英语语法 四种完成时态
英语完成时态的标志词
英语完成时态的标志词完成时态（Present Perfect Tense）是英语语法中的一个时态，用于描述已完成的动作或情况，通常与现在有关。
下面是一些常用的完成时态标志词：1. just - 刚刚例如：I have just finished my homework.（我刚刚完成了作业。
）2. already - 已经例如：He has already eaten breakfast.（他已经吃过早餐了。
）3. yet - 尚未例如：She hasn't finished her project yet.（她还没有完成她的项目。
）4. ever - 曾经例如：Have you ever been to China?（你曾经去过中国吗）5. never - 从未例如：I have never been to Europe before.（我以前从未去过欧洲。
）6. for - 自从例如：I have been studying English for 2 years.（我已经学英语学了2年了。
）7. since - 自从例如：He hasn't seen his family since last Christmas.（他自从去年圣诞节后就没见过家人了。
）8. recently - 最近例如：She has recently started a new job.（她最近开始了一份新工作。
）9. already - 已经例如：They have already booked their flight tickets.（他们已经订好了机票。
）10. yet - 还没有例如：We haven't received the parcel yet.（我们还没有收到包裹。
）以上是完成时态常用的标志词，它们能够帮助我们在使用完成时态时更加准确和自然。
英语语法四种完成时态
LESSON EIGHT四种完成时态主系表现在：You are rich.过去：You were rich.将来：You will be rich.过去将来：You would be rich.There be现在：There is a book on the desk .过去：There was a book on the desk.将来：There will be a book on the desk.过去将来：There would be a book on the desk.主谓宾状现在：You study English in the school.过去时：You studied English in the school.将来时: You will study English in the school.You are going to study English.You are to study English.are about to study Englishwould study English in the schoolYou were going to study English.You were to study English.You were about to study English.You are studying English.You were studying English.You will be studying English.You English.1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙;课堂答案1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他Do you know why your teacher’s father beat him yesterday 2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗Do you know how the pretty girl of your class becomes the best students3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗Do you know why the dog of his family bit you yesterday4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.Yesterday, my mother asked me where I was going to study English.5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗Do you know how many books there were in the library of your school yesterday6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗Do you know when his father died7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗Do you know why the mouse loves rice8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗Do you know how many books your teacher is going to write nest year9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗Do you know where your teacher is having lunch10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗Do you know what your father and mother were doing in the living room at half past 7 yesterday11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙;The doctor told me that he was helping in the hospital.而是对现在产生的结果和影响;否则用一般过去时态就够了;请看下面的对话;●A－We will send some one to America.我们要派一个人去美国;B－I have been there.我去过美国;= I was there and I know the country very well. Would you send me there 我去过那儿,很了解那个国家;能派我去吗C－I have not been there.我还没去过那儿呢;= I didn’t go to America. It is my turn.我没去过;这次该我了;上面对话的前提是大家都抢着去美国;所以B用现在完成时态是想说明自己有经验,派他去好;而C用现在完成时态是说自己没去过,轮也该轮到他了;两句都是强调对现在产生的影响;Did you have lunchHave you had lunchDid you study EnglishHave you studied EnglishLaochang diedLaochang has diedWho was hererWho has been hereHave you done your homework2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在;通常用于持续性较强的动词,例如：live, study, wait for, be等等,并且常常与since, for连用,since给出的是过去的一个时间点,如since 1958, 而for往往给出的是一个时间段,如for three years;●He has studied English for eight years.●Since1980, they have known each other.注：完成时态表示延续的用法不可跟非延续动词连用,如：die, go, leave, receive等;请看下面例句：╳His father has died for three years.●His father has been dead for three years.第一句是错的;“死”这个动作不可能延续;但一种状态却可以延续;第二句用主系表句型是对的;▲过去完成时态,将来完成时态和过去将来完成时态学习完成时态应注意,所有完成时态在“态”的概念上是一样的,现在完成时态、过去完成时态、将来完成时态、过去将来完成时态所不同的只是时间上的概念;所以我们只要掌握现在完成时态,然后在时间上向过去推便是过去完成时态,向将来推便是将来完成时态;3完成时态在主从句中的用法完成时态除上面讲到的两种基本用法之外,在主从句中通常可以用来表示主句与从句动作发生的先后次序;●Do you know he has finished his homework现在完成时态“has finished”表示发生在一般现在时态“know”之前;●I heard he had bought a new car.过去完成时态“had bought”表示发生在过去时态“heard”之前;现在完成时态“have had supper”强调吃过饭之后,即强调从句动作发生在主句之前;从上面几个例句可以看出,在主从句中现在完成时态往往表示发生在另一个现在时态的动作之前,而过去完成时态则表示发生在另一个过去时态的动作之前;请注意下面的例句：以上简单地介绍了在主从句中完成时态的用法;请同学们在做练习时多加注意;一、完成下列句子;1. He said 他从未去过西藏Tibet.2. 他从未给我写过信since he left Beijing.3. He said 他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera.4.I hope 雨会在明天中午前停下来.5. By the end of that year 他已集了一千多张中国邮票.6. I really don’t know他是否已经到了实验室laboratory.7. The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer在他经历了这样的事情之后.8. I could not remember whether 他已经付了字典钱.9. I’m afraid I 到时还没有找到正确的答案.10. Don’t worry. Before I get home I 就会把这件事全忘光的.二、完成下列句子;1．He said that he had never been to Tibet.他从未去过西藏Tibet.2．He hasn’t written to me他从未给我写过信since he left Beijing. 3．He said that he would have done with have used my camera by the end of next month.他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera.4．I hope that the rain will have stopped by tomorrow noon.雨会在明天中午前停下来.5．By the end of that year he had collected more than a thousand Chinese stamps.他已集了一千多张中国邮票.6．I really don’t know whether he has got to the laboratory or not.他是否已经到了实验室laboratory.7．The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer after he has experienced such a thing.在他经历了这样的事情之后. Has gonethrough8．I could not remember whether he had paid for the dictionary.他已经付了字典钱9．I’m afraid I won’t have got the correct answer by then.到时还没有找到正确的答案.10. Don’t worry. Before I get home I will have forgotten all about the matter.就会把这件事全忘光的.三、完成下列句子;1.He said 他从未去过西藏Tibet.2.他从未给我写过信since he left Beijing.3.He said 他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera.4.I hope 雨会在明天中午前停下来.5.By the end of that year 他已集了一千多张中国邮票.6.I really don’t know 他是否已经到了实验室laboratory.7.The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer 在他经历了这样的事情之后.8.I could not remember whether 他已经付了字典钱.9.I’m afraid I 到时还没有找到正确的答案.10.Don’t worry. Before I get home I 就会把这件事全忘光的.二、时态选择;该题全部取自于全国高考原卷1.—What do you want ______ those old boxes—To put things in when I move to the new flat.A. byB. forC. ofD. with2.—he start at once or wait for a while—Let him start at once.A．Will B．Would C．Does D．Shall3.I can’t tell you if it tomorrow.A．will rain B．rains C．shall rain D．does rain4.Did you watch the play on CCTV 1 last night It was really good.—No, I didn'—“Tea House”.A. What was itB. What's onC. What was it aboutD. How about it5.—Can you give me the right answer—Sorry, I _______．Would you repeat that questionA．hadn’ t listened B．haven’t listenedC．don’t listen D．wasn’t listening6.I promised to get there before 5 o’clock, but now the rain is pouring down．They_______ for me impatiently．A．may wait B．ought to waitC．could wait D．must be waiting7.—Haven't seen you for ages Do you still work in Fuzhou—'s two years since I worked there.A. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I doC. No, I haven'tD. No, I don't8.Goodbye, Peter, remember me to your parents.— ______.A. It's very kind of you to say soB. Thanks, I willC. You are so kindD. Thanks, what a good idea9.You are talking too much.—Only at home. No one ______ me but you.A. is hearingB. had heardC. hearsD. heard10.—We want someone to design the new art museum for us.—the young fellow have a tryA. MayB. ShallC. WillD. Need11.I wonder why Jenny ________us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn't writtenB. doesn't writeC. won't writeD. hadn't written12.I didn't like aunt Lucy, who _____without warning and presentingA. always turned upB. has always turned upC. was always turned upD. was always turning up13.—Has Tommy finished his homework yet—I have no idea; he it this morning.A. was doingB. had been doingC. has doneD. did14.The little girl ______ her heart out because she ______ her toy bear and believed shewasn’t ever going to find it.A. had cried; lostB. cried; had lostC. has cried; has lostD. cries; has lost15.—Hey, look where you are going—Oh, I’m terribly sorry_____________.A. I’m not noticingB. I wasn’t noticingC. I haven’t noticedD. I don’t notice16.—Do you know your town at all—No, this is the first time I _______ here.A. wasB. have beenC. cameD. am coming17.I’m sorry to keep you waiting.--Oh, not at all. I ___________ here only a few minutes.A. have beenB. had beenC. wasD. will be18.—__________ my glasses— Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you seeB. Had you seenC. Would you seeD. Have you seen19.You don’t need to describe her.I ______ her several times.A. had metB. have metC. metD. meet20.—Who is Jerry Cooper— ________ I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Don’t you meet him yetB. Hadn’t you met him yetC. Didn’t you meet him yetD. Haven’t you met him yet21.Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.A. has left; comeB. left; had comeC. had left; cameD. left; came22.How long ________ each other before they _____ married— For about a year.A. have they known; getB. did they know; were going to getC. do they know; are going to getD. had they known; got二、时态选择;该题全部取自于全国高考原卷1.—What do you want ______ those old boxes—To put things in when I move to the new flat.A. byB. forC. ofD. withdo sth with sth or want sth with sth 意思是用什么东西或要什么东西做什么; 2.—______ he start at once or wait for a while—Let him start at once.A．Will B．Would C．Does D．Shall．Shall shall表示征求对方意见;3.I can’t tell you if it tomorrow.A．will rain B．rains C．shall rain D．does rain．will rain 表示将来发生的事;4.Did you watch the play on CCTV 1 last night It was really good.—No, I didn'—“Tea House”.A. What was itB. What's onC. What was it aboutD. How about it. What's on 意思是演的是什么;5.—Can you give me the right answer—Sorry, I _______．Would you repeat that questionA．hadn’ t listened B．haven’t listenedC．don’t listen D．wasn’t listening．wasn’t listening 表示刚才一瞬间,所以要用过去进行时;6.I promised to get there before 5 o’clock, but now the rain is pouring down．They_______ for me impatiently．A．may wait B．ought to waitC．could wait D．must be waiting．must be waiting must be or must do都可以表示对目前的推测;该话应译成：想必他们等我等的不耐烦了;Must be must be doingMust have been Must have done7.—Haven't seen you for ages Do you still work in Fuzhou—'s two years since I worked there.A. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I doC. No, I haven'tD. No, I don't7. D. No , I don't It's two years since I worked there. 此句应译成我已经有两年没在那里工作了;8.Goodbye, Peter, remember me to your parents.— ______.A. It's very kind of you to say soB. Thanks, I willC. You are so kindD. Thanks, what a good idea. Thanks, I will;在答应别人时应该用will表示坚决;9.You are talking too much.—Only at home. No one ______ me but you.A. is hearingB. had heardC. hearsD. heard9. C. hears 表示事实用一般时;10.—We want someone to design the new art museum for us.—the young fellow have a tryA. MayB. ShallC. WillD. Need. Shall shall表示征求对方的意见;have a try 试一试, have a look 看一看;11.I wonder why Jenny ________us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasn't writtenB. doesn't writeC. won't writeD. hadn't written. hash' t written 因为recently表示过去延续到现在,应用过去完成时;12.I didn't like aunt Lucy, who _____without warning and presentingA. always turned upB. has always turned upC. was always turned upD. was always turning up. was always turning up,--- be always doing表示不满; 例如My wife is always watching TV. 我的妻子总是看电视; Turn up 意思是出现; 该句应译成：我不喜欢我的婶子路西总不打招呼也不带礼物就突然出现;13.—Has Tommy finished his homework yet—I have no idea; he it this morning.A. was doingB. had been doingC. has doneD. did. was doing this morning表示一个很短的过去时间,用过去进行时;14.The little girl ______ her heart out because she ______ her toy bear and believed shewasn’t ever going to find it.A. had cried; lostB. cried; had lostC. has cried; has lostD. cries; has lost. cried; had lost, cry one’s heart out 哭得很伤心;在主从句中过去完成时表示动作发生在一般过去时之前,现在完成时是指动作发生在一般现在时之前;强调主从句的时间差;15.—Hey, look where you are going—Oh, I’m terribly sorry_____________.A. I’m not noticingB. I wasn’t noticingC. I haven’t noticedD. I don’t notice15. B 表示过的动作短暂用过去进行时;16.—Do you know your town at all—No, this is the first time I _______ here.A. wasB. have beenC. cameD. am coming16. B 从过到现在的经历用现在完成时;17.I’m sorry to keep you waiting.--Oh, not at all. I ___________ here only a few minutes.A. have beenB. had beenC. wasD. will be过去的状态持续到现在用现在完成时;18.—__________ my glasses— Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you seeB. Had you seenC. Would you seeD. Have you seen18. D过去的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时19.You don’t need to describe her.I ______ her several times.A. had metB. have metC. metD. meet从过到现在的经历用现在完成时;20.—Who is Jerry Cooper— ________ I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Don’t you meet him yetB. Hadn’t you met him yetC. Didn’t you meet him yetD. Haven’t you met him yet20. D 过去的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时;21.Helen ______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _____ home.A. has left; comeB. left; had comeC. had left; cameD. left; came动作发生在过去的过去,强调时间差用过去完成时;22.How long ________ each other before they _____ married— For about a year.A. have they known; getB. did they know; were going to getC. do they know; are going to getD. had they known; got动作发生在过去的过去,强调时间差用过去完成时;。
过去完成时现在完成时将来完成时课件 高三英语语法
2. 过去完成时的用法：总的来说，过去完成时表示“过去的过去” ① 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 The film had been on for 5minutes when I arrived at the cinema. I had finished my homework before I began to watch TV. ② 表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。 Mr. Li had taught English for 8 years in China before he came to America.
10
单项选择
1. --Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?
--I will. I __B___ her several times.
A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet
2. How long have you __D_____ here?
7
③ 用于一些固定句型，如hardly...when..., no sooner...than..., it was the first time that... Hardly had he seen me when he ran away. I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. It was the first time this year that he hadn’t worked on a Saturday.
英语各种时态的构成
英语各种时态的构成英语时态是英语语法中的重要部分，它表示动作发生的时间和状态。
以下是各种时态的构成：1. 一般现在时态：表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
基本形式为动词原形，第三人称单数时在动词后面加-s/-es。
例如：I read books every day.2. 现在进行时态：表示正在进行的动作。
基本形式为be动词+动词ing形式。
例如：He is reading a book now.3. 现在完成时态：表示已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
基本形式为have/has+过去分词。
例如：I have read the book already.4. 现在完成进行时态：表示刚刚完成的动作。
基本形式为have/has been+动词ing形式。
例如：He has been working hard all day.5. 一般过去时态：表示过去的动作或存在的状态。
基本形式为动词过去式。
例如：She read a book yesterday.6. 过去进行时态：表示过去正在进行的动作。
基本形式为was/were+动词ing形式。
例如：They were playing basketball at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon.7. 过去完成时态：表示过去的某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
基本形式为had+过去分词。
例如：They had finished their homework before dinner.8. 过去完成进行时态：表示过去的某个时间之前一直在进行的动作。
基本形式为had been+动词ing形式。
例如：He had been waiting for the bus for hours when I arrived.。
动词的完成时态
动词的完成时态动词的时态是语法中的重要概念之一，它用来表示动作发生的时间。
而动词的完成时态则是其中的一种形式，它用于表达已经完成的动作或状态。
在英语中，完成时态通过助动词“have”加上动词过去分词的形式来构成。
本文将详细介绍动词的完成时态的用法和示例，以帮助读者更好地掌握和使用。
一、完成时态的构成完成时态由助动词“have”和动词的过去分词构成。
下面是完成时态的各种变化形式：1. 一般完成时态：主语 + have/has + 过去分词2. 进行完成时态：主语 + have/has + been + 过去分词3. 完成完成时态：主语 + have/has + been + being + 过去分词二、完成时态的用法1. 表示过去的动作或状态延续到现在：例句：I have lived in this city for five years.（我在这个城市住了五年了。
）2. 表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作：例句：She had finished her homework before dinner.（她在晚饭前完成了她的作业。
）3. 表示过去某个动作发生后的结果或影响：例句：I have read that book, so I can tell you about it.（我已经读过那本书了，所以我可以告诉你相关情况。
）4. 与时间状语连用，表示动作或状态的持续与结束：例句：They have been waiting for the bus since morning.（他们从早上开始就在等车。
）5. 强调完成的结果或经历：例句：She has visited many countries in her life.（她一生中去过很多国家。
）三、注意事项1. 完成时态常与表示时间的状语词连用，如for, since, before, after 等。
2. 动词的过去分词形式需要根据不同的动词进行相应的变化，例如：go - gone, eat - eaten。
高中英语语法- 动词时态-- 完成时
高中英语语法: 动词时态－－完成时完成时完成时是用来表示动作的完成与未完成的情况。
完成时包括现在完成时、过去完成时和将来完成时。
A．现在完成时．现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成形式是“have / has +过去分词”。
现在完成时常被称为“与现在有联系的过去”，因此它不能与明确的过去时间状语连用。
as bwindow.有人把窗户打破了。
I haven'ulately.我最近不常见到她。
How long have they been married?他们结婚多长时间了？．现在完成时的用法①表示结果的现在完成时现在完成时着眼于过去的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。
这是现在完成时的“已完成”用法，表示动作或过程发生在说话之前就已完成，并与现在有联系。
这种联系实际上就是“过去的动作”对现在的影响或产生的结果。
I have bought a我买了一支笔。
（结果：I have apen now.）Tature has increased by 10℃.温度上升了10摄氏度。
（结果：It is quw.）Air pollution has talives of many people.空气污染已经夺去了很多人的生命。
（结果：Air polluvus now.）注意：现在完成时的上下文所指的时态必须呼应。
【误】I have bought a pen but I have lw.（have bought表示你现在已经有笔了，这和后面的have lost 有矛盾）【正】I bought a pen but I have lw.我（过去）买了一支笔，但我已经把它丢了。
【误】I have lbut I have found it now.（have lost 强调你现在已经没有笔了，与后面have found的意思有冲突）【正】I lbut I have found it now我丢了一支笔，但现在已经找到了。
②表示经历的现在完成时强调过去某一时刻到说话时这段时间中的经历。
英语语法完成时篇
完成时篇（一）——现在完成时[提问] 请问在句子“Working in London has been the best decision I have made so far. （Experiencing English Integrated Book1 Page71）”中，为什么时间状语是完成时的情况下，主句仍然可以使用现在完成时呢？答：完成时态通常表示已完成或已经开始从事的动作，它可以分为现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时以及完成进行时。
根据定义我们可以了解到，除了表示到现在为止动作已经完成或已经开始以外，还有多种情况可以用现在完成时来表达。
一、动作从过去某个时间开始发生，延续到现在，并且说话前已经完成。
例如：The mission has been carried out well.任务已经很好地完成了。
Those girls have eaten two big cakes.女孩们已经吃了两个蛋糕了。
二、某个动作或状态发生在过去，持续并影响现在，有可能会继续保持下去。
例如：My brother has been abroad for several years.我哥哥已经出国好几年了。
It has rained all morning.雨下了一个早晨。
Up to now, parents have accepted the pop music youths prefer to.现在，家长们已经接受了年轻人喜欢的流行音乐。
I have known him since the summer in 2001.自2001年的那个夏天，我就认识他了。
三、动作发生在现在之前的某个时间，可能是多次动作的集合，也表示习惯性的动作或状态。
例如：Xiao Qin has come over here three times in the daytime.白天小覃已经来过三次了。
Which countries have you traveled recently?最近你都去过那些国家？How many papers have you read today? 你今天看了几篇论文？四、动作过去曾发生过一次或多次，也可能是一种经历。
高三英语完成时态知识点
高三英语完成时态知识点完成时态是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它用于描述已经发生的动作、事件或状态，并与现在或过去的时间有关。
在高三英语学习中，掌握完成时态的用法和构成方法对于提高语言运用能力至关重要。
本文将详细介绍高三英语中完成时态的知识点，帮助读者更好地理解和运用。
一、完成时态的基本构成完成时态是由助动词“have”和动词的过去分词构成的，不同的人称和数需要使用不同的助动词形式，如下：1. 一般现在完成时：主语 + have/has + 过去分词例如：- I have finished my homework.（我已经完成了作业。
）- She has traveled to many countries.（她已经去过很多国家。
）2. 一般过去完成时：主语 + had + 过去分词例如：- They had already left when I arrived.（当我到达时，他们已经离开了。
）- He had never seen such a beautiful sunset before.（他以前从未见过如此美丽的日落。
）3. 一般将来完成时：主语 + will have + 过去分词例如：- By this time next year, I will have graduated from university.（到明年的这个时候，我将已经从大学毕业。
）- They will have finished the project before the deadline.（他们会在截止日期之前完成这个项目。
）二、完成时态的用法1. 表示过去发生的动作或事件对现在产生的影响或结果：例如：- I have lost my keys. Now I can't get into the house.（我把钥匙丢了，现在我无法进屋。
）- They have lived in Japan for five years. That's why they can speak Japanese fluently.（他们在日本生活了五年，这就是他们能够流利地讲日语的原因。
英语语法之16种英语时态
英语语法之16种英语时态有人觉得英语很难，其实不然。
学习英语最重要的就是要掌握英语的语法和句型。
今天小编在这给大家整理了英语语法之16种英语时态，接下来随着小编一起来看看吧!英语语法之16种英语时态一般完成进行完成进行现在现在一般时do现在完成时have done现在进行时is doing现在完成进行时have been doing过去过去一般时did过去完成时had done过去进行时was doing过去完成进行时had been doing将来将来一般时will do将来完成时will have done将来进行时will be doing将来完成进行时will have been doing过去将来过去将来一般时would do过去将来完成时would have done过去将来进行时would be doing过去将来完成进行时would have been doing英语语法之16种英语时态讲解1. 一般现在时 (do/does; is/am/are)①表示现在的情况、状态和特征。
例：He is a student.他是一个学生。
② 表示经常性、习惯性动作。
例：He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。
③ 客观事实和普遍真理。
例：The earth moves the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
④ 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。
(常用于列车、客车、飞机或轮船时刻表)例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. 下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。
⑤ 主将从现：在时间、条件和让步状语从句中经常用一般现在表示将的来事情。
例：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们会待在家里。
④现在进行时与频度副词连用，表示说话者或褒义或贬义的感情色彩。
例： He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。
英语语法-完成时
完成时现在完成时(一)：开始于过去的动作一直持续到现在，有可能继续持续。
谓语动词为延续性动词 I have lived here for 3 years. 我仍然住在这里，而且还可能继续住下去。
如果在搬家时说这句话，则live这件事只持续到目前为止。
The teacher has taught in this school since I came here.I’ve worked in this company since I left school.since表明了动作开始的时间点。
有上下问明确告知，动作只持续到说话的时刻为止。
a. A: Have you waited long?B: I’ve waited for three hours.b. I’ve waited for him all day; I don’t want to wait any longer.特点：1. 谓语动词为延续性动词2. 动作的发生时间是过去，持续到现在，还可能继续持续下去。
3. 常常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，是说明某个状态持续了多久。
与现在完成时搭配的时间状语1. since + 时间点a. I’ve worked in thiss company since 1980b. I’ve worked in this company since I left school. (从句中一般过去时)2. for + 时间段a. I’ve worked in this company for three years.b. Great changes have taken place in Beijing for the past few years.3. 到目前为止：until now, up until now, up to now, up till now, so far.a. We have up until now failed to take any action to decide on a common language that would further communication between nations.4. 在最近几世纪/年/月以来：in the past few years, over the past few years, during the last three months, for the last few centuries, through centuries, throughout history.a. Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, for the very nature of life includes death.b. Through centuries the bizarre anticss of sleepwalkers have puzzled police, perplexed scientists anad fascinated writers.现在完成时(二)：过去发生但与现在仍有联系的动作或状态a. He has broken his leg. 他现在还在医院，所以不能和同学一起郊游。
完成时态的语法规则
完成时态的语法规则完成时态是英语中常用的一种时态，用于表示过去发生且对现在或者过去某一点有影响的动作或状态。
本文将介绍完成时态的用法、构成以及常见的时间状语词。
一、完成时态的用法完成时态主要用于以下几个情况：1. 表示过去的动作或状态，对现在产生了影响。
2. 表示过去某一时刻之前完成的动作。
3. 表示过去已经完成的经验或习惯。
二、完成时态的构成完成时态由"have/has + 过去分词"构成。
主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他成分。
例如：1. I have studied English for five years.（我已经学习英文五年了。
）2. He has finished his homework.（他已经完成作业了。
）三、完成时态的常见时间状语词完成时态常与以下时间状语词连用，用以表示动作的发生时间或状态的持续时间。
1. already（已经）2. just（刚刚）3. yet（还）4. ever（曾经）5. never（从未）6. for（表示时间段）7. since（自从）8. recently（最近）9. lately（近来）10. so far（到目前为止）例如：1. I have already eaten lunch.（我已经吃过午饭了。
）2. They have never been to Japan.（他们从未去过日本。
）3. She has recently graduated from university.（她最近从大学毕业了。
）完成时态在表达过去经历或者事实的过程中非常常用，但也需要根据具体语境来选择使用。
同时，记住完成时态的用法和构成对于正确地运用英语语法和进行交流至关重要。
以上就是完成时态的语法规则及用法介绍，希望能对你有所帮助。
在写作和口语中灵活运用完成时态，将使你的表达更加准确和流畅。
完成时态的区别
完成时态的区别时态是英语语法中非常重要的一部分，它用来表示动作或状态发生的时间。
其中，完成时态是表达过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果的一种时态。
在英语中，完成时态主要分为过去完成时、现在完成时和将来完成时。
本文将详细介绍这三种完成时态的区别。
一、过去完成时（Past Perfect）过去完成时用来表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生的动作或状态。
主要由助动词“had”加上动词的过去分词构成。
该时态常用于复合句中，与过去时连用，可以强调两个过去动作的先后关系。
例如：1. I had finished my homework before dinner.（我在晚饭之前已经完成了作业。
）2. They had already left when I arrived.（当我到达时，他们已经离开了。
）二、现在完成时（Present Perfect）现在完成时用来表达过去发生的动作或状态与现在的关系。
主要由助动词“has”（第三人称单数）/“have”（其他人称）加上动词的过去分词构成。
该时态常常与现在时连用，表示过去的动作对现在产生的影响或结果。
例如：1. I have known her for five years.（我认识她已经有五年了。
）2. We have just finished the project.（我们刚刚完成了这个项目。
）现在完成时还可以表示过去到现在为止已经发生的重复或持续的动作。
例如：1. He has visited Japan three times.（他已经去过日本三次。
）2. She has been to London many times.（她去过伦敦很多次。
）三、将来完成时（Future Perfect）将来完成时用来表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作或状态。
主要由助动词“will have”加上动词的过去分词构成。
该时态常常与将来时连用，表示将来某一时间之前的动作或状态。
(完整版)英语完成时态语法讲解专题
过去完成时态（一）定义：①表示发生在过去的动作对过去晚些时候造成的影响或结果②过去某一动作一直持续到过去晚些时候将来可能还要延续。
发生在前的那个动作【过去的过去】（二）基本结构：主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done)①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词.②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词.③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词?肯定回答：Yes,主语+had.否定回答：No,主语+had not .④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？⑤被动语态：主语+had（hadn't)+been+过去分词（三）用法：（1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。
即“过去的过去”。
可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。
例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship.到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。
（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。
例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
（3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。
例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了。
四大时态英语
四大时态英语，你掌握了吗？
英语时态是英语语法中最基本的内容之一，它指的是动词所表达的动作、状态或事实在时间上的属性或状态。
英语语法共有四大时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时和现在完成时。
学好这四大时态可以让我们更好地掌握英语语法，下面分别介绍这四种时态：
一、一般现在时
一般现在时是一种表示现在情况或经常性事件的时态，主语为第三人称单数时，动词要加上-s或-es。
例如：He often goes to school by bus.
二、一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去某一具体时间发生过的动作或状态。
动词要过去式。
例如：Yesterday,I went to the cinema.
三、将来时
将来时表示将来要发生动作或者存在的情况，其形式为be going to do sth或will do sth。
例如：I am going to travel to Paris next month.
四、现在完成时
现在完成时用于表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，其动词形式为have/has done。
例如：I have finished my homework.
总结：
以上简单介绍了四大时态，这四个时态各有其规则，要根据不同语境选择适当时态，才能讲清要表达的意思。
同时，多做练习、多听多说多读多写，才能更好地掌握这些时态。
英语四大时态变化规则
英语四大时态变化规则英语语法中有四种主要的时态，它们包括：一般现在时（Simple Present）、一般过去时（Simple Past）、一般将来时（Simple Future）、和现在完成时（Present Perfect）。
下面是每种时态的变化规则：1. 一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）：-陈述句：主语+ 动词原形（第三人称单数主语需要在动词后面加-s）。
例子：He works in an office.-否定句：主语+ 助动词"do" / "does" + not + 动词原形。
例子：They do not like coffee.-疑问句：助动词"do" / "does" + 主语+ 动词原形。
例子：Do you play the guitar?2. 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）：-陈述句：主语+ 动词过去式形式。
例子：She visited Paris last year.-否定句：主语+ 助动词"did" + not + 动词原形。
例子：I did not finish my homework.-疑问句：助动词"did" + 主语+ 动词原形。
例子：Did they arrive on time?3. 一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）：-陈述句：主语+ 将来时标志词"will" + 动词原形。
例子：I will go to the store tomorrow.-否定句：主语+ 将来时标志词"will" + not + 动词原形。
例子：She will not attend the meeting.-疑问句：将来时标志词"will" + 主语+ 动词原形。
英语12种时态的语法公式
下面是英语中12种常用时态的语法公式：
1.现在简单时（Present Simple）:
主语 + 动词原形（第三人称单数在动词后面加-s/-es）
2.过去简单时（Past Simple）:
主语 + 动词过去式
3.将来简单时（Future Simple）:
主语 + will + 动词原形
4.现在进行时（Present Continuous）:
主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing
5.过去进行时（Past Continuous）:
主语 + was/were + 动词-ing
6.将来进行时（Future Continuous）:
主语 + will be + 动词-ing
7.现在完成时（Present Perfect）:
主语 + have/has + 过去分词
8.过去完成时（Past Perfect）:
主语 + had + 过去分词
9.将来完成时（Future Perfect）:
主语 + will have + 过去分词
10.现在完成进行时（Present Perfect Continuous）:
主语 + have/has been + 动词-ing
11.过去完成进行时（Past Perfect Continuous）:
主语 + had been + 动词-ing
12.将来完成进行时（Future Perfect Continuous）:
主语 + will have been + 动词-ing
这些语法公式可以帮助你构造各种不同的时态句子。
需要注意的是，英语中的时态使用还涉及时态的用法和特定句子结构的变化，因此需要进一步学习和练习以正确运用这些时态。
英语语法大攻克--现在完成时态和过去完成时态
现在完成时态和过去完成时态一．现在完成时态：1．定义：表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
2．构成：助动词Have (has) +动词的过去分词注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。
如：He has come here for ten years. (他来这里已经有十年了。
)He hasn’t come here for ten years. (他来这里没有十年。
)Has he come here for ten years? (他来这里已经有十年了吗？)Yes, he has. （是的, 有十年了。
）No, he hasn’t.（不，没有十年。
）3．可与现在完成时态连用的词语1）可与宾语从句连用，后接的宾语从句可以用任何时态。
如：Have you known how big the box is? 你知道这个盒子有多大吗？2）与时间状语连用。
它可以和包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用，如：today (今天), this week（这个星期）, now（现在）,this year（今年）, often (经常)，sometimes（有时候）。
如：Have you seen him today? 你今天见过他吗？He has lived here for five years now. 到现在他已经在这里住了五年了。
3）与since（自…以来）, for（经历）, before (在…前), after（在…后）等引导的短语或从句连用。
Since 后面跟具体的时间，或者后面跟一个从句。
如：He has lived here since 1970.（自从1970年以来他就住在这里。
）He has lived here since he came here.（自从他来这里以来就住在这里。
）For后面接表示一段时间的短语。
They have been here for two years.（他们在这里两年了）。
英语语法——时态
时态英语各种时态构成表1、一般现在时：She always takes a walk in the evening. 她常在晚间散步。
U.S. President holds talks with British Prime Minister. 美国总统同英国首相举行会谈。
2、现在进行时：She is learning English at college. 她目前在大学里学习英语。
The kettle is boiling. Shall I make tea?3、现在完成时：I haven’t finished reading the book yet, so I can’t return it to the library. 我还没有把书读完，因此不能把它还给图书馆。
He has worked here for over twenty years. 他在这里工作已有20多年了。
4、现在完成进行时：I’ve been waiting for an hour but she still hasn’t come. 我已等了一个小时，但她还没有来。
Jim has been seeing about a driving license for you. 吉姆一直在想办法给你弄一张驾驶执照。
5、一般过去时：The Foreign guests visited Nanjing last spring. 这些外国客人去年春天访问过南京。
Wherever he travelled in those years, he wrote down what he saw and heard.6、过去进行时：He was playing table tennis at five yesterday afternoon.We were talking about your book this morning. The book is excellent.7、过去完成时：They had got everything ready before I came. 在我来到之前，他们已经把一切准备好了。
英语语法：现在完成时和过去完成时概述
现在完成时 定义现在完成时⽤来表⽰之前已发⽣或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。
动作或状态发⽣在过去 但它的影响现在还存在;也可表⽰持续到现在的动作或状态。
其构成： have (has) +过去分词。
⽤法： 1) 现在完成时所表⽰的动作在说话之前已完成，但对现在有影响，句中没有具体的时间状语。
此时多于never， ever，just，before，already，yet等连⽤。
2) 现在完成时所表⽰的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会继续持续下去。
常与for，since等⼀段时间状语连⽤。
注意：表⽰暂短动作的词(如come，go，borrow，lend，die，bur，marry等)的完成时不能与for，since等表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤。
例如：How long may I keep the book?这本书我可以借多久? Two weeks Borrow和lend 都是暂短性动词，当表⽰借多久时，⽤动词keep 常见的短暂性动词转换成延续性动词 leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open sth --- keep sth open, fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, come here --- be here, go there --- be there, become --- be, come back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away from, get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out， put on→ wear;catch a cold →have a cold等。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
LESSON EIGHT四种完成时态主系表现在：You are rich.过去：You were rich.将来：You will be rich.过去将来：You would be rich.There be现在：There is a book on the desk .过去：There was a book on the desk.将来：There will be a book on the desk.过去将来：There would be a book on the desk.主谓宾状现在：You study English in the school.过去时：You studied English in the school.将来时: You will study English in the school.You are going to study English.You are to study English.are about to study Englishwould study English in the schoolYou were going to study English.You were to study English.You were about to study English.You are studying English.You were studying English.You will be studying English.You English.1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他？2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗？3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗？4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗？6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗？7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗？8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗？9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗?10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗？11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙。
课堂答案1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他？Do you know why your teacher’s father beat him yesterday?2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗？Do you know how the pretty girl of your class becomes the best students?3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗？Do you know why the dog of his family bit you yesterday?4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.Yesterday, my mother asked me where I was going to study English.5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗？Do you know how many books there were in the library of your school yesterday?6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗？Do you know when his father died?7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗？Do you know why the mouse loves rice?8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗？Do you know how many books your teacher is going to write nest year? 9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗?Do you know where your teacher is having lunch?10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗？Do you know what your father and mother were doing in the living room at half past 7 yesterday?11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙。
The doctor told me that he was helping in the hospital.作，而是对现在产生的结果和影响。
否则用一般过去时态就够了。
请看下面的对话。
●A－We will send some one to America.我们要派一个人去美国。
B－I have been there.我去过美国。
= I was there and I know the country very well. Would you send me there?我去过那儿，很了解那个国家。
能派我去吗？C－I have not been there.我还没去过那儿呢。
= I didn’t go to America. It is my turn.我没去过。
这次该我了。
上面对话的前提是大家都抢着去美国。
所以B用现在完成时态是想说明自己有经验，派他去好。
而C用现在完成时态是说自己没去过，轮也该轮到他了。
两句都是强调对现在产生的影响。
Did you have lunch?Have you had lunch?Did you study English?Have you studied English?Laochang died?Laochang has died?Who was herer?Who has been here?Have you done your homework2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。
通常用于持续性较强的动词，例如：live, study, wait for, be等等，并且常常与since, for连用，since给出的是过去的一个时间点，如since 1958, 而for往往给出的是一个时间段，如for three years。
●He has studied English for eight years.●Since1980, they have known each other.注：完成时态表示延续的用法不可跟非延续动词连用，如：die, go, leave, receive等。
请看下面例句：╳His father has died for three years.●His father has been dead for three years.第一句是错的。
“死”这个动作不可能延续。
但一种状态却可以延续。
第二句用主系表句型是对的。
▲过去完成时态，将来完成时态和过去将来完成时态学习完成时态应注意，所有完成时态在“态”的概念上是一样的，现在完成时态、过去完成时态、将来完成时态、过去将来完成时态所不同的只是时间上的概念。
所以我们只要掌握现在完成时态，然后在时间上向过去推便是过去完成时态，向将来推便是将来完成时态。
3完成时态在主从句中的用法完成时态除上面讲到的两种基本用法之外，在主从句中通常可以用来表示主句与从句动作发生的先后次序。
●Do you know he has finished his homework?现在完成时态“has finished”表示发生在一般现在时态“know”之前。
●I heard he had bought a new car.过去完成时态“had bought”表示发生在过去时态“heard”之前。
现在完成时态“have had supper”强调吃过饭之后，即强调从句动作发生在主句之前。
从上面几个例句可以看出，在主从句中现在完成时态往往表示发生在另一个现在时态的动作之前，而过去完成时态则表示发生在另一个过去时态的动作之前。
请注意下面的例句：以上简单地介绍了在主从句中完成时态的用法。
请同学们在做练习时多加注意。
一、完成下列句子。
1. He said （他从未去过西藏Tibet）.2. （他从未给我写过信）since he left Beijing.3. He said （他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera）.4.I hope （雨会在明天中午前停下来）.5. By the end of that year （他已集了一千多张中国邮票）.6. I really don’t know（他是否已经到了实验室laboratory）.7. The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer（在他经历了这样的事情之后）.8. I could not remember whether （他已经付了字典钱）.9. I’m afraid I （到时还没有找到正确的答案）.10. Don’t worry. Before I get home I （就会把这件事全忘光的）.二、完成下列句子。
1．He said that he had never been to Tibet.（他从未去过西藏Tibet）.2．He hasn’t written to me（他从未给我写过信）since he left Beijing. 3．He said that he would have done with (have used) my camera by the end of next month.（他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera）.4．I hope that the rain will have stopped by tomorrow noon.（雨会在明天中午前停下来）.5．By the end of that year he had collected more than a thousand Chinese stamps.（他已集了一千多张中国邮票）.6．I really don’t know whether he has got to the laboratory or not.他是否已经到了实验室laboratory）.7．The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer after he has experienced such a thing.（在他经历了这样的事情之后）. Has gonethrough8．I could not remember whether he had paid for the dictionary.（他已经付了字典钱）9．I’m afraid I won’t have got the correct answer by then.（到时还没有找到正确的答案）.10. Don’t worry. Before I get home I will have forgotten all about the matter.（就会把这件事全忘光的）.三、完成下列句子。