Questionnaire & Interview

Criteria for a Good Questionnaire
Any good questionnaire should at least meet the following two criteria:
(1) Having high internal validity -----The items in the questionnaire must be the variables you really want to investigate. (2)Taking a professional outlook ----A good questionnaire with a professional outlook should solve the following problems: (1) Do not print one question across two pages. (2) Avoid crowding questions together to make the questionnaire look shorter. (3) Using the printing papers of high quality to make reading clear and easy.
A. very pleased D. displeased B. pleased C. neutral E. very displeased
We can put marks before answers, e g. five for A, four for B, three for C, two for D, and one for E. Then the result s of the questionnaire can be quantified.
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• (8) Conducting a pilot study to test the questionnaire
A pilot study is ois tested on a small sample of respondents to detect and overcome potential problems (question content,
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• (6)Determining the order of questions
The following are two tips for us to determine the order of questions: (1) Background information first (2) General questions before specific questions
硕士论文写作与学术规范
(2) Closed questions (封闭式问题 ) There are usually several answers following the question. Subjects are required to select one of the answers . e g. My opinion on present English textbook:
Questionnaire Design Process
• The design of a questionnaire can be described in terms of a series of STEPS that include:
(1) Selecting the modes of administration (administer: hand out or give sth. formally) (2) Specifying what kind of data you intend to collect (3) Determining the way you process the questionnaire data (4) Deciding on the content of individual items (5) Choosing question structure (6) Determining the order of questions (7) Deciding the format of a questionnaire (8) Conducting a pilot study to test the questionnaire
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• (5)Choosing question structure
In this step, one may decide on which kind of question he or she is going to use: Open-ended question ? Or Closed question?
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• (1) Selecting the modes of administration
Mode of administration refers to the way in which questionnaires are distributed to the respondents. There are usually two common modes: (1) by person, which means that questionnaires are distributed to the respondents by an organizer, and (2) by mail, distributed by correspondence.
硕士论文写作与学术规范
Questionnaire & Interview
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• Questionnaire
• Definition of Questionnaire • Types of Questionnaires • Questionnaire Design Process • Criteria for a Good Questionnaire • A Sample of Questionnaire • Interview • Definition of Interview • Types of Interviews • How to Prepare an Interview Guide /Schedule • Interviewing Strategies • A Brief Relationship between Questionnaires and Interviews
What’s your opinion on the present English textbook?
However, such kind of questions cannot be quantified. It can only be used in qualitative research.
wording, sequencing, question difficulty, instructions and format).
One point must be considered that the respondents selected for the pilot study should be similar to those who will be involved in the actual survey.
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• (3) Determining the way you process the questionnaire data
There are usually two ways for us to process the questionnaire data. Firstly, if the basic unit in the data analysis is an individual item, such as describing the frequency of one isolated item, then the questionnaire is called an individual-item-based questionnaire (单个题目问卷) . Such a questionnaire is simple and easy because it has very limited value for its less generalizable results. The second is a category-based questionnaire (类别问 卷). In such a kind of questionnaire, we need to classify items into categories.
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• (4)Deciding on the content of individual items
If a questionnaire is intended to contain several categories, we have to consider (1) whether the items designed cover all the categories and whether each category contains an adequate number of items; (2 ) to read the items within the same category again and again to make sure that all the items logically go together; (3) to check question wording very carefully.
硕士论文写作与学术规范
Questionnaire
Definition of Questionnaire
Questionnaire is a series of questions which a subject is required to answer. It can also be said a document containing a set of questions, which has been specially formulated as a means of collecting information and surveying opinions, etc. on a specified subject or theme, etc.
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• (7) Deciding the format of a questionnaire
Research findings show that questions placed at the top of the page receive more attention than those placed at the bottom. Furthermore, all the questions should be numbered and the way the answers are recorded should be convenient for the respondents.
Types of Questionnaires
• Questionnaire can be divided into two types according to different questions the researcher provides: (1) Open-ended questions (开放式问题) This kind of questions can be answered freely by the subject like
硕士论文写作与学术规范
• (2) Specifying what kind of data you intend
to collect
At the very general level, there are basically five types of information: (1) Experience/behavior; (2) Opinion; (3) Feeling; (4) Knowledge/abilities; (5) Background (e g. birth date, age, gender, marital status).