2011年9月高级口译考试翻译真题
9月中级口译翻译部分答案
9月中级口译翻译部分答案(汉译英)2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，考后考试大为考生第一时间提供真题、解析、答案，敬请关注。
本文内容为2011年9月中级口译翻译部分汉译英真题。
原文：越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。
中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。
这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。
曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。
现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。
译文：An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.。
上海市中级笔译第二阶段口试真题2011年9月
上海市中级笔译第二阶段口试真题2011年9月(总分：5.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、口语题Directions: Talk in English on the following topic for at least 3 minutes. Be sure to make your point clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with "My name is... ", "My registration number is... /(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.Topic: Balance between Developing Auto Industry and Protecting the Environment in China Questions for reference:1. What benefits can a booming auto industry bring to our nation and our people?2. What are the side-effects of the fast-growing auto industry in China?3. Shall we have more cars or have we had too many cars already? Give reasons for your answer.（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(略)解析：二、口译题(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal... and st6p it at the signal... You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.(总题数：1，分数：2.00)1.Passage 11.Passage 1（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(中国2010年上海世博会给我留下深刻的印象。
[真题] 2011年9月18日中级口译翻译部分原文及答案及解析---英译汉【沪江版】
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原文：出自NewsweekWhy We Must Fire Bad TeachersThe relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation's future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.我们为什么必须叫停“不称职”的老师？一直以来，美国初高中教育质量的相对下降对整个民族的将来来说，不仅仅是窘境也是一种威胁。
20XX.9高级口译笔试阅读原题出处-口译笔译考试.doc
2011.9高级口译笔试阅读原题出处-口译笔译考试2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，下面为2011.9高级口译笔试阅读原题出处Why Europe no longer matters欧洲为何不再举足轻重When Defense Secretary Robert Gates devoted his final policy speech this month to berating NATO and our European allies, he was engaging in a time-honored tradition: Americans have worried about Europeans shirking their share of global burdens since the start of the 60-year-old alliance.美国国防部长罗伯特·盖茨本月在最后一次发表政策讲话时痛批北约和我们的欧洲盟友，他这是在追随一个由来已久的传统：自从北约这个联盟60 年前成立以来，美国人就一直担心欧洲推卸其所承担的那份全球重任。
Gates sounded a pessimistic note, warning of “the real possibility for a dim if not dismal future for the transatlantic alliance.”Yet, the outgoing Pentagon chief may not have been pessimistic enough. The U.S.-European partnership that proved socentral to managing and winning the Cold War will inevitably play a far diminished role in the years to come. To some extent, we’re already there: If NATO didn’t exist today, would anyone feel compelled to create it? The honest, if awkward, answer is no.盖茨语气悲观，警告"这个跨大西洋联盟存在着前景不说凄惨至少也是黯淡的切实可能" 。
2011年9月高级口译考试翻译真题
2011年9月高级口译考试翻译真题一、English-Chinese Translation （本大题9小题．每题10.0分，共90.0分。
Translate the following passage（s） into Chinese ）第1题 In the coming decades, Europe’s influence on affairs beyond its borders will be sharply limited, and it is in other regions, not Europe, that the 21st century will be most clearly forged and defined. Certainly, one reason for NATO’s increasing marginalization stems from the behavior of its European members. With NATO, critical decisions are still made nationally; much of the talk about a common defense policy remains just that — talk. There is little specialization or coordination. Missing as well are many of the logistical and intelligence assets needed to project military force on distant battlefields. With the Cold War and the Soviet threat a distant memory, there is little political willingness, on a country-by-country basis, to provide adequate public funds to the military.【正确答案】：答案:在接下来的几十年里，欧洲对境外事务的影响力将会锐减，推动和定义21世纪的将是世界上的其他地区，绝非欧洲。
9月英语高级口译真题+答案
9 月英语高级口译真题+ 答案(4)SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.A proposal to change long-standing federal policy and deny citizenship to babies born to illegal immigrants on U.S. soil ran aground this month in Congress, but it is sure to resurface-kindling bitter debate even if it fails to become law.At issue is “ birthright citizenship -pr〞ovided for since the Constitutio n' s14th Amendment was ratified in 1868. Section 1 of that amendment, drafted with freed slaves in mind, says: “ All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subj to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States. 〞Some conservatives in Congress, as well as advocacy groups seeking to crack down on illegal immigration, say the amendment has been misapplied over the years, that it was never intended to grant citizenship automatically to babies of illegal immigrants. Thus they contend that federal legislation, rather than a difficult-to-achieve constitutional amendment, would be sufficient to end birthright citizenship.“ MostAmericans feel it doesn 'mt ake any sense for people to come into the country illegally, give birth an d have a new U.S. citizen, 〞said the spokesman of th federation of American immigration reform. “ But the advocates for illegal immi will make a fuss; they ' lcllaim you ' repunishing the children, and I suspect the leadership doesn ' t want to deatlhwaitt.h 〞SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST (30 minutes)Part A: Note-taking and Gap-fillingDirections: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the importa nt points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You will not get your TEST BOOK and ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.The doctor-patient relationship is one of the __________ 〔1〕relationships in life, but many people say this relationship is beyond _____________ 〔2〕. Can this relationship be saved? The answer is __________ 〔3〕yes, because it must. And if that is lost, medicine becomes a technology and is _________ 〔4〕. In part the crisisin medicine began with doctors __________ 〔5〕themselves from patients.The more critical work of a doctor happens in the taking of the human 〔6〕. 〔7〕is the most important and most difficult single transaction. The studies show that 〔8〕of all the valuable informationthat leads to correct diagnosis comes from the history. Another __________ 〔9〕comes from the physical examination, 10% comes from simple __________ 〔10〕tests, and 5% comes from all the complex __________ 〔11〕. So listening is vital, because listening is not merely listening, but to establish a _________ 〔12〕.But some doctors think listening is _________ 〔13〕. They like to use complex and costly __________ 〔14〕, and use ___________ 〔15〕that create adversereactions and require _________ 〔16〕. They don 't like to listen. Because there premium on listening and that there 's no __〔__1_7_〕___fo_r_listening.Even so, the doctor-patient relationship is not _________ 〔18〕saving. Because people may ask, what is good health? And good health begins first and foremost with 〔19〕. If you don 't care for a _______ 〔__2_0_〕, be somebody else,but don ' t be a doctor!Part B: Listening and Translation1. Sentence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.〔1〕〔2〕〔3〕〔4〕〔5〕2. Passage TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.〔1〕。
9月英语高级口译考试笔试真题试卷
9月英语高级口译考试笔试真题试卷Directions: In this part of thetest,youwillhearapassageand read thesamepassage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear. the passage ONLY ONCE.Good morning, class!As you remember, last week we talked about the (1). Today we're going to start talking about how radio advertisers (2) to get us to buy the products they're selling. There are so many emotions that advertisements (3). To affect a particular emotion, advertisers make what we call an emotional appeal. TodayI'm going to (4) that are often used to influence us to buy. I think you'll find it interesting because I've brought with me some (5) to play foryou as examples.OK,let's get started. tr.hjenglish./One of the most popular emotional appeals that advertisers use is (6). We all like to hear funny stories, so by (7), the advertisers hope that that we'll remember it and will, therefore, remember the product. But (8) is the importance of fitting the fight emotional appeal with (9). In the case of humor, it wouldn't be appropriate to make a funny ad for a serious product. Like, say, a lawfirm that (10).You wouldn't want to use humor to advertise that.Now let's talk about another appeal —— the (11). By thriftiness I'm talking about (12). Most shoppers are more likely to buy something if it's on she than if (13). Here is an advertisement for a furniture store that's (14). Notice how the advertisement gets the listener to (15). In fact the ad talks only about prices and not about (16) or what the store specializes in. The last kind of ad is the advertisement that (17). Our egos make us do things to look good in front of others. For example, we might (18) to look rich, or we might join a health club (19), all because we want to look good. This desire is so strong that advertisers often create ads that speak to our egos. They focus on this question: How does this product (20)?Part B: Listening Comprehension tr.hjenglish./Directions:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write' the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1. (A) Because it carries only good news.tr.hjenglish./(B) Because it is a mainstream newspaper.(C) Because it represents objective journalism.(D) Because it-tells both sides of a story.2. (A) He's writing for the Community News.(B) He's planning to publish a new newspaper.(C) He's bored with the bad news he reads all the time.(D) He's e up with an alternative to mainstream newspapers.3. (A) It doesn't report all facts.(B) It contains too much tabloid journalism.(C) It focuses on truly objective reporting.(D) It goes for the most sensational news.4. (A) Because there is the daily increase of crime incidence.(B) Because there is a tendency to go for sensational news.(C) Because there is the widespread tendency to favor objective reporting.(D) Because there is a superficial element in the positive stories.5. (A) By covering only certain types of event such asa fire.(B) By making good news out of scandals and murder.(C) By not telling the positive side of things.(D) By giving people only useful information.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6. (A) There will be seven nations added to themilitary alliance.(B) The expansion has failed to be approved by the US Senate.(C) The US House of Representatives will vote on the protocol soon.(D) Canada and Norway have already ratified the expansion.7. (A) Japan's staunch diplomatic support for the US in the war in Iraq.(B) A scheduled meeting between the top leaders ofJapan and the US.(C) A proposed solution to the North Korea issue,(D) Japan's participation in the reconstruction of Iraq.8. (A) A Palestinian man was shot dead by Israeli soldiers.(B) A woman was killed when harvesting crops with her daughter.(C) A new security zone was set up to protect a Jewish Settlement.(D) A big fire broke out ahead of a US push for Mideast peace.9. (A) Inquiry into the landing of the Russian Soyuz craft was under way.(B) Russians were involved in investigating the causesof the Columbia shuttle crash.(C) There might be great difficulties in the inquiry work.(D) No US experts had been invited to take part in the inquiry.10.(A) 11.(B) 27. tr.hjenglish./(C) 30.(D) 31.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11. (A) American.(B) British.(C) Russian.(D) German.12. (A) Engineering.(B) Astrology.(C) Chemistry.(D) Physics.13. (A) A technologist.(B) An engineer.(C) A university professor.(D) A laborotrary assistant.14. (A) Swimming.(B) Cycling.(C) Running.(D) Weight-lifting.15. (A) 30,000.(B) 13,000. tr.hjenglish./(C) 3,000.(D) l,300.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16. (A) 1902.(B) 1938.(C) 1982. tr.hjenglish./(D) 1985.17. (A) It is impolite for the host to offer food first.(B) The host does not offer again if the guest refuses food.(C) It is polite for guests to refuse even if they want more.(D) The host usually does not offer food to guests.18. (A) You don't pour your neighbor a glass if you area woman.(B) You think twice about which hand to use if you pour the wine.(C) You should pour the wine with your fight hand.(D) You can fill everyone else's glasses, but not your own.19. (A) To keep one hand in your lap with the right hand holding the fork.(B) To put both elbows on the table, holding the knife and fork in hands..(C) To rest your wrists on the edge of the table.(D) It's not mentioned in the talk.20. (A) To position your knife and fork close together on the side of the plate or diagonally.(B) To cross your knife and fork on the plate with the fork facing UP underneath.(C) To cross your knife and fork on the plate with the fork facing down underneath.(D) To put your knife and fork down on opposite sides of the plate.。
2011年9月高级口译考试真题及答案汇总
以下是考试⼤⼝译笔译站点考后第⼀时间为您整理的2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译真题、答案、解析，供参考。
2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试真题、答案、点评汇总听⼒2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分真题下半场(沪江版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题Listening Comprehension2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒真题spot dictation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试上半场听⼒下载(mp3)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试下半场听⼒下载(mp3)翻译2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题及答案passage translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试翻译真题(英译汉)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译真题、答案sentence translation2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译翻译答案(下半场汉译英)阅读2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼀篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第⼆篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第三篇原⽂(昂⽴)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译阅读第四篇原⽂(昂⽴)题⽬出处2011年⾼级⼝译笔试听⼒原⽂出处：传统医学2011.9⾼级⼝译笔试阅读原题出处: 欧洲为何不再举⾜轻重点评2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译上半场总评(昂⽴版)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒新闻题权威讲评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒NTGF点评(新东⽅)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒部分Spot Dictation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译听⼒Listening Comprehension 4评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译passage translation评析(沪江)2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译下半场汉译英评析 答案2011年9⽉⾼级⼝译考试答案解析(完整版)。
9月中级口译statement真题+评析
9月中级口译statement真题+评析2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，考后考试大将为考生第一时间提供真题、解析、答案，敬请关注。
本文内容为2011年9月中级口译statement真题+评析。
1. At the annual general meeting, the board chairman of the company outlined the development strategy for the next 5 years.2. You needn’t notify the maintenance office about the fixing of the faucet in the washroom. I can get Tom to take care of it. He is really handy.3. Although the accountant promised to help by all he could, the auditor called into question the accuracy of the figures in the books.4. We have carefully checked your qualifications and decided that we need someone with more office experience. We are sorry for the inconvenience.5. The sales of Vitamin E, helped by the testimony of health food expert, and a number of leading medical authorities, have doubled in the past 5 years.6. An average American male is expected to live 75.4 years, while the life expectancy of a female can be 80.4 years.7. For many people in large cities, the reasons against owning a private car outweigh the reasons for owning one. Therefore, the answer is negative.8. To believe that our company can be little affected or even immune to the current economic crisis is to ignore the most basic principles of trade and commerce.9. At college, Betty receives a monthly allowance of $650 from home. She also earns $350 a month in her part-time job. And she spends about 80% of her income for daily expenses.10. Some businesses, organizations and government agencies provide employees with the opportunities to progress to higher positions with higher salaries. The higherposition an individual occupies, the more responsibilities it brings.Statements1. 公司董事会主席制定5年计划。
2011年上海高级口译笔试真题完整版（附答案）
2011年上海高级口译笔试真题完整版（附答案) SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passag e with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard o n the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collecte d the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change t he same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to____ _______(5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a_____ ______(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors, and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___ ________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has______ _____(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment,___________(11).Starting today,tryto get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and___________(12)ris e!Play is known___________(13).Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature.We have the need to play because it is instinctive and___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose_________ __(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________(17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18),curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is bot h a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)o f the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,a nd playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten year s ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the“oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie,unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20th century.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have ev acuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and h eavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security.Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet.(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste.14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D)Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk.16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’education more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D)Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude.2011年上海口译考试高级口译笔试(全真试题+答案)完整版SECTION1:LISTENING TEST(30minutes)Part A:Spot DictationDirections:In this part of the test,you will hear a passage and read the same passag e with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the world or words you have heard o n the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Play is very important for humans from birth to death.Play is not meant to be just for children.It is a form of___________(1)that can tap into your creativity,and can allow you the chance to find your inner child and the inner child of others.I have collecte d the___________(2)of play here.Play can stimulate you___________(3).It can go against all the rules,and change t he same___________(4).Walt Disney was devoted to play,and his willingness to____ _______(5)changed the world of entertainment.The next time you are stuck in a_____ ______(6)way of life,pull out a box of color pencils,modeling clay,glue and scissors, and___________(7)and break free.You will be amazed at the way your thinking___ ________(8).Playing can bring greater joy into your life.What do you think the world would be like-if___________(9)each day in play?I bet just asking you this question has______ _____(10).Play creates laughter,joy,entertainment,___________(11).Starting today,try to get30minutes each day to engage in some form of play,and___________(12)ris e!Play is known___________(13).Studies show that,as humans,play is part of our nature.We have the need to play because it is instinctive and___________(14).With regular play,our problem-solving and___________(15)will be in much better shape to handle this complex world,and we are much more likely to choose_________ __(16)as they arise.It creates laughter and freedom that can instantly reduce stress and __________(17)to our daily living.Play can___________(18),curiosity,and creativity.Research shows that play is bot h a‘hands-on’and‘minds-on’learning process.It produces a deeper,___________(19)o f the world and its possibilities.We begin giving meaning to life through story making,a nd playing out___________(20).Part B:Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one,you will be asked some questions.The talks,conversations and questionswill be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each q uestion you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1to5are based on the following conversation.1.(A)in Cherry Blossoms Village ninety of the residents are over85years old.(B)In the United States,there are twice as many centenarians as there were ten year s ago.(C)All the people studied by these scientists from Georgia live in institutions for the elderly.(D)Almost all the residents in Cherry Blossoms Village have unusual hobbies.2.(A)Whether the centenarians can live independently in small apartments.(B)Whether it is feasible to establish a village for the“oldest old”people.(C)What percentage of the population are centenarians in the state of Georgia.(D)What the real secrets are to becoming an active and healthy100-year-old.3.(A)Diet,optimism,activity or mobility,and genetics.(B)Optimism,commitment to interesting things,activity or mobility,and adaptability to loss.(C)The strength to adapt to loss,diet,exercise,and genetics.(D)Diet,exercise,commitment to something they were interested in,and genetics.4.(A)The centenarians had a high calorie and fat intake.(B)The centenarians basically eat something different.(C)The centenarians eat a low-fat and low-calorie,unprocessed food diet.(D)The centenarians eat spicy food,drink whiskey,and have sweet pork every day.5.(A)Work hard.(B)Stay busy.(C)Stick to a balanced diet.(D)Always find something to laugh about.Questions6to10are based on the following news.6.(A)Global temperatures rose by3degrees in the20th century.(B)Global warming may spread disease that could kill a lot of people in Africa.(C)Developed countries no longer depend on fossil fuels for transport and power.(D)The impact of the global warming will be radically reduced by2050.7.(A)Taking bribes.(B)Creating a leadership vacuum at the country’s top car maker.(C)Misusing company funds for personal spending.(D)Offering cash for political favors.8.(A)The nation has raised alert status to the highest level and thousands of people have moved to safety.(B)The eruption of Mount Merapi has been the worst in Indonesia over the past two decades.(C)All residents in the region ten kilometers from the base of the mountain have ev acuated.(D)The eruption process was a sudden burst and has caused extensive damage and h eavy casualty.9.(A)6to7.(B)8to10.(C)11to16.(D)17to25.10.(A)Curbing high-level corruption.(B)Fighting organized crime.(C)Investigating convictions of criminals.(D)Surveying the threats to national security.Questions11to15are based on the following interview.11.(A)A wine taster.(B)A master water taster.(C)The host of the show.(D)The engineer who works on the water treatment plant.12.(A)Berkeley Springs.(B)Santa Barbara.(C)Atlantic City.(D)Sacramento.13.(A)Being saucy and piquant.(B)Tasting sweet.(C)A certain amount of minerals.(D)An absence of taste.14.(A)Looking—smelling—tasting.(B)Tasting—smelling—looking.(C)Smelling—looking—tasting.(D)Tasting—looking—smelling.15.(A)Bathing.(B)Boiling pasta in.(C)Swimming.(D)Making tea.Questions16to20are based on the following talk.16.(A)Enhance reading and math skills.(B)Increase the students’appreciation of nature.(C)Improve math,but not reading skills.(D)Develop reading,but not math skills.17.(A)To help the students appreciate the arts.(B)To make the students’education more well-rounded.(C)To investigate the impact of arts training.(D)To enhance the students’math skills.18.(A)Once weekly.(B)Twice weekly.(C)Once a month.(D)Twice a month.19.(A)Six months.(B)Seven months.(C)Eight months.(D)Nine months.20.(A)The children’s attitude.(B)The children’s test scores.(C)Both the children’s attitude and test scores.(D)Both the teachers’and the children’s attitude.SECTION2:READING TEST(30minutes)Directions:In this section you will read several passages.Each one is followed by se veral questions about it.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C)or(D),to ea ch question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is state d or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the co rresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions1—5Anyone who doubts that children are born with a healthy amount of ambition need s pend only a few minutes with a baby eagerly learning to walk or a headstrong toddler sta rting to talk.No matter how many times the little ones stumble in their initial efforts,mo st keep on trying,determined to master their amazing new skill.It is only several years l ater,around the start of middle or junior high school,many psychologists and teachers ag ree,that a good number of kids seem to lose their natural drive to succeed and end up j oining the ranks of underachievers.For the parents of such kids,whose own ambition is often inextricably tied to their children’s success,it can be a bewildering,painful experience.So it’s no wonder some parents find themselves hoping that,just maybe,ambition can be taught like any other subject at school.It’s not quite that simple.“Kids can be given the opportunities to become passionate about a subject or activity,but they can’t be forced,”says Jacquelynne Eccles,a psycholo gy professor at the University of Michigan,who led a landmark,25-year study examining what motivated first-and seventh-grades in three school districts.Even so,a growing num ber of educators and psychologists do believe it is possible to unearth ambition in student s who don’t seem to have much.They say that by instilling confidence,encouraging some risk taking,being accepting of failure and expanding the areas in which children may be successful,both parents and teachers can reignite that innate desire to achieve.Figuring out why the fire went out is the first step.Assuming that a kid doesn’t suff er from an emotional or learning disability,or isn’t involved in some family crisis at hom e,many educators attribute a sudden lack of motivation to a fear of failure or peer pressu re that conveys the message that doing well academically somehow isn’t cool.“Kids get s o caught up in the moment-to-moment issue of will they look smart or dumb,and it bloc ks them from thinking about the long term,”says Carol Dweck,a psychology professor at Stanford.“You have to teach them that they are in charge of their intellectual growth.”Over the past couple of years,Dweck has helped run an experimental workshop with Ne w York City public school seventh-graders to do just that.Dubbed Brainology,the unorth odox approach uses basic neuroscience to teach kids how the brain works and how it can continue to develop throughout life.“The message is that everything is within the kids’control,that their intelligence is malleable,”says Lisa Blackwell,a research scientist at Co lumbia University who has worked with Dweck to develop and run the program,which h as helped increase the students’interest in school and turned around their declining mathgrades.More than any teacher or workshop,Blackwell says,“parents can play a critical r ole in conveying this message to their children by praising their effort,strategy and progr ess rather than emphasizing their‘smartness’or praising high performance alone.Most of all,parents should let their kids know that mistakes are a part of learning.”Some experts say our education system,with its strong emphasis on testing and rigid separation of students into different levels of ability,also bears blame for the disappearan ce of drive in some kids.“These programs shut down the motivation of all kids who are n’t considered gifted and talented.They destroy their confidence,”says Jeff Howard,a soc ial psychologist and president of the Efficacy Institute,a Boston-area organization that wor ks with teachers and parents in school districts around the country to help improve childre n’s academic performance.Howard and other educators say it’s important to expose kids t o a world beyond homework and tests,through volunteer work,sports,hobbies and other extracurricular activities.“The crux of the issue is that many students experience education as irrelevant to their life goals and ambitions,”says Michael Nakkual,a Harvard educatio n professor who runs a Boston-area mentoring program called Project IF(Inventing the Fu ture),which works to get low-income underachievers in touch with their aspirations.Thekey to getting kids to aim higher at school is to disabuse them of the notion that classwo rk is irrelevant,to show them how doing well at school can actually help them fulfill their dreams beyond it.Like any ambitious toddler,they need to understand that you have tolearn to walk before you can run.1.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the first paragraph?(A)Children are born with a kind of healthy ambition.(B)How a baby learns to walk and talk.(C)Ambition can be taught like other subjects at school.(D)Some teenage children lose their drive to succeed.2.According to some educators and psychologists,all of the following would be help ful to cultivate students’ambition to succeed EXCEPT________.(A)stimulating them to build up self-confidence(B)cultivating the attitude of risk taking(C)enlarging the areas for children to succeed(D)making them understand their family crisis3.What is the message that peer pressure conveys to children?(A)A sudden lack of motivation is attributed to the student’s failure.(B)Book knowledge is not as important as practical experience.(C)Looking smart is more important for young people at school.(D)To achieve academic excellence should not be treated as the top priority.4.The word“malleable”in the clause“that their intelligence is malleable,”(para.3) most probably means capable of being________.(A)altered and developed(B)blocked and impaired(C)sharpened and advanced(D)replaced and transplanted5.The expression“to disabuse them of the notion”(para.4)can be paraphrased as__ ______.(A)to free them of the idea(B)to help them understand the idea(C)to imbue them with the notion(D)to inform them of the concept Questions6—10Civil-liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had someth ing else to worry about last week:the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the g overnment has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavi or.All but Google have handed over data,and now the Department of Justice has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not relat ed to national security,but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornogr aphy.In1998,Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act(COPA),but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns.In its appeal,the DOJ wan ts to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore.In order to conduct a cont rolled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wa nts to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines.It would then use those terms to do its own searches,employing the different kinds of filters ea ch search engine offers,in an attempt to quantify how often“material that is harmful to minors”might appear.Google contends that since it is not a party to the case,the govern ment has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test.“We intend t o resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actu al search terms,and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determi ne the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.)Originally,the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July2005;the request has been sc aled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites,the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net.“We think that o ur filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam,group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related tes t,it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and,perhaps,subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching.What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?Says the DOJ’sMiller,“I’m assuming that if something raised alarms,we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld,it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior.One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information,but the company hopes to eventually use the p ersonal information of consenting customers to improve search performance.“Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl,an Electronic Frontier Foundation a ttorney.“They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”6.When the American government asked Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior,the major intention is_________.(A)to protect national security(B)to help protect personal freedom(C)to monitor Internet pornography(D)to implement the Child Online Protection Act7.Google refused to turn over“its proprietary information”(para.2)required by DOJ a s it believes that________.(A)it is not involved in the court case(B)users’privacy is most important(C)the government has violated the First Amendment(D)search terms is the company’s business secret8.The phrase“scaled back to”in the sentence“the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para.3)can be replaced by_________.(A)maximized to(B)minimized to(C)returned to(D)reduced to9.In the sentence“One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4),the expression“sink its own case”most probably means that_________.(A)counterattack the opposition(B)lead to blocking of porn sites(C)provide evidence to disprove the case(D)give full ground to support the case10.When Kurt Opsahl says that“They should be able to take advantage of the Inter net without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5),the express ion“Big Brother”is used to refer to_________.(A)a friend or relative showing much concern(B)a colleague who is much more experienced(C)a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D)a benevolent and democratic organizationQuestions11—15On New Year’s Day,50,000inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch.This was not s ome mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions.It was an extraordinary human itarian gesture:the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charit y Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5million Kenyans who,because of a severe drou ght,are threatened with starvation.The drought is big news in Africa,affecting huge area s of east Africa and the Horn.If you are reading this in the west,however,you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories.Even if you do know about th e drought,you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportiona tely:the pastoralists.There are20million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight enc apsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance of governments,aid agencies and foreign l enders to support the herders’traditional way of life.Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists,even though it has been demonstrate d time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and thatmoving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often more productive,in terms of protein and cash per hectare,than Australian,American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions.They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies.In Kenya,for example,the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth$800million peryear.In countries such as Burkina Faso,Eritrea and Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists’her ds make up over10per cent of export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits.One reason is that only a trickle of th e profits goes to the herders themselves;the lion’s share is pocketed by traders.This is p artly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famin e,when they need the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in this situation never w ork in their favour.Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the pro blems in the1960s,investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work.Firstly,no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wante d.Secondly,rearing livestock took precedence over human progress.The policies and strat egies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their col onial predecessors.They were based on two false assumptions:that pastoralism is primitiv e and inefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to m odern ranching models;and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching.They cannot.Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message.One example is i ntervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remain ing livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive(the problem in Afric an famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it).Another examp。
2011年9月口语真题
Part One总体格局变化不大，上一季度的大部分考题保留，同时有些老话题翻新后重新粉墨登场。
同学们在复习过程中可以依然参考所有的常规话题，按照Topic的形式进行复习。
一些第三季度的热门话题，如：flowers, birds, concert, number, science, collecting, computer and internet, email and letters, time management还将继续，请同学们继续“撒网”。
Your accommodation1.Do you live in a house or an apartment?2.How do you describe your room？3.What would it be if you could change something about your home?4.What part of your home do you like best?Photographs（重点准备照相机的话题）1.Do you like taking photos?2.How often do you take photos?3.Do you prefer photos of scenery or of people?4.Do people like to take photos in your country?5.Do you think it’s important to have a good camera?6.How is traditional ways of taking photos different from modern ways?7.What’s the main difference between digital cameraWeekends1.What do you do in your spare time?2.What do you usually do on weekends?3.Do people in your country do the similar kinds of things?4.Do you prefer to spend weekends with your family or with your friends?Meals1.Do you know how to cook?2.What food do people usually eat?3.Do you prefer eat at home or eat out?4.Do you usually eat your meals with your family?5.What is good about eating with family?Colors1.What’s your favorite color?2.Are colors important to you?3.Were colors important to you when you were a child?4.Is color very important to you when you are buying clothes?Primary school（重点准备，老题翻新）1.Can you describe your primary school?2.Was it far from your home?3.How did you go to your primary school?4.Do you remember the first day in your primary school?Weather and seasons1.What’s the weather like where you live?2.What season do you like best?3.What do you usually do in your favorite season?4.Do you like rainy weather?5.Has the weather changed much in your country?Birthday（重点准备，老题翻新）1.Do you spend birthday with your family?2.How do you usually celebrate your birthday?3.Is it popular for people in your country to celebrate birthday in this way?4.Is it important to celebrate birthday in your country?5.Is certain age important or special to people in your country?Noise and sound1.Where do you find most noisy in your city?2.What kinds of sound do you like?3.Is there any sound you find particular annoying?4.How do noises or sound affect your life like study or work?5.Do you think there will be more noise or less noise in the future? Painting and drawing1.Do you like painting?2.Did you do painting or drawing when you were a child?3.Do you think it is important for children to learn how to paint?4.What benefits do you think people get from painting or drawing? Animals and pets1.Do you like animals?2.Do you raise any animal as pet?3.What kinds of people do you think like to raise pets?4.Do you think pets are important?5.What was your favorite animal when you were a child?6.What do you think are the benefits of a child having a pet?Swimming1.Do you know how to swim?2.Do you prefer to swim in the sea or in a swimming pool?3.Is swimming very popular in your country?4.How do children learn swimming in your country?5.What do you think are the benefits of learning how to swim? Collecting1. Did you collect anything (such as stamps or CD's) when you were a child?2. Do you still collect them now?3. Do you collect anything as a hobby now?4. Why do you like collecting things?5. Do people in your country like to collect things?6. Why do you think people like collecting things?7. What are some examples of things that some people collect (as a hobby)?8. Do you think you will collect anything in the future?9. If you had a lot of money, what would you like to collect?Clothes and Fashion1. Do you like shopping for clothes?2. Where do you buy your clothes?3. Where do you think you can buy the most fashionable clothes?4. Where do you usually buy your clothes?5. When was the last time you went shopping for clothes?6. Do you think men and women think the same about clothes?7. Do you like to try on clothes before you buy them? (Why?/Why not?)8. What are the benefits of following fashion?9. Do you think your tastes in fashion will be the same when you are old?News1. How do you usually get your news? *2. Do you prefer to read newspapers or watch TV to get your news? NC3. What news topics are you most interested in watching/reading about? N4. Do you ever get your news from the internet? N5. How important do you think the news is?Traveling1. Do you like travelling?2. Where do you like to go when you go traveling?3. Have you ever traveled for a long time? = Have you (ever) been on any long trips?4. Do you like long trips?5. Why do you think traveling is so popular nowadays?6. Do you think finding out about other people's culture is important? (Why?)Reading1. Do you like reading books? (Why?/Why not?)2. What (kinds of ) books do you like to read?3. Did you read much when you were a child?4. What (kinds of) books did you like reading when you were a child?5. Do (young) children like reading books?6. For children, what do you think are the benefits of reading?7. What do you think are the benefits of reading to children?Part Two九月确实出现了很多新鲜的话题卡，但由于网上的回忆中用词的表达不一定精准，所以我们会根据考生的回忆不断更新最细话题卡。
2011年9月高级口译考试真题与解析
2011年9月高级口译考试原文与解析【Spot Dictation】What’s in a surname? You may ask. A new website project has been released, that helps you locate your past. Have you ever wondered why your ancestors gathered where they did, or where others with your surname live now.A research project investigating the distribution of surnames in Britain answers these questions. And another study has found the surnames are still extremely regional.Smith, for example, remains the most common surname in Britain, used by more than half a million people. It has exactly the same concentration it always did in Lerwick, in the Scottish Shetland Islands. Jones is the No. 2 surname, and is the most common among hill farmers in north Wales.The data used for this project comes partly from electoral register. A number of other files are held by Ex-pairing, which is probably Britain's largest collector of data about individuals.There're some of us who are fairly predictable. Campbell, for example, as you might expect, is somewhat concentrated in the northern parts of Scotland, and it appears really bizarre to be found somewhere else.Well, with 25, 000 names as difficult to generalize, what you can do is put them in general categories, if, for example, you look at names which are people's work. Like the name, Webber, you might find it is much more common in the Midlands than in the south of England. If you go to Wales, most people get their names from their ancestors and in Yorkshire for example, a lot of people have names based on the places that they originally lived in or at least their ancestors did.Well, we only have 25, 000 names on this website, but there're another 50, 000names now found in Britain and they're particularly interesting, for they arenon-British names. Most British names are fairly common and about what we can now do as such is look for the frequency of all names from different parts of the world and different faiths, religions and languages. And what there is in names is actually extremely useful for researchers in anthropology and sociology may find a lot about different immigrant groups and their descendants now living in this country.【Listening Comprehension】Listening Comprehension 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.W：We heard up there that if you are turned down the first time, you try and persevere, but I can’t imagine going back to a boss after you have been turned down.M：Don’t give up. It’s so important not to give up. The first thing that you wanna do is try to understand what the situation is, engage in some candid conversation. I understand that you weren’t happy with my proposal or you are not able to approve it at this time. Tell me what some of your concerns are, because asking for a change in schedule is often about negotiation. So, maybe we can come up with some type of alternative or middle ground, and if that’s not possible right now, let’s se t a timetable for when we can revisit it, because what’s not possible today, could be plausible in 3 or 6 months from now, because circumstances and attitudes change. So don’t give up.W：Right! You don’t have to be a pest.M：That’s right.W：But just don’t give up quietly. OK. We hear bosses saying,” I can’t have people just wake up one day and say, ‘I need more time off’”, what are they really saying?M: That’s right. You can’t walk i n and just make those demands. The bottom lineis bosses really do want us to be happy, but not at the expense of productivity. And any type of a change in schedule, any type of flexibility, really, is an accommodation, not an entitlement, and so it doesn’t matter why I am asking, whether it’s “I am a mom, and I need more time with my kids.” or “I am a dad who wants to coach a soccer team.” It doesn’t matter what my reasons are for asking. I have to be able to convince the boss that I’m gonna produce result s. W: That’s one of these reasons you should say over and over again. Don’t go in with the pressing problem. Go in with the pressing solution.M: Solutions really are your way to victory, not always. But you are definitely not gonna succeed, if you go in with a laundry list of problems. If I come and I say: “I’m so sick of my commute. I really have to work from home one day a week.” W: But maybe the most skepticism raised by bosses is about the fact that you’re really gonna do as much or even more work. How do you convince your boss that you mean it that more work will be done. How do you convince and then show them.M: Offer benchmarks. It’s the best solution that you can provide. Because you are gonna say here is the proposal that I have. And here is h ow we’re gonna measure the results. Because I know results are important to you, and are important to me, too. So maybe we’re gonna have a conversation for 50 minutes every two weeks. So that we understand how the flow of communication is working. And if y ou are not happy, or I’m not happy, we have the ability to make changes along the way.W: Right.M: Flexibility is the key. In terms of getting these special accommodations, because I might say I want to work from home every Friday. But you know what? If there is a pressing business need, I will swap days. I will be here on that Friday，and so being flexible with this arrangement, with this propose change of schedule. Hopes you get control of your life, and keep the boss happy.1.What are the two people talking about?2. What is the bottom line for the bosses on the matter according to the man?3. What is the best solution to the issue being discussed in the conversation?4.Which of the following statements is true according to the conversation?5. What is the relationship between the two speakers most probably? Listening Comprehension 2Question 6 to 10 are based on the following news.Huston USAFederal authorities have shut down dozens of web domains as part of a crackdown on trafficking in counterfeit goods or copyrighted works. Internet users attempting to access the websites now are greeted by a notice that the sites have been seized by the Department of Homeland Security’s Immig ration and Customs Enforcement.‘The coordinated federal law enforcement operation targeted online retailers of a diverse array of counterfeit goods, including sports equipment, shoes, handbags and sun-glasses as well as illegal copies of copyrighted DVD boxed sets, music and software,’ the Justice Department said the crackdown involved the seizure of 82 sites. Twelve of the cases were investigated by Houston-based agents with Homeland Security Investigations, but most of the sites are based overseas, particularly in east Asia, according to the Houston office of Homeland Security Investigations.Canberra, AustriaSouth Africa and Australia have said the next managing director of the International Monetary Fund should be appointed on merit and not nationality. The pair say the current appointment system undermines the IMF's legitimacy. The body has always been headed by a European, and UK chancellor George Osborne has backed Christine Lagarde, French economy minister, for the post.The position is vacant after Dominique Strauss-Kahn resigned last week so he could fight sexual assault charges.For too long, the IMF's legitimacy has been undermined by a convention to appoint its senior management on the basis of their nationality," Australian Treasurer Wayne Swan and South African Finance Minister Pravin Gordhan said in a joint statement.In order to maintain trust, credibility and legitimacy in the eyes of its stakeholders, there must be an open and transparent selection process which results in the most competent person being appointed as managing director, regardless of their nationality.Kabul AfghanistanSuicide bombers wielding machine guns have stormed a government building in eastern Afghanistan, officials say.Initial reports say at least three gunmen wearing suicide vests shot their way into the traffic police headquarters in Khost city.Security forces have surrounded the compound and a gun battle is taking place, police say. At least one person is reported to have been killed. The attack comes a day after a suicide bombing in Kabul killed at least six.In the latest attack, a guard was killed in the initial assault which happened at about 5 o’clock on Sunday, said the army commander for Khost province.The provincial police chief told the local news agency that there were three other police officers who had been wounded. The Taliban said it carried out the attack.London, UKThe first service that allows users to pay for purchases via their mobile phone has been launched in the UK.Users wishing to use the system - dubbed Quick T ap - will need Orange and Barclaycard accounts as well as a handset set up for contactless payments.The idea of the mobile wallet is gaining popularity around Europe.“Having a wallet on my phone has made it much more convenient to make purchases on the move and I like that it allows me to keep track of what I'mspending as I go," said David Chan, chief executive of Barclaycard Consumer. Later this summer, users will also be able to use the service to pay the toll on the M6 motorway.Richyvic IcelandThe Icelandic authorities have imposed a local flight ban after the country’s most active volcano, Grimsvotn, began erupting. A plume of smoke has risen 12 miles into the sky from the volcano. But Iceland's Meteorological Office says the eruption should not cause widespread disruption to air traffic. Last year, ash clouds from another Icelandic volcano, led to the closure of a large section of European airspace. Governments feared that ash particles could cause aircraft engines to fail, andthe closure caused chaos to air travelers. The Icelandic civil aviation authority has imposed a flight ban of 120 nautical miles around Grimsvotn. The authority spokeswoman said: "We have closed the area until we know better what effect the ash will have." "The ash in Grimsvotn is more coarse and not as likely to cause danger as it falls to the ground faster and doesn't stay as long in the air as the eruption last year."Domestic airline Icelandair said no traffic had been affected.6.the US federal authorities shut down 82 web sites trafficking and counterfeit goods, in which part of the world are most of these sites based?7.On which of the following factors should IMF boss be appointed according to Austria and South African officials?8.At least how many people are reported to have been killed when suicide bombers storm an Afghan police base on Sunday?9.What new service has recently been offered to UK shoppers?10. Which of the following is true about the latest eruption of Iceland’s most active volcano?Listening Comprehension 3Questions 11-15 are based on the following interview.W: Remember the setting for the movie the Truman show？It looked like a nice place to live. Well, for the most part, it wasn’t a set .The town actually exists and it was built on the concept of new Urbanism, the idea of using architecture and planning to nurture civic ties and to encourage interaction between neighbors. In central Florida, the World Disney Company is running its own experiment in new urbanism, a town called Celebration. Andrew Ross is a professor of American studies at New York University. He spent a year living in Celebration, getting to know the town and its people. Now Professor Ross, could you say something about this?M: The town more or less borrows very heavily from new urbanized principles. That’s the town-planning movement that is pledged to create environmentally friendly alternatives to sprawl and to create communities around people rather than automobiles. But many aspects of that kind of design of town are really aimed at maximizing social interaction between residents.W: And from your point of view, this would be laudable goals? I mean you go to some horrible sprawl communities and places like southern California, and you’ll see houses that only present garage doors to the street, and a community set-up where you absolutely have to drive to every single place and no one ever sees each other.M: And what make Celebration unique? There are many things that make celebration unique but one of them is the very high level of media scrutiny. By the time I got there to spend my year in Celebration, this was a community of folks who are already the most scrutinized people on the planet and that generated a very high level of performance anxiety among the folks living there. Really, that trickle down all the way from the Disney boardrooms to the school restrooms, ceaselessly assessing how the community was doing, whether it was creating a vibrant sense of interaction and participation and whether it wasbeing a success or a failure.W: Now, despite all the planning that went into Celebration, it evolved in what turned out to be unpredictable ways. A lot of people were disappointed there, some people less disappointed.M: A lot of folks who moved in there had very high expectations. A goodly number of them were Disney files, who had been accustomed to high levels of customer satisfaction from the company in their vacation experiences. Obviously, those high expectations would be inevitably thwarted at some level. But most folks, and we are talking about a self-selected group of pioneers who moved in there, were people who had moved from the cheerless isolation of a lot of other suburban places, were very hungry for community, very much looking for a town where they could fully participate and create and define the sense of community there.W: What about the attempts of the planners to engineer community where there will be a mixture of incomes? Was that effective?M: Initially it was effective and this is highly unusual in the American housing landscape to find fairly pricy houses just a spit away from multi-family rental apartment buildings. You just don’t find that anywhere in American housing landscape. The problem is that a lot of new Urbanist Towns like Celebration become commercially successful and Celebration has indeed been that. What happens is the housing prices rise and the low-inco me folks can’t afford to live there anymore. That’s already beginning to happen. There were working-class people who I knew in Celebration who had moved in there as pioneers and Lord knows how they made ends meet and they did. Certainly, it wasn’t cheap to live in town but increasingly those low-income folks won’t be able to afford that.11. About which of the following is Professor Ross being interviewed?12. Which of the following is not promised by new urbanized principles?13 . What, among many other things, makes the town of Celebration unique?14 . What can we probably tell about Celebration from the interview?15. Which of the following statements is true about those who had?Listening Comprehension 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.Hello, I’m Amber and you’re listening to BBC learning . In London life today, we sit down to a traditional British breakfast in a smart London restaurant and a ‘greasy-spoon café’! A ‘greasy-spoon café’, or ‘caff’, is the opposite of a smart restaurant!We find out what the traditional British breakfast is made of, and why it is becoming more and more popular, especially in London, to eat breakfast in a café before arriving at the office for a hard day’s work.Now let’s listen to what an American anthropologist, Kaori O’Connor says. According to Kaori O’Connor, strangers to England have a ‘vague vision’, an unclear picture in their minds, of what the traditional British breakfast is –perhaps it’s served from silver dishes on a grand ‘sideboard’. As you listen, try to catch what Kaori lists as the three main ingredients of the great British breakfast.She says ‘It’s a meal that everyone outside of England has heard of, and dreams about, and we don’t know what it is, but when we come h ere, we want to eat it. And we have some vague vision of, you know, a sideboard with silver dishes and it’s just going to be the most wonderful thing on earth and I got here, and I went to a café and there was the bacon, eggs and chips, and I thought –gos h, is this all there is?!’Did you catch it? Kaori says she went into a London café for breakfast and there it was ‘bacon, eggs and chips’! Bacon is meat from a pig that has been salted and dried, and it is fried for a traditional English breakfast!The eggs are usually fried too, and there is also usually some kind of bread – perhaps fried bread or even, as Kaori saw, chips –fried potatoes! So now let’s go to a smart London restaurant where chef Lawrence Keogh is frying atraditional breakfast! You can hear the sizzling in the background! He explains why he eats breakfast –the egg and bacon are ‘protein’, for example – protein is healthy. ‘it keeps you going all day’. It’s ‘sustenance’, nourishment, healthy food.As you listen, try to catch what he say s is a new trend, or fashion in London’s top restaurants.Lawrence Keogh says ‘I think it’s fundamental to the start of the day. If I’ve got a long day at work, I try and eat egg and bacon in the morning because it’s protein – it keeps you going all day. You know really, we do a lot of business meetings as well now in the morning –the place is very busy – and I think you see it across London now, there’s lots more people having business meetings in top restaurants and it’s getting very fashionable to have breakfast.’ Well, Did you catch it? Laurence says that more and more people are having ‘business meetings in top restaurants and it’s getting very fashionable to have breakfast.’Well our last stop today is a greasy-spoon café. Russell Davies is an expert on these! He’s written a book called ‘Egg, Bacon, Chips and Beans: 50 Great Cafes and the Stuff That Makes Them Great’. He explains what makes a great breakfast in a down-market London café. He writes in the book ‘I would say the café experience, you kno w, it’s less than 50% the food, as it were, there’s also the atmosphere, there’s the fact that in a decent cafe, they’re not going to hurry you out. There’s the smells, there’s the sounds, you know, the badly-tuned radio, the eccentric art on the wall, the kind of odd condiment choice and most cafes are so small that it’s the best place for eavesdropping and just kind of listening to other people’s conversations16. What is the main topic of this talk?17. Which of the following is usually not included in the great British breakfast?18. What’s the new trend or fashion in London’s top restaurants according to Chef Lawrence Keogh?19. Which of the following does not make the atmosphere in a down-marketLondon café?20. What can we conclude about a traditional British breakfast from the talk? 【Translation Test(英译汉)】1. In the coming decades, Europe’s influence on a ffairs beyond its borders will be sharply limited, and it is in other regions, not Europe, that the 21st century will be most clearly forged and defined. Certainly, one reason for NATO’s increasing marginalization stems from the behavior of its European members. With NATO, critical decisions are still made nationally; much of the talk about a common defense policy remains just that — talk. There is little specialization or coordination. Missing as well are many of the logistical and intelligence assets needed to project military force on distant battlefields. With the Cold War and the Soviet threat a distant memory, there is little political willingness, on a country-by-country basis, to provide adequate public funds to the military.在接下来的几十年里，欧洲对国际事务的影响力将会锐减，推动和定义21世纪的将是世界上的其他地区，绝非欧洲。
9月高级口译听力真题Listening Comprehension
9月高级口译听力真题Listening Comprehension2011年9月中高级口译考试正在进行中，考后将为考生第一时间提供真题、解析、答案，敬请关注。
2011年9月高级口译上半场听力真题文本及音频，考生千万不可错过哦！Listening Comprehension 1W：We heard up there that if you are turned down the first time, you try and persevere, but I can’t imagine going back to a boss after you have been turned down.M：Don’t give up. It’s so important not to give up. The first thing that you wanna do is try to understand what the situation is, engage in some candid conversation. I understand that you weren’t happy with my proposal or you are not able to approve it at this time. Tell me what some of your concerns are, because asking for a change in schedule is often about negotiation. So, maybe we can come up with some type of alternative or middle ground, and if that’s not possible right now, let’s set a timetable for when we can revisit it, because what’s not possible today, could be plausible in 3 or 6 months from now, because circumstances and attitudes change. So don’t give up.W：Right! You don’t have to be a pest.M：That’s right.W：But just don’t give up quietly. OK. We hear bosses saying,” I can’t have people just wake up one day and say, ‘I need more time off’”, what are they really saying?M: That’s right. You can’t walk in and just make those demands. The bottom line is bosses really do want us to be happy, but not at the expense of productivity. And any type of a change in schedule, any type of flexibility, really, is an accommodation, not an entitlement, and so it doesn’t matter why I am asking, whether it’s “I am a mom, and I need more time with my kids.” or “I am a dad who wants to coach a soccerteam.” It doesn’t matter what my reasons are for asking. I have to be able to convince the boss that I’m gonna produce results.W: That’s one of these reasons you should say over and over again. Don’t go in with the pressing problem. Go in with the pressing solution.M: Solutions really are your way to victory, not always. But you are definitely not gonna succeed, if you go in with a laundry list of problems. If I come and I say: “I’m so sick of my commute. I really have to work from home one day a week.”W: But maybe the most skepticism raised by bosses is about the fact that you’re really gonna do as much or even more work. How do you convince your boss that you mean it that more work will be done. How do you convince and then show them.M: Offer benchmarks. It’s the best solution that you can provide. Because you are gonna say here is the proposal that I have. And here is how we’re gonna measure the results. Because I know results are important to you, and are important to me, too. So maybe we’re gonna have a conversation for 50 minutes every two weeks. So that we understand how the flow of communication is working. And if you are not happy, or I’m not happy, we have the ability to make changes along the way.W: Right.M: Flexibility is the key. In terms of getting these special accommodations, because I might say I want to work from home every Friday. But you know what? If there is a pressing business need, I will swap days. I will be here on that Friday，and so being flexible with this arrangement, with this propose change of schedule. Hopes you get control of your life, and keep the boss happy.Q1 What are the two people talking about?Q2 What is the bottom line for the bosses on the matter according to the man?Q3 What is the best solution to the issue being discussed in the conversation? Q4 Which of the following statements is true according to the conversation? Q5 What is the relationship between the two speakers most probably?。
2011年9月上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题试卷(精选)(题后含答案及解析)
2011年9月上海市高级口译第二阶段口试真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. 口译题口译题Part A Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal.., and stop it at the signal...You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.听力原文：Many people who do yoga are looking not inward but outward for a good shape．This provokesa cultural clash of the East and the West．The Indian tradition develops ways of describing the body as it is experienced，from the inside out．The Western tradition looks at the body from the outside in，and peels it back one layer at a time，and it believes only what it can see．The East treats the person；the West treats the disease．Yoga relaxes you and，by relaxing，heals．// When you do yoga--the deep breathing，the stretching，the movements that release muscle tension，and so on—you initiate a process that turns the fight system off and turns the relaxation response on，that has a dramatic effect on the body．The heartbeat siows，respiration decreases，blood pressure decreases．The body seizes this chance to turn on the healing mechanisms．Yogaoffers modern men and women a moment of relaxation when noise and agitation are everywhere．1．Passage 1正确答案：许多瑜珈练习者并不在意瑜珈的内涵，而更注重它给自己身体带来的外在变化。
口译内部真题、考官点评及权威参考答案
口译内部真题、考官点评及权威参考答案2011年下半年口译内部真题、考官点评及权威参考答案2011年下半年高级口译资格证书第二阶段考试已落下帷幕，回顾今年试题及考生情况，有几点体会与考生分享，供今后复习备考参考。
1）重视教材，领会透彻，训练扎实。
充分利用高口教程，熟悉教程内容。
和历年一样，今年第二阶段的试题均涉及高级口译资格证书口译教材内容，分别为第12课的中国发展（英译中）和第9课的文化交流（中译英）。
这验证了一句话：如果觉得题目难，很大程度上是因为对它不熟悉。
如果没有事先看过口译书，将会很吃亏。
同时，练习时不能只看书，而应做到手，耳，口三者结合。
口译将听、写、说三方面结合起来，所以练习时一定要注重速记和口头翻译的锻炼。
在练习过程中，要有意识地将自己口译录下来，在回放过程中寻找自己的不足。
根据考生经验，这一点对备考很有帮助。
总之，妥善利用口译教程定将助力第二阶段考试。
试看以下四例，尤其关注划线部分常用结构、词汇以及相对应的表达，这些都是考生应试过程中或多或少出现问题的部分。
例1这个月中美两国的学生开展了为期半个月的“美中城市学生看中国”活动。
两国学生在河北八卦岭走访农家，参加农村社区服务活动，互相教授英语和汉语；在北京参观长城、故宫等景点，并就校园生活、升学、就业等主题进行交流。
这段考生总体表现较好，部分考生熟练度不够，语法小错误较多。
“开展”这类常规词考生应十分熟练并常备几个词替换，如：launch, conduct, carry out等；“为期”因与时间短语搭配常用作前置修饰语，建议使用如译文提供的简单表达方式，以节约时间。
专题活动、会议等名称英语惯用语多为名词或介词短语，极少出现动词结构或完整句形式，否则易出现语法错误。
除约定俗成的专有名称，其他地名一般按拼音译即可。
“就……问题／主题进行讨论／交换意见／交流”也是口译常用句型，须脱口而出，如：“hold talks / exchangeviews on issues concerning…/ on such issues as…”。
2011高翻英汉互译(同传)
2011北外高翻英汉互译（同传）一、It is not a coincidence 巧合，符合，一致that the global economy is experiencing the most severe严重的case 实情，情况of unemployment失业，失业率during the worst economic crisis since the Great Depression. Unemployment is highly dependent on 依靠的，依赖的，取决于，，，的economic activity活动，活力; in fact, growth and unemployment can be thought of as two sides of the same coin硬币: when economic activity is high, more production happens overall总体的，全面的, and more people are needed to produce the higher amount of goods and services. And when economic activity is low, firms cut jobs and unemployment rises. In that sense, unemployment is countercyclical反周期的, meaning that it rises when economic growth is low and vice versa.反之亦然2011.5.12 12:50全球正经历这自大萧条以来最严重的经济危机，与此同时失业率也居高不下。
这两者休戚相关。
经济增长和失业率就像一枚硬币上的两面一样，相互影响。
失业率的降低依赖于经济的活力的增加。
经济增长快经济活动频繁时，人们需要更多的产品，需要更多的劳动力生产产品或提供劳务。
9月中级口译听力部分passagetranslation答案+评析-口译笔译考试.doc
9月中级口译听力部分passagetranslation答案+评析-口译笔译考试.doc9月中级口译听力部分passage translation 答案+评析-口译笔译考试2011年9月中高级口译考试已经结束，下面为9月中级口译听力部分passage translation答案+评析。
Passage 1Most people in Britain like drinking tea. Britons drink a quarter of all the tea grown in the world each year. They are the world’s greatest tea drinkers. Many of them drink it on at least 8 different occasions during the day. They drink it between meals and at meals. They drink early morning tea in bed. Some morning tea drinkers have automatic tea-making machines connected to their alarm clocks. They also drink afternoon tea in their sitting room or in their gardens.大多数英国人喜欢喝茶。
英国人每年可以喝掉世界上生产的四分之一的茶叶。
他们是世界上茶叶最大的消费人群。
许多英国人一天至少喝茶8次。
他们在饭前饭后喝茶，早上刚起床就喝茶。
一些早上起床喝茶的人们甚至把自己的制茶机和闹钟设定在一起。
他们在起居室，或者自己的花园里，也喜欢喝下午茶。
评析：这篇听译中，考生要注意对数字的记忆和理解。
难点在后面的3个喝茶时间(tea between meals, morning tea, afternoon tea 的信息捕捉和分析。
9月高级口译阅读第一篇原文(昂立)
9月高级口译阅读第一篇原文(昂立)2011年秋季上海中高级口译考试将于9月18日开考，为了帮助考生朋友第一时间得知自己的考试情况，考试大将会在考后第一时间为您发布9月18日上海中高级口译考试真题及答案，敬请关注！本文为2011年9月高级口译阅读原文第一篇。
Great to see the article I’d written on the role of charities in health published this morning. It reads well (he says modestly!). Here it is in case you missed it;Charities can offer better service than the NHSStop arguing over private or public delivery on health and choose what is best for patientsSt John’s Hospital in Bath was established in 1180 to provide healing and homes by the bubbling spa springs for the poor and infirm. The charity is still there 830 years later: a much valued health and care service for the elderly.This demonstrates our country’s great charitable tradition in health. The Government’s desire to put citizens and patients first is both core to the current health reforms and a guiding mission for the country’s great charities and social enterprises. The words of the Health Secretary, Andrew Lansley, “no decision about me, without me”, are our driving passion.We have a dual role: to deliver health services, undertake research and provide care and compassion to those most in need; and to act as an advocate and adviser. We are sometimes a challenger of the health establishment and always a doughty champion for patients.For these reforms to be a success we must ensure a much stronger role for the third sector. That is why we strongly support the policy of “any willing provider”. The previous Government was profoundly mistaken in pursuing a policy of the NHS as“preferred provider”, which implied that services from our sector were less valued than the State’s. In fact, through a big expansion of the role of charities and social enterprises in providing care, we can provide more cost-effective and citizen-focused services.This is not about privatisation. What matters is what is delivered, not who delivers it. This must be at the heart of health service reform.Charities can offer a better deal in so many ways. In 2008 the NHS spent just over 0.05 per cent of its healthcare budget through charities. In other words this is a virtually untapped resource waiting to be used.To me, competition in the NHS means British Red Cross volunteers being able to help more people to adapt to life at home after a lengthy spell in hospital, so preventing the need for readmission. Those who get this support are often aged over 65 and have experienced a fall. V olunteers bring them home, settle them in, advise neighbours or relatives of their return, check on pets, help to prepare a meal and make a further visit to ensure that they are safe and well. Such schemes can save the typical NHS commissioner up to 1 million a year.Competition in the NHS would also mean an environmental charity such as BTCV running more “green gyms”, which give people a physical workout while taking part in environmental projects. So far, more than 10,000 people — often referred by GPs —have taken part. An evaluation found that the positive impact on mental and physical health, not to mention the acquisition of new skills, means that the State saves 153 for every 100 it invests. On top of that, it has a positive impact on local communities and the environment. Do we want less of this or more? I suspect that for most of us the answer is obvious.Those who rely most on the NHS are the vulnerable, the very people charities were set up to help, precisely because they were being let down by the status quo. If groups such as the Red Cross and BTCV can do a better job than the NHS, we should let them.Promoting wellbeing and preventing ill health have for too long been neglected aspects of the NHS’s role. These reforms rightly put emphasis on public health. Giving a role in health back to local councils is long overdue. The new health and wellbeing boards may provide the opportunity to get more resources behind public health as well as, for the first time, giving elected councillors the chance to scrutinise NHS resources. Preventing diabetes through better education, diet and exercise is always a better approach than picking up the costs of a growing number of people with diabetes. Charities such as Diabetes UK, working with councils and GPs, are critical to achieving that.Of course there are challenges in introducing reforms. Of course proper funding is crucial. We want to ensure that there is a strategic approach to commissioning, including national guidelines. We want the new GP consortia to take full advantage of the opportunity to expand their work with our sector.The challenge we face as a country is to build on the sure foundations of our NHS to provide service that recognises and expands the work of charities, promotes partnerships between State, third and private sectors and moves on from arcane arguments over privatisation.And The Times also had a brilliant summary of the problems of Big Society and how to solve them by Phil Collins and a great letter from my Chair in response to the Francis Maude MP article.I’m blogging from H M Treasury where the Prime Minister has been announcing new procurement and commissioning arrangements to free up the process for SMEs and charities and social enterprises. He was clear that we are part of the SME community and contracting has to be changed so that we can bid easier and better. He must have mentioned charities some 10 times in his speech and even referred to me directly. Then shook my hand on the way out! I made the point to him that we welcome the initiatives and I referred to Chris White MP’s Social Clause Bill and how important that is.And now the weekend beckons. Though I’m spending Sunday morning on Sky News. There you go; no rest for the wicked!。
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2011年9月高级口译考试翻译真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)1. In the coming decades, Europe’s influence on affairs beyond its borders will be sharply limited, and it is in other regions, not Europe, that the 21st century will be most clearly forged and defined. Certainly, one reason for NATO’s increasing marginali zation stems from the behavior of its European members. With NATO, critical decisions are still made nationally; much of the talk about a common defense policy remains just that — talk. There is little specialization or coordination. Missing as well are many of the logistical and intelligence assets needed to project military force on distant battlefields. With the Cold War and the Soviet threat a distant memory, there is little political willingness, on a country-by-country basis, to provide adequate public funds to the military.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：( 在接下来的几十年里，欧洲对境外事务的影响力将会锐减，推动和定义21世纪的将是世界上的其他地区，绝非欧洲。
诚然，北约不断被边缘化，部分原因归咎于它的欧洲成员国。
在北约，各国独自做出重大决断；关于共同防御政策的谈判，到目前依然仅仅还是个谈判；分工协调微乎其微；将军事力量投放到遥远战场所需的许多后勤保障和情报资源也处于缺失状态。
冷战和苏联威胁都已成为遥远的回忆，各国没有多少政治意愿向军队提供充足的公共资金。
)解析：2. Political and demographic changes within Europe, as well as the United States, also ensure that the transatlantic alliance will lose prominence. In Europe, the E.U. project still consumes the attention of many, but for others, especially those in southern Europe facing unsustainable fiscal shortfalls, domestic economic turmoil takes precedence. No doubt, Europe’s security challenges are geographically, politically and psychologically less immediate to the population than its economic ones. Mounting financial problems and the imperative to cut deficits are sure to limit what Europeans can do militarily beyond their continent. It is true that the era in which Europe and transatlantic relations dominated U.S. foreign policy is over.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：( 欧洲内部及美国在政治和人口结构方面的变化也注定了这个跨大西洋联盟会失去重要性。
在欧洲，欧盟一体化方案仍然得到了词多国家的关注，但是对于其他国家来说，特别是对于欧洲南部出现难以为继的财政赤字的国家来说，国内的经济乱象却是在第一位的。
无疑，欧洲的安全难题在地理、政治和心理方面对于欧洲人的影响都不像经济难题那么紧迫。
日益突出的金融问题和削减赤字的必要性必定会限制欧洲各国在欧洲大陆以外所能采取的军事行动。
确实，欧洲和跨大西洋关系主导美国外交政策的时代已经结束。
)解析：3.Globally, alcohol consumption has increased in recent decades, with all or most of that increase in developing countries. This increase is often occurring in countries with few methods of prevention, control or treatment. The rise in alcohol consumption in developing countries provides ample cause for concern over the possible rise in alcohol related problems in those regions of the world. There is increasing evidence that besides volume of alcohol, the pattern of the drinking is relevant for the health outcomes. Overall, there is a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and more than 60 types of disease and injury. Worldwide alcohol costs 2.5 million death, 3.8% of total. The burden is not equally distributed among all the countries.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：( 在全球范围内，酒精消费在近几十年内都在增长，几乎大部分消费都发生在发展中国家。
这些增长通常发生在缺乏预防、控制和治疗措施的国家中。
因为发展中国家酒精消费的增长，人们开始关心酒精可能带来的相关问题的增多。
有越来越多的证据表明，除了酒精含量，饮酒方式也与健康息息相关。
总的来说，超过60种的疾病和伤亡都与酒精消费有关。
在世界各地，酒精造成了250万人死亡，占全球死亡人数的3.8%。
对此，世界各国要负的责任不是均等的。
)解析：4.Traditional medicine is the sum total of knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are used to maintain health, as well as to prevent, diagnose or treat physical and mental illnesses. Traditional medicine that has been adopted by other populations (outside its indigenous culture) is often termed alternative or complementary medicine. Herbal medicines include herbs, herbal preparations, and finished herbal products that contain parts of plants as active ingredients. In some Asian and African countries, 80% of the population depend on traditional medicine for primary health care. In many developed countries, 70% to 80% of the population has used some form of alternative or complementary medicine, such as acupuncture.（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：( 传统医学是保持健康以及预防、诊断或治疗身心疾病方面所使用的以不同文化固有的理论、信仰和经验为基础的知识、技能和实践总和。
其他人群所采用的传统医学（不属于其本土文化范畴）通常被称作替代或补充医学。
草药医学包括药草、草药制剂和草药成品，其中包含作为有效成分的植物部分。
在亚洲和非洲一些国家，80%的人口依赖传统医学提供初级卫生保健。
在许多发达国家，70%-80%的人口使用某种形式的替代或补充医学,例如针灸。