简易晶体管特性曲线图示仪

简易晶体管特性曲线图示仪

摘要

本文主要介绍了简易晶体管特性图示仪的制作原理，内部结构，工作方式。同时在制作的过程中介绍了晶体管的输出特性曲线，555、74LS161、74LS00、LM324集成块的内部管脚排列图，它们所能实现的功能，以及它们在电路中所起的作用。设计中锯齿波是利用555构成的振荡电路来产生的；阶梯波是通过74LS161产生一个计数器来实现的。555产生一个矩形脉冲来控制161的计数，每当555产生的矩形波处于上升沿的时候就能触发161产生一次计数，161产生的数字信号再经过一个74LS00的反向处理进入到数模转换开关当中，从而控制不同电压的相互叠加，最终来实现8个不同幅值的阶越信号，这就是阶梯波。把产生的锯齿波和阶梯波接入被测三极管，从被测三极管的发射极与集电极接出两路信号分别接入示波器，再利用李沙育图形就能观测到晶体管的输出特性曲线。

关键词：锯齿波阶梯波 555 74LS161

SIBMPLE TRANSISTOR CHARACTERISTIC CURVE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION METER

ABSTRACT

This article mainly introduced the simple transistor characteristic graphical representation meter manufacture principle, the internal structure, the work way. Meanwhile introduced in the manufacture process the transistor input level curve, 555, 74LS161, 74LS00, the LM324 integration block internal base pin arrangement chart, they can realize the function, as well as they the role which play in the electric circuit. In the design used 555 with certain resistances, the oscillating circuit which part and so on electric capacity constituted has produced saw-tooth wave. Produces a counter using 74LS161, 161 counts the function is through 555 produces, whenever 555 produces the rectangular wave which a rectangular pulse controls is in the rise along time can trigger 161 to produce time counts, 161 produce the digital signal passes through a 74LS00 reverse processing to enter again to the a/d conversion switch, thus controls the different voltage the mutual superimposition, finally realizes 8 different peak-to-peak values step signals, this is the steps and ladders wave. The saw-tooth wave and the steps and ladders wave which produces receive is measured the triode, passes through was measured the triode the emitter electrode and the collecting electrode two groups signals turn on the oscilloscope separately, again the graph can observe using Li Shayu to the transistor input level curve.

Key words: Steps and ladders wave Saw-tooth wave 555 74LS161

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目录

一引言 (1)

二晶体管图示仪的测试原理 (2)

三晶体管的输出特性曲线 (3)

四锯齿波和阶梯波的产生 (4)

4.1 555的内部结构与工作原理 (4)

4.1.1电路组成 (4)

4.1.2基本功能 (5)

4.2 74LS161的内部结构与工作原理 (5)

4.3 74LS00的内部结构图 (6)

4.4 LM324的内部结构与功能 (6)

4.5锯齿波的产生方法 (7)

4.5.1电路组成 (7)

4.5.2工作原理 (8)

4.6 阶梯波的产生方法 (9)

4.1.1 74LS161的计数原理 (9)

4.1.2数模转换开关 (10)

4.1.3电压叠加产生阶梯信号 (11)

4.1.4 74LS00对信号的反向处理 (12)

4.1.5阶梯波的形成与输出波形 (13)

五李沙育图形观测法 (14)

六三极管的接入与测试 (15)

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七晶体管特性图试仪的调试 (16)

谢辞 .................................. 错误!未定义书签。参考文献 .. (17)

附录 (18)

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