浙江自考英语专业《现代语言学》试题_2004.1

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2023年自考专业(英语)《现代语言学》考试全真模拟易错、难点精编⑴(答案参考)试卷号：13

2023年自考专业(英语)《现代语言学》考试全真模拟易错、难点精编⑴（答案参考）（图片大小可自由调整）一.全考点综合测验(共50题)1.【单选题】The basic unit in the study of morphology is ______.A. the internal structureB.morphemeC.the rules by which words are formedD.word正确答案：B本题解析：正如音位是音系学研究中的基本单位一样，词素是形态学研究中的基本单位。

2.【单选题】A linguistic theory is constructed about what ______ is and how it works.ngueB.linguistnguageD.learning正确答案：C本题解析：语言的研究过程可以总结为：首先，要观察某些语言材料，从而发现一些共性并对其加以总结;其次，根据这些总结提出一些假设来解释这些语言材料，然后再通过进一步的观察来验证这些假设的正确性;最后建立一套语言学理论来说明语言的本质内容以及这些语言是如何发挥作用的。

3.【单选题】There is a deadlock(僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the other.A.a wayB.wayC.the wayD.its way正确答案：B本题解析：译文：由于双方都不让步，讨论陷人了僵局。

本题考查短语搭配，give way to 意思为“让路、让步” 。

4.【单选题】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only ________.A.aggressionB.advantageC.alternativeD.ambition正确答案：C本题解析：A 挑衅、侵犯B 优势、优点C 选择、取舍D 野心、抱负5.【单选题】Lying under the skull, the human brain contains an average of ten billion nerve cells called ______.A.nerve fibersB.nervesC.neuronsD.cerebral cortex正确答案：C本题解析：人的大脑位于头盖骨之下，平均包括100亿个被称为神经元的神经细胞。

04年10月自考现代语言学试题(1)

04年10月自考现代语言学试题(1) 课程代码：00830ⅰ.directions: read each of the following statements carefully. decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter a,b,c or d in the brackets.(2%×10=20%)uses the term ( ) to refer to the actual realization of a language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.a. langueb. competencec. paroled. performanceterms of the place of articulation, the following sounds share the feature of ( ).a. palatalb. alveolarc. bilabiald. dentalgenerative grammar was introduced by ( ) in 1957.a. l. bloomfieldb. f. saussurec. n. chomsky a. k. hallidaylanguages are viewed to vary according to ( ) set on ug principles to particular values.a. adjacent conditionb. parametersc. case conditiond. case requirement5. synonyms are classified into several kinds. the kind to which“girl”and“lass” belong is called ( ) synonyms.a. stylisticb. dialectalc. emotived. collocational6. the illocutionary point of ( ) is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.a. representativesb. commissivesc. expressivesd. declaratives7. modern english words man, woman, child, eat, fight, ect. originate from ( ).a. middle englishb. old englishc. frenchd. norman french8. in a diglossic country, the two diglossic forms of a language are generally two varieties of the same language, but there are situations in which the h-variety may have no ( ) relationship with the l-variety.a. geneticb. socialc. directd. closeaphasics do not show total language loss. rather, different aspects of language are impaired. aphasicsin ( ) area reveal word-finding difficulties and problems with syntax.a. werniker’sb. visualc. motord. broca’s10. ( ) motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language in order to communicate with native speakers of the target language.a. instrumentalb. functionalc. integratived. socialⅱ. directions: fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. note that you are to fill in one word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.(1%×10=10%)11. if a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to bed .12. stops, fricatives, affricates, liquids, and glides all have some degree of o and are therefore consonants.13. m is the smallest meaningful unit of language.14. a is the movement of an auxiliary verb to thesentence-initial position, such as “be”, “have”, “do” etc.15. r is what a linguistic form refers to in the real world; it is a matter of the relationship between form and the reality.16. in austin’s early speech act theory, c were statements that either state or describe, and were thus verifiable.17. in the process of first language acquisition, children usually construct their personal grammars, and their language develops in stages until it a the grammatical rules of the adult language.18. a s community is one group, all of whose members share the same language or at least a single language variety.19. people may communicate their feelings or thoughts via n signals such as facial expressions, gestures, postures, or proxemic space.20. although the development of a communicative system is not unique to human beings, the natural acquisition of l as a system of highly abstract rulesand regulations for creative communication is what distinguishes humans from all other animal species.ⅲ.directions: judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. put a t for true or f for false in the brackets in front of each statement. if you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. (2%×10=20%)21. ( ) the writing system of a language is alwaysa later invention used to record speech; thus there are still many languages in today’s world that can only be spoken, but not written.22. ( ) in such sound combinations as /bi:p/, /geip/ and /su:p/, the voiceless stop /p/, occurring in the final position, is unaspirated, pronounced with the strong puff of air withheld to some extent.23. ( ) the part of speech of the compound is always determined by the part of speech of the second element, without exception.24. ( ) the relationship between the embedded clause and its matrix clause is one of a part to the whole.25. ( ) the contextualist view of meaning holds thatmeaning should be studied in terms of the situational context and linguistic context.26. ( ) searle’s classification of illocutionary acts is based on the classification of performative verbs.27. ( ) one kind of language change results in an increase of the number of exceptional or irregular morphemes. this kind of change has been called internal borrowing—that is, we “borrow” from one part of the grammar and apply the rule generally.28. ( ) there are differences in the way people of various age categories speak. the differences most easily noted by the layman are likely to be grammatical in nature.29. ( ) the left hemisphere of the brain is superior to the right hemisphere BECause the left hemisphere is language-dominant.30 ( ) a child born to a chinese or english speaking family takes about the same number of years to acquire their native tongue, regardless of their general intelligence.ⅳ.directions: explain the following terms, usingone or two examples for illustration.(3%×10=30%)31. assimilation rule32. root33. bound morphemes34. surface structure35. grammaticality36. elaboration37. bilingualism38. creole39. the sapir-whorf hypothesis40. fossilizationⅴ. answer the following questions.(10%×2=20%)41. the phonological features that occur above the level of individual sounds are called suprasegmental features. discuss the main suprasegmental features, illustrating with examples how they function in the distinction of meaning.42. explain and give examples to show in what way componential analysis is similar to the analysis of phonemes into distinctive features.。

2004年4月浙江省高等教育自学考试高级英语试题

请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上 Part Ⅰ： Vocabulary （20% ） Directions A： There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B， C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line across the center. 1. ________ the opportunity he might well have become an outstanding cartoonist.A. GivingB. GiveC. GivenD. To give 2. I suppose some people create an idea of who they want to be and， then they ________ it ________.A. work … overB. bear … outC. live … outD. get … over 3. Some people view life as a（n） ________ conflict between the forces of good and evil.A. externalB. eternalC. centralD. internal 4. I can‘t imagine how this place ________ a five-star hotel！ The service is dreadful.A. passed offB. passed overC. passed onD. passed for 5. Lack of confidence in his own abilities is the chief ________ in Mike‘s character.A. powerB. defectC. defeatD. device 6. By ________ the styles of Van Gogh and Dufy， the woman painter has produced some highly original works.A. duplicatingB. assimilatingC. transferringD. molding 7. We need ________ improvement in public transport.A. trivialB. generousC. substantialD. resultant 8. The critic‘s ________ of the book is that it is beautifully written.A. recommendationB. assessmentC. admirationD. comprehension. 9. We are going to use these research ________ to support our argument.A. suggestionB. decisionC. columnsD. data 10. As he came to this point， his voice ________ a note of uncertainty.A. resulted inB. added toC. took onD. reduced to 11. Such a style never really ________ in America.A. caught upB. caught onC. held onD. held in 12. I would question the ________ of his statement about the new project.A. levelB. varietyC. truthD. validity 13. One of the striking facts of nature is the ability of living things to ________ themselves to practically any environment on earth.A. adhereB. adaptC. adoptD. admit 14. He ________ the jury to believe that he was innocent， and he was finally found innocent.A. tried onB. held onC. prevailed uponD. relied on 15. Ben went back to the library the next day. But the book was no longer there. He thought it might be ________ by the librarian because the book was too valuable.A. adoptedB. obtainedC. set asideD. tucked away 16. Examinations are not the only means of ________ a student‘s ability.A. assumingB. assessingC. assertingD. assigning 17. Miss Robin tried to ________ all errors from the typescript by going through it very carefully.A. objectB. duplicateC. approveD. eliminate 18. Strangely， Bill keeps his office neat as pin， while his home is always in a state of ________.A. chaosB. clarityC. charityD. chorus 19. This ________ porcelain vase was made with superb workmanship.A. requisiteB. prerequisiteC. exquisiteD. appropriate 20. After such a confrontation between the two parties， any reconciliation would be ________.A. out of questionB. within questionC. without questionD. out of the question Directions B： There are 20 sentences in this section. In each sentence there is a word or phrase underlined. Below each sentence there are four choices marked A， B， C， and D. Choose the one answer that can replace the underlined part of each sentence without changing its original meaning. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line across the center. 21. In the light of the changed circumstances， he urged that the meeting be postponed to the next day.A. According toB. ConcerningC. In spite ofD. In place of 22. You‘d better hold your tongue. It’s none of your business.A. keep silentB. withdrawC. keep promiseD. surrender 23. They were lost at sea， at the mercy of wind and weather.A. submissiveB. willing to forgiveC. powerless againstD. not to punish 24. I walked into Prof. Wilson‘s office and found him immersed in his writing， as usual.A. puzzled byB. busy withC. overwhelmed byD. absorbed in 25. It was a matter of course for Charles to dress up carefully when he was having a date with Amy.A. politeB. naturalC. urgentD. important 26. The whole discussion comes down to the question of whether the government‘s price policy is wise.A. spreads itself toB. declines toC. is reduced toD. is faced by 27. It was the custom of the time that， after the father died ， the eldest son fell heir to the title and wealth of the family.A. inheritedB. gave upC. fell victim toD. acknowledged to 28. As it is， the state-owned enterprises are crying out for qualified management personnel.A. are missingB. are grieving forC. sympathize withD. badly need 29. If you go on like that， you‘ll never come to anything.A. get to your destinationB. be successful in lifeC. learn to walk properlyD. be able to see anything 30. You‘ll never get through medical school with spelling like that.A. go all out forB. take too much fromC. grade highly inD. graduate from 31. What with continuous rain and a bad hotel， we didn‘t enjoy our holiday much.A. Because ofB. For the sake ofC. In spite ofD. Regardless of 32. Man is fated to suffer many disappointments in his quest for truth.A. desireB. journeyC. adventureD. search 33. If she hadn‘t　slipped up on the last question， her score on the test would have been perfect.A. made a mistakeB. made a messC. withdrawnD. hesitated 34. And he goes even further， criticizing science on the grounds that truly endeavors such as poetry have a power that scientists can‘t recognize.A. in order thatB. for the reason thatC. for fear thatD. because 35. How do you account for the difference between themA. explainB. deal withC. distinguishD. settle for 36. The two partners will never reach an agreement if one does not modify its demands.A. overlookB. identifyC. negotiateD. change 37. We‘ll show you a film of the highlight of the competition， as there isn’t time for the whole thing.A. highest partsB. brightest partsC. lightest partsD. most important parts 38. He stressed that the disadvantages of the change would outweigh its advantages.A. overtakeB. be greater thanC. overcomeD. be no equal to 39. That afternoon I addressed myself to forging a note.A. enjoyed myself inB. busied myself inC. indulged myself inD. interested myself in 40. Dr. King protested that the black people were still stripped of their right of citizenship one hundred years after the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation.A. accused ofB. made up ofC. in favor ofD. deprived of Part Ⅱ： Cloze （10%） Directions： There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blanks there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. The geographical location of a country and its physical （41）________ are very important to its development and （42）________ . The United States is very （43） ________in this （44） ________. （45）________ ， it has good （46） ________. In almost every （47） ________of the country it is possible to live （48）________ during the whole year. It is true that in the south sometimes gets very hot and in the north very cold. But the people who live in these regions become （49）________ of the climate and never （50）________ much when the weather is either very hot or very cold.。

浙江省2004年7月自考英语词汇学试题及答案

浙江省2004年7月自考英语词汇学试题及答案无论在学习或是工作中，我们需要用到试题的情况非常的多，试题有助于被考核者了解自己的真实水平。

相信很多朋友都需要一份能切实有效地帮助到自己的试题吧？以下是店铺为大家整理的浙江省2004年7月自考英语词汇学试题及答案，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

浙江省2004年7月自考英语词汇学试题及答案1Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.An idiom is characterized by ( ).A. semantic unityB. structural stabilityC. non-motivationD. all the above2. Which words belong to the functional words? ( )A. prepositions, auxiliaries, conjunctionsB. articles, adjectives, pronounsC. adverbs, conjunctions, nounsD. prepositions, auxiliaries, articles3. A word is a symbol that ( ).A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureD. shows different ideas in different sounds4. “Phone”, “doc”, “sis” and “fridge” are examples of ( ) ?A. abbreviationB. shorteningC. clippingD. analogy5. Meaning is closely related to ( ).A. conceptB. contextualismC. implicatureD. symbolism6. ( ) is a figure of speech containing an implied comparison in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.A. SimileB. SynecdocheC. OverstatementD. Metaphor7. Most English idioms are ( ) .A. opaqueB. transparentC. motivatedD. self-evident8. The pond was full of garbage, giving ( ) the worst smell that you can imagine.A. offB. overC. inD. up9. ( ) are morphemes used to express grammatical relationships between a word and its context.A. Grammatical morphemesB. Inflectional morphemesC. Bound morphemesD. A and B10. Stylistically, back-formed words are largely ( ) and some of them have not gained public acceptance.A. informalB. adjectivesC. human nounsD. formal11. The word “nose” in the phrase “the nose of the plane” is related to ( ).A. onomatopoeic motivationB. semantic motivationC. morphological motivationD. etymological motivation12. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ( )A. English is more closely related to German than French.B. Scandinavian languages refer to Icelandic, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish.C. Old English was not a highly inflected language.D. In early Middle English period, English, Latin, and French existed side by side.13. In the idiom “fortune’s wheel”, we change it into “wheel of fortune” without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as ( ).A. replacementB. deletionC. position-shiftingD. dismembering14. “Marshal”, “lady”, and “fond” have experienced the process of ( ) of meaning.A. degradationB. elevationC. extensionD. narrowing15. The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form ( ).A. grammatical contextB. lexical contextC. context of cultureD. extra-linguistic context16. According to the purpose of dictionaries we have ( ) dictionaries.A. monolingual, bilingual and multilingualB. synchronic and diachronicC. pocket, medium-sized and unabridgedD. general and specialized17. The rhetorical coloring of “Time and tide wait for no man.” is ( ) .A. rimeB. juxtapositionC. reiterationD. alliteration18. The majority of newly coined words are ( ) .A. adverbialsB. nounsC. verbsD. adjectives19. “Yahoo” is a ( ) motivated word.A. semanticallyB. etymologicallyC. onomatopoeticallyD. morphologically20. Much of this early excitement and expectation was met with successive breakthroughs in scientific research on plant gene transfer methods, identification of valuable genes, and the eventual performance of transgenic crops. How is the underlined word formed?( )A. compoundingB. blendingC. back-formationD. prefixationⅡ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)21. ________ began with the establishment of printing in England.22. According to the functions of affixes, we can put them into two groups: inflectional and ________ affixes.23. NATO stands for ________.24. Relative synonyms also called ________ are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different degrees ofa given quality.25 The idiom “Jack of all trades” is the shortened from “Jack of all trades and ________.”Ⅲ.Match the words in Column A with those in C olumn B according to 1) rhetorical features of the idioms;2)sense relations;3)assimilation degree;4)characteristics of the basic wo 来源:91考试网rd stock and motivation.(10%)A B26.UNESCO ( ) a morphological motivation27.terminology ( ) b translation loan28.alliteration ( ) c acronym29.meat ( ) d metaphor30. will and testament ( ) e sum and substance31. juxtaposition ( ) f repetition32. in the cradle ( ) g narrowing33. Nazi ( ) h rain or shine34. minibus ( ) I borrowed words35. Hidden Dragon, Crouched Tiger ( ) j semanticsⅣ.Define the following terms.(15%)36. Vocabulary37. Inflectional morphemes38. Affective meaning39. Amelioration40. Sentence idiomsⅤ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(15%)41. What are the foreign elements in the English vocabulary?42. What does the following verbs tell us?A man changes his habits, alters his conduct, and varies his manner of speaking.43. Analyse morphemes in the following words.individualistic characteristic inflectionalⅥ. Analyze the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(20%)44. If some students ask you to recommend one or two good dictionaries to them, what would you recommend? Why?45. Determine the language from which each of the given words has been borrowed and translate them into Chinese.Original language Translation1. pizza2. gondola3. justice4. San Francisco5. lieutenant6. etc.7. government8. salon9. loquat10. archaeology浙江省2004年7月自考英语词汇学试题及答案2一、语音知识(共5小题;每题1.5分，共7.5分。

2004年1月浙江省高等教育自学考试外语教学法试题

⼀、判断正误题The following statements are about the facts presented in the first chapter of the book ， please indicate in the brackets whether they are true （T ） or false （F ）（10% ） 1. In the 5th century ， the controversy between the naturalist and the conventionalists in Greece was on the regularities of language.（） 2. Bloomfield ， who maintained that linguistics should only admit data that could be objectively verified ， is regarded as the father of American Formalism. （） 3. Contrastive analysis is proposed by the habit-formation theory as a valid means to predict potential errors.（） 4. The Swiss psychologist Piaget used hypothetical mental constructs， which he called schemas ， to describe the envelopment of Children‘s reasoning abilities at each stage. （） 5. When the mother tongue and the target language share a meaning but express it in different ways， the learner will transfer the ways of expression in the mother tongue to the target language.（） 6. Halliday thinks that the process of first language acquisition is actually the process of learning how to communicate in that language.（） 7. Wilkins insisted that the orientation of the language teaching was essentially toward the understanding and acquisition of linguistic features ， rather than the purposes and social use of communication.（） 8. American structuralism ， started at the beginning of the 20th century ， became very popular and influential in the 1930s and 1940s throughout the world. （） 9. The naturalists argued that the forms of words reflected directly the nature of objects.（） 10. According to the habit-formation theory ， errors should be avoided and should be corrected if they have been made.（）⼆、填空题Ⅰ。

2004年10月全国高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题

2004年10月全国高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题Ⅰ。

Directions：Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A，B，C or D in the brackets.（2%×10=20%） 1.Chomsky uses the term （）to refer to the actual realization of a language user‘s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.A. langueB. competenceC. paroleD. performance2.In terms of the place of articulation，the following sounds [t][d][s][z][n] share the feature of （）。

A. palatalB. alveolarC. bilabialD. dental3.Transformational Generative Grammar was introduced by （）in 1957.A. L. BloomfieldB. F. SaussureC. N. ChomskyD.M. A. K. Halliday4.Natural languages are viewed to vary according to （）set on UG principles to particular values.A. Adjacent ConditionB. parametersC. Case ConditionD. Case requirement5. Synonyms are classified into several kinds. The kind to which“girl”and“lass” belong is called （）synonyms.A. stylisticB. dialectalC. emotiveD. collocational6. The illocutionary point of （）is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.A. representativesB. commissivesC. expressivesD. declaratives7. Modern English words man，woman，child，eat，fight，ect. originate from （）。

2023年自考专业(英语)《现代语言学》考试全真模拟易错、难点精编⑴(答案参考)试卷号：7

2023年自考专业(英语)《现代语言学》考试全真模拟易错、难点精编⑴（答案参考）（图片大小可自由调整）一.全考点综合测验(共50题)1.【单选题】A linguistic theory is constructed about what ______ is and how it works.ngueB.linguistnguageD.learning正确答案：C本题解析：语言的研究过程可以总结为：首先，要观察某些语言材料，从而发现一些共性并对其加以总结;其次，根据这些总结提出一些假设来解释这些语言材料，然后再通过进一步的观察来验证这些假设的正确性;最后建立一套语言学理论来说明语言的本质内容以及这些语言是如何发挥作用的。

2.【单选题】_______ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see film so often.A.If it is notB.Were it notC.Had it not beenD.If they were not正确答案：C本题解析：从本题后半句可以看出这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句中的动词要用“had +过去分词”，如果将if 省略，had 要位于主语之前，构成倒装句，故本题的答案是C。

Had it not been for the free ticket =If it had not been for the free ticket 。

3.【单选题】If you are walking away from a clock tower ，you will hear the ticking of the clock fade to a point ________ it cannot be heard.A. whichB.whatC.whereD.how正确答案：C本题解析：译文：如果你从钟塔旁走过.你将会听到滴答声，直到你走远。

浙江自考英语专业《现代语言学》试题_2005.1

全国2005年1月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题课程代码：00830一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题2分，共20分)1.The description of a language as it changes through time is a ( ) study.A. comparativeB. diachronicC. up-to-dateD. descriptive2. Of the three branches of phonetics, the longest established, and until recently the most highly developed, is ( ) phonetics.A. auditoryB. acousticC. articulatoryD. none of the above three3. What the element ‘-es’indicates is third person singular, present tense, the element ‘-ed’past tense, and ‘-ing’progressive aspect. Since they are the smallest unit of language and meaningful, they are also ( ).A. phonemesB. morphemesC. allophonesD. phones4. Since early 1980s Noam Chomsky and other generatvie linguists proposed and developed a theory of universal grammar known as the ( ) theory.A. speech actB. TGC. principles-and-parametersD. minimalist programme5. One way to analyze lexical meaning is ( ).A. predication analysisB. stylistic analysisC. componential analysisD. proposition analysis6. Of the three speech acts, linguists are most interested in the ( ) because this kind of speech act is identical with the speaker’s intention.A. locutionary actB. illocutionary actC. perlocutionary actD. constative act7. The discovery of Indo-European language family began with the work of the British scholar ( ).A. Sir William JonesB. John FirthC. M. A. K. HallidayD. F. D. Saussure浙00830# 现代语言学试题第1 页共4 页8. A bilingual speaker often uses two languages alternatively during a conversation with another bilingual speaker, a speech situation known as ( ).A. discourse role-switchingB. activity role-switchingC. social role-switchingD. code-switching9. A focal point of SLA research has been the nature and development of L2 learners’( ).A. second languageB. first languageC. foreign languageD. interlanguage10. It is estimated that the number of basic words known by English-speaking school children of age six is around ( ).A. 7800B. 6800C. 5800D. 4800二、填空题(每小题1分，共10分)11. The description of a language at some point in time is a s________ study.12. When pitch, stress and sound length are tied to the sentence rather than the word in isolation, they are collectively known as i________.13. According to its position in the new word, a________ are divided into two kinds: prefixes and suffixes.14. P________ refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set of different meanings.15. Whether a sentence is semantically meaningful is governed by rules called s________ restrictions.16. The u________ meaning of the sentence varies with the context in which it is uttered.17. Some important missions of historical linguists are to identify and classify families of related languages in a genealogical family tree, and to reconstruct the p________, the original form of a language family that has ceased to exist.18. R________ are language varieties appropriate for use in particular speech situations.19. Learners will subconsciously use their L1 knowledge in learning a second language. This is known as language t________.20. A related issue with integrative motivation has been the extent to which learners differ in the processof adapting to the new culture of the L2 community. This adaptation process is called a ________.三、判断说明题(判断下列各题，正确的在题干后面的括号内填“T”，错误的填“F”，并说明理由。

浙江1月自考现代语言学试题及答案解析

浙江省2018年1月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题课程代码：00830一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题2分，共20分)1. English consonants can be classified into stops. fricatives, nasals, etc. , in terms of ( ).A. manner of articulationB. openness of mouthC. place of articulationD. voicing2. The study of how words are combined to form sentences is called ( ).A. phoneticsB. morphologyC. syntaxD. semantics3. According to Chomsky, ( ) is the ideal user’s internalized knowledge of his language.A. competenceB. paroleC. performanceD. langue4. “Sweets”and “candy”are used respectively in Britain in and America, but refer to the same thing. The words are ( ) synonyms.A. collocationalB. dialectalC. completeD. stylistic5. Different meanings can be associated with one linguistic form, but there is no basic meaning among them. This is known as ( ).A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. antonymy6. “How fast did he drive when he ran the red light?”( ) “He ran the red light”.A. entailsB. contradictsC. presupposesD. includes7. The word “lab”is formed through ( ).A. back formationB. blendingC. clippingD. derivation8. ( ) in the brain fulfills the function of speech production.A. Angular gyrusB. Broca’s areaC. The right hemisphereD. Wernicke’s area9. When a child uses “mummy”to refer to any woman, most probably his “mummy”means ( ).A. + HumanB. + Human + AdultC. + Human + Adult – MaleD. + Human + Adult - Male + Parent10. ( ) is not a suprasegmental feature.A. AspirationB. IntonationC. StressD. Tone二、在下列空格中填上以给出字母开始的恰当的单词。

2004年4月浙江省高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题

I.Multiple-choice（30%） Directions： Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. 1. The relation between language， thought and culture is that ______. A. the three aspects interact， each influencing and shaping the other two B. culture most influences the other two C. language most dominates the other two D. thought most influences the other two 2. In English， “sdylh” is not a possible word and “green made he” is not an acceptable sentence. It proves that language is ______.A. arbitraryB. systematicC. symbolicD. vocal 3. Body language normally includes ______. A. gestures B. gestures， facial expression， distance held between interlocutors C. facial expression D. distance held between interlocutors 4. The word “woman” can be defined conceptually as an adult female who is biped and has a womb. The other features such as “gregarious”， “subject to instinct”， “long hair wearing” are its ______ meaning.A. conceptualB. affectiveC. connotativeD. collocative 5. In the U. S.A.， the fourth Thursday in November， set apart for recalling the goodness of God， is called ______.A. Boxing DayB. ThanksgivingC. EasterD. St. Valentine‘s Day 6. A bun or bread roll containing fried or grilled steak is called______.A. hot dogB. puddingC. hamburgerD. sandwich 7. “Attain”， “acquire”， and “obtain” came from ______.A. FrenchB. English originC. Old NorseD. Latin 8. In English ______ are derivational morphemes. A. all the prefixes B. all the suffixes C. those phrases that represent the grammatical categories D. those word endings represented the grammatical categories 9. If a student wants to express his gratitude for professor‘s help， he can say ______. A.I am so sorry I am wasting your time B.I hope I didn‘t disturb you C. Don‘t you mind I disturb you D. Thank you so much. I really appreciate your help 10. In English speaking countries you usually introduce ______， not the other way around.A. a man to a womanB. a woman to a womanC. an old man to a young womanD. an old woman to a young man 11. When you want to compliment the new coat John wears you can say ______. A. “That‘s a very nice coat.It must be very expensive” B.“You look much more beautiful in this coat” C.“How much did you pay for this coat ” D.“You look lovely in this coat，who bought it for you ” 12. “A working party was set up to look into the problem”。

浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试综合英语一试题

浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码：00794Part OneⅠ.用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸上的相应位置 (本大题共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)1.To answer correctly is more important than( ).A. answered quicklyB. a quick answerC. quickly answeredD. to answer quickly2.It ( ) until dark that he realized that it was too late to return home.A. isB. wasn’tC. weren’tD. were3.Do you remember ( ) Tom about this before?A. to tellingB. tellingC. to have toldD. tell4.Look, ( ).A. there he goesB. there goes heC. he goes thereD. he there goes5.It seems difficult ( ).A. to stop the child to cryingB. to stop the child of cryingC. stopping the child cryD. to stop the child from crying6.I have never drunk ( ) beer in my life.A. the better oneB. more bestC. more betterD. better7.( ) we have done what you want, there is no reason for you to complain any more.A. Now thatB. BecauseC. In caseD. For fear that8.Only then did he ( ) the situation he and his fellow soldiers were in.A. awareB. aware ofC. become awareD. become aware of9.The man in charge of the newspaper files saw an excited boy( ) into the room.A. rushedB. rushesC. rushD. had rushing10.Jane has a very good collection of books, ( ) are written in foreign languages.A. many of thoseB. thoseC. many of whichD. many in which11.Many new opportunities will be opened up in the course of time for those ( ).A. with an university education.B. with a university educationC. have a higher educationD. have had a higher education12.Fifty people were invited to the party, but only forty ( ).A. turned aroundB. turned upC. turn toD. turned in13.When she is nervous, she does nothing ( ).A. but eatingB. but eatC. to eatD. eat14.They argued back and forth for a long time about ( ) next.A. what should they doB. what they should doC. what do they doD. what they are doing15.( ) to hear that I had withdrawn from the competition.A. They all very surprisedB. SurprisedC. SurprisinglyD. They were all very surprised16.It’s ( ) possible ( ) necessary.A. not only...but alsoB. either...butC. not ... andD. whether ... or17.When the old man ( ), he found himself lying in hospital.A. come up toB. come toC. came toD. came up18.He ( ) when he recognized the voice at the other end of the phone.A. hung upB. hang upC. hangingD. hung in19.( ) lose all our money, but we almost lost our lives.A. Not only weB. Not only did weC. Not did we onlyD. Only we did not20.He who makes no mistakes ( ) nothing.A. makeB. makingC. makesD. madeⅡ.短文阅读理解。

2004年4月浙江省高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题

Ⅰ。

Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. （30%） 1.As far as the origins of the words are concerned， English words can be classified into （）。

A.content words and functional words B.native words and borrowed words C.basic words and borrowed words D.loan words and dialectal words 2.Vocabulary can refer to the following except （）。

A.the total number of the words in a language B.all the words used in a particular historical period C.all the words of a dialect D.all the words of an article 3.“skirt” is （）。

A.a basic wordB.a Spanish wordC.a slang wordD.both A and B 4.The early inhabitants of the British Isles spoke （） .A.EnglishB.CelticC.ScandinavianD.Hellenic 5.The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of （） words into English.tinB.GreekC.DanishD.French 6.The three main sources of new words are （）。

《现代语言学》自考真题试题与答案解析

《现代语言学》自考真题试题与答案解析卷面总分：98分答题时间：80分钟试卷题量：49题一、单选题（共39题，共78分）1.A linguistic theory is constructed about what ______ is and how it works.• ngue• B.linguist• nguage• D.learning正确答案：C语言的研究过程可以总结为：首先，要观察某些语言材料，从而发现一些共性并对其加以总结;其次，根据这些总结提出一些假设来解释这些语言材料，然后再通过进一步的观察来验证这些假设的正确性;最后建立一套语言学理论来说明语言的本质内容以及这些语言是如何发挥作用的。

2.We refer to the limited range of sounds as the phonic medium oflanguage and individual sounds within that range as ______.• A.vowels• B.consonants• C.sounds• D.speech sounds正确答案：D在语言交际中占有一席之地、由人类的发音器官所发出来的声音在数量上是有限的。

这些范围有限，但对人类交际活动意义重大、对语言学研究价值不菲的声音就是语言的音响媒介，凡是在这个范围内的每个单个的声音都叫做语音。

3.The basic unit in the study of morphology is ______.• A. the internal structure• B.morpheme• C.the rules by which words are formed• D.word正确答案：B正如音位是音系学研究中的基本单位一样，词素是形态学研究中的基本单位。

4.The syntactic rules of any language are ______ in number.• rge• B.small• C.finite• D.infinite正确答案：C对于任何一种自然语言，一套句法规则可以产生出无穷多的句子，也就是说，任何语言的句法规则都是有限的，而说话人能够说出和理解的句子的数量是无限的。

04年10月自考现代语言学试题（1）

04年10月自考现代语言学试题（1）04年10月自考现代语言学试题(1) 课程代码：00830ⅰ.directions: read each of the following statements carefully. decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter a,b,c or d in the brackets.(2%×10=20%)uses the term ( ) to refer to the actual realization of a language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.a. langueb. competencec. paroled. performanceterms of the place of articulation, the following sounds share the feature of ( ).a. palatalb. alveolarc. bilabiald. dentalgenerative grammar was introduced by ( ) in 1957.a. l. bloomfieldb. f. saussurec. n. chomsky a. k. hallidaylanguages are viewed to vary according to ( ) set on ug principles to particular values.a. adjacent conditionb. parametersc. case conditiond. case requirement5. synonyms are classified into several kinds. the kind to which“girl”and“lass” belong is called ( ) synonyms.a. stylisticb. dialectalc. emotived. collocational6. the illocutionary point of ( ) is to express the psychological state specified in the utterance.a. representativesb. commissivesc. expressivesd. declaratives7. modern english words man, woman, child, eat, fight, ect. originate from ( ).a. middle englishb. old englishc. frenchd. norman french8. in a diglossic country, the two diglossic forms of a language are generally two varieties of the same language, but there are situations in which the h-variety may have no ( ) relationship with the l-variety.a. geneticb. socialc. directd. closeaphasics do not show total language loss. rather, different aspects of language are impaired. aphasicsin ( ) area reveal word-finding difficulties and problems with syntax.a. werniker’sb. visualc. motord. broca’s10. ( ) motivation occurs when the learner desires to learn a second language in order to communicate with native speakers of the target language.a. instrumentalb. functionalc. integratived. socialⅱ. directions: fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. note that you are to fill in one word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given.(1%×10=10%)11. if a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to bed .12. stops, fricatives, affricates, liquids, and glides all have some degree of o and are therefore consonants.13. m is the smallest meaningful unit of language.14. a is the movement of an auxiliary verb to thesentence-initial position, such as “be”, “have”, “do” etc.15. r is what a linguistic form refers to in the real world; it isa matter of the relationship between form and the reality.16. in austin’s early spe ech act theory, c were statements that either state or describe, and were thus verifiable.17. in the process of first language acquisition, children usually construct their personal grammars, and their language develops in stages until it a the grammatical rules of the adultlanguage.18. a s community is one group, all of whose members share the same language or at least a single language variety.19. people may communicate their feelings or thoughts via n signals such as facial expressions, gestures, postures, or proxemic space.20. although the development of a communicative system is not unique to human beings, the natural acquisition of l as a system of highly abstract rulesand regulations for creative communication is what distinguishes humans from all other animal species.ⅲ.directions: judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. put a t for true or f for false in the brackets in front of each statement. if you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. (2%×10=20%)21. ( ) the writing system of a language is alwaysa later invention used to record speech; thus there are still many languages in today’s world that can only be spoken, but not written.22. ( ) in such sound combinations as /bi:p/, /geip/ and /su:p/, the voiceless stop /p/, occurring in the final position, is unaspirated, pronounced with the strong puff of air withheld to some extent.23. ( ) the part of speech of the compound is always determined by the part of speech of the second element, without exception.24. ( ) the relationship between the embedded clause and its matrix clause is one of a part to the whole.25. ( ) the contextualist view of meaning holds thatmeaning should be studied in terms of the situational context and linguistic context.26. ( ) searle’s classification of illocutionary acts is based on the classification of performative verbs.27. ( ) one kind of language change results in an increase of the number of exceptional or irregular morphemes. this kind of change has been called internal borrowing—that is, we “borrow” from one part of the grammar and apply the rule generally.28. ( ) there are differences in the way people of various age categories speak. the differences most easily noted by the layman are likely to be grammatical in nature.29. ( ) the left hemisphere of the brain is superior to the right hemisphere BECause the left hemisphere is language-dominant.30 ( ) a child born to a chinese or english speaking family takes about the same number of years to acquire their native tongue, regardless of their general intelligence.ⅳ.directions: explain the following terms, usingone or two examples for illustration.(3%×10=30%)31. assimilation rule32. root33. bound morphemes34. surface structure35. grammaticality36. elaboration37. bilingualism38. creole39. the sapir-whorf hypothesis40. fossilizationⅴ. answer the following questions.(10%×2=20%)41. the phonological features that occur above the level ofindividual sounds are called suprasegmental features. discuss the main suprasegmental features, illustrating with examples how they function in the distinction of meaning.42. explain and give examples to show in what way componential analysis is similar to the analysis of phonemes into distinctive features.。

浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试语言学概论试题课程代码00541

浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试语言学概论试题课程代码00541第一篇：浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试语言学概论试题课程代码00541浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试语言学概论试题课程代码：00541一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题1分，共20分)1.语言的客观存在形式首先表现为人类社会中人与人之间的（）交际行为。

A.书面B.文字C.口头D.体态2.语言单位之间构成的横向结构关系，就是（）。

A.组合关系C.同义关系B.聚合关系 D.同音关系3.语音与其他声音的本质区别表现在（）方面。

A.物理属性B.生理属性C.心理属性A.音高D.社会属性B.音强4.现代汉语中的声调主要由于语音物理属性中的（）而产生的。

C.音长D.音色 5.下列几个判断中，不正确的是（）。

A.音素之间存在着“对立”与“互补”两种重要的关系B.判断音位条件变体的重要依据是互补和语音相似C.一般来说一个音位是一类音素的概括D.所有的辅音发音时声带都不振动6.下列词语在实际语流中，会发生异化现象的是（）。

A.棉被B.海岛C.lookedD.beds 7.一个语言中词和语的总和叫作（）。

A.语汇B.语义C.语音D.语法 8.下列各组中，（）项是合成词。

A.邂逅C.幽静B.糊涂 D.幽默9.下列各组单位中，含有黏着语素的是（）。

A.莲子B.女子C.父子D.帘子10.从构词方式上说，下列各词属于偏正复合词的是（）。

A.雪白B.清楚C.心疼D.月亮11.下列英语词语中，含有异根这一语法手段的一项是（）。

00541# 语言学概论试题 A.foot—feet C.go—wentB.work—works D.get—got 12.下列词语中，词义含有形象色彩的是（）。

A.鹅卵石B.溜达C.电话D.天13.下列四组同义词中，彼此间主要是所指范围大小不同的是（）。

A.湖—湖泊C.教师—教书匠B.改善—改进 D.生日—华诞14.下列汉字中属于独体字的是（）。

浙江1月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题及答案解析

每小题2分，共20分)1.______ is NOT a design feature of human language. ( )A. Cultural transmissionB. DisplacementC. Duality of structureD. Prescriptivism2. Vibration of the vocal cords results in ______. ( )A. aspirationB.nasalityC. obstructionD. voicing3. The word “simplifications”has ______ morphemes in it. ( )A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 54. “We vowed to fight on until all our demands were met”is a sentence. ( )A. coordinateB. complexC. compoundD.simple5. The relationship between “fruit”and “apple”is ______. ( )A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. synonymy6. “Interviewer”and “interviewee”are a pair of ______ opposites. ( )A. complementaryB. gradableC. completeD. relational7. The maxim of ______ requires that a participant's contribution be relevant to the conversation. ( )A. quantityB. qualityC. relationD. manner8. The regular consonant changes found among cognates in the Germanic languages were known as ______Law. ( )A. Bopp'sB. Grimm'sC. Jones'D. Rask's9. When a ______ comes to be adopted by a population as its primary language and children learn it as their first language, it becomes . ( )A. creole... pidginB. pidgin... creoleC. regional dialect...lingua francaD. lingua franca...regional dialect10. A child who knows the general plural form may apply the rule to irregular nouns and produce “foots”. This is called ______. ( )A. assimilationB. transferC. overgeneralizationD. underextension二、填空题(在下列空格中填上以给出字母开始的恰当的单词。

自考《现代语言学》复习题及答案

自考《现代语言学》复习题及答案2017年自考《现代语言学》复习题及答案一、单项选择1. Which of the following sounds is a voiceless bilabial stop?A. [p]B. [b]C. [m]D. [t]2. The great source of modification of the air stream is found in the ______ cavity.A. nasalB. oralC. lungD. glottis3. ______ act is the act performed by or resulting from saying something.A. A locutionaryB. An illocutionaryC. A perlocutionaryD. A speech4. Once the notion of ______ was taken into consideration, semantics spilled into pragmatics.A. meaningB. contextC. formD. content5. Sense is concerned with the ______ meaning of the linguistic form.A. contextualB. realC. behavioristD. inherent6. Hyponyms of the same ______ are co-hyponyms.A. wordB. lexical itemC. superordinateD. hyponym7. Words that are opposite in meaning are ______.A. synonymsB. hyponymsC. antonymsD. homophones8. The word “modernizers” is composed of _____ morphemes.A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 69. According to F. de Saussure, _____ refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.A. paroleB. performanceC. langueD. language10. Language is arbitrary in that there is no logical connection between meanings and ______.A. wordsB. soundsC. objectsD. ideas11. ______ morphemes are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.A. FreeB. BoundC. RootD. Affix12. The smallest meaningful unit of language is ______.A. rootB. affixC. stemD. morpheme13. _____ refers to a word or expression that is prohibited by the “polite” society from general use.A. Linguistic tabooB. EuphemismC. Address termD. Slang14. Lying under the skull, the human brain contains an average of the ten billion nerve cells called ______.A. neuronsB. nerve systemC. nervesD. cerebral cortex15. ______ language belongs to the Sino-Tibetan Family.A. EnglishB. SpanishC. IndianD. Chinese参考答案：1--- 5ABCBD 6---10CCBCB 11---15BDAAD二、名词解释 (每个2分，共20 分)1. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.2. Morphology is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.3. Reference means what a linguistic form refers to in the real physical world; it deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.4. An illocutionary act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention; it is the act performing is saying something.5. Speech community is thus defined as a group of people who form a community (which may have few members as a family or as many members as a country), and share the same language or a particular variety of language.6. Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.7. Inflectional affixes or inflectional morphemes manifest various grammatical relations or grammatical categories such as number, tense, degree, and case.8. Pragmatics is the study of how speakers of language use sentences to effect successful communication.9. Accent refers to a way of pronunciation which tells the listener something about the speaker’s regional or social background.10. A lingua franca is a variety of language that serves as a medium of communication among groups of people from diverse linguistic backgrounds.三、简答题(每小题5分，共20分)1. What is the distinction between competence andperformance?Competence and performance was proposed by the American linguist N. Chomsky in the la te 1950’s. Chomsky defines competence as the ideal user’s knowledge of the rules of his language, and performance the actual realization of this knowledge in linguistic communication.2. What are the sense relations between sentences?Sense relations between sentences:1) X is synonymous with Y.2) X is inconsistent with Y.3) X entails Y.(Y is an entailment of X.)4) X presupposes Y. (Y is a prerequisite of X)5) X is a contradiction.6) X is semantically anomalous.3. What is idiolect?When an individual speaks, what is actually produced is a unique language system of the speaker, expressed within the overall system of a particular language. Such a personal dialect is referred to as idiolect.4. What is the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?Sapir-Whorf proposed first that all higher levels of thinking are dependent on language. Or put it more bluntly, language determines thought, hence the strong notion of linguistic determinism. Because languages differ in many ways, Whorf also believed that speakers of different languages perceive and experience the world differently, that is, relative to their linguistic background, hence the notion of linguistic relativism. In short, the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis proposes that the language we speak determines the way we perceive the world and therefore the nature of thought.四、论述题(每小题10分，共30分)1. What are the design features of language?Design features refer to the defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication.1) arbitrariness2) productivity3) duality4) displacement5) cultural transmission2. Draw a labeled constituent structure tree diagram for each of the following sentences:1) The student likes the new linguistics professor.2) John suggested Mary take the linguistics class.1. The student likes the new linguistics professor.2. John suggested (that) Mary take the linguistics class.3. What is the difference between acquisition and learning? Illustrate with examples.Acquisition refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations. Learning, however, is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings. It is recognized that children acquire their native language without explicit learning.A second language is more commonly learned but to some degree may also be acquired, depending on the environmental setting and the input received by the L2 learner.【2017年自考《现代语言学》复习题及答案】。

浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试

浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试英语写作基础试题课程代码：00597Ⅰ. Correct the errors in the following sentences.(改写病句。

) 10%Example: After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television.I resolved never to buy that brand again.After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television, I resolved never to buy that brand again.1. Sara leaped up screaming a black spider was on her leg.2. A man is judged not only by what he says but also by his deeds.3. I got on a bus that was going to the ballpark by mistake.4. While having the meal, mustard dropped onto my shirt.5. The teachers in our school earn more than your school.Ⅱ. Read the following passages and identify the topic sentence in each by underlining it.(阅读以下每段文章，然后在每段文章的主题句下划线。

)20%1. A mirror can always make a small room seem larger. A friend of mine has a living room thatmeasures about eight feet by ten, but that looks twice that size, because one entire wall is covered with mirror tiles. The furniture and pictures in the rest of the room are reflected in the mirror wall, making it look like a large extension of the entire room. Using mirrors is an effective decorating technique.2. Mary has a plan for doing well in her classes this semester. She is not going to miss any class,and she is going to take notes of all the lectures. She has blocked out three hours a day on weekdays to study as well as Saturday and Sunday afternoons. She has also formed a study group with her classmates. Finally, Mary has declared her own “dead weeks”, two weeks prior to finals for intensive study since her poor finals preparation last semester hurt her grades badly.3. Internationally renowned research excellence is an important part of academic life at DeMontfort University, giving students access to leading developments in their subject area. And its position in the “league tables”of best UK institutions, (like that of the Times newspapers), reflects that this university receives a higher proportion of top grades ——indicating research excellence at an international level ——in the Government's Research Assessment Exercise(RAE) than any other “new university”. The RAE takes place every five years to assess quality of research in universities and colleges in the UK. All of the 3 research programs assessed at De Montfort University saw improvements on the last RAE assessment.4. Men known as pearl divers gather pearls. Actually, these men do not dive. A rope to the bottom00597# 英语写作基础试题第1 页共3 页of the sea lowers them. Pearl gatherers work in pairs, with one remaining at the surface to help the other return from his dive. An experienced pearl diver can stay down about a minute and a half and can often make as many as thirty dives in one day.5. My bedroom is a small room with thick carpeting and light blue walls. Below the northwindows is my double bed covered with an imitation leopard skin bedspread. To the left of the bed against the wall is a walnut night-stand with a reading lamp, a clock, and a radio. At the foot of the bed is a wooden stand holding my portable black-and-white TV and stereo. In all four corners of the room my speakers are mounted just below the ceiling. Behind the wooden stand and in front of the closet are three red bean chairs that are sagging from years of use. Small and cluttered, my room has that “lived-in”feeling. I like my bedroom that is so cozy.Ⅲ. Rearrange the following numbered sentences so that they will be read logically. Put the numbers in proper sequence in the boxes provided below.(将下列句子按逻辑顺序重新排列组合成段落)10%Group One1. He wore a man's clothes in public, and was in the habit of shaving, or pretending to shave hisdowny cheeks.2. After he had made all these preparations, he quietly walked away to the door of his shop andstood there chatting with a friend.3. A certain boy was fond of assuming the airs of grown-up men.4. One day, with an air of great importance, he strode into the shop of a well-known barber, andwith a loud voice ordered the barber to shave his beard.5. The barber, with the utmost gravity and composure, replied, “I am waiting for beard.”6. He got the hot water ready, seated the boy on a chair, lathered his chin and sharpened the razor.7. The barber was fond of a joke, but appeared to take the order quite seriously.8. The boy bore this behavior patiently for a while; then, losing all control of himself, he turnedGroup Two1. Well, it’s actually four stores in one.2. And one of my favorite stores there is Parco.3. What’s more, no one troubles you. You can wander around as much as you like.4. Parco has its own theaters: you can see a movie or a play when you need a break from shopping.5. Parco is very popular with young people.6. Thus, you feel middle aged there if you're over 30!00597# 英语写作基础试题第2 页共3 页Ⅳ. Note-writing(写便条) 20%Your friend has just won the first prize in the Provincial English Contest. Write a note of congratulations. (About 50 words)Ⅴ. Letter-writing(写书信) (40%)Write a letter to the one who offered you a gift. In the letter you are to express your thanks and tell him/her how you like the gift and how grateful you are.(150—200 words)00597# 英语写作基础试题第3 页共3 页。

2023年自考专业(英语)《现代语言学》考试全真模拟易错、难点精编⑴(答案参考)试卷号：14

2023年自考专业(英语)《现代语言学》考试全真模拟易错、难点精编⑴（答案参考）（图片大小可自由调整）一.全考点综合测验(共50题)1.【单选题】He said that the group ________ him a letter and asked him to go there for an interview.A. have writtenB.had writtenC.wroteD.would write正确答案：B本题解析：“写信给他”应该发生在他说话之前，也就是过去的过去，用过去完成时。

2.【单选题】______ moves on a scale of the national language, dialects, and individual ways of communication.nguage changeB.Speech varietyC.Speech variationD.Speech change正确答案：C本题解析：言语的变异总是以国语、方言以及不同的个体交际语言等形式来进行。

从社会语言学的角度来看，一种言语变体无非是一种语言的方言变体而已。

3.【单选题】Modern English words man, woman, child, eat, fight, etc, originate from ______.A.Middle EnglishB.Old EnglishC.FrenchD.Norman French正确答案：B本题解析：古英语可以追溯到公元5 世纪中叶，当时说英语的盎格鲁一撒克逊人从北欧入侵了不列颠群岛。

英语中绝大多数基本单词均来自古英语，比如man, woman, Child, house 等。

4.【单选题】The other timing system belongs in our internal clocks，which，left ________，would tie the body to a 25-hour rhythm.A.behindB.aloneC.outD.aside正确答案：B本题解析：译文：更不用说，另一个定时系统在我们的人体时钟内，它会使人保持在一个25 小时的生理节奏上。

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浙江省2004年1月高等教育自学考试现代语言学试题课程代码：00830一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题2分，共20分)1. English consonants can be classified into stops. fricatives, nasals, etc. , in terms of ( ).A. manner of articulationB. openness of mouthC. place of articulationD. voicing2. The study of how words are combined to form sentences is called ( ).A. phoneticsB. morphologyC. syntaxD. semantics3. According to Chomsky, ( ) is the ideal user’s internalized knowledge of his language.A. competenceB. paroleC. performanceD. langue4. “Sweets”and “candy”are used respectively in Britain in and America, but refer to the same thing. The words are ( ) synonyms.A. collocationalB. dialectalC. completeD. stylistic5. Different meanings can be associated with one linguistic form, but there is no basic meaning among them. This is known as ( ).A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. antonymy6. “How fast did he drive when he ran the red light?”( ) “He ran the red light”.A. entailsB. contradictsC. presupposesD. includes7. The word “lab”is formed through ( ).A. back formationB. blendingC. clippingD. derivation8. ( ) in the brain fulfills the function of speech production.A. Angular gyrusB. Broca’s areaC. The right hemisphereD. Wernicke’s area9. When a child uses “mummy”to refer to any woman, most probably his “mummy”means ( ).A. + HumanB. + Human + AdultC. + Human + Adult – MaleD. + Human + Adult - Male + Parent10. ( ) is not a suprasegmental feature.A. AspirationB. Intonation00830# 现代语言学试题第1 页共3 页C. StressD. Tone二、在下列空格中填上以给出字母开始的恰当的单词。

（每空1分，共16分）1. D_________ is a design feature of human language that enables speakers to talk about a wide range of things, free from barriers caused by separation in time and space.2. S_________ study of language describes language at some point in time; d_________ study describes language as it changes through time.3. N_________ transcription transcribes sounds with diacritics, while b_________ transcription does not.4. A sentence has a hierarchical structure and l_________ structure as well.5. Unlike a sentence, the meaning of an u_________ is concrete and context-dependent.6. Chinese belongs to S_________ language family, while English belongs to I _________ language family.7. R_________ are situational dialects appropriate for use in particular situations; i_________ is a personal dialect.8. When a p_________ comes to be adopted by a population as its primary language and children learn it as their first language, it becomes c_________.9. I_________ is the approximate linguistic system that a second language learner constructs, which represents the learner’s transitional competence in the target language.10. A_________ is the learner’s process of adapting to the culture and value system of the target language community.11. Words that have descended from a common source are c_________.三、判断下列各题，正确的在题后括号内写“T”，错误的写“F”并且加以改正。

（每小题2分，共20分）1. “Beat”and “bit”are not a minimal pair. ( )2. Compounds are words created by combining two or more than two words. ( )3. Linguistic change occurs only in sound and lexical system, but not in syntax. ( )4. In a predication, the argument is said to govern the predicate. ( )5. Modern English began with the Norman Conquest. ( )6. Bilingualism is a situation in which two different varieties of a language co-exist in a speech community. ( )7. The case of Genie suggests that the language faculty of an average human degenerates after the critical period. ( )8. Interference is the only source of errors in the second language acquisition. ( )9. When a plural form -s is added to a noun that ends with a vowel, it is pronounced as ［z］, due to assimilation. ( )10. In the sentence “The father beat the child”, “the child”is both a structural and logical object. ( )四、名词解释，并至少举一例加以说明（每小题4分，共24分）00830# 现代语言学试题第2 页共3 页1. duality2. phoneme3. complex sentence4. reference5. perlocutionary act6. linguistic taboo五、论述题（每小题10分，共20分）1. Comment on the following conversation in terms of Grice’s Cooperative Principle:A: Where’ve you been?B: Out.2. Analyse the following words and show how many morphemes each of them contains: specialize , indisputable, individualistic, downfall, unexceptionableness, ungentlemanliness (每个语素0. 5分)00830# 现代语言学试题第3 页共3 页。