宾语从句中学考试考点

宾语从句中考考点

宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语，或位于间接宾语之后。宾语从句在初中英语语法中有着相当重要的地位，几乎每年的中考都有对宾语从句不同角度的考查。其考查的重点一般都集中在以下几个方面：

一、考查宾语从句的引导词

宾语从句的连接词分为三类：

1.若由述句转化而来的宾语从句，其引导词由that引导；不过that只起引导作用，无具体意义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略.

eg:1.He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.他说他想呆在家里。

2.I am sure (that) he will succeed.我相信他会成功。

2. 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，其引导词由if或whether引导，意为“是否”，表示选择。

Eg:1.I want to know if (whether) he lives there.我想知道他是否住那儿。

2.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.他问我是否可帮帮他。

whether和if用法巧计：主从表从同位从，if不用whether用；

discuss加介后，whether引导宾语从；

不定式，or not后面跟，whether独能显神通；

宾从如时否定句，if发挥其功用；

避免歧义要慎重，其他情况可换用。

注意：在引导宾语从句时，if和whether一般可换用，但在下列几种情况下只用whether，不用if。

⑴当or not紧随引导词之后时。

Eg:1.We didn't know whether or not she was ready.我们不知道她是否已经做好准备。

⑵当从句用作介词宾语时。

Eg:1.I am interested in whether he joined the army.我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。

⑶当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。

Eg:1.Whether this is true or not, I'm not sure.这是否真实，我不敢肯定。

4.在不定式前用whether

Eg:I don’t know whether to stay here.

（不过if可引导条件状语从句，whether则不可。）

3. 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变来时，则特殊疑问词便是引导词（如who /whose /what / which;when/where/why/how等），它们均充当一定成分，一般不可省略。

Eg:1.Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?你知道他们在等谁？

2.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?你能告诉我三路车站在哪儿？

3.I don’t know why the train is late.我不知道火车为什么晚点了？

注意：引导词的选择应依据句子成分及具体语境。

宾语从句的引导词练习题：1.-5.ABACB ABAA

1.The teacher asked me I needed any help. A. whether B. that C. what

2.—Do you still remember___ he came here？—Yes，I do. He came by bus.

A. when

B. how

C. what

3.Do you know____ we will talk about at tomorrow's meeting？

A. what

B. that

C. where

4.—Could you tell me_____ she is looking for？—Her cousin，Susan.

A. what

B. whose

C. who

5.I don't know _____T om will go or not.A. what B. whether C. how

6.Bob didn’t tell the others ______ he found it.A. what B. that if C. how

7.—Do you know ______ we’ll get there at 3:00 this afternoon?

—I’m afraid we’ll be late. A. that B. how C.whether

8.Could you tell me ______ they have done with the rubbish? A. what B. where C. how

9.—Do you know ______ I could pass the exam?—Sorry, I have no idea.

A. that

B. whether

C. what

10.The foreigner asked me ______ I could speak English.A. if B. what C. that

11.This is not my watch. Do you know ______it is?A. whose B. which C. who

二、考查宾语从句的语序

无论主句是述句还是疑问句，也无论主从句之间是什么引导词，宾语从句一律用述句语序即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”结构。从句中不会出现像do,did,does这三个无意义的助动词。常用的出题形式为单项选择题、句型转换题（直接引语转换为间接引语此类的题）。Eg:1.I think (that) you will like this school soon.我认为你不久就会喜欢这所学校。

2.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?你能告诉我怎样才能到达动物园好吗？

3.Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.请告诉我什么时候开会。

宾语从句的语序练习题：1-5.ACCAB 6-11.BAACCC

1.I want to know ______ the day after tomorrow.

A. what he will do

B. what will he do

C. what he did

2.The teacher asked Lucy ______. A. where does she come from

B. what did she like best

C. if she could speak Chinese

3.Could you tell me ______? A. when shall we start

B. who are you waiting for

C. where the nearest bus stop is

4.—Excuse me, could you tell me ______?—Certainly. It’s over there along the street on the left. A. where the People’s Park is

B. where is the People’s Park

C. the People’s Park is where