形容词作名词修饰语

形容词的主要语法结构之一——作名词修饰语

1）形容词的前置与后置

作为前置修饰词，形容词在名词词组中的位置总是在限定冠词之后，如It was a rainy day.如果有几个属于同一层次的形容词出现在名词中心词之前，通常要用逗号隔开，一般较长的列于最后。如It was a rainy,windy,freezing day.在这样的结构中如出现程度副词，可根据人的意图放置。如It was a rather rainy,windy,freezing day.

如出现不同层次的修饰语时次序如下：限定词—表示说话人的形容词—表示大小形状新旧的形容词—表示颜色的形容词—表示国别来源材料的形容词—表示用途或目的的形容词—名词中心词，如：

the English church

the old English church

the charming old English church

the town’s charming old English church

a well-known German medical school

形容词作后置修饰语，如在由some any no 等构成的合成词之后：Have you read anything interesting lately? I’d like something cheaper.又如当修饰语本身带有不定

式、介词词组等补语成分时，通常后置：Students brave enough to take the course deserve to succeed.

He is a man deserving of sympathy.

2)补语形容词

补语形容词主要有两类：一类是表示健康状况的：He’s very well You look ill

另一类是以前缀a-开首的词：The two brothers are very much alike. I was alone in the house.

He was asleep. Although old, he is very much alive. The sky was aglow with the setting sun

上述带a-的补语形容词不能单独做前置修饰语，如果他们不是单独使用而是带有修饰语，那就可以做前置修饰语了，大多数带a-的形容词都这样。如：

a somewhat afraid soldier the fast asleep child

a really alive student the wide awake patient 3）形容词词组与关系分句

凡能作后置修饰语的形容词或形容词词组，其含义往往相当于一个关系分句。如：

The members present=the members who are present. Anything interesting =anything that is interesting

A problem difficult to solve=a problem that is difficult to solve.