新概念英语第二册第五课学习笔记

Lesson 5No wrong numbers无错号之虞
【New words and expressions】生词和短语
（7）
pigeon n.鸽子message n.信息
cover v.越过distance n.距离
request n.要求，请求spare part备件
service n.业务，服务
★pigeon n.鸽子It'snotmypigeon.＝None ofmybusiness.不关我的事。

★message n.（口头或书面的）信息
Here is a message for you from your sister.
an oral['orəl]口头的,口述的/written message口信/便条
leave sb. a message给……留便条I'll leave you a message.take a message for sb.替某人捎口信
Can I take a message for you?我能替你捎个口信吗?
Can you take a message for me?你能替我捎个口信吗?
take a message to sb.给某人口信
打电话:
Hello!--MayIhaveawordwithTom?/MayIspeakwith/toTom?--Can you take a message for me?
information[,ɪnfɚ'meʃən]n.信息（不可数）messengern.送信人，信使★cover v.越过；覆盖
Snow covered the whole village.
She covered the child with a coat.她给孩子盖了件外衣。

1②vt.行过（一段距离），走过（通常不用被动语态）cover+距离越过……You can cover the distance to the museum in ten minutes.③n.覆盖物，盖子，罩子，套子Put a cover on the box!★distance n.距离
keep distance保持距离distant adj.远距离的
Can I share[ʃɛr]分享;分担;共有this table? Can I join you?importance n.重要important adj.重要的
difference n.不同different adj.不同的
★request n.要求,请求
①n.要求,请求
request for对……有请求,有需求I have a request for the cake.He granted my request for more time.他同意了我延长时间的请求。

She sent a request for help to Gary.她向加里请求帮助。

②v.要求,请求
request sb.to do sth.＝ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做……require sb.to do sth.要求某人做……
You are required/asked to do sth.（对人要求习惯用被动语态）★spare adj.备用的
①vt.抽出（时间等），让给
Have you got five minutes to spare?
I cannot spare the time. I have no time to spare.
2The robbers['rɑbɚ]抢劫者,强盗spared his life.
‘Share me!’begged the prisoner['prɪznɚ]犯人,囚犯.
③adj.多余的，空闲的，剩下的，备用的
You can sleep in the spare bedroom.
Where can I get spare parts for this machine?
I have no spare time now.
‘Have you any old clothes that you do not want?’he asked.=‘Have you any old clothes to spare?’he asked.
★service['sɝvɪs]n.业务,服务
service作为不可数名词时通常用于表示旅馆、餐馆以及商店等对旅客、顾客等的侍候、接待或服务；
作为可数名词时可以表示为帮助他人所采取的行动或所做的工作。

The service in that hotel is quite很good.
You have done me a great service.你已经帮了我很大的忙。

service既可以指公用事业的业务，如：
themailservice（邮政业务）、thetelephone service（电话业务）；
也可指办这些业务的机构，如：
atravelservice（旅行社）、anewsservice（通讯社）。

At your service. = Glad to be at your service. = I am glad to be atyour service.我很乐意为您效劳.
serve v.服务,接待
——Thank you.
情急之下,可用No thanks.回答
——Sorry.——No sorry.
【Text】
Mr.JamesScotthasagarageinSilburyandnowhehasjustboughtanothergarageinPin hurst. Pinhurst isonly five miles from Silbury, butMr.Scottcannotgeta telephone for his newgarage,sohe has justboughttwelve pigeons. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message fromPinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance in three minutes.Upto now,Mr.Scotthassenta great manyrequests for sparepartsandother urgent messages from one garage to the other. In this way, hehas begun his own private‘telephone' service.
参考译文：
詹姆斯.斯科特先生在锡尔伯里有一个汽车修理部,现在他刚在平赫斯特买了另一个汽车修理部.平赫特离锡尔伯里只有5英里,但詹姆斯.斯科特先生未能为他新的汽车修理部搞到一部电话机,所以他买了12只鸽子.昨天,一只鸽子把第一封信从平赫特带到锡尔伯里.这只鸟只用了3分钟就飞完了全程.到目前为止,斯科特先生从一个汽车修理部向另一个发送了大量索取备件的信件和其他紧急函件.就这样,他开始自己的私人“电话”业务.
4【课文讲解】
1、Mr.James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just boughtanother garage in Pinhurst.
garage n.车库,车行（英美读音不同）
another(+单数名词)其它的很多个中的一个Can you show me another?other(+名词) adj.其它的(可加单/复数名词)
the other两个之中的另外一个one…the other…一个……另一个……On e is watering the flowers, and the other is reading.others(不用再加名词)= other +名词复数
Someboysareplayingfootball,andothersarerowing/(goingboating).
2、"Pinhurst is only fivemiles fromSilbury, butMr. Scott cannotgetatelephonefor hisnewgarage,sohe hasjustboughttwelve pigeons.介词from在这里表示距离上相隔，作“距……”、“离……”讲，常与away连用It is far (away) from here.
Bus stop is only one mile[maɪl]英里from school/here.
Bus stop is only one mile (away).
She has been away from home for 5 days now.
How far...?多远（对距离提问）How far(away) is the bus
stop?Howfarisyourhome(fromhere)? Myhomeistenmilesawayfromhere.get a telephone得到电话,安装电话
3、Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst toSilbury.
5carry v.带着,携带（其强调所携带的东西不会着地）
I carried my son.（背或抱着）I carry the bag.
take v.带着I take my sister to the cinema.
from…to…表示从一个地方到另一个地方
He looked at the girl from head to foot.
The newsspread[sprɛd]fromhousetohouse.家家户户都得知了这条消息。

4、The bird covered the distance in three minutes.
cover the distance飞过那段距离
5、Up tonow,Mr.Scotthassentagreatmanyrequests forspare partsand other urgent messages from one garage to the other.up to now =up till now到目前为止，到现在为止(作时间状语，时态多用现在完成时，相当于until/till now)
Up to now, he has not been very hard-working.
request for对……的需求
agreatmany(+可数名词复数)许多……agreatmany可以做形容词短语：
A great many trees were destroyed in the storm暴风雨.
也可作代词短语：
He has read a great many of the books in this room.a great number of(+可数名词复数)许多……
urgent adj.紧急的something urgent紧急的事情
【Key structures】
一般过去时与现在完成时：
在表示过去某个特定时间发生的事情或动作时，要用一般过去时。

在表示刚刚或者已经完成一个动作并且对现在有影响时，
6则要用现在完成时，时间状语可以是不特指的now，just或者for引导的一段时间，或者不加任何时间状语。

一般过去时与现在完成时的共同点：
动作在过去都做过了；区别：
过去式只能强调过去的事,和现在没有任何关系. I ate a piece of bread.现在完成时,强调过去的事情对现在产生的影响.
I have eaten a piece of bread this morning. I'm not hungry.The clock stopped.陈述事实
The clock has stopped.过去的事实对现在造成影响
It snowed yesterday. It has snowed yesterday.强调对现在造成影响
【Special Difficulties】
带way的短语
in the way按照，以……方式Do your work in the way I have shownyou.按我给你示范的方法来做你的工作。

I do the work in the way you showed me.
I fly the kite in the way you showed me.
in the/one’s way挡路；妨碍（某人）Sorry, you are in the way.(在口语中很少用,一般直接用Excuse me.就可以了)
Don’t stand in the way. I can’t see the blackboard.
inthisway这样,以这种方式Hesaves保留oldenvelopes.Inthisway,he has collected a great many stamps.
in a way从某种意义上来说，在某种程度上In a way, you are kind.in a friendly way用友好的方式
7in the family way怀孕了,快有小孩了(have a baby)
The woman is in the family way.
by the way随便说一声,随便问一下(插入语，改变话题时用)By the way, have you seen Harry recently?
on the/one’s way(to)在去……的途中(陈述句) :
on the way to school/the office；on the way home
out of the way让路Get out of the way!你给我滚出去!get one's own[on]way
随心所欲(at one’s pleasure)
Children get their own way during the holidays.
关于系动词:
但另外还有一些系动词同时又是不及物的实义动词,常见的有:
seem, look,appear出现;显露, sound, taste, feel,smell, stay, remain, keep, grow,turn, go, run, get, prove证明,证实, stand等,这些词有的语法书上称为半联系动词.
【Multiple choice questions】
4Mr.Scottcannotgetatelephoneforhisgarage.（b）hehasjustbought twelve pigeons.
a. That's so
b. That's why
c. Because
d. For
so表示前面是原因,后面是结果
That's why+从句那就是……原因,前者是原因,后者why后面是结果wascaught in the traffic jam. That's why I was late.
8That's后面的表语从句常常用特殊疑问词引导,再加一个句子That's whenwe can start class.
That's where we will have a meeting. That's how I get to
school.8Mr.ScotthasagarageinSilbury.His（b）garageisinPinhurst.a. another b. other c. else d. different
在语法上,冠词（an/a）、形容词性物主代词（his/my/your）、名词所有格（my mother's）不能同时并存的,一般要用只能用其中一个another=an+other另外一个，强调的是剩下的还有好几个当中的一个,强调的是有三个以上
other其它的,加单数就表示一个,his取代the的位置，语法的范围正在放宽松, his another也对,但不太好
else其他的，放在被修饰词的后面,会修饰两种词,疑问词和不定代词修饰疑问代词：
who else,…What else can I do for you?修饰不定代词：anyone else, anything else
9。