中考英语阅读理解解题技巧点拨(打印)
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中考英语阅读理解解题技巧点拨
一、中考英语阅读题目的考查类型和解题技巧
中考英语阅读题目主要有以下四种类型,现将每一种类型的考查要点和解
题技巧分析如下:
1.主旨题( Tofind out the main idea)
其目的是考查对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。
★解题技巧为:找主题句。应先通读全文,理解大意,充分理解主题句的意义。主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。
主旨题常见题式为:
1.Whichisthebesttitle ofthis passage?
2.The main idea of this passage is_____
3.The passage mainly tells us:_________
例题1
Happiness is for everyone…
In fact,happinessis always around you, if you put your heart into it…
Happinessis not the same as money,it is a feelingof yo
ur heart…
Which of the followingis this passageabout?
A.Bad luck B.Good luck C.Happiness D.Life(答案为C)
例题2
It’sso crowdedin Florida! We had towait a longtime togo
ontherides sometimes…..
The paragraph mainly tells us:
A. It’s so crowded inFlorida.
B.We had to waita long time . (答案为A)
2.细节题(To look fordetails)
细节题是用来进一步表达主题,体现中心思想的,往往针对短文某个细节来设题。
★解题技巧为:快速捕捉信息,尤其是一些事例、数字等,划出相关句子,进行对照。
例题1:Peterstartedplayingforthelocal clubwhenhe was only10 yearsold in 1948. In 1970,he was intheteam that won theWorldCupfor Brazilagain. He finally stopped
playing in1977.
How many years did Peterplay football?
________________________________(答案为29 years.抓住两个
年份数字1977-1948)
细节题中的难点常为此类问题:
Which of the following is True/Not True?
这类题目要求从文中不同的地方挑出信息
....对事实进行判断。选项之间没有联系。
★解题技巧为:仔细回读
..相关信息。针对选项,逐个判断正误,1道等于3道。例题2
It seems that everybodytells lies well, not big lies, but whatwecall “white lies” .Telling white liesisn't that bad.Most of thetime ,people doit because theywant toprotecta friendship. ()Which of the following is not True?
A. White lies are not big lies.
B.Infact, everybodytellslies .
C. People tellwhite lies to protect a friendship.
D.Whitelies are harmful tofriendship.(答案为D. 答题时要求对每个选项进行回读确认信息,然后判断。)
3.推断题( Toinfera conclusion)
推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论。包括:数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。
★解题技巧为:寻找线索,悟出字里行间的意思。
常见题式:
1)From the passage we know that______
2)From thepassage we can infer(推断)that___
注意:此类题目无法从原文中找到一模一样的句子。
如:Thedoctor gave mysister somemedicine, but it did nothingt oher.
( )Fromthissentence know__________.
A.my sisterdidn't like thismedicine
B. mysistertook the medicine
C.the medicinemademysister sick
D. my sistergotbetter now (答案为B.根据后半句的but it did nothing to her推断得出我姐姐吃了这个药。)
4.猜测词义题( Toguess the meaning)
猜测词义题主要考查根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。
解题技巧为:通过阅读上下文,断定该词的真正含义。
常见题式如下:
1)Theword “…” in the passage probably means_________.
2)What does theword“…”mean______.
3)The underlined(划线的) wordmeans_________
例题3
Besidestheusual classrooms and laboatories, the boardin gschools have lots of other facilitiesfor their students, including music rooms,borts, swimming pools, cinemasandth eaters.
The underlined word means_________.
A.教师
B. 设施C. 活动D.课程
二、书面回答问题的特点和解题误区
书面回答问题在设置问题时通常针对文中的5W和How—即who, when, where,what,why,和how(how long, how far,how fast…)。基本属于