英美概论 考试复习题

The Society & Culture of Major English-speaking Countries

英语国家社会与文化

The UK

1. What are the four nations which make up of the UK?这四个国家是什么构成的

英国吗

England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland

2. The UK maintain links with its former colonial countries through a loose and

voluntary organization called ___________.英国保持联系前殖民国家通过宽松、自愿组织称

British Commonwealth英联邦

3. But more important today to consider modern Britain’s role in its international

relations is to emphasize its role as a member of _____但更重要的是今天考虑现代英国年代作用的国际关系是强调其角色的成员

European Union欧洲联盟，欧盟

4. What are the main religions in the UK? 什么是主要宗教在英国吗

Anglicanism (英国国教), Catholicism天主教；天主教义, Christianism耶稣教；基督教, and others (e.g. Islam).

5. British history has been a history of invasions. Can you list the invaders from

the first to the last? 英国的历史上一直是侵略的历史。你能列举侵略者从第一行到最后一行吗

Rome Empire →Germanic peoples: the Anglo-Saxon →Vikings from northern Europe →Normans from northern France罗马帝国日耳曼人:盎格鲁-萨克逊维京人从北欧诺曼人从法国北部

6. Who were the forefathers of the English?他们的先辈的英语吗

Anglo-Saxon盎格鲁-撒克逊

7. Who is King Arthur? Why do the contemporary English people think of King

Arthur as their hero?谁是亚瑟王呢?为什么当代英国人觉得亚瑟王的英雄吗

A great leader in a English legend derives from the fifth century AD. It is said that

he united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur.

一个伟大的领袖,在英国传说中来自第五世纪广告。据说他在曼联的撒克逊人的英国,

开车回到他的魔法剑,埃克斯卡利伯剑。

8. Who recreated the famous “round table”, and what was the purpose to do it?

他再现了著名的圆桌,目的是什么做的吗

King Arthur. He did it to let his knights to have equal precedence when they held meetings at his castle.亚瑟王。他这样做是为了让他的骑士有相同优先级,当他们在他的城堡举行了会谈。

10. Why is the Monarchy carried out in UK? 为什么英国的君主制进行

(P. 38, P2) The power of the monarchy was largely derived from the ancient

doctrine of the “divine right of kings (君权神授)”. It was held that the sovereign derived his authority from God, not from his subjects (臣民).

(中译本38,P2)电力君主制是很大程度上源自于古代的教条“神权的国王(君权神授)”。这是认为主权派生的权力都来自于上帝,而不是从臣民(臣民)。

11. What is the current government type (政府模式) of the UK?

Both Parliamentary Democracy and Constitutional monarchy

两个议会民主和君主立宪制国家

12. What are the constituent parts of British parliament? 什么是英国议会的组成

部分

The House of Lords, and House of Commons英国上议院和下议院的

13. What are the three major political parties in the UK? 什么是三个主要政党在

英国吗

Labor Party; Conservative Party; Liberal Democrats Party工党,保守党,自由民主党党

14. Which city is the capital city of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland,

respectively? 哪个城市的首都是苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰,分别吗

Scotland –Edinburgh (爱丁堡)

Wales –Cardiff (加的夫)

Northern Ireland - Belfast (贝尔法斯特)

15. What are the three laws which consist of the British constitution? 哪三个是法

律,由英国宪法

Statute law, Common law, and Convention law. 成文法,习惯法,法律和惯例。