2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习讲义必备句型全归纳
2019-2020学年度最新高考英语语法复习专题Word版
2019-2020学年度最新高考英语语法复习专题Word版(附参照答案 )1、名词性从句中连结词的运用名词性从句中的连结词有连词 that / whether / as if ，连结代词 what / who/ which / whose / whatever/ whoever / whomever / whichever ，连结副词 where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。
（1） that 的用法。
①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句顶用that 但不可以省略。
如：That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we don’ t have enough money.②宾语从句中的连结词that 有时可省有时又不行省，在以下几种状况中that 不可以省略：（ A ）当 that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或许从句主语之间有插入语时，that 不行省略；（B ）当 that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时， that 不可以省；（ C）当 that 作介词宾语时，that 不行免却。
如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wineEveryone knew what happened and that she was worried.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.③that 从句作主语和宾语时，能够用it 来替代成以下几种构造表达。
(A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surpris ing that（B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（ C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that（D）It seems/happens that。
2019年高考英语语法知识最全概括
高考英语语法易考知识点最全概括第一讲座：名词---基础篇一、名词的复数：1. 名词变复数规则形式：1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups2). 以辅音字母+y结尾，先变y为i再加es：city-------cities family-----families3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es：bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es：tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es：leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的：man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice3. 单数和复数形式相同：deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese4. 某国人的复数：1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians二、不可数名词：1. 不可数名词：1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式；4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示；2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词：a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk三、名词的所有格：1. ’s 所有格：1). 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，这时只在最后一个名词后加“’s.”：This is ____________________(Mary and Lily) bedroom.2). 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时，这时分别在每个名词后加“’s.”：These are ________________(Tom and Jack ) school bags.3). 以s结尾的名词，变所有格时在s后加“’”, 不以s 结尾的复数名词，仍加“’s”：Teachers’ Day Children’s Day4). 表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加’s 代表全称：at the doctor’s at the Bob’s5). 由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something、anything 等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面：This is _________________(somebody else ) pencil.6). 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加’s 来构成所有格：an hour’s ride two weeks’ time China’s capital2. of 所有格：1). of 用来表示无生命的名词所有格：the map of China the door of the room2). 双重所有格：of + 名词所有格of + 名词性的物住代词He is a friend of my _________(brother ).Is she a daughter of __________(you)?四、名词作句子成分：1. 名词作主语：1). 表示时间、金钱、距离作主语时，谓语动词用单数：Two hours ________(be) enough for us to get there.2). 量词短语“数字+量词+ of +…”作主语时，谓语动词应与量词保持一致：A pair of shoes _______(be) under the bed.Two pieces of paper _______(be) on the desk.3). 名词+介词（with、but、except、along with、as well as …….）+名词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词保持一致：The teacher with the students _________(be) planting trees on the hill.4). 短语“neither…nor…、either…or…、not only…but also …”连接主语时，谓语动词实行就近原则：Neither he nor I ______ (be) a Frenchman.2. 名词作定语：1). 名词作定语时，一般用单数形式：There is a shoe factory near the school.2). 名词作定语时，个别情况用复数形式：(sport )The sports meeting will be held next week.3). man、woman 作定语表示性别时，man、woman随后面的名词单复数而变：one man teacher two women teachers第二讲座：名词---提高篇一、名词的单复数：1. 可数名词的复数不规则变化：(1) 单复数同形：deer, sheep, Chinese, means, series, species, works, headquarters(2) 形单意复：people, police, youth, cattle, staff(3) 形复意单：news, physics, politics, maths(4)合成词变复数：passerby→passersby, soninlaw→sonsin-law, lookeron→lookerson, gobetween→go-betweens, grownup→grownups(5) 词形变化：man→men, child→children，tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice，medium→media2. 不可数名词的数：(1) 有些抽象名词在具体化时，以复数形式出现；表示特指时，可以和定冠词连用；表示“某种”或“一次”的意义时，可以和不定冠词连用：in surprise“惊讶地”，a surprise“一件令人惊讶的事”；win success“获得成功”，a success“一个/件成功的人/事”；by experience“靠经验”，an experience“一次经历”；with pleasure“乐意”，a ple asure“一件乐事”。
2019-2020年高考英语句型句式专题汇总[共39页]
![2019-2020年高考英语句型句式专题汇总[共39页]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/a9086d664a7302768f99396e.png)
2019-2020年高考英语句型句式专题汇总[共39页]（一）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1）陈述句（Declarative Sentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快。
（说明事实）The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。
（说明看法）这里我们侧重讲述否定句一.概念否定句指否定陈述句的句子.二.相关知识点精讲1.用not构成的否定句：主语+助动词/ be+not+…例句：He is not back yet.It is not true.We haven’t forgotten you.You shouldn’t be so silly.We haven’t been invited yet.He won’t go, but they will.Money could not buy happiness.I like the salad, but I don’t like this soup.He wants a gir l friend, but he doesn’t want to get married.You didn’t understand what I said, did you ?You needn’t try to explain.I didn’t use to like opera, but now I’m getting interested.I usedn’t to like opera, but now I’m getting interested.2.祈使句的否定句：Don’t+动词原形…。
例句：Don’t worry. I’ll look after you.Don’t believe a word he says.Don’t be so rude.3. 非谓语动词（不定式，分词，动名词）的否定式：把not放在to do; doing; 的前面。
2019-2020学年度最新高考英语语法专题复习Word版
2019-2020学年度最新高考英语语法专题复习Word版( 附参照答案 )一、冠词The Article知识重点：冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。
冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（ The definite Article ）两种。
a (an) 是不定冠词， a 用在辅音以前：如 a book, a man; an 用在元音以前，如： an old man, an hour, an interesting book 等。
the 是定冠词。
一、不定冠词的用法1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。
这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。
如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple.2、指某人或某物，但不详细说明何人或何物。
如：He borrowed a story-book from the library.A Wang is looking for you.一位姓王的同志正在找你。
3、表示数目，有“一”的意思，但数的观点没有one 激烈。
如：I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes.4、用于某些固定词组中。
如：a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while,for a long time 等。
5、用在抽象名词前，表详细的介绍——a +抽象名词，起详细化的作用。
如：This little girl is a joy to her parents.这女孩对她父亲母亲来说是一个乐趣。
It is a pleasure to talk with you.跟您谈话真是一件快乐的事情。
2019-2020年高考英语 语法总结大全 新人教版
2019-2020年高考英语语法总结大全新人教版名词概论名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词(mon Nouns)，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。
普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。
普通名词又可分为下面四类：个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。
集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。
物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。
抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns），物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。
归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示：名词复数的规则变化其它名词复数的规则变化1) 以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数：如：two Marys the Henrysmonkey---monkeys holiday---holidays比较：层楼：storey ---storeys story---stories2) 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：a. 加s，如：photo---photos piano---pianosradio---radios zoo---zoos；b. 加es，如：potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoesc. 均可，如：zero---zeros / zeroes3) 以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：a. 加s，如：belief---beliefs roof---roofssafe---safes gulf---gulfs；b. 去f, fe 加-ves，如：half---halvesknife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolveswife---wives life---lives thief---thieves；c. 均可,如：handkerchief:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves名词复数的不规则变化1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teethmouse---mice man---men woman---women注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
(完整版)2019高考英语知识点总结精华版(最全),推荐文档
2019届高考英语知识点总结精华版(史上最全)1.a great/good many: a large number of许多。
修饰可数名词复数。
I’m quite busy. I have a great many things to do. 我很忙，我有很多事要做。
若复数名词前有限定词或其修饰的为代词时，应加of .①A great many of the books have been sold out. 已经卖了很多书了。
②A great many of them are out of work.他们很多人失业了。
2.able(可以的，有能力的，可能的)①He is an able man.那人本事不小。
enable(v)使……能②We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我们要多学知识以便能面对各种困难。
disable:有残疾的，不能干的；the disabled表示一类人（残疾人）able作词辍时①可以……的，值得……的（有被动含义）eatable可食用的，measurable可以测量、估计的；readable可读的②其他含义：conformable舒适的、安逸的；suitable 合适的，恰当的3.above, over, on三个词都可以表示“在……上“，但用法不同。
On表示与某物体表面接触；over表示在某物体垂直的上方，含“布满、覆盖、跨越”之意，与under 相对；above表示位置高于，但不一定垂直，与below相对。
注意：与数字、数量、长度词连用时，多用over,同more than。
如：over10,000people一万多人；表示年龄、刻度多用above，如a man above fifty五十开外的人；above zero零度以上。
习惯用语：well above average远在一般以上；above sea-level海拔以上；the one above上面的一个；above all首先，尤其重要的是；over there 那边；all over 遍及；over again 再一遍；over and over再三地[应用]介词填空①There lay an umbrella_______the table and some raincoats _____it.②The mother held an umbrella______the boy’s head so that the sun wouldn’t burn him.③ There seemed to be a war and many planes were flying____the city.④The moon was______the trees in the east.Key:①on,under②over③over④aboveabove all 首先，特别是，最重要的是after all 到底，毕竟at all (用来加强语气)与not连用，表示“一点也不，完全不”。
2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习讲义阅读必备资料
2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习讲义阅读必备资料一.文章的套路结构:（本笔记局限于说明文章，议论文章。
）1. 结论说明型A．文章开始出现一个结论，后为对他的解释B.TS(topical sentence即主题句)即为为结论出现支出；注意特别容易的情况是每一段之主题句是该段首句。
C.什么是“判断句”？---通常很重要，判断结论说明型靠判断句，直指主题a.系表结构:be. remainb.含有作者的态度和评价，注意可能有自由褒贬词2.新老观点型A.判断标志:文章开始不久就出现了老观点,例如:it was traditionally assumed?it was once / usually believed?Many ××believed that?Many ××have argued?It was frequently assumed that?It was universally accepted that?过去.传统.大家一致公认的观点,都是老观点。
B.TS:陈述新观点的句子。
C.新观点特征:对同一focus给出不同的解释。
读到老观点的时候,应该停下来想一想,新观点可能是什么样子,从而往下有目的地寻找。
3.现象解释型A.判断标志:首段给出一个自然的或社会的现象,往往很古怪,下文对其做出解释。
B.可能有多种解释,TS:作者给了正评价的解释。
C.需要注意的是:a.可能先给出几个错误的(作者持负评价),最后一个才是正确的(正平价)。
b.可能所有解释作者全都不喜欢。
4.问题解决.回答型A.判断标志:a.手段出现了设问句。
b.首段出现了以下词语:problem difficulty task puzzle 等B.TS:作者给出正评价的解决方案。
5.其他类的文章前班部分是以上四种结构之一,后半部分讲了一些与前面无关的内容。
TS在前面,从前面不从后面二.做题的几条原则1.先读文章后做题也可以先看题在看文章，建议仔细看全文，才能把握主题不至于上当2.不能凭印象,或自己的知识背景做题。
2019-2020年高考英语语法精讲精练精析-主谓一致
2019-2020年高考英语语法精讲精练精析-主谓一致谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这被称为主谓一致。
但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据语法一致遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和邻近一致原则。
一、语法一致原则一般来说，语法形式是单数的主语，谓语动词用单数形式；语法形式是复数的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。
The number of errors was surprising. 错误之多是惊人的。
They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。
二、意义一致原则主、谓语的一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于主语所表达的在含义。
主语形式虽为单数，但在意义上却为复数，谓语动词应采用复数形式；主语形式虽为复数，但在意义上视为单数，谓语动词应采用单数形式。
The crowd were fighting for their lives. 这些人正为生存而战斗。
Three years in a strange land seems like a long time. 在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。
(一)谓语动词为单数的情况1．由and 连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现。
The worker and writer is from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家来自。
比较：The worker and the writer are from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家来自。
Bread and butter is a daily food in the West. 黄油面包是西方的日常饮食。
2．every...and (every)．..，each...and (each)．.., no...and (no)．.., many a．..and (many a)．..连接两个单数名词作主语。
【2019-2020】高中英语重点语法大全-word范文 (1页)
【2019-2020】高中英语重点语法大全-word范文本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==高中英语重点语法大全高中英语重点语法大全定语从句1. 定语从句的结构及理解2. 定语从句的关系词的使用3. 定语从句的简化表达知识总结归纳(一)定语从句的结构：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词： that , which , who , whose , when , where , why )。
先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。
结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。
1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancingtowards her .2. In Japan , someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money .3. A theme park is a collection of rides , exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme .4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia .5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what itis like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie .。
2020高考英语必背语法知识点
2020高考英语必背语法知识点【篇一】2020高考英语必背语法知识点一、不定式做主语：1、不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
===动名词doing 表示习惯的，经常的动作。
e.g： To finish the building in a month is difficult.To do such things is foolish.To see is to believe. (对等)注： 1). 不定式作主语时,谓语用单数2). 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary(3) it is +a +名词+ to do...It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to doIt takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…注意： probable 和 possible 均可作表语，但possible能够用不定式作真实主语，而probable不能用不定式作真实主语。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(错)It is possible for him to come to the meeting.It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.【篇二】2020高考英语必背语法知识点英语中过去分词可作宾补，(此时的过去分词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。
(12套)2019年高考英语语法知识点课件汇总
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目录
五、定语——名词或代词的修饰语
定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用 “· · · · · · ·的”表示。单个单词作定语通常位于被修饰的成分前，而短语或从句作 定语时，则要放在被修饰的成分之后。 可以用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、 数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等。
2．双宾语(间接宾语＋直接宾语)
She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。 (herself为间接宾语；a new dress为直接宾语)
7
目录
三、宾语——动作的对象或承受者
3．复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)
Doctors often advise us to pay more attention to our diets. 医生经常建议我们多注意饮食。(us为宾语；to pay more attention to our diets 为宾语 补足语)
2．复合谓语 (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
In this exhibition，you can see paper-cutting with all kinds of patterns.(2017·全国卷
Ⅱ·书面表达)
在这次展览中，你可以看到各式各样的剪纸。(“情态动词＋实义动词”作谓语)
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有被宣布。(从句作主语)
[名师指津] 当主语为从句或不定式短语等时，为避免头重脚轻，常用it作形 式主语。
It's a pity that you won't come to my birthday party.
2019年高考英语语法复习讲义
2019年高考英语语法复习讲义（名师详细解读语法+真题分析，值得下载学习）目录简介 ................................................................................................................ 错误！未定义书签。
给力：非谓语动词 (13)情态动词 (21)秒杀定语从句 (27)特殊代词as (正如...一样) .. (29)秒杀开始 (29)落地检验——高考真题 (31)送给大家的两句话 (34)化解：状语从句 (34)点杀：名词性从句 (40)区别： (42)经典题目： (43)轻取：虚拟语气 (48)过去 (50)将来 (50)混合虚拟 (51)wish的用法 (51)落地检验——高考真题 (52)玩转“倒装” (54)半倒装部分倒装(公式：V助/V情+主语+V.) (55)落地检验——高考真题 (60)鉴别：介连冠代 (62)May you succeed!hold住：动词时态概念时态：时：时间态：状态动词时态：动词在不同时间点上的状态。
中文无时态差异：十年前，我们是好朋友；现在，我们也是好朋友；将来，我们还是好朋友。
英文有时态差异：Eg:We were good friends 10 years ago;We are still good friends now;We will be good friends in the future.分类:(八字方针)过过————过去———现在———将来had done have done do be going to dodid does will dobe to do 现在+将来：主将从现Eg:If it doesn’t rain, we willgo swimming tomorrow.When he arrives,he will let you know.客观真理：Eg:The sun rises in the eastand sets in the west.太阳东升西落。
2019高考英语常用句型知识归纳总结（含例句）
2019高考英语常用句型知识归纳总结（含例句）高考英语常用句型归纳整理1、as句型：(1)as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照……；正如……”例：We must do the work as we are asked to.As(it is)in your country,we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.正像你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。
(2)as＋形容词／副词原级＋（a／an）＋名词＋as;否定式：not as/so---as例：He is as good a player as his sister．他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。
(3)such+n.+as to do如此……以致于……例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。
(4)so+adj./adv.+as to do sth如此……以致于……例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。
(5)such---as---象……之类的……（接名词或定语从句）例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。
(6)the same＋名词＋as和……一样的……（接名词或定语从句）例：He is not the same man as he used to be他不是从前的那样子了。
(7)as引导非限制性定语从句例：As is known to all,knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。
(8)引导时间状语从句,“随着...”例：We get wiser as we get older.随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。
2019-2020年高考英语语法精讲精练专题七简单句的基本句型
2019-2020年高考英语语法精讲精练专题七简单句的基本句型本句型由“主语（S）+系动词（V）+表语（P）”构成。
本句型的共同特点是：动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等的表语。
系动词除了be动词之外，还有:1.表示感官的动词：feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound等;2.表示状态延续的动词：remain, stay, keep, continue等;3.表示转变、变化的动词：bee, get, turn, go, run, fall, e, grow等。
例如：①You are beautiful.②Tom is a student.③The potatoes went bad.④The weather remains fine.⑤Leaves turn yellow.基本句型二：主谓结构本句型由“主语（S）+不及物动词（Vi）”构成。
本句型的共同特点是：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词叫做不及物动词，动词后面还可以跟副词、介词短语和状语从句等。
本句型常用来表示主语的动作。
例如：①Tom has arrived.②The sun rises in the east.③They travelled by air .④She sat there alone.⑤Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake.基本句型三：主谓宾结构本句型由“主语（S）+及物动词（Vt）+宾语（O）”构成。
本句型的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整，这类动词叫做及物动词。
作宾语的可以是：名词、代词、动词不定式、疑问词+动词不定式、动词-ing形式和从句。
例如：①He teaches English.②I love you.③I like to stay at home on Sundays.④I don’t know how to learn English.⑤She stopped teaching English two years ago.⑥She said that she would study hard.基本句型四：双宾语结构本句型由“主语（S）+及物动词（Vt）+间接宾语（IO）+直接宾语（DO）”组成。
2020年高考英语语法知识点课件汇总
02
基本句式三：SVO（主+谓+宾）
各具特色的五种基本句型 基本句式四：SVOO（主+谓+间宾+直宾）
基本句式五：SVOC（主+谓+宾+宾补）
03 针对训练
I. 按要求找出下列句中的句子成分并写在横线上 II. 指出下列句子属于哪种基本句式 III. 用五种基本句式翻译句子 IV. 语法填空 V. 短文改错
五、定语——名词或代词的修饰语
定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用 “· · · · · · ·的”表示。单个单词作定语通常位于被修饰的成分前，而短语或从句作 定语时，则要放在被修饰的成分之后。 可以用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、 数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等。
四、表语——主语的份、特征和状态。可以用作表语的有： 名词(短语)、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式(短语)、动名词、分词、介词短 语和从句等。
Papercutting is a traditional art form in China.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ·书面表达) 剪纸是一种中国传统艺术形式。(名词短语作表语) He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。(形容词作表语)
2．双宾语(间接宾语＋直接宾语)
She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。 (herself为间接宾语；a new dress为直接宾语)
三、宾语——动作的对象或承受者
3．复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)
Doctors often advise us to pay more attention to our diets. 医生经常建议我们多注意饮食。(us为宾语；to pay more attention to our diets 为宾语 补足语)
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2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习讲义必备句型全归纳1.as soon as…一…就…= directly / immediately / instantly…= the second / the minute / the moment / the instant…Eg. He came around to see me as soon as / the moment/ immediately he checked in the hotel.他刚一入住宾馆就来看我.They informed us the news immediately / directly they got it.他们一得到消息就通知了我们.The policeman came to the spot the moment / the instant / the minute she heard of the accident.一听说事故,这位警察就到了现场.2.….before….(1). 没来得及…就…The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.他还没有来得及冲进房间把孩子就出来,房顶就塌了.He ran off before I could stop him.T o my great disappointment , my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with him.(2).过了多久才怎么样,动作进行到什么程度才怎样They walked about thirty miles to the west before they saw a village.They worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.Three years passed before I knew it.3.It was + 时间段+ before….过了多久才…. ;It was not long before…不久就…It will ( not ) be + 时间段+ before …要过多久( 不久)…..才…..Eg. It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.It was three years before he came back.It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.4. no sooner …than…= hardly…when…一…就…., 刚刚…就…No sooner / hardly + 过去完成时,than / when + 一般过去时如果no sooner, hardly 位于句首, 主句要倒装.He had hardly sat down to have a rest when the door bell rang and in came Allan.No sooner had he got off the train than his daughter ran towards him.Hardly had we arrived when she started crying to go home.5. once 一旦…., 表示时间和条件Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.Once you have decided to do something, you should do it well.Once you enter the chemistry lab, you should follow the teacher’s instructions.6. since …自从….以来Since 引导的从句不论是延续性或非延续性动词, 都表示的是动作或状态的完成或结束.注意一下句子翻译:Since he lived in Nanjing, I have not heard from him. (= since he left Nanjing…)自从他离开南京以来,我没有收到过他的信.Since she was in Yangzhou, she has kept in touch with her former friends. ( since she left Yangzhou…)她离开扬州以来,一直同过去的朋友保持着联系.对比:1). I have never seen him since he was ill.他病好后,我就再也没有见到他.2). I have never seen him since he fell ill.他生病以后我就再也没有见过他.It is / ( has been ) + 时间段+ since + 过去式It is / has been two years since his father died.= his father has been dead for two years. = his father died two years ago.他的父亲去世两年了.It has been 8 years since I graduated from university.= I graduated from university 8 years ago.It is 3 years since he smoked. 他三年不吸烟了.(即,从句动词延续性的,译成否定意义;从句动词非延续性的,译成肯定意义.)It is 3 years since he left school.-----他毕业三年了.7….until…直到…时候; not…until…直到…才…You are to stay here until / till your mother es back.The meeting was put off until ten o’clock.Not until we watched the Earth Day program on TV did we know much about global warning.= We did not know much about global warning until we watched the Earth Day program.= It was not until we watched the Earth Day program on TV that we knew much about global warming.Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing puter games.8. …when…引导并列分句, “当时,突然”,强调另一动作的突然发生.One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. Chuck survived the crash and landed on a deserted island.I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy crying for help.I was about to leave when it began to rain.对比: A: I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.B: I was walking along the streets. Just at that moment I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.9. while = although尽管While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that it can’t be solved.While I admit his good points, I can see his shortings.While I was angry with her, I didn’t lose my temper.10. where 地点状语You should put the book where it was.Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure.Where there is a will, there is a way.Where men are greedy, there is never peace.Go where you should, keep on studying.11. as 引导的行为方式状语从句.Please do exactly as your doctor says.You must do the exercises just as I show youAs it is = as things are照现在的情形看He promised to study hard, but as it is , he does no better than before.Leave the house as it is. I’d like to buy it as it is.12. as if ( as though ) 好像He looked at me as if I were mad.He was in great trouble, but he acted if / though nothing had happened.Although they just met for the first time, they talked as if they had been friends for many years.There many black clouds in the sky. It looks as if it is going to rain.13. though, although, as “虽然”, 引导让步状语从句.Although位于句首; though 位于句首或句中;as位于句中= though = that, 它的词序是把句中强调的形容词,副词,动词或名词放在连词前. 注意观察下列句式变化: Although / Though I’m young, I already know what career I want to follow.= Young as / though / that I am, I already know what career I want to follow.Although I respect him very much, I can not agree with his idea.= Much as / that / though I respect him, I can not agree with his idea.Although / though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.= Child as / though / that he is , he knows a lot of Chinese characters.Although he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem.= Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem.Although it is raining, I am going out for a walk.= Raining as it is, I am going out for a walk.14. even if = even though 即使…也…; 即便…也…Even if / though I have to sell my house, I’ll keep my business going.She won’t attend such parties even though/ if she is invited.You are not stupid. Even though/ if you were slow in study, you shouldn’t give up studies.The boy was badly injured and died at last. Even if he had been attended without delay,he couldn’t have been saved.15. whether…or…不管…还是…Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time.Any person, whether young or old, has his worth, independent of achievements, bank accounts or looks.16. 疑问词+ everWhatever ,whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whoever均引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter 与what, who, which, when, where, how连用.Whatever ( = No matter what ) may happen, we shall not lose hope.Whoever / No matter who es, he will be wele.Whenever / No matter when it happened, it was certainly not yesterday.Wherever / No matter where he went, he made friends with people.17. unless 除非,如果不(= if…not)I shall go tomorrow unless it rains.------Shall Tom go and play football?------Not unless he has finished his homework.Unless the sun were to rise in the west, I wouldn’t break my word.I won’t attend his birthday party unless invited (= unless I am invited)2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习讲义独立主格结构（一）：独立主格的概念“独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。