2017年MPA英语二考试大纲
公共英语等级考试大纲二级
公共英语等级考试大纲二级概述:公共英语等级考试（Public English Test，简称PETS），是中国国家外国语言文化管理局主管的考试机构，旨在评定考生的英语语言能力水平。
公共英语等级考试分为5个级别，其中二级是初级水平。
一、听力考试：公共英语等级考试二级的听力部分主要侧重考察考生的听力理解能力。
考生将面临一系列录音材料，包括对话、短文、新闻报道等，需要在短时间内准确抓住重点信息，并根据听到的内容回答相关问题。
听力部分的考试难度逐渐增加，要求考生能够理解较为复杂的英语语言结构和词汇。
二、阅读考试：公共英语等级考试二级的阅读部分旨在考察考生的阅读理解能力。
考生需要阅读一系列与日常生活相关的短文、文章或广告等，然后回答相关问题或完成相关任务。
此部分考试内容围绕考生理解英语语言表达的能力、推理能力以及词汇和语法的理解能力。
三、写作考试：公共英语等级考试二级的写作部分主要考察考生的英文写作能力。
考生需要根据所给的写作任务和题目进行写作，要求语言正确、连贯，并能够清晰地表达自己的观点和意见。
写作题目较为简单，主题与日常生活相关，考生需要适应所用的语言表达方式和写作形式。
四、口语考试：公共英语等级考试二级的口语部分旨在考察考生的口语表达能力。
考生将与考官进行面对面的交流，回答简单的问题或进行简短的对话。
考生需要能够正确、流利地使用英语进行口头表达，包括词汇、语法以及发音等方面。
总结:公共英语等级考试二级是公共英语等级考试中的初级水平，旨在评定考生在英语听、说、读、写等方面的能力水平。
考试主要侧重基础知识和基本技能的考察，考生可以通过适当的备考和训练提高自己的考试成绩。
希望考生能够充分理解考试要求，有针对性地进行准备，以取得满意的成绩。
2017MBA英语(二)
2017 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类联考英语(二)试题绝密★启用前英语(二)试卷2017 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）（科目代码: 204）研考英二试卷条形码考生注意事项1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号，并涂写考生编号信息点。
2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的试卷条形码粘贴位置框中。
不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。
(此次模考忽略此项)3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。
超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。
4.填(书)写部分必须使用黑色签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚;涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。
5.考试结束，将答题卡按规定交回。
（以下信息考生必须认真填写）2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again 1 that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2 . A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today's unemployed don't seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at leasta year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting9 poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn't 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day's work, I often feel 18 ," Danaher says, adding, "In a world in which I don't have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1. [A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring2. [A] i n equality [B] instability [C] unr e liability [D] uncertainty3. [A] pol i cy [B] guideline [C] r e solution [D] prediction4. [A] characterized [B] divided [C] balanced [D] measured5. [A] w isdom [B] meaning [C] glory [D] freedom6. [A] Instead [B] Indeed [C] Thus [D] Nevertheless7. [A] rich [B] urban [C]working [D] educated8. [A] explanation [B] requirement [C] compensation [D] substitute9. [A] under [B] beyond [C] alongside [D] among10. [A] leave behind [B] make up [C] worry about [D] set aside11. [A] statistically [B] occasionally [C] necessarily [D] economically12. [A] chances [B] downsides [C] be nefits [D] principles13. [A] absence [B] height [C] f a ce [D] course14. [A] disturb [B] restore [C] e xclude [D] yield15. [A] m odel [B] practice [C] v irtue [D] hardship16. [A] t r icky [B] lengthy [C] mysterious [D] scarce17. [A] de mands [B] standards [C] qua lities [D] threats18. [A] i g nored [B] tired [C] confused [D] starved19. [A] of f[B] against [C] behind [D] into20. [A] t e chnological [B] professional [C] educational [D] interpersonalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley's world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where London's Olympic "legacy" is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012-but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to "inspire a generation." The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally "grassroots" concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods-making sure there isspace for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has_____.[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival22. The author believes that London's Olympic "legacy" has failed to_____.[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C] improve the city's image[D] increase sport hours in schools23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it_____.[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should_____.[A]organize "grassroots" sports events[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities25. The author's attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is_____.[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympatheticText 2With so much focus on children's use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. "Tech is designed to really suck on you in," says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, "and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine."Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents' faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive--as they often are when absorbed in a device--it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the "still face experiment" devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother's attention. "Parents don't have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need," says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids' use of screens are born out of an "oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting" with their children: "It's based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you're failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them." Tronick believes that just because a child isn't learning from the screen doesn't mean there's no value to it-particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friendor get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.[A] simplify routine matters[B] absorb user attention[C] better interpersonal relations[D] increase work efficiency27. Radesky's food-testing exercise shows that mothers' use of devices ______.[A] takes away babies' appetite[B] distracts children's attention[C] slows down babies' verbal development[D] reduces mother-child communication28. Radesky cites the "still face experiment" to show that _______.[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange[C] children are insensitive to changes in their parents' mood[D] parents need to respond to children's emotional needs29. The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] ensure constant interaction with their children[D] remain concerned about kid's use of screens30. According to Tronick, kids’ use of screens may_______.[A] give their parents some free time[B] make their parents more creative[C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentiveText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction withincreasingly high expectations in a fast-moving world often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn't it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn't feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn't academic.But while this may be true, it's not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There's always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated "race to the finish line," whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hinder the success of academic pursuits－in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college than those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes－all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activities rather than acclimation blunders.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of the vast academic possibilities that await them in college. Many students find themselves listing one major on their college applications, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be costly to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston College, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and save money later on.31. One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is that_____.[A] they think it academically misleading[B] they have a lot of fun to expect in college[C] it feels strange to do differently from others[D] it seems worthless to take off-campus courses32. Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helps_____.[A] keep students from being unrealistic[B] lower risks in choosing careers[C] ease freshmen's financial burdens[D] relieve freshmen of pressures33. The word "acclimation" is closest in meaning to_____.[A] adaptation[B] application[C] motivation[D] competition34. A gap year may save money for students by helping them_____.[A] avoid academic failures[B] establish long-term goals[C] switch to another college[D] decide on the right major35. The most suitable title for this text would be_____.[A] In Favor of the Gap Year[B] The ABCs of the Gap Year[C] The Gap Year Comes Back[D] The Gap Year: A DilemmaText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of wildfires is a national concern because of its impact on federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires－nearly double the percentage it spent on such efforts 20 years ago.In effect, fewer federal funds today are going towards the agency's other work－such as forest conservation, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep－that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public funds from other agencies are going into construction in fire-prone districts. As Moritz puts it, how often are federal dollars building homes that are likely to be lost to a wildfire?"It's already a huge problem from a public expenditure perspective for the whole country," he says. We need to take a magnifying glass to that. Like, "Wait a minute, is this OK？""Do we want instead to redirect those funds to concentrate on lower-hazard parts of the landscape?"Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fire, researchers say.For one thing, conversations about wildfires need to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change－how the warming of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn't come at the expense of the rest of the equation."The human systems and the landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go both ways," he says. Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to "an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited."At the same time, people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be wholly controlled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Professor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire's inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing the laws, policies, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says."We've disconnected ourselves from living with fire," Balch says. "It is really important to understand and try and tease out what is the human connection with fire today."36. More frequent wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they_____.[A] exhausted unprecedented management efforts[B] consumed a record-high percentage of budget[C] severely damaged the ecology of western states[D] caused a huge rise of infrastructure expenditure37. Moritz calls for the use of "a magnifying glass" to _____.[A] raise more funds for fire-prone areas[B] avoid the redirection of federal money[C] find wildfire-free parts of the landscape[D] guarantee safer spending of public funds38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes that _____.[A] public debates have not settled yet[B] fire-fighting conditions are improving[C] other factors should not be overlooked[D] a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to _____.[A] discover the fundamental makeup of nature[B] explore the mechanism of the human systems[C] maximize the role of landscape in human life[D] understand the interrelations of man and nature40. Professor Balch points out that fire is something man should _____.[A] do away with[B] come to terms with[C] pay a price for[D] keep away fromPart BDirections：Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from DonaldTrump. "We don't make anything anymore," he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every year. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place, other industries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers－and upward pressure on wages. "They're harder to find and they have job offers," says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm, "They may be coming [into the workforce], but they've been plucked by other industries that are also doing an well as manufacturing," Mr. Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keep a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers, five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three community-college students enrolled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he's trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It's his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. "I love working with tools. I love creating." he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials "remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recession," says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren't misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in1970 to 12 million in 2013. When the recovery began, worker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels."The gap is between the jobs that take to skills and those that require a lot of skill," says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. "There're enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don't need to have much skill. It's that gap in between, and that's where the problem is."Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. "Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives," she says.Section III Translation46. Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)My DreamMy dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realised that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. But, to be absolutely honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream - I knew that no one, apart from myself, could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion.”Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to1) Accept the invitation, and2) Introduce the key points of your presentation.You should write about 100 words the ANWSER SHEET.Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)You should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)2017 年考研英语二参考答案Section I Use of English1.C2.A3.D4.A5.B6.B7.C8.A9.D 10.C 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.D 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.BSection II Reading Comprehension21.A 22.B 23.C 24.D 25.B 26.B 27.D 28.D 29.C 30.A 31.C 32.D 33.A 34.D 35.A 36.B 37.D 38.C 39.D 40.B 41.E 42.A 43.G 44.B 45.FSection III Translation46. 略Section IV Writing47. 略48. 略。
2017年英语二考研大纲
在一篇约350词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
第二部分阅读理解
主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。
该部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
A节(20小题)
本部分为多项选择题。
共四篇文章，总长度为1
500词左右。
要求考生阅读文章并回答每篇文章后面的问题。
考生需要在每小题所提供的选项(A、B、C、D)中选出唯一正确或是最合适的答案。
每篇文章设5题，共20题。
每小题2分，共40分。
B节(5小题)
本部分有两种备选题型。
每次考试从这两种题型中选择其中的一种形式，或者两种形式的组合进行考查。
本节文章设5小题，每小题2分，共10分。
备选题型包括：
1)多项对应
本部分为一篇长度为450~550词的文章，试题内容分为左右两栏，左侧一栏为5道题目，右侧一栏为7个选项。
要求考生在阅读后根据文章内容和左侧一栏中提供的信息从右侧一栏中的7个选项中选出对应的5项相关信息。
2)小标题对应
在一篇长度为450~550词的文章前有7个概括句或小标题。
这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括或阐述。
要求考生根据文章内容和篇章结构从这7个选项中选出最恰当的5个概括句或小标题填入文章空白处。
第三部分英译汉
考查考生理解所给英语语言材料并将其译成汉语的能力。
要求译文准确、完整、通顺。
2017考研英语二新旧大纲变化对比表
2017考研英语二新旧大纲变化对比表2017考研大纲已经发布。
现在值得注意的是对于大纲的变化以及之后该怎么安排有效的复习。
为了帮助各位同学进行后期的复习，凯程考研的辅导老师们对此进行了详细讲解，帮助同学们了解大纲变化，并且做好后期的复习规划，让复习变得清晰明朗。
2017年与2016年考研英语(二)大纲变化对比表内容题型2017年大纲要求2016年大纲要求大纲变化复习建议词汇考生应能较熟练地掌握5 500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组(详见附录相关部分)。
考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。
考生应能较熟练地掌握5500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组(详见附录相关部分)。
考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。
有变化词汇是整个考研英语复习的根基，单词复习的成效直接决定了考研英语的复习效果，所以要求考生保质保量地掌握考纲所要求的5 500个左右常用英语词汇及相关常用词组。
建议各位考生按照既定的复习思路备考。
考生需要特别注意的是，要结合具体语境和上下文理解记忆单词，往往会收到事半功倍的效果。
语法考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，其中包括：(1)名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法；(2)动词时态、语态的构成及其用法；(3)形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法；(4)常用连接词的词义及其用法；考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，其中包括：(1)名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法；(2)动词时态、语态的构成及其用法；(3)形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法；(4)常用连接词的词义及其用法；(5)非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用没有变化语法同词汇一样是英语学习的基础。
建议考生根据大纲中所列出的要求考生掌握的语法点，有针对性地复习，及时查漏补缺，从而能够又快又好地理解阅读和翻译中的长难句，写作时也能写出符合语法规范的句子。
此外，单词和语法这些语言知识是为试卷中的各个题型服务的，复习时千万不要孤立(5)非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法；(6)虚拟语气的构成及其用法；(7)各类从句(定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等)及强调句型的结构及其用法；(8)倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法。
2017届考研英语(二)大纲解析——翻译
2017届考研英语（二）大纲解析——翻译2017届全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）考试大纲于2017年9月18日与各位考生见面。
其中，翻译部分与2017届全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）考试大纲相比，无明显变化。
下面就大纲中对翻译部分的考查要求与规定进行详细解析，以便考生在复习翻译时方向更加明确，目标更加清晰，内容更有针对性。
希望对考生的复习有所帮助。
一、大纲内容：考查考生理解所给英语语言材料并将其译成汉语的能力。
要求译文准确、完整、通顺。
要求考生阅读、理解长度为150词左右的一个或几个英语段落，并将其全部译成汉语。
考生在答题卡2上作答。
共15分。
二、考查标准解析：1．准确——忠实于原文。
对原文的准确理解是一篇优质译文的前提。
要求译文内容不能与原文所表达的内容有出入或相违背，否则一定会影响译文得分。
评分标准中要求，如果句子译文明显扭曲原文意思，该句得分最多不得超过0.5分。
2．通顺——译文符合汉语表达习惯。
在准确理解原文的前提下，把所理解的译文按照中文的表达习惯，表达出来。
译成汉语后，译文一定要读得懂，读得通。
3．完整——无漏译。
要求考生对原文的内容完整地进行翻译，不得有遗漏。
如有遗漏，评卷老师会酌情减分。
注：若不完整，译出的部分可给分。
三、考查内容：1、专有名词、词组和多义词的翻译；专有名词、词组和多义词是翻译中对词考查的重要内容。
翻译时，高频专有名词，按照约定俗成的方法翻译；非著名的专有名词，采取音译或音译+括号英文的方法翻译；不熟悉的专有名词，直接照抄英文即可。
词组的翻译需要考生注意平时的积累，理解和熟记。
多义词词义的选择可根据语境联系上下文猜测词义；根据词根词缀选择猜测生词的词义；根据汉语的习惯搭配来翻译。
2、翻译策略运用:词义选择+语序调整；考研翻译中重点考查学生在不同语境中对词义的理解，以及语义组合和语言表达的准确性和通顺性。
因此，在翻译时，学生要注意不同语境中词义的选择，表达的译文要符合汉语的表达习惯和中国人的逻辑思维习惯。
2017英语二考试大纲
2017英语二考试大纲2017年英语二考试大纲主要针对的是中国大陆地区高等教育自学考试中的英语科目，它为考生提供了考试内容、形式、题型和评分标准等方面的指导。
以下是2017年英语二考试大纲的主要内容概述：一、考试目的与要求英语二考试旨在测试考生的英语语言运用能力，包括听、说、读、写、译等方面。
考生应具备以下能力：- 理解英语口语和书面表达的基本含义。
- 能够使用英语进行日常交流。
- 能够阅读和理解英语文章，包括专业文献。
- 能够进行简单的英语写作和翻译。
二、考试内容1. 听力理解：测试考生对英语口语材料的理解能力，包括对话、短文等。
2. 词汇与语法：测试考生的词汇量和对英语语法规则的掌握。
3. 阅读理解：测试考生对英语文章的理解能力，包括快速阅读和深入理解。
4. 写作：测试考生的英语写作能力，包括应用文写作和论述文写作。
5. 翻译：测试考生的英汉互译能力。
三、考试形式1. 听力部分：采用录音播放的方式，考生需根据听到的内容回答问题。
2. 笔试部分：包括选择题、填空题、阅读理解题、写作题和翻译题。
四、题型及分值1. 听力理解（约20%）：选择题、填空题。
2. 词汇与语法（约15%）：选择题、填空题。
3. 阅读理解（约30%）：选择题、简答题。
4. 写作（约20%）：应用文写作、论述文写作。
5. 翻译（约15%）：英译汉、汉译英。
五、考试时间与分数考试总时长为120分钟，满分为100分。
六、评分标准1. 听力理解：根据考生对问题的回答准确性评分。
2. 词汇与语法：根据考生对词汇和语法点的掌握程度评分。
3. 阅读理解：根据考生对文章内容的理解及回答的准确性评分。
4. 写作：根据文章的组织结构、语言运用和内容的准确性评分。
5. 翻译：根据翻译的准确性、流畅性和语言的地道性评分。
七、备考建议1. 加强听力训练，多听英语原声材料。
2. 扩大词汇量，熟悉常用语法结构。
3. 提高阅读速度和理解能力，练习不同类型的阅读材料。
2017年mba招生英语考试大纲
I. 考试性质英语（二）考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目。
其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II. 考试形式和试卷结构（一）考试形式考试形式为笔试。
考试时间为180分钟。
满分为100分。
试卷包括试题册和1张答题卡。
考生应将英语知识运用和阅读理解部分的答案按要求填涂在答题卡相应题号的选项上，，将英译汉和写作部分的答案按要求写在答题卡指定位置的表框区域内。
（二）试卷结构试题分四部分，共48题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解、英译汉和写作。
第一部分英语知识运用主要考查考生对英语知识点的综合运用能力。
共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇约350词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
第二部分阅读理解主要考查考生获取信息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词义并进行推断等方面的能力。
该部分由A、B两节组成，共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。
A节（20小题）本部分为多项选择题。
共四篇文章，总长度为1 500词左右。
要求考生阅读文章并回答每篇文章后面的问题。
考生需要在每小题所提供的选项（A、B、C、D）中选出唯一正确或是最合适的答案。
每篇文章设5题，共20题。
每小题2分，共40分。
B节（5小题）本部分有两种备选题型。
每次考试从这两种题型中选择其中的一种形式，或者两种形式的组合进行考查。
本节文章设5小题，每小题2分，共10分。
考生在答题卡1上作答。
备选题型包括：1）多项对应本部分为一篇长度为450~550词的文章，试题内容分为左右两栏，左侧一栏为5道题目，右侧一栏为7个选项。
要求考生在阅读后根据文章内容和左侧一栏中提供的信息从右侧一栏中的7个选项中选出对应的5项相关信息。
2017年mba联考考试大纲
2017年mba联考考试大纲2017年MBA联考考试大纲MBA联考，即工商管理硕士全国联考，是中国大陆地区选拔MBA研究生的主要方式。
考试大纲是考生们准备考试的重要参考，它规定了考试的内容、形式和要求。
以下是2017年MBA联考的考试大纲概述。
一、考试科目与内容MBA联考通常包括以下几个科目：1. 管理类联考综合能力测试（简称“综合能力测试”）- 逻辑推理：测试考生的逻辑分析能力。
- 数学基础：包括高等数学、线性代数、概率论与数理统计等基础数学知识。
- 英语：测试考生的英语阅读、写作和翻译能力。
2. 管理类联考英语二（简称“英语二”）- 阅读理解：测试考生对英语文章的理解能力。
- 完形填空：测试考生的英语语法和词汇运用能力。
- 翻译：包括英译汉和汉译英，测试考生的翻译能力。
- 写作：测试考生的英语写作能力。
3. 管理类联考专业课（简称“专业课”）- 根据报考院校和专业的不同，专业课的内容会有所差异，但通常包括市场营销、财务管理、人力资源管理、战略管理等工商管理领域的基础知识。
二、考试形式与要求1. 综合能力测试：- 考试形式：闭卷笔试。
- 考试时间：3小时。
- 题型：选择题、简答题、案例分析题等。
2. 英语二：- 考试形式：闭卷笔试。
- 考试时间：2小时。
- 题型：阅读理解、完形填空、翻译、写作。
3. 专业课：- 考试形式：闭卷笔试。
- 考试时间：2-3小时不等，视具体院校和专业而定。
- 题型：选择题、简答题、案例分析题、论述题等。
三、考试评分标准1. 综合能力测试：满分为200分。
2. 英语二：满分为100分。
3. 专业课：满分为100分。
考试总分为400分，不同院校和专业会根据考试分数和面试成绩综合评定录取。
四、考试准备建议1. 制定学习计划：根据考试大纲制定合理的学习计划，均衡分配时间，确保各科目都能得到充分复习。
2. 基础知识复习：重视基础知识的复习，特别是数学和英语，这是MBA联考的基础。
2017年考研英语二考纲解读：难度低于英语一
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！第 1 页 共 1 页 2017年考研英语二考纲解读：难度低于英语一历年研究生考试英语只有一套全国统一出题的卷子“201英语”，而今年在官方文件上突然出现了“204英语二”，这让很多考生摸不着头脑。
最近考研英语二大纲终于出来了。
日前教育部考试中心终于公布了全国研究生入学考试考研英语二的考试大纲，大家对英语二期待了比较长的时间。
八月底刚公布英语一新大纲的时候，我们第一次知道考研英语可能会分成英语一和英语二，大家就比较期待看英语二的变化。
最近考研英语二大纲终于出来了，同时大纲最后附了英语二的样题。
我要强调的是，现在是各位考生在进行考研网上初步报名阶段，考生在这个阶段了解自己要考试的英语科目特点非常重要。
什么是考研英语二英语二是新出现的一套考研英语试卷，它与历年考研试卷有所不同，它针对的对象是一些报考特别专业学位硕士的学生，由教育部考试中心组织专家研究命题，在考研统考中使用。
也就是说，英语一和英语二在研究生考试中将同时使用。
那么考研英语二主要针对哪些考生呢。
弄清这个问题，大家要先弄清楚自己所考的硕士类别。
近几年国家研究生教育在进行改革，改革方向是将硕士分为两种：一种是学术性研究生，偏重学术方面，还有一种称为专业学位研究生，偏重培养高级管理人才或专门人才，如职业经理人、会计师、工程师等等。
这种分法在国外教育体制中体现得很明显，典型的如英国。
我们国家以后研究生培养方向将和国际接轨，分为这两种类别。
学术性研究生要继续考英语一，而一部分考专业学位的研究生将首次遭遇考研英语二。
国家教育部有详尽规定说明，目前我国专业学位研究生包括19种，如体育硕士、汉语国际教育硕士、翻译硕士等。
大家要注意这19种专业学位硕士不是都要考英语二，其中一些专业学位硕士基本上是不会考英语二的，比如法律硕士。
而有一些是要考英语二的，比如MBA 、MPA 等。
具体来说，如何确定自己考英语一还是英语二呢。
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲-英语
英语考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1至附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右。
二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容做出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3．写作要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。
考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。
4．口语要求考生根据提示进行口头表达。
考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。
1. 基本读音(1) 26个字母的读音(2) 元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3) 元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4) 元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5) 常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6) 辅音字母组合的读音(7) 辅音连缀的读音(8) 成节音的读音2. 重音(1) 单词重音(2) 句子重音3. 读音的变化(1) 连读(2) 失去爆破(3) 弱读(4) 同化4. 语调与节奏(1) 意群与停顿(2) 语调(3) 节奏5. 语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6. 朗诵和演讲中的语音技巧7. 主要英语国家的英语语音差异1. 名词(1) 可数名词及其单复数(2) 不可数名词(3) 专有名词(4) 名词所有格2. 代词(1) 人称代词(2) 物主代词(3) 反身代词(4) 指示代词(5) 不定代词(6) 疑问代词3. 数词(1) 基数词(2) 序数词4. 介词和介词短语5. 连词6. 形容词(比较级和最高级)7. 副词(比较级和最高级)8. 冠词9. 动词(1) 动词的基本形式(2) 系动词(3) 及物动词和不及物动词(4) 助动词(5) 情态动词10. 时态(1) 一般现在时(2) 一般过去时(3) 一般将来时(4) 现在进行时(5) 过去进行时(6) 过去将来时(7) 将来进行时(8) 现在完成时(9) 过去完成时(10) 现在完成进行时11. 被动语态12. 非谓语动词(1) 动词不定式(2) 动词的-ing形式(3) 动词的-ed形式13. 构词法(1) 合成法(2) 派生法(3) 转化法(4) 缩写和简写14. 句子种类(1) 陈述句(2) 疑问句(3) 祈使句(4) 感叹句15. 句子成分(1) 主语(2) 谓语(3) 表语(4) 宾语(5) 定语(6) 状语(7) 补语16. 简单句的基本句型17. 主谓一致18. 并列复合句19. 主从复合句(1) 宾语从句(2) 状语从句(3) 定语从句(4) 主语从句(5) 表语从句20. 间接引语21. 省略22. 倒装23. 强调24. 虚拟语气附录3功能意念项目表1. 社会交往 (Social Communications)(1) 问候 (Greetings)(2) 介绍 (Introduction)(3) 告别 (Farewells )(4) 感谢 (Thanks )(5) 道歉 (Apologies)(6) 邀请 (Invitation)(7) 请求允许 (Asking for permission)(8) 祝愿和祝贺 (Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9) 提供帮助 (Offering help)(10) 接受和拒绝 (Acceptance and refusal)(11) 约会 (Making appointments)(12) 打电话 (Making telephone calls)(13) 就餐 (Having meals)(14) 就医 (Seeing the doctor)(15) 购物 (Shopping)(16) 问路 (Asking the way)(17) 谈论天气 (Talking about weather)(18) 语言交际困难 (Language difficulties in communication)(19) 提醒注意 (Reminding)(20) 警告和禁止 (Warning and prohibition)(21) 劝告 (Advice)(22) 建议 (Suggestions)2. 态度 (Attitudes)(23) 同意和不同意 (Agreement and disagreement)(24) 喜欢和不喜欢 (Likes and dislikes)(25) 肯定和不肯定 (Certainty and uncertainty)(26) 可能和不可能 (Possibility and impossibility)(27) 能够和不能够 (Ability and inability)(28) 偏爱和优先选择 (Preference)(29) 意愿和打算 (Intentions and plans)(30) 希望和愿望 (Hopes and wishes)(31) 表扬和鼓励 (Praise and encouragement)(32) 责备和抱怨 (Blame and complaint)(33) 冷淡 (Indifference)(34) 判断与评价 (Judgement and evaluation)3. 情感 (Emotions)(35) 高兴 (Happiness)(36) 惊奇 (Surprise)(37) 忧虑 (Worries)(38) 安慰 (Reassurance)(39) 满意 (Satisfaction)(40) 遗憾 (Regret)(41) 同情 (Sympathy)(42) 恐惧 (Fear)(43) 愤怒 (Anger)4. 时间 (Time)(44) 时刻 (Point of time)(45) 时段 (Duration)(46) 频度 (Frequency)(47) 时序 (Sequence)5. 空间 (Space)(48) 位置 (Position)(49) 方向 (Direction)(50) 距离 (Distance)6. 存在 (Existence)(51) 存在与不存在 (Existence and Non-existence) 7. 特征 (Features)(52) 形状 (Shape)(53) 颜色 (Colour)(54) 材料 (Material)(55) 价格 (Price)(56) 规格 (Size)(57) 年龄 (Age)8. 计量 (Measurement)(58) 长度 (Length)(59) 宽度 (Width)(60) 高度 (Height)(61) 数量 (Number)9. 比较 (Comparison)(62) 同级比较 (Equal comparison)(63) 差别比较 (Comparative and superlative)(64) 相似和差别 (Similarity and difference) 10. 逻辑关系 (Logical relations)(65) 原因和结果 (Cause and effect)(66) 目的 (Purpose)11. 职业 (Occupations)(67) 工作 (Jobs)(68) 单位 (Employer)附录4话题项目表1. 个人情况 (Personal information)2. 家庭、朋友与周围的人 (Family, friends and people around)3. 周围的环境 (Personal environments)4. 日常活动 (Daily routines)5. 学校生活 (School life)6. 兴趣与爱好 (Interests and hobbies)7. 个人感情 (Emotions)8. 人际关系 (Interpersonal relationships)9. 计划与愿望 (Plans and intentions)10. 节假日活动 (Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11. 购物 (Shopping)12. 饮食 (Food and drink)13. 健康 (Health)14. 天气 (Weather)15. 文娱与体育 (Entertainment and sports)16. 旅游和交通 (Travel and transport)17. 语言学习 (Language learning)18. 自然 (Nature)19. 世界与环境 (The world and the environment)20. 科普知识与现代技术 (Popular science and modern technology)21. 热点话题 (Topical issues)22. 历史与地理 (History and geography)23. 社会 (Society)24. 文学与艺术 (Literature and art)附录5词汇表Aa(an)art abandon vability nable aabnormal a aboard prep abolish v abortion nabout ad&prep above prep,a&ad abroad adabrupt a absence n absent a absolute a absorb v abstract a&n absurd a abundant a abuse v academic a&n academy n accelerate v accent naccept vaccess n&v accessible a accident n accommodation n accompany v accomplish v account n accountant n accumulate v accuracy n accurate a accuse v accustomed a ache v&n achieve v achievement n acid a acknowledge v acquaintance n acquire v acquisition n acre nacross prepact n&vaction nactive aactivity nactor nactress nactual aacute aAD abbrad=advertisement n adapt v adaptation nadd vaddicted a addition n address n adequate aadjust v adjustment n administration n admirable a admire v admission nadmit v adolescence n adolescent a&n adopt vadore vadult nadvance v&n advantage n adventure n advertise v advertisement n advice nadvise v advocate vaffair naffect vaffection n afford vafraid aAfrica nAfrican a&nafter ad,prep&conj afternoon n afterward(s)ad again adagainst prepage nagency nagenda nagent n aggressive aago adagree v agreement n agricultural a agriculture n ahead adaid n&vAIDS naim n&vair naircraft nairline nairmail nairplane nairport nairspace nalarm n&valbum nalcohol nalcoholic a&n algebra nalike adalive aall ad,a&pron allergic aalley nallocate vallow vallowance nalmost adalone aalong ad&prep alongside adaloud adalphabet nalready adalso adalternative a although conjaltitude naltogether ad aluminium(Am aluminum)n always adam v(be)a.m./am,A.M./AM abbr amateur aamaze v amazing a ambassador n ambassadress n ambiguous a ambition n ambulance n America n among prep amount n&v ample aamuse v amusement n analyse v analysis n ancestor n anchor v&n ancient aand conj anecdote n anger nangle nangry aanimal nankle n anniversary n announce v annoy vannual a another a&pron answer n&v ant nAntarctic a antique n anxiety n anxious aany pron&a anybody pron anyhow ad anyone pron anything pron anyway ad anywhere ad apart ad&a apartment n apologize v apology n apparent a appeal v&n appear v appearance n appendix n appetite n applaud v&n apple n applicant n application n apply v appoint v appointment n appreciate v appreciation n approach n&v appropriate a approval n approve v approximately ad apron narbitrary aarch narchitect n architecture n Arctic aare v(be)area nargue v argument narise(arose,arisen)v arithmetic narm n&v armchair narmy naround ad&prep arrange v arrangement n arrest varrival narrive varrow nart narticle nartificial aartist nas ad,conj&prepash n ashamed a Asia n Asian a&n aside adask v asleep a aspect n assess v assessment n assist v assistance n assistant n associate v association n assume v assumption n astonish v astronaut n astronomer n astronomy n at prep athlete n athletic a Atlantic a atmosphere n atom n attach v attack v&n attain v attempt v&n attend vattention nattitude nattract vattraction nattractive aaudience naunt nauthentic aauthor nauthority nautomatic aautonomous aautumn navailable aavenue naverage a&navoid vawake(awoke,awoken)v&a award naware aaway adawesome aawful aawkward aBbaby nbachelor nback ad,a&n background nbackward(s)adbacon nbacterium(pl bacteria)n bad(worse,worst)a badminton nbag nbaggage nbakery nbalance nbalcony nball nballet nballoon nbamboo nban n&vbanana nband nbandage nbank nbar nbarbecue nbarber nbarbershop nbare abargain n&vbark v&nbarrier nbase nbaseball nbasement nbasic a basin nbasis nbasket nbasketball nbat nbath nbathe vbathroom nbathtub nbattery nbattle nbay nBC abbrbe(am,is,are,was,were,being,been)v beach nbean nbean curd nbear1nbear2vbeard nbeast nbeat(beat,beaten)v&n beautiful abeauty nbecause conjbecome(became,become)v bed nbeddings nbedroom nbee nbeef nbeer nbefore prep,ad&conjbeg vbegin(began,begun)v behalf nbehave vbehaviour(Am behavior)n behind prep&adbeing nbelief nbelieve vbell nbelly nbelong vbelow prepbelt nbench nbend(bent,bent)v beneath prepbeneficial abenefit n&vbent a&nbeside prepbesides prep&ad betray vbetween prepbeyond prepbicycle nbid v&nbig a bike=bicycle nbill nbingo n biochemistry n biography n biology nbird nbirth nbirthday n birthplace n biscuit nbishop nbit nbite(bit,bitten)v bitter ablack a&n blackboard n blame n&vblank n&a blanket nbleed vbless vblind ablock n&vblood nblouse nblow(blew,blown)v blue n&aboard n&vboat nbody nboil vbomb n&v bond n&v bone n bonus n book n&v boom n&v boot nbooth n border n bored a boring a born a borrow v boss n botanical a botany n both a&pron bother v bottle n bottom n bounce v bound a boundary n bow v&n bowl n bowling n box n boxing nboy n boycott v brain nbrake n&vbranch nbrand nbrave abravery nbread nbreak(broke,broken)v&n breakfast n breakthrough nbreast nbreath nbreathe vbreathless abrewery nbrick nbride nbridegroom nbridge nbrief abright abrilliant abring(brought,brought)v broad abroadcast(broadcast, broadcast或-ed,-ed)v brochure nbroken abroom nbrother nbrown n&abrunch nbrush v&nBuddhism nbudget nbuffet nbuild(built,built)v building nbunch nbungalow nburden nbureaucratic aburglar nburn(burnt,burnt或-ed,-ed)v&nburst vbury vbus nbush nbusiness n businessman/woman(pl businessmen/ women)n busy abut conj&prepbutcher n&vbutter nbutterfly nbutton n&vbuy(bought,bought)vby prepbye int Ccab ncabbage ncafe ncafeteria ncage ncake ncalculate vcall n&vcalm a&vcamel ncamera ncamp n&v campaign ncan1(could);can’t=cannot modal v can2ncanal ncancel vcancer ncandidate ncandle ncandy ncanteen ncap ncapital ncapsule ncaptain ncaption ncar ncarbon ncard ncare n&vcareful acareless acarpenter ncarpet ncarriage ncarrier ncarrot ncarry vcartoon ncarve vcase ncash n&vcassette ncast(cast,cast)v castle ncasual acat ncatalogue n catastrophe ncatch(caught,caught)v category ncater vCatholic acattle ncause n&vcaution ncautious acave nCD=compact disk n ceiling ncelebrate v celebration ncell ncent ncentigrade a centimetre(Am centimeter)n central acentre(Am center)n century nceremony ncertain acertificate nchain nchair nchairman/woman(pl chairmen/women)n chalk nchallenge n challenging a champion nchance nchange n&v changeable a channel nchant v&nchaos nchapter ncharacter n characteristic a&ncharge v&nchart nchat n&vcheap acheat n&vcheck n&vcheek ncheer n&vcheerful acheers intcheese nchef nchemical a&n chemist nchemistry ncheque(Am check)n chess nchest nchew vchicken nchief a&nchild(pl children)n childhood n chocolate nchoice nchoir nchoke n&vchoose(chose,chosen)v chopsticks nchorus nChristian n Christmas n church n cigar n cigarette n cinema n circle n&v circuit n circulate v circumstance n circus n citizen ncity ncivil a civilian n civilization n clap vclarify v class n classic a classify v classmate n classroom n claw nclay nclean v&a cleaner n clear aclerk n clever aclick v climate nclimb vclinic nclock nclone vclose a&adcloth nclothes nclothing ncloud ncloudy aclub nclumsy acoach ncoal ncoast ncoat ncocoa ncoffee ncoin ncoincidence ncoke ncold a&ncollar ncolleague ncollect vcollection ncollege ncollision ncolour(Am color)n&v comb n&vcombine v come(came,come)v comedy ncomfort n comfortable a command n&v comment n commercial a commit v commitment n committee n common a communicate v communication n communism n communist n&a companion n company n compare v compass n compensate v compete v competence n competition n complete a&v complex a&n component n composition n comprehension n compromise v compulsory a computer nconcentrate v concept n concern v&n concert n conclude v conclusion n concrete a condemn v condition n conduct v conductor n conference n confident a confidential a confirm v conflict n confuse v congratulate v congratulation n connect v connection n conscience n consensus n consequence n conservation n conservative a consider v considerate a consideration n consist v consistent a constant a constitution n construct v construction n consult v consultant n consume v contain v container n contemporary a content1n content2a continent n continue v contradict v contradictory a contrary n&a contribute v contribution n control v&n controversial a convenience n convenient a conventional a conversation n convey v convince v cook n&v cooker n cookie ncool acopy n&v corn ncorner n corporation n correct v&a correction n correspond v corrupt a&v cost n&vcosy(Am cozy)a cottage n cotton n&a cough n&v could modal v count v counter n country n countryside n couple n courage n course ncourt n courtyard n cousin ncover n&v cow ncrash v&n crayon ncrazy acream ncreate v creature ncredit ncrew ncrime ncriminal ncriterion(pl criteria)n crop ncross n&v crossing n crossroads ncrowd n&vcruel acry n&vcube ncubic acuisine nculture ncup ncupboard ncure n&vcurious acurrency n curriculum n curtain ncushion ncustom ncustomer n customs ncut(cut,cut)v&n cycle vcyclist nDdad=daddy n daily a,ad&n dam ndamage n&v damp a&n dance n&v danger n dangerous a dare v&modal v dark a&n darkness n dash v&ndata n database ndate n&v daughter n dawn nday ndead a deadline ndeaf adeal ndear adeath ndebate n&v debt ndecade n decide v decision n declare vdecline vdecorate v decoration n decrease vdeed ndeep a&addeer ndefeat vdefence(Am defense)n defend vdegree ndelay n&vdelete v&n deliberately ad delicate adelicious adelight ndelighted adeliver vdemand vdentist n department(Dept.)n departure ndepend vdeposit v&ndepth ndescribe v description ndesert v&n deserve vdesign v&ndesire v&ndesk ndesperate adessert n destination n destroy vdetective n determine v develop v development n devote vdevotion ndiagram ndial vdialogue(Am dialog)n diamond ndiary ndictation n dictionary ndie vdiet ndiffer vdifference n different adifficult adifficulty ndig(dug,dug)v digest vdigital adignity n dilemma n dimension n dinner n dinosaur n dioxide ndip vdiploma n direct a&v direction n director n directory n dirty a disability n disabled a disadvantage n disagree v disagreement n disappear v disappoint v disappointed a disaster n discount n discourage v discover v discovery n discrimination n discuss v discussion n disease n disgusting a dish ndisk=disc n dislike vdismiss v distance n distant a distinction n distinguish v distribute v district ndisturb v disturbing adive vdiverse adivide vdivision n divorce vdizzy ado(did,done)v doctor n document ndog ndoll ndollar ndonate vdoor n dormitory(dorm)n dot ndouble a&n doubt n&v down prep&ad download n&v downstairs ad downtown ad,n&a dozen nDr=doctor ndraft n&vdrag vdraw(drew,drawn)v drawback ndrawer ndream(dreamt,dreamt 或-ed,-ed)n&v dress n&vdrill n&vdrink(drank,drunk)v drive(drove,driven)v driver ndrop n&vdrug ndrum ndrunk adry v&aduck ndue adull adumpling nduring prepdusk ndust ndustbin ndusty aduty nDVD=digital versatile disk n dynamic adynasty nEeach a&proneager aeagle near nearly a&adearn vearth nearthquake neast a,ad&nEaster neastern aeasy aeat(ate,eaten)vecology nedge nedition neditor neducate veducation neducator neffect neffort negg neggplant neither a,conj&adelder n elect velectric a electrical a electricity n electronic a elegant a elephant nelse ade-mail n&v embarrass v embassy n emergency n emperor nemploy vempty a encourage v encouragement n end n&vending nendless aenemy n energetic a energy nengine n engineer nenjoy v enjoyable a enlarge venough pron,a&ad enquiry nenter venterprise n entertainment n enthusiastic a entire a entrance n entry n envelope n environment n envy v&n equal a&v equality n equip v equipment n eraser nerror nerupt v escape n&v especially ad essay n Europe n European a&n evaluate v even ad evening n event n eventually ad ever adevery a everybody pron everyday a everyone pron everything pron everywhere ad evidence nevident a evolution nexact aexam=examination n examine v example n excellent aexcept prep exchange n&v excite vexcuse n&v exercise n&v exhibition nexist vexistence nexit nexpand vexpect v expectation n expense n expensive a experience n experiment n expert nexplain v explanation n explicit aexplode vexplore vexport n&v expose vexpress v&n expression n extension nextra a extraordinary a extreme aeye neyesight nFface n&vfacial afact nfactory nfade vfail v&nfailure nfair1afair2nfaith nfall1(fell,fallen)v fall2(Am)=autumn n false afamiliar afamily nfamous afan nfancy n,v&a fantastic afantasy nfar(farther,farthest或further,furthest)a&ad fare nfarm nfarmer nfast a&adfasten vfat n&afather nfault nfavour(Am favor)n favourite(Am favorite)a&n fax n&vfear nfeast nfeather nfederal afee nfeed(fed,fed)vfeel(felt,felt)vfeeling nfellow nfemale a&nfence nferry nfestival n&afetch vfever nfew pron&afibre(Am fiber)nfiction nfield nfierce afight(fought,fought)n&v figure n&vfile nfill vfilm n&vfinal afinance nfind(found,found)vfine1afine2vfinger nfingernail nfinish v&nfire n&vfireworks nfirm1nfirm2afish n&vfisherman nfist nfit a&vfix vflag nflame nflash nflashlight nflat1a flat2nflee(fled,fled)vflesh nflexible aflight nfloat vflood n&vfloor nflour nflow vflower nflu nfluency nfluent afly1(flew,flown) vfly2nfocus v&nfog nfoggy afold vfolk n&afollow vfond afood nfool n&vfoolish afoot(pl feet)nfootball nfor prep&conjforbid(forbade,forbidden)v force vforecast n&vforehead nforeign aforeigner nforesee(foresaw,foreseen)v forest nforever adforget(forgot,forgot/forgotten)v forgetful aforgive(forgave,forgiven)v fork nform n&vformat nformer afortnight nfortunate afortune nforward adfoster vfound vfountain nfox nfragile afragrant aframework nfranc nfree afreedom nfreeway nfreeze(froze,frozen)v freezing a frequent afresh afriction nfridge=refrigerator n friend nfriendly a friendship n frighten vfrog nfrom prepfront a&n frontier nfrost nfruit nfry vfuel nfull afun n&afunction n&v fundamental a funeral nfunny afur nfurnished a furniture nfuture nGgain vgallery ngallon ngame ngarage n garbage n garden ngarlic n garment ngas ngate ngather vgay ageneral a&n generation n generous a gentle a gentleman n geography n geometry n gesture nget(got,got)vgift ngifted agiraffe ngirl ngive(gave,given)v glad aglance vglare vglass nglobe nglory nglove n glue ngo(went,gone)vgoal ngoat ngod ngold n&agolden agolf ngood(better,best)a goods ngoose(pl geese)n govern vgovernment ngrade ngradual agraduate vgraduation ngrain ngram ngrammar ngrand agrandchild n granddaughter n grandma=grandmother n grandpa=grandfather n grandparents n grandson ngranny ngrape ngraph ngrasp vgrass ngrateful agravity ngreat a&ad greedy agreen a&n greengrocer n greet vgreeting ngrey(Am gray)a grill ngrocer ngrocery nground ngroup ngrow(grew,grown)v growth n guarantee vguard nguess vguest nguidance nguide nguilty aguitar ngun ngym=gymnasium n gymnastics nHhabit n hair nhaircut nhalf a&nhall nham nhamburger nhammer nhand n&vhandbag nhandful nhandkerchief nhandle n&vhandsome ahandwriting nhandy ahang(hung,hung或-ed,-ed)v happen vhappiness nhappy aharbour(Am harbor)nhard ad&ahardly adhardship nhardworking aharm n&vharmful aharmony nharvest n&vhat nhatch vhate v&nhave(has,had,had)v he pronhead n&v headache n headline n headmaster n headmistress n health nhealthy ahear(heard,heard)v hearing nheart nheat nheaven nheavy aheel nheight n helicopter nhello inthelmet nhelp n&vhelpful ahen nher pronherb nhere adhero nhers pronherself pron hesitate vhi int hide(hid,hidden)vhigh a&adhighway nhill nhim pronhimself pronhire vhis pronhistory nhit(hit,hit)v&n hobby nhold(held,held)vhole nholiday nholy ahome n&ad homeland n hometown n homework nhonest ahoney nhonour(Am honor)n&v hook n&vhope n&vhopeful ahopeless ahorrible ahorse nhospital nhost n&vhostess nhot ahotdog nhotel nhour nhouse nhousewife n housework nhow adhowever ad&conj howl vhug vhuge ahuman a&n human being n humorous a humour(Am humor)n hunger nhungry ahunt vhunter nhurricane nhurry vhurt(hurt,hurt)v husband n hydrogen nII pronice nice-cream nidea n identity n identification n idiom nif conjignore vill aillegal a illness n imagine v immediately ad immigration n import v&n importance n important a impossible a impress v impression n improve vin prep&ad inch n incident n include v income n increase v&n indeed a independence n independent a indicate v industry n influence n&v inform vinformation n initial ainjure vinjury nink ninn ninnocent a insect ninsert vinside prep&ad insist vinspect v inspire v instant a instead ad institute n institution n instruct v instruction n instrument n insurance n insure v intelligence n intend v intention n interest n interesting a international a Internet n interpreter n interrupt v interval ninterview n&vinto prepintroduce v introduction ninvent vinvention ninvitation ninvite viron n&virrigation nis v(be)island nit pronits pronitself pronJjacket njam njar njaw njazz njeans njeep njet njewellery(Am jewelry)n job njog vjoin vjoke njournalist njourney njoy njudge n&vjudgement(Am judgment)njuice njump n&vjungle njunior ajust a&adjustice nKkangaroo nkeep(kept,kept)vkettle nkey nkeyboard nkick v&nkid nkill vkilo nkilogram nkilometre(Am kilometer)n kind1nkind2akindergarten nkindness nking nkingdom n kiss n&vkitchen nkite nknee nknife(pl knives)n knock n&vknow(knew,known)v knowledge nLlab=laboratory n labour(Am labor)n lack n&vlady nlake nlamb nlame alamp nland n&v language nlantern nlap nlarge alast a&vlate a&adlatter nlaugh n&v laughter nlaundry nlaw nlawyer nlay(laid,laid)v lazy alead(led,led)v&n leader nleaf(pl leaves)n league nleak vlearn(learnt,learnt 或-ed,-ed)vleast nleather nleave(left,left)v lecture nleft a,ad&nleg nlegal alemon n&a lemonade nlend(lent,lent)v length nlesson nlet(let,let)vletter nlevel n liberation n liberty n librarian n library nlicense nlid nlie1n&v lie2(lay,lain)v life(pl lives) n lift v&nlight n,v&a lightning nlike v&prep likely alimit vline n&vlink v&nlion nlip nliquid n&alist n&vlisten v literature n literary alitre(Am liter)n litter vlittle(less,least)a live v&alively aload nloaf nlocal alock n&v lonely along a&ad look n&v loose alorry nlose(lost,lost)vloss nlot nloud alounge nlove n&vlovely alow a&adluck nlucky aluggage nlunch nlung nMmachine nmad amadam/madame n magazine nmagic amaid nmail n&v mailbox nmain amainland nmajor amajority nmake1nmake2(made,made)v male a&nman(pl men)n manage vmanager nmankind nmanner nmany(more,most)pron&a map nmaple nmarathon nmarble nmarch n&vmark n&vmarket nmarriage nmarry vmask n&vmass nmaster v&nmat nmatch v&nmaterial nmathematics=math/maths nmatter n&vmature amaximum a&nmay modal vmaybe adme pronmeal nmean(meant,meant)v meaning n。
2017年考研英语二真题完整版精品word文档
2017年考研英语二真题完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 underground.It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 : "Please don't approach me."What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as "creepy,". We fear we'll be 7 . We fear we'll be disruptive. Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety,we 10 to our phones. "Phones become our security blanket," Wortmann says. "They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .”But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . "When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C] signal [D] record2. [A] nothing [B] link [C] another [D] much3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C] plugged [D] brought4. [A] message [B] cede [C] notice [D] sign5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from6. [A] misinterpret [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungrateful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring12. [A] hurt [B] resist [C] bend [D] decay13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predict [D] design16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C] In fact [D] In consequence19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] logical [D] rareSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured peo ple’s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home, ”writes one of the researchers, Sarah Damske.In fact women even say they feel better at work, shenotes.“ It is men, notwomen, who report being happier at home than at work. ”Another surprise is that findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so fornonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home, whether it is household work or wor k brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-householdtasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it’s not just a gender thing. Atwork, people pretty much know what the y’re supposed to be doing:working,marking money,doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income.The bargain is very pure:Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity.Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices.Plus,they’re your family.You cannot fire your family.You never really get to go home from home.So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Paragraph 1,most previous surveys found that home_____[A] offered greater relaxation than the workplace[B] was an ideal place for stress measurement[C] generated more stress than the workplace[D] was an unrealistic place for relaxation22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A] Childless wives[B] Working mothers[C] Childless husbands[D] Working fathers23.The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that_____[A] it is difficult for them to leave their office[B] their home is also a place for kicking back[C] there is often much housework left behind[D] they are both bread winners and housewives24.The word“moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means_____[A] skills[B] energy[C] earnings[D] nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____[A] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[B] home is hardly a cozier working environment[C] household tasks are generally more motivating[D] family labor is often adequately rewardedText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students- those who do not have a parent with a college degree- lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first- generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” ab achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students ( who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis- that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact- was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first- generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of collegeresources,” they write.And this becomes more of a problem when collages don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students. Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students ’educational experience, many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students’ like them can improve.26. Recruiting more first- generation students has_______[A] reduced their dropout rates[B] narrowed the achievement gap[C] missed its original purpose[D] depressed college students27. The author of the research article are optimistic because_______[A] the problem is solvable[B] their approach is costless[C] the recruiting rate has increased[D] their finding appeal to students28. The study suggests that most first- generation students______[A] study at private universities[B] are from single-parent families[C] are in need of financial support[D] have failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students_______[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B] can have a potential influence on other students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30. We may infer from the last paragraph that_______[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText 3Even in traditional offices, “the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,” said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, passion. There were goals,there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn’t tal k about energy; we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented—and not bycoincidence.“Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America, it’s still a big deal. It’s not explicitl y conscious; it’s the idea that I’m a coach, and you’re my team, and we’re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Khurana points out, increase allegiance to the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: Terms like vi sion, values, passion, and purpose,” said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance. The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments a bout why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. But if your work is your “passion,” you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said, “You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.31. According to Nancy Koehn,office language has become_____[A] more emotional[B] more objective[C] less energetic[D] less strategic32. “Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_______[A] historical incidents[B] gender difference[C] sports culture[D] athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to______[A] revive historical terms[B] promote company image[C] foster corporate cooperation[D] strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In________[A] voices for working women[B] appeals to passionate workaholics[C] triggers debates among mommies[D] praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A] Managers admire it but avoid it[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C] Companies find it to be fundamental[D] Regular people mock it but accept itText 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June,along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent,as good news.And they were right.For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace.We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked.There was a big jump in the number of people who repot voluntarily working part-time.This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent)above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction.Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs.They take part-time work because this is all they can get.An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June,but the general direction has been down.Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession,but it is down by 640,000(7.9percent)from is year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us.The survey used by the Labor Department asks people is they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week.If the answer is“yes”,they are classified as worked less than 35hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice .They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people ,especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions ,before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families.With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36. Which part of the jobs picture are neglected?[A] The prospect of a thriving job market.[B] The increase of voluntary part-time market.[C] The possibility of full employment.[D] The acceleration of job creation.37. Many people work part-time because they_____.[A] prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs.[B] feel that is enough to make ends meet.[C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.[D] haven’t seen the weakness of the market.38. Involuntary part-time employment is the US_____.[A] is harder to acquire than one year ago.[B] shows a general tendency of decline.[C] satisfies the real need of the jobless.[D] is lower than before the recession.39. It can be learned that with Obamacare,_____.[A] it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance[C] it is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D] full-time employment is still essential for insurance40. The text mainly discusses_______.[A] employment in the US[B] part-timer classification[C] insurance though Medicaid[D] Obamacare’s troublePart BDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.For Questions 41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthe list [A]-[G] to fit intoeachofthenumberedblank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A] You are not alone[B] Don’t fear responsibility for your life[C] Pave your own unique path[D] Most of your fears are unreal[E] Think about the present moment[F] Experience helps you grow[G] There are many things to be grateful forUnfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness.I want to share these ten old truths I’ve learned along the way.41._____________________________Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.” I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_____________________________If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43______________________________Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44________________________________No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45________________________________Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin,think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to zone out from the actual driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-kn own route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a notice to1) briefly introduce the camp activities, and2) call for volunteers.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your name or the name of your university.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)文档内容由经济学金融硕士考研金程考研网整理发布。
2017英语二
2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again _1_ that technology be replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by _2_. A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive _3_ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one _4_ by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_, people will simply become lazy and depressed. _6_, today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for _7_ Americans. Also, some research suggests that the _8_ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting _9_ poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many _10_ the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t _11_ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the _12_ of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the _13_ of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could _14_ strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the _15_ of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively _16_ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional _17_ of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel _18_,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself _19_a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for _20_ matters.1.[A] boasting [B] denying [C] warning [D] ensuring【答案】C【解析】答案为C。
2017年硕士研究生入学考试大纲
2017年硕士研究生入学考试大纲考试科目名称：基础英语考试科目代码：610一、 考试要求基础英语考试大纲适用于北京工业大学外国语学院（0502）外国语言文学学科的硕士研究生入学考试。
考试内容以英语语言基本功，对中西方文化差异的敏感性，英语语言综合运用能力的考察为主。
二、考试内容本考试包括四部分内容：阅读理解、词汇选择、翻译和写作。
（一）阅读理解阅读理解部分测试考生通过阅读获取有关信息的能力，考核学生掌握相关阅读策略和技巧的程度。
既要求准确性，也要求一定的速度。
阅读速度为每分钟150个单词。
题材包括社会、科技、文化、经济、日常知识、人物传记等。
体裁包括记叙文、描写文、说明文、议论文、广告、说明书、图表等。
(1)能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评。
(2)能读懂有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品。
(3)能理解所读材料的主旨大意，分辨出其中的事实和细节；能理解字面意义和隐含意义；能根据所读材料进行判断和推理；能分析所读材料的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。
(4)能在阅读中根据需要自觉调整阅读速度和阅读技巧。
（二）词汇词汇部分测试考生掌握英语专业本科基础阶段规定的认知词汇；正确熟练地使用规定词汇中的高频词汇及学术词汇，如惯用搭配等。
（三）翻译翻译部分包括汉译英和英译汉。
汉译英测试考生运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译国内有影响力的或与英语学习有关的报刊杂志以及一般文学作品的节录的能力。
译文要求忠实原意，语言通顺，符合英语表达习惯。
英译汉测试考生运用英译汉的理论和技巧，翻译国外有影响力的报刊杂志上有关政治、经济、历史、文化等方面的论述以及文学原著节录的能力。
译文要求忠实原意，语言流畅，符合汉语表达习惯。
（四）写作写作部分考察考生是否能够综合运用语言文化知识，撰写内容充实、语言通顺、用词恰当、表达得体的文章。
文章体裁不固定，文章长度约400单词。
三、参考书目1、《英汉翻译基础教程》，穆雷主编，高等教育出版社出版，2008年。
2017年硕士研究生入学考试大纲
2017年硕士研究生入学考试大纲考试科目名称：高级英语考试科目代码：816一、考试要求高级英语考试大纲适用于北京工业大学外国语学院（0502）外国语言文学一级学科的硕士研究生入学考试。
考试内容包含现代英语语言学的基本理论部分和翻译部分，这两部分是从事外国语言文学学科学习的重要基础知识。
语言学的考试内容不仅包括语言学的基本知识，对二语习得、语言学与外语教学也略有涉猎。
翻译部分包括与英汉—汉英应用翻译相关的功能目的论等理论，应用翻译的基本原理和方法，商务、法律、新闻、旅游、政论等实用文体的功能特征、翻译要求与常用译法。
要求考生能英汉互译常见的政治、经济、文化、科技等术语；短文翻译要求译文理解准确，表达流畅，体现出对翻译策略和技巧的掌握。
二、考试内容现代英语语言学部分：（一）语言及语言学的定义、语言的区别性特征、语言的功能及分类等部分(1) 语言及语言学的基本定义。
(2) 语言的区别性特征。
(3) 语言的功能、分类等。
（二）语音学、形态学、句法学、语义学和语用学部分(1) 英语音素、发音及国际音标等基本知识、音位学的相关概念等；(2) 形态学、词素及词素的分类（自由词素、粘着词素、屈折词素和派生词素）、词的构成等；(3) 传统语法、结构语法、转换生成语法、系统功能语法、韩礼德的三大元功能等；(4) 语义学的定义、词的联想意义、同义词、反义词、上下义词、多义词；句子的语义关系、隐喻等；(5) 言语行为理论、会话含义理论、礼貌原则、合作原则理论及关联理论等（三）语言的交叉学科部分彰语言的交叉学科研究(1) 语言与社会的关系、萨丕尔-沃夫假说等；(2) 二语习得及影响二语习得因素、对比分析、错误分析和测试等；(3) 语言学和外语教学的关系、语言学理论在外语教学中的应用及意义等；翻译部分：（一）了解功能目的论与应用翻译（1）功能目的论简介；（2）功能目的论与等值论；（3）删减与改写；（4）功能目的论与应用翻译；（5）翻译目的与翻译策略。
2017考研大纲2017考研英语(二)大纲完整版
2017考研大纲：2017考研英语（二）大纲完整版2017英语考研大纲已出，下文是查查吧网站整理的英语二考研大纲完整版原文，广大考生可参考。
I. 考试性质英语(二)考试主要是为高等院校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目。
其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II .考查内容考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识1. 语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，其中包括：(1)名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法;(2)动词时态、语态的构成及其用法;(3)形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法;(4)常用连接词的词义及其用法;(5)非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法;(6)虚拟语气的构成及其用法;(7)各类从句(定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等)及强调句型的结构及其用法;(8)倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法。
2. 词汇考生应能较熟练地掌握5 500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组(详见附录相关部分)。
考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。
(二)语言技能1. 阅读考生应能读懂不同题材和体裁的文字材料。
题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等，体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。
根据阅读材料，考生应能：(1)理解主旨要义;(2)理解文中的具体信息;(3)理解语篇的结构和上下文的逻辑关系;(4)根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义;(5)进行一定的判断和推理;(6)理解作者的意图、观点或态度。
2. 写作考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。
短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。
III. 考试形式、考试内容与试卷结构(一)考试形式考试形式为笔试。
2017年考研英语大纲解读
2017年考研英语大纲解读—阅读篇来源:智阅网2016年8月26日，2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲终于出炉。
通过与《2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲》对比，发现无论是英语(一)还是英语(二)，2017年考研英语大纲传统阅读部分内容均没有实质性变化。
考生可以按照原有的复习思路进行系统、深度地复习，这体现了英语试题趋于稳定性的规律。
那么，究竟什么才是阅读的正确方法和思路呢,我们一起来学习一下。
一、关于阅读：1. 阅读前，必先浏览题干目的是对文章有一个初步印象，带着题干中的有效信息猜测文章的大致内容，之后可以根据关键词的定位并把注意力集中在文章的相关部分，这样可以对哪些地方应该细读、哪些略读、做到心中有数。
其次要了解文章的整体结构，知道文章中的大概位置。
浏览时要想着问题，遇到与问题相关的材料，一定要做好标记。
这样在做一些细节题时就可以直接跳读到答案在文章中的位置了。
2. 阅读中，抓住主题句区分论点和论据。
段首、段尾句常考：段首、段尾句一般表达了文章的中心思想，或者就是该段的主题句，对全文或全段起着提纲挈领的作用。
每一段的第一句都要仔细地读，尤其是最长的一段更要注意它的主要内容。
边阅读边在主题段或主题句或重要的词句下面画线，读完全文后再回过头来重读画线部分，然后就会得出作者的主要意图。
文章主题句根据文体的不同，在文中的位置也不同，可能放在段首，也可能放在段中或段尾。
3. 阅读后，注意理解句子和词汇的言外之意考研阅读理解的文章中，几乎每一句话都可以当成出题点，每一句话也都可能是答题点，所以不把文章读透，光凭猜测或答题技巧，是不可能赢得高分的，在阅读文章时，一定要把每句话都读懂，才能在后面的解题中快速准确地找出相应答案。
上面讲述了在新阅读大纲的指导下，我们该如何做阅读，如何学习阅读技巧，我们相信熟能生巧，在谭剑波和李群共同编写的2017《考研英语二阅读强化特训60篇》这本书的辅助下，和我们的努力与勤奋，阅读绝不是问题，加油吧，你们都是最棒的。
2017考研英语二真题+答案(完整版)
2017考研英语二真题+答案(完整版)2017考研英语二真题+答案（缺少完型填空1-20）Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points).People have speculated for centuries about a future without work,.Today is no different, with academics, writers, and activists once again_1_ warning that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by_2_ inequality: A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland. A different and not mutually exculsive _3_ holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one _4_by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_, people will simply become lazy and depressed. _6_, today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll foundUniversity of Ireland in Galway who has written about a world without work. “Global surveys find that the vast majority of people are unhappy at work.”These days, because leisure time is relatively _16_ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional _17_ of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard day’s work, I often feel _18_,”Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don’t have to work, I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself _19_a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for _20_ matters.1 [A]boasting[B]warning[C]denying[D]ensuring2[A]uncertainty[B]unreliability[C]instability[ D]inequality3[A]policy[B]guideline[C]prediction[D]resolu tion4[A]measured[B]divied[C]balanced[D]charac terized5[A]meaning[B]wisdom[C]glory[D]freedom 6[A]indeed[B]instead[C]thus[D]nevertheless 7[A]rich[B]working[C]urban[D]educated8[A]substitute[B]requirement[C]compensatio n[D] explanation9[A]under[B]beyond[C]among[D]alongside10[A]leave behind[B]worry about[C]make up[D]set aside11[A]atatistically[B]necessarily[C]occasionall y[D]economicall12[A]downsides[B]chance[C]benefits[D]princ iples13[A]course[B]height[C]face[D]absence14[a]disturd[b]restore[C]yield[D]exclude15[A]model[B]virtue[C]practice[D]hardship 16[A]tricky[B]lengthy[C]scarce[D]mysterious 17[A]threats[B]standards[C]qualities[D]dema nds18[A]tired[B]ignored[C]confused[D]starved 19[A]off[B]against[C]into[D]behind20[A]professional[B]technological[C]educatio nal[D]interpersonal完型填空【答案】1.B warning2.D inequality3.C prediction4.D characterized5.A meaning6.A Indeed7.B working8.D explanation9.A under10.worry about11.B necessarily12.B chances13.D absence14.C yield15.C practice16.C scarce17.D demands18. A tired19.C into20.D interpersonalSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C orD. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour. Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games ofthe 30th Olympic would be to lever a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter,healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2012-but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sport and to produce more elite athletes. Thedual aim is mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers. Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved planing of such a fundamentally “grassroots” concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods－making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21.According to Paragraph 1, Parkrun has.[A] gained great popularity[B] created many jobs[C] strengthened community ties[D] become an official festival22.The author believes that London’s Olympic “legacy”has failed to .[A] boost population growth[B] promote sport participation[C] improve the city’s image[D] increase sport hours in schools23.Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it.[A] aims at discovering talents[B] focuses on mass competition[C] does not emphasize elitism[D] does not attract first-timers24.With regard to mass sports, the author holds that governments should.[A] organize “grassroots” sports events[B] supervise local sports associations[C] increase funds for sports clubs[D] invest in public sports facilities25.The author’s attitude to what UKgovernment have done for sports is.[A] tolerant[B] critical[C] uncertain[D] sympatheticText1【答案】21.A gained great popularity22.B promote sport participation23.C does not emphasize elitism24.D invest in public sports facilities25.B criticalText 2With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it’s easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phonesand tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started 20 per cent fewer verbal and 39 per cent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive- as they often are when absorbed in a device- it can be extremely disconcerting for the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment”devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback: The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’sattention. “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely present at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,”says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasised, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it- particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feelhappier, which lets them be more available to their child the rest of the time.26.According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to______.[A] absorb user attention[B] increase work efficiency[C] simplify routine matters[D] better interpersonal relations27.Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices______.[A] takes away babies’ appetite[B] distracts children’s attention[C] reduces mother-child communication[D] slows down babies’ verbal development28.Radesky cites the “still face experiment”to show that______.[A] it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions[B] parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs[C] verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange[D] children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood29.The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to______.[A] protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies[B] teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year[C] remain concerned about kids’use of screens[D] ensure constant interaction with their children30.According to Tronick, kids’use of screens may_______.[A] make their parents more creative[B] give their parents some free time[C] help them with their homework[D] help them become more attentiveText2【答案】26. A absorb user attention27. C reduces mother-child communication28. B parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs29.D ensure constant interaction with their children30.B give their parents some free timeText 3Today, widespread social pressure to immediately go to college in conjunction with increasingly high expectations in a fast-moving word often causes students to completely overlook the possibility of taking a gap year. After all, if everyone you know is going to college in the fall, it seems silly to stay back a year, doesn’t it? And after going to school for 12 years, it doesn’t feel natural to spend a year doing something that isn’t academic.But while this may be true, it’s not a good enough reason to condemn gap years. There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line,” whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or a lucrative career. But despite common misconceptions, a gap year does not hind the success of academic pursuits-in fact, it probably enhances it.Studies from the United States and Australia show that students who take a gap year are generally better prepared for and perform better in college that those who do not. Rather than pulling students back, a gap year pushes them ahead by preparing them for independence, new responsibilities and environmental changes - all things that first-year students often struggle with the most. Gap year experiences can lessen the blow when it comes to adjusting to college and being thrown into a brand new environment, making it easier to focus on academics and activitiesrather than acclimation blunders.If you’re not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choice. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, nearly 80 percent of college students end up changing their majors at least once. This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of the vast academic possibilities that await them in college. Many students find themselves listing one major on their college application, but switching to another after taking college classes. It’s not necessarily a bad thing, but depending on the school, it can be closely to make up credits after switching too late in the game. At Boston college, for example, you would have to complete an extra year were you to switch to the nursing school from another department. Taking a gap year to figure things out initially can help prevent stress and savemoney later on.31.One of the reasons for high-school graduates not taking a gap year is thatA. they think it academically misleadingB. they have a lot of fun to expect in collegeC. it feels strange to do differently from othersD. It seems worthless to take off-campus courses32.Studies from the US and Australia imply that taking a gap year helpsA.Keep students from being unrealisticB.Lower risks in choosing careersC.Ease freshmen’s financial burdensD.Relieve freshmen of pressures33.The word “acclimation” (Line 8, Para. 3) is closest in meaning toA.AdaptationB.ApplicationC.Motivationpetition34.A gap year may save money for students by helping themA. Avoid academic failuresB. Establish long-term goalC. Switch to another collegeD. Decide on the right major35.The most suitable title for this text would beA. In Favor of the GapB. The ABCs of the Gap YearC. The Gap Year Comes BackD. The Gap Year :A DilemmaText3【答案】31.B They have a lot of fun to expect in college32.D relieve freshmen of pressure33.B adaptation34.A decide on the right major35.B In favor of the Gap YearText 4Though often viewed as a problem for western states, the growing frequency of the wildfires is a national concern because of impacton federal tax dollars, says Professor Max Moritz, a specialist in fire ecology and management.In 2015, the US Forest Service for the first time spent more than half of its $5.5 billion annual budget fighting fires—nearly double the percentage it spend on such efforts 20 years ago. In effect, fewer federal finds todays are going towards the agency’s other work—such as forest conservations, watershed and cultural resources management, and infrastructure upkeep—that affect the lives of all Americans.Another nationwide concern is whether public front other agencies are going into construction in fire—prone districts. As Moritz puts it ,how often are federal dollors building homes are likely to be lost to a widefire?“It’s already a huge problem from a public expenditure persperctive for the whole country,”he says “We need to take a manifying glass to that. Like, “Wait a minitues, is this Ok?” Do we want instead to redirect those funds toconcertrate on lower—hazardparts of the landscape?”Such a view would require a corresponding shift in the way US society today views fires, researchers say.For one thing, conversation about wildfires needs to be more inclusive. Over the past decade, the focus has been on climate change —how the warning of the Earth from greenhouse gases is leading to conditions that worsen fires.While climate is a key element, Moritz says, it shouldn’t come at the expense of the rest of the equation.“The human system and landscapes we live on are linked, and the interactions go boths ways,”he says. Falling to recognize that, he notes, leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited.”At the same time , people continue to treat fire as an event that needs to be whollycontrolled and unleashed only out of necessity, says Proffesor Balch at the University of Colorado. But acknowledging fire’s inevitable presence in human life is an attitude crucial to developing for the laws, politics, and practices that make it as safe as possible, she says . “We’re disconnected ourselves from living with fire,” Balch says ,” It is really important to understand and try and trease out what is the human connection with the fire today .”36. More frequency wildfires have become a national concern because in 2015 they tend to A. cause a huge a rise of infrastructure expenditureB. severely damaged the ecology of western statesC. consumed a record—high percentage of budgetD. exhausted unprecendented management efforts37. Moritz calls for the use of “a magnifying glass” toA. raise more funds for fire-prone areasB. guarantee safer spending of public fundsC. avoid the redirection of federal moneyD. find widefire—free parts of the landscape38. While admitting that climate is a key element, Moritz notes thatA. public debates have not selected yetB. fire—fighting conditions are improvingC. other factors should not be overlookedD. a shift in the view of fire has taken place39. The overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of falling toA. understand the interrelation of man and natureB. maximize the role of landscape in human lifeC.explore the mechanism of the human systemsD. discover the fundamental makeup of nature40. Professor Balch point out that fire is something man shouldA. do away withB. keep away fromC. pay a price forD. come to terms withText4【答案】36. C consumed a record-high percentage of budget37. A raise more fund for fire-prone areas38. C other factors should nod be overlooked39. A understand the interrelations of man and nature40. D come to terms withPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWE SHEET.(10 minutes)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. “We don’t make anything anymore.” he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing. But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead of having too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing. American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every year. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their places. Otherindustries are recruiting them with similar or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers - and upward pressure on wages. “They’re harder to find and they have job offers.” says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm. “They may be coming [into the workforce], but they’ve been plucked by other industries that are also doing as well as manufacturing.”Mr Dunwell has begun bringing high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, Robert Roth keeps a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers. Five are retiring this year. Mr Roth has three community-college students enrooled in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant,young Jason Stenquist looks flustered by the copper coils he’s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It’s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. “I love working with tools. I loving creating.” he says. But to win over these young workers, manufacturing have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downtown since the Great Despreesion, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off. They blame it on the manufacturing recessions.”says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency western Michigan.There concerns aren’t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2015. When the recovery began, worker strangers first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Nowshortages are appearing at the mid-skilled levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take on skill and those that require a lot of skills.”says rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College. “There’re enough people to fill the jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don’t need to have much skill. It’s that gap in between, and that’s where the problem is.”Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community College points to another key to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a worker/life balance. While their parents were content to work long hours, young people value flexibility. “Overtime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives.”she says.[A] believe that it is importantto keep a close eye on the ageof his workers41. Jay [B] says that theDunwell manufacturing recession is toblame for the lay off of theyoung people’s parents.42. Jason Stenquist [C] says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.43. Birgit Klohs [D] says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.44. Rob Spohs [E] points out that the USdoesn’t manufacture anythinganymore.45. Julie Parks [F] points out that there areenough people to fill the jobsthat don’t need much skill.[G] points out that aworker/life balance canattract young people intomanufacturing.【答案】41. Jay Dunwell 答案C says that for factoryowners, workers are harder to find because of stiff competition.42. Jason Stenquist 答案 D says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.43. Birgit Klohs 答案 B says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off of the young peopl e’s parents.44. Rob Spohr 答案 F points out there are enough people to fill the jobs that don’t need much skill.45. Julie Parks 答案G points out that a work/life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.Section III TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neat on theANSWER SHEET. (10 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course I realized that I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university I told everyone that I would study journalism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favorite activities. But, to be honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream—I knew that no one could imagine me in the fashion industry at all! So I decided to look for some fashion-related courses that included writing. This is when I noticed the course “Fashion Media & Promotion.”46.【答案】我总是梦想着在一个与时尚和出版相关的地方工作。
2017年考研英语二大纲解析之英语知识应用
2017年考研英语二大纲解析之英语知识应用千呼万唤中，《2017全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）考试大纲》终于露面。
海文考研第一时间组织业界精英名师进行大纲解析，透视其后体现出来的考点，以飨众多考生。
总体而言，2017年的考研英语大纲呈稳定态势，其考试要求，大纲话术乃至出题形式完全一致。
这就告知，各位考生可以按部就班，从容应对了。
具体而言，最新大纲中英语语言知识运用的要求：英语语言知识运用就是传统完型填空的新叫法，主要考查考生结合上下文的综合理解能力和语言运用能力，即在阅读理解的基础上对篇章结构、语法和词汇知识的运用能力的考查以及语篇中连贯性、一致性等语段特征的辨识能力。
透析大纲，不难发现英语二完型的核心考点在于词汇和文章结构，对语法考查涉及的比较少，但注重文章句与句之间的逻辑关系。
在考前训练中，各位考生在解题时，可以紧扣这几个考点。
整个考研英语历史上，此题得分较低，原因就在于考生不了解完型的解题方法。
各位考生一定铭记完型要拿高分，一定要有"线索"意识。
完型中的每个空格并不孤立，会和文章已知信息有各种关联，就是一个由"已知"推导"未知"的过程。
英语知识应用所给的篇章虽不完整，但是可以通过略读首段掌握大概内容。
具体的解题线索包含文章、选项，乃至综合文章以及选项线索，其中最核心的就是文章线索，包含文章主题，结构，逻辑关联（句间、段间）。
以大纲样题为例，本篇讲述的是美国文化中的一个虚构人物"玩偶大兵乔"在现实生活中的意义，因此文中会涉及到一些军队生活的描述。
这一背景就可以成为一条解题线索。
第二，合理运用逻辑。
在做题时应该积极调动我们的常识进行推理。
一方面根据常识排除一些明显不符合逻辑的选项。
另一方面可以根据逻辑判断句与句之间的关系，如因果关系、对比关系等。
比如：This was not a volunteer soldier, not someone well paid, ____ an average guy.该句中前两个并列成分是否定句中的 a volunteer soldier（一个志愿兵）和someone well paid（有优厚报酬的人），题眼之后的an average guy（一个普通人）与二者应该是对比关系，所以正确答案是表示转折关系的but。
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2017 年MPA 英语二考试大纲
离考试只剩下不到四个月啦，你们都在看书备考了么?2017 年的考试大纲已经发布，先赶紧来围观学习!
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)考试大纲(非英语专
业)(2017 年版)
I. 考试性质
英语(二)考试主要是为高等院校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目。
其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II .考查内容
考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：
(一)语言知识
1. 语法知识
考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识，其中包括：
(1)名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法;(2)动词时态、语态的构成及其用法;(3)形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法;(4)常用连接词的词义及其用法;(5)非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法;(6)虚拟语气的构成及其用法;(7)各类从句(定语从句、主语从
句、表语从句等)及强调句型的结构及其用法;(8)倒装句、插入语的结构及其用法。
2. 词汇考生应能较熟练地掌握5 500 个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组(详见附录相关部分)。
考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或。