高中语法复习名词性从句讲义

名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句连词的选择一在从句中充当句子成分连接代词what who whom which（有范围）主宾表定Whatever whoever whomever whichever连接副词when where why how状语Whenever wherever however二在从句中不充当句子成分That 无词义只起连接功能Whether/if 是否as if/though 似乎好像缺什么补什么如果从句缺主语指人用who 指物用what宾语指人用who/whom 指物用what定语常用what/which（有范围）It remained uncertain what side effect the medicine would bring about.表语what Working hard when young makes Jack where he is at present.状语when where why how什么都不缺that whether/if as if/though主语从句That he was admitted to Peking University surprised us all.It surprised us all that he was admitted to Peking University.1.It is necessary/essential/compulsory/vital/important/strange/natural that……sb （should）do2.It is a pity/no wonder/our hope that…It is a pity that he won’t come.3.It is said/reported/believed/thought/suggested/estimated that….It is reported that the earthquake claimed thousands of lives.=The earthquake is reported to have claimed thousands of lives.=People report that the earthquake claimed thousands of lives.Jack was said to be fighting with Tom when the teacher came in.4.It shows/appears/happens that…It happens that I met him in the street yesterday.宾语从句1.陈述句的语序what is the matter/ which is the way to….I don’t know what is the matter with him.I don’t know which is the way to the nearest station.2.时态主句为一般现在时，从句改用什么时态就用什么时态主句为一般过去时，从句需使用与过去相关的时态He told us that our headmaster would leave our school.客观事实或者真理，任何时候都用一般现在时3.形式宾语Find/think/consider it necessary /essential/compulsory/vital/important/strange/natural 宾语从句Make it clear thatWe find it necessary that we should learn English well.Dislike/hate/like it when….I dislike it when people ask me when to get married.Appreciate it if…I will appreciate it if you invite me to dinner.See to it that （注意）You should see to it that our kids are taken good care of while we are away.Depend on it that (相信) You should depend on it that I will love you forever.4.介词后一般不接以that连接的宾语从句，除了in that（由于）和except thatThis article is good in general except that there are some grammar mistakes in it.I was absent from school due to the fact that I was ill. I was absent from school for the reasonthat I was ill.表语从句The reason (why…..) is that…The reason why I was absent from school is that I was ill.The reason that he gave us for his absence from school is that he was ill.It/that/this is because….I was absent from school. That is because I was ill.I was absent from school, which is because I was ill.That is why….I was ill. That is why I was absent from school.I was ill, which is why I was absent from school.That is where I disagree/you have mistakes/ I have doubts/ the problem lies/I compromise.----- The rent of our flat will see a rise of 20 percent this year?------Yes. That is where I have compromised with the flat owner.Cherishing what you have is where the key to happiness lies.同位语从句接在抽象名词“fact,view,evidence,suggestion,word,news,idea,possibility,question, doubt, problem”等后，对其解释说明He put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.The suggestion that he put forward at the meeting was that we should have an assistant.She is in doubt whether the policy will be put into practice.There is no doubt that he will come.The question when we will begin our winter vacation hasn’t been decided yet.分隔现象Word came that the epidemic broke out in Wuhan.Evidence came up that specific speech sounds can be recognized by babies as early as six months old.名词性从句中的其它问题一、主语从句作主语时，谓语动词单复数1.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数2.两个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数3.两个并列的连词连接同一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数When the meeting will be held hasn’t been decided yet.When the meeting will be held and who will attend the meeting haven’t been decided yet.When and where the meeting will be held hasn’t been decided yet.What we need is some food.What we need are some books.二、that 的省略1. 主语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句中that 不省略2. 介词后的宾语从句中that 不可省略3. 带有形式宾语it 的宾语从句中that 不可省略4. 一个句子中有两个并列的宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，第二个that 不可以省略He insisted （that）he didn’t commit the crime and that he should be set free.三、whether/if1. 主语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句中只用whether不用if，it作形式主语的主语从句中亦可以用ifDoes it matter much if he won’t come?2. 介词后的宾语从句中只用whether 不用if3. 宾语从句前置时，只用whether不用ifWhether he will come, I don’t know.4.Whether…or not5.Whether to do6.从句是否定句时I don’t know if he won’t come.四、doubt肯定句否定句动词Whether/if That名词Whether ThatWhatever the reason (is), you shouldn’t be late for school.=No matter what the reason is, you shouldn’t be late for school.Parents are willing to be devoted to whatever it takes to educate their children.Who will attend the meeting hasn’t been announced.Whoever will attend the meeting will be given a chance to deliver a speech.Whoever attends the meeting, he will be given a chance to deliver a speech.六、在名词性从句中表示某一个类别或职业的人时，一般不用who而用whatHe is what is known as ‘bellyacher’----he is always complaining about things around him.名词性从句专项练习基础练习一、在空格处填上恰当的连词,每空限填一词1. It has been proved eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you againstserious illness in later life.2. It is not immediately clear the financial crisis will soon be over.3. ---We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?---No, I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.4. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about he will do or think.5. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.6. The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of others actually understand.7. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.8. The possibility the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.9. There is much truth in the idea kindness is usually served by frankness.10. Doris' success lies in the fact she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.11. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from class he had to meet his uncle at the airport.12. I think that this meal was well worth was charged for it.13. Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the schoolmaster he had done the day before.14. is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.15. By improving reading skills you can read faster and understand more of you read.16. Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.17. The traditional view is we seep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so.18. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That's the best jobs are.19. It is no longer a question now man can land on the moon.20. Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales, please?21. There is clear evidence the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.22. It was not until dark that he found he thought was the correct way to solve the problem.23. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know lane he is entering.24. It has not been decided she will be promoted to general manager.25. water can be used to produce electricity is true.26. he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.27. The dealer told me how much he was prepared to pay for my car and I could have the money without delay.28. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.29. His ability has never been in doubt the question is he is prepared to work hard.30. After five hours' drive, they reached they thought was the place they'd been dreaming of.31. Many people firmly believed a healthy lifestyle can improve the quality of life.32. has an interest in the lecture can go for a ticket from the office next to the gate of the lecture room.33. Despite the rule mobile phones are forbidden in class, my deskmate can't help playing phone games occasionally.34. The question came up at the meeting we had enough money for our research.35. close parents are to their children has a strong influence on the character of the children.36. Young adults generally make their own choices about career they will pursue.37. His suggestion put forward at the conference the UN launch an educational program to teach people how to solve conflicts peacefully will be taken into consideration.38. It happened once, however, some seventy years ago, the gold cup was stolen a few days before the race.39. Sorry, I am late, but you cannot imagine great trouble I took to find your house.40. The teacher left word with our monitor she would explain the problem again next time.41. golf was first played in Scotland in the 15th century is generally agreed.42. When I try to understand it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.43. Contrary to the opinion of the members, the president should appoint he thinks can do the job most adequately.44. The figures are further evidence children are more likely to become near-sighted.45. Perseverance is a kind of quality and that's it takes to do anything well.46. parents say and do usually has a life-long effect on their children.47. President Barack Obama told ABC news he was aware of the development of the recent investigation.48. Of course, the fact misguided forms of dieting result in so many problems does not mean that no dieting is safe.49. You didn't study for your test, so your teacher has a point about you failed!50. As a leader, he never says no to all his group members think is right.提高练习一、在空格处填上恰当的连词，每空限填一词1. We haven't discussed yet we are going to place our new furniture.2. Part of the reason why Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was it was rather closely modeled on his own life.3. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with,whether his friends or relatives.4. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.5. The fact has worried many scientists the earth it becoming warmer and warmer these years.6. We should consider the students’ request the school library provide more books on popular science.7. Many young people in the west are expected to leave could be life's most important decision---marriage---almost entirely up to luck.8. The little girl who got lost decided to remain she was and wait for her mother.9. The last time we had great fun was we were visiting the Water Park.10. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.11. Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.12. In spite of has recently been done to provide more buses for people, a shortage of public vehicles in some areas remains a serious problem.13. What he emphasized over and over again was , no matter how difficult it might be, they should never retreat even for an inch.14. Scientists study human brains work to make computers.15. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose suits you best.16. We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.17.It is still under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel.18. Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed.19. Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases.20. I have no idea the journalist could have got his information from.21. He was asked among all the stories he had read was the most interesting.22. They buried themselves in their studies in the belief they would serve their country with their knowledge.23. After seemed to be a long time, the singer appeared on the stage, facing the excited audience.24. It was never clear the man hadn't reported the accident sooner.25. His writing is so confusing that it is difficult to make out it is that he is trying to express.26. Word got round quickly throughout the country the national women's volleyball team had won the championship in the Olympic Games.27. The limits of a person's intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.28. It makes no difference we'll share the office with.29. When the news came the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army.30. It is not easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of to human life.31. Believe it or not, I'm not interested in they will listen to my excuse.32. Nowadays, you'll notice a phenomenon a lot of people are wearing jeans to concerts.33. Online education forces colleges to focus on the rest of the learning processes, which isthe real value lies.34. their only son is behaving worse and worse these days worries the couple a lot.35. People may forget what you said or what you did, but they will never forget you made them feel.36. she was at the time of the murder was a major concern to the police that are investigating the case.37.AIl this work is supposed to be finished before this Friday, and the trouble is we are short of hands.38. It goes without saying that breaks the rule will be fired.39.He is ill after months' of hard work. This is he was absent from the ceremony yesterday.40. The movement research is based on the idea music and the human nervous system have deep, biological connections.41. This newly-invented robot now can only do you have instructed it to do.42. It is still not clear they will have enough fund to carry out the new project.43. There is a rule in our club no one is allowed to smoke in this meeting room.44. is still unknown when the president is going to make a public speech.45. We can easily get from the computer has been stored in it.46. she will be able to beat her opponents and win the first prize in the contest is still a mystery.47. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class he had to meet his uncle at the airport.48. Having your own apartment means that you can decorate it in style you like.49. What I can't understand is she is so interested in such matters.50. He happened to arrive at later proved an isolated island.。