2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题11
2020年职称英语卫生A阅读理解真题及答案
2020年职称英语卫生A阅读理解真题及答案2020年职称英语卫生A阅读理解真题及答案Deforestation and Desertification(沙漠化)The Sahel zone lies between the Sahara desert and the fertile savannahs(热带大草原)of northern Nigeria and South Sudan. The word sahel comes from Arabic and means marginal or transitional, and this is a good description of these semi-arid(半干旱)lands, which occupy much of the Western African countries of Mali, Mauritania, Niger, and Chad.Unfortunately, over the last century the Sahara desert has steadily crept southwards eating into once productive Sahellands. United Nations surveys show that over 70 percent of the dry land in agriculture use in Africa has deteriorated over the last 30 years. Droughts have become more severe, the most recent lasting over twenty years in parts of the Sahel region. The same process of desertification is taking place across southern Africa as the Kalahari desert advances into Botswana and parts of South Africa.One of the major causes of this desert advance is poor agricultural land use, driven by the pressures of increasing population. Overgrazing-keeping too many farm animals on the land-means that grasses and other plants cannot recover, and scarce water supplies are exhausted. Over cultivation-trying to grow too many crops on poor land-results in the soil becoming even less fertile and drier, and beginning to break up. Soil erosion(侵蚀)follows, and the land turns into desert.Another cause of desertification is loss of tree cover. Trees are cut down for use as fuel and to clear land for agricultural use. Tree roots help to bind the soil together,to conserve moisture, and to provide a habitat for otherplants and animals. When trees are cut down, the soil begins to dry and loosen, wind and rain erosion increase, other plant species die, and eventually the fertile top soil may be almost entirely lost, leaving only bare rock and dust.The effects of loss of topsoil and increased drought are irreversible. They are, however, preventable. Careful conservation of tree cover and sustainable agricultural land use have been shown to halt deterioration of soils and lessen the effects of shortage of rainfall. One project in Kita in south-west Mali funded by UNDP has involved local communities in sustainable management off or rest, while at the same time providing a viable(有活力的)agricultural economy. This may be a model for similar projects in other West African countries.36.【题干】The Sahel zone is an area which _____.【选项】A.is covered with sad and grassB.has a long historyC.occupies much of South NigeriaD.belongs to Sudan【答案】A【解析】37. 【题干】What is the situation about thedesertification in Africa?【选项】A.The deserts are replaced with grasslandsB.The deserts are expandingC.the deserts are moving northwardsD.the deserts are being deserted【答案】B【解析】38. 【题干】The word "deteriorated" in paragraph2 means _____.【选项】A.deepenedB.sufferedC.slippedD.worsened【答案】D【解析】39. 【题干】What is the root cause of desertification?【选项】A.poor farmingB.overpopulationC.radical climate changeD.disappearance of rare plant species。
2020职称英语考试《卫生类》A级阅读判断练习(4)
2020职称英语考试《卫生类》A级阅读判断练习(4)"Own" Your Children's Education"Helping them isn't about showing your kids how to do the work.It's about being genuinely interested and having regular conversations about what they're learning,''says J.Gary Knowles,a professor at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education,part of the University of Toronto.Rozon has a slew of suggestions for how to get more,-involved."Get to know the teacher.Discuss ways to tailor the assignments to your child's learning style.Spend time in the classroom.Ask for outlines of unit studies so you can find supplementary materials at the library or through videos.Read your child's textbooks:If you work a few pages ahead,you'llbe able to help them with problems they encounter.''Reading is another must,says Rozon."Even after yourchildren can read themselves,hearing somebody else read aloudis important.We nearly always have a book on the go1;we readfor at least a half hour before bedtime.The more engaged a parent is,the more the child benefits,adds Bruce Ami."The evidence is clear:Parental involvementis One of the most important factors in school success.Arai cites the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth,sponsored by Human Resources Development Canada(HRDC),whichis measuring all aspects of child development."The hours children spend in class are but2 one element of theireducation'',states HDC,which says parental support,along with teacher support and a positive attitude towards school.all contribute to academic success."I see every moment of every day as a learning experience." says Goforth."The most satisfying part of it is seeing the,love of learning continued.I'm not squelching my children's desire to learn by insisting they learn. They learn because they want to."Adds Jeanne Lambert,mother of Carey Graham:"Make the time3,take the time4,guide,lead,and encourage.If nothing else,your children learn you care,and that's the most important lesson you can give them."词汇:Slew [非正式用语] 很多squelch 压制,压服must 必须做的事注释:1、on the go:处在……过程中。
2020年职称英语卫生A阅读判断练习题(2)
2020年职称英语卫生A阅读判断练习题(2)How to Choose the Perfect StrollerFor a newborn you have to decide whether you want a pram,a car-seat frame,a travel system or a convertible stroller.As a newborn needs to lie down for the first 4-5 months of its life,a pram seems to be the perfect solution becauseit's bassinet-like sleeping space,but after the baby can sit up you'll need a new stroller. A pram can be also quite large and expensive.A low-cost alternative can be the car seat frame that allows you to snap your infant car seat right on top. This foldable and lightweight frame can be easily stored in the truck of your car. However after the baby outgrows the infant car seat you'll have to buy a new stroller.The travel system could seem as the perfect solution for a stroller. It can be used from birth till the baby is 3 years old. This type of stroller allows you to keep the car seat on the stroller until your baby is old enough to sit up,and then remove it and seat your baby in the stroller itself. However it can be that this system is quite heavy and not so easy to fold and shove in the car truck.If you want to leave the car seat out of the equation you might,consider a convertible stroller as it can be your companion from the first days of your child's life till he is in the toddler stage. The seat of a convertible stroller canbe folded back so your newborn can ride flat but as the baby grows you can fold it up and so he can also sit upright.If you are looking for a stroller for a baby that can sit upright,you might consider a lightweight stroller,a jogger or a standard stroller depending on your all day needs.Whichever type of stroller you choose you have to look up certain features like: stability,harness(five-point harnessis best),height of the handles(adjustable handle heightsmight be a plus),folding type and size(in order to be able to shove it into your truck)16.A pram is the best stroller for a baby before it cansit uprightA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:A解析:该题说的是:在婴儿能够坐起之前,卧式婴儿车是的选择。
2020职称英语补全短文模拟题:卫生类A级
2020职称英语补全短文模拟题:卫生类A级2020职称英语补全短文模拟题:卫生类A级阅读下面的短文,文章中有5处空白,文章后面有6组文字,请根据文章的内容选择5组文字,将其分别放回文章原有位置,以恢复文章原貌。
请将答案涂在答题卡相对应的位置上。
Some Unusual CelebrationsSome holidays are well-known all around the world. Among them are New Year’s Eve celebrations. Also common are daysin honor of love and friendship, like Valentine’s Day. Each country has its own special holidays, too, often to mark important events in its schools, banks, and governments offices all close on days like these, ____(46). A few of them are really very strange.Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. Con sider April Fool’s Day, for example. No one knows when or why it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries—France, England and Australia, among others. On this day, people play practical jokes ____(47). The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they got angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?Day in Poland seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional for boys to over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part. They do it to girls they like. unusual celebrations take place in a single city or town. A holiday called La is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more pounds of tomatoes into thislittle town. _____(48). For two hours, streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to marks thestart of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains andcatch a wild ____(49).also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, person gets an idea for a new holiday andtries to get others to accept it. Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, fun than the one on February 9. ____(50) of inventing a new holiday? If you do, then you will want to mark. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.A. Some people have fun imaging new holidays.B. That is supposed to be Toothache Day.C. Then begins the world’s biggest food fight.D. They bring him back to town, put a crown on his head and make days.E. Jokes are supposed to be funny, but these jokes do not make everythingF. Some of the days people celebrate, however, are less serious.更多推荐:。
职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读练习及答案(参考)
职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读练习及答案(参考)Common Problems, Common SolutionsThe chances are that you made up your mind about smoking a long time ago-and decided it's not for you.The chances are equally good that you know a lot of smokers-there are, after all about 60 millions of them, work with them, play with them, and get along with them very well.And finally it's a pretty safe bet that you're open-minded and interested in all the various issues about smokers and nonsmokers-or you wouldn't be reading this.And those three things make you incredibly important today.Because they mean that yours is the voice-not the smoker's and not the anti-smoker's-that will determine how much of society's efforts should go into building walls that separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together.For one tragic result of the emphasis on building walls is the diversion of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases which, when all is said and done, still strike the nonsmoker as well as the smoker. One prominent health organization, to cite but a single instance, now speeds 28 cents of every publicly-contributed dollar on "education"(much of it in anti-smoking propaganda) and only 2 cents on research.There will always be some who want to build walls, who want to separate people from people, and up to a point, even these may serve society. The anti-smoking wall-builders have, to give them their due, helped to make us all more keenly aware of choice.But our guess, and certainly our hope, is that you are among the far greater number who know that walls are only temporaryat best, and that over the long run, we can serve society's interests better by working together in mutual accommodation.Whatever virtue walls may have, they can never move our society toward fundamental solutions. People who work together on common problems, common solutions, can.1. What does the word "wall" used in the passage mean?A) Anti-smoking propaganda.B) Diseases striking nonsmokers as well as smokers.C) Rules and regulations that prohibit smokingD) Separation of smokers from nonsmokers.2. In paragraph 4, "you" refers toA) smokersB) non-smokersC) anti-smokersD) smokers who have quitted smoking3. It is evident that the author is not in favor ofA) building a wall between smokers and nonsmokersB) doing scientific research at the expense of one's healthC) bringing smokers and nonsmokers togetherD) providing accommodation for smokers.4. As is suggested, the common solution to the common problem isA) To separate people from peopleB) To work together in mutual accommodationC) To make us more keenly aware of choiceD) To serve society's interests better.5. According to the passage, the writer looks upon the anti-smoking wall-builder's actionsA) optimisticallyB) pessimisticallyC) unconcernedlyD) skeptically key: DDABD。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题3
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题3Disease, Diagnosis, Treatment and PreventionDisease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on1 all its required functions. There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the person.In order to treat a disease, the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness —that is, make a diagnosis2. A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together. The doctor must know the symptoms, which are the changes in body function felt by the patient; and the signs (also called objective symptoms) which the doctor himself can observe. Sometimes a characteristic group of signs (or symptoms) accompanied a given disease. Such a group is called a syndrome. Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated3 by the physician in making his diagnosis.Although nurses do not diagnose, they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs, encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms, and then reporting this information to the doctor. Once the patient’s disorder is known, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy4. Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physician’s orders.In recent years physicians, nurses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention5. Throughout most of medical history, the physician’s aim has been to cure a patient of an e xisting disease6. However, the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens — to keep people well through the promotion of health. A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization (WHO) on an international level down to local private and community health programs7. A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual patients toward the maintenance of total health —physical and mental.词汇:marked 显着的 syndrome 综合征,症候群symptom 症候,症状 therapy 疗法,治疗 sign 病体;体征注释:1.carry sth. on:继续;实行;维持下去2.make a diagnosis:做出诊断3....the results evaluated…:此句中在evaluated之前省略了与前面are performed相同的助动词are。
2020职称英语考试《卫生类》A级阅读判断练习题3
2020职称英语考试《卫生类》A级阅读判断练习题3 2020职称英语考试《卫生类》A级阅读判断练习题(3)SmokingSince 1939,numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard.The trend of the evidence has been consistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk.Research teams have conducted studiesthat show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy1.Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body.Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males.Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.Apart from statistics,it might be helpful to look at what smoking tobacco does to the human body.Smoke is a mixture of gases,vaporized chemicals,minute particles of ash and other solids.There is also nicotine,which is powerful poison,and black tar.As smoke is breathed in,all those components form deposits on the membranes of the lungs.One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides.Most lung cancer begins at this point.Filters and low tar tobacco2 are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer,but they can only slightly reduce,not eliminate the hazards.练习:1、It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned2、Smoking reduces one's life expectancy.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned3、Smoking may induce lung cancer.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned4、There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned5、Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned6、Nicotine is poisonous.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned7、Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safe;A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned答案与题解:1.B 该题说的是:判断抽烟对健康是否有危害是容易的。
2020年职称英语卫生A阅读判断练习题精选(1)
2020年职称英语卫生A阅读判断练习题精选(1)Toenail Fungus CureIt has been well documented that for centuries the olive leaf has offered a natural means to cure many ailments of the body.This can also be applied as a toenail funguscure.Oleuropein(橄榄苦甙),the name established for the agent in the olive leaf extract,is the reason why the olive leaf provides many positive attributes.Olive trees require this substance to ensure that the plant itself is quite robust so as to withstand any harsh weather situations or attacks from insects.The antimicrobial(抗菌剂)characteristic of olive leaf extract comes about when the oleuropein breaks down in the body into a certain acid.This acid interferes with a pathogen's(病原体的)ability to replicate.A beneficial byproduct of this response is that a jump start is given to the immune system,which begins tofight bacteria and infection on its own as well.Studies today show that toenail fungus is acommon,infectious condition that strikes many people.It typically occurs when the immune system is down and can be difficult to eliminate from your system oncecontracted.Scientifically is it referred to as onychomycosis (灰指甲)which accounts for a large proportion of nail disorders and can become rather unsightly and painful.Itfirst begins as a discoloration of sorts or a light colored spot under the tip of the toenail which then runs to spread until the entire nail itself is noticeably yellow and rough completely yellow,thick and rough.Fortunately,toenail fungus doesn't have to be accepted as a part of life.Various treatments are now available on the market to eliminate the fungus that causes this unpleasant condition.Applying the natural healing potential of oliveleaf oil has proven to be a safe and natural way rid of this difficult ailment.When purchasing olive leaf extract,it is important to purchase from a reputable company as the processing of the plant must be done carefully to ensure that the extract is potent and effective.When consuming olive leaf extract it is important tostart slowly to prevent what is known as Herxheimer reaction or"die-off."However,this outcome only happens when large doses are taken quickly.If the treatment begins slowly and is gradually increased,this response to detoxification is rarely seen at all.It is a preferable course of treatment to ingest a small amount of capsules on a daily basis to relieve toenail fungus.It is necessary to complete this therapy until the fungus is completely extinguished.Even as the fungus dies and the toenail starts to clear it is critical to persist with the course until the infected portion has grown out altogether.This toenail fungus cure should be accompanied by future preventions so that this will not occur again by keeping toenails clean and hygienic and to always keep them protected when visiting public areas where toenails are exposed.1.Olive trees require leuropein to survive any harsh weather situations or attacks from insectsA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:A解析:该题说的是:橄榄树需要橄榄苦甙是为了对抗艰苦的环境和虫害。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级真题及答案
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级真题及答案一、词汇选项1.The drinking water has became contaminated with lead.A. pollutedB. treatedC. testedD. corrupted2.Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.A. moralB. regularC. fundamentalD. hard3.The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.A. inflexibleB. generalC. complexD. direct4.She shed a few tears at her daughter’s wedding.A. wipedB. injectedC. producedD. removed5.They didn’t seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.A. existenceB. importanceC. causeD. Situation6.The contract between the two companies will expire soon.A. shortenB. endC. startD. resume7.The proposal was endorsed the majority of members.A. rejectedB. submittedC. consideredD. approved8.The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.A. nakedB. cautiousC. blindD. private9.Many experts remain skeptical about his claims.A. doubtfulB. untouchedC. certainD. silent10.Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.A. sendB. spreadC. hearD. confirm11.Three world-class tennis players came to content for this title.A. argueB. claimC. wishD. compete12.The tower remains intact ever after two hundred years.A. unknownB. unusualC. undamagedD. unstable13.The methods of communication used during the war were primitive.A. simpleB. reliableC. effectiveD. alternativee out, or I’ll bust the door down.A. shutB. setC. breakD. beat15.This species has nearly died out because its habitatis being destroyed.A. turned deadB. passed byC. carried awayD. become extinct参考答案:ACAAB BDBAB DCACD第2部分:阅读判断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)In Your FaceWhy is this man so angry? We don't know the reason, but we can see the emotion in his face. Whatever culture you come from, you can expressing.Forty years ago, psychologist Paul Ekman of theUniversity of California, San Francisco, became interested in how people's faces show their feelings. He took photographs of Americans expressing various emotions. Then he showed them to the Fore people, who live in the jungle in New Guinea. Most of the Fore had never seen foreign faces, but theyeasily understood Americans' expressions of anger, happiness, sadness, disgust, fear, and surprise.Then Ekman did the same experiment in reverse. He showed pictures of Fore faces to Americans, and the results were similar. Americans had no problems reading the emotions on the Fore people's faces. Ekman's research gave powerful support to the theory that facial expressions for basic emotions are the same everywhere. He did more research in Japan, Brazil, and Argentina, and got the same results.According to Ekman, these six emotions are universal because they are built into our brains. They developed to help us deal with things quickly that might hurt us. Some emotional triggers are universal as well. When something suddenly comes into sight, people feel fear, because it might be dangerous. But most emotional triggers are learned. For example, two people might smell newly cut grass. One person spent wonderful summers in the country as a child, so the smell makes him happy. The other person remembers working very hard on a farm and being hungry, so he feels sad.Once we make an emotional asssociation in our brain,it is diffficult,and sometiomes impossible,to change it.”Emotions is the least changeable part of the brain,”says Ekman.But we can learn to manage our emotions better. For instance, we can。
职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断练习题及答案
职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断练习题及答案Mother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes (龙卷风) and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous.George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel (漏斗状的) cloud was behind him. "1 stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared," Snyder said.Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees fell onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down.Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. "1 knew something was wrong," she said. '1 saw the sky go green and pink (粉红色). Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection."The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes.The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County. The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated (撤走). The Red Cross served meals to them."This was a really intense storm," said Snyder. "People were afraid. Mother Nature can be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed."1 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 George Snyder was a firefighter.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 Several people were missing during the storm.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned【参考答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题14
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题14Unintended Births on Rise in NigeriaA new study says unintended births are on the rise among young Nigerian women. What's more, early marriage and early motherhood remain common.The findings are reported by the US-based Guttmacher Institute and the Women's Health and Action Research Centerin Benin City. They say despite large improvements in young women's education between 1990 and 2003, there have not been major gains in sexual and reproductive health awareness.Akinrinola Bankole, director of international research at the Guttmacher Institute, is a co-author of the study. From New York, he describes the findings of the study as a mixed bag."It's encouraging in the sense that young people are becoming more educated than before. And also we see some increase in contraceptive(避孕) use, which means they are making an effort to protect themselves against unintended pregnancy and SDI, including HIV," he says.On the other hand, "They are not doing that as successfully as they should, given the fact that many of them are becoming pregnant and having children when they actually did not want to," he says.The study says, "Government policies to promote sexualand reproductive health information for young Nigerians exist on paper but have not been successfully implemented."Bankole says, "Secondly, we believe that there is a need for better sex education in schools in order to inform young people about how to adequately protect themselves."Lack of information has consequences. "If we do notcurb(抑制) the trend of increasing unintended births and pregnancy, then we might find a situation where young people drop out of school. We might find their life ambitions are being cut short." he says. "While it would require a major government investment of funds to prevent these problems, it would still be cheaper than dealing with them once they occur. "1.There are fewer and fewer unintended births among young Nigerian womenA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:B2.Early marriage and early motherhood are hardly seen in NigeriaA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:B3.Although young women have been educated a lot, theystill don’t have much sexual and reproductive health awarenessA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:A4.There is a satisfactory result of contraceptive use, and unintended pregnancy and births have been successfully controlledA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:B5.Nigerian Government is not making any effort in promoting sexual and reproductive health informationA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:B6.If unintended births and pregnancy keeps increasing, there will be a possibility that many young people have to quit school.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:A7.The government would have to spend more money in solving these problems after they burst than in preventing them beforehand.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned准确答案:A。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题20
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题20Stomach UlcerStomach ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people.Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears1. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomach2,the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach3. This pain often is called heartburn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. HPilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say thediscovery of a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa.Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.注释:1.small cuts or tears :小割伤或撕伤2.the tissue in the stomach:胃内组织3.feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach:感到心窝或胃部有烧灼痛感练习:1.In the past, doctors couldn’t do anything about stomach ulcers.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2.Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3.Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4.Doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers after many years of experiments.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5.There has been a change in docto rs’ understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6.Stomach ulcers can lead to stomach cancer.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7.People who eat a lot of spicy food are also susceptible to stomach ulcers.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned答案与题解:1.B文章一开头提到,过去,医生们虽然不能治愈胃溃疡,但却能够减轻胃溃疡造成的疼痛。
2020年职称英语综合类A级真题及答案
2020年职称英语综合类A级真题及答案第1部分:词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 It was unfortunate that she had erased the message.A heard ofB rubbed outC looked atD spoken out2 He came back home, weary and fatigued.A exhaustedB scaredC worriedD frightened3 The woman living next door is extremely slender.A slimB tallC weakD pale4 Your accusation is wholly without foundation.A almostB probablyC evidentlyD completely5 He was obsessed with American horror movies.A kept thinking aboutB took advantage ofC paid no attention toD cared nothing about6 I have to apologize for my abrupt departure yesterday.A lateB suddenC unfriendlyD untold7 I think she made a blunder by announcing it ahead of time.A decisionB mistakeC promiseD plan8 Some astronomers contend that the universe may be younger than previously believedA predictB thinkC suggestD argue9 My room is really very cosy.A coolB coldC cleanD comfortable10 She is a lovely and gracious woman.A curiousB courteousC quietD shy11 He never grumbled about working overtime.A complainedB talkedC wroteD spoke12 She hugged me like an old friend and invited me to dinner the next day.A heldB embracedC kissedD patted13 Different hypotheses have been put forward to explain why UFOs exist.A sentencesB commentsC theoriesD conclusions14 I must apologize for my outrageous behavior.A courageousB angryC greedyD glorious15 To start with, we need to decide who will preside over the meeting.A attendB celebrateC chairD prepare第2部分:阅读判断(第16~22题,每题l分,共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:如果该句提供的是准确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题1
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题1Stage FrightFall down as you come onstage. That’s an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,2 Mr. Feltsman said, “ All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”Today, music schools are addressing the problem of anxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms:icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, blank mind.3Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice, from basics like learning pieces inside out,4 to mental discipline, such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don’t deny that you’re jittery,they urge; some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience.Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategiesfor the moments before performance, “Take two deep abdominal breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,’’ she says. “And not one of these ‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the audience, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact withthem.” She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as a judge.Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the root of stage fright,says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve.When Lynn Harrell was 20,he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where Ithought,‘ If I have to go through this to play music, Ithink I’m going to look for another job.”5 Recovery, he said, involved developing humility-recognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible,and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster.6It is not only young artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The great tenor Franco Corelli is anot her example. “They had to push him on stage,” Soprano Renata Scotto recalled.Actually,success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have any expectations,” Soprano June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, when you’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to lose.”Anderson added,“I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”词汇:veteran 经验丰富的 jittery 紧张不安的mentor 指导者 soprano 女高音;女高音歌手cellist 大提琴演奏家 abdominal 腹部的fallible 易犯错误的 tenor 男高音注释:1.Stage Fright:舞台恐惧2.The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic…资深大提琴家Mstislav Rostropovich故意把Vladimir Feltsman绊倒,因而治愈了他的上台前的恐惧症。
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题19
2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题19Good or Bad?Saccharin(糖精) is the only truly man-made sweetener. It was discovered by accident 100 years ago in an experimentwith coal tar(煤焦油). In the experiment, a scientist got some substance (which later he knew was saccharin) on his finger. “Later, at dinner, h e put his finger into his mouth and noticed the sweet taste,” says Eric Walters, professorof biochemistry at the Chicago Medical School.Containing no calories, saccharin is not absorbed by the human body. It began to be disliked by people during the late 1970s and early 1980s when one set of studies showed that it caused cancer in laboratory animals. According to Walters, it is not fair to saccharin because the studies were not perfect.More recent testing with other animals with small amounts of saccharin has not repeated the same results. Even with these experimental results, saccharin labels are still required to carry a warning saying it has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals. In 1990, saccharin was allowed to be sold in the market again.Because it is hundreds of times sweeter than table sugar, only a small amount of saccharin is used at home, in restaurants or in the food-making industry.Another sweetener we commonly use is aspartame(甜味剂).It is not so sweet as saccharin, but much sweeter than tablesugar. Unlike saccharin, however, aspartame can be absorbed into the body. It contains 4 calories per gram, the same as table sugar. But aspartame is 180 times sweeter than sugar.Although aspartame is found in thousands of products, its safety, like saccharin, has still been uncertain. Nevertheless, people allow its use in all foods and drinks.“In my opinion, aspartame is as safe as sugar―but then there are those who think white sugar is dangerous,” says Walters. “Between asparta me and saccharin, I would pick aspartame. But at normal use levels, I think saccharin issafe too.”1. When talking about saccharin and aspartame, Eric Walters most probably thinks that aspartame is safer than saccharin.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned准确的答案是: A2. After doing many experiments, Walters finally found saccharin at dinner.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned准确的答案是: B3. Aspartame is sweeter than saccharin when in hot drinks.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned准确的答案是: C4. Because saccharin was reported to have caused cancerin lab animals, it got a bad name.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned准确的答案是: A5. Saccharin and aspartame are quite safe at normal use levels, but cause cancer in rats.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned准确的答案是: B6. Saccharin can be absorbed into the body but has no calories.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned准确的答案是: B7. White sugar is considered dangerous if taken in excess.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned准确的答案是: C。
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2020年职称英语考试卫生类A级阅读判断巩固练习题
11
Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10–percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College
of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.
“I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,” lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1 in Atlanta, said in a statement.
The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.
Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.
The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group.2 By contrast3, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.
Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10–year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk4, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a
related editorial.
Aggressive treatment measures and public health
strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add.
注释:
1.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:疾病防控中心
2.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group.实验对象年龄越大,在风险组中所占的比例也越大;男人进入该组的可能性亦大于女人。
3.by contrast:对比之下
4.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10–year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk...:即使报告提示绝大部分成年人十年内患心脏病的风险较低,但是在有风险者中,很大一部分所面临的风险却是极大的或是刻不容缓的……
练习:
1.The 10–year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2.Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10–year risk of heart disease.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3.More than 100 thousand people participated in the survey.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4.There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5.The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6.Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7.The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案与题解:
1.A文章第一段提到,美国80%以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于10%,而文章第六段进而表明该数字是低的。
2.B文章第四段提到,未来十年内,美国成年人患心脏病的风险高于10%的可分为两类,一类是10%至20%之间的占15%,另一类是20%以上的占3%。