选修6第三单元语法it的用法

常见的it做形式宾语构成的句型：
①Sb. think/find/consider it important (necessary/helpful…) for sb. to do sth. I think it useful for me to read English aloud every morning. ②make it clear that…弄清楚；使明白 He made it clear that we must obey the rules. ③take it for granted that… 认为…是理所当然的 Many children take it for granted that they should ask their parents for money. ④make it a rule that…使…为习惯 He makes it a rule that he gets up before dawn.
（2）It is/was+adj.+of sb. to do sth. of前的形容词通常为描述人的形容词：如kind, clever, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, foolish, wise等 It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
该句型中，that后的从句有时用虚拟语气(should + 动 词原形) should可省去,表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。 没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。例如： It is no wonder that… 难怪… It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！
第四类： It+ 不及物动词(happens/appears /seems…) +that从句
D 1.______worries me that he keeps changing his mind. (2007..山东) A. This B.That C.What D. It C 2. _________excited us Chinese greatly that Liu Xiang broke the world record of the 110--meter hurdle race. A.What B.That C. It D. As
一、 it用作代词
S1. What is this? It is a cellphone. S2. What is that? It is his dictionary. S3. Whose book is this? It is Mr Cheng’s. S4. Where is your English book? It is here. S5. My cat is missing, I can’t find it anywhere. S6. What a beautiful baby? Is it a boy? Draw a conclusion: 1. It---词性? ______ pron. 可以用作人称代词，代指 前文提到的事物. 还可以替代指示代词_____ _______________ this 或 指代性别不详的人或者是幼儿 ______ that 或__________________________
3. it作形式主语,从句做真正主语
第一类：It is+形容词+that从句 It is clear (obvious,true,possible,certain …) that ...
It is obvious that he has known the truth.
第二类：It is+V-ed+that…
⑤在动词like, love, enjoy, prefer, hate, appreciate 后接if/when/that从句时一般用it做形式宾语 结构为：Sb. like/love/enjoy/prefer/hate/ appreciate it if/when/that… ⑥在短语answer for负责, depend on依赖, insist on坚持, see to负责，照顾 后接从句时一般用it 做形式宾语 结构为：depend on/insist on/see to it that…
A.this B.one C.its D.it
在一些固定用法中考查
常见的固定用法有: make it 成功，安排在或定在某时间 forget it 别提了，忘了它吧 Don’t mention it 别提了，表示不用谢 It doesn’t matter 没关系 It (That) depends 视情况而定 You guessed it 你猜着了 It’s hard to say 很难说 It’s up to you to do sth.由你来决定做某事 If I can help it 如果我有办法的话 When it comes to…当谈到…时
learning about grammar
The use of “it”
Discovering “It”
1. It rains heavily.
天气 2. It is 20 kilometers from Granddad's house to James’. 距离 3. It is November 11, 2005. 日期 4. It is 9 o’clock at night. 时间 5.It'll be lovely in the garden tonight． 环境 6. It is bad to smoke. 形式主语 7.I find it difficult to learn English well. 形式宾语 8. What is thist/that? It is a cellphone.替代指示代词 this/that 9. What a beautiful baby? Is it a boy? 不明性别的成人或幼儿 10. My cat is missing, I can’t find it anywhere. 上文提到的事物(同一物)
C 1.He didn't make_____clear when and where the meeting would be held.(2007.天津)
A.this B.that C.it D.there
D 2.I don't think______possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
It is said (reported/believed/thought/ known/told/hoped.....) that ...
It’s known that Yao Ming is a world-famous basketball player.
第三类： It is + 名词 +that从句 It is a pity (a shame/an honor /a fact /a surprise/... ) that ...
二、作引导词，在句中作形式主语或形式宾语， 代替后面的动词不定式、动名词或从句。
1) 代替 “to do” It is important for us to learn English well.
I found it necessary to tell him about the matter.
it it hard Suddenly ___began to rain. He found __ to walk there. Then he took a bus home. Unfortunately ___ it went wrong. When he got home, he was wet through. Thus ___ it was a day that he would never forget.

Read and analyze the following sentences. It is Friday today.
date
It was very cold last Monday. weather It is about 8:30 now. time
It is about 25km from Longxian to Bazi. distance
一) it用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名 词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定 式、动名词置于句尾。常用于以下特殊 句式：
1. it作形式主语 动词不定式做真正主语
（1）It is/was+adj.+for sb.to do sth. for前的形容词通常为描述事件的形容词：如easy, difficult, necessary, impossible, important等 It is illegal for a man to drive a car without a license.
2) 代替 “doing” It is no use quarrelling with him about it. I think it no good talking to her. 3) 代替 “clause” It doesn’t matter whether he will come or not. I think it necessary that we will attend the meeting.
2. It做形式主语，动名词做真正主语的常见句型有：
It‘s no good doing… 做…没有好处 It‘s no use doing… 做…没有用 It‘s no fun doing… 做…没有趣 It‘s no pleasure doing… 做…没有乐趣 It‘s a waste of time doing… 做…浪费时间
It lies in the south of Shaoguan city. place
It is 40°C ! You got a high fever! temperature
日期 2. it 可以用作非人称代词, 表示_____, 天气 ______, 时间 ______, 距离 ______, 地点 ______ 温度 等。 _____,
二) it作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从 句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。 该句型中的it作形式宾语，常用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。
【 6123结构 】 主语+动词+it+形容词/名词+不定式/动名词/从句 6 1 2 3
Learning about Language
The
use of “it”
L来自百度文库ad in
It was a sunny day. Peter decided to go ____ it was two for a walk to the park, though _____ miles away. ___ It was so comfortable to walk on the street.
形式宾语
B necessary to invite The chairman thought ___ Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05全国) A. that B. it C. this D. him B if you would like to teach me I’d appreciate ____ how to use the computer.(2006,山东) A. That B. it C. this D. you