visit AmericaB.look at Americans through the eyes of foreign visitorsC.describe the confusing actions of most AmericansD.help international visitors understand Americans33.The word “ingrained”in Line 2, Paragraph 3 most probably means _____.A.rooted in the mindsB.found in the grainsC.planted for foodD.prepared with grain34.Visitors sometimes fine Americans behave in a strange, confusing or unbelievable way, probablybecause _____.A.Americans are hard to understandB.Americans have values which are entirely different from their ownC.they view Americans according to the values in their own societyD.it is difficult to understand any people when you first encounter them35.How can you understand a surprising behavior or statement of an American when you visit theUnited States?A.By linking it to the basic beliefs, assumptions and values of the Americans.B.By comparing it with the values of yourself and your country.C.By expressing one or more of the values in this booklet.D.By looking at the particular group of people who behave or speak that way.PART TWOⅣ.Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two items)将下列汉语单词译成英语。