全国 高等教育自学考试语言与文化考试试题
全国自学考试试题语言与文化试卷
全国高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)1. Language is_________. （）A. the product of the human brainB. rule governedC. independent of cultureD. the result of social institutions2.Culture is a social phenomenon because it is a _________ product of human societies.（）A. technical B. cooperativeC. newD. language3.A_________is a small open space symbolically enclosed with very low walls and adjoining a building.（）A. semi houseB. balconyC. plotD. yard4.English is often referred to as a _________ language because it uses frequently connectives to indicate the relation between linguistic elements. （）A. paratacticB. hypotacticC. branchingD. linear5.Decide which of the following words is the word with an inflectional morpheme.（）A. completeB. behaviorC. playedD. membership6.When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say_________.（）A. “Thank you very much. How much is it?”B. “Where did you get it? This is really what I want.”C. “It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very much.”D. “It’s very nice.”7.Which expression is NOT appropriate for you to use after you receive an apology? （）1A. It’s O.K.B. It’s all right.C. Not at all.D. Never mind.8. A: Is Jenny co .ruing to the party?B: Yes, she is.The sentences in the above dialogue are connected by both grammatical and lexical means, so we say that they exhibit_________. （）A. cohesionB. coherenceC. coexistenceD. cooperation9.Most of the cultural interpretations of the difference between English and Chinese at the textual level are_________.（）A. conclusions rather than tentative assumptionsB,. tentative assumptions rather than conclusionsC. either tentative assumptions or conclusionsD. neither tentative assumptions nor conclusions10. In American English, the equivalent word for“公寓”is_________.（）A. departmentB. flatC. apartmentD. basement11.7 days without 7-up make one weak.In this advertisement, one can find the tactful use of _________.（）A. homophonesB. figure of speechC. repetitionD. several adjectives12. Nodding means “agreement”to Chinese and most Europeans. But in the Eskimo gesturalsystem, head nodding means“_________”. （）A. yesB. angerC. pleasureD. no13. _________is a construction, expression, etc., having a meaning different from the literal oneor not according to the usual patterns of the language.（）A. “To pull one’s leg”B. “To keep a straight face”C. “To make a cat laugh”D. “To ride one’s high horse”14. The proverb “Homer sometimes nods”is related to_________.2（）A. Christianity B. Greco-Roman civilizationC. individualismD. insular culture15. In English culture _________ connote wisdom.A. miceB. chickensC. owlsD. mules16. _________is the symbol of fear, cowardice or timidity.（）A. A white slaveB. A white elephantC. A white hopeD. A white feather17. _________shows a biased attitude towards certain ethnic groups.A. Racist languageB. Religious languageC. Sexist languageD. Metaphorical language18. The thematic model emphasizes three culture elements: _________.（）A. traits, values and world viewsB. personal behaviours, thinking patterns and valuesC. norms, customs and circumstancesD. time, space and dimension19. _________are pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words or expressions used to mask harsh, rude or infamous truths.A. HonourificsB. Terms of humilityC. EuphemismsD. Taboos20. For example, a boy told his mother in a whispering voice that it was not he who broke thevase but did not dare to look at his mother in her eyes. How could one interpret his verbal and nonverbal messages? （）A. Complementing.B. Contradicting.C. RepeatingD. Regulating.Ⅱ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide what alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. Some of the important properties in a language are_________. （）3A. a set of symbolsB. human specificC. vocalD. unsystematic22. “Handsome”means nice looking and can be used together with the followingwords_________.（）A. villageB. vesselC. typewriterD. overcoat23. Inductive argumentation has been related to_________.（）A. the linear thinking patternB. the branching thinking patternC. inductive reasoningD. indirect personality24. When people are introduced, _________.（）A. they always shake handsB. they normally shake hands in formal or business situationsC. they do not always shake handsD. men shake hands more often than women25. The logical relationships between adjoining sentences can be classified into_________.（）A. additive B. adversativeC. causalD. temporal26. The word “hero”can be pronounced as_________.（）A. ['her∂v]B. ['hi:r∂v]C. ['hir∂v]D. ['hi∂r∂v]27. Silence may send the nonverbal messages of_________.（）A. displeasureB. pleasureC. indifferenceD. irritation28. _________means to be clumsy.（）A. “To put one’s foot in one’s mouth”B. “To be all thumbs”C. “To have a chip on one’s shoulder”D. “To have two left feet”29. _________have the metaphorical meaning of timidity.（）4A. BeaversB. LambsC. MiceD. Chickens30. _________is a euphemistic synonym of “poor ”.A. DeprivedB. NeedyC. UnderprivilegedD. DisadvantagedIII. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.(20%)31. Language is vocal, which means that speech is the ___________________of language.32. Each language represents a unique system of meaning in ___________________ ways.33. “2006年8月12日下午3点”can be translated into___________________.34. John Bull is ___________________ personified.35. It has been claimed that English texts develop in a ___________________ fashion, whileChinese ones develop in a spiral way.36. A national language may have several regional___________________.37. Though Chinese speakers tend to say “犟牛”to mean stubborn, English speakers would say “as stubborn as a___________________”in similar situations.38. The English expression equivalent to “敝校”is___________________.39. If a person stretches out his forefinger and the middle finger apart, he means______________.40 The English idiom equivalent to“鹤立鸡群”or“羊群里的骆驼”is“___________________”. IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)41 What is the English equivalent for “挂钟”?42. What are the four types of common English names?43. What does a white slave refer to?44. What is the typical text structure of letters of request in English? And how does it differ fromthat of Chinese letters?V. Translation. (18%)45．不动声色46．久仰大名47. My hands are as cold as ice．48. Wine and judgment matures with age.49. The Chinese people prefer the order in which the modifier appears before the head because5they are indirect. For the same reason, the subordinate clause precedes the main clause in Chinese.50. In China when people visit a friend and have dinner with his or her family, the host or hostess often says, “These are the best dishes we can supply. Please feel at home and help yourselves”. Vl. Discuss the following topics. (20%)51. What cross-cultural contrasts can you find between English and Chinese telephone calls?52. “Plain looking”, “heavy”, “slender”, “physically handicapped”, and “hard of hearing”are some commonly used euphemisms. How do we use those euphemisms related to human appearance?6。
10月全国自考语言与文化试题及答案解析
全国2021年10月高等教育白学考试诺言与文化试题课程代码：00838I . Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement and put the answer in the brackets. (20%)1. In educational settings "depend on others to do his/her work" is often preferred to "".A. fail to do one 's homeworkB. fail to do one 's schoolwork wellC. cheat in examsD. cheat in class2. A "file clerk " is often said euphemistically to be a(n) "".A. information directorB. research consultantC. office executiveD. assistant manager3. I wonder whether Nick isn 't better off, after all. ——they do look after him, don 't they?A. I meanB. In other wordsC. ActuallyD. Incidentally4. The next morning she was glad and proud that she had not yielded to a scare.he was most strangely and obviously better.A. ThoughB. At this pointC. ForD. So5. "2000 年7 月25 日上午10 点" can be translated into.A. At 10 o 'clock of the morning of 25 July of 2000B. At 10 o 'clock on the morning of 25 July, 2000C. At 10 o 'clock, the morning of 25 July, 2000D. At 10 o 'clock in the morning of 25 July, 20006. Which of the following names is associated with Christianity?A. EdgarB. JosephC. AlexanderD. Iris7. When you introduce Mary Smith to John Jones, you may say _____ .A. "John Jones, this is Mary Smith 〞B. " Mr. Jones, may I introduce Mrs. Smith?"C. " Mary Smith, this is John Jones "D. "Mary Smith, this is Mr. Jones"to mind one's p's and q's""to keep one's nose clearf" is inappropriate as a reply to an apology.A. It's O. K.B. It's all right.C. Not at all.D. Never mind. 9. It is suggested that Chinese people are good at holistic A. writing B. speaking C. thinking D. doing 10. The thematic model emphasizes three culture elements: A. traits, values and world views B. personal behaviours, thinking patterns and values C. norms, customs and circumstances D. time, space and dimension11. The Chinese equivalent for "high school" is A.中等学校 B.高等学校 C.技术学校 D.职业学校 12. In English culture, "old" is associated with all the following except A. useless B. traditional C. senile D. skilled 13. The phrasal verb "look into " corresponds in meaning to the single word A. expect B. investigate C. despise D. watch 14. "To be very careful and correct in one's behaviour" is synonymous to A. “Mr. Right"B. « I _____ _________ ___________ ________ ______keep one s own company15."To make a cat laugh" meansA. to be tragicB. to be comicC. to be proudD. to be serious 16. In English culture "white" connotes A. innocence B. death C. cruelty D. reaction 17. The English equivalent for "害了红眼病" is A. a white hope B. grey-headed C. pinkeye D. green-eyed18. Uranus is the Roman god of A. heavens and father of SaturnC. D.B. the sea, son of Saturn and brother of JupiterC. agriculture and father of JupiterD. the sky and the king of the gods19. American English and English are two varieties of the English language and they areof equal status.A. CanadianB. AustralianC. New Zealandic EnglishD. British20. Stamping one's foot signifies in English body language.A. angerB. strengthC. remorseD. impatiencen . Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement and put the answer(s) in the brackets. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. "" is more offensive than "damn" or "damn it〞.A. HellB. God damn youC. Damn youD. Jesus Christ22. He was the popular candidate. _______ he will be elected.A. So thatB. As suchC. ConsequentlyD. Accordingly23. In the following statements,is true.A. English has gone through the stage of explicit grammar, while Chinese has.B. Modern European languages are grammatical simpler and demonstrate less grammatical explicitly than classical European language.C. English and Chinese are at different developmental stages.D. English and Chinese are at same developmental stages.24. When John Smith picks up the phone, he may say.A. Hello. This is John speaking.B. Hello.C. Who's calling, please?D. Good morning. John Smith here.25. When English speakers respond to thanks, they normally say.A. "Don't mention it "B. Tt's my pleasure"C. "Not at all"D. "No. It's my duty"26. The idiomatic expression "to put one's foot in one's mouth" means.A. to just make itB. to say something embarrassingC. to have an angry attitudeD. to say something wrong or unsuitable27. "A blue fit " is close in meaning to.A. annoyanceB. happinessC. satisfactionD. irritation28. In English culture,are positive in meaning.A. ambitiousB. self-made manC. do-gooderD. aggressive29. In Chinese newspapers are not reported so frequently as in English newspapers.A. political achievementsB. cultural achievementsC. crimesD. disasters30. Touching or bodily contact is more common among in English speaking countries.A. malesB. the oldC. femalesD. the youngin . Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (12%)31. "To fresh up" can be used by a female as an euphemism for.32. In an English letter of request there are three parts: the purpose for which the letter is written, the supporting information and a _______ .33. It is hard for to understand why "走狗" is a pejorative term in Chinese.34. Each culture develops a particular way of favoured by a particular population.35. English uses frequently inflectional morphemes to indicate the relations between linguistic elements.36. " Good-bye" is the contracted form of and therefore carries a religious connotation.37. " Good night" is usually as an expression of.38. The English proverbial expression corresponds to "对牛弹琴" in Chinese.39. The English expression corresponds to "胆小如鼠" in Chinese.40. The branch of learning that studies how we perceive, structure, reacts to, and interpret messages of time is referred to as.41. American English differs from British English mainly in pronunciation and ______ .42. The phrase in British English for "私立学校" is.IV . Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)43. What are some examples in Australian English illustrating racist language?44. How do English speakers respond to compliments?45. What is large c culture?46. How would you explain the fact that "greenhouse" and its equivalent in Chinese "温室" are formed differently?47. Which idiomatic expression in English corresponds to "捧腹大笑" in Chinese?48. What is the word for " hard liquor" in British English?V . Translation. (16%)49. 您有何高见？50. Most surprise attacks against the enemy have now become pre-emptive strikes.51. I'm sorry, Mr. Jones is occupied right now. Would you like to leave a message, please?52. Hello. This is Mary speaking. Who is calling?53. He that increases knowledge increases sorrow.54. 巧妇难为了无米之炊.55. Cookie, fat-cakes and chowder are words referring to food.56. 竹在中国文化中是谦虚、刚直不阿、顽强不屈的象征.VI. Define the following terms. (10%)57. sexist language58. individualism59. Seven Facets model60. Sexism61. illustratorW . Discuss the following topics. (20%)62. What are allusions? And how do they reflect culture?63. Please explain the five categories of gestures.。
(全新整理)1月全国自考语言与文化试题及答案解析
全国2018年1月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838Ⅰ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%) 1．“Negro”,once a euphemism for “_______”, is now an offensive racist term.（）A．a black man B．niggerC．an African D．black boy2．The expression that can be used as the euphemism for “gardener”is “_______”.（）A．landscape architect B．garden designerC．beautician D．botanist3．I may be back tonight; I’m not sure. _______,just make yourself at home.（）A．However B．Despite thisC．Either way D．Still4．He showed no pleasure at hearing the news. _______ he looked even gloomier.（）A．Alternatively B．I meanC．In addition D．Instead5．“他住在美国马萨诸塞州剑桥神德街2号”can be translated into _______.（）A．He lives at Divinity Avenue 2, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.B．He lives at Divinity Avenue 2 in Cambridge of Massachusetts, U.S.A.C．He lives at 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.D．He lives in U.S.A, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Divinity Avenue 2.6．_______ is a weapon name.（）A．Brenda B．ArthurC．Rhoda D．Timothy7．When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say_______.（）A．“It’s very nice”B．“Where did you get it? This is really what I want”C．“It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very much”D．“How much is it? Thank you very much”18．_______can be said as a reply to thanks.（）A．“You’re too polite.” B．“It’s my pleasure.”C．“It’s my duty.” D．“No.”9．To be sexy is to possess a _______ in English culture.（）A．vicious character B．narrow minded featureC．loose sex morality D．positive human quality10．“Propaganda”connotes _______, so it is a pejorative term in English.（）A．giving publicity to something B．exchanging useful knowledgeC．spreading biased information D．motivating people to do something11．The Chinese equivalent for“stop watch”is “跑表”,which reveals that the Chinese people lay stress on _______.（）A．the way in which it is usedB．the purpose for which it is usedC．the mechanic qualityD．the appearance by which people can recognize12．The English equivalent for “温室”is “greenhouse”,which reveals that the English speakers emphasize its _______.（）A．capacity B．physical characteristicC．function D．effectiveness13．The proverb“one falls into Scylla in seeking to avoid Charybdis”is related to _______.（）A．Christianity B．the BibleC．Greco-Roman civilization D．geography14．“A child who roams the street”can be referred to as _______.（）A．a Sherlock Holmes B．an Uncle TomC．a Don Juan D．an Oliver Twist15．“The Garden of Eden”is an allusion derived from_______.（）A．literature B．mythologyC．religion D．history16．“We’ve generated a lot of ideas this week”illustrates the metaphor that _______.（）A．ideas are food B．ideas are plantC．ideas are products D．ideas are commodities17．“Brown paper”corresponds to _______.（）A．秘密文件 B．棕色纸2C．揭露社会黑暗的报纸 D．牛皮纸18．Many legal terms in English are from _______ and French.（）A．Greek B．LatinC．Indian D．Romania19．To avoid ambiguity, _______ are seldom used in English documents.（）A．personal pronouns B．loan wordsC．long sentences D．learned words20．Beckoning another person to come is an example of _______. （）A．accenting B．complementingC．regulating D．substitutionⅡ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.(10%)21．Even “the black people”is regarded as degrading word, for “black”has bad connotations.“_______”is the case in point.（）A．Black flag B．Black coalC．Black foot D．Black head22．It has been claimed that the flowery style of Chinese descriptive writing is related to _______the Chinese people are good at.（）A．artistic thinking B．deductive reasoningC．intuitive thinking D．dialectical reasoning23．Which of the following statements may be true? （）A．Branching and linear sentence patterns result from thinking patterns.B．Branching sentence patterns are related to analytic thinking pattern.C．Linear sentence patterns are related to analytic thinking pattern.D．Branching and linear sentence patterns can be related to emotional factors.24．Joyce Merrill Valdes is your colleague who is married. You can call her _______. （）A．Joyce B．MerrillC．Valdes D．Mrs. Valdes25．“To pull somebody’s leg”means _______.（）A．to tease somebody B．to let somebody lag behindC．to deceive somebody temporarily D．to prevent somebody from advancing26．“To ride one’s high horse”means _______.（）3A．to be glad B．to be haughtyC．to be arrogant D．to be confident27．Many English words refer to the historical aspects of English culture, such as _______.（）A．reformation B．lynchC．cocktail D．scalp28．In English culture,“red”can be associated with _______.（）A．celebrations B．embarrassment or shynessC．anger or excitement D．jealousy29．“Santa Clause”comes from _______.（）A．German B．FrenchC．Dutch D．Indian30．Chewing one’s finger nails signifies _______.（）A．emotional stress B．impatienceC．irritation D．worryⅢ.Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.(12%)31.“Human resource development”is the euphemism for “_________.”32.The connective “so”in “If they see that you’re blue, they’ll look down upon you. So why should I bother to care.”indicates a(n) _________ relation.33.A ball game played by pitchers, batters, catchers and fielders is _________.34.Morphemes can be classified into two categories: inflectional and _________ morphemes.35.The Chinese meaning of the English name Alexander is _________.36.John Bull is _________ personified.37.“Self-made man”,in American English at least, is a _________ term.38.The English proverbial equivalent for“谋事在人，成事在天”is “_________.”39.Weak though he looked, he was as brave as a _________,as all the playground bullies came to learn.40.Cultures that allow people to interact at a great distance are referred to as _________ cultures.41.In general English speakers touch significantly less frequently than speakers of _________ languages do in everydayconversation.42.The word in American English for “教职员”is“_________.”Ⅳ.Answer the following questions briefly.(12%)43.What does“a red letter day”mean in English culture?44.Does“a marriage of convenience”covey the same meaning as “送上门的婚姻”？45.What do English speakers do when they receive gifts?46.What is the American equivalent for the British word “maize”?47.What is the English equivalent for “隐形眼镜”？448.Give examples to show the differences in what can be advertised between English and Chinese culture. Ⅴ.Translation.(16%)49.久仰大名。
语言与文化自考题-3_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
语言与文化自考题-3(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)Ⅰ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternativescarefully and decide which of the four alternatives **pletes the statement.1."Culture" is a loan word from ______.A.French B. LatinC.RomanD. NorwegianSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:B主要考查对文化的了解。
在英语中culture是拉丁语的借用词，该词的主要含义是“耕种土地”。
2."Associate" can be used together with ______.A.professorB. presidentC.chairman D . generalSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:A本题主要考查词汇的搭配意义。
associate可以和professor，editor，director等搭配使用。
3.A game played on horseback by two teams of players on a ground is called ______.A.hockeyB. rugbyC.poloD. golfSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:C本题主要考查与生活方式有关的英语词汇。
polo(马球)指运动员在马背上进行比赛，两队各出3—4名队员，场地长274米，宽146米或183米。
队员用打马球的带有弹性的球棍击球，马球是用竹条或柳根制成，以打进球门得分。
(最新整理)4月浙江自考语言与文化试题及答案解析
浙江省2018年4月自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：10058Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which one of the four alternatives best completes the statement (20%).1. The medium of verbal interaction is _____. ( )A. thoughtB. languageC. cultureD. communication2. Such interjections as “aha”, “my God”, “oh”, “dear”are chiefly used to convey _____ meaning. ( )A. affectiveB. reflectedC. socialD. conceptual3. The Chinese name “党生”is related to _____. ( )A. the date of birthB. the place of birthC. historical eventsD. natural phenomena4. The Chinese counterpart for “Busman’s holiday”is _____. ( )A. 公共汽车驾驶员的假日B. 公共汽车乘务员的假日C. 消磨于与日常工作类似之活动的假日D. 公交车日5. English and Chinese advertising differ in what can be advertised. In English _____ cannot be advertised. ( )A. sexual serviceB. domestic serviceC. medicinesD. cigarettes6. “I’m full”is signified in English culture by _____. ( )A. moving quickly his open hand, palm down, across his throatB. a raised open hand, palm forwardC. one or both open hands lightly patting one’s own stomachD. an open hand, palm down, raised to one’s throat17. Cowboy can represent the _____ aspects of culture. ( )A. geographicalB. politicalC. ChristianD. historical8. When you received a gift from your friend on your birthday, normally your response is _____.( )A. “It’s very beautiful, but I already have one.”B. “You may give it to Jane. She will love it.”C. “It’s so nice, I love it. Thank you.”D. “No, thank you. For it costs you too much.”9. “to kick the bucket”is often associated with _____. ( )A. to get into a temperB. to dieC. to have bad luckD. to go to bed10. “That idea went out of style years ago”illustrates the metaphor that ideas are _____.( ) A. people B. productsC. commoditiesD. fashion11. “Show no surprise or concern about something unusual that happens”is synonymous to _____. ( )A. cast your eye overB. keep an eye out forC. turn a blind eyeD. not to bat an eyelid12. “White room”corresponds to _____. ( )A. 白色的房间B. 病房C. 空房D. 绝尘室13. A Don Quixote represents _____. ( )A. a captivating man known as a great lover or seducer of womenB. an idealistic and impractical personC. a meek person who submits to indignities and sufferings without any thought of act ofrebellingD. a handsome young man, passionate, dashing, who has a way with woman14. “The weather cleared just as the party approached the summit. Until then they had seen2nothing of the panorama around them.”demonstrates _____ relation between the two sentences. ( )A. a temporalB. a causalC. an adversativeD. an additive15. “She drives me out of my mind”is a metaphorical expression about love is _____.( ) A. a physical force B. madnessC. magicD. patient16. It has been claimed that English texts develop _____. ( )A. in a spiral wayB. in a linear fashionC. in a flowery styleD. in a way of much uses of hyperboles17. “A black day”is a day _____. ( )A. when something sad or disastrous happensB. when something remarkable and usually pleasurable happensC. when something should be rememberedD. when there is no moon or sun18. The word in American English for “staff”is _____. ( )A. stuffB. facultyC. teacherD. employee19. _____ relations refer to constructions whose components are linked in meaning through juxtaposition and punctuation/intonation and not through the use of conjunctions. ( ) A. logical B. hypotacticC. paratacticD. hypocritical20. The distance zone ranging from touching to 18 inches is referred to as the _____ zone.( ) A. intimate B. casual-personalC. socio-consultativeD. publicⅡ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternative can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)31. Culture is a _____ phenomenon. ( )A. systematicB. socialC. nationalD. historical2. _____ are facilities where people get served without having to leave their cars. ( )A. Drive insB. MotelsC. HotelsD. Diners3. Possible answers to the question “Have they never invited you home?”could be _____.( ) A. Yes, they have never. B. No, they have never.C. Yes, they have.D. No, they have.4. Michael Stone is a professor, so it is quite common for his students to call him _____.( ) A. Michael B. Professor StoneC. Michael StoneD. Professor Michael5. In English culture “pink”can be associated with _____. ( )A. something bestB. something unpleasantC. womenD. dismal6. Words pejorative in meaning in English but positive or neutral in Chinese are _____.( ) A. propaganda B. dragonC. comradeD. peasant7. V ocatives normally include _____, epithets, etc. ( )A. greetingsB. standard appellativesC. terms for occupationsD. names8. “To throw in the sponge”_____. ( )A. derives from baseballB. means “abandon a struggle or contest”C. derives from boxingD. means “acknowledge defeat”9. When people are introduced to others, they often say to each other, “_____”. ( )A. How are you?B. How do you do?C. How have you been?D. Nice to meet / know you.410. If someone says, “What a big house you’ve got”, the complimented might respond, “_____”.( )A. Thank you. It’s quite big.B. Thank you, I was lucky to be able to get it.C. Thank you, but I think it’s not as big as yours.D. Oh, you really think so?Ⅲ. Each of the following statements has an underlined space. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (24%)1. ___________ is a collection of religious books comprising the Old Testament and New Testament.2. The British English equivalent for “check”is ___________.3. English pronouns are marked for four cases: ___________, objective, genitive determinative and genitive independent.4. “保持一身清白”corresponds to “___________”in English.5. ___________ is a book with the telephone numbers of different shops, restaurants, business, organizations, etc.6. “Homer sometimes nods.”can be translated into “___________”in Chinese.7. In its broad sense culture is the attributes of man, and it is also called “large C culture”or “___________ culture”.8. The English equivalent for “黄道吉日”is ___________.9. Beautician is an euphemism, referring to ___________.10. It is generally accepted that at the sentential level ___________ relations are observed far more frequently in English than in Chinese.11. The Chinese equivalent for “Wester”is ___________.12. Through the study of psychological time, three psychological orientations have emerged: the past, ___________, and future.Ⅳ. Translation (16%)A. Translate the following into Chinese. (8%)1. Niagara Falls2. Rats desert a sinking ship.53. totem4. Excuse me, would you tell me the way to the nearest post-office?B. Translate the following into English. (8%)1. 敬请光临2. 趁热打铁3. 五月结婚，悔恨终身4. 红白事Ⅴ. Define the following terms. (10%)1. language2. the present-oriented society3. similes and metaphors4. taboos5. text structuresⅥ. Discuss the following topics. (20%)1. Are “please”in English and “请”in Chinese used in the same way in communication? If they are not, what differences can you find between them?2. What cross-cultural contrast can you find between English and Chinese when naming their children?6。
语言与文化自考题-5_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
语言与文化自考题-5(总分100, 做题时间90分钟)Ⅰ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternativescarefully and decide which of the four alternatives **pletes the statement.1.Language is ______ in that it is rule governed.A.arbitrary B. vocalC.systematic D . symbolicSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:C主要考查语言的系统性特征。
语言是由规则支配的。
构成语言的成分须遵循某些特定的规则。
人们必须讲遵循规则所构成的语言，否则，人们就无法进行交际，孩子们也不可能进行语言学习。
因此，语言是系统的。
2.The relationship between language and culture is that ______.A. language determines cultureB. culture determines languageC. language and cultureinteract D. language and culture are parallelSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:C主要考查语言与文化之间的关系。
语言与文化紧密联系，相互影响，相互制约。
3.In its narrow sense "culture" can be defined as ______ of a population.A.conceptsB. lifewayC. behavioralpatterns D. social institutionsSSS_SIMPLE_SINA B C D分值: 1答案:B主要考查狭义上的文化的定义。
()全国自考语言与文化试题及解析
⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯优选自学考料介绍⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯全国 2021 年 1 月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码： 00838Ⅰ .Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives.Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%)1．“ Negro〞 ,once a euphemism for “ _______〞 , is now an offensive racist term. 〔〕A ． a black manB ． niggerC． an African D ． black boy2． The expression that can be used as the euphemism for “ gardener〞 is “ _______〞 .〔〕A ． landscape architectB ． garden designerC． beautician D ． botanist3． I may be back tonight; I’ m not sure. _______,just make yourself〔at home. 〕A ． HoweverB ． Despite thisC． Either way D ． Still4． He showed no pleasure at hearing the news. _______ he looked even gloomier. 〔〕A ． AlternativelyB ． I meanC． In addition D ． Instead5．“他住在美国马萨诸塞州剑桥神德街 2 号〞 can be translated into _______.〔〕A ． He lives at Divinity Avenue 2, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.B ． He lives at Divinity Avenue 2 in Cambridge of Massachusetts, U.S.A.C． He lives at 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.D ． He lives in U.S.A, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Divinity Avenue 2.6． _______ is a weapon name.〔〕A ． BrendaB ． ArthurC． Rhoda D ． Timothy7． When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say_______. 〔〕A ．“ It ’ s very nice〞B ．“ Where did you get it? This is really what I want〞C．“ It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very much 〞D ．“ How much is it? Thank you very much 〞18． _______can be said as a reply to thanks.〔〕A ．“ You’ retoo polite. 〞B ．“ It ’ s my pleasure〞.C．“ It ’ s my duty〞. D ．“ No. 〞9． To be sexy is to possess a _______ in English culture. 〔〕A ． vicious characterB ． narrow minded featureC． loose sex morality D ． positive human quality10．“ Propaganda〞 connotes _______, so it is a pejorative term in English. 〔〕A ． giving publicity to somethingB ． exchanging useful knowledgeC． spreading biased information D ． motivating people to do something11．The Chinese equivalent for “ stop watch 〞 is “跑表〞 ,which reveals that the Chinese people lay stress on _______.〔〕A ． the way in which it is usedB ． the purpose for which it is usedC． the mechanic qualityD ． the appearance by which people can recognize12．The English equivalent for“温室〞is“ greenhouse〞,which reveals that the English speakers emphasize its _______.〔〕A ． capacityB ． physical characteristicC． function D ． effectiveness13． The proverb “one falls into Scylla in seeking to avoid Charybdis 〞 is related to _______. 〔〕A ． ChristianityB ． the BibleC． Greco-Roman civilization D ． geography14．“ A child who roams the street 〞 can be referred to as _______.〔〕A ． a Sherlock HolmesB ． an Uncle TomC． a Don Juan D ． an Oliver Twist15．“ The Garden of Eden〞 is an allusion derived from_______. 〔〕A ． literatureB ． mythologyC． religion D ． history16．“ We’ ve generated a lot of ideas this week〞 illustrates the metaphor that _______. 〔〕A ． ideas are foodB ． ideas are plantC． ideas are products D ． ideas are commodities17．“ Brown paper 〞 corresponds to _______.〔〕A ．奥秘文件B ．棕色纸2C．揭示社会黑暗的报纸 D ．牛皮纸18． Many legal terms in English are from _______ and French. 〔〕A ． GreekB ． LatinC． Indian D ． Romania19． To avoid ambiguity, _______ are seldom used in English documents. 〔〕A ． personal pronounsB ． loan wordsC． long sentences D ． learned words20． Beckoning another person to come is an example of _______.〔〕A ． accentingB ． complementingC． regulating D ． substitutionⅡ .Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives.Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement. There might be morethan one correct answer.(10%)21．Even “ the black people 〞 is regarded as degrading word, for“ black〞 has bad connotations.“_______ 〞 is the case in point. 〔〕A ． Black flagB ． Black coalC． Black foot D ． Black head22． It has been claimed that the flowery style of Chinese descriptive writing is related to _______the Chinese people are good at.〔〕A ． artistic thinkingB ． deductive reasoningC． intuitive thinking D ． dialectical reasoning23． Which of the following statements may be true?〔〕A ． Branching and linear sentence patterns result from thinking patterns.B ． Branching sentence patterns are related to analytic thinking pattern.C． Linear sentence patterns are related to analytic thinking pattern.D ． Branching and linear sentence patterns can be related to emotional factors.24． Joyce Merrill Valdes is your colleague who is married. You can call her _______.〔〕A ． JoyceB ． MerrillC． Valdes D ． Mrs. Valdes25．“ To pull somebody’〞s legmeans _______.〔〕A ． to tease somebodyB ． to let somebody lag behindC． to deceive somebody temporarily D ． to prevent somebody from advancing26．“ To ride one ’ s high horse〞means _______.〔〕3()全国自考语言与文化试题及剖析⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯优选自学考料介绍⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯A ． to be gladB ． to be haughtyC． to be arrogant D ． to be confident27． Many English words refer to the historical aspects of English culture, such as _______. 〔〕A ． reformationB ． lynchC． cocktail D ． scalp28． In English culture, “ red〞 can be associated with _______. 〔〕A ． celebrationsB ． embarrassment or shynessC． anger or excitement D ． jealousy29．“ Santa Clause〞 comes from _______. 〔〕A ． GermanB ． FrenchC． Dutch D ． Indian30． Chewing one ’ s finger nails signifies〔.〕A ． emotional stressB ． impatienceC． irritation D ． worryⅢ.Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.(12%)31.“ Human resource development 〞 is the euphemism for “ _________.〞32.The connective“ so〞in“ If they see that you’ re blue, they’ ll look down upon you. So why should I bother〞to caindicates a(n) _________ relation.33.A ball game played by pitchers, batters, catchers and fielders is _________.34.Morphemes can be classified into two categories: inflectional and _________ morphemes.35.The Chinese meaning of the English name Alexander is _________.36.John Bull is _________ personified.37.“ Self-made man〞,in American English at least, is a _________ term.38.The English proverbial equivalent for“谋事在人，成事在天〞is “ _________.〞39.Weak though he looked, he was as brave as a _________,as all the playground bullies came to learn.40.Cultures that allow people to interact at a great distance are referred to as _________ cultures.41.In general English speakers touch significantly less frequently than speakers of _________ languages do in everydayconversation.42.The word in American English for“教职员〞is“ _________.〞Ⅳ.Answer the following questions briefly.(12%)43.What does“ a red letter day〞 mean in English culture?“ a marriage of convenience〞 covey the same meaning as “送上门的婚姻〞？45.What do English speakers do when they receive gifts?46.What is the American equivalent for the British word“ maize〞?47.What is the English equivalent for“隐形眼镜〞？4()全国自考语言与文化试题及剖析⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯优选自学考料介绍⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯⋯48.Give examples to show the differences in what can be advertised between English and Chinese culture.Ⅴ.Translation.(16%)49.久仰大名。
全国2014年10月自考00838自考语言与文化试题自考历年真题标准版【高清版】
全国2014年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838请琴生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
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如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后•再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statementand the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(2Q%)1. "Oil is a natural substance ・ When it is obtained from the oil well and refined into petrol, ifbecomes a cultural product.f，From the above example, we can see that culture is a ______________ phenomenon・A. nationalB. historicalC. socialD. general and abstract2. Eskimo tribes commonly have as many as seven different words for snow while certainAfrican cultures in the equatorial forest of Zaire have no word for snow. Such phenomenon shows that _______________ •A. language is part of cultureB. language is influenced and shaped by cultureC. language is the carrier of cultureD. language has itsinfluence on culture3. _____ meaning is communicated when the feelings or attitudes are expressed in language.A. ConceptualB. ConnotativeC. Affective D, Col locative4. “Cowboy", “Hippie" and ^Continental Co ngress" are words that represent the ____________ aspectsof American culture・浙00838#语言与文化试题第1页〈共6页)A. geographicalB. politicalC. religious D・ historical浙00838存语言与文化试题第2页（共6页）浙00838#语言与文化试题第3页（其6页）5. Compare the sentences "Which books have you lent him?护 and "你借给他哪些书?and we find the difference in ______ .A. grammatical morphemesB. subjects and objectsC. parataclic and hypotactic relationD. word order6. People from individualistic cultures tend to _________ • A. mind their own affairsB. be more sociable C ・ be more influe need by the environment D. inquire what others are doing7. In English " _______ "is often used together with the addressee's given name as a vocative ・A. motherB ・ auntC cousin D. mother-in-law8. Which of the following is NOT a common response to a compliment?A. Thank you. I’m glad you like it. (to "How delicious the food is!")B. Thank yo u. So did you. (to “You played very well in the game today.")C. Oh, I wish it could be true, (to “You speak good Chinese.%)D. Oh no, not at all. (to “Whai a beautiful garden you have 广)9. “To keep one’s nose clean” corresponds to __________ .A.保持一身清白B.保持呼吸畅通 C 便某人信服D.涓洗脸部 10. The Chinese equivalent to “make bricks without straw'' is ______________ ・A.白手起家B.费九牛二虎之力做某事C.独立完成某事 D •做无米之炊 11 • The red color is usually associated with celebrations and joyful occasions in English speakingcountries and in China, which can be seen in the following expressions EXCEPT “ ________ 二A. a red letter dayB ・ waving a red flag C. painting the town red D. the red carpet12. Metaphors occur frequently in daily conversations to show speakers' views on things both in Chineseand in English ・ The following metaphorical expressions show that ideas are people EXCEPT “(2) Will you please show your ticket?(3) Your ticket, please.(4) Would you mind showing your ticket? Please arrange the above statements in polite ness ・A.(I)(2X3)(4)C. (1)(3X2)(4)A.新思想荫绊C. His ideas will live on forever13. ( I ) Your ticket.B. 旧观念复活 D. He breathed new life into that idea an order of increasing degrees of formality andB ・(2)⑴(4)(3)D. (4X3)(2XD浙00838存语言与文化试题第4页（共6页）浙00838#语言与文化试题第3页（其6页）浙00838#语言与文化试题第5页(共6页〉浙00838存语言与文化试题第8页（共6页）。
7月浙江自考语言与文化试题及答案解析
浙江省2018年7月自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：10058I. Multiple Choice (24%)Directions: Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.1．The first anthropological definition of culture was offered by the British scholar( ) A. Edward B. Tylor B. Howard Lee NostrandC. George MurdockD. Nelson Brooks2．A hot, freshly cooked sausage sandwiched in a split roll of bread is( ) A. Hot dog B. SandwichC. HamburgerD. Pudding3．Facilities where people get served without having to leave their cars is called( ) A. drive-ins B. motelsC. dinersD. hotels4．“Disinterested”corresponds to ( )A. 公正的B. 不感兴趣的C. 讨厌的D. 无聊的5.The first week day after Christmas，a legal holiday in England is called( ) A. Thanksgiving Day B. Boxing DayC. EasterD. Anzac Day6. Deductive argumentation has been related to ( )A. the linear thinking patternB. the branching thinking patternC. paratactic featuresD. direct personality7．“Laura”means ( )in Chinese.A. 月桂B. 劳拉C. 常青藤D. 百合8．“Henry”means ( ) in Chinese.A. 亨利B. 快乐C. 勇敢D. 家庭统治者9．( )can be said as a reply to thanks.A.“ It’s my duty”.B. “It’s my job”.C. “Nothing for that”.D. “You’re welcome”.10．When your English hostess asks you “would you like some more of this dish?”, your answer should be ( ) if you want.A.“Yes, please”.B. “Thank you”.C. “Yes, thank you”.D. “OK”.11．“My knee only hurts when I dance, that’s because I have two left feet”. The last sentence means ( )A. that’s because I have to be independentB. that’s because I have recove red after an illnessC. that’s because I dance swiftlyD. that’s because I am too clumsy12．“To make a cat laugh”is synonymous to ( )A. to be specially ludicrousB. to cause one to feel loathingC. to make a jokeD. to create a wonder13．“To keep one’s nose clean”is the same meaning with ( )A. to keep out of troubleB. to be fond of cleannessC. to separate from othersD. to feel fresh air14．“From whipping post to pillory”is related to( )A. individualismB. English literatureC. the history of EnglandD. Bible15．“Hit and run”derived from( )A. baseballB. footballC. horse racingD. boxing16. “That idea won’t sell” illustrates the metaphor that( )A. ideas are productsB. ideas are commoditiesC. ideas are moneyD. ideas are resources17. “Waving a red flag” means ( )A. doing something that could stop othersB. doing something that could cause other people’s attentionC. doing something that celebrates an event of happinessD. doing something that could cause quick anger in other people18. “A black spot” is a place ( )A. where unpleasant things occur regularly and without chance of improvementB. where everything is decorated in black colorC. where people use to honor something or somebodyD. where people are due to have bad fortune19. The Chinese equivalent for “blue film” is( )A. 伤感电影B. 黄色电影C. 蓝色电影D. 暴力电影20. “Red blooded” corresponds to ( )A. 精力充沛的B. 现行犯的C. 共产党人的D. 红色政权的21. “( ) ” can be got as a reply when you ask an English speaker questions such as “how old are you?”, etc.A. None of your businessB. I’m afraid I can’t tell youC. I’m thirty, thank youD. I’m sorry I don’t remember22．It is often said that Chinese learners of English speak( ) English because they learn it mainly through reading.A. bookishB. excellentC. standardD. common23．In American English “cookie”is a loan word from Dutch, meaning ( ) in Chinese.A. 炊具B. 厨师C. 曲奇饼干D. 厨房24. “Crossing one’s forefinger and middle finger” signifies() in English speaking countries.A. good luckB. sadnessC. respectsD. secrecyII. Gap-filling (10%)Directions: Each of the following statements has an underlined space. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.1．There are more than four hundred words for camel in Arabic while there is only one word for it in English or Chinese. It reflects such fact that language is strongly influenced and shaped by _______ .2．The Federal legislature of the USA is_______ .3．The word in British English for “corn”is _______ .4．The contrast between grammatical explicitness in English and grammatical implicitness in Chinese may bebrought about by different _______ traditions of English speaking countries and China.5．English is a hypotactic language and Chinese is a _______ language.6．_______ refers to a meek person who submits to indignities and sufferings without any thought or act of rebelling.7．The English equivalent for “对牛弹琴”is “_______ ”.8．The English equivalent for “黑货”is “_______ ”.9．“_______”refers to a strike breaker, someone who accepts work in place of strikers.10．The English speakers who expect a text to be developed_______ may find it difficult to follow a spirally developed text.III. Define the following terms (20%)1．Individualism2．Taboos3．Coherence and cohesion4．Public territoryIV. Translation (16%)1．Red hunter2．Orthodox Eastern Church3．A marriage of convenience4．Even reckoning makes long friends.5．智者千虑，必有一失6．红茶7．白手起家的人8．白菜V.Discuss the following topics (30%)1．How do English speakers bid farewell to one another? What cross-cultural contrasts can you find between English and Chinese farewell?2．What are the English euphemisms for “lavatory”?3．How do you understand the statement that English speakers prefer deductive argumentation while Chinese speakers prefer inductive argumentation when producing argumentative texts?。
(全新整理)7月自考浙江省语言与文化试题及答案解析
浙江省2018年7月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：10058I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which one of the four alternatives best completes the statement .(20%)1. In their ______ senses the two terms “culture”and “文化”are identical in meaning.( )A. technicalB. economicalC. literalD. ordinary2. ______ relations are observed more frequently in English than in Chinese. ( )A. ParatacticB. LogicalC. ConnectiveD. Hypotactic3. “I just cannot swallow that claim”illustrates the metaphor that ______.( )A. ideas are peopleB. ideas are foodC. ideas are productsD. ideas are commodities4. A ______ is a military building consisting of an area enclosed by a strong wall, in which soldiers live and which is designed to be defended from attack.( )A. lynchB. castleC. fortD. terrapin5. In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without a good reason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. This is best reflected by an English proverb______.( )A. an Englishman’s house is his castleB. as welcome as a stormC. do not wear out your welcomeD. outstay one’s welcome6. ______ refers to a drink, usually an alcoholic one, made by mixing two or more drinks together.( )A. WhiskyB. CocktailC. Red wineD. White wine17. “To know something like the palm of one’s hand”means ______.( )A. to understand the nature of something and be competent in the performance of themB. to understand everything without any questionsC. understand only something easyD. to be thoroughly familiar with the nature and details of something8. When one visits an English speaking friend, one had better not to stay at his home long. This is especially illustrated by a proverb “______”.( )A. a rousing welcomeB. do not wear out your welcomeC. an English’s house is his castleD. as snow in harvest9. 雏菊in English is ______.( )A. daisyB. roseC. sunflowerD. lily10. Good-bye is derived from the expression ______.( )A. “Good luck for you”B. “God bless you”C. “God be with you”D. “Looking forward to seeing you again”11. ______ can be said as a reply to thanks.( )A. “It’s my duty”B. “It’s my job”C. “I have to do it because you are our guest”D. “You’re welcome”12. When you want to compliment the new coat Mary wears you can say ______.( )A. “That’s a very nice coat. It must be very expensive”B. “You look much more beautiful in this coat”C. “How much did you pay fro this coat?”D. “You look lovely in this coat, who bought it for you?”13. When offering another person to be first in going through a door or getting into a car, the normal expression is ______.( )A. “After you”B. “You go first, please”C. “Would you like to go first?”D. “Can you go first, please?”14. When your English hostess asks you “would you like some more of this dish, you answered2______ if you like”.( )A. “Thank you”B. “Yes, thank you”C. “Yes, please”D. “OK”15. “He devoured the book”is a metaphorical expression about ideas which means ______.( )A. he likes the book so muchB. he diagrams the bookC. he reads the book quickly and eagerlyD. he corrects the book16. “A white Christmas”refers to ______.( )A. snow at Christmas timeB. purity at Christmas timeC. innocence at Christmas timeD. nothing done at Christmas time17. “A white hope”refers to ______. ( )A. a talent person who is thought not likely to bring successB. a talent person who is thought likely to failC. a talent person who is thought likely to bring bad fateD. a talent person who is thought likely to bring success18. “‘Tickets, please!’said the guard, putting his head at the window. In a moment everybody was holding out a ticket”demonstrates ______ relation between the two sentences. ( ) A. causal B. a temporalC. an additiveD. an adversative19. In most English letters of request, ______.( )A. the request precedes the supporting informationB. the request follows the supporting informationC. the initial request has to be made paving the way for the final requestD. the request is placed at the end of a letter20. “Frozen”is one of five features of oral English, taking “______”as an example.( )A. visitors should go up the stairs at onceB. visitors should make their way at once to the upper floor by way of staircaseC. up you go, chapsD. time you all went upstairs, nowII. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each3statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternative can complete the statement. (10%)1. “Propaganda”refers to information, ideas, opinions or images, often only giving one part of an argument, which are broadcast, published or in some other way spread with the intention of influencing people’s opinions. In English culture indicates mainly ______.( )A. disapprovingB. approvingC. neutral attitudeD. ambiguous attitude2. The word in American English for “wagon”is ______.( )A. truckB. lorryC. cargoD. waggon3. The British English equivalent for “公立学校”is ______.( )A. public schoolB. council schoolC. private schoolD. grade school4. The American English equivalent for “公立学校”is ______.( )A. public schoolB. council schoolC. private schoolD. grade school5. ______ can be viewed as occurring whenever as individual communicates without the use of sounds.( )A. Non-verbal communicationB. Facial expressionsC. GesturesD. Posture6. When signifying “come here”, English speakers would ______. ( )A. extend their open hands, palms down, towards the person with all fingers crooked in abeckoning motionB. extend their closed hands, palms up, with only their forefingers moving back and forthC. extend their open hands, palms up, towards the person with all fingers crooked in a beckoningmotionD. extend their open hands, palms down, with only their forefingers moving back and forth7. “I’m full”is signified in English culture by ______.( )A. one or both open hands lightly patting one’s own stomachB. a raised open hand, palm forward4C. an open hand, palm down, raised to one’s throatD. moving quickly his open hand, palm down, across his throat8. “Hitchhiking”is symbolized by ______ in English culture.( )A. a raised open hand, palm forwardsB. moving several times the hand whose forefinger touches one’s own cheekC. moving several times the hand whose thumb touches one’s own cheekD. moving several times a closed hand with an outstretched thumb pointing to the direction in which one tends to travel9. “Chewing one’s finger nails”signifies ______. ( )A. emotional stressB. argumentC. impatienceD. frustration10. “Wagging one’s forefinger”is used to ______.( )A. show one’s angry or frustrationB. warn others not to do somethingC. show one’s defiance and contemptD. express one’s impatienceIII. Each of the following statements has an underlined space. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression (12%).1. ______ is the study of facial expressions, touch, time, gestures, smile, eye behavior and so on.2. Some English gestures mirror the English alphabet, such as the OK gesture and the ______ gesture.3. The British English equivalent for “quartet”is ______.4. The American English equivalent for “cheque”is ______.5. The English speaking population view frequent use of ______ as bad.6. The “______”English refers to those basic English items that appear in most or all varieties of English.7. “Industrial action”is a euphemism for ______.8. “Slums”or “ghettos”where the poor and the colored races live may be referred to as ______.9. ______ is an equivalent for “ugly”.10. ______ refers to a day specially looked forward to when something remarkable and usually pleasurable will happen.511. ______ is a lie which does not harm and is merely more convenient or polite than telling the truth.12. ______ refers to a cruel, greedy, money grabbing person who will go to no ends to gain wealth.IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)1. A girl may smile to a male stranger. What different interpretation for this phenomenon can you find in both English and Chinese culture?2. What is personal space? What are its qualities?3. What are the five categories of touch?4. Why do some Chinese learners of English often speak bookish English?5. In what way does oral English differ from written English?6. What should Chinese learners of English have to learn if they want to be able to produce cohesive texts?7. Is “you praised you too much”appropriate if said as a reply to praise like “your English is very good”? If it is not, what would you say in the same situation?8. What is racism? And what are racist languages? Can you cite two examples?9. Is it appropriate to call a woman in fifties grandma? Why or why not?10. How do you say “拙作”in English?11. How do you say “请赐教”in English?12. What are “yellow pages”?V. Translation (16%)A: Translate the following into Chinese (8%)1. To put ones foot in ones mouth2. Man proposes, God disposes3. Life is but a walking shadow4. Even reckoning makes long friendsB: Translate the following into English (8%)5. 您有何贵干?6. 久仰，久仰大名。
全国自考大学语文,考试真题及答案。全国自考《语言学概论》历年真题及答案
大学语文，考试真题。
四、简析题(本大题共5小题，每小题6分，共30分)36．阅读《容忍与自由》中的一段文字，回答问题：我曾说过，我应该用容忍的态度来报答社会对我的容忍。
现在常常想，我们还得戒律自己：我们若想别人容忍谅解我们的见解，我们必须先养成能够容忍谅解别人的见解的度量。
至少至少我们应该戒约自己决不可“以吾辈所主张者为绝对之是”。
我们受过实验主义的训练的人，本来就不承认有“绝对之是”，更不可以“以吾辈所主张者为绝对之是”。
A．这段文字是针对文章中哪一个事例所生发的议论?强调“以吾辈所主张者为绝对之是”的是谁?针对陈独秀提倡白话文的事例。
陈独秀；B．“绝对之是”是什么意思?“不允许反对者有讨论之余地”不能够容忍别人的不同意见。
自己的意见绝对正确。
C．这段文字的论点是什么?该论点对文章中心论点的论述有什么作用?论点：不承认有“绝对之是”。
宇宙无限，人的认识有限。
是总论点“没有容忍，就没有自由”的三个分论点之一。
37．阅读《哭小弟》中的一段文字，回答问题：我哭小弟，哭他在剧痛中还拿着那本航空资料“想再看看”，哭他的“胃下垂”、“肾游走”；我也哭蒋筑英抱病奔波，客殇成都；我也哭罗健夫不肯一个人坐一辆汽车!我还要哭那些没有见诸报章的过早离去的我的同辈人。
他们几经雪欺霜冻，好不容易奋斗着张开几片花瓣，尚未盛开，就骤然凋谢。
我哭我们这迟开而早谢的一代人!已经是迟开了，让这些迟开的花朵尽可能延长他们的光彩吧。
A．举例说明文中使用了何种修辞手法。
比喻，排比；B．文中的“雪欺霜冻”和“骤然凋谢”的寓意是什么?政治运动对知识分子的迫害；英年早逝；C．文中揭示主旨的是哪一句话?让这些迟开的花朵尽可能延长他们的光彩吧38．阅读《我与地坛》中的一段文字，回答问题：剩下的就是怎样活的问题了。
这却不是在某一个瞬间就能完全想透的，不是能．够一次性解决的事，怕是活多久就要想它多久了，就像是伴你终生的魔鬼或恋人。
所以，十五年了，我还是总得到那古园里去，去它的老树下或荒草边或颓墙旁，去默坐，去呆想，去推开耳边的嘈杂理一理纷乱的思绪，去窥看自己的心魂。
自考现代汉语真题(合编)
自考现代汉语真题（合编）全国高等教育自学考试《现代汉语》历年真题11．下列各组中两个词都是补充式合成词的一组是（）A．马匹、接近 B．平反、缩小 C．爱护、革新 D．壮观、武断 1、全国2021年4月自考现代汉语试题一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1．联合国规定了六种工作语言，它们是（）A．汉语、日语、法语、英语、阿拉伯语、葡萄牙语 B．俄语、英语、德语、法语、意大利语、西班牙语 C．汉语、俄语、法语、英语、西班牙语、阿拉伯语 D．日语、德语、英语、法语、葡萄牙语、意大利语 2．“舌尖中、浊、边音”声母是（）A．n B．l C．m D．ng 3．下列各项中都有韵头的韵母是（）A．ua、iang、ueng B．ei、ou、ie C．ua、en、ing D．uei、in、ai 4．下列各组中，三个字都不．是阳平字的一组是（）A．实、前、培 B．习、扎、绝 C．荫、撮、妃 D．锚、淆、清 5．“你从什么地方来啊”、“是啊”中的“啊”应该念作（ A．na、ra B．wa、za C．ya、ra D．nga、wa 6．下列各组汉语拼音全都正确的一组是（）A．黯然ànrán 沉浸c?njǐn B．倩影qiànyǐng 斑驳bünb? C．徘徊páihuái 租赁zūl?n D．崔嵬chu?w?i 骀荡y?dàng 7．“女、写、长”三个汉字的笔画数分别是（）A．四、五、四 B．三、五、四 C．三、六、五 D．四、六、五 8．下列各组中三个汉字都属于形声字的一组是（）A．案、明、楷 B．休、旗、闷 C．恭、惊、清 D．体、娘、甘 9．“踟蹰”是（）A．双声词B．叠韵词C．音译词D．外来词10．下列各组中两个语素都是不定位语素的一组是（）A．了、呢 B．可、者 C．与、阿 D．民、语12．“铭记、尴尬”分别属于（）A．方言词、外来词 B．古语词、方言词 C．古语词、外来词D．外来词、方言词 13．下列各组中两个成语都属于主谓结构的一组是（）A．高朋满座、狐假虎威 B．草木皆兵、入木三分 C．众叛亲离、兵荒马乱 D．令人发指、名列前茅 14．下列各组中三个词都是介词的一组是（）A．其实、把、自 B．似的、为、对 C．对于、被、于 D．所以、从、和 15．下列各项中，“净”不．是副词的是（）A．屋子里净是垃圾 B．放在桶里的是净水 C．净来些不三不四的人 D．浑身净是泥巴 16．下列短语中属于连动短语的是（）A．争论开始 B．气得流泪 C．躺着不动 D．喜欢旅游17．下列各句的主语属于体词性主语的是（）A．游泳是一项很好的运动。
4月浙江自考语言与文化试题及答案解析
浙江省2018 年 4 月自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：10058I . Multiple choice (23%)Directions: Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.1. The medium of verbal interaction is( )A. thought.B. language.C. culture.D. communication.2. “Politician ” and “statesman ” are mainly distinguished by their _n_g_._(___ mean)iA. connotativeB. conceptualC. socialD. reflected3. “Busybody” corresponds to ________ in Chinese. ( )A. 大忙人B. 爱管闲事的人C. 重要人物D. 勤快人4. “ Domicile, residence, home and _____ ” are synonymous to each other, that is, conceptually they refer to the same thing in the real world. ( )A. abodeB. livingC. familyD. household5. Connotative meaning, social meaning, affective meaning, reflected meaning and collocative meaning can bebrought together under the heading _______ meaning.( )A. thematicB. associativeC. peripheralD. conceptual6．Which of the following statements is false?( )A. English is a language governed by strict rules and regulations.B. English speakers enjoy more freedom when speaking or writing in English than Chinese people.C. English grammatical markers are obligatory items.D. English has more explicit grammatical markers that are used obligatorily than Chinese.7. Religious name Chr“istopher ” means ______ in Chinese. ( )A. 基督信徒B. 基督的仆人C. 克里斯多弗D. 基督的礼物8. “ Oscar ” means ___ ___inChinese. )A. 奥斯卡B. 天赐之盾C. 天赐之矛D. 天赐之剑9. “ Good-bye ” is derived from the expression ( )A. Good luck for you.B. God bless you.C. God be with you.D. Looking forward to seeing you again.10. When offering another person to be the first in going through a door getting in a car, the normal expression is ( )A. After you.B. You go first, please.C. Would you like to go first?D. Can you go first, please?11．“ To kick the bucket ” is often associated with ( )A. to get into a temper.B. to die.C. to have bad luck.D. to be impeded.12．“ Put your foot in your mouth ” means( )A. shut up your mouth.B. you know everything about yourself.C. you cause embarrassment by saying something.D. what you say are nonsense.13．“ To ride one 's high horse” means( )A. to be energetic.B. to be haughty.C. to be buoyant.D. to be optimistic.14．“ To know something like the palm of one ' s hand” means ( )A. to understand the nature of something and be competent in the performance of them.B. to understand everything without any questions.C. to understand only something easy.D. to be thoroughly familiar with the nature and details of something.15．“ A Pandora' s box” , derived from the box sent by the Gods to Pandora, refers to a present or something( )A. which brings happiness looks ugly.B. which seems valuable but brings misfortune.C. which can create anything its owner wants.D. which a bride traditionally gives to a bridegroom.16.“All this paper has in it are raw facts, half-baked ideas, and warmed-over commodities ” illustrates the metaphor that( )A. ideas are food.B. ideas are commodities.C. ideas are products.D. ideas are fashions.17. “ I could feel the electricity between us ” is a metaphorical expressio) n about (A. love is a physical force.B. love is madness.C. love is magic.D. love is a patient.18. “A white Christmas ” refers to( )A. snow at Christmas time.B. purity at Christmas time.C. innocence at Christmas time.D. nothing done at Christmas time.19. “A black sheep ” refers to( )A. that member (of a family or other groups) who is thought to be a disgrace to other members.B. that member (of a family or other groups) who is thought to bring bad fortune to other members.C. that member (of a family or other groups) who is thought to bring victory to other members.D. that member (of a family or other groups) who is thought to bring money to other members. 20. “Blue blood ” means( ) A. humble lineage. B. courageous personality.C. timid personality.21．“I'd love to join in. Only I donD. aristocratic lineage.'t know how to play. ” demonstrates ________ relation between the twosentences.( )A. a causalB. a temporalC. an adversativeD. an additive22．The word in American English for “pyjamas” is“ pajamas” , meaning _____ in Chinese.( )A. 侏儒B. 金字塔C. 睡衣D. 预感23. Verbal language requires the use of only one sensory modality: hearing, whereas nonverbal communication requires at least three other sensory modalities: seeing, touching and( )A. smiling.B. smelling.C. talking.n . Gap-filling (10%)D. gesturing.Directions: Each of the following statements has an underlined space. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. 1. The fact that no logical connection is found between “ tablean”d the object which it refers to proves that language is . 2．______ r efers to skimming across water on skis while being towed by a motorboat.3. The word in American English for “fall ” is _________________ .4．The word endings such as“ -s” ,“-ed” ,“ -ing ” and“ -er” are called __ morphemes.5．______ r elations refer to constructions whose components are linked through the use of conjunctions.6．“ Falling in love with somebody on the first occasion of seeing ” refers to an English idiom “ _____ ” .7．_______ refers to a captivating man known as a great lover or seducer of women.8．A _____ is a lie that does no harm and is merely more convenient or polite than telling the truth.9．______ i s an euphemism for “ ugly ” .10．At the textual level, _____ relations are observed more frequently in English than in Chinese.III. Define the following terms (20%)1．Idiom2．Honorifics3．Coherence and cohesion4．Nonverbal communicationIV. Translation (16%)1．Puritan2．To split one's sides with laughter3．Blue alert4．Man proposes, God disposes.5．乔迁喜宴6．蝼蚁之穴能溃千里之堤。
2021年自考《语言与文化》习题及答案
2021年自考《语言与文化》习题及答案第一部分选择题I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%)1. In its broad sense culture is. ( )A. whatever distinguishes one nation from all the other nationsB. the attributes of manC. life way of a populationD. intellectual or academic development and artist creation become secondary2. Language is_________, which means that speech is the primary medium of languageA. arbitraryB. vocalC. symbolicD. human specific3. Word______________frequently appears together with "boy", "man", "vessel" or "airliner" ( )A. beautifulB. niceC. prettyD. handsome4. Word "get" is derived from____________. ( )A. Old NorseB. LatinC. FrenchD. Germany5. _________is the name given to a young man or young woman who rejects authority, existing institution and conventional attitudes towards morality, style of dress, etc. ( )A. DukeB. CowboyC. HippieD. Knight6. In English culture, "White" connotes_____________________. ( )A. deathB. longevityC. immaturityD. innocence7. The metaphorical expression "she cast her spell over me" illustrated that ( )A. love is magicB. love is warC. love is a physical forceD. love is patient8. "Even reckoning makes long friends." is a proverb that related to ( )A. the history of EnglandB. the English writing systemC. individualismD. English literature9. "To cause one to feel fear, loathing, aversion, nervous anxiety" is synonymous to___________. ( )A. "to make a face"B. "to make one’s flesh creep"C. "to make a cat laugh"D. "to make bricks without straw"10. "A proud of flesh" is derived from Shakespeare' s______________. ( )A. Romeo and JulietB. Anthony and CleopatraC. The Merchant of VeniceD. King Lear11. "The old Adam" is an allusion from______________________. ( )A. literatureB. religionC. mythologyD. history12. "To kick off”is derived from______________. ( )A. boxingB. American footballC. soccerD. baseball13. "Friday" is named after Freya, _____________. ( )A. goddess of musicB. goddess of warC. goddess of oceanD. goddess of heaven14. A___________is an implied comparison between two or more unlike things. ( )A. similesB. metaphorsC. associationsD. tenor15. "There are too many facts here for me to digest them all." is a metaphorical expression about ideas, which are___________ ( )A. FoodB. commoditiesC. productsD. plants16. A blackleg is a person who_______________________. ( )A. accepts work in place of strikersB. is a scoundrelC. is a member of a secret organization of Italian criminals and blackmailers which operated in the U.S.D. is a traitor17.The English equivalent for "贱内" is__________. ( )A. my husbandB. my wifeC. my sonD. my daughter18. One’s oral speech is always interpreted in relation to__________that accompanies his speech. ( )A. oral languageB. written languageC. body languageD. verbal language19. The first successful British colony was founded in______________, Virginia, in 1607. ( )A. PlymouthB. JamestownC. New HampshireD. New York20. Some nonverbal messages are consistent with accompanying verbal message, which is the __________ function of nonverbal message. ( )A. complementingB. contradictingC. RegulatingD. accentingII. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully anddecide which alternative can complete the statement .There might be more than one correct answer (10%)21. The relationship between language, culture and thought is that ( )A. they are three parts of a wholeB. language is determined by culture while culture is determined by thoughtC. each of them can operate independentlyD. the three aspects interact, each influencing and shaping the other two22. The word (words)______________is (are) connected with history. ( )A. scalpB. lynchC. reformationD. bible23. The most common English replies to thank are_____________. ( )A. It is nothingB. It is my dutyC. Not at allD. It is my pleasure24. When English speaking people part, they usually say___________. ( )A. Good- byeB. It’s mice to meet youC. See you tomorrowD. So long25. are the proverbs, which are related to Greco - Roman civilization. ( )A. Marry in May, repent alwaysB. Bacchus hath drowned more me than NeptuneC. Homer sometimes nodsD. Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven26. "A purple passage" refers to an extremely ornate portion in______. ( )A. musicB. a literacy workC. paintingD. architecture27. The euphemisms for the expression "backward countries" are________. ( )A. underdeveloped countriesB. developed countriesC. developing countriesD. poor countries28. In each of the following stretches of English, there is a textual connective which is underlined. Words__________ indicate the adversative relation between the adjoining sentences. ( )A. You aren't leaving, are you? Because I've got something to say to youB. I’d love to join in. Only I don’t know how to playC. He showed no pleasure at hearing the news. Instead he looked even gloomierD. All the figures were correct; they’d been checked. Yet the total came out wrong29. Generally speaking, the main function of English newspaper reporting is____. ( )A. to cheat the readerB. to advise the readerC. to inform the readerD. to amuse the reader30. The basic facial management techniques are________________. ( )A. intensifyingB. deintensifyingC. neutralizingD. masking第二部分非选择题III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (12%)31. Language is the____________of cultural information.32. __________is the communicative value an expression has in addition to the purely conceptual meaning.33. "_________" interpreted as "freedom from undesirable intrusions" and regarded as a human right.34. _______________are the smallest units of meaning.35. You are a student of English. If you are complimented on your English, you may say___________.36. If the person calling is a stranger, the person who answers the phone normally asks,________________.37. The English proverbial equivalent for "对牛弹琴" is_______________.38. "Every wise man breadth his enemy" is derived from______________by Geoffrey Chaucer.39. In English blue is usually associated with___________.40. _____________are frequently used in mass media about political, socioeconomic affairs and international relations to avoid the unpleasantness of some terms or expressions.41. ____________refers to reasoning from the general to the particular or reasoning in which the conclusion about particulars follows necessarily from the general or universal promises.42. Meaning is conveyed not only by words or verbal language but also by______.IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)43. Is there any contrast between the Western people and the Chinese people as far as thought is concerned?44.What conceptual difference is there between " 药店" and "drugstore"?45. What is the difference between "to make a face" and its equivalent "做个鬼脸" in Chinese?46. How would you explain the statement that the Chinese narrative and descriptive writing is often more ornate or flowery than English one?47. What are the five categories of gesture?48. Why is time so important to our lives?V. Translation. {16%}A. Translate the following into Chinese. (8 %)49. Any port in a storm.50. One fails into Scylla in seeking to avoid Charybdis.51. Man proposes, God disposes.52. The money after your own father.B. Translate the following into English. (8 %)53.衙门自古朝南开，有理无钱莫进来。
浙江省1月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题及答案解析历年试卷及答案解析
浙江省2018年1月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838第一部分选择题I.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement (20%).1.The medium of verbal interaction is ( ).A. languageB. thoughtC. cultureD. knowledge2.( )is the first week day after Christmas, a legal holiday in English, Wales, Northern Ireland,New Zealand, Australia and South Africa.A. Thanksgiving DayB. Boxing DayC. St. Valentine's DayD. Anzac Day3.“( )”is the general introduction rule in English culture.A. To introduce the older to the youngerB. To introduce the host to the guestC. To introduce the inferior to the superiorD. To introduce a woman to a man4.( )is a very wise man, the king of the Hebrews around the tenth century B.C. and was well-known for his wisdom.A. A SolomonB. The old AdamC. A JudasD. Jesus5.The Bible was originally written in ( ).A. LatinB. EnglishC. HebrewD. Arabic6.“He ran out of ideas”illustrates the metaphor that “( )”.A. Ideas are commoditiesB. Ideas are moneyC. Ideas are fashionD. Ideas are resources7.( )becomes an “underachiever”in English euphemisms related to education.A. A “slow student”B. The student who “cheats in class”C. The student, who lie or stealD. A “lazy student”8.( )refers to drawing a general conclusion from a number of known facts.A. DeductionB. InductionC. DirectnessD. Indirectness9.“The weather cleared just as the party approached the summit. Until then they had seen nothingof the panorama around them”demonstrates ( ) relation between the two sentences.A. an additiveB. an adversativeC. a casualD. a temporal10.The proverb “Each cross hath its own inscription”is related to( ).A. the history of EnglandB. individualismC. ChristianityD. Bible11.The distance zone ranging from 8 feet to the limits of one's vision and hearing is referred to as the ( ) zone.A. intimateB. casual-personalC. socio-consultativeD. public12.“Crossing one's forefinger and middle finger”signifies ( ) in English speaking countries.A. good luckB. SadnessC. respectsD. secrecy13.In American English “Totem”is a loan word from ( ), meaning “图腾”in Chinese.A. DutchB. Indian languageC. GermanD. French14.The word in American English for “pyjamas”is “pajamas”, meaning ( ) in Chinese.A.侏儒B.金字塔C.睡衣D.预感15.“( )”can be an example to illustrate the feature floor by way of staircase.A. Would you mind going upstairs right away, please?B. Time you all go upstairs, now.C. Visitors should go up the stairs at once.D. Visitors should make their way at once to the upper floor by way of staircase.16.In business English “in the black”means( )A. running a business with no moneyB. running a business with bad fortuneC. running a business profitablyD. running a business at a loss17.“She drives me out of my mind”illustrates the metaphor about ( ).A. love is madnessB. love is warC. love is magicD. love is a patient18.In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without a good reason andmaking appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is best reflected by an English proverb ( ).A.an Englishman's house is his castleB. as welcome as a stormC. do not wear out your welcomeD. outstay one's welcome19.“To know something like the palm of one's hand”means( ).A. to understand the nature of something and be competent in the performance of themB. to understand everything without any questionC. to understand only something easyD. to be thoroughly familiar with the nature and details of something20.“Alexander”means ( ) in Chinese.A. 勇敢B. 人类的保护者C. 亚力山大D. 统帅II.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternative can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer (10%)21.The relationships between language and thought are ( ).A.Thought is communicated in languageB. Language represents thoughtC. Language is influenced and shaped by thoughtD. Without language, thought can't be communicated22.When English speakers part they usually say: “( )”.A. So longB. Stay here pleaseC. Walk well, pleaseD. See you later23.In the following proverbs, ( ) are related to Greco－Roman civilizationA. Marry in May, repent alwaysB. From his foot, you may know HerculesC. Each cross hath its own inscriptionD. One falls into Scylla in seeking to avoid Charybdis24.People's ( ) are topics that are considered by English speakers too personal to talk about.A. ageB. punctuationC. political and religious beliefsD. marriage25.In Chinese culture, ( ) are often used as brand names.A. personal names of historical figuresB. plant namesC. flower namesD. place names26.In English ( ) are derivational morphemesA. all the prefixesB. all the suffixesC. those suffixes that don't represent the grammatical categoriesD. those word endings represented the grammatical categories27.In English culture “young”is often associated with ( ).A. flexibleB. VigorousC. creativeD. inexperienced28.In English culture people often ( ).A. put the more important information before the less oneB. put the less important information before the more oneC. put the more specific information before the less oneD. put the less specific information before the more one29.( ) illustrate(s) the metaphor that love is physical force.A. They are attracted to each otherB. His whole life revolves around herC. The atmosphere around him is always changedD. There is incredible energy in their relationship30.In black and white means ( )A. something in writingB. something in printC. something absolutely wrong or rightD. something very distinctive第二部分非选择题III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (12%)31. is the supreme legislative body of the U.K. It comprises the sovereign, the House ofLords and the House of Commons.32.Branching sentence patterns are preferred in English, while are preferred inChinese.33. “A white room”means “”in Chinese.34.“Nike”, which is in Greek mythology, is a brand name of a kind of sports shoes.35.The euphemisms for the word “”are “needy”, “underprivileged”and “disadvantaged”.36. “Surprise attacks”against an enemy have now become as an euphemism.37.The English equivalent for “对学生进行填鸭式教育”is .38. “Knowledge is power”is from the great British thinker .39.It's quite common for English speaking friends to pay respectively for what they have had in a restaurant. There is an English proverb related to it .40.The subjunctive is typically represented by “should”and a verb in its form.41.The direct English speaker prefers the word order in which the head precedes the or the main clause precedes the subordinate clause.42.The word in American English for “booking office”is .IV.Answer the following questions briefly.(12%)43. What are the differences between “similes”and “metaphors”?44. How do English speakers respond to thanks?45. Where is the prefix “micro”from?46. And what is racist language? Can you cite some examples?47. What is “Chauvinism”about?48. What is the general rule for introduction in English culture?V.Translation (16%)49. Besides football, the most popular games in the United States are baseball and basketball.50. He breathed his last and was buried in the churchyard.51.That idea went out of style years ago.52. That young man is a bear at mathematics.53. Even reckoning makes long friends.54. 请赐教。
2024年4月高等教育自学考试《00541语言学概论》试题附参考答案
2024年4月高等教育自学考试语言学概论试题课程代码:005411.请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
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1.方言之间的差异主要体现在A.语法方面B.语音方面C.语汇方面D.语义方面2认为不同的语言就有不同的思维方式的观点被称作A.语言相关论B.语言能力论C.语言反应论D.语言认知论3.下面各项属于传统“小学”的是A.音韵学B.音响学C.音位学D.音律学4.下面各词中借自佛经的是A.苜蓿B.罗汉C.蛮夷D.大戎5.语言本质上是一种A.个人现象B.社会现象C.物理现象D.天然现象6.掌管人的语言和抽象思维活动的是大脑的A.脑桥B.右半球C.左半球D.右半球的某些部位7.“三好”“环保”属于A.惯用语B.专有名词C.成语D.简缩词语8.下面各项中具有排他性特征的是A.隐语B.隐含C.隐喻D.影射9.“书包”这个词的能指是A.“书包”这两个字B.“书包”的意思C.“书包”的声音D.“书包”的用法10.把“You are a lucky dog”译为“你是一条幸运狗”属于A.语汇平面翻译B.句法平面翻译C.语义平面翻译D.语境平面翻译11.“犬子”是一种A.自称B.面称C.厌称D.谦称12.下面各项中属于礼貌原则的是A.质量和数量B.相关和负责C.得体和慷慨D.理解和赞同13.下面语言属于孤立语的是A.日语B.汉语C.英语D.维吾尔语14.不同行业的“行话”属于A.地域方言B.社会方言C.亲属语言D.混合语言15.汉族过年时“福”字倒贴，称“福倒(到)了”，这是一种A.反说话B.避讳话C.吉祥话D.惯用话16.下面方言属于北方方言的是A.长沙话B.武汉话C.南昌话D.上海话17.用概念、判断和推理等复杂逻辑形式进行的思维活动是A.发散思维B.表象思维C.抽象思维D.感性思维18.下面辅音中属于擦音的是A.[f]B.[t]C.[b]D.[m]19.一个民族的全体或部分成员放弃使用本民族语言转而使用另一民族语言的现象叫A.语言混合B.语言转用C.克里奥尔D.双语现象20.能听懂别人说话但基本不能看懂文字表达的意思，这样的语言障碍是A.失忆症B.失写症C.失话症D.失读症非选择题部分注意事项:用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上。
10月全国语言与文化自考试题及答案解析
全国2019年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838第一部分选择题（共30分）I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read eachstatement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%)1.A cold dish of raw vegetables with a dressing is called _____.A. hamburgerB. sandwichC. saladD. pudding2.All languages have _____ terms and distinguish at least three characteristics in relatives.A. generationB. subtleC. complicatedD. kinship3.English speakers are direct people who tend to _____.A. locate peripheral meaning before central meaningB. locate central meaning before central meaningC. locate the modified after the modifierD. think holistically4.In English all the prefixes are _____ morphemes.A. inflectionalB. grammaticalC. derivationalD. implicit5.Which of the following statements is not true?A. English speakers have a relatively small range of possibilities to select from when naming theirnewly born babies.B. English surnames are more distinctive than given names.C. English given names are more distinctive than surnames.D. Names include given names, surnames, full names and nicknames or pet names.6.If an English speaker refuses the compliment which merely comes out of politeness, he may say _____.A.“Do you really think so?”B.“Oh, I wish it could be true.”C.“Oh, you are too polite.”D.“No, I don’t think so.”7.“To make a cat laugh”means _____.A. to be comicB. to be tragicC. to be proudD. to be serious8.The English equivalent for “前车之覆，后车之鉴”can be “_____”.A. Rats desert a sinking shipB.A small leak will sink a great shipC. He that would sail without danger must never come on the main sea1D. Let another’s shipwreck be your seamark9.“Green”connotes _____ in English culture.A. ProsperityB. immaturityC. longevityD. sincerity10.“Brown paper”corresponds to _____.A.棕色纸B.秘密文件C.揭露社会黑暗的报纸D.牛皮纸11.The English equivalent for “空袭紧急警报”is _____.A. blue alertB. white alertC. red alertD. black alert12.“Sanitary engineer”is the euphemistic expression for “_____”.A. garbage collectorB. cleanerC. plumberD. gardener13.“敬请指正”can be treated as the Chinese equivalent of “_____”in English.A. I’d like to have your comments.B. Will you please point out my errors?C. I’d like to have errors correctedD. I’ll gratefully expect your comments.14.When the speaker or writer discusses many things indirectly related to the central idea of thetext and /or to each other he or she develops the text in a(n) _____ fashion.A .linear B. spiralC. inductiveD. deductive15.The most striking phonetic difference between American and British English is thepronunciation of _____ in words.A. rB. aC. whD. er16.The first _____ made in 449 B.C. had strong impact on the laws made later in most Europeancountries.A. Roman lawB. Napoleonic CodeC. French lawD. British law17.The distance zone ranging from 4 inches to about 8 feet is referred so as the _____ zone.A. publicB. intimateC. socio-consultativeD. casual-personal18.Raising one’s open hand with palm down to one’s throat means “_____”in English culture.A. Shame on youB. I’m fullC. Kill yourselfD. You’re shorter than I19.In proxemics scholars are particularly interested in the _____ between interlocutors ininterpersonal communication.A. relative rightsB. relationshipC. distanceD. relative obligation20.The brand name _____ is neutral or positive in meaning in Chinese culture but pejorative inEnglish culture?2A.青岛啤酒B.白象牌电池C.泸洲老窖D.菊花电扇II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer.(10%)21._____ are some important properties of language.A. UnsystematicB. Human specificC. VocalD. A set of symbols22.In the expression “to meet one’s Waterloo”,the word “Waterloo”alludes to _____.A. a great victoryB. an achievementC. a final defeatD. a difficult or obstacle23.The English brand names _____ are coinages.A. TraneB. PlaytexC. PierreD. Cartan24.The word “woman”can be defined conceptually as _____.A. an adult femaleB. prone to tearsC. long hair wearingD. biped25.“Purple”in English culture is often associated with _____.A. high rank or stationB. low rank or stationC. imperial or royal rankD. something best26._____ are usually taboo topics in conversations between strangers in English culutre.A. Age and incomeB. Love and marriageC. Political and religious beliefsD. Personal opinions about daily affairs27._____ is onomatopoeic words.A. SquealB. MurmurC. RushD. Click28.When you respond to the compliment “You look very nice in this dress”,you should say“_____”.A. Thank you.B. No, I don’t think so at all.C. Do you really think so? I was not sure whether it suits me.D. It’s very kind of you to say so.29._____ serve the function of substitution.A. Saying louder than usual to emphasize a verbal messageB. Pausing before saying something importantC. Waving goodbyeD. Beckoning another person to come30.A “slow”student may be euphemistically referred to as “_____”.A. a mentally retarded student3B. one who is working at his/her own levelC. one who can do better work with helpD. a problem student第二部分非选择题(共70分)III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression.(12%)31.The invisible, portable space that surrounds us is referred to as _____ space.32._____ thinking interacts with English, while holistic thinking interacts with Chinese.33.“Pay one’s debt to nature”is the euphemism for _____.34.The English equivalent of “寒舍”is _____.35.In an English paragraph the sentence representing the central idea is referred to as _____ andoften located at the initial part of the paragraph.36.It is safe to say that Chinese advertising as a whole tends to be more _____ than Englishadvertising.37.Since language represents thought, it is _____ by thought.38.It is generally true that an English word may represent a _____ or associative meaning differentfrom that of its translation equivalent in Chinese.39.The English functional equivalent for “敬请光临”is _____.40.The English proverbial equivalent for “金无足赤，人无完人”is _____.41.The English expression _____ is equivalent to “秃子头上的虱子——明摆着”in China.42._____ refers to a kind of journalism with heavy emphasis on scandals, or resenting ordinarynews in a sensational manner.IV. Answer the following questions briefly:(12%)43.What is the English equivalent for “黑信”?44.What is the British equivalent for the American word “raincoat”?45.What is the major difference between English and Chinese descriptive texts in style?46.Why is it said that English is a hypotactic language and Chinese is a paratactic language?47.How hitchhiking is symbolized in English culture?48.What cross-cultural contrasts can you find between English and Chinese titles in vocatives?V. Translation:(16%)49.He breathed his last during the night.50.Those born to the purple are destined to live in the public eye.51.The greatest artist of the first half of this century has long last gone the way of all flesh.52.A rose by any other name would smell as sweet.53.为金钱而侍奉上帝的人会为更多的报酬服侍魔鬼。
浙江7月自考语言与文化试题及答案解析
浙江省 2018 年 7 月自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码： 10058Ⅰ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement(20%).1.The relationship between language and culture is that _____.A. language determines cultureB. culture determines languageC. language and culture are parallelD. language and culture interact2.Body language normally includes ______.A.gesturesB.gestures, facial expression, distance held between interlocutorsC.facial expressionD.distance held between interlocutors3.While “handsome woman ” and“pretty woman” are both acceptable, they suggest different kinds of attractiveness because of the ______ associations of these two objectives.A. collocativeB. affectiveC. connotativeD. thematic4.Trinity refers to union in one Godhead of three persons, Father, Son and ______A. PuritanB. GodC. Holy ghostD. Ghost5.A hot, freshly cooked sausage sandwiched in a split roll of bread is.A. hot dogB. sandwichC. hamburgerD. pudding6.Facilities where people get served without having to leave their cars called ______.A. drive-insB. motelsC. dinnersD. hotels7.A game played on horseback by two teams of 3 or 4 players is called ______.A. poloB. hockeyC. golfD. rugby8.Donkeywork conveys the similar meaning in Chinese ______.A. 让驴干的活B.不是驴干的活C.苦役D.笨活9.Deductive argumentation has been related to ______A. the linear thinking patternB. the branching thinking patternC. deductive reasoningD. direct sentence10.“ Lily ” means ______ in Chinese.A. 莉莉B. 百合C.石南花D. 牡丹11.“Edgar” means ______ in Chinese.A. 华美的矛B. 埃德加C.武器之王D. 矛之王12.In English speaking countries you usually introduce ______, not the other way round.A. a woman to a manB. a man to a womanC. an old man to a young womanD. an old woman to an young man13.English speakers usually give small gifts to ______ on his or her birthday.A. a new acquaintanceB. a good friendC. a public servantD. a casual friend14.If you are looking forward to something, you ______.A. expect it to happenB. make some progressC. dislike itD. are afraid of it15.English idiom “ look at ” corresponds in meaning to ______ from Latin.A. inspectB. watchC. respectD. read16.“ My knee only hurts when I dance, that because’s I have two left feet” .The last sentence means ______.A. that ’s because I have to be independentB. that ’s because I have recovered after an illnessC. that’s because I dance swiftlyD. that ’s because I am too clumsy17.“ A big fish in a small pond” means ______.A. 小池塘养大鱼B. 鸡窝里飞出金凤凰C.人小干大事D. 鹤立鸡群18.“ To keep one’s own company ” means ______.A. not mixed with others in a friendly or social wayB. to be independentC. to be selfishD. to be egocentric19.“ Let me put in my two cent ’s worth ” means ______A. let me speakB. let me sleepC. let me readD. let me laugh20.“ A green Christmas ” refers to ______.A. a Christmas with vigor and energyB. a Christmas full of jealousyC. a Christmas without snowD. a Christmas with fruit and vegetablesⅡ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternative can complete the statement. There might be more than one to four correct answers.(10%)1.Words positive in meaning in English but pejorative or neutral in Chinese are ______.A. aggressiveB. self-made manC. individaualismD. equlitarianism or egalitarianism2.“ Attain ” ,“ acquire” ,and “obtain ” came from ______.A. FrenchB. English originC. Old NorseD. Latin3.There is truth in that ______.A. in Chinese we do have to use explicit formal markers to convey the passive meaning.B. implicit passive sentences are used frequently in Chinese.C. the obligatory explicit grammatical markers are larger in number in English than in ChineseD. the obligatory explicit grammatical markers are used more frequently in English than in Chinese4.It is quite common for students to call their professor ______.A. RobertB. Professor HarrisonC. Robert HarrisonD. Professor Robert5.Normally English people give small gifts to ______ at Christmas.A. good friendsB. their childrenC. casual acquaintancesD. public servants6.“ To knock out ” means ______.A. to make unconsciousB. to finish somethingC. to make inoperativeD. to make useless7.______illustrate(s)the metaphor that life is a gambling game.A. The odds are against meB. He is a real loserC. I ’m charmed by herD. She is besieged by suitors8.The red color is usually associated with ______.A. celebrationsB. communismC. certain emotions such as anger, shynessD. blood shedding9.______is (are) taboo(s)in either English or Chinese.A. Swear wordsB. Profane oathsC. Obscene wordsD. Privacy10.Deductive refers to ______.A. reasoning from the general to the particularB. reasoning from the particular to the generalC. the main thesis preceding the supporting informationD. the supporting information preceding the main thesisⅢ.Each of the following statements has an underlined space. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression(12%).1.______is the supreme legislative body of the U.K.2.A dark-leaved evergreen plant whose white or purple flower blossom during winter months is called ______.3.A sweet dish typically composed of fruit and flour and fat, boiled or steamed, or of fruit baked with pastry is called ______.4.Staring,or gazing, in Chinese culture, shows one ’s curiosity while in English culture,is considered impolite and ______.5.The Chinese equivalent for“ Lover” is ______.6.The word in American English for“ mackintosh is ______.7.The word in American English for“ timetable” is ______.8.The word in British English for“firecracker” is ______.9.______means a cattle herder on a ranch, especially, one who works on horseback.10.______relations refer to constructions whose components are linked in meaning through the use of conjunctions.11.The English equivalent for“人不犯我，我不犯人”is ______.12.______refers to paradise, derived from the garden in which Adam and Eve lived.Ⅳ.Answer the following questions briefly.(12%)1.What ’s the difference between “ spiritual ” and “精神” in relation to their connotative meaning?2.How to translate“ busybody” into Chinese?3.What ’s the English equivalent for“趁热打铁” ?4.Can“李处长” be translated to “Director Li ”?5.What is“ Chauvinism” about?6.How would you explain in relation to culture the metaphorical statement“ He’s as timid as a mouse”?7.What does the euphemistic expression “ involuntarily leisured ” mean?8.What are the American English equivalents for“ cellar” and“ pail” ?9.What are the British English equivalents for“one-way ticked” and“ round-trip” ticket?10.From which language is the word“chowder” borrowed? What does it mean in Chinese?11.What does “ a Judas” allude to?12.Who created the victory gesture?Ⅴ .Translation(16%)A: Translate the following into Chinese(8%)1.Don ’twear out your welcome2.Wine and wenches empty men ’s purses3.Not to mince one ’s words4.Man proposes, God disposesB: Translate the following into English(8%)5.黄道吉日6.潘朵拉盒子7.白金8.为避虎穴，落人狼窝Ⅵ .Define the following terms(10%)1.terms of humility2.inductive argumentation3.primary territory4.the Australian timeⅦ .Discuss the following topics.(20%)1.List several proverbs to discuss individualism in English culture.2.What differences are there in eye behaviors between English and Chinese nonverbal communication systems?。
最新10月全国自学考试语言与文化试题及答案解析
全国2018年10月自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and thefour alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%)1. “A Chauvinist pig” refers to a person who believes that women are ______.( )A. prone to tearsB. sociableC. frailD. inferior2. A hot, freshly cooked sausage sandwiched in a split roll of bread is called ______.( )A. hamburgerB. sandwichC. hot dogD. pudding3. Language is ______.( )A. the product of the human brainB. rule governedC. independent of cultureD. the result of social institutions4. Language is used for communication in that communication is the ____ function of language.( )A. primaryB. peripheralC. mediumD. personal5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?( )A. English is a language with explicit grammar and Chinese is a language with implicit grammar.B. Compared with Chinese, English has more grammatical morphemes that are used more frequently in either speech or writing.C. Chinese has no grammatical morphemes.D. Grammatical explicitness and consistency are required in English.6. English is the language which ______.( )A. demonstrates more hypotactic relations than Chinese doesB. demonstrates more paratactic relations than Chinese doesC. demonstrates only hypotactic relationsD. only relies on conjunctions for sentence construction7. ____ can be used as a title for an English woman whose marital status is unknown or is not indicated.( )A. Mrs.B. Ms.C. MissD. Madam8. “To kick the bucket” means“to _____ ” ( )A. dieB. workC. playD. study9. “Marry in May, repent always.” is related to ______.( )A. geographyB. ChristianityC. individualismD. Greco-Roman civilization10. “A Cleopatra” is an allusion from______.( )A. mythologyB. religionC. literatureD. sports11. A simile is a direct _____ between two or more unlike thing s, normally introduced by “like” or “as”.( )A. meaningB. comparisonC. linkD. way12. Terms of colours can be used either literally to refer to different colours or metaphorically to convey their ______ meanings.( )A. directB. impliedC. associativeD. comparative13. ______ are pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words or expressions used to mask harsh, rude or infamous truths.( )A. Terms of humilityB. HonourificsC. Similes and metaphorsD. Euphemisms14. Honourifics are used to show respect to one’s interlocutors and persons mentioned in conversations, while ______ are used to show the speaker’s modesty.( )A. honourificsB. complimentsC. terms of humilityD. euphemisms15. The term “text” refers to any piece of spoken or writte n language, which expresses a(n) ______ meaning.( )A. completeB. incompleteC. regularD. irregular16. A: Do you mind my smoking here ?( )B: This is non-smoking area.There is ______between the above two sentences.A. logicB. lexicalC. cohesionD. coherence17. Which of the following words is a coinage, which is often used in the advertisements or brand names?( )A. homelyB. packageC. smoothnessD. home office18. The Chinese meaning of “Mars” is ______ .( )A. 水星B. 金星C. 火星D.木星19. What does punctuality mean to Americans and Englishmen?( )A. in timeB. on time if not a little beforeC. a couple of minutes lateD. half an hour late20. ______ communication is communication without words.( )A. ActionB. GesturesC. VerbalD. NonverbalII. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. Affective meaning is communicated when ______ are expressed directly or indirectly in language.( )A. communicative valuesB. attitudesC. feelingsD. referential meanings22. Many English words refer to the historical aspects of English culture, such as ______.( ) A. reformation B. lynchC. cocktailD. scalp23. Which of the following statements is right?( )A. Hypotactic language is unambiguous and paratactic language is ambiguous.B. Hypotactic language like English relies on conjunctions for sentence construction.C. Paratactic language like Chinese never relies on conjunctions for sentence construction.D. Hypotactic and paratactic relations can be found in both English and Chinese.24. “ ______ ”is an appropriate reply to an expression of gratitude.( )A. Don’t mention itB. Don’t say thatC. It’s my pleasureD. It’s my duty25. ______ is an allusion from a historical event.( )A. NewcastleB. MarathonC. WaterlooD. Paris26. In English, green is usually associated with ______.( )A. jealousyB. lacking experienceC. authoritative permissionD. profit27. In English, we can use such euphemisms as ______ for “die”.( )A. “go”B. “depart”C. “go to a better world”D. “go the way of all flesh”28. The logical relationships between adjoining sentences can be classified into ______. ( )A. additiveB. adversativeC. causalD. temporal29. A news report normally consists of ______.( )A. a headlineB. a leadC. a subtitleD. a story30. Thumbing one’s nose is used to show one’s ______.( )A. defianceB. greeting othersC. arousing other’s interestD. contemptIII. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)31. Language is the carrier and ______ of culture.32. Each culture develops a particular way of ______ favoured by a particular population.33. The prefix “super-” and suffices “-logy”, “-ics” are all from______.34. ______ is used to talk about a person or event that attracts a lot of notice and is the subject of much talk for a short time but is soon forgotten.35. If the person calling is a stranger and does not tell who he or she is, English speakers normally ask“ ______ ”36. Which of the following words in the sentence “There are too many facts here for me to digest them all”is a metaphor?______37. In English a developing country is used to refer to a poor country. Here a developing country is a______.38. A: Are you from China?B: Yes, I am.The sentences in the above dialogue are connected by both grammatical and lexical means, so we say that they exhibit ______.39. In American English, the letters “er” in the word “clerk” are pronounced as______.40. “ ______ ”is signified by moving several times the hand whose forefinger touches one’s own cheek.IV. Answer the following questions briefly.(12%)41. Could you say something about the language features of English advertising?42. How is nonverbal communication related to culture?43. What does abstract thinking refer to?44. How would you explain the fact that “greenhouse”and its equivalent in Chinese “温室”are formed differently?V. Translation.(18%)45．趁热打铁。
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绝密★考试结束前全国2013年10月高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代码：00838请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题部分注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。
2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在试题卷上。
I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement and blacken your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(20%)1. Language is vocal. This statement means that the primary medium of language is _____.A. writingB. speechC. body languageD. native language2. A person who cannot read or write is only an “illiterate”. However,a person who cannot speak is normally regarded as “disabled”. This fa ct shows _____.A. speech existed long before the writing system came into beingB. normal children always learn to speak firstC. speech is more important than writing for people’s daily lifeD. written symbols are designed to represent speech3. “Statesman” and “politician” can both be used to refer to a high gover nment official. “Politician” conveys a derogative meaning while “statesman” does not. In this sense, the two words are mainly distinguished by their _____ meaning.A. conceptualB. connotativeC. socialD. affective4. Which of the following pairs of English expressions and their Chinese equivalents is NOT correct?A. house-warming—房屋供暖B. wall clock—挂钟C. stop watch—跑表D. contact lenses—隐形眼镜5. In which sentence does “it” function only as a grammatical subject and not refer to anything?Sentence 1: It is raining.Sentence 2: It is 9:00 o ’clock.Sentence 3: It is very cold.Sentence 4: It is my book.A. Sentence 1,2B. Sentence 3,4C. Sentence 1,2,3D. Sentence 2,3,46. How many morphemes are there in the word “international”?A.0B.lC.2D.37. You invite your English speaking friend to have dinner in your house. When he compliments that the food is very tasty, your response might be “_____”.A. No, it’s not good at all.B. Thank you. I’m glad you like it.C. You are so nice to say so.D. My cooking is poor.8. “Excuse me” can be used in the following occasions EXCEPT _____.A. when people want to pass in front of othersB. when people want to leave a partyC. when people are a few minutes late for an appointmentD. when people want to excuse themselves from company9. “Red tape” means _____.A. a red cassetteB. the rigid unnecessary official rules and regulationsC. the necessary official rules and regulationsD. a red string10. The English equivalent for “前车之覆，后车之鉴” can be“ _____”.A. rats desert a sinking shipB. a small leak will sink a great shipC. he that would sail without danger must never come on the main seaD. let another’s shipwreck be your seamark11. What does the expression “a blue fit” mean in informal English?A. a girl’s dressB. alarmC. unhappy feelingsD. a sad day12. What is the meaning of “a bear” in “He is a bear at fine arts.”?A. a huge guyB. a wealthy manC. good atD. clumsy13. A Chinese shows respect not only to a superior as his interlocutor. He uses honorifics to refer to his superior no matter whether his superior is present or not. For example, an emperor was called _____ when he was referred to in speeches or letters.A. 殿下B. 皇帝C. 陛下D. 圣上14. Euphemisms are also frequently used in education. If a teacher describes a student as “being able to do better work with help”, he might mean that the student is _____.A. slowB. lazyC. cheating in classD. lying15. The logical relation the sentences below exhibit is _____.－Are your parents coming to the Expo Sites?－Yes, they are.A. coherenceB. cohesionC. connectionD. conduction16. What is the logical relation of the sentences below?“Tickets, please. ” said the conductor. In a moment passengers were holding out their tickets.A. additiveB. adversativeC. causalD. temporal17. Uranium is the god of _____.A. heavens and father of TitansB. the sea, son of Saturn and brother of JupiterC. agriculture and father of JupiterD. the sky and the king of the gods18. In contemporary legal documents _____ are used thinly.A. loan wordsB. adjectivesC. punctuation marksD. long sentences19. Crossing one’s forefinger and middle finger signifies_____ in English speaking countries.A. surpriseB. good luckC. victoryD. frustration20. In proxemics scholars are particularly interested in the _____ between interlocutors in interpersonal communication.A. relative rightsB. relationshipC. distanceD. relative obligationII. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide what alternatives can complete the statement and blacken your answer(s) on the ANSWER SHEET. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)21. Language is not entirely arbitrary. The words which have association with the sounds or the meaning of the compounds are not arbitrary. Which of the following English or Chinese words are NOT created arbitrarily?A. redB. greenhouseC. 钉子D. 叮当22. Affective meaning is communicated when the feelings or attitudes are expressed in language.Which of the following expressions are chiefly used to convey affective meaning?A. My god!B. It’s my book.C. You are a liar.D. You are a student.23. Which of the following words have more than one morpheme?A. beesB. mapC. herD. nicer24. The personal names related to the date of birth are quite popular in China. Which of the following names can reflect such feature?A. 蒋飞扬B.贾元春C. 蔡国庆D.潘长江25. “To ride one’s high horse” means _____.A. to be proudB. to be haughtyC. to be energeticD. to be arrogant26. “Purple” in English culture is often associated with_____.A. high rank or stationB. low rank or stationC. imperial or royal rankD. something best27. Which of the following is the euphemism of “poor”?A. needyB. underprivilegedC. shabbyD. disadvantaged28. In the normal text sentences are connected _____.A. arbitrarilyB. hypotacticallyC. paratacticallyD. randomly29. Regulators, which help us to interact with other people, include _____.A. head-scratchingB. hand gesturesC. lip-bitingD. head nods30. Human beings have a strong sense of territory and their territories can be classified into the following categories _____.A. privateB. publicC. primaryD. secondary非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。