中美家庭价值观差异-翻译
中美家庭之间的差异英语作文
中美家庭之间的差异英语作文English:In general, there are several differences between Chinese and American families. One of the main differences lies in the structure of the family. Traditional Chinese families tend to have a more hierarchical structure with clear roles and responsibilities for each family member based on age and seniority. In contrast, American families tend to have a more egalitarian structure, with family members having more equal rights, responsibilities, and decision-making power. Another difference lies in the concept of independence. Chinese families often emphasize the importance of interdependence and the collective well-being, while American families tend to place a greater emphasis on individualism and independence. Additionally, the approach to education and parenting differs between the two cultures. Chinese parents often place a strong emphasis on academic success and may have high expectations for their children, while American parents often prioritize the development of their children's creativity, critical thinking skills, and independence.中文翻译:总的来说，中美家庭之间存在几个不同之处。
中美家庭价值观对比-英文版
Differences of Family Values Between China and AmericaAbstract :This paper tries to make a comparison of different family values between China and US, which appeared in many fields, for instance, the American emphasis the individualism but Chinese focus on the collectivism, the relationship between family members and their attitudes to each other are also quite different,the life style influenced by family values are varied. Reasons for these differences are complex, including different customs, cultures and social backgrounds and so on.Key words: family values, life styles, cultures, differences.Ⅰ.IntroductionFamily is the most basic unit of all human society. It reflects the ethical values of a society, its cultural characteristics and the unique features of a nation. People begin to learn anything about the world and their culture through the family they are brought up in. What you think, how you act, even your language, are all transmitted through the family from the wider cultural context.Family values are the core in the research of cultural values, and it has a huge influence on people’s thoughts and behaviors. So if we want to get a glimpse of the cultures of two different countries, it is necessary to know their different family values. In this paper we will analyze family values from different aspects, including the decisive family values, the attitude to the family members and their relationships, and the influences of family values.Ⅱ.The differences of family values.A.The individualism VS. the collectivismThe American emphasize the personal independence, while Chinese emphasize on the whole family, not any individual member. Children in America have more freedom than that in China. Their parents rarely interfere with their private affairs, and usually try to enhance children’s all-around abilities when they are young. Theyhandle their own affairs themselves and try to get support from their colleagues or experts who work in the relevant field, and their family members only give suggestions to them. The key point of its society is freedom. Obviously, we Chinese pay more attention to the interest of whole family than that of any individual’s. In China, children usually live with their parents even after they are grown-up, since Chinese people want a more united family and closer relationship between family members. The living style in China is different compared with that in America. Chinese people like to live with their parents and they think this kind of living style may help them have more opportunity to understand other family members. This kind of living style can narrow the gap between family members and when anybody faces with a problem, the others can help him effectively and efficiently. The living style also reflects that Chinese people mainly emphasize the whole family but not the individuals, which is quite different from Americans.B.The attitude to the family members and their relationships in China andAmerica.Chinese people have a big family with variety of relatives, which may be easy to cause competition and suspicion. So in order to maintain order and family harmony, they particularly advocate showing respect to their seniority in the light of the theory of law and discipline rite of Confucius. And 'Act you role well' is the key to a harmonious family relationship. All the family members should be ranked strictly and according to their position in the family hierarchy they would be treated separately and be required to do what they should do. So in traditional Chinese family, the elder is highly respected. Parents bring up their children, then after parents are getting old, it is their children’s responsibility and duty to care for them and give them both material and spiritual support. In the traditional Chinese family, father was always the centre. It is not because the feudal concept that man is superior to woman, but also for what man has earned is the main source of family’s incoming and usually man earns more money than woman. And woman is responsible for the family house working. Though most household affairs are solved and decided by mother, the most important thing related to the whole family are determined by father. Between parents andchildren, parents are given more privilege and right to control their children. To most Chinese parents, a good child means to be obedient and docile. It is normal for parents to arrange everything for their children.To Americans, it is normal that parents and children are separate; reunion is abnormal. Parents bring up children and the children continue to raise the offspring, so the aged is expelled to the society. For the attitude to bring up the children, American parents consider that they have the legal liability, but in a sense, the children should take responsibility for their behaviors. Americans sniff at the concept of filial piety and think it restrains their self-awareness and ego-development. Parents and their children don't need dependency relationship. In contrast, they should establish a kind of allowance system so as to instill the basic concept of self-dignity and self-love into their children. As a result, although children would be grateful for their parents' favors, they do not think they have the obligation to pay back. In America, if the parents still live together with their adult children, they should pay board wages and accommodation fee to children. And the same to their adult children who still live with their parents.The primary purpose of an American family is to advance the happiness, the equality and the freedom of every family member. Americans praise self-centered and deal with the family members and family affairs rationally. For the sake of themselves, they deem that family should make sacrifice. Family’s honor and unity are less important than that in Chinese society. In an American family, the democratic idea of equality is prevalent. Father and mother have equal right to make decision on family affairs and their children are given right to vote.C. Comparison of life style influenced by family values1. Different Financial StyleIn China，family members are financially dependent，that is to say all of the family members should help each other，especially when he or she meets the financial problems，which seems that people have the responsibility for helping their family members to overcome the difficulties. During the daily life，children should take care of their old parents financially even parents have the possibility to rely onthemselves. In America, family members are financially independent. Americans appreciate the individuality which requires them at first to get an independent financial freedom. That means they do not rely on their parents or family members when they grow up. Sometimes American thinks it is a kind of shame to be supported by their kind red members. That is the reason why in the case the father and the son felt at ease when they bought tickets for each other.2. Different Life StyleIn China , a stable life style is much appreciated by people. As it has already been discussed above, the strong family tie in China has been taken its shape for thousand years long. Family members and relatives prefer to live together in terms of convenience which could reflect the Chinese “guanxi” vividly. Even after the implementation of Open Policy from 1980s，though the traditional lifestyle is influences a lot，people still want to live as close as possible to their family members，relatives and friends. However，in America，there is no such a strong family tie as same as that in China，therefore，their life style are very mobile. Meanwhile, this life style is also influenced by their personal values, such as self-reliance，hard work，and a tie between achieving success in life，personal achievement etc，which encourage Americans to work all of the world for achieving their career goals and success.3. Different Public FestivalsThere are several festivals which come of family unity in Chinese official holidays, such as Spring Festival，Tomb–sweeping Day, Qixi Jie and Mid-autumn Festival. The most important festival is the Spring Festival existing in the history for almost over 2000 years long. During this festival, all family and relatives get together, which is the very precious chance for people to enlarge and strengthen family ties. In America，Chiristmas Day，Hallow-mas，Saint Valentine's Day，Thanksgiving Day are the most important holidays coming of Christianity. The most significant festival is the Christmas Day. Before the festival，all Americans also come back from their works for this big day；however，this festival is much more religious for the family members even though they do have the activities of family reunion.Ⅲ. ConclusionThe cultural differences between China and America are reflected in almost all aspects of family life. The present study focuses on various major aspects，such as the different family decisive values，different family relationship and attitudes, and influences caused by family values. It’s not just simply listing some phenomena and analyzing the cultural explanation . The intention of the study is to promote a better understanding between Chinese and American people by comparing the family values. We would like to say if we want to live peacefully and harmoniously under the same roof，the best thing we must do is to make an understanding between Chinese people and American people. Meanwhile，a good understanding of the difference will surely facilitate the cross-cultural communication of two peoples.【References】[1] HALL, E, F. The Hidden Dimension[M]. New York:double-day. 1996.[2] Stanley, Haverwas. A Community of Character[M]. Cam-bridge, 1984.。
翻译 中美价值观对比 3000字
附录一：中文译文（Chinese Translation）:中美价值观对比郭阳著，XX 译转引我们知道，世界上每个国家都有自己的法律规章来确保社会的正常运行，而生活在社会制度中的人们也受这些条规的制约。
然而法律规章并不是社会体系形成的唯一因素，价值观也同样推进社会体系的完善。
虽然有的价值观是我们普遍认同的，如勤劳工作，诚实，忠诚等，但由于人们成长的环境不同，每个国家都形成了不同于其他国家的独有价值观，如中国和美国。
他们都称颂善良，诚实，勤劳等，然而他们也有很多不同点。
首先，个人主义美国人都比较独立。
美国的父母很少强迫自己的孩子去做什么，而更偏向于让他们自行发展。
反之，这种教育态度在中国看来是很不服责任的。
而且美国的孩子会选择与父母分开住，而在中国则通常与父母甚至加上祖父祖母一起住在一个大家庭。
其二，个人隐私权美国人通常都很尊重他人隐私权。
即使是朋友之间也很少问一些“私人问题”，如年龄，工资，婚姻状况等。
当中国人在一起聊天时，通常会谈及到对方的个人信息，这在美国人看来是很不礼貌的。
其三，不注重形式美国人不仅在穿着和休闲是都很随意，即便是在与长者或是身份高贵的人在一起交谈时也不拘礼数的。
反之，中国人却很注重礼节。
我们宣扬互相尊重，尊老爱幼。
如果我们对父母或是老师直呼其名而不是其敬称时，便是不礼貌没大没小的。
其四，喜欢展望未来由于中国有光辉且令人羡慕的历史，中国的领导人在大会上都会滔滔不绝地讲述这过去几年来取得的成就。
而这在美国是极少见的，他们喜欢展望未来。
在美国，人们不会满足与他们现有的所得，而是继续向前奋斗。
无论未来如何，他们都会欣然面对。
既然中美有这些不同的价值观，我们需了解它们的优缺点。
取其精华，去其糟粕，以帮助我们更好地做人。
美国人的基本价值观和假想观美国的文化与其他国家有什么不同呢？要解答这个问题我们需要了解美国人持有什么样的价值观和假想观。
人们在成长的过程中逐渐形成了自己的价值观和假想观，并将影响和贯穿人们一生。
中美家庭观对比概要(英汉对照)
中美家庭观对比概要Lorand B. Szalay赵丽译家庭形象。
美国人对家庭形象的理解体现于人们的归属感，其中包括扮演个体角色（例如，母亲、父亲），及受到爱与友情约束的人们。
对其而言，家庭是生活准则，是家，是受其潜质评判以满足个体、心理及物质需求的社会环境。
而中国人认为，家庭更像是一个群体，服务于人们的共同目的和共享目标。
中国人更注重教育目标及孩子的培养方案，从而使孩子能够维持适当的人际关系。
中国人尤为强调和谐与相互间的责任。
与群体期望相比，个体成员的个人渴望通常不受重视。
就此方面，大陆人与美国人最为不同。
而台湾人更为西化，与美国人的观点也更为相似，对个体情感、差异和冲突更为重视。
家庭成员。
美国人倾向于关心个体角色，例如，母亲、父亲、女儿与儿子。
而中国人，尤其是台湾人，从更广泛的集体范围，而非个体角色方面关心家庭成员。
例如，中国人倾向于考虑父母，而非父亲或母亲，考虑兄弟姐妹，而非哥哥、弟弟或姐姐、妹妹。
美国人和中国人都极为赞同亲戚包括姑母、叔父、堂兄妹等。
然而，其显著区别在于美国人视家长（父亲、母亲）和孩子也为亲戚，而中国人却很少如此提及。
而且，谈及朋友和同学时，中国人视其同为亲戚，但很少视为“家人”。
大陆人和台湾人关心与亲戚温暖、亲密的人际关系，并愿与其分享。
另一方面，美国人更加在意偶尔拜访和团圆。
中美主要差异之一是中国大陆具有更强的责任感。
台湾人却对此忧喜参半，表现出否决和疏远的批判性态度和情感。
大陆人高度尊敬应对亲戚履行的责任和义务，并对此持有积极态度。
相反，美国人对亲戚的态度是以个体和谐为特征，而个体和谐又是以个人情感，而非普遍义务为基础。
与其维持和谐关系的亲戚，美国人能感受到爱与友情。
事实上，在美国，人们并没有关系不和谐的亲戚。
但是，即使对其相爱并视为朋友的亲戚，美国人也无义务可言。
然而，对大陆人而言，此种对亲戚的普遍义务得到了广泛接受。
而对台湾人来讲，他们不仅能感受到此种义务，并且经常对其怀有憎恶感。
中美家庭价值观
Sino-Us family valuescontrastAmerican family valuesWhen mentioning the difference of family values between Chinese and Americans , we may think firstly that Chinese people pay more attention to the family than Americans. However , it is just a fault. In my opinion, on account of the following matters, the fact is that the American family value is better than Chinese.Firstly, the relationship of the couple is stable in America. American people havemany opposite friends before they get married, while they become very loyal to each other after they are married. They respect each other, trust each other and take care of each other. In public, we can see American couples watch their children, and at the same time they have intimate conversations ,and they look like very casual and sweet. The phenomenon is rarely appeared in China, especially on these old couples.Secondly, every father has a strong sense of responsibility. In the library, in the supermarket or in the entertainment place, wherever the father goes, he always takesher children with him. But the mother is very free. She can get rid of the children's bother and do whatever she wants . This is a sharp contrast with the Male chauvinist which dominates in Chinese family.Thirdly, Americans are doing with families as basic units.When joining a party, going on a vacation, or being invited by colleagues to their houses, Americans are naturally joinging them with the whole family. This way of gathering is good for the consolidation of friendship not only between the family members but also between the friends.Fourthly, family is always in the first place. Many companies generally do not schedule a meeting after 4 am, because parents are going to pick their children from school. Many Americans have more of a sacrifice on the business for the family. A woman would rather resign her job after she gives birth to a baby. It is very common in the United States that everyone is willing to give up any perfect job for his or her family. However, it is quite different fin China. In most cases, the husband may participate the entertainment outside, or go out for travealling with his colleagues, leaving hiefamily aside.The family value Americans lives by seems strange to a Chinese people. As a result, we my find their actions confusing, even unbelievable. Nevertheless, nothing can conquer American family value, because it makes the unique character of the great nationality. This is actually great wealth of the United States, which makes America into a powerful nation in the world.Chinese family values Actually, there are a lot of dominant differences of family values betweenAmerica and China which derived from many traditional and historical concepts. First of all, as the individual ,we advocate that we should make contributions to our family , our society and our country. As we are very young, we are taught to be ready to make any sacrifice for our nation instead of our family, even giving up our precious lives. On the other hand , parents are the authority of a family, so we have to respect them and obey them under any circumstance. However, these are not advocated in the United States.American parents often teach their children to beindependent . Democracy is advocated in the family, so each member has gained the equal rights in the family status. Each individual is told that he has his right to choose his own life style, no one can stop him. Therefore ,in the American people's eyes, democracy and independence are the most significant elements to made up their lives.The other thing is that in China most people regard the house as their symbol of wealth. So having the private house is the main tendency of Chinese people. Because of this, the housing price is rising continually inChina to a degree that a number of people cannot afford it. And the housing problem has become a serious problem to limit people's living standard. Nevertheless, although America is the most developed nation in the world, its housing privatisation rate is well below China's. Many American people prefer to cohabitate instead of buying the expensive house by them.One another thing is that Chinese people regard money as rather an important role in their daily life. More and more people spend most of their time on work to get adequatemoney to support their family. In spite of weekends or vacations, people would rather look for part-time job than enjoy their holiday. It seems that Chinese always say we work day by day, and earn more money for our future generations. This is quite different from Americans. In their eyes, Life is so short, and alive is our great happiness. They just need to live in their own life, and let our children to live depending upon themselves.Because of the difference of traditional and historical concepts, the United Stateds and China are poles apart in our family values.While the two kinds of family values are in accordance with the Fundamental realities of each country . This will contribute the two countries to become the powerful nations in the world.。
中美家庭价值观差异论文 英文
Differences of Family Values Between China and America中美家庭价值观差异AbstractThis paper tries to make a comparison of different family values between China and US, which appeared in many fields, for instance, the American emphasis the individualism but Chinese focus on the collectivism, the relation-ship between family members and their attitudes to each other are also quite different,the life style influenced by family values are varied.Reasons for these differences are complex, including different customs, cultures and social backgrounds and so on.摘要这篇论文比较了中美家庭价值观在不同方面的差异，比如，美国人强调个人主义而中国人注重集体主义，不同的家庭关系与成员间的态度，和由于家庭价值观对生活方式的不同。
产生差异的原因各不相同，包括不同的文化习俗，社会背景等等。
Key words:family values, life styles, cultures, differences.关键词：家庭价值观，生活方式，文化，不同点。
Ⅰ.IntroductionFamily is the most basic unit of all human society. It reflects the ethical values of a society, its cultural characteristicsand the unique features of a nation. People begin to learn anything about the world and their culture through the family they are brought up in. What you think, how you act, even your language, are all transmitted through the family from the wider cultural context.Family values are the core in the research of cultural values, and it has a huge influence on people’s thoughts and behaviors. So if we want to get a glimpse of the cultures of two different countries, it is necessary to know their different family values. In this paper we will analyze family values from different aspects,including the decisive family values, the attitude to the family members and their relationships,and the influences of family values.Ⅱ.The differences of family values.A.The individualism VS. the collectivismThe American emphasize the personal independence,while Chinese emphasize on the whole family, not any individual member.Children in America have more freedom than that in China.Their parents rarely interfere with their private affairs, and usual ly try to enhance children’s all-around abilitieswhen they are young. They handle their own affairs themselves and try to get support from their colleagues or experts who work inthe relevant field, and their family members only give suggestions to them.The key point of its society is freedom.Obviously, we Chinese paymore attention to the interest of whole family than that of any individual’s. In China, children usually live with their parents even after they are grown-up,since Chinese people want a more united family and closer relationship between family members. The living style in China is different compared with that in America. Chinese people like to live with their parents and they think this kind of living style may help them have more opportunity to understand other family members. This kind of living style can narrow the gap between family members andwhen anybody faceswith a problem, the others can help him effectively and efficiently. The living style also reflects that Chinese people mainly emphasize the whole family but not the individuals, which is quite different from Americans.B.The attitude to the family members and theirrelationships in China and America.Chinese people have a big family with variety of relatives, which may be easy to cause competition and suspicion. So in order to maintain order and family harmony, they particularly advocate showing respect to their seniority in the light of thetheory of law and discipline rite of Confucius. And 'Act you role well' is the key to a harmonious family relationship. All the family members should be ranked strictly and according to their position in the family hierarchy they would be treated separately and be required to do what they should do. So in traditional Chinese family, the elder is highly respected. Parents bring up their children, then after parents are getting old, it is their children’s responsibility and duty to care for them and give them both material and spiritual support. In the traditional Chinese family, father was always the centre. It is not because the feudal concept that man is superior to woman, but also for what man has earned is the main source of family’s incoming and usually man earns more money than woman. And woman is responsible for the family house working. Though most household affairs are solved and decided by mother, the most important thing related to the whole family are determined by father. Between parents and children, parents are given more privilege and right to control their children. To most Chinese parents, a good child means to be obedient and docile. It is normal for parents to arrange everything for their children.To Americans, it is normal that parents and children are separate; reunion is abnormal. Parents bring up children and thechildren continue to raise the offspring, so the aged is expelled to the society. For the attitude to bring up the children, American parents consider that they have the legal liability, but in a sense, the children should take responsibility for their behaviors. Americans sniff at the concept of filial piety and think it restrains their self-awareness and ego-development. Parents and their children don't need dependency relationship. In contrast, they should establish a kind of allowance system so as to instill the basic concept of self-dignity and self-love into their children. As a result, although children would be grateful for their parents' favors, they do not think they have the obligation to pay back. In America, if the parents still live together with their adult children, they should pay board wages and accommodation fee to children. And the same to their adult children who still live with their parents.The primary purpose of an American family is to advance the happiness, the equality and the freedom of every family member. Americans praise self-centered and deal with the family members and family affairs rationally. For the sake of themselves, they deem that family should make sacrifice. Family’s hon or and unity are less important than that in Chinese society.In an American family, the democratic idea of equality isprevalent. Father and mother have equal right to make decision on family affairs and their children are given right to vote.C. Comparison of life style influenced by family values1. Different Financial StyleIn China，family members are financially dependent，that is to say all of the family members should help each other，especially when he or she meets the financial problems，which seems that people have the responsibility for helping their family members to overcome the difficulties. During the daily life，children should take careof their old parents financially even parents have the possibility torely on themselves.In America,familymembers are financially independent. Americans appreciate the individuality which requires them at first to get an independent financial freedom. That means they do not rely on their parents or family members when they grow up. Sometimes American thinks it is a kind of shame to be supported by their kind red members. That is the reason why in the case the father and the son felt at ease when they bought tickets for each other.2. Different Life StyleIn China ,a stable life style is much appreciated by people. As it has already been discussed above, the strong family tie in Chinahas been taken its shape for thousand years long. Familymembersand relatives prefer to live together in terms of convenience which could reflect the Chinese “guanxi” vividly. Even after the implementation of Open Policy from 1980s，though the traditional lifestyle is influences a lot，people still want to live as close as possible to their family members，relatives and friends. However，in America，there is no such a strong family tie as same as that in China，therefore，their life style are very mobile. Meanwhile, this life style is also influenced by their personal values, such as self-reliance，hard work，and a tie between achieving success in life，personal achievement etc，which encourage Americans to work all of theworld for achieving their career goals and success.3. Different Public FestivalsThere are several festivals which come of family unity in Chi- nese official holidays, such as Spring Festival，Tomb–sweeping Day, Qixi Jie and Mid-autumn Festival. The most important festival is the Spring Festival existing in the history for almost over 2000 years long. During this festival, all family and relatives get together, which is the very precious chance for people to enlarge and strengthen family ties. In America，Chiristmas Day，Hallow-mas，Saint Valentine's Day，Thanksgiving Day are the most important holidays coming ofChristianity. The most ignificant festival is theChristmas Day. Before the festival，all Americans also come back from their works for this big day；however，this festival is much more religious for the family members even though they do have the activities of family reunion.Ⅲ. ConclusionThe cultural differences between China and America are re- flected in almost all aspects of family life. The present study focuses on various major aspects，such as the different family decisive values，different family relationship and attitudes, and influences caused by family values. It’s not just simply listing some phenomena and analyzing the cultural explanation . The intention of the study is to promote a better understanding between Chinese and American people by comparing the family values. We would like to say if we want to live peacefully and harmoniously under the same roof，the best thing we must do is to make an understanding between Chinese people and American people. Meanwhile，a good understanding of the differences will surely facilitate the cross-cultural communication of two peoples.【References】[1] HALL, E, F. The Hidden Dimension[M]. New York: double-day. 1996.[2] Stanley, Haverwas. A Community of Character[M]. Cam- bridge, 1984.[3]崔涌,王仁永.自主和多元化的和谐家庭观[J].南华大学学报, 2005(5).[4]关培兰,石宁.中美家庭伦理观比较[ J].道德与文明, 1998(5).[5]李玉艳,李静.浅谈中美家庭观的文化差异[J].现代企业教育, 2007(2).。
中美家庭价值观差异-翻译
中美家庭价值观差异-翻译中美家庭价值观差异比较研究摘要：本文试图对中美两国在许多领域显现出的不同的家庭价值观进行分析对比，例如：美国人强调个人主义，但是中国人却注重集体精神；家庭成员之间的关系以及他们对于彼此的态度也大不相同；受不同家庭价值观念影响的生活方式也是多种多样的。
造成这些差异的原因是复杂的，它包括两国不同的风俗习惯、文化及社会背景等因素。
关键字：家庭价值观、生活方式、文化、不同点一，简介家庭是所有人类社会最基本的单元。
它反映了一个社会的伦理价值，其文化特色和一个民族的独特功能。
人们通过他出生、成长的家庭环境开始了解世界上的任何东西以及他们的文化。
你的思想，你的行为，甚至你的语言，都是通过家庭在更为广泛的文化背景下习得的。
家庭价值观是文化价值研究的核心，它对于一个人的思想和行为有着巨大的影响。
因此，如果我们想要了解两个不同国家的文化，就很有必要先了解他们不同的家庭价值观念。
在本文中，我们将从不同角度探讨家庭价值观念，当然也包含一些起决定性作用的家庭价值观、家庭成员间的态度以及他们之间的关系。
二，不同的家庭观念（一），个人主义和集体主义美国人十分强调个人的独立性，然而中国人却十分强调整个家庭，当然也并不是所有的中国人都这么认为。
相对于中国而言，美国儿童能够享受到更多的自由。
他们的家长很少干预他们的私人事务，并且非常注重从小锻炼、提高他们的各种能力。
他们可以自己处理自己的事务，并能够不断尝试从他们的同事或这从事相关领域研究的专家那里得到帮助和支持，与此同时，他们的家庭成员只是会给出他们的提供一些意见而已。
这就是美国社会的关键点—自由。
很显然，中国人比起在意某一个人的个人利益而更加在意全家人的共同利益。
在中国，孩子通常和父母一起生活，甚至在他们成年之后。
因为中国人非常希望拥有一个更为团结的家庭组织以及家庭成员之间亲密无间的关系。
因而中国人的这种生活方式和美国人是截然不同的。
中国人喜欢与父母住在一起，他们认为这种生活方式可以帮助他们有更多的机会去了解其他的家庭成员。
中美家庭观念的文化差异比较 英文论文
On the Cultural Differences in the Family Concepts between Chinaand AmericaⅠ.The Root Causes of Sino-US Cultural DifferencesII. The Definition of Family between Chinese and American2.1 The Definition of Family in China2.2 The Definition of Family in America2.3 The Contrast resultⅢ. The Comparison of Family Concept between China and America3.1 The Comparison of Family System3.1.1 The Comparison of Family Size3.1.2 The Comparison of the Relationship of Family Member3.1.3 The Comparison of Family Function3.2 The Comparison of Children’s Education3.2.1 The Comparison of the Concept of Children’s Education3.2.2 The Comparison of the Methods of Children’s Education3.3 The Comparison of Old Folks' Support3.3.1 The Comparison of the Concept of Old Folks' Support3.3.2 The Comparison of the Methods of Old Folks' SupportⅣ. ConclusionOn the Cultural Differences in the Family Concepts between China and AmericaThis is China, an ancient nation with 5000 years of history, glorious past and advanced civilization. That is the United States, a young, multi-culture country which soon became the leader of the world. Compared with these two countries, there are many different aspects between them. Language is the first distinction, along with different skin color, hair color, and facial features. According to the bible, God creates the world, and he has wills for every creature below him. Humans are too far away from him to clearly see his will. But history and tradition of a society can tell what God’s wills are. From the past it tells that human gather around to form society. In a society, humans experience different version of God’s wills, and then write downGod’s wills as history. Without a society, human cannot move on; human cannot protect each other; human can not survive. Family is one of the fundamental elements that ma ke up a society, and without individuals, there’s no such thing called home. So here’s the answer, besides the biological differences between the Asians and Westerner, what makes Chinese and American culture unique and stand out are their own tradition, history, and family.Ⅰ.The Root Causes of Sino-US Cultural DifferencesIn general, the cultural difference is at first comes from to the natural world understanding difference, the physical geography condition has decided the various national various areas culture development initial direction. Three plateau sea's relatively unenlightened region characteristic, caused ancient times the Chinese culture basically to isolate at the same time with outside, but this has also provided the advantageous condition for the agricultural civilization's growth, and has formed take this as the foundation and the small peasant economy as the characteristic economic form. At the same time, the river continental environment and creates the self-sufficient natural economy causes the Chinese to approve that sentiment of the natural, fetters firmly the people on the land, but the agricultural society's stability, family member relatives and friends' long-term living together, who will enable the Chinese to be reluctant to part ways since old times looks heavily, this let the Chinese nation display happily to the thought emotion one unhappy many, with unhappy different, happy static is unhappy moves happily, steady is unhappy changes happily. But the Western culture's running water source is the ancient Greece culture, the ancient Greece civilization originates in Mediterranean Sea, its locates the marine environment has raised the Western nationality primitive risk flare national disposition. In their opinion, humanity's strength and the sea compare appear are very tiny and are frail, but the humanity depended upon bravely, resolute, the great struggle spirit which own had to conquer the sea, therefore humanity's breadth of spirit was greater than the sea, all these also molded the Western nationality to open, the brave disposition. Therefore, looked from the entire ancient times society and the cultural phenomenon that the Western is take individual as a beginning, develops outward, unceasingly self-pursue, self-development, simultaneously also self-innovation. But because China the enclosed type, satisfies-like the agricultural society, displays intensely to local thinking of fondly, to peaceful life yearning.II. The Definition of Family between Chinese and American2.1 The Definition of Family in ChinaIn China, The family not only means the opposite sex and the people to breed the community which the children compose, but also means the collection blood relationship inherits, the marital union, the production operation, the finance expends, the social enlightenment etiquette control and so on many functions are even a body's social smallest unit. Generally, the family member lives together, carries on the production and the expense together, moreover unifies according to the blood relationship, which is also called the human society the biological reproduction unit.The family is forms economical division of taking men and women's labor as the foundation. Outside including in the higher paraffin in the geographical groups, between the same-type geographical groups, take avoids the marriage and the close relative marriage as the principle, and maintains the close neighbor is relating, is one kind of institution social unit. Therefore, it is humanity's unique universal unit. Chinese's attachment to family, blood relationship, dear ones ethics, in brain ingrained, parents, children throughout whole family. Even if gets married and begins a career, in addition supposes the gateway, still shared everything with the parents, the support parents, attends on one's parents, regards as itself should the completely responsibility.Home is like a tree; Home is like a machine, it is made up of many different parts. In this machine, every part is as important as others. That is home, that is family. You can leave your home, you can hate your home, you can curse your home, but you can never forget about your home. Someday, you will think about your home when you feel lonely. In China, people tend to view home as their heart of love, home is the soul of a family.2.2 The Definition of Family in AmericaFamily, defined by the United States Bureau of the Census, is a group of two or more persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption. Accordingly, unmarried people (either heterosexual or homosexual) living together and foster families are excluded and this is disagreeable to many. In fact, in many cases, the definition of a family is more flexible. For example, courts have ruled that the definition of a family may include two adult partners whose interdependent relationship is long-term and characterized by an emotional and financial commitment, rather than view family members as partners exclusively related by blood, marriage, or adoption.In American people’s opinion, families are to provide love, w armth, and support to every member of it. The ideal of the family is group cooperation to help achieve the fulfillment of each individual member, and shared affection to renew each member’s emotional strength. In contrast to that of many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as s group, either socially or economically, nor to bring honor to the family name. A family is considered a very important institution where the fundamental values and traditions of certain social group is taught and passed down from generation to generation.2.3 The Contrast resultAccording to an international survey, Asian children tend to live longer with their parents and contribute income to the household than the Am erican’s. Because of the unique tradition, Chinese children are more dependent on their family. The definition of home to them is a place once they will stay and depend on it for the rest of their life. In China, home is home. Once it becomes their home, no matter how busy they are, they will always come back and visit their home. American children are not like the Chinese. In westerner’s mind, home is just a place they used to grow up with, and they do not wish to always stay at their home. So as they grew older, they will leave their home, and find some other places to start their own “love net.”Chinese tend to contribute more incomes to its family than Americans. Because in China, family still plays a strong role, the family’s income depends on the pare nts when the children are still young, and the income will depends on the children when they grew up and their parents will retire. The unique Chinese tradition indicate when girls are married, they will live with their husbands’ family and contribute inco me to them. That’s why for almost five thousand years, the conception of boys are always more important than girls. Many families desire to have boys rather than girls. There’s an old saying, “a married daughter is like some spilled water, can never come back.” That’s why now in China, there are more boys and girls and a lot of boys with poor condition cannot marry a girl to have a family. Once the girl is married, she can sometimes visit her parents home, but most of the time, she will live with her husband, and her husband’s parents.Ⅲ. The Comparison of Family Concept between China and America3.1 The Comparison of Family System3.1.1 The Comparison of Family SizeIn China, because of the overpopulation during the mid-20th century, the government has to introduce and apply the “One Child Policy” to each new married couple beginning in 1979. Since the policy is introduced, each married couple can only have one child unless the child has disability or is deceased, then, the couple can have a second child. This policy is somewhat violate the human rights but after the implement of this policy, the population of China is under control. Anyway, because of the One Child Policy, each family can only have one kid. However, this doesn’t mean the size of a family in China is smaller than the U.S. When most of the couple got married, they will live with their parents and contribute income to the household. So generally, the family size in China is about 5, includes father, mother, one child, grand parents from father’s side. The family size will m ostly remain 5 unless the grandparents are deceased or if the grandchild gets married.There is not such policy in the U.S. to restrict how many kids each couple can have. Therefore the size of family in the U.S. can be varied by the couple’s own will. Generally, each couple will have 2 or more children. However, also because the U.S. is a multi-culture society, there are many different immigrants migrate to this nation, and they also brought many different traditions to this country. According to a national survey, non-Latino whites (also called the Anglo-Saxon core) tend to have fewer descendants for each family, and most of the children are better educated. However, Mexican-Americans, African Americans and Russian-Americans will have more children in each household compare to the whites and Asian Americans. Compare to the one-child-per-family in China, the family size in the U.S. is a lot different than China’s. Generally, non-Latino whites, Arab Americans and Asian Americans’ family size in the United Sta tes are about 5, including father, mother and 2 or 3 children. However, Mexican Americans, Russian Americans, Puerto Rican Americans, and African Americans can have a family size of up to 10. Interestingly, the family income of each subpopulation is inversely proportional to their family size.In the United States, non-Latino whites, Arab Americans and Asian Americans totally have a higher income than Mexican Americans and Russian Americans.In America, it is a lot different. A woman can marry a man and can still live with her parents. However, this situation is also not common seen because most of the married couple will move out and have their own places. They will start their own family. In America, the parents are responsible for their own wellness when they are old. It is not their children’s responsibility to take care of them. Therefore the family income of a house depends on the parents, even when the children grew up and have the ability to make money. If the parents are poor, the children will be poor when they still depend on their parents; if the children are rich, the parents can still be poor if the children are not kind to their parents. There’s no such tradition that grown-ups have to take care of their parents, and contribute income to them. Nevertheless, there law restrictions state that when children are still young, their parents have to take full responsibility for them until they turn eighteen.Though stereotypically man is considered head of a family, one has to remind oneself that the patterns of American families have now dramatically changed. Actually, now three out of every ten American households are headed by a woman. Now more American women are working outside the home. And house chores are shared between man and woman under the same roof. In general, women have the same educational and woman under the same roof. In general, women have the same educational and employment opportunities as men. They hold important positions in companies and other institutions. However, American women still strive to protect their rights and to achieve equal representation of men and women in high-level positions.3.1.2 The Comparison of the Relationship of Family MemberIn China, the family relationship is somewhat complicated than in U.S. Because when the girls get married, they will move to their husbands’ house, and because their husbands are living with their parents, therefore the girls also need to live with them. Once the girls gave birth, the family size will mostly remain 5—two grandparents, parents, and one child. In China, there are always conflicts between the girl and her mother-in-law. When the girl gets married, she moves out and lives with her parents-in-law. Before she got married, she doesn’t even know her mother-in-law, and her mother-in-law also doesn’t know her. When two stranger live together, conflicts arose. There are many movies and TV shows that describe the relationship between the mother and the daughter-in-law.In contrast to China, the family relationship in the U.S. is a lot simpler. Because the married couple doesn’t have to live with their parents, the conflicts between daughter and mother-in-law are very slight. In the U.S., when the son gets married, he will move out from his parents’ house and live with his wife in anothe r place. In generally, they will visit their own parents once in a while and many during big event such as Christmas and Thanksgiving, they will gather together to have a dinner. That’s the American style. Because the daughter and mother-in-law can barely see each other during the year, when they gather around, they tend to be nice to each other and try not to increase the conflicts. The system of family in the United States is notas complicated as the system of family in China. If we have to specify the conflicts of family in the U.S., it would be between husband and wife or parents and children.3.1.3 The Comparison of Family FunctionIn China, there are 5 family functions: economical, generational, educational, bring-up and support’s function. The moder n society tertiary industry's development and the socialization of production degree's enhancement, the family partial functions has the offset, like in the economical function's production function, the education function, supported the function already partially to shift the society, by society's special organization like Production organization, school and old folks home undertook, but the family sentiment careless could and so on actually day by day strengthen.In American, The family function of the household mainly seeks each kind of entertainment in the cultural life, but is not a religion and the educational institution. More importantly, although it is still a Dwelling unit, but no longer is entire family revolves the family type which together the father transfers. The construction family's foundation is the unity and family member's common interest, but non-individual wish and community responsibility. The American family member's primary obligation is not urges the family to become a society or the Economic organization, is also not brings the glory to the family.3.2 The Comparison of Children’s Education3.2.1 The Comparison of the Concept of Children’s EducationIn China, because of the ancient tradition, there’s an old saying about how children should treat their parents. It says, “Among all the good deeds, filial piety comes first.” It means, whatever the kids do, they have to be nice and respect to their own parents. However in the U.S., there’s not such tradition. Sometimes conflicts arose be tween teenager and their parents. The children don’t respect their parents when they were young. There are always problems about teenagers in the society of U.S.In China, because of the 5000 years of history and tradition, Chinese parents tend to teach their kids about social education and hence ignore the childhood education. The parents teach their kids how to respect the elderly, how to care the weak and the young, how to listen to the teachers, how to obey laws and orders from other people. Therefore, most of the parents demand unquestioning obedience from their kids. In a family, most of the fathers play the role of commander, and mother always play the role of counselor.In the United States, the family treats their children differently than the Chinese parents. They are more emphasizing on individuality than social education. If families are to work with schools as partners in the education of their children, schools must provide them with the opportunities and support they need to become involved. Too often schools expect families to do it all alone. Developing effective partnerships with families requires that all school staff (administrators, teachers, and support staff) create a school environment that welcomes parents and encourages them to raise questions and voice their concerns as well as to participate appropriately in decision making. Developing partnerships also requires that school staff provide parents withthe information and training they need to become involved and that they reach out to parents with invitations to participate in their children's learning.Schools are most successful in engaging parents and other family members in support of their children's learning look beyond traditional definitions of parent involvement--participating in a parent teacher organization or signing quarterly report cards--to a broader conception of parents as full partners in the education of their children. Rather than striving only to increase parent participation in school-based activities, successful schools seek to support families in their activities outside of school that can encourage their children's learning. Schools that have developed successful partnerships with parents view student achievement as a shared responsibility, and all stakeholders--including parents, administrators, teachers, and community leaders--play important roles in supporting children's learning. Successful school-family partnerships require the sustained mutual collaboration, support, and participation of school staffs and families at home and at school in activities that can directly affect the success of children's learning. If families are to work with schools as full partners in the education of their children, schools must provide them with the opportunities and support they need for success.3.2.2 The Comparison of the Methods of Children’s EducationThe Chinese aspect manifests approximately in the following several points: First, the Chinese guardians undertake to do somebody else's job in the life to child's basic necessities of life, does not let the child do the housework. This kind takes care of everything crosswise involves child's aspects, longitudinal extends to the child grows up. Therefore presented the elementary student also to want the guardian to send and pick up, the middle-school student also wanted the guardian to do laundry, the university newborn matriculation also wanted the guardian to escort. Second, many guardians feared that the child suffers a loss or fails to study, therefore limits the child and the outside contact, once between the child and the child either schoolmate have the dispute or not the happy matter, the most guardians adopt shield oneself child to accuse other child's means. Third, many guardians are obedient to child's request, grant every request, including the economical family in straitened circumstances, the guardian must tighten the belt to save the money to meet child's need, this has encouraged the custom which imperceptibly they waste luxuriously. Forth, the guardian is very high to child's study request, even achieves one kind of harsh degree. Through the ages, has the shopping online deep shackles China guardians' thought that whether been causing the guardians with to be admitted to a school child's academic record the institute of higher education has regarded as the only standard which the child becomes a useful adult.But the American guardians from exercise the child independent viability angle embarking, adopts to child's education drops, but the laissez faire method does not carry on. So-called drops, is lives down from the child, the parents try to give them the self-exercise the opportunity and the condition, lets them obtain the full exercise in each kind of environment. The parents except look after child's safety, in other life's matter, like plays, the study to let the child choose independently. If let them have since childhood deposits individual clothes, the toy and the study materials place,oneself tidy up reorganizes the room, the arrangement belongs to their little world, the parents takes care of everything in no way for the child, reminds the advice at most in the one side. So-called not laissez faire, generally reflection in three aspects: First, rather painstakingly and is not tender. The guardian pays great attention to train the child specially to endure hardship the spirit. Second, the family is rich, but is not extravagant. Many American family, have the strict request and the stipulation to child's spending money. The basic principle is: Issues regularly, amount how many decides according to child's age and household income's actual situation. Third, The westerner does not let matters drift to child's shortcoming mistake, does not shield, but tries to teach the child the knowledge wrong to change wrong. In addition, the American guardians do not bring too many pressures mostly to child's study. Their viewpoint is: The child to will be interested the knowledge to go to study diligently naturally, why can force the matter which they will do originally are not willing to do? Strong is stubborn is doing, instead will injure the child the sentiment and the individuality. Human's interest, the hobby and can originally various, the child suitable to make anything to make anything, the life path must let child go. The success home education, should be the guardian puts out the time to carry on the communication, the exchange with the child by the equal manner, gives the full affirmation to the child correct idea and the behavior, lets the child respect and encourage to hit grows.3.3 The Comparison of Old Folks' Support3.3.1 The Comparison of the Concept of Old Folks' SupportIt used to look to the elderly as really wise people who knew so much about the world. They were the ones who could be relied upon to provide a history lesson of what life used to be like in "their day". But things have changed so much in just a very short space of time. We are now more likely to hear of elder abuse within the family, residential home or a mugging that took place, involving an elderly victim. It is sad to see the elderly being abused and disregarded so much in a society that they once contributed so much to. This article will offer some suggestions on ways in which you should treat the elderly.The population of the elderly (60 or older) in China is about 128 million or one in every ten people, the largest in the world. It is estimated that China could have some 400 million people over 60 years of age by 2050. Nowadays a lot of people are more aware of the nations’ old and people pay greater respect and more attention to them than before. But experts on age point out that the elderly would enjoy greater happiness in old age if everyone was more concerned about them.China has just completed an investigation on the status of its elderly population. Investigating 20 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, the research has showed that the culture and material lives of the elderly, all over China, have greatly improved. Taking a look at their material lives, the average income of the elderly in the cities in 2000 was four times higher than the average income in 1992. In rural areas, the average income in 2000 had increased by 170 percent compared with 1992. Their living facilities included tap water, TV, fans and washing machines. However, gas supply, telephones, fridges and toilets in the house were only added in 2000. Thecultural quality of the elderly has also improved. Illiteracy has decreased by 20 percent and various recreational and sporting activities promoted by the government and non-governmental organizations have improved the quality of their lives. More and more of the elderly come to the recreation rooms for retired cadres in their local community now. Some have even been known to learn how to use a computer. According to the investigation, most of the senior citizens say that they are satisfied with their lives.Different from China’s tradition, the United States have another view for the elderly. The western culture tends to view the elderly as a burden and an inconvenience! The family unit in general is not as solid as Chinese culture. The strong streak of independence that runs through their thinking is definitely an influencing factor. They tend to encourage the break up of the family as part of the natural course of life, whereas the Chinese will tend to work to keep it together as long as possible. Where they will be more likely to bundle their elderly off to rest homes and retirement villages, we the Chinese would live with our elderly under the same roof, so metimes three or even four generations live together. In the Westerner’s mind, they think it's better to send off the elderly to retirement homes than to leave them at home all by themselves. In the retirement homes they remain healthier, happier and they live longer. At the touch of a buzzer, medical help is there in one minute. In the morning they have a bath, breakfast, their therapist is there to see them, later they congregate to look at TV with friends. Later on is lunch, perhaps a trip to the cinema and it goes on and on. They don’t think that a single person can provide all that professional care to their own parents, much less the elderly. In order to live a successful life in the American, People have to work.3.3.2 The Comparison of the Methods of Old Folks' SupportChinese's present retirement way mainly has: Raise children to provide against old age, occupation retirement, government relief, insurance retirement, invest retirement. The raise children to provide against old age, already becomes in the birth control time more and more not realistic. However, can train the riches and honor children, also is too not bitter as for the old age, certainly the premise is the children must be filial. The occupation retirement, is the ideal retirement way which since the ancient times the common people most yearned for. It is only suitable for the human who having the government food, since is very unfortunate, catches up with the State-owned business bankruptcy to come off sentry duty, can also attain the government relief fund. The insurance retirement, divides into two kinds, one kind is individual, the enterprise, the national fellowship society old-age insurance. Another kind is the commercial life insurance, is similar in the investment retirement, because it is one kind of financial managing finances product. The investment retirement, is a broad concept, its core is uses the existing fund to carry on the investment, gains the long-term stable income, the main investment tool has the financial product (for example stock, fund, bond, commercial life insurance), the real estate, business and so on.American's present retirement way mainly has 3 ways. First, is refers to the government to conduct “the society old-age insurance”, is also called the first pr op, it。
中美家庭价值观对比研究On the Differences of Family Values between China and America
四川师范大学文理学院本科毕业论文On the Differences of Family Values between Chinaand America试论中美文化家庭价值观的差异学生姓名潘婷院系名称外国语学院专业名称英语（师范）班级 2010级 3班学号 201014015315指导教师覃红霞（讲师）答辩时间试论中美家庭价值观的差异学生：潘婷指导教师：覃红霞 ( 讲师 )摘要：家庭是人类最基本的单位元素，反映了一个社会的道德观。
家庭价值观是文化研究的核心，直接影响着家庭成员在社会中的言语和行为。
也就是说整个社会的价值观很大程度上是由家庭价值观所决定的。
但是，由于地理、历史背景、传统文化、宗教信仰的不同，不同的民族有不同的家庭价值观。
随着经济全球化的快速发展，中美跨文化交际变得越来越频繁和重要，然而，由于家庭价值观的不同，在跨文化交际中的误解时有发生，学习不同国家的家庭价值观是很有必要的。
本文通过对中美两国家庭价值观的对比，使人们了解由于价值观的不同而产生的人们对婚姻，子女关系，家庭教育观念的不同看法，从而减少跨文化交际中因误解而产生的不必要的冲突。
关键词：家庭价值观；子女关系；教育；婚姻；成因On the Differences of Family Values Between Chinaand AmericaAbstract：Family is the most fundamental unit of human society, and it reflects the moral outlook of a society. Family value is the core in the research of cultural values, and it has a direct influence on people‟s behaviour and thi nking.That is to say ,the values of the society ,to a large extent, depends on people‟s Family values. However,because of the differences of geographical and historical background, traditional cultures, religious and belief, different nations have different family values.With the rapid development of economic globalization, cross-cultural communication between china and America is becoming more and more important and frequent. However, because of different family values, misunderstanding happens commonly in the cross-cultural communication.so it is necessary to know the different family values in different countries. This paper paper aims to help Chinese people and American people to further understand each other by comparing the two counties family values and reduce unnecessary conflicts caused by misunderstanding in cross-cultural communication.Key words:family values; relations between parents and children; marriage; family education; reasonsContentsIntroduction (1)Chapter 1 Definitions of Family, Values and Family Values (2)1.1 Definition of Family (2)1.2 Definition of Family Values (3)1.2.1 The decisive family value of China: collectivism (3)1.2.2 The definitive family value of America: individualism (4)Chapter 2 Differences between Chinese and American Family Values (5)2.1 the differences of relationship between parents and children (5)2.1.1 Chinese relationship between parents and children (5)2.1.2 Ameiricans relationship between parents and children (6)2.2 The concept of Family Education (6)2.2.1 Chinese concept of family education (7)2.2.2 American concept of family education (8)2.3 The concept of Marriage (9)2.3.1 Chinese concept of marriage (9)2.3.2 American concept of marriage (10)Chapter 3 Reasons for the Differences between Chinese and American Family Values (12)3.1 Geographic reason ..................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
中美家庭教育对比中英结合版
The Defferent of Family Education between China and America 1st, emphasis emphasis is is is laid laid laid on on on family family family education. education. No No matter matter matter which which which country country country you you you come come come from,from, what what nationality nationality nationality you you you belong belong belong to to to all all all think think think t t he he family family family is is is a a a person's person's person's first first first school, school, school, and and and th th e e parent parent parent is is is the the the first first first teacher. teacher. teacher. Either Either Either China China or or Western Western Western countries, countries, countries, either either either the the the ancient ancient ancient ti ti mes mes or or or the the the modern modern modern times, times, times, family family family educatio educatio n n is is is always always always in in in the the the most most most fundamental fundamental fundamental positi positi on. 2nd, 2nd, family family family education education education should should should be be be started started since since childhood, childhood, childhood, perform perform perform the the the duty duty duty promptl promptl y. Family Family instruct instruct instruction ion ion of of of Yan Yan Yan said said said that,“ that,“ that,“ The The parents parents should should should do do do the the the missionary missionary missionary work, work, work, w w hen hen the the the infant infant infant is is is young. young. young. Judging Judging Judging from from from his his facial facial expression, expression, expression, we we we know know know whether whether whether he he he is is angry angry or or or happy, happy, happy, then then then give give give instructions.”[ instructions.”[ instructions.”[ “F “F amily amily Instruction Instruction Instruction of of of Yan” Yan” Yan” ,, Zhitui Zhitui Yan, Yan, So uthern uthern and and and Norther Norther Northern n n Dynasties] Dynasties] Dynasties] Because Because Because “i “i t’s t’s easy easy easy to to to concentrate concentrate concentrate a a a child’s child’s child’s attention.attention. After After he he he grows grows grows up, up, up, his his his attention attention attention is is is easily easily dispersed, dispersed, so so so a a a child child child must must must be be be caught caught caught earl earl y.” y.” Dewey Dewey Dewey also also also thought thought thought the the the family family family educatio educatio n n should should should be be be executed executed executed early. early. 3rd, 3rd, parents' parents' parents' unsuilable unsuilable unsuilable role role role division division division in in in e e ducation ducation brings brings brings about about about some some some bad bad bad results. results. Either Either in in in China China China or or or in in in the the the West West West mother mother mother is is almost almost described described described in in in many many many cultures cultures cultures as as as the the main main fosterer, fosterer, fosterer, and and and then then then father father father plays plays plays only only a a part. part. part. The The The father father father is is is the the the main main main undertaker undertaker who who teaches teaches teaches the the the child child child to to to know know know the the the rationa rationa lity lity education. education. education. Mother Mother Mother is is is responsible responsible responsible for for for c c hild's hild's food food food and and and drink drink drink in in in daily daily daily life, life, life, the the the mat mat erial erial guarantee, guarantee, guarantee, the the the emotional emotional emotional satisfaction satisfaction and and so so so on, on, on, is is is also also also the the the main main main undertaker undertaker undertaker of of child’s child’s emotional emotional emotional cultivation. cultivation. cultivation. Its Its Its result result result is is that that the the the child child child holds holds holds his his his father father father in in in awe awe awe and and veneration veneration and and and causes causes causes the the the poor poor poor relation relation relation be be tween tween child child child and and and father, father, father, and and and thus thus thus affects affects affects c c hild's hild's perfect perfect perfect development. development. 5th, 5th, attach attach attach importance importance importance to to to teaching teaching teaching by by by pe pe rsonal rsonal example example example as as as well well well as as as verbal verbal verbal instructio instructio n. The The parents parents parents are are are child's child's child's models, models, models, usually usually usually a a simple simple movement movement movement is is is more more more effective effective effective than than than t t he he inculcation inculcation inculcation of of of ten ten ten thousand thousand thousand instructions. instructions. However, However, the the the traditional traditional traditional family family family education education in in China, China, China, on on on account account account of of of the the the respective respective respective dif dif ferences ferences in in in more more more aspects aspects aspects is is is different different different from from that that in in in the the the West . West . They They have have have their their their own own own c c haracteristics haracteristics between between between regions regions regions andcultures. andcultures. To To begin begin begin with, with, with, the the the tendency tendency tendency of of of education education is is different. different. The The Chinese Chinese Chinese parents parents parents lay lay lay emphasis emphasis emphasis on on on so so cial cial enlightenment, enlightenment, enlightenment, ignore ignore ignore the the the growth growth growth of of of c c hildren. hildren. The The The Chinese Chinese Chinese parents parents parents take take take the the the soci soci al al compatible compatible compatible enlightenment enlightenment enlightenment seriously, seriously, seriously, but but often often neglect neglect neglect the the the development development development of of of children children 's 's characteristics, characteristics, characteristics, they they they often often often train train train the the the child child ren ren under under under established established established forms forms forms , , , and and and lay lay lay dow dow n n the the the broad broad broad road road road for for for their their their growth. growth. 中国和美国之间的家庭教育Defferent 第一，重点是放在家庭教育。
中美家庭之间的差异英语作文
中美家庭之间的差异英语作文**Differences in Chinese and American Family Cultures** Family, being the fundamental unit of society, plays a pivotal role in shaping the values, traditions, and behaviors of its members. The cultural backgrounds of China and the United States, being vastly different, naturally give rise to distinct family dynamics and practices. This essay delves into the disparities in family structures, communication styles, roles of parents, and educational approaches between Chinese and American families.**Family Structures**In China, the extended family system prevails, with grandparents, parents, and children often living under the same roof. This arrangement promotes strong familial bonds and a sense of collective responsibility. Conversely, in the United States, the nuclear family is more common, consisting primarily of parents and their children. This setup encourages a more individualistic approach, with a stronger emphasis on personal freedom and independence.**Communication Styles**Communication within Chinese families tends to be indirect and implicit, with members often relying on nonverbal cues and contextual understanding. This approach can lead to a deeper understanding among family members but can also create misunderstandings due to the assumption of shared knowledge. In contrast, American families tend to favor direct and explicit communication, with a strong emphasis on clarity and openness. This style promotes transparency but may sometimes lack the nuance and depth found in Chinese communication.**Roles of Parents**In Chinese families, parents often play a more authoritative role, with strict rules and expectations that are expected to be obeyed without question. This approach, while fostering discipline and respect, can also stifle creativity and independent thinking. By contrast, American parents tend to adopt a more permissive parenting style, encouraging children to express their opinions and make their own decisions. This fosters a more autonomous and innovative mindset but may also lead to a lack of structure and discipline.**Educational Approaches**Education is highly valued in both cultures, but the approaches taken differ significantly. Chinese families often prioritize academic excellence, with a strong focus on exams and grades. This can lead to a high level of academic achievement but may also cause excessive stress and a narrow focus on academic pursuits. In contrast, American families tend to place greater emphasis on fostering a child's interests and passions, encouraging them to explore various fields and pursue their dreams. This approach cultivates a more rounded and well-rounded individual but may also lead to a lack of focus and achievement in academic areas.In conclusion, the disparities in family cultures between China and the United States are multifaceted and reflect the deep-rooted differences in their respective cultures. Understanding these differences can help us appreciate the unique strengths and values of both cultures and foster better cross-cultural communication and understanding.**中美家庭文化差异探微**家庭作为社会的基本单位，在塑造其成员的价值观、传统和行为方面起着至关重要的作用。
中西方价值观差异英语作文150
中西方价值观差异英语作文150Western and Eastern values often differ in many aspects. For instance, in the West, personal freedom and independence are highly valued. People are encouraged to think for themselves, make their own choices, and stand up for what they believe in. This individualistic approach to life shapes the way they interact with others and the world.On the other hand, in Eastern cultures, family and community ties are paramount. Respect for elders, harmony, and collectivism are deeply ingrained values. Decisions are often made with the greater good in mind, considering the impact on the whole family or community.When it comes to work ethics, Westerners tend to value personal achievement and competitiveness. They see success as a result of hard work and personal initiative. In contrast, Eastern cultures often emphasize teamwork and collective effort, valuing harmony and cooperation withinthe group.In social interactions, Westerners tend to be more direct and outspoken. They express their opinions freely and openly, even if it means disagreeing with others. In Eastern cultures, however, people are more likely to be polite and reserved, avoiding direct confrontation in order to maintain harmony and respect.So in a nutshell, while Western values emphasize individual freedom, competitiveness, and directness, Eastern values tend to focus on family, community, harmony, and cooperation. These differences reflect the unique histories, traditions, and social structures of the respective cultures.。
中美价值观的差异英语作文
中美价值观的差异英语作文There‘s so much for me to talk about in terms of traditions of family and munity as a chinese. Confucius alone gave us much food for thought which is still being advocated but hardly practiced today. For example,‘self-cultivation, regulating the family, managing the nation, and establishing peace all over the world‘, a standard conduct of the Chinese society for thousands of years, is eclipsed by individual thirst to glean more fortune.How one‘s own fortune goes curtainly prevail over how a nation‘s does. In China the ammount of bribe money is astonishingly large and the number of corrupt officials which have been brought to the justice is not as large as those who are not yet. Why do these civil servants risk their fame and even lives in defiance of law? Greed and selfishness account for it. Corrupton among public service is but a drop in the ocean when it es to the demise of the morality. As I walked around the downtown the other day, I found people, with their fancy clothes and stylish hairdos ,appear too materialistic,which is not to my liking. Wasn‘t there a time when things were simpler and people were more humble?Once bogged down in private interest, one finds oneself blinded by the greed and selfishness.Advocating the traditional moral values about family and munity isdefinitely necessary. Actually it has adopted by the Chinese government as a key policyto run the coounty by bining the rule of law with the rule ofvirtue ,which is the essence of Confucianism. I know modernization is necessary for advancement .However ,I hope we will forget the traditional moral values along the way.。
中国家庭与美国家庭的不同英语作文
中国家庭与美国家庭的不同英语作文Title: A Comparative Essay on Chinese and American Family DynamicsIn the intricate tapestry of global cultures, the family stands as a universal yet uniquely diverse institution. This essay aims to explore the fascinating contrasts between Chinese and American family dynamics, shedding light on the values, roles, and traditions that define these two cultural contexts.1.Cultural Values and Family StructureIn China, the family is often viewed as an extension of the collective, deeply rooted in Confucian values that emphasize respect for elders, filial piety, and the maintenance of social harmony. This is reflected in the common practice ofmulti-generational households, where grandparents, parents, and children coexist under one roof.In contrast, American families tend to prioritize individualism and independence. The nuclear family model—consisting of parents and their children—is more prevalent, with a greater emphasis on personal freedom andself-expression.cation and Parenting StylesChinese parenting often adopts a more authoritative approach, focusing on academic success and discipline. Parents may exert significant control over their children's education, from choosing schools to dictating study habits, aiming for high academic achievements.American parenting, on the other hand, is characterized by a more democratic style, where children are encouraged to develop their own interests and make personal choices. Emphasis is placed on creativity, critical thinking, andself-esteem.munication and Decision-MakingCommunication in Chinese families can be more indirect, with an emphasis on non-verbal cues and respect for hierarchy. Decisions are often made collectively, with the input of multiple family members, particularly the elders.American families typically favor open and direct communication. Decisions are made through discussion and consensus, with each family member’s opinion valued equally.4.Traditions and CelebrationsChinese families celebrate traditions deeply rooted in history and culture, such as the Lunar New Year, where familyreunions are central. These occasions are marked by rituals, feasts, and the exchange of red envelopes (hongbao) as a symbol of good fortune.American families celebrate a mix of cultural and national holidays, such as Thanksgiving and Christmas, which often involve family gatherings, sharing meals, and gift-giving. These holidays highlight the importance of togetherness and gratitude.In conclusion, while both Chinese and American families share the common goal of nurturing and supporting their members, the methods and values that guide these processes are shaped by distinct cultural backgrounds. Understanding these differences not only enriches our global perspective but also highlights the universal love and commitment that families, regardless of their cultural context, share.。
中西方价值观不同的英语作文
中西方价值观不同的英语作文In China, family values are deeply rooted in the culture. Respect for elders, harmony within the family, and filial piety are highly valued. The concept of "filial piety" means respecting and caring for parents and elders, which is seen as a fundamental virtue. Family ties are extremely important, and decisions are often made with the family's best interests in mind.On the other hand, in Western cultures, individualism and self-reliance are key values. People are encouraged to be independent thinkers, pursue their own dreams, and make choices based on their own values and beliefs. While family is important, personal growth and fulfillment are seen as essential.In Chinese society, collectivism is often emphasized. People tend to work together for the good of the group or community, rather than solely for personal gain. This is reflected in the workplace, where teamwork and cooperationare highly valued.However, in Western societies, competitiveness and achievement are prized. Success is often measured by individual accomplishments, such as career success, wealth, and fame. People are encouraged to strive for their own success and to stand out from the crowd.Communication styles also differ between Chinese and Western cultures. In China, indirectness and subtlety are often preferred in communication, with an emphasis on maintaining harmony and avoiding conflict. Westerners, on the other hand.。
中美家庭差异 英文作文
中美家庭差异英文作文中美家庭差异。
1. Chinese families often prioritize filial piety, which means children are expected to respect and obey their parents. This can sometimes lead to a hierarchical family structure, where parents have the final say in decision-making. In contrast, American families tend to emphasize individualism and independence, allowing children more freedom to express their opinions and make their own choices.2. In China, it is common for several generations to live together under one roof. This promotes a strong sense of family unity and support. On the other hand, American families often encourage young adults to move out and live independently once they reach a certain age, fosteringself-reliance and personal growth.3. Education is highly valued in both Chinese andAmerican families, but the approach may differ. Chinese parents often place great importance on academic success and may push their children to excel in school. American parents, on the other hand, may focus more on a well-rounded education, encouraging their children toparticipate in extracurricular activities and developsocial skills.4. The role of gender within the family can also vary between China and the United States. In traditional Chinese families, gender roles may be more defined, with women expected to take on domestic responsibilities and men to be the breadwinners. In American families, there is generally more gender equality, with both parents sharing household chores and career responsibilities.5. Communication styles within the family can also differ. Chinese families may place a greater emphasis on indirect communication and nonverbal cues, while American families tend to be more direct and open in their communication. This can sometimes lead to misunderstandings or cultural clashes between family members.6. Finally, celebrations and holidays are celebrated differently in Chinese and American families. Chinese families often gather for elaborate feasts and celebrations during festivals like Chinese New Year, placing great importance on family unity and tradition. American families, on the other hand, may celebrate holidays like Thanksgiving and Christmas with festive meals and gift exchanges, focusing on gratitude and togetherness.In conclusion, there are several key differences between Chinese and American families. These differencescan be seen in their values, family structure, education, gender roles, communication styles, and celebrations. Understanding and appreciating these differences can help foster cultural understanding and respect betweenindividuals from different backgrounds.。
中美家庭价值观对比-英文版
Differences of Family Values Between China and AmericaAbstract :This paper tries to make a comparis on of differe nt family values betwee n China and US, which appeared in many fields, for instanee, the American emphasis the in dividualism but Chin ese focus on the collectivism, the relati on ship betwee n family members and their attitudes to each otheare also quite different, the life style in flue need by family values are varied. Reas on sfor these differe nces are complex, in clud ing differe nt customs, cultures and social backgro unds and so on.Key words: family values, life styles, cultures, differe nces.I」ntroductionFamily is the most basic unit of all human society. It reflects the ethical values of a society, its cultural characteristics and the unique features of a n ati on. People beg in to lear n anything about the world and their culture through the family they are brought up in. What you think, how you act, eve n your Ian guage, are all tran smitted through the family from the wider cultural con text.Family values are the core in the research of cultural values, and it has a huge in flue nee on people ' s thoughts and behaviors. So if we want to get a glimpse of the cultures of two different countries, it is necessary to know their different family values. In this paper we will analyze family values from different aspects, including the decisive family values, the attitude to the family members and their relationships, and the in flue nces of family values.n .The differences of family values.A. The individualism VS. the collectivismThe America n emphasize the pers onal in depe nden ce, while Chin ese emphasize on the whole family, not any in dividual member. Childre n in America have more freedom tha n that in Chi na. Their pare nts rarely in terfere with their private affairs, and usually try to enhance children a lls-around abilities when they are young. Theyhan die their own affairs themselves and try to get support from their colleagues or experts who work in the releva nt field, and their family members only give suggestions to them. The key pointof its society is freedom. Obviously, we Chinese pay more atte nti on to the in terest of whole family tha n that of any in dividual Ins.China, children usually live with their parents even after they are grown-up, since Chin ese people want a more un ited family and closer relati on ship betwee n family members. The living style in China is different compared with that in America. Chinese people like to live with their parents and they think this kind of living style may help them have more opport unity to un dersta nd other family members. This ki nd of liv ing style can n arrow the gap betwee n family members and whe n an ybody faces with a problem, the others can help him effectively and efficiently. The living style also reflects that Chin ese people ma in ly emphasize the whole family but not the in dividuals, which is quite differe nt from America ns.B. The attitude to the family members and their relationships in China and America.Chin ese people have a big family with variety of relatives, which may be easy to cause competition and suspicion. So in order to maintain order and family harmony, they particularly advocate show ing respect to their seni ority in the light of the theory of law and discipline rite of Confucius. And 'Act you role well' is the key to a harm onious family relati on ship. All the family members should be ran ked strictly and according to their position in the family hierarchy they would be treated separately and be required to do what they should do. So in traditi onal Chin ese family, the elder is highly respected. Pare nts bring up their childre n, the n after pare nts are gett ing old, it is their children re s ponsibility and duty to care for them and give them bothmaterial and spiritual support. In the traditional Chinese family, father was always the cen tre. It is not because the feudal con cept that man is superior to woma n, but also for what man has earned is the main source of family ' s incoming and usually man earns more money tha n woma n. And woma n is resp on sible for the family house worki ng. Though most household affairs are solved and decided by mother, the most importa nt thing related to the whole family are determined by father. Between parents and childre n, pare nts are give n more privilege and right to con trol their childre n. To most Chin ese pare nts, a good child means to be obedie nt and docile. It is no rmal for pare nts to arrange everythi ng for their childre n.To America ns, it is no rmal that pare nts and childre n are separate; re union is abno rmal. Pare nts bring up childre n and the childre n con ti nue to raise the offspri ng, so the aged is expelled to the society. For the attitude to bring up the children, American parents consider thatthey have the legal liability, but in a sense, the childre n should take resp on sibility for their behaviors. America ns sniff at the con cept of filial piety and think it restrains their self-awareness and ego-development. Parents and their childre n don't n eed depe ndency relati on ship. In con trast, they should establish a ki nd of allowa nce system so as to in still the basic con cept of self-dig nity and self-love into their childre n. As a result, although childre n would be grateful for their pare nts' favors, they do not think they have the obligati on to pay back. In America, if the parents still live together with their adult children, they should pay board wages and accommodation fee to children. And the same to their adult children who still live with their pare nts.The primary purpose of an America n family is to adva nce the happ in ess, the equality and the freedom of every family member. America ns praise self-ce ntered and deal with the family members and family affairs rati on ally. For the sake of themselves, they deem that family should make sacrifice. Family ' honor and unity are less importa nt tha n that in Chin ese society .In an America n family, the democratic idea of equality is prevale nt. Father and mother have equal right to make decisi on on family affairs and their childre n are give n right to vote.C. Comparison of life style influenced by family values1. Different Financial StyleIn Chi na, family members are finan cially depe ndent that is to say all of the family members should help each other, especially when he or she meets the financial problems, which seems that people have the responsibility for helping their family members to overcome the difficulties. During the daily life , children should take care of their old parents financially even parents have the possibility to rely on themselves. In America, family members are finan cially in depe ndent. America ns appreciate the individuality which requires them at first to get an independent financial freedom. That means they do not rely on their parents or family members when they grow up. Sometimes American thinks it is a kind of shame to be supported by their kind red members. That is the reas on why in the case the father and the son felt at ease whe n they bought tickets for each other.2. Different Life StyleIn China , a stable life style is much appreciated by people. As it has already been discussed above, the strong family tie in China has been taken its shape for thousand years long. Family members and relatives prefer to live together in terms of convenience which could reflect theChinese “ guanxi vividly. Even after the implementation of Open Policy from 1980s, though the traditional lifestyle is in flue nces a lot, people still want to live as close as possible to their family members relatives and friends. However, in America , there is no such a strong family tie as same as that in China therefore, their life style are very mobile. Meanwhile, this life style is also in flue need by their pers onal values, such as self-relia ncehard work, and a tie between achieving success in life personal achievement etc which encourage America ns to work all of the world for achiev ing their career goals and success.3. Different Public FestivalsThere are several festivals which come of family unity in Chin ese official holidays, such as Spring FestivaJ Tomb-sweeping Day, Qixi Jie and Mid-autumn Festival. The most important festival is the Spring Festival existing in the history for almost over 2000 years long. During this festival, all family and relatives get together, which is the very precious cha nee for people to enl arge and stre ngthe n family ties. In America, Chiristmas Day , Hallow-mas , Saint Vale nti ne's Day Than ksgi ving Day are the most important holidays coming of Christianity. The most significant festival is the Christmas Day. Before the festival , all America ns also come back from their works for this big day; however , this festival is much more religious for the family members eve n though they do have the activities of family reunion.川.ConclusionThe cultural differe nces betwee n Chi na and America are reflected in almost all aspects of family life. The prese nt study focuses on various major aspects such as the differe nt family decisive values , differe nt family relati on ship and attitudes, and in flue nces caused by family values. It 'not just simply listi ng some phe nomena and an alyz ing the cultural expla nati on . The in ten ti on of the study is to promote a better un dersta nding betwee n Chin ese and America n people by compari ng the family values. We would like to say if we want to live peacefully and harm onio usly un der the same roof, the best thi ng we must do is to make an un dersta nding betwee n Chin ese people and America n people. Mean while, a good un dersta nding of the differe nee will surely facilitate the cross-cultural com muni cati on of two peoples.【Refere nces[1] HALL, E, F. The Hidden Dimension[M]. New York: double-day. 1996.[2] Sta nley, Haverwas. A Commu nity of Character[M]. Cambridge, 1984.。
中美价值观差异
In china, there are usually many rules to tie down students, such as wearing uniform
School education
Students in America school have the freedom to choose what to wear
School education
When we are buried in the ocean of the paper To pass the collage entrance exam
They are enjoying themselves on the way to success
By playing with them and telling them stories to let them learn right form wrong
How to react if children are wrong ?
By yelling at them and using physical punishment
DIFFERENCE IN EDUCATION
中美教育
Family education
American education hours to be tightly when they are young, their parents would set many rules, and more and more loosely with the growth of age 美国教育小时候管的严，美国父母 会立下很多规矩，随着孩子的年龄 的增长越来越松
Family education
中美家庭观念的异同
In the Chinese family, parents are in a dominant position. So they love “shaping “children. They want their children according to their wishes to develop, rather than themselves. In addition, children must be obedient, otherwise they’re considered not filial piety. Respect is the basic requirement for human children.
以和为贵 （复式家庭）
• In China, there are many members of a family. Because of a lot of intricate relation, it’s considered to be the complex big family.
夫妻关系
Both American and Chinese respect each other between husband and wife. They also give opposite side enough private space. American would like to enjoy life. They spend money in tripping or on other amusement. On the contrary, Chinese people like to put money in the bank. They hope the other person has the family sense of responsibility.
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中美家庭价值观差异比较研究
摘要：本文试图对中美两国在许多领域显现出的不同的家庭价值观进行分析对比，例如：美国人强调个人主义，但是中国人却注重集体精神；家庭成员之间的关系以及他们对于彼此的态度也大不相同；受不同家庭价值观念影响的生活方式也是多种多样的。
造成这些差异的原因是复杂的，它包括两国不同的风俗习惯、文化及社会背景等因素。
关键字：家庭价值观、生活方式、文化、不同点
一，简介
家庭是所有人类社会最基本的单元。
它反映了一个社会的伦理价值，其文化特色和一个民族的独特功能。
人们通过他出生、成长的家庭环境开始了解世界上的任何东西以及他们的文化。
你的思想，你的行为，甚至你的语言，都是通过家庭在更为广泛的文化背景下习得的。
家庭价值观是文化价值研究的核心，它对于一个人的思想和行为有着巨大的影响。
因此，如果我们想要了解两个不同国家的文化，就很有必要先了解他们不同的家庭价值观念。
在本文中，我们将从不同角度探讨家庭价值观念，当然也包含一些起决定性作用的家庭价值观、家庭成员间的态度以及他们之间的关系。
二，不同的家庭观念
（一），个人主义和集体主义
美国人十分强调个人的独立性，然而中国人却十分强调整个家庭，当然也并不是所有的中国人都这么认为。
相对于中国而言，美国儿童能够享受到更多的自由。
他们的家长很少干预他们的私人事务，并且非常注重从小锻炼、提高他们的各种能力。
他们可以自己处理自己的事务，并能够不断尝试从他们的同事或这从事相关领域研究的专家那里得到帮助和支持，与此同时，他们的家庭成员只是会给出他们的提供一些意见而已。
这就是美国社会的关键点—自由。
很显然，中国人比起在意某一个人的个人利益而更加在意全家人的共同利益。
在中国，孩子通
常和父母一起生活，甚至在他们成年之后。
因为中国人非常希望拥有一个更为团结的家庭组织以及家庭成员之间亲密无间的关系。
因而中国人的这种生活方式和美国人是截然不同的。
中国人喜欢与父母住在一起，他们认为这种生活方式可以帮助他们有更多的机会去了解其他的家庭成员。
这种生活方式可以缩小家庭成员之间的间隙，当其中一人面临困难时，其他家庭成员也可以有效地帮助到他。
从这种生活方式也可以看出，中国人非常强调家庭的整体概念而非个人，在这一点上是与美国完全不相同的。
（二），美国和中国在家庭成员之间的关系上和对待彼此的态度上的差别
中国人拥有一个大家庭和各种各样的亲戚，这将非常容易引起成员之间的竞争和相互猜忌。
所以为了维持家庭的秩序和保持家庭的和睦，他们都特别提倡尊重家族年长者的绝对权力和遵守儒家的礼节规矩。
“扮演好你自己的角色”是保持家庭成员之间关系和睦的重要环节。
所有的家庭成员在家族中都有着严格的辈分排序，每一位家庭成员都应该严格按照他们自己的辈分去分别做他们应该做的事情。
所以，在传统的中国家庭中，年长者要受到绝对的尊重。
父母亲抚养他们的孩子，等到孩子长大、父母亲渐渐老去，他们的孩子就有责任和义务去照顾他们，并且给予他们经济上的支持和精神上的安慰。
在传统的中国家庭中，父亲往往是这个家庭的中心。
这并不是由于男尊女卑的封建观念而导致的，而是由于在家庭主要收入来源中，男人通常比女人挣的钱多。
并且，女性更多的是负责家庭的日常家务工作。
虽然大多数家庭事务的解决都取决于母亲，但在遇到与家庭相关的重要事情的时候拥有决定权的通常是父亲。
在父母与孩子的关系中间，父母更多的被给予了控制孩子的特权。
对大多数中国父母来讲，一个好孩子应该是听话并且温顺的。
并且，父母为孩子安排好一切是非常正常的事情。
但是对美国人来讲，父母与孩子分开是非常正常的事情，总是聚在一起才是不正常的事情。
父母养育子女并且子女继续养育自己的后代，因此，老年人由社会来赡养。
在对待如何抚养孩子的问题上，美国家长认为他们虽然拥有这样的法律责任，但是在某种意义上来讲，孩子也应该为自己的行为负责。
美国人在研究“孝”这一概念时，认为它限制了他们的自我意识和自我发展。
他们认为，父母亲与子女之间不需要这种相互依赖的关系。
相反，他们应该建立一种津贴制度，给他们的孩子灌输自我尊严和自私的爱这样的基本概念。
因此，尽管孩子们会感
谢他们的父母对他们的支持，但他们不认为他们有应该且必须偿还的义务。
在美国，如果父母一直与他们的成年子女居住在一起的话，他们应该给他们的子女缴纳房租和伙食费。
同样的情况，如果成年子女仍旧与他们的父母亲居住在一起时，他们也应该向他们的父母亲缴纳房租和伙食费。
一个美国家庭的主要生活目标是提高家庭生活的幸福感、以及保障家庭中每位成员的平等和自由。
美国人推崇坚持以自我为中心的理念去合理处理家庭成员间的关系和家庭事务。
站在为自己着想的角度上，他们认为家庭成员应该做出一些牺牲。
家族的荣誉和团结没有在中国社会中看的那么重要。
在一个美国家庭中，民主平等的思想观念是基本观念。
父亲和母亲拥有相同的家庭事务决策权，而孩子拥有为家庭决定投票的权利。
（三），家庭价值观影响下的生活方式的比较
1，不同的家庭财政形式
在中国，家庭成员间有着相互的经济依赖，也就是说，一个家庭的所有成员之间都应该相互扶持，特别是当其中的某一位成员出现财政危机的时候，这也就意味着家族成员有责任帮助他们的家人度过财政危机。
在日常的生活中，孩子们应该照顾他们年迈的父母亲，父母亲在经济上甚至也有可能去依靠孩子。
然而在美国，家庭成员们之间的经济关系是独立的。
美国人欣赏个性，这也就要求他们首先要做到经济独立、财政自由。
也就是说，当他们成年时，他们不能依靠再依靠他们的父母或者其他家庭成员。
有时候美国人会认为，受到他们好心的家庭成员的财政支援是一种耻辱。
这也就是为什么在有些情况下，当父亲与儿子同时为彼此买票之后会感到安心的原因。
2，不同的生活方式
在中国，稳定的生活方式是被大多数人所推崇的。
正如前面讨论过的一样，强大的家庭纽带模式在中国已经延续了上千年。
家庭成员和亲戚住在一起在更具便利性，这也十分生动的表现了中国“关系”社会的形象。
即使是在20世纪80年代实行改革开放政策之后，传统的生活方式受到了很大的影响，但是，人们还是更愿意与他们的家庭成员、亲戚、朋友生活的近一点。
然而，在美国，并不像在中国一样拥有强有力的家族纽带，因此，他们的生活更具移动性。
与此同时，他们的生活方式也受他们的价值观，例如：自力更生、艰苦奋斗以及在生活中取
得成功的一条纽带和个人成就等因素。
这些都鼓励美国人去世界各地工作来追求他们的事业目标和成功。
3，不同的公共节日
在中国的官方节日中，有很多寓意家庭团结和睦的公共节日，如：春节、清明节、七夕节、端午节。
这其中最重要的节日就要数已经有着两千多年历史传统的春节。
在这个节日中，所有的家庭成员、亲戚们欢聚在一起，这是一个用来扩大和加强家庭成员间相互关系的珍贵机会。
在美国，圣诞节、万圣节、情人节和感恩节都是来自基督教的最重要的节日。
这其中，最为重要的节日是圣诞节。
在圣诞节前夕，所有的美国人都会因为这样一个重要的日子从工作地回到家乡，虽然他们也举办了各种家庭成员的聚会，但是这个节日更多的是因为家庭成员的宗教信仰。
三，总结
美国和中国的文化差异在两国人的生活各个方面都得到了体现，本文研究了各种主要方面的问题，如不同的家庭决定性价值，不同的家庭关系和态度，以及对家庭价值观的影响原因。
这不只是简单地列举一些现象和对文化的解释,本研究的目的是通过对中美两国价值观的相互比较来加深我们对于两国不同家庭价值观的理解。
我们更愿意表达的是，如果我们想要在同一个屋檐下生活的更加和平、更加和谐，我们所能做的最好的事情就是加深两国人民之间的相互理解。
同时，对于彼此差异的互相理解也是促进两国人民文化交流的有效渠道。
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double-day. 1996.
[2] Stanley, Haverwas. A Community of Character[M]. Cam-
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