Moby-Dick白鲸解析
赏析米考伯人物形象
赏析米考伯人物形象米考伯人物形象赏析。
米考伯（Moby-Dick）是美国作家赫尔曼·梅尔维尔（Herman Melville）创作的一部经典小说，被誉为美国文学史上的巅峰之作。
小说以捕鲸业为背景，讲述了一位年轻水手伊什梅尔的冒险故事，以及他与一条白鲸米考伯之间的激烈斗争。
在这部小说中，米考伯这一人物形象被塑造得极为生动和复杂，深深地吸引着读者的目光。
本文将从不同角度对米考伯的人物形象进行赏析，探讨其在小说中的重要意义。
首先，米考伯是一条白鲸，但在小说中却被赋予了人类般的智慧和情感。
它不仅是伊什梅尔追逐的目标，更是一种象征和意象。
米考伯的形象在小说中扮演着多重角色，既是恐怖的杀手，又是神秘的谜团，更是对自然力量的象征。
米考伯的出现使得小说充满了神秘和戏剧性，同时也引发了对人类与自然、命运与自由的深刻思考。
米考伯这一形象的复杂性和多重性，使得它成为了小说中最具有象征意义的角色之一。
其次，米考伯的形象还体现了人类对自然的探索和对命运的挑战。
在小说中，米考伯被描绘成一种超越人类理解的存在，它的力量和智慧超乎想象，让人类感到渺小和渺茫。
然而，正是这种对自然的探索和对命运的挑战，使得伊什梅尔和他的船员们能够超越自我，勇敢地面对挑战，不断前行。
米考伯的形象在小说中扮演着一种启发和激励的作用，它让人们认识到，面对自然的力量和命运的考验，人类需要拥有勇气和智慧，去探索和挑战，去追求真理和自由。
此外，米考伯的形象还反映了人类内心深处的欲望和野心。
在小说中，米考伯不仅是一条白鲸，更是一种象征和隐喻。
它象征着人类内心深处的欲望和野心，是人类对未知和神秘的追求。
米考伯的形象在小说中扮演着一种诱惑和诱惑的角色，它让人类感到无法抗拒的吸引力，让人们不断追逐和探索。
然而，正是这种对未知和神秘的追求，使得人类陷入了无尽的苦难和折磨，最终导致了悲剧的结局。
米考伯的形象让人们认识到，人类内心深处的欲望和野心是无穷无尽的，需要警惕和克制，否则将会带来灾难和毁灭。
《白鲸》主题意蕴与象征主义写作手法浅析
《白鲸》主题意蕴与象征主义写作手法浅析摘要：《白鲸》是19 世纪美国浪漫主义小说家赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的代表作。
作品记叙了“裴廓德号”捕鲸船船长亚哈在同一条巨大凶猛的白鲸莫比·迪克搏斗中船破身亡的经历。
本文将对小说中的主题和象征主义写作手法进行探索性的分析。
关键词：《白鲸》；麦尔维尔；主题分析；象征主义一、引言1851 年完成的《白鲸》（Moby- Dick）是19 世纪美国浪漫主义小说家赫尔曼·麦尔维尔（Herman Melville，1819- 1891）的代表作。
这是一部寓意丰富、深刻、笔触雄浑的长篇小说。
它记述了在19 世纪上半叶美国捕鲸业蓬勃发展的年代，从事捕鲸业40 年的“裴廓德号”捕鲸船船长亚哈在同一条巨大凶猛的白鲸莫比·迪克搏斗中船破身亡的经历。
作者通过描写离奇曲折充满异国风光与浪漫情调的历险故事来反映当时的社会生活，同时对人性进行了深入的开掘。
《白鲸》的思想范围十分广泛，包括了人的自我发现与认识、人与自然界、人与上帝、人类对最高真理的认识与追求，人与人之间的关系主观臆想与客观现实的冲突。
麦尔维尔通过提出这些问题来反映处于变革时代的人们头脑中变化的思想。
他以艺术家的良知和崭新的创作方法描述了海洋世界中的生活，以及过了大半辈子孤独生活的纯朴的人们的内心世界，探索了人生道德的哲理，进行了探索自我的尝试，探寻了潜藏在一切表面现象之下的内在真实，进而表现出对人类命运的深沉忧患与对弱者的深刻同情。
在《白鲸》中，始终贯穿着人道主义思想，善与恶、生与死、爱与恨、文明与原始、相信与怀疑等人类生活中的永恒问题。
评论家理查德·蔡斯认为麦尔维尔的《白鲸》是“美国想象力最辉煌的表达”。
1919 年以后，《白鲸》不但成为公认的杰作还被誉为是时代的镜子，“变动的时代的一切变动的思想和感情在这里都得到了淋漓尽致的反映”。
美国当代文学批评家昂利·霍德华说：“有多少深深卷入人生矛盾，并且敏感的足以卷入一件艺术作品所表现的精神矛盾中的读者，这部书就有多少种含义。
白鲸中的象征主义
论《白鲸》中的象征主义摘要：麦尔维尔（Herman Melvil le）是19世纪美国著名作家，《白鲸》Moby Dick是他的代表作，也是美国乃至世界文学中的经典之作。
小说围绕捕杀白鲸这一主题展开，中间贯穿了大量的关于当时风土人情、航海捕鲸的描写。
自小说问世以来，出现了众多的分析和评论。
这部小说最显著的艺术特色是象征手法的运用。
本文将对书中各个角色及事务的象征意义进行简要分析。
关键词：《白鲸》；象征主义；圣经；莫比·迪克（Moby Dick）《白鲸》Moby Dick叙述了一位名叫亚哈 (Ahab)的捕鲸船船长率全体船员与捕鲸水手，追捕一条叫做莫比·迪克（Moby Dick）的白鲸的故事。
莫比·迪克是一个凶残狡猾的海中怪物。
亚哈 (Ahab)的一条腿就是被它吞噬掉的。
因此他决心捕杀白鲸，报仇雪恨。
捕鲸船在大海中日夜搜捕，经过三天的追踪，白鲸终于被鱼叉标枪所击中。
发狂的白鲸撞翻了渔船，船长亚哈 (Ahab)被鱼叉标枪上的绳索缠住，一起卷入海中，最后两败俱伤，船沉人亡，只有伊什梅尔（Ishmae l）生还，向我们讲述这个悲壮的故事。
小说大量地运用了象征主义手法，其中的这许多人物景观几乎都具有多层次的象征意义。
如陆地和海洋，一方面，陆地象征着安闲舒适，海洋象征着凶险莫测；陆地代表着封闭自足，海洋则代表着冒险求知。
从另一个角度来看，陆地也象征着使人丧失精神生活的人类文明，而海洋则代表未受人类文明污染的原始文明的保留地。
“裴考德号（Peqoud）”捕鲸船的象征意义更为丰富:它代表人类生活的世界舞台；代表原始文化的一叶方舟；象征基督教对其他落后化的统治之地；所以它还可以象征邪恶的人类世界必遭毁灭的命运。
本文将从以下几个方面具体地加以探析。
《白鲸》象征意义的解读
《⽩鲸》象征意义的解读2019-09-17摘要：《⽩鲸》是19世纪美国著名的⼩说家赫尔曼·梅尔维尔（Herman Melville）的经典⼩说之⼀。
这部⼩说蕴含许多象征意义，本⽂主要分析了船长亚哈、⽩鲸莫⽐狄克和捕鲸船裴廓德号的象征意义，旨在让读者对《⽩鲸》有更深层次的理解。
关键词：《⽩鲸》莫⽐狄克象征意义⼀、引⾔赫尔曼·梅尔维尔（Herman Melville，1819-1891）是19世纪美国著名的⼩说家之⼀，与纳撒尼尔·霍桑（Nathaniel Hawthorne）齐名。
梅尔维尔⾝前没有引起应有的重视，直到20世纪20年代，梅尔维尔的价值才被美国⽂学界发现，其中他的《⽩鲸》（Moby Dick）被英国作家⽑姆认为是世界⼗⼤⽂学名著之⼀。
梅尔维尔被誉为美国的“莎⼠⽐亚”。
美国当代⽂学批评家昂利·霍德华说：“有多少深深卷⼊⼈⽣⽭盾，并且敏感的⾜以卷⼊⼀件艺术作品所表现的精神⽭盾中的读者，这部书就有多少种含义。
要给这部书硬加上准确的、正统的、权威性的意义，就等于摧毁本书活⽣⽣的持久性、也摧毁了它带给读者的激动，⽽这种持久性暗⽰性和刺激性正是这部⼩说的明显特点，也就是梅尔维尔⽂学技巧的精髓。
”⼆、《⽩鲸》内容简介《⽩鲸》讲述了具有40余年捕鲸经验的船长亚哈（Ahab）带领船员乘着“裴廓德号（Pequod）”捕鲸船追击⽩鲸（Moby Dick）的故事。
船长亚哈⼀次在与⼀群鲸鱼搏⽃时，不慎被⼀条凶猛的⽩⾊鲸鱼咬掉了⼀条腿，这条躯体庞⼤的⽩⾊鲸鱼被⽔⼿们称为“莫⽐狄克”（Moby Dick）。
船长为了报仇雪恨，决定不惜⼀切代价捕杀莫⽐狄克。
他凭着经验和直觉判断出了莫⽐狄克的位置并率领船员长途航⾏，沿途穿越了⼤西洋、印度洋等，他们在途中遇到了很多返航的捕鲸船，对⽅都极⼒劝阻亚哈放弃捕鲸计划，因为⽩鲸凶狠，伤亡会很惨重。
但是，亚哈毫不动摇，坚决要捕杀莫⽐狄克。
尽管裴廓德号船遭到风暴造成的严重损坏，但是亚哈要求船员继续前进，终于历经艰难险阻，找到了莫⽐狄克。
白鲸MobyDick作品分析
白鲸Moby Dick作品分析1.白鲸Moby Dick是19世纪美国作家赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的代表作之一，被誉为一部文学经典。
小说以白鲸为主题，通过船长阿哈伊博的视角，讲述了一个关于复仇与人性的故事。
2. 内容概述白鲸Moby Dick讲述了船长阿哈伊博带领船员追逐那只曾经伤害过他的大白鲸的故事。
整个小说分为三部分，第一部分是阿哈伊博对于白鲸的激情演讲，展示了他对复仇的执着；第二部分描述了船员们的日常生活和他们对于白鲸追逐的热情；第三部分则是故事的高潮部分，描写了阿哈伊博与白鲸的最后一次决战。
3. 主题分析3.1 复仇复仇是整个小说的核心主题。
阿哈伊博为了复仇，舍弃了一切，将自己的一生都奉献给了追逐白鲸。
他不顾船员们的安危，只为了满足自己的复仇心理。
这种执着的复仇精神掩盖了阿哈伊博的人性，令他逐渐变得疯狂。
3.2 人性的黑暗面白鲸Moby Dick通过描写人物的行为和内心独白，展示了人性的黑暗面。
船员们在追逐白鲸的过程中，逐渐展现出贪婪、残忍、争斗的一面。
他们不顾生命危险，只为了能够捕获白鲸而不顾一切。
小说通过揭示人性的黑暗面，引发读者对于人性的思考和反思。
4. 文学风格4.1 叙事方式白鲸Moby Dick采用了多种叙事方式，既有第一人称叙事，也有第三人称叙事。
阿哈伊博作为小说的主要叙事者，通过他的视角和内心独白，向读者展示了个人的情感和思考。
同时，通过第三人称叙事，使得读者能够更全面地了解故事发展和其他角色的动态。
4.2 形象描写梅尔维尔善于运用形象描写，他通过详细的描绘和丰富的细节，让读者能够感受到故事中的场景和人物。
特别是对于白鲸的描写，既有力量感，又有神秘感，给人留下深刻的印象。
5.白鲸Moby Dick是一部充满哲理和思考的文学作品。
通过对复仇和人性的探讨，梅尔维尔向读者展示了人性的复杂性和黑暗面。
同时，通过独特的叙事方式和精细的形象描写，增加了故事的吸引力和震撼力。
这部作品至今仍然有着重要的意义，在文学界产生了深远的影响。
《白鲸》赏析-精选文档
《白鲸》赏析-精选文档《白鲸》赏析经典台词捕鲸船“佩科特号”的船长亚哈被一只叫莫比?迪克的鲸咬断了一条腿，他一直在寻找机会报仇。
他向水手们许诺，谁最先发现那只白鲸，就奖励给谁一枚金币。
为了寻找莫比?迪克，“佩科特号”从大西洋到印度洋，最后到达太平洋。
终于有一天，水手们发现了巨大的、邪恶的莫比?迪克，与它进行了三天三夜的激烈搏斗。
最后，被激怒的莫比?迪克用头撞毁了“佩科特号”，破碎的船沉入了海底，只剩下亚哈乘坐的那只小艇。
他使劲朝莫比?迪克投了一只标枪，不巧的是，他的脖子被快速滑出的绳索缠住，掉进海里死了。
这部小说在描写人鲸大战令人荡气回肠的场面同时，也促使我们对人生进行更加深刻的思考，从而感受到人类的勇气、智慧和力量。
精选段落这一段生动地描写了亚哈船长首次发现鲸鱼，并且与鲸鱼进行激烈搏斗的悲壮场面。
The next morning， Ahab smelled the sea air and said，“A whale is near.”Soon everyone could smell the strange smell that a sperm whale（抹香鲸）has，and the cold man quickly changed the ship's course（航向） to follow it.“I will make the first sight myself！” cried Ahab，“And I will have the gold coin for sighting the whale first. Ahab alone！” He pointed to the gold coin he'd nailed to the main mast（船桅）so long ago.Ahab raised himself up the main mast for a full look at the sea. He was about two-thirds of way up when he heard himself shout，“There she blows，there she blows！A hump like a snow hill！ It is Moby Dick！”The men on deck were excited to have a quick look at the famous whale they had been chasing（追赶）after so long. Moby Dick was about a mile or so ahead and they could all see his tall but silent spouts（喷流）.“Was I the first to see him？” cried Ahab to all the men standing around on the ropes.Ahab started to climb down and began shouting orders in excitement. “Stand by！Stand by！Get the boats ready！Quicker！ Quicker！” And he lowered himself ontothe deck.The three boats waited in the stillness for the return of Moby Dick. Ahab looked hard with concentration over the side of his boat into the deep sea. He saw a white formrising quickly. Soon it turned into two long rows of white teeth. It was the jaws（颌，颚） of Moby Dick， opening beneath （在……的下方） Ahab's boat！Ahab， with one huge sweep of his steering oar（船桨），moved the boat away from the jaws of the whale. Then Moby Dick came up above the surface of the water again and was facing Ahab's boat. But with evil cleverness，Moby Dick went under again and hit the boat with his head.His long narrow jaw opened. He bit into the front of the boat with his mouth and one of his teeth became stuck in the lock for an oar. Ahab's head was six inches from Moby Dick's mouth when the whale began to shake the boat gently，like a cat will do with a mouse in its mouth.Except for Fedallah， the rest of the crew ran and fell over each other to reach the back of the boat. Fedallah just sat there with his arms crossed.Ahab was crazy with anger. He grabbed（抓住）at themouth of the whale with his bare hands and tried to pull it apart. But this had no effect and Moby Dick， as if making fun of Ahab's efforts， bit the boat completely into two！The men had no choice but to jump into the water. Meanwhile， Moby Dick angrily circled the area， mixing and turning up the water. It looked like he was making himself ready for another deadly attack.重要短语1. be excited to do sth. 非常激动地做某事When he heard the news that the government would control the increasing house prices， he was excited to jump. 听到政府将控制房价上涨这个消息后，他激动地跳了起来。
白鲸 moby dick Herman Melville. 美国文学 英美文学 美国文学作品分析
THEMES
Revenge Individual VS Fate
Human VS Nature
It symbolizes the world's different cultures mixed and intertwined, from a variety of the world as a patchwork of linen cloth, from different cultures, races, backgrounds interwoven, interdependent people together, interdependent, different from the novel State of the crew is the most vivid expression.
Queequeg's Coffin Queequeg's coffin alternately symbolizes life and death. Queequeg has it built when he is seriously ill, but when he recovers, it becomes a chest to hold his belongings and an emblem of his will to live. He perpetuates the knowledge tattooed on his body by carving it onto the coffin's lid. The coffin further comes to symbolize life, in a morbid way, when it replaces the Pequod's life buoy. When the Pequod sinks, the coffin becomes Ishmael's buoy, saving not only his life but the life of the narrative that he will pass on. (Generally symbolizes bringing forth life, from death.)
人性与自然——对《白鲸》的分析英文论文
人性与自然——对《白鲸》的分析摘要:《白鲸》作为一部充满浪漫主义气息和现代精神的预言小说成为梅尔维尔关注和表达人与自然关系的平台。
国内外有很多学者对这部小说中的人与自然的关系进行了研究。
然而，很少人进一步对人性与自然的关系进行阐释。
在《白鲸》中，人性的邪恶与自然的关系构成了人与自然不和谐的一面。
在人与自然的交锋中，人类试图凭借自我意识的膨胀来征服大自然，而自然又并不为人类所摆布，甚至对人类实施还击。
同时，人性的宽容与自然的关系构成了人与自然和谐的一面。
人类要寻求与自然的和谐与统一，就必须保持一颗对自然界宽容的心。
本文进一步分析了人性与自然的关系，同时探讨了影响这种关系的诸多因素。
关键词:人性；自然；《白鲸》；人性与自然的关系Humanity and Nature—An Analysis of Moby-DickAbstract:Moby-Dick, as a predictive fiction with romantic color and modern spirit, becomes the center of the stage for Melville to show his care and express the relationship between humanity and nature. Some researchers at home and abroad have deeply studied the relationship between human beings and nature in the novel. However, few studies clarify the relationship between humanity and nature. In the novel, the inharmonious side of human and nature reflects the relationship between human’s evil and nature. In the fierce battle of them, human beings relying on the swelling self-awareness try to conquer nature. Howev er, nature doesn’t surrender to human beings but retaliates upon them. Meanwhile, the harmonious side reflects the relationship between human’s tolerance and nature. When human beings try to live in harmony with nature, they must be tolerant to nature. This thesis further analyzes the relationship between humanity and nature. In addition, this thesis also explores the factors influencing the relationship between humanity and nature.Key Words: Humanity; Nature; Moby-Dick; Relationship between humanity and natureContents1. Introduction (1)2. An Analysis of nature (1)2.1 The white whale —Moby Dick (1)2.2 The ocean (2)2.3 The Pequod (2)3. An analysis of humanity (3)3.1 Human beings’ evil (3)3.2 Human beings’ tolerance (4)4. An analysis of the relationship between humanity and nature (4)4.1 The relationship between humanity and nature in the 19th century (4)4.2 An analysis of the relationship between humanity and nature (5)4.2.1 Human beings’ evil and nature (5)4.2.2 Human beings’ tolerance and nature (6)4.2.3 Human beings’ suspicion and nature (7)4.3 Factors influencing the relationship (8)5. Conclusion (9)Bibliography (10)Acknowledgements (11)1. IntroductionHerman Melville is one of the greatest American literary naturalists, who was born in a rich family in New York in 1819. After his father died in debt, 11-year-old Melville had to begin to work early. He once worked as a bank clerk, a salesman, a schoolteacher, but all these failed to offer him a decent livelihood. Then he went to sea at twenty, which provided him rich experiences, especially his sailing experiences that furnished him with abundant material for fiction. For a period of some eight years after his return from the sea, he was at most prolific. Melville composes lots of works, such as Typee (1846), Omoo(1847), Mardi(1849), Redburn(1849), White Jacket(1850), Moby-Dick(1851) etc. Among his works, Moby-Dick is one of the greatest masterpieces of the world.Moby-Dick is a very famous novel showing that Ahab, the captain of the Pequod, leads the crew to pursue and kill the white whale. It is also the story of the struggle and harmony of nature and human beings, reflecting the complex relationship between humanity and nature. The others also have touched upon the relationship. For example, Tian Fang, the instructor of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, writes one paper –Melville’s opinion on the relationship between human beings and nature. Wang Yiqun also writes an article entitled On Humanistic Thinking In Moby-Dick.In the novel, the purpose of analyzing humanity and nature is to research the relationship between humanity and nature. The analysis of the relationship in the novel reflects human’s evil and tolerance in the realistic society. According to the analysis, we can find the positive side of humanity to harmoniously coexist with nature.2. An Analysis of natureNature means all the things in the universe that are not made by human beings, such as animals, plants, mountains, and rivers. The analysis of nature in the thesis mainly focuses on the white whale—Moby Dick, the ocean and the ship—the Pequod.2.1 The white whale—Moby DickMoby Dick is also called the white whale literally because it possesses a special white back and a huge white head. It is so noble and tranquil that it freely swims in the ocean and shares the sunshine. It has blended into nature admirably and becomes a typical representation of nature. However, Moby Dick is a dreadful whale. It is a white-headed whale with three holes punctured in its starboard fluke, which reminds people of fearsomeness and evil. It represents the devil of nature and receives God’s order to fight against those whalemen who desire to chase, even kill it. Thosewhalemen almost reach a co ncensus on Moby Dick’s destruction. They think that Moby Dick is more curious than other whales living in the ocean. They also believe that once they meet with Moby Dick and try to attack it, they will suffer from such harmful calamity in these assaults which may cause sprained wrists and ankles, broken limbs, or devouring amputations, even death. Moby Dick is also clever. It can estimate accurately what is the best time to assault human beings successfully. Therefore, Moby Dick is the scared, mysterious, invincible and intellectural embodiment of the ocean in nature.2.2 The oceanOur first impression of the ocean is that it is so vast and endless. When sailing in the sea, we feel that we are so tiny. We adore the broad attitude of the ocean with awe from the bottom of our hearts.But the cunning, fierce and unmerciful features of the ocean are substantial. It is cunning because it knows how its dreaded creatures glide under water, unapparent for the most part, and treacherously hide beneath the loveliest tints of azure. Indeed, in order to escape from the human’s chase and protect themselves, the marine creatures have to seek a shelter. The best shelter is beneath the ocean where they can hide. If human beings desire to gain the things they need, they must pay for these, such as hard work, much energy, etc. People should know that seeking the necessary things in the ocean is lengthy and hard work. Meanwhile, the scene of cannibalism and the rule that strong animals prey upon weaker ones hide subtly in the ocean. This kind of feint induces us to think that the ocean is so peaceful, quiet and divine. However, it is really fierce and unmerciful because it dashes the mightiest whales against the rocks, and leaves the whales’ corpses there side by side with the sp lit wrecks of ships. The power of the ocean shows that nature is inviolable and unconquered. But the power is at the cost of destroying the ships randomly and killing the marine animals. Therefore, in the novel, the author wants to show that the ocean is cunning, fierce and unmerciful.2.3 The PequodFrom the frame of the novel, the Pequod is a high generalization and an epitome of the human beings’ society. The firm body and the advanced equipments bestow this ship the strong power. The moment it sails in the ocean, it begins its provocation and invasion to the divine sea. In fact it is the delegate of destroying nature. The whalemen on the ship are connived to pursue and kill the whales. So the Pequod is a direct participator. On the other hand, in this small ship, there is a sharply divided hierarchy. Captain Ahab is the sovereign lord and the sailors are only the slaves in the lower end of the social ladder at the outset. When they set foot on this ship, they have lost their human rights. They have to obe y Ahab’s order so that they devote their ownlives to the whale fishery because their bodies and soul belong to the captain. An unlucky encounter of the Pequod actually reflects the tragic fate of the whalemen. 3. An analysis of humanityGenerally speaking, humanity involves two aspects: one negative side of humanity, such as human beings’ suspicion, cruel and evil, etc; one positive side, such as human beings’ tolerance, kindness, pity, etc. Humanity not only appears between human beings and nature, but al so in the human’s own society. In the novel, human beings’ evil is the typical negative side of humanity and human’s tolerance is the typical positive side.3.1 Human beings’ evilCaptain Ahab is the most typical representative of the wicked quality in this novel. His name, Ahab, has an obvious symbolism. In the Bible, Ahab is a wicked king from Israel. He introduces Paganism to his own country. So we can absolutely find that Ahab’s archetype in the Bible is so wicked. In Moby-Dick, Ahab’s wicked quality is also showed clearly. In the course of whaling, he encounters a cachalot called Moby Dick. When he chases the white whale with his sailors, he suffers a great blow. The white whale devours his leg cruelly. However he makes use of the sperm’s jawbone to burnish an artificial leg. Ahab is hostile to nature after he becomes handicapped from the action of burnishing the artificial leg. He concentrates hatred on Moby Dick. To achieve his purpose of finding and killing Moby Dick, he persists in setting sail with out considering the stockholders’ benefit of the Pequod. When he meets the captains of the other boats sailing on the sea, he refuses to accept their suggestions that he should turn back. He solely wants to chase and kill the white whale. At that time, Ahab has cherished a wild hatred against the whale. Actually the white whale not only brings him bodily woes, but also the intellectual and spiritual exasperations. Therefore the white whale becomes the monomaniac incarnation of all those malicious agencies. He crazily chases Moby Dick in order to comfort his injured heart and smooth his wounds. His ruinous deed has pushed him into the abyss of the wicked quality.Ahab doesn’t really care about his crew but ask them to work for him with the temptation of benefits. He prefers to take advantage of them to achieve his dream of chasing and killing Moby Dick. He equates crew’s lives with money in his hand. In his mind, he regards their lives as the slaves and the tools of revenging Moby Dick. This kind of internal s pirit of Ahab’s trampling their lives and controlling their soul shows obviously that his evil in his inner heart has absolutely exposed his real natural instincts.3.2 Human beings’ toleranceHuman beings’ tolerance is manifested in two aspects: human’s tolerance to nature and human’s tolerance to themselves. First, we need to simply know tolerance to nature. In chapter 100, the captain of the Samuel Enderby says that he will not struggle with Moby Dick any longer after his arm is bitten off by the white whale. He even warns Captain Ahab not to get a rise out of Moby Dick. His concession on escaping from the disaster shows human’s tolerant attitude to nature. Th is kind of attitude roots in the instinct of human’s self-protection. The captain of Samuel Enderby knows that if he doesn’t provoke nature, his life affirmatively will not be threatened. This is the most original way for human beings to deal with the relationship between human and nature.In terms of interpersonal tolerance, Melville adequately expresses his thought and opinion. In that period, the white men always discriminate the black men in the American society. But Melville shows the deep friendship between the white man—Ishmael and the cannibal—Queequeg. We may think that this kind of friendship shows that the interpersonal relationship is so equal. In the beginning, Ishmael considers that Queequeg is a cannibal, a devil of killing others. But after noticing Queequeg’s kind and polite action, he changes his opinion and starts to give a high praise for Queequeg. In fact, when Ishmael eliminates his prejudice, he admits that Queequeg has the equal right with him. In Ishmael’s mind, he has broken th e interpersonal discrimination. The interpersonal equal relationship is one kind of tolerance because once we treat anyone equally, we will remove interpersonal estrangement and we can also excuse them although they made the mistake before. 4. An analysis of the relationship between humanity and natureThe relationship between humanity and nature is quite complicated. When human beings invade nature with hatred, they will suffer from retaliation of nature. In the novel, Ahab’s hatred to the white whale brings its revenge. Moreover, when human suspect nature and begin to invade nature, they will be punished by nature. In the novel, when Ahab is still persisting in fighting against nature, he will suffer from punishment of nature. But human also know how to tolerant nature. When human’s tolerance begins to emerge, they will keep a harmonious relationship with nature.4.1 The relationship between humanity and nature in the 19th centuryIn the 19th century, American relying on the advanced equipments and ships became the overlord of the whale fishery. They captured various whales, extracted the sperm oil, cut off the whalemeat and fished out the costly ambergris. They desired toseek more benefits from nature and began to invade nature. Therefore human’s evil dominated in humanity in that period. However, some curious whales, rainstorm and tsunami forced human beings to pay a painful price. In that period, nature began to revenge human’s invasion. The phenomenon ulteriorly aggravated the dreadful relationship between human beings and nature. However, human’s tolerance, the most valuable quality in humanity, appeared in that period. Human realized gradually that if they continued to invade nature, they would be revenged by nature. Human began to seek the essential quality of humanity though human’s evil still played a dominated role.Therefore, in the 19th century, human kept an inharmonic relationship with nature. But a harmonious relationship began to appear.4.2 An analysis of the relationship between humanity and natureThe relationship between humanity and nature has two aspects: the inharmonic relationship and the harmonious one. In the novel, the inharmonic one embodies in human’s hatred to nature and nature’s revenge to human. The harmonious one embodies in human’s tolerance to nature. Therefore, human beings must show their tolerance if they want to keep the harmonious relationship with nature.4.2.1 Human beings’ evil and natureAhab is an opposite role to Moby Dick. In his instinct, his evil almost comes from his hostility to nature. The hostility focuses on his hatred to Moby Dick. He can bare the physical pain, but he cannot tolerant the failure and disgrace which originate from his broken leg. He loses sense absolutely because of the torment of the soul suffering from the bad setback, not the disabled body. In his opinion, human being is a master of the world. Consequently, he is so crazy to take the actions to chase and kill Moby Dick without considering any cost and consequence. In Moby-Dick,it is impossible for Ahab to love Moby Dick. The hatred has congested his whole mind. According to his actions, he has become a determined person not the hesitated one. Hatred inflames his boiling heart and releases his evil. Before he is inflamed by hatred, he only hunts the whales for his own benefit. But now his purpose is to chase and kill Moby Dick.After Ahab is injured physically and mentally by Moby Dick, his view of nature and life is that he will beat it up if the sun insults him. He has been so illiberal that he is hostile to all the things. When the sperm oil leaks into the ocean in the course of chasing the white whale, he is unwilling to undertake necessary remedial work because his brain fills with the hatred to the white whale. He damages his range quadrant deliberately in order to continue to go forward with the goal of chasing and killing the white whale. Hatred shows Ahab’s evil and forces him to depart the way ofhis normal life. Therefore, his extreme hatred and hostility to nature show the evil side of human beings’ losing sense and conscience.On the other hand, the sailors crazily cut down the head of the whale, dissect the abdomen of the whale and peel the whale and scoop the whale oil in the ocean. For their own benefits, they cruelly destroy and nibble nature. When they hunt the whales, they lose the good quality of humanity and show their evil. During three days of their receiving Ahab’s order to chase Moby Dick, their hatred to Moby Dick and atrocity to nature have not been controlled by themselves. When they find the white whale’s sign of floating on the surface of the sea again and again, they shout crazily in order to tell the other sailors that their evil actions of whaling will start. They rush the white whale with the spear gun without considering their safety. They give up their kindness and become the enemy of nature. Their bodies have been controlled by evil soul. In their mind, bloody slaughter and extreme destruction can force nature to succumb to their strong power.But nature doesn’t succumb to human beings. Human beings will suffer from retribution after they constantly conquer and destroy nature. Even if Ahab orders his crew to chase Moby Dick again and again, the white whale doesn’t surrender but appeal to counterattack. It attacks the boats, wrecks the whaling ship and brings much pain to human beings. It is the symbol of the God’s power and the embodiment of justice. It is so great that it announces to human beings that if they still destroy nature unshakably, they will be buried by divine nature finally. The author wants to tell us that it is difficult for human beings relying on our own stuffless power to win the battle between nature and them.4.2.2 Human beings’ tolerance and natureAs a narrator of the whole story and Melville’s prolocutor, Ishmael appears as a wise man. He figures out the best way to seek the harmonious relationship between human beings and nature. By researching the whales, Ishmael observes that the animals possess special strong vitality and human beings should learn from the whales. In Ishmael’s mind, the whale should be respected and praised by human. Therefore, human should not cruelly kill them. In chapter 65, Ishmael shows that he loathes people who eat the whalemeat. He criticizes that it will be more tolerable for the cannibals than for the civilized and enlightened gourmands who crazily chew the whalemeat. He not only expresses his resentful attitude to the action of eating the whalemeat, but also shows his pity to nature. As far as he concerns, all the creatures are so divine and inviolable. On his travel, he fully appreciates the charm of nature and regards the ocean as a remote and quiet hope. He holds that he possesses a kind of incomparable appetency to nature, which is the most inornate affection for human beings.Not only does Ishmael show his tolerance, but the captain of the Rachel manifests his special tolerance. In the beginning, the captain like Ahab is so crazy to chase Moby Dick. But after his son is missing chasing the white whale, he begins to repent what he has done. He should not show off human beings’ power to nature and he has realized that human beings have no ability to defeat nature. Invading and conquering nature is a mistake from the very beginning. Therefore, he begs Ahab to stop his crazy chase and asks Ahab to help seek his son. This kind of realization comes from the instinct of self-protection. When human beings give up fighting against nature, they show their tolerance and they hope to live in harmony with nature.Starbuck, the chief mate, is also tolerable because he is the first person bravely opposing Ahab’s vengean ce project and showing a pity for the whales. He utmostly takes exception to Ahab because he thinks that Ahab shouldn’t hate Moby Dick. In his mind, attacking the animals that lack of spiritualism is not allowed by the God. It hurts Ahab out of its natural instinct. It is very precious for Starbuck to keep the tolerant attitude in the self-centered human civilization. On the third day of chasing, Starbuck finds that crazy Ahab takes the ultra actions to kill Moby Dick without concerning any consequences. In the end, he is so intolerable that he shouts,“Ahab, stop and turn back. This is the third day, to desist. Moby Dick doesn’t seek you. It’s you to seek the white whale madly.”(Melville 2002: 465). At that time, he has clearly realized that he himself makes an unforgiven mistake to nature and he is the tool of Ahab’s invading nature. Although he does lots of wrong things before, now he knows that he should not destroy the balance between human beings and nature. His confession to nature adequately proves that his hu manity’s tolerance has persuaded him to give up his whaling actions.In the novel, Melville mainly wants to show the opinion: human beings can get along well with nature and they can keep a harmonious relationship with nature. But keeping the harmo nious relationship must be based on human beings’ tolerance to nature.4.2.3 Human beings’ suspicion and natureAttitude of human beings’ suspecting nature focuses on the human beings’ excessive confidence. They believe that the purpose of God’s creating h uman beings as the sapiential and creative creature is to permit them to dominate the whole world. Therefore when Ahab gets a chance to stop his plan on the way of chasing Moby Dick and go back, he gives up the chance and believes that he can defeat the white whale on the basis of his excessive confidence.When the Pequod chases the white whale, it meets with many whale catchers, who definitely warn and persuade the crew to cease their actions for Moby Dick thathas a preternatural power and will punish those people fighting against it. But Ahab still suspects the power of nature. To make his attitude clear, he relies on the radical utterance to beat the drum for human’s invincibility. He also takes full advantage of lure of the benefits to make the crew believe that nature is bound to be defeated. The suspecting attitude is based on the human beings’ self-centered thought.On the other hand, they suspect nature because they think that nature is savage, uncivilized and ignorant. With the development of science and technology, human beings’ civilization also develops endlessly. Therefore human’s mind changes frequently. In the beginning, human beings adore nature with awe. They believe that nature creates all the creatures and controls the whole world. However, nowadays, human’s mind has swelled crazily. They believe that nature may be defeated and conquered. Meanwhile, human beings not only get access to nature but also can change it. The crankiness departs from the original orbit and shows one side of lacking of sense and conscience.After human beings’ suspicion to nature appears, they have a strong desire to conquer nature. When human begin to take the destructive actions to nature, nature also resists human’s invasion. To defeat the white whale, Ahab insist s on making his evil plan. In the end, nature becomes angry so that the ship sinks and all the crew are killed except for Ishmael. In fact, nature’s power is so great that human cannot manage to defeat it. Human’s attitude to nature determines nature’s att itude to human beings. So human will be punished by nature if they make suspicion to nature and start conquering nature.4.3 Factors influencing the relationshipThere are three factors influencing the relationship: first, to get economic benefits, human beings hold out their evil hands to raven nature, which is reflected in the selfish desire of human beings. Therefore, in the whale fishery, human beings have the same idea: in order to cut down the whale’s head, dissect the whale’s abdomen, peel the whale and scoop the whale oil, they are willing to spend much money and time in preparing the ships, purchasing the equipment and employing the crew without complaining. But human beings’ rapacity is endless. Nature begins to counterattack. For instance, the inv aders’ ships are broken. The invaders themselves are also punished by nature.Second, when human beings are punished by nature, disequilibrium of their inner mind will cause them to assault nature again and again. Therefore the inconsistent relationship between nature and human beings will last forever.Third, human beings have realized that the harmonious relationship between human and nature comes from human’s tolerance. If human really stop to invadenature, they will not be revenged by nature and get along well with nature.5. ConclusionMoby-Dick, as a predictive fiction with romantic color and modern spirit, becomes a terrace of Melville’s caring and expressing the relationsh ip between human beings and nature. Facing the fierce battle between them, nobody can get benefits. People want to conquer nature relying on the swelling self-awareness. Nature doesn’t surrender to human beings but retaliates upon them for justice. Therefore, human beings must control their desire sanely and make the self-reflection. So long as keeping a tolerant mind, human beings will live in harmony with nature.Bibliography[1] Brodhead, Richard H. New essays on Moby-Dick [M]. Beijing: Peking University Press,2007.[2] Levine, Robert. Herman Melville [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language EducationPress, 2005.[3] Melville, Herman. Moby-Dick [M]. London: Wordsworth Editions Limited Corporation，2002.[4] Roberts, James L. Notes On Moby –Dick [M]. Washington D. C.: Lincoln Nebraska Press,1966.[5] Wang Ling, Tian Li. Selected Readings In American Literature[M]. Shanghai: ShanghaiCommunication University Press, 2004.[6] 陈秋红.《白鲸》象征意义的文化阐释[J]. 外国文学研究, 1997,(2): 96-99.[7] 荆晶. 敬畏生命—生态批评下视域的《白鲸》[J]. 比较文学与世界文学研究, 2007,(3):140-142.[8] 田芳. 梅尔维尔眼中的人与自然[J]. 天津市经理学院学报,2005,(2): 95-96.[9] 王诺. 欧美生态文学[M]. 北京：北京大学出版社，2003.[10] 汪义群. 论《白鲸》中的人道主义思想[J]. 外国文学研究,1991,(4): 45-49.[11] 杨东. 谈《白鲸》中象征手法的应用[J]. 黑龙江教育学院学报, 2006,(3): 95-96.AcknowledgementsAt the point of finishing this paper, I’d like to express my profound thanks to those who have lent me hands in the course of my writing this paper. First of all, I'd like to take this opportunity to show my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Mr. Gao, who has given me the valuable suggestion on my writing. From the bottom of my heart, I appreciate that he teaches me the writ ing skills. Secondly, I’d like to express my gratitude to my classmates who offer me references and information on time. I’d like to thank those leaders, teachers and working staff in my University and especially those in the School of Foreign Languages. Without their help, it would be much harder for me to finish my study and this paper.。
《白鲸记》
白鲸记介绍《白鲸记》（Moby-Dick）是一部由美国作家赫尔曼·梅尔维尔于1851年出版的经典小说。
这部小说以19世纪捕鲸业为背景，讲述了主人公艾哈布船长与那只臭名昭著的大白鲸之间的斗争。
概要《白鲸记》被广泛认为是世界文学史上最重要的小说之一。
它不仅描绘了捕鲸业的残酷和危险，还通过各种象征、隐喻和哲思，探索了人类存在与宿命、天性与文明、个体和整体之间的关系。
小说以第一人称叙事形式展开，主人公艾哈布船长被描述为一个热衷于追逐那只巨大的白色怪物——大白鲸。
他带领着他的船员们在无边际的海洋中寻找并迎战这只臭名昭著的敌人。
整个故事充满了冒险、紧张和战斗。
艾哈布船长以自己矫枉过正、执着到疯狂的方式追捕大白鲸，这导致了他自己和整支船队的毁灭。
主题人性与命运《白鲸记》通过艾哈布船长的追逐和战斗描绘了人类的欲望、野心和冷峭决心。
小说探讨了人们对命运的挑战以及深入探索内心黑暗面所带来的后果。
自然与文明捕鲸业是一个充满危险和残酷的行业，它展示了自然界中生存和死亡之间的关系。
小说中，海洋象征着不受限制的自然力量，而人类则代表着文明世界。
《白鲸记》触及了这两者之间的冲突和平衡。
孤独与社会小说中每个角色都有自己独特的目标和动机，但最终他们都必须在社会中相互依赖、合作以实现共同目标。
然而，在孤独与个体主义之间存在潜在的紧张关系。
影响与传承《白鲸记》在出版后并未受到广泛的欢迎，但随着时间的推移，它逐渐被认为是一部文学杰作。
作品中独特的叙事风格、深层次的象征主义以及对人性和原始力量的思考使其成为一个经典。
许多后来的作家都受到《白鲸记》的影响，例如托马斯·曼、弗朗茨·卡夫卡和威廉·福克纳等。
它不仅在文学领域产生了重大影响，也在解读和理解人类存在与命运之间关系的问题上提供了无尽的思考。
总结《白鲸记》是一部引人入胜、充满哲学思考和象征意味的小说。
通过艾哈布船长与大白鲸之间的斗争以及其他角色们各自追求与折磨之间的冲突，《白鲸记》探索了人类内心深处的复杂性和对命运的挑战。
《白鲸记》主要角色象征意义解读
摘要：《白鲸》是美国十九世纪著名作家赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的经典巨著，被公认为世界上最具象征意义的小说之一。
作者寓事于理,寄托深意，透射深刻哲理,平叙中揭示人生真谛，展现了作者对人类文明和命运的独特反思。
文章分析了作品中主要角色白鲸莫比·迪克、船长亚哈伯和捕鲸船裴廓德的象征意义。
捕鲸船裴廓德象征人类生存的舞台;象征执著探寻自然界奥秘的美国精神;象征着人类敌视自然的必然命运;象征着灭亡;船长亚哈伯既是人类本质中邪恶的象征，又是人类反抗命运的象征;白鲸莫比·迪克是庞大的资本主义生产方式和大自然的象征,而它的白色象征了纯洁和无辜。
对作品中主要角色象征意义的探析，有助于映现作品高超的艺术特征与美学价值，揭示其深刻的主题：人类应该尊重自然、探索了解自然，敌对、反抗自然必将导致灭亡。
关键词：白鲸；主要角色；象征意义一、引言《白鲸》(MOBY DICK)是美国十九世纪著名作家赫尔曼·麦尔维尔(Herman Melville,1819-1891)的代表作,是美国文学史上一部经典巨著，被公认为世界上最具象征意义的小说之一。
故事描述的是一场人同自然和命运相抗争的恶梦：亚哈伯(Ahab)船长指挥的裴廓德(Pequod)捕鲸船远航追杀白鲸莫比·迪克，最后船毁人亡、同归于尽。
作者寓事于理,寄托深意，透射深刻哲理,平叙中揭示人生真谛，展现了作家对人类文明和命运的独特反思。
文章分析了作品中的主要角色白鲸莫比·迪克、船长亚哈伯和捕鲸船裴廓德的象征意义。
捕鲸船裴廓德的象征意义非常丰富。
它代表人类生存的舞台;象征执著探寻自然界奥秘的美国精神;代表原始文化的一叶方舟;象征基督教对其他“落后”文化的统治之地;又由于裴廓德取自被灭绝的美国土著印第安部落之名,因而它还象征人类的邪恶世界必遭毁灭的命运。
裴廓德的船名本身就象征着灭亡;全体船员的最终灭亡,象征着人类敌视自然的必然命运;然而,小说中更为隐秘微妙的复杂象征主要体现在白鲸莫比·迪克和船长亚哈伯这两个形象身上。
moby dick的评价追求真理和知识
moby dick的评价追求真理和知识
《moby dick》翻译成中文叫做《白鲸》，是美国著名作家梅尔维尔的长篇小说，其创作于1851年。
它描写的是一位捕鲸船长，在海
上捕鱼时，不慎被白鲸咬掉了一条腿，他发誓要找到白鲸。
船长航行了几乎整个世界，历尽千辛万苦，终于找到了白鲸。
于是，船长命令船员们靠近白鲸叉死它，船员明知九死一生但不得不服从船长的命令，他们叉中了白鲸，受伤的白鲸凶狠地冲向他们的鱼船，鱼船被撞得粉碎，船上的人除一人死里逃生外，都与白鲸同归于尽了。
这部小说不仅是一个惊险刺激的故事，作者立志要把它写成一部百科全书式的巨著，而他也确实做到了。
不仅让人们知晓了白鲸这种巨大生物的存在，而且还被写成一种强大可怕的、对人怀有敌意又难以制服的怪物。
很多人评价它是人类难以摆脱并深受其害的人间罪恶的象征。
小说描写了捕鲸的艰难和捕鲸工人的智慧和勇敢，很有现实意义，有浓重的象征意味和神秘色彩。
而且作品中的叙述者伊史玛利，逃离他的生活环境, 登上了裴考德号, 希望找到一种令他感到快乐和充实的真正的生活。
这次航海本身象征着一种追寻和发现, 是对人类生活最终真理的追求。
在航海的过程中, 他逐步认识到了爱和友谊的价值，他学会了接受, 学会了更多的关于奋斗和勇敢的知识，而作者认为正是人类生存的保证。
种种冒险的经历，转变了他对人性和生活的看法，看到了生命的价值。
所以这次航海象征着伊史玛利对知识和生活价值的一种追求, 也是那
个时代美国人对于生活真理的追求，以及对于新梦想的寻求。
mobydick人物分析
亚哈船长在故事中曾经向皮阔 德夫人表白，但她拒绝了他。
皮阔德夫人对亚哈船长的复仇 计划持有反对意见，认为这是 不道德和疯狂的。
尽管皮阔德夫人拒绝了亚哈船 长的爱情，但她仍然关心他的 命运，并试图劝阻他放弃复仇 计划。
皮阔德夫人ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้魁魁格的关系
皮阔德夫人是魁魁格的朋友和保护者。
魁魁格在故事中曾经向皮阔德夫人求婚，但她拒绝了他。
皮阔德夫人的善良与坚韧
总结词
皮阔德夫人是小说中的女性角色，她善良、坚韧，为故事增添了温情和力量。
详细描述
皮阔德夫人虽然身处男性主导的世界，但她的善良和坚韧精神使她成为一股不可忽视的力量。她不仅关心船员们 的身体健康，还在精神上给予他们支持。在面对困境时，她始终保持乐观的心态，用自己的力量鼓舞着周围的人。
Moby Dick作为自然界的力量 ，与人类形成了一种对立关系 。故事中的人物对待白鲸的态 度和行为，反映了人类对自然 界的认知和态度，引发了对人 与自然关系的深刻思考。
感谢您的观看
THANKS
尽管皮阔德夫人拒绝了魁魁格的爱情，但她仍然关心他的命运，并试图帮助他摆脱 困境。
魁魁格与伊萨克·斯奈德的关系
01
伊萨克·斯奈德是魁魁格的朋友和保护者。
02
魁魁格在故事中曾经向伊萨克·斯奈德求助，希望他能帮助自己
摆脱困境。
伊萨克·斯奈德尽力帮助魁魁格，并试图劝阻他不要参与亚哈船
03
长的复仇计划。
05
船员与其他人物的 关系
Ishmael与Ahab的关系是叙述 者和主角的关系。Ishmael通 过观察和叙述Ahab的故事，展 现了人类对自然界的复杂情感 。
船员与其他人物的关系展现了 团队协作与个人英雄主义之间 的冲突。在追捕白鲸的过程中 ，船员们既有合作也有分歧， 展现了人性的复杂性和多样性 。
白鲸象征意义赏析
Moby-Dick is a highly symbolic work, and is interesting in that it also addresses issues such as natural history. Other themes include obsession, religion, idealism versus pragmatism, revenge, racism, hierarchical relationships, and politics.SymbolismAll of the members of the Pequod's crew have biblical-sounding, improbable, or descriptive names, and the narrator deliberately avoids specifying the exact time of the events and some other similar details. These together suggest that the narrator—and not just Melville—is deliberately casting his tale in an epic and allegorical mode.The white whale itself, for example, has been read as symbolically representative of good and evil, as has Ahab. The white whale has also been seen as a metaphor for the elements of life that are out of our control, or God.[citation needed]The Pequod's quest to hunt down Moby-Dick itself is also widely viewed as allegorical. To Ahab, killing the whale becomes the ultimate goal in his life, and this observation can also be expanded allegorically so that the whale represents everyone's goals. Furthermore, his vengeance against the whale is analogous to man's struggle against fate. The only escape from Ahab's vision is seen through the Pequod's occasional encounters with other ships, called gams. Readers could consider what exactly Ahab will do if he, in fact, succeeds in his quest: having accomplished his ultimate goal, what else is there left for him to do? Similarly, Melville may be implying that people in general need something to reach for in life, or that such a goal can destroy one if allowed to overtake all other concerns. Some such things are hinted at early on in the book, when the main character, Ishmael, is sharing a cold bed with his newfound friend, Queequeg:... truely to enjoy bodily warmth, some small part of you must be cold, for there is no quality in this world that is not what it is merely by contrast. Nothing exists in itself. If you flatter yourself that you are all over comfortable, and have been so a long time, then you cannot be said to be comfortable any more.—Moby-Dick, Ch. 11Ahab's pipe is widely looked upon as the riddance of happiness in Ahab's life. By throwing the pipe overboard, Ahab signifies that he no longer can enjoy simple pleasures in life; instead, he dedicates his entire life to the pursuit of his obsession, the killing of the white whale, Moby-Dick.A number of biblical themes occur. The book contains multiple implic it and explicit allusions to the story of Jonah, in addition to the use of certain biblical names (see below).Ishmael's musings also allude to themes common among the American Transcendentalists and parallel certain themes in European Romanticism and the philosophy of Hegel. In the poetry of Whitman and the prose writings of Emerson and Thoreau, a ship at sea is sometimes a metaphor for the soul.《白鲸记》是一个极具象征意义的工作,而且很有趣,因为它还去自然历史等问题。
白鲸中的象征主义
论《白鲸》中的象征主义摘要：麦尔维尔（Herman Melville）是19世纪美国著名作家，《白鲸》Moby Di ck是他的代表作，也是美国乃至世界文学中的经典之作。
小说围绕捕杀白鲸这一主题展开，中间贯穿了大量的关于当时风土人情、航海捕鲸的描写。
自小说问世以来，出现了众多的分析和评论。
这部小说最显著的艺术特色是象征手法的运用。
本文将对书中各个角色及事务的象征意义进行简要分析。
关键词：《白鲸》；象征主义；圣经；莫比·迪克（Moby Dick）《白鲸》Moby Dick叙述了一位名叫亚哈 (Ahab)的捕鲸船船长率全体船员与捕鲸水手，追捕一条叫做莫比·迪克（Moby Dick）的白鲸的故事。
莫比·迪克是一个凶残狡猾的海中怪物。
亚哈 (Ahab)的一条腿就是被它吞噬掉的。
因此他决心捕杀白鲸，报仇雪恨。
捕鲸船在大海中日夜搜捕，经过三天的追踪，白鲸终于被鱼叉标枪所击中。
发狂的白鲸撞翻了渔船，船长亚哈 (Ahab)被鱼叉标枪上的绳索缠住，一起卷入海中，最后两败俱伤，船沉人亡，只有伊什梅尔（Ishmael）生还，向我们讲述这个悲壮的故事。
小说大量地运用了象征主义手法，其中的这许多人物景观几乎都具有多层次的象征意义。
如陆地和海洋，一方面，陆地象征着安闲舒适，海洋象征着凶险莫测；陆地代表着封闭自足，海洋则代表着冒险求知。
从另一个角度来看，陆地也象征着使人丧失精神生活的人类文明，而海洋则代表未受人类文明污染的原始文明的保留地。
“裴考德号（Peqoud）”捕鲸船的象征意义更为丰富:它代表人类生活的世界舞台；代表原始文化的一叶方舟；象征基督教对其他落后化的统治之地；所以它还可以象征邪恶的人类世界必遭毁灭的命运。
本文将从以下几个方面具体地加以探析。
一、白鲸莫比·迪克（Moby Dick）的象征意义莫比·迪克（MobyDick）是一条带有传奇色彩的白色巨鲸。
“异教徒水手”把它当成海怪，疯子迦百列把它当成真教神的化身，亚哈把它当作自己的仇敌，以什玛利则认为它代表着残酷的空虚和宇宙的浩阔。
《白鲸》的象征意义评析
摘要：麦尔维尔的《白鲸》之所以能够名垂青史，和它所具有的深邃的象征意义是分不开的。
本文试从人与自然的角度来探讨莫比·迪克的象征意义以及这部巨著在当下的社会意义，从而更加深刻地理解其深邃的意蕴。
人类只有尊重自然，合理地利用自然资源，与自然万物和谐共处，才能走出人类自身的生存困境。
关键词：白鲸；象征意义；自然；和谐如今，曾被埋没一时的19 世纪美国作家赫尔曼·麦尔维尔（Herman Melville, 1819-1891）受到了国内外学术界的广泛关注。
学术界一致认为他的《白鲸》（Moby-Dick; or,The Whale, 1851）是“最伟大的一部美国小说”。
进入21 世纪以来，对《白鲸》系统化研究的闸门开启，学者们开始从多种不同的角度来研究它，并且取得了一定的成就和进展。
对于《白鲸》的评析，可谓“仁者见仁，智者见智”，不过这部鸿篇巨制之所以能够名垂青史，和它所具有的深邃的象征意义是分不开的。
《白鲸》被认为是“美国想象力最辉煌的表达”。
麦尔维尔生动细致地描绘了壮观的捕鲸场面，挖掘了人物的内心思想，表达了他对哲学、社会、宗教、自然等问题的深刻而理性的思考。
麦尔维尔将象征手法运用到了极致，小说中的人物、情节、具体的意象全都蕴含着深邃的象征意义。
本文试从人与自然的角度来分析白鲸莫比·迪克的象征意义，从而传统里经常被提及，麦尔维尔在《白鲸》的开篇“选录”中列举了自古以来在文学作品中出现的鲸。
莫比·迪克是一条富有传奇色彩的白鲸，“一个雪白异常的、皱结的前额，和一个高高的、金字塔似的白色背峰，”①使它令捕鲸者万分恐惧。
它到底象征着什么，一直是学者们关注的热点话题。
小说中亚哈船长将它看作自己肉体上和精神上的仇敌；以实玛利则认为它是自然和宇宙神力的化身；异教徒水手把它当成海怪；疯子迦百列将它视为震教神的化身。
白鲸被学者们认为是世间一切“恶”的化身，或者是资本主义制度，又或者是大自然。
文学作品《白鲸》分析 Moby Dick
④But the whale rushed around in a sudden maelstrom; seized the swimmer between his jaws…and went down. (p208. para2 last three lines) ⑤Moby Dick rose again, with some tatters of Radney’s red wooden shirt, caught in…finally wholly disappeared. (p.209 para1 line3-5)
Emerson 's prose (p.140 para5)
1. highly individual (Line1) 2. polish each sentence into a striking thought (Line4) 3. the unit of thought is generally the sentence (Line6)
2. Moby-Dick --1). one of the Top Ten Literary Works in the world 2). The greatest Marine Legend Novel in the History of World Literature 3). Encyclopedia of Whaling
Moby Dick is an impersonal force, God, inscrutable(神秘的) and powerful.
②A very white, and famous, and most deadly immortal monster, Don;-but that would be too long a story.’ (p.207 para10)
赫尔曼《白鲸》阅读体会
赫尔曼《白鲸》阅读体会赫尔曼《白鲸》阅读体会1美国作家赫尔曼·梅尔维尔写的《白鲸》太精彩了，莫比·迪克是这条白鲸的名字，它很勇猛，曾经咬断过很多人的手脚，很多捕鲸船都想消灭它，但是都失败了。
书中讲了“裴廓德号”捕鲸船在大海上捕鲸，最后和白鲸莫比·迪克同归于尽的故事，情节非常的惊险、曲折、惊心动魄。
“裴廓德号”的船长名叫亚哈，他是一个瘸子，他的一条腿被白鲸给咬掉了。
为此，亚哈船长与莫比结下了仇，并且发誓杀掉莫比。
我觉得亚哈船长是一个疯狂的人，他们在追杀白鲸的中途，已经收获到了很多的鲸油，可是船长还是一意孤行，为了自己那个“杀死白鲸”的梦想断送了整条船上的人的性命。
亚哈是个英雄，但是当复仇的念头占据他的心灵的时候，却意味着毁灭。
我想，有时过度的执着会害了你自己。
我最佩服的人是标魁魁格，他是个小岛上的土著，脸上常被涂得红一块，紫一块的。
他出生高贵，他的父亲是酋长，叔叔是大祭司，母亲是一名英雄的女儿。
但他毅然放弃了安逸的生活，决心要去捕鲸。
但这时，船上人已满，他就独自一人划着一只小独木舟躲到一片密部的红树林和珊瑚礁的海峡里，这里是大船出海的必经之地，等到大船驶来时，他划着独木舟迅速地靠近大船，然后跳起来一把抓住船弦，扑上了甲板。
船长当即劝他回去，可他死也不肯。
即使船长抽出刀来威胁他，也没使他妥协。
船长只好安排他去做标，最终他成为了一名勇敢的捕鲸者。
这本书最激动人心的场景莫过于捕捉莫比·迪克。
我期盼着莫比·迪克的出现，但又害怕，因为它的出现意味着灭亡。
这头白色的妖怪撞碎了所有的小艇，把船头咬得稀巴烂，最后莫比·迪克带着标枪和佩德号同归于尽了。
人类是虚伪的，他们不惜一切代价弄到它想要的东西上，然而一个生命悄逝时，他们却又同情起被杀者了，有的甚至会感到很内疚。
赫尔曼《白鲸》阅读体会2最近，我读了赫尔曼·梅尔维尔写的一部小说，名字叫做《白鲸》，讲述的是船长亚哈在一次捕鲸过程中，被凶猛的白鲸莫比·迪克咬去了一条腿，从此心怀仇恨，竭尽全力搜索迪克的下落，最终相遇，他用鱼叉插中了迪克，迪克在愤怒中把“裴廓德号”咬沉了。
Moby-Dick白鲸解析
Moby-Dick白鲸解析Appreciation of Moby-DickAmerican epic: one of the world’s greatest masterpieces: an encyclopedia of everything,history, philosophy and religion etc.Shakespearean tragedy: man fighting against naturePlotCall Me Ishmael Ishmael, A thoughtful but gloomy young man, Ishmael begins his odyssey in New Bedford, Massachusetts, a prosperous whaling town and crossing point to the island of Nantucket(楠塔基特岛). Queequeg, a fierce-looking harpooner （叉鱼者）covered with tattoos（纹身）and carrying a tomahawk(美洲印第安人用的战斧)and a shrunken head. They sign the ship’s papers, but on their way back to the inn to get their belongings, they meet Elijah(以利亚), a shabbily dressed old man who haunts the docks.Elijah hints at the dangers to come and warns the two not to get involved with the vengeful captain. The Quest The Pequod leaves Nantucket on Christmas day headed for the whaling grounds in the Pacific. Captain Ahab remains in his cabin for several days, while the crew accustoms itself to life at sea. When Ahab does emerge, his appearance startles Ishmael.A long, white scar runs down Ahab's face, and he walks on an artificial leg made of whalebone. Soon he calls the entire crew together and informs them that their voyage will be no ordinary whaling cruise. Ahab has returned to sea with the sole purpose of finding and killing the whale that took his leg on the previous voyage. He offers a sixteen-dollar gold piece to the first man who spots the whitewhale, Moby-Dick, and drink to the death of the whale.The ChaseCaptain Ahab●“a grand, ungodly, godlike man,”●two things about Ahab, captain of the Pequod in Moby-Dick:●Ahab was orphaned when he was twelve months old,●one of his legs was lost as a r esult of his most recent whaling voyage.●The wound is so fresh that the stump（残肢）is still bleeding. Ahab does not make aproper appearance in the book until Chapter 28. The long delay in Ahab's involvement in the action of the novel helps to build him up as a grand figure, the major tragic character Melville wants his readers to see.Ishmael(以实玛利)narrator. A rootless individual, brought up as a good ChristianWanderer disinherited and dismissed from his home in favor of his half brother Isaac(以撒). outcast, drifter, no family, no last name. ran away from society to nature. His running away symbolizes human being's departure from Eden.Then after the experience on the sea, he wished to return to the land.He believed God not to be conquered, survivedWhiteman who considers Indians as equal and should share brotherly love. (Queequeg’scoffin)Queequega highborn native of an uncharted south-seas island. His father was a High Chief, and hisuncle a High Priest. Queequeg is covered in tattoos(文身)and worships pagan gods, including a small black idol, Yojo.But the real point about Queequeg is his friendliness. He and Ishmael strike up an instantcomradeship.Themes1.Individual Vs. Nature2.(Ahab) versus Nature (symbolized by Moby-Dick）3.Tragic hero\noble4.Tragedy of man: revenge on nature5.Anyone who wants to revenge will be defeatedGod and Religionreligion and God's role in the natural world. westward.God and man, who is the controllerNature and man (Newton: man can study\examine nature) SymbolsSymbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas orconcepts.voyage- "search and discovery, the search for the ultimate truth of experience."the Pequod -the ship of the American soulMoby Dick---a symbol of good and evilits whiteness--- paradoxical colorThe PequodNamed after a Native American tribe in Massachusettsdid not long survive the arrival of white men and thus turned to be an extinctionthe Pequod is a symbol of doom.It is painted a gloomy black and covered in whale teeth and bones, --violent death. It is,in fact, marked for death. Adorned (decorate) like a primitive coffin, the Pequod becomes one.American dream :Ishmael thought he found dream and freedom in it.Others sacrifices for the whiteMoby DickTo the Pequod's crewAn unknown God whose whiteness represents goodness and tranquility, evil and violence.Ahab : Moby Dick is a manifestation of all that is wrong with the world, and he feels thatit is his destiny to erase this symbolic evil.it represents the destruction of the environment by expansion and exploitation in the 19thFor the author and the readers, Ishmael, it is a mystery of the universeQueequeg's CoffinQueequeg‘s coffin alternately symbolizes life and death.Queequeg has it built when he is seriously ill, but when he recovers, it becomes a chestto hold his belongings and an mark of his will to live. He make the knowledge tattooed on his body last forever, by carving it onto the coffin’s lid.The coffin further comes to symbolize life, in a morbid way, when it replaces thePequod…s life buoy（救生衣）. When the Pequod sinks, the coffin becomes Ishmael's buoy, saving not only his life but thelife of the narrative that he will pass on.The novel can be understood from three levels1. It is a novel of journey and whale catching.2. It is a conflict between Captain Ahab and Moby Dick.3.It is a story of Ishmael, his thought about human body’s ego realization, therelationship between man and nature, man and God, man and man, etc.Melville’s views of lifea. negative attitude towards life.b. One of the major themes of his is alienation （far away from each other.c. Other themes: loneliness, suicidal individualism (individualism causing disaster and death）, rejection and quest, confrontation of innocence and evil, doubts over the comforting 19th-century idea of progressMelville’s contr ibution to American literature and features Autobiographical elements, Moby-Dick for instance SymbolismAhab Moby dick AND Sea whiteness Pequod VoyageThe style of MelvilleThere is a threefold quality in his writing; the style of fact, the style of oratory celebratingthe fact, and the style of meditation.His style is highly symbolic and metaphorical. The novel has many non-narrative chapters,and this is how Melville changed an adventure story into a philosophical novel.He used the technique of multiple views to achieve the effect of ambiguity.Melville manages to achieve the effect of ambiguity through employing thetechnique of multiple view of his narratives.O Captain My CaptainO Captain my Captain! our fearful trip is done,The ship has weathered every rack（刑架）, the prize we sought is won,The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;But O heart! heart! heart!O the bleeding drops of red,Where on the deck my Captain lies,Fallen cold and dead.O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;Rise up--for you the flag is flung for you the bugle trills,For you bouquets and ribboned wreaths for you the shores a-crowding,For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;Here Captain! dear father!This arm beneath your head!It is some dream that on the deck,You've fallen cold and dead.My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still;My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;The ship is anchored safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;Exult O shores, and ring O bells!But I, with mournful tread,Walk the deck my Captain lies,Fallen cold and dead.。
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Appreciation of Moby-Dick⏹American epic: one of the world’s greatest masterpieces: an encyclopedia of everything,history, philosophy and religion etc.⏹Shakespearean tragedy: man fighting against naturePlotCall Me Ishmael Ishmael, A thoughtful but gloomy young man, Ishmael begins his odyssey in New Bedford, Massachusetts, a prosperous whaling town and crossing point to the island of Nantucket(楠塔基特岛). Queequeg, a fierce-looking harpooner（叉鱼者）covered with tattoos（纹身）and carrying a tomahawk(美洲印第安人用的战斧)and a shrunken head. They sign the ship’s papers, but on their way back to the inn to get their belongings, they meet Elijah(以利亚), a shabbily dressed old man who haunts the docks.Elijah hints at the dangers to come and warns the two not to get involved with the vengeful captain. The Quest The Pequod leaves Nantucket on Christmas day headed for the whaling grounds in the Pacific. Captain Ahab remains in his cabin for several days, while the crew accustoms itself to life at sea. When Ahab does emerge, his appearance startles Ishmael.A long, white scar runs down Ahab's face, and he walks on an artificial leg made of whalebone. Soon he calls the entire crew together and informs them that their voyage will be no ordinary whaling cruise. Ahab has returned to sea with the sole purpose of finding and killing the whale that took his leg on the previous voyage. He offers a sixteen-dollar gold piece to the first man who spots the white whale, Moby-Dick, and drink to the death of the whale.The ChaseCaptain Ahab●“a grand, ungodly, godlike man,”●two things about Ahab, captain of the Pequod in Moby-Dick:●Ahab was orphaned when he was twelve months old,●one of his legs was lost as a result of his most recent whaling voyage.●The wound is so fresh that the stump（残肢）is still bleeding. Ahab does not make aproper appearance in the book until Chapter 28. The long delay in Ahab's involvement in the action of the novel helps to build him up as a grand figure, the major tragic character Melville wants his readers to see.Ishmael(以实玛利)⏹narrator. A rootless individual, brought up as a good Christian⏹Wanderer disinherited and dismissed from his home in favor of his half brother Isaac(以撒). outcast, drifter, no family, no last name. ran away from society to nature. His running away symbolizes human being's departure from Eden.⏹Then after the experience on the sea, he wished to return to the land.⏹He believed God not to be conquered, survived⏹Whiteman who considers Indians as equal and should share brotherly love. (Queequeg’scoffin)Queequeg⏹ a highborn native of an uncharted south-seas island. His father was a High Chief, and hisuncle a High Priest. Queequeg is covered in tattoos(文身)and worships pagan gods, including a small black idol, Yojo.⏹But the real point about Queequeg is his friendliness. He and Ishmael strike up an instantcomradeship.Themes1.Individual Vs. Nature2.(Ahab) versus Nature (symbolized by Moby-Dick）3.Tragic hero\noble4.Tragedy of man: revenge on nature5.Anyone who wants to revenge will be defeatedGod and Religion⏹religion and God's role in the natural world. westward.⏹God and man, who is the controller⏹Nature and man (Newton: man can study\examine nature)Symbols⏹Symbols are objects, characters, figures, or colors used to represent abstract ideas orconcepts.voyage- "search and discovery, the search for the ultimate truth of experience."the Pequod -the ship of the American soulMoby Dick---a symbol of good and evilits whiteness--- paradoxical colorThe Pequod⏹Named after a Native American tribe in Massachusetts⏹did not long survive the arrival of white men and thus turned to be an extinction⏹the Pequod is a symbol of doom.⏹It is painted a gloomy black and covered in whale teeth and bones, --violent death. It is,in fact, marked for death. Adorned (decorate) like a primitive coffin, the Pequod becomes one.⏹American dream :Ishmael thought he found dream and freedom in it.⏹Others sacrifices for the whiteMoby Dick⏹To the Pequod's crew⏹An unknown God whose whiteness represents goodness and tranquility, evil and violence.⏹Ahab : Moby Dick is a manifestation of all that is wrong with the world, and he feels thatit is his destiny to erase this symbolic evil.⏹it represents the destruction of the environment by expansion and exploitation in the 19th⏹For the author and the readers, Ishmael, it is a mystery of the universeQueequeg's Coffin⏹Queequeg‘s coffin alternately symbolizes life and death.⏹Queequeg has it built when he is seriously ill, but when he recovers, it becomes a chestto hold his belongings and an mark of his will to live. He make the knowledge tattooed on his body last forever, by carving it onto the coffin’s lid.⏹The coffin further comes to symbolize life, in a morbid way, when it replaces thePequod…s life buoy（救生衣）. When the Pequod sinks, the coffin becomes Ishmael's buoy, saving not only his life but the life of the narrative that he will pass on.The novel can be understood from three levels⏹ 1. It is a novel of journey and whale catching.⏹ 2. It is a conflict between Captain Ahab and Moby Dick.⏹ 3.It is a story of Ishmael, his thought about human body’s ego realization, therelationship between man and nature, man and God, man and man, etc.Melville’s views of lifea. negative attitude towards life.b. One of the major themes of his is alienation （far away from each other.c. Other themes: loneliness, suicidal individualism (individualism causing disaster and death）, rejection and quest, confrontation of innocence and evil, doubts over the comforting 19th-century idea of progressMelville’s contr ibution to American literature and featuresAutobiographical elements, Moby-Dick for instance SymbolismAhab Moby dick AND Sea whiteness Pequod VoyageThe style of Melville⏹There is a threefold quality in his writing; the style of fact, the style of oratory celebratingthe fact, and the style of meditation.⏹His style is highly symbolic and metaphorical. The novel has many non-narrative chapters,and this is how Melville changed an adventure story into a philosophical novel.⏹He used the technique of multiple views to achieve the effect of ambiguity.⏹Melville manages to achieve the effect of ambiguity through employing thetechnique of multiple view of his narratives.O Captain My CaptainO Captain my Captain! our fearful trip is done,The ship has weathered every rack（刑架）, the prize we sought is won,The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring;But O heart! heart! heart!O the bleeding drops of red,Where on the deck my Captain lies,Fallen cold and dead.O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;Rise up--for you the flag is flung for you the bugle trills,For you bouquets and ribboned wreaths for you the shores a-crowding,For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;Here Captain! dear father!This arm beneath your head!It is some dream that on the deck,You've fallen cold and dead.My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still;My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;The ship is anchored safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won;Exult O shores, and ring O bells!But I, with mournful tread,Walk the deck my Captain lies,Fallen cold and dead.。