病理实习常用名词中英文对照表
医学常用病理学名词英语翻译
医学常用病理学名词英语翻译Medical Common Pathology Terms English TranslationIn the field of medicine, pathology plays a vital role in diagnosing and understanding diseases. Pathologists use various diagnostic techniques and terminologies to describe and classify diseases accurately. In this article, we will explore some commonly used pathology terms and their English translations.1. 病理学(Bìnglǐxué) - PathologyPathology is the medical discipline concerned with the study of diseases. It involves examining tissues, organs, and body fluids to diagnose diseases and understand their causes and effects.2. 疾病 (Jíbìng) - DiseaseDisease refers to a particular abnormal condition that affects the functioning and structure of an organism. Pathologists analyze the nature, causes, and effects of diseases to assist in their diagnosis and treatment.3. 细胞(Xìbāo) - CellCells are the basic structural and functional units of life. In pathology, the study of abnormal cellular changes helps in identifying diseases and determining their characteristics.4. 组织(Zǔzhī) - TissueTissues are groups of cells with similar structures and functions. Pathologists examine tissues to identify abnormal changes that may indicate pathology or disease.5. 肿瘤(Zhǒngliú) - TumorA tumor refers to an abnormal growth or mass of cells. Pathologists study tumors to determine their nature, whether they are benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).6. 癌症 (Áizhèng) - CancerCancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells. Pathologists analyze cancer cells to identify their type, stage, and potential for metastasis.7. 炎症 (Yánzhèng) - InflammationInflammation is the body's protective response to injury, infection, or tissue damage. Pathologists examine inflammatory responses to diagnose and monitor various diseases.8. 溃疡 (Kuìyáng) - UlcerAn ulcer is a sore that forms when the skin or mucous membrane is damaged and does not heal. Pathologists study ulcers to identify their characteristics and underlying causes.9. 扩张(Kuòzhāng) - DilatationDilatation refers to the enlargement or expansion of organs, blood vessels, or other structures. Pathologists analyze these changes to identify associated diseases or conditions.10. 坏死(Huàisǐ) - NecrosisNecrosis is the death of cells or tissues caused by factors such as injury, infection, or insufficient blood supply. Pathologists examine necrotic tissues to investigate the causes and effects of cell death.11. 水肿(Shuǐzhǒng) - EdemaEdema is the excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissues, leading to swelling. Pathologists study edema to understand its causes and its significance in certain diseases.12. 结石 (Jiéshí) - CalculusCalculus refers to the formation of hard mineral deposits in organs or ducts, such as kidney stones or gallstones. Pathologists analyze these calculi to determine their composition and potential complications.13. 梗塞(Gěngsè) - InfarctionInfarction occurs when a blood clot or other obstruction blocks the blood supply to a specific tissue or organ, causing cell death. Pathologists investigate infarctions to understand their causes and effects.14. 纤维化(Xiānwéihuà) - FibrosisFibrosis is the excessive accumulation of fibrous connective tissue in response to damage or inflammation. Pathologists analyze fibrotic changes to evaluate disease progression and complications.15. 化脓 (Huàní) - SuppurationSuppuration refers to the formation or presence of pus in infected tissues or organs. Pathologists identify and analyze suppurative processes to diagnose and manage infectious diseases.16. 嗜酸性(Shìān Xìng) - EosinophilicEosinophilic describes the presence of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, in certain tissues or fluids. Pathologists use this term to describe specific cellular changes in various diseases.These are just a few examples of common pathology terms and their English translations. The accurate translation and understanding of these terms are essential for medical professionals worldwide to communicate effectively and work collaboratively in diagnosing and treating diseases.。
病理英语词汇整理
第一章：细胞和组织的适应与损伤pathology——病理学autopsy——尸体解剖biopsy——活组织检查hyperplasia——增生hypertrophy——肥大atrophy——萎缩degeneration—变性metaplasia——化生calcification——钙化necrosis——坏死gangrene——坏疽apoptosis——凋落（凋亡）organization——机化第二章：损伤的修复regeneration——再生wound healing——创伤愈合fracture healing——骨折愈合第三章：局部血液循环障碍hyperemia——充血congestion——淤血ischemia——缺血thrombosis——血栓形成embolus——栓子embolism——栓塞infarction——梗死第四章：炎症inflammation——炎症alteration——变质exudation——渗出proliferation——增生chronic granulomatous imflammation ——慢性肉芽肿性炎症fibrinous inflammation——纤维素性炎症suppurative or purulent inflammation ——化脓性炎abscess——脓肿第五章：肿瘤tumor，neoplasm——肿瘤atypia——异型性metastasis——转移carcinoma——癌sarcoma——肉瘤adenocarcinoma—腺癌lipoma---脂肪瘤fibrosarcoma----纤维肉瘤第六章：心血管系统疾病atherosclerosis——动脉粥样硬化benign hypertension——良性高血压rheumatism——风湿病subacute infective endocarditis ——亚急性感染性心内膜炎myocardial infarction——心肌梗死第七章：呼吸系统疾病chronic bronchitis——慢性支气管炎emphysema——肺气肿lobar pneumonia——大叶性肺炎silicosis——矽肺第八章：消化系统疾病gastritis——胃炎viral hepatitis——病毒性肝炎liver cirrhosis——肝硬化第九章：淋巴造血系统病第十章：免疫性疾病哈哈，也没有哟~第十一章：泌尿系统疾病glomerulonephritis——肾小球肾炎crescent——新月体pyelonephritis——肾盂肾炎hydronephrosis——肾盂积水第十二章：生殖系统和乳腺疾病hydatidiform mole——水泡状胎块（葡萄胎）choriocarcinoma——绒毛膜癌第十三章：内分泌系统病啦啦啦~有没有耶~第十四章：神经系统疾病meningitis——脑膜炎epidemic encephalitis B——流行性乙型脑炎第十五章：传染病tuberculosis——结核病typhoid fever——伤寒bacillary dysentery——细菌性痢疾syphilid——梅毒疹第十六章：寄生虫病amoebiasis——阿米巴病schistosomiasis——血吸虫病。
病理英文专业词汇
1-01 脾萎缩(spleen atrophy)1-02心肌萎缩(myocardium atrophy)1-03颅骨压迫性萎缩(cranial pressure atrophy)1-04肾压迫性萎缩(kidney pressure atrophy)1-05脑压迫性萎缩(encephalic pressure atrophy)1-06 肝水变性(hepatic hydropic degeneration)1-07 肝脂肪变(hepatic fatty degeneration)1-08 纤维组织玻璃样变性（瘢痕疙瘩）(keloid)1-09 肾凝固性梗死(renal coagulative necrosis)1-10 结核干酪样坏死(caseous necrosis)1-11 液化性坏死（脑脓肿）(lliquefactive necrosis)1-12 干性坏疽(dry gangrene)1-13 湿性坏疽（坏疽性阑尾炎）(moist gangrene)1-14 皮肤溃疡(dermal ulcer)1-15 肝细胞压迫性萎缩（肝癌）(pressure atrophy of liver)1-16 肾小管上皮细胞水变性和玻璃样变性(hydropic and hyaline degeneration of renal tubular cells)1-17 脾中央动脉玻璃样变(hyaline degeneration of central arteriole of spleen)1-18 肝脂肪变性(hepatic fatty degeneration)1-19坏死细胞的形态（the morphological change of necrosis cell）1-20 肾贫血性梗死(anemic infarct of the kidney)2-01脾梗死瘢痕(splenic infarct scar)2-02 瘢痕疙瘩（keloid）2-03骨折愈合(healing of bone fracture）2-04 肉芽组织(granulation tissue)2-05 间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell)2-06 骨折愈合(healing of bone fracture）3-01肝淤血（槟榔肝）(nutmeg liver)3-02脾淤血 (spleen congestion)3-03肾淤血 (kidney congestion)3-04食管静脉曲张 (esophageal varices)3-05脑出血 (cerebral hemorrhage)3-06血管内血栓 (blood vessel thrombus)3-07心房附壁血栓 (cardiac mural thrombus)3-08脾贫血性梗死 (spleen anemic infarct)3-09肾梗死瘢痕 (infartion scar of kidney )3-10肺出血性梗死 (hemorrhagic infarct of lung)3-11肠出血性梗死 (hemorrhagic infarct of intestine)3-12肺动脉栓塞 (pulmonary artery embolism)3-13肝淤血脂变 (liver fatty change)3-14肺淤血水肿 (pulmonary congestion)3-15慢性肺淤血（肺褐色硬变）(chronic pulmonary congestion) 3-16混合血栓(mixed thrombus）3-17血栓机化(thrombus organization）4-02 纤维蛋白性心包炎(fibrinous pericarditis)4-03咽喉及气管白喉(gular or tracheal diphtheria)4-04 细菌性痢疾(bacillary dysentery)4-05蜂窝织炎（阴囊）(phlegmonous inflammation)4-06 肾脓肿 (renal abscess)4-07 肝脓肿 (liver abscess)4-08 化脓性脑膜炎 (purulent meningitis)4-09 急性卡他胃炎 (acute catarrh gastritis)4-10 炭疽性脑膜炎 (anthrax meningitis)4-11 慢性胆囊炎 (chronic cholecystitis)4-12 慢性输卵管炎 (chronic salpingitis)4-13 慢性肥厚性胃炎(chronic hypertrophic gastritis)4-14 肠道慢性炎症—肠息肉 (intestinal polyp)4-15慢性心包炎 (chronic pericarditis)4-16 脾周围炎（糖衣脾）(perisplenitis)4-17慢性扁桃体炎 (chronic tonsillitis)4-18大网膜急性炎(acute inflammation of omentum）4-19鼻息肉(nasal polyp）4-20纤维蛋白性心包炎(pericarditis）4-21假膜性炎（细菌性痢疾）4-22皮下蜂窝织炎(subcutanous phlegmonous inflammation）4-23肺脓肿(pulmonary abscess）4-24肠息肉(intestinal polyp）4-25慢性胆囊炎(chronic cholecystitis）4-26肛门瘘管(anal fistula）4-27异物肉芽肿性炎(foreign body granuloma）5-01乳头状瘤(papilloma)5-02 甲状腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)5-03 乳腺纤维腺瘤(fibroadenoma of the breast)5-04 卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤(ovary mucinus cystadenoma)5-05 结肠腺瘤性息肉病5-06 皮肤鳞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of skin)5-07 食管鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus)5-08 阴茎鳞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of penis)5-09 乳腺腺癌(mammary adenocarcinoma)5-10 肠腺癌(intestine adenocarcinoma)5-11 肺癌(lung cancer)5-12 肺癌脑转移(brain metastasis of lung cancer)5-13 肝癌肺转移(lung metastasis of liver cancer)5-14 胰腺癌肝转移(liver metastases of pancreatic cancer)5-15 乳腺癌淋巴结转移(lymph node metastasis of breast carcinoma)5-16胃粘液癌大网膜种植转移(epiploon implantation metastasis of gastric mucinous carcinoma )5-17 纤维瘤(fibroma)5-18 脂肪瘤(lipoma)5-19 软骨瘤(chondroma)5-20 骨瘤(osteoma)5-21 子宫平滑肌瘤(fibromyoma uteri)5-22 皮下的毛细血管瘤(subcutaneous capillary hemangioma) 5-23 肝内的海绵状血管瘤(cavernous hemangioma of liver) 5-24 淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)5-25纤维肉瘤(fibrosarcoma)5-26 骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma)5-27软骨肉瘤(chondrosarcoma)5-28脂肪肉瘤(liposarcoma)5-29神经鞘瘤 (neurinoma)5-30 黑色素瘤 (melanoma)5-31 囊性畸胎瘤(cystic teratoma)5-32 实性畸胎瘤(solid teratoma)5-33 皮肤乳头状瘤(papilloma of the skin)5-34 甲状腺腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)5-35 肠腺瘤(enteric adenoma)5-36 鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma)5-37结肠腺癌(colonic adenocarcinoma)5-38 乳腺腺癌(mammary adenocarcinoma)5-39 淋巴结转移癌(metastasis carcinoma of the lymph nodes) 5-40 纤维瘤(fibroma)5-41 脂肪瘤(lipoma)5-42 毛细血管瘤( capillary hemangioma)5-43 纤维肉瘤 (fibrosarcoma)5-44 骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma)5-45 神经鞘瘤(neurinoma)5-46 黑色素瘤(melanoma)6-01主动脉粥样硬化 (aortic atherosclerosis)6-02脑底动脉硬化 (cerebral atherosclerosis)6-03心肌梗死 (myocardial infarction)6-04脑出血 (cerebral hemorrhage)6-05高血压之肾(kidney of hypertention)6-06高血压之心 (heart of hypertention)6-07急性风湿性心内膜炎 (acute rheumatic endocarditis)6-08 亚急性感染性心内膜炎(subacute i nfective endocarditis)6-09风湿性心脏瓣膜病——二尖瓣狭窄 (rheumatic valvular heart disease) 6-10急性克山病之心脏 (heart of acute Keshan disease)6-11慢性克山病之心脏 (heart of chronic Keshan disease)6-12主动脉粥样硬化(aortic atherosclerosis)6-13冠状动脉粥样硬化 (coronary atherosclerosis)6-14高血压之肾(kidney of hypertention)6-15风湿性心肌炎 (rheumatic myocarditis)6-16风湿性心内膜炎 (rheumatic endocarditis)6-17亚急性感染性心内膜炎 (subacute infective endocarditis)6-18 心肌梗死 (myocardial infarction)6-19 心肌病 (myocardiopathy)7-01支气管扩张(bronchiectasis)7-02肺脓肿(pulmonary abscess)7-03肺气肿(emphysema)7-04慢性肺源性心脏病(chronic pulmonary heart disease)7-05 大叶性肺炎(红色肝样变期) (lobar pneumonia, red hepatization)7-06大叶性肺炎（灰色肝样变期）(lobar pneumonia, gray hepatization)7-07小叶性肺炎 (lobular pneumonia)7-08病毒性肺炎 (viral pneumonia)7-09 硅肺(silicosis)7-10 肺癌 (lung cancer)7-11大叶性肺炎(灰色肝样变期)(lobar pneumonia, gray hepatization)7-12 支气管肺炎(bronchopneumonia)7-13间质性肺炎 (interstitial pneumonia)7-14病毒性肺炎(viral pneumonia)7-15 慢性支气管炎(chronic bronchitis)7-16 硅肺(silicosis)7-17鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma)7-18 肺癌(lung carcinoma)8-01 消化性溃疡病(peptic ulcer disease)8-02 急性化脓性阑尾炎(acute suppurative appendicitis)8-03 急性坏疽性阑尾炎(acute gangrenous appendicitis)8-04 慢性阑尾炎(chronic appendicitis)8-05 阑尾粘液囊肿(appendix mucocele)8-06 急性重症肝炎（急性黄色肝萎缩）(acute severe hepatitis)8-07 亚急性重症肝炎（亚急性黄色肝萎缩）(subacute severe hepatitis)8-08 门脉性肝硬化(portal cirrhosis)8-09 胆汁性肝硬化(biliary cirrhosis)8-10 坏死后性肝硬化(post-necrotic cirrhosis)8-11 息肉型胃癌(polypoid type of gastric carcinoma)8-12 溃疡型胃癌(ulcerative type of gastric carcinoma)8-13 浸润型胃癌(infiltrating type of gastric carcinoma)8-14 食管癌(carcinoma of the esophagus)8-15 巨块型肝癌(unifocal large mass type of primary carcinoma of the liver)8-16 结节型肝癌(multifocal type with numerous nodules of primary carcinoma of the liver)8-17 胰腺癌(carcinoma of the pancreas)8-18 结肠癌(carcinoma of colon)8-19 急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystitis)8-20 慢性胆囊炎(chronic cholecystitis)8-21 慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis)8-22 慢性胃溃疡(chronic gastric ulcer)8-23 急性阑尾炎(acute appendicitis)8-24 慢性阑尾炎(chronic appendicitis)8-25 门脉性肝硬化(portal cirrhosis)8-26 胆汁性肝硬化(biliary cirrhosis)8-27 急性（普通型）肝炎( acute hepatitis)8-28 急性重症肝炎(acute severe hepatitis)8-29 亚急性重症肝炎(subacute severe hepatitis)8-30 急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystitis)8-31 胃粘液腺癌(mucinous gland gastric carcinoma)8-32 食管癌(carcinoma of the esophagus)8-33 肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma)9-01 霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-02非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-03非霍奇金淋巴瘤之淋巴结 (lymph node of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma )9-04急、慢性髓母细胞性白血病 (actue/chronic myelogenous leukemia)9-05 慢性粒细胞白血病之脾 (spleen of chronic myelogenous leukemia)9-06霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-07 非霍奇金淋巴瘤—小细胞淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-08急性髓母细胞白血病之肝脏（liver of acute myeloblastic leukemia ）9-09急性髓母细胞性白血病（血图片）(acute myeloblastic leukemia)10-01狼疮性肾炎(lupus nephritis)10-02 心脏移植(heart transplantation)11-01急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎(acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis) 11-02新月体性肾小球肾炎(crescentic glomerulonephritis)11-03慢性肾小球肾炎(chronic glomerulonephritis)11-04急性肾盂肾炎(acute pyelonephritis)11-05慢性肾盂肾炎(chronic pyelonephritis)11-06肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma)11-07膀胱乳头状癌(papillary carcinoma of bladder)11-08肾母细胞瘤(nephroblastoma)11-09急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎(acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis)11-10 新月体性肾小球肾炎(crescentic glomerulonephritis)11-11 轻微病变性肾小球肾炎(minimal change glomerulonephritis)11-12 膜性肾小球肾炎(membranous glomerulonephritis)11-13 膜性增生性肾小球肾炎(membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis)11-14 慢性肾小球肾炎(chronic glomerulonephritis)11-15 急性肾盂肾炎(acute pyelonephritis)11-16 慢性肾盂肾炎(chronic pyelonephritis)11-17 肾透明细胞癌(clear cell renal carcinoma)11-18膀胱移行细胞癌(transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder)12-01 子宫颈癌（外生菜花型）(cervical carcinoma)12-02 子宫内膜腺癌(endometrial adenocarcinoma)12-03 子宫平滑肌瘤(leiomyoma of the uterus)12-04 完全性葡萄胎(hydatidiform mole）12-05 绒毛膜癌(choriocarcinoma)12-06 卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤（mucinous cystadenoma of ovary）12-07 卵巢浆液性乳头状囊腺瘤(serous cystadenoma of ovary)12-08 乳腺纤维腺瘤(fibroadenoma of the breast)12-09 乳腺癌(carcinoma of the breast)12-10 炎症性乳腺癌(inflammatory carcinoma of the breast)12-11 慢性子宫颈炎(chronic cervicitis)12-12 子宫颈浸润性鳞状细胞癌(invasive squamous cell carcinoma)12-13 葡萄胎(hydatidiform mole)12-14 绒毛膜癌(choriocarcinoma)12-15 卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(serous cystadenoma of ovary)12-16 乳腺浸润性导管癌(invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast)13-01 单纯性甲状腺肿(simple goiter)13-02 毒性甲状腺肿(toxic goiter)13-03 甲状腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)13-04 甲状腺癌(carcinoma of thyroid)13-05胶样甲状腺肿（colloid goiter）13-06 毒性甲状腺肿(toxic goiter)13-07 甲状腺滤泡性腺瘤(follicular adenoma of thyroid)13-08 甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary carcinoma of thyroid)13-09 甲状腺髓样癌(medullary carcinoma of thyroid)14-01 流行性脑脊髓膜炎(epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis)14-02 流行性乙型脑炎(epidemic encephalitis B)14-3 胶质瘤(glioma)14-03流行性脑脊髓膜炎 (epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis)14-04 流行性乙型脑炎(epidemic encephalitis B)15-01原发性肺结核病 (primary pulmonary tuberculosis)15-02支气管淋巴结结核病15-03肺粟粒性结核病 (pulmonary miliary tuberculosis)15-04全身粟粒性结核病( systemic miliary tuberculosis)15-05局灶型肺结核15-06浸润型肺结核(Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis)15-07干酪样肺炎(caseous pneumonia)15-8急性空洞性肺结核15-9慢性纤维空洞型肺结核(chronic fibro-cavitative pulmonary tuberculosis )15-10肺结核球 (tuberculoma)15-11结核性胸膜炎 (tuberculous pleuritis)15-12肠结核病（溃疡型）(intestinal tuberculosis，ulcer)15-13肾结核病 (t uberculosis of kidney)15-14结核性脑膜炎(tubercular meningitis)15-15 脊髓结核 (tuberculosis of spine)15-16 关节结核(tuberculosis of joint)15-17附睾结核 (tuberculosis of epididymis)15-18腹膜及肠系膜淋巴结结核 (tuberculosis of epididymis)15-19肠伤寒各期之回肠 (typhoid fever)15-20细菌性痢疾之结肠 (colon of bacillary dysentery)15-21中毒型细菌性痢疾 (toxic type bacillary dysentery)15-22流行性出血热之心(heart of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)15-23流行出血热之肾(kidney of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)15-24白色念珠菌病之食管(esophagus of white candidiasis )15-25肺粟粒性结核病（以增生为主）(proliferative pulmonary tuberculosis) 15-26肺粟粒性结核病（以渗出为主） (exudative pulmonary tuberculosis) 15-27肺结核球(tuberculosis)15-28肠结核（溃疡型）(intestinal tuberculosis)15-29结核性脑膜炎(tubercular meningitis)15-30肠伤寒(typhoid fever)15-31细菌性痢疾 (bacillary dysentery)15-32 尖锐湿疣(condyloma acuminatum)15-33肺曲菌病 (aspergillosis of lung)15-34流行性出血热肾脏(kidney of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)16-01 结肠阿米巴病(intestinal amoebiasis)16-02 阿米巴肝脓肿(amoebic liver abscess)16-03 肠阿米巴病(intestinal amoebiasis)16-04 血吸虫病(schistosomiasis)16-05 肺吸虫病(parogonimiasis)。
病理学名词范围(重点完整版)
病理学教材部分英文专业词汇组织适应及损伤*biopsy 活体组织检查：简称活检，即用局部切取、钳取、细针穿刺、搔刮和切取病变器官等手术方法，从患者活体获取病变组织或病变器官进行病理诊断，为临床疾病的治疗提供指导和估计愈后。
*pathology 病理学：是用自然科学的方法研究疾病的形态结构、代谢和功能等方面的改变，从而揭示疾病的病因、发病机制和转归的医学基础学科。
*hypertrophy 肥大：细胞体积的增大称为肥大。
通常由于实质细胞的肥大所致，可伴有细胞数量的增加。
*atrophy 萎缩：发育正常的实质细胞因细胞物质的丢失而体积变小称为萎缩。
*metaplasia 化生：一种分化成熟的细胞为另一种分化成熟的细胞所替代的过程称为化生。
*degeneration变性：可逆的细胞损伤称为变性。
*hydropic degeneration 水样变性：细胞膜依赖能量的离子泵功能障碍使细胞不能维持离子和液体的平衡，导致细胞肿胀，称为水样变性。
*fatty degeneration/fatty change 脂肪变性：细胞内脂肪的异常蓄积称脂肪变。
lipofuscin 脂褐素：自噬泡内的某些细胞碎片不能被消化而以包膜包绕的形式存在于细胞质，称为残体，即光镜下所见的脂褐素。
*coagulation necrosis 凝固性坏死：指坏死组织尚保留原组织的细胞轮廓，呈灰白干燥的凝固状，称凝固性坏死。
*caseous necrosis 干酪样坏死：特殊的凝固性坏死，肉眼观微黄，质松软、细腻，状似干酪而得名。
*liquefaction necrosis 液化性坏死：组织坏死很快因酶性分解而变成液态，呈液化性坏死。
常发生于含脂质多和含蛋白酶多的组织。
*hyaline degeneration 玻璃样变性：指在常规HE切片中细胞内或细胞外组织变成均质红染毛玻璃样，又称透明变或透明变性。
Metastatic calcification 转移性钙化：是指全身钙磷代谢障碍、血钙和血磷增高所引起的某些组织的异常钙盐沉积。
医学常用病理学术语英汉翻译
医学常用病理学术语英汉翻译Introduction医学常用病理学术语英汉翻译文章致力于提供医学病理学术语的准确翻译，帮助读者更好地理解医学病理学的专业术语。
以下是一些常用医学病理学术语的英汉翻译。
1. Pathology（病理学）病理学是研究疾病本质及其发生机制的科学。
它通过对疾病的分类、诊断和预后进行研究，为临床诊疗提供依据。
2. Biopsy（活组织检查）活组织检查是通过采取组织样本，经过染色、显微镜观察及其他分析方法来确认细胞或组织的病理情况。
它通常用于确定组织是否存在疾病变化，以便进行诊断和治疗。
3. Necrosis（坏死）坏死是细胞或组织受到严重损伤或死亡的过程。
常见的坏死类型包括凝固性坏死（coagulative necrosis）、液化性坏死（liquefactive necrosis）和干酪样坏死（caseous necrosis）等。
4. Metastasis（转移）转移是指恶性肿瘤的细胞或组织从一个部位扩散到其他部位的过程。
它是癌症的重要特征之一，会导致肿瘤的远处扩散，增加患者的病情复杂性。
5. Inflammation（炎症）炎症是身体对组织损伤或异物侵入的非特异性反应。
它涉及到免疫细胞的介入和炎性介质的释放，通常表现为红肿、疼痛和局部温度升高等症状。
6. Hyperplasia（增生）增生是指细胞数量的增加，可以导致组织或器官的增大。
它通常是一种可逆的病理过程，而不像癌症中的肿瘤增殖那样无止境。
7. Dysplasia（异型增生）异型增生是一种细胞形态异常的病理过程，可能是癌前病变的早期指标之一。
它通常表现为细胞形态的不规则和异常，但尚未具备恶性肿瘤的特征。
8. Carcinoma（癌症）癌症是恶性肿瘤的一种类型，其中细胞无法进行正常的调控和分化。
它可以发生在不同的组织和器官，如肺癌、乳腺癌等。
9. Sarcoma（肉瘤）肉瘤是一种恶性肿瘤，起源于身体的结缔组织，如骨髓、肌肉或软组织。
病理学名词解释及其英语要求
名词解释及其英语要求绪论1.人体病理学human pathology2.实验病理学experimental pathology3.活体组织检查biopsyautopsy第一章4.适应adaptation5.萎缩atrophy6.肥大hypertrophy7.增生hyperplasia8.化生metaplasia9.变性degeneration10.可逆性损伤reversible injury11.细胞水肿cellular swelling12.脂肪变性fatty change ORsteatosis13.玻璃样变(透明变) hyalinization ORhyaline degeneration14.虎斑心15.坏死necrosis16.凝固性坏死coagulative necrosis17.干酪样坏死caseous necrosis18.液化性坏死liquefactive necrosis19.脂肪坏死fat necrosis20.坏疽gangrene21.病理性钙化pathologic calcification22.营养不良性钙化dystrophic calcification23.转移性钙化metastatic calcification24.机化organization25.包裹encapsulation26.调亡apoptosis第二章27.修复repair28.再生regeneration29.完全再生30.纤维性修复31.不稳定细胞labile cells32.稳定细胞stable cells33.永久性细胞permanent cells34.生长因子growth factor35.接触性抑制contact inhibition36.肉芽组织granulation tissue37.瘢痕组织scar tissue38.一期愈合healing by first intention39.二期愈合healing by second intention40.暂时性骨痂41.编制骨woven bone第三章42.瘀血congestion43.肺褐色硬化brown duration44.心力衰竭细胞heart failure cells45.槟榔肝nutmeg liver46.血栓形成thrombosis47.白色血栓pale thrombus48.混合血栓mixed thrombus49.透明血栓hyaline thrombus50.再通recanalization51.栓塞embolism52.梗死infarction53.出血性梗死hemorrhagic infarct54.贫血性梗死anemic infarct55.败血型梗死septic infarct56.脂肪栓塞fat embolism57.气体栓塞gas embolism58.交叉性栓塞crossed embolism59.羊水栓塞amniotic fluid embolism第四章60.炎症inflammation61.变质alteration62.渗出exudation63.血流停滞stasis64.穿胞作用transcytosis65.趋化作用chmotaxis66.吞噬作用67.调理素opsonin68.炎症介质inflammatory mediator69.浆液性炎serous inflammation70.卡他catarrh71.纤维素性炎fibrinous inflammation72.伪膜性炎73.化脓性炎suppurative or purulent inflammation脓液pus脓细胞74.蜂窝织炎phlegmonous inflammation75.脓肿abscess76.出血性炎hemorrhagic inflammation77.毒血症toxemia78.菌血症bacteremia79.败血症septicemia80.脓毒败血症pyemia81.窦道sinus82.瘘管fistula83.肉芽肿性炎chronic granulomatous inflammation84.炎性息肉及炎性假瘤85.异物巨细胞第五章86.肿瘤tumor OR neoplasm87.异型性atypia88.肿瘤的分化differentiation89.间变analasia90.癌cancer91.肉瘤sarcoma92.膨胀性生长expansile growth93.外生性生长exophytic growth94.浸润性生长invasive growth95.肿瘤的演进progression96.肿瘤的异质性heterogeneity97.生长分数growth fraction98.直接蔓延direct spreading99.转移metastasis100.种植性转移implantation metastasis 101.恶病质cancer cachexia102.副肿瘤综合征paraneoplastic syndrome 103.交界性肿瘤borderline tumor 104.囊腺瘤cystadenoma105.角化珠keratin pearl106.胶样癌(粘液癌) colloid carcinoma107.印戒细胞signet-ring cell108.癌前病变（疾病）precancerous lesion(disease) 109.非典型增生atypical hyperplasia 110.原位癌CIS111.癌基因oncogene112.肿瘤抑制基因tumor suppressor gene 113.Codman三角114.日光放射状阴影115.视网膜母细胞瘤rentinoblastoma116.恶性黑色素瘤malignant melanoma第六章117.动脉粥样硬化atherosclerosis118.泡沫细胞119.粥样斑块atheromatous plague120.AS性肾固缩121.冠状动脉性心脏病CHD122.心绞痛angina pectoris123.心肌梗死myocardial infarction MI 124.心内膜下心肌梗死subendocardial MI 125.透壁性心肌梗死transmural MI 126.环状梗死circumferential infarction 127.室壁瘤ventricular aneurysm 128.冠状动脉性猝死sudden coronary death 129.原发性高血压primary hypertension 130.心脏向心性肥大concentric hypertrophy 131.原发性颗粒性固缩肾primary granularatrophy of the kidney 132.高血压脑病hypertensive encephalopathy 133.脑软化softening of brain 134.急进性高血压accelerated hypertension 135.增生性小动脉硬化hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis 136.坏死性细动脉炎necrotizing arteriolitis 137.风湿病rheumatism138.风湿细胞Aschoff body(cell) 139.疣状赘生物verrucous vegetation 140.MacCallum斑141.绒毛心cor villosum142.环形红斑erythema annulare 143.亚急性感染性心内膜炎subacute infectiveendocarditis144.急性感染性心内膜炎acute infectiveendocarditis145.心瓣膜病valvular disease VD第七章146.大叶性肺炎Lobar pneumonia 147.红色肝样变148.灰色肝样变149.肺肉质变pulmonary carnification 150.小叶性肺炎lobular pneumonia 151.透明膜152.慢性阻塞性肺疾病COPD153.肺气肿pulmonary emphysema 154.肺心病chronic cor pulmonale 155.硅结节silicotic156.隐性肺癌carcinoma of the lung 157.燕麦细胞癌158.泡状核细胞癌vesicular nucleus cellcarcinoma第八章159.肠上皮化生intestinal metaplasia 160.假幽门腺化生161.幽门梗阻162.胞浆疏松化163.气球样变164.嗜酸性变165.嗜酸性坏死166.点状坏死spotty necrosis 167.桥接坏死bridging necrosis 168.碎片状坏死piecemeal necrosis 169.毛玻璃样肝细胞170.肝硬化liver cirrhosis 171.假小叶172.海蛇头现象caput medusa 173.羽毛状坏死174.Barrett食管175.早期食管癌176.早期胃癌177.进展期胃癌178.革囊胃179.Krukenberg瘤180.早期肝癌第九章181.淋巴组织肿瘤lymphoid neoplasms 182.恶性淋巴瘤malignant lymphoma 183.霍奇金淋巴瘤HL184.镜影细胞mirror image cell 185.陷窝细胞lacunar cell186.爆米花细胞(L&H细胞) lymphohistiocyticvariant187.白血病leukemia188.绿色瘤chloroma第十章189.自身免疫性疾病autoimmune disease 190.系统性红斑狼疮SLE191.狼疮小体（苏木素小体）192.狼疮细胞193.狼疮带194.类风湿性关节炎rheumatoid arthritis 195.血管翳pannus196.类风湿小节rheumatoid nodule 197.免疫缺陷病immunodeficiency disease 198.艾滋病AIDS第十一章199.肾小球肾炎glomerulonephritis 200.急性肾炎综合征acute nephritic syndrome 201.急进性肾炎综合征rapidly progressivenephritic syndrome 202.肾病综合征nephritic syndrome203.慢性肾炎综合征chronic nephritic syndrome 204.氮质血症azotemia205.尿毒症uremia206.大红肾(蚤咬肾)207.新月体crescent208.大白肾209.微小病变性肾小球肾炎minimal changeglomerulopathy （脂性肾病lipoidnephrosis）210.继发性颗粒性固缩肾211.胶样管型第十二章212.纳博特囊肿Nabothian cyst 213.子宫颈真性糜烂214.子宫颈假性糜烂215.子宫颈上皮内瘤变CIN216.子宫颈上皮非典型增生cervical epithelialdysplasia217.子宫颈原位癌carcinoma in situ 218.微小浸润性鳞癌microinvasive squamouscell carcinoma 219.葡萄胎hydatidiform mole 220.细胞滋养层细胞syncytiotrophblast 221.合体滋养层细胞cyyotrophoblast 222.侵蚀性葡萄胎invasive mole 223.绒毛膜癌choriocarcinoma 224.畸胎瘤225.粉刺癌comedocatcinoma 226.小叶内原位癌lobular carcinoma in situ 227.非粉刺型导管癌noncomedo intraductalcarcinoma228.浸润性导管癌invasive ductal carcinoma 229.浸润性小叶癌invasive lobular carcinoma第十三章230.弥漫性非毒性甲状腺肿diffuse nontoxic goiter 231.胶样甲状腺肿diffuse colloid goiter 232.结节性甲状腺肿nodular goiter233.弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿diffuse toxic goiter 234.乳头状癌papillary carcinoma 235.滤泡癌follicular carcinoma 236.髓样癌medullary carcinoma 237.未分化癌undifferentiated carcinoma 238.糖尿病diabetes mellitus第十四章239.噬神经细胞现象neuronophagia 240.卫星现象satellitosis241.小胶质细胞结节microglial nodule 242.血管套(淋巴细胞套)243.镂空筛网状病灶244.格子细胞gitter cell245.脑疝herniation246.脑水肿brain edema 247.脑积水hydrocephalus248.Alzheimer病249.老年斑250.神经原纤维缠结251.颗粒空泡变性252.Hirano小体253.Parkinson病254.Lewy小体第十五章255.结核结节tubercle256.上皮样细胞257.肺原发综合征258.浸润性肺结核259.干酪性肺炎260.结核球tuberculoma 261.冷脓肿262.伤寒肉芽肿typhoid granuloma 263.树胶肿。
病理生理学专业词汇中英文对照
A2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid, 2,3-DPG 2,3-二磷酸甘油酸5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5-羟色胺受体5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT 五羟色胺A cyclosporin A 环胞霉素A1 annexin A1 膜联蛋白a11ergy 变态反应abdominal distention 腹胀abdominal pain 腹痛acetylcholine Ach 乙酰胆碱acetylcholine receptor，AchR Ach受体Acid phosphatase, ACP 酸性磷酸酶acid sensitive ionic channels ASICs 酸敏感离子通道acid-base balance 酸碱平衡acid-base disturbance 酸碱平衡紊乱acid-base imbalance 酸碱失衡actin 肌动蛋白activated partial thromboplastin time APTT 活化部分凝血活酶时间activation function 1，AF-1 激活功能1activation function 2，AF-2 激活功能2actual bicarbonate, AB 实际碳酸氢盐acute phase protein 急性期蛋白acute phase response 急性期反应acute promyelocytic leukemia 急性早幼粒细胞白血病acute psychogenic reaction 急性心因性反应acute pulmonary edema 急性肺水肿acute pulmonary injury, ALI 急性肺损伤acute renal failure，ARF 急性肾功能衰竭acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS 急性呼吸窘迫综合征acute tubular necrosis，A TN 急性肾小管坏死adapter protein 适配体蛋白adaptor 接头蛋白adaptor protein 适配体蛋白adenylate cyclase AC 腺苷酸环化酶adhesion molecule 黏附分子adipokines 脂肪因子adiponectin 脂联素adipose tissue,A T 脂肪组织adjustment disorders 适应障碍adrenalin 肾上腺素adrenergic receptor 肾上腺素能受体adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH 促肾上腺皮质激素adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH 促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素adriamycin 阿霉素advanced glycosylation end products, AGE 38 39 高级糖基化终产物aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素after depolarization 后除极aging 老化agonosia 失认aheolar ventilation 肺泡通气量alarm stage 警觉期aldosterone 醛固酮a-L-fucosidase，AFU a-L岩藻糖苷酶alignment of the chromosomes 染色质联会alkylating agents 烷化剂allelic heterogeneity 等位异质性allelic loss 等位基因丢失alpha-fetoprotein，AFP 甲胎蛋白alternative pathway 替代途径alternative splicing 选择性剪接alternative splicing，AS 选择性剪接alveolar PCO2, PACO2 肺泡气二氧化碳分压alveolar PO2，PAO2 肺泡气氧分压Alzheimer disease, AD 阿尔茨海默病a-Melanocyte stimulating hormone, a-MSH 黑素细胞刺激素American College of Cardiology，ACC 美国心脏病学会American Heart Association，AHA 美国心脏协会ammonia 氨中毒amplification of signal 信号放大amygdala 杏仁核amyloid precursor protein，ARP 淀粉样蛋白前体anaphase 后期anaphylactic shock 过敏性休克anaphylactoid purpura 过敏性紫癜Anaplasma phagocytophilum 嗜吞噬无形体anasarca 全身性水肿anatomic shunt 解剖分流angiogenin 基因扩增angiotensin Ⅰ，Ang Ⅰ血管紧张素Ⅰangiotensin Ⅱ，AngⅡ血管紧张素Ⅱangiotensin-converting enzyme, ACE 血管紧张素转化酶angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor，ACEI 血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂anion gap, AG 阴离子间隙ankyrin 锚蛋白annexin 2 膜联蛋白2annexin-1 膜联蛋白-1anorexia 食欲不振anterior cingule cortex ACC 大脑前扣带皮质antidiuretic hormone，ADH 抗利尿激素antimetabolite 血管生长素antiostain 抗代谢药物antisense 反义antithrombin III AT III 抗凝血酶IIIanuia 无尿aphasia 失语aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血apolipoprotein A1 血管抑制素apoptosis 凋亡apoptosis 细胞凋亡apoptosis inducing factor，AIF 凋亡诱导因子apoptosome 凋亡复合体apoptotic bodies 凋亡小体apoptotic effector 凋亡效应因子apoptotic lesion 凋亡性损伤apoptotic protease activating factor，Apaf 凋亡蛋白酶激活因子apraxia 失用aquaporin,AQP 水通道arachidonic acid AA 花生四烯酸aralkylating agents 载脂蛋白A1ARAS 上行网状激动系统arcuate nucleus, ARC 弓状核Arg-Gly-Asp，GRD 芳烷化剂arginine vasopressin, A VP 精氨酸加压素arginine，R 精氨酸aromatic amino acids,AAA 芳香族氨基酸arrhythmia 心律失常arylhydroxylamines 精-甘-天冬氨酸asbestos 芳基异羟肟胺类ascending reticular activating system ARAS 脑干上行网状激动系统ascending reticular inhibitory system ARIS 上行网状抑制系统asymbolia for pain 疼痛说示不能综合征asymmetric cell division 细胞的不对称分裂ata 石棉ataxia and rad3 related，ATR 共济失调毛细血管扩张症Rad3相关蛋白Ataxia telangiectasia，AT 共济失调性毛细血管扩张症ataxia-telangiectasia，AT 毛细血管扩张性共济失调症突变基因ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated，A TM 毛细血管扩张性共济失调突变蛋白atherosclerosis，AS 动脉粥样硬化athogenesis 发病学ATLL T 细胞白血病淋巴瘤ATP binding pocket ATP结合口袋ATP receptor ATP受体atrial natriuretic peptide ANP 心房利尿钠肽autocrine motility factor，AMF 自分泌运动因子autoimmune disease 自身免疫性疾病automatic external defibrillator，AED 自动体外除颤器automatic impulse 自主性激动autophagic cell death 自噬性细胞死亡autophagin 自噬素autophagolysosome 自噬溶酶体autophagosome，AP 自噬体autophagy 细胞自噬autophagy 自噬autophagy 自噬性程序性细胞死亡autophagy-related proteins，Atg 细胞自噬相关蛋白autophosphorylation 自主磷酸化azotemia 氮质血症α-lactalbumin α-乳白蛋白BB1 cyclin B1 细胞周期蛋白bacterial translocation 细菌移位BaP 苯并芘base excess, BE 碱剩余base excision repair，BER 碱基切除修复baterial endotoxin 细菌内毒素Bax-interacting factor 1，BIF-1 Bax作用因子1B-cell lymphoma 2，Bcl-2 B细胞淋巴瘤2Bcl-2 homology，BH Bcl-2同源结构域beme oxygenase 血红素加氧酶benign tumor 良性肿瘤benzediazepine,BZ 苯二氮卓Beta-amyloid，Aββ-淀粉样蛋白biallelic 二等位基因bi-allelie marker 双等位标记big MAP kinase，BMK1 大丝裂原活化蛋白激酶bilinogen enterohepatic circulation 胆素原的肠肝循环bilirubin 胆红素bilirubin encephalopathy 胆红素性脑病biliverdin reductase 胆绿素还原酶biofeedback therapy 生物反馈治疗bioinformatics 生物信息学blebbing 水泡化blood urea nitrogen，BUN 血浆尿素氮bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells 骨髓造血干细胞bradykinin BK 缓激肽brain derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF 脑源神经营养因子brain stem 脑干brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF 脑源性神经营养因子branched-chain amino acids,BCAA 支链氨基酸breakage-fusion-brige, BFB 断裂-融合-桥breast cancer susceptibility gene C terminus，BRCT 乳腺癌易感基因羧基末端结构域brown adipo 棕色脂肪组织Brugada Syndrome Brugada综合征buffer base, BB 缓冲碱Burkholderia pseudomallei 类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌burn shoch 烧伤性休克butyrolactone 丁内酯bystander cell 旁观者细胞β2-Microglobulin，β2Mβ2-微球蛋白β-amyloid precursor protein β-淀粉样前体蛋白β-amyloid protein β-淀粉样蛋白β-endorphin β-内啡肽β-lactams β-内酰胺类CC cytochrome C，Cyto-C 细胞色素C1-esterase inhibitor C1酯酶抑制物Ca2+ ionophore Ca2+离子载体cadherin 钙离子依赖的细胞黏附素cadherins 钙粘蛋白calcitonin ，CT 降钙素calcitonin gene related protein CGRP 降钙素基因相关蛋白calcium dyshomeostasis 钙稳态失衡calcium leak Ca2+泄漏calcium overload 钙超载calcium paradox 钙反常calcium transient Ca2+瞬变calmodulin，CaM 钙调蛋白calmodulin-dependent kinase II，CaMK II 钙调蛋白依赖性激酶II calmodulin-dependent kinase，CaMK 钙调蛋白依赖性激酶cancer 癌症cancer stem cells，CSC 肿瘤干细胞capping protein 加帽蛋白carbon dioxide narcosis 二氧化碳麻醉carbon monoxide, CO 一氧化碳carbonic anhydrase, CA 碳酸酐酶carboxyhemoglobin, HbCO 碳氧血红蛋白carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA 癌胚抗原carcinogen 致癌物cardiac asthma 心源性哮喘cardiac edema 心性水肿cardiac index，CI 心脏指数cardiac insufficiency 心功能不全cardiac output，CO 心输出量cardiac resynchronization therapy，CRT 心脏再同步治疗cardiogenic shock 心源性休克carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1，CPT-1 肉碱脂酰转移酶-1 caspase 半胱天冬酶caspase-like apoptosis regulatory protein，CLARP 半胱天冬酶样凋亡调节蛋白Caspase-recruitment domain，CARD 凋亡蛋白酶募集结构域catabolic process 分解代谢过程catecholamine 儿茶酚胺catecholamine,CA 儿茶酚胺Catypical protein kinase C，aPKC 非典型性蛋白激酶CDK inhibitor，CKI CDK抑制因子CDK-activating kinase，CAK CDK活化激酶CEA 癌胚抗原cell adhesion molecule，CAM 细胞粘附分子cell cycle 细胞周期Cell Damage 细胞损伤cell differentiation 细胞分化cell division 细胞分裂cell division cycle 2，CDC2 细胞分裂周期2cell pathology 细胞病理学cell proliferation 细胞增殖cell signaling 细胞信号传递cell stress 细胞应激cellular hydration 细胞水合cellular oncogene 细胞癌基因central nervous system CNS 中枢神经系统central pain 中枢性疼痛central venous pressure，CVP 中心静脉压centrosome 中心体cerebral cortex 大脑皮层chaperokine 伴侣因子chaperon mediated autophagy，CMA 分子伴侣介导的自噬checkpoint 检测点chemokine 趋化因子chemokine receptors 趋化因子受体chemoprevention 化学预防cholecystokinin CCK 胆囊收缩素choline acetyl transferase ChAT 胆碱乙酰基转移酶chondroitin sulfate 硫酸软骨素chromatin body 染色质小体chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变chromosomal instability，CIN 染色体不稳定chromosome instability 染色体不稳定性chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎chronic inflammationsyndrome 慢性炎症综合征chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD 慢性阻塞性肺疾病chronic renal failure，CRF 慢性肾功能衰竭ciliary neurotrophic factor CNTF 睫状神经营养因子ciliary neurotrophic factor, CNTF 睫状神经营养因子circulatory hypoxia 循环性缺氧cirrhosis of liver 肝硬化cis-acting element 顺式作用元件cis-acting element 顺式作用元件cis-regulatory module 顺式调节模块c-Jun N terminal kinase，JNK c-Jun N端蛋白激酶class I PI3K protein I类PI3K蛋白clot 血凝块cluster 集簇coactivator 共激活因子coagulation 凝血Coding-region SNPs，cSNPs 基因编码区SNPs cognitive appraisal 认知评价cognitive disorder，cognitive handicap 认知障碍cold inducible RNA-binding protein 寒冷诱导的RNA结合蛋白cold sensitive neuron 冷敏神经元cold shock 冷休克cold shock protein 冷休克蛋白cold shock response 冷休克反应cold stress 冷应激collagen 胶原collagenases 胶原酶coma 昏迷代偿性抗炎反应综合征compensatory anti-inflammatory responsesyndrome, CARScompensatory stage of shock 休克代偿期complement,C 补体complete recovery 完全康复complex multisite variants 复合性多位点变异concentric hypertrophy 向心性肥大confusion 意识模糊congestive hypoxia 淤血性缺氧conjugated bilirubin 结合胆红conscious disturbance 意识障碍consciousness 意识constipation 便秘constitutive expression 基础表达content of consciousness 意识内容contraction alkalosis 浓缩性碱中毒copy number variant, CNV 。
病理实习常用名词中英文对照表
脾被膜透明变性 hyaline degeneration of 苏丹Ⅲ染色 Sudan Ⅲ staining
spleen capsule
脾小动脉透明变性 hyaline degeneration of
胸膜透明变性 hyaline degeneration of pleurasplenic arteries
阿米巴肝脓肿 amoebic abscess of liver
干酪样坏死 caseous necrosis
骨折愈合 fracture healing
第二章 损伤的修复和创伤愈合 肉芽组织 granulation tissue
第三章 局部血液循环障碍
肺褐色硬化 brown induration of lung
kidney
肾梗死 infarct of kidney
心肌梗死 myocardial infarct
肺梗死 infarct of lung
第四章 炎 症
急性单纯性阑尾炎 acute simple appendicitis
急性化脓性阑尾炎 acute purulent
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
慢性胆囊炎 chronic cholecystitis
appendicitis
鼻炎性息肉 nasal inflammatory polyp
急性坏疽性阑尾炎 acute gangrenous
炎性细胞 inflammatory cells
appendicitis
急性蜂窝织炎性阑尾炎 acute phlegmonous
化脓性脑膜炎 purulent meningitis
浆液、粘液性囊腺瘤 serous（mucinous）
胃腺癌伴淋巴结转移 gastric adenocarcinoma
常见病理学术语的中英文解释
常见病理学术语的中英文解释病理学术语是病理学领域的重要组成部分，对于医学研究和临床诊断具有重要意义。
本文将介绍一些常见的病理学术语的中英文解释。
1. 细胞增生（Cell proliferation）细胞增生是指细胞数量的增加，通常由于细胞分裂或细胞增加活跃而导致。
这是一种正常的生理反应，但在某些情况下也可能与疾病相关。
2. 细胞凋亡（Cell apoptosis）细胞凋亡是指细胞按照程序性死亡过程自行死亡。
细胞凋亡在正常生理过程中起着重要作用，但在疾病发展中也可能发生异常。
3. 肿瘤（Tumor）肿瘤是指体内异常增殖的细胞或组织结构的集合体，可以分为良性和恶性两类。
良性肿瘤生长缓慢，不具有侵袭性和转移性；恶性肿瘤则有侵袭和转移的倾向。
4. 癌症（Cancer）癌症是一类恶性肿瘤的统称，它常常具有侵袭性、浸润性和转移性。
癌症的治疗方法多样，包括手术切除、化疗、放疗等。
5. 炎症（Inflammation）炎症是机体对损伤和感染的免疫防御反应，表现为红、肿、热、痛等症状。
炎症是机体恢复的重要过程，但在某些情况下也可能导致组织损伤。
6. 溶解（Dissolution）溶解是指原本结合在一起的物质逐渐解离，转变为溶剂中的溶质的过程。
在病理学中，溶解可以指细胞内或细胞外的化学物质分解的过程。
7. 坏死（Necrosis）坏死是指细胞或组织的死亡，通常是由于缺血、感染、毒素等因素引起。
坏死的特征包括细胞浑浊、溶解等，与凋亡有所不同。
8. 梗死（Infarction）梗死是指由于血液供应中断而导致组织坏死的情况。
常见的梗死包括心肌梗死、脑梗死等。
9. 肉眼观察（Gross examination）肉眼观察是指对切除的组织标本或尸检标本进行直接观察和描述。
通过肉眼观察，可以初步了解病变的形态、大小等特征。
10. 组织学（Histology）组织学是研究组织结构、组织器官构成和功能的学科。
通过对组织标本染色和显微镜观察，可以了解组织细胞的形态、结构和功能的变化。
病理学名词中英文解释（损伤,修复,局部血液循环障碍,炎症,肿瘤）
病理学名词中英文解释（损伤,修复,局部血液循环障碍,炎症,肿瘤）损伤injury1.萎缩（atrophy）：是指已发育正常的实质细胞、组织、器官的体积缩小。
常表现为实质细胞体积变小或数目减少，而间质增生。
Atrophy is reduced size of an organ or tissue resulting from a decrease in cell size and number.2.肥大（hypertrophy）：细胞、组织和器官体积的增大。
Hyperplasia is an increase in the numberof cells in an organ or tissue, usually resulting in increased mass of the organ or tissue.3.增生（hyperplasia）：实质细胞的增多，可导致组织器官的增大。
Hypertrophy refers to an increasein the size of cells, resulting in an increase in the size of the organ.4.化生（metaplasia）：一种分化成熟的细胞受刺激因素作用转化为另一种分化成熟细胞的过程。
Metaplasia is a reversible change in which one differentiated cell type (epithelial or mesenchymal) is replaced by another cell type.5.变性（degeneration）：是指细胞或细胞间质受损伤后因代谢发生障碍所致的某些可逆性形态学变化。
表现为细胞浆内或间质中出现异常物质或正常物质异常增多。
accumulate substances in abnormal which can be Intracellular and/or Extracellular.Normal substances: increase Exogenous materials: appearance6.细胞水肿（cellular swelling）：致病因素使细胞内水分的异常增多，形成细胞水肿。
病理学词汇中英对照
病理学词汇中英对照小编为大家整理了病理学词汇中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦! pathology 病理学rheumatism 风湿症symptom 症状syphilis (lues) 梅毒teratoma 畸胎瘤thromboembolism 血栓栓塞thrombosis 血栓形成thrombus 血栓sarcoma 肉瘤scar 瘢痕，疤痕sclerosis 硬化septicemia 败血症serous cystadenoma 浆液性囊腺瘤shock 休克silicosis 矽肺acidophilic body 嗜酸小体acute inflammation 急性炎症acute proliferative glomerulonephritis 急性增殖性肾小球肾炎acute viral hepatitis 急性病毒性肝炎adenocarcinoma 腺癌adenoma 腺瘤air embolism 空气栓塞alteration 变质alterative inflammation 变质性炎症alveolar carcinoma 肺泡上皮癌amebic dysentery 阿米巴痢疾Amoebiasisamyloid degeneration 淀粉样变性anaplasia 间变anemic infarct 贫血性梗死anterior poliomyelitis 脊髓前角灰质炎apoptosis 程序性细胞死亡，凋落，凋亡appendicitis 阑尾炎arterial hyperemia 动脉性充血arteriolosclerosis 细动脉硬化arteriosclerotic heart disease 动脉硬化性心脏病Aschoff bodyatheroma 粥肿atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化atrophic gastritis 萎缩性胃炎atrophy 萎缩atypia 异型性autopsy 尸体解剖bacillary dysentery 细菌性痢疾bacteremia 菌血症bacterial endocarditis 细菌性心内膜炎bacterial pneumonia 细菌性肺炎benign tumor 良性肿瘤biopsy 活组织检查bridging necrosis 桥状坏死bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchiectasis 支气管扩张，支气管扩张症bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎Burkitt lymphoma Burkitt淋巴瘤cachexia 恶病质，恶液质carcinoid 类癌?carcinoma 癌carcinoma of thyroid 甲状腺癌cardiomyopathy 心肌病carnification 肉质变?caseous necrosis 干酪样坏死?caseous pneumonia 干酪性肺结核cavity 空洞degeneration 变性，溃变?diffuse glomerulonephritis 弥漫性肾小球肾炎disease 疾病?dry gangrene 干性坏疽?duodenal ulcer 十二指肠溃疡dysplasia 发育不良?edema 水肿embolism 栓塞?embolus 栓子?emphysema 肺气肿encapsulation 包围?endemic goiter 地方性甲状腺肿? endocardium 心内膜?epidemic meningitis 流行性脑膜炎? epithelioid cell 类上皮细胞?erosion 侵蚀etiology 病原学?external hemorrhage 外出血?exudate 渗出液?exudation 渗血fat embolism 脂肪栓塞fatty degeneration 脂肪变性?fibrin 纤维蛋白fibrinoid degeneration 纤维素样变性?fibrinoid necrosis 纤维素样坏死? fibroadenoma 纤维腺瘤?fibroma 纤维瘤fibrosarcoma 纤维肉瘤?follicular adenocarcinoma 滤泡腺癌? foreign body giant cell 异物巨细胞? gangrene 坏疽gas gangrene 气性坏疽?gastritis 胃炎?giant cell tumor 巨细胞瘤?goiter 甲状腺肿granular atrophic kidney 颗粒性萎缩肾granulation tissue 肉芽组织?hairy cell leukemia 毛细胞白血病?heartheart failure 心力衰竭hemorrhage 出血hemorrhagic infarct 出血性梗死? hemosiderin 含铁血黄素，血铁黄蛋白hyaline degeneration 玻璃样变性? hyaline membrane 透明膜?hydropic degeneration 水性肿胀(水样变性) hyperplasia 增生hypertension 高血压hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 肥厚型心肌病hypertrophy 肥厚infarct 梗死?infectious hepatitis 传染性肝炎? infiltration 浸润?inflammation 炎症inflammatory polyp 炎性息肉?injury 损伤internal hemorrhage 内出血?ischemic necrosis 贫血性坏死?left ventricle 左心室?leiomyoma 平滑肌瘤?leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌肉瘤?lesion 病变?leukemoid reaction 类白血病反应lipoma 脂肪瘤?liposarcoma 脂肪肉瘤liquefactive necrosis 液化性坏死?lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎lobular pneumonia 小叶性肺炎?lymphoma 淋巴瘤macronodular cirrhosis 大结节性肝硬变malignant histiocytosis 恶性组织细胞增生症malignant tumor 恶性肿瘤medullary carcinoma 髓样癌melanin 黑色素melanoma 黑色素瘤membranous glomerulonephritis 膜性肾小球肾炎metaplasia 化生metastasis 转移micronodular cirrhosis 小结节性肝硬变mixed tumor 混合瘤moist gangrene 湿性坏疽mucinous cystadenoma 粘液性囊腺瘤mycoplasma pneumonia 支原体肺炎myeloma 骨髓瘤myocardial infarction 心肌梗塞myocardium 心肌myoma 肌瘤myxoma 粘液瘤necrosis 坏死nephritic syndrome 肾病综合征nephrosclerosis 肾硬化neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤neurotic atrophy 神经性萎缩oncogene 癌基因，原癌基因organization 机化osteoma 骨瘤osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤pale infarct 白色梗死papilloma 乳头状瘤pathogenesis 发病学pathologic anatomy 病理解剖学pathologic atrophy 病理性萎缩pathology 病理学peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡pericarditis 心包炎pericardium 心包physiologic atrophy 生理性萎缩piecemeal necrosis 碎片状坏死pituitary adenoma 垂体腺瘤polypoid adenoma 息肉状腺瘤primary complex 原发综合征proliferation 增殖pulmonary abscess 肺脓肿pulmonary emphysema 肺气肿pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis 急进性肾小球肾炎red infarct 红色梗死regeneration 再生repair 修复rheumatic carditis 风湿性心脏炎rheumatic endocarditis 风湿性心内膜炎rheumatic epicarditis 风湿性心外膜炎rheumatic heart disease 风湿性心脏病rheumatic myocarditis 风湿性心肌炎squamous cell carcinoma 扁平上皮癌，鳞状上皮癌stage of congestion 充血期stage of gray hepatization 灰色肝样变期stage of red hepatization 红色肝样变期subacute inflammation 亚急性炎subacute viral hepatitis 亚急性病毒性肝炎。
医学常用病理学名词英文翻译
医学常用病理学名词英文翻译Medical Terminology Translation in PathologyIntroduction:Medical terminology plays a crucial role in the field of pathology, allowing healthcare professionals to communicate accurately and efficiently. This article aims to provide a translation guide for commonly used pathology terms from Chinese to English, facilitating better understanding and communication in the medical community.1. Tissue:Tissue - 组织Epithelial tissue - 上皮组织Connective tissue - 结缔组织Muscle tissue - 肌组织Nervous tissue - 神经组织2. Cells:Cell - 细胞Red blood cell - 红细胞White blood cell - 白细胞Platelet - 血小板Neuron - 神经元Cancer cell - 癌细胞3. Diseases:Disease - 疾病Cancer - 癌症Infection - 感染Inflammation - 炎症Tumor - 肿瘤Lesion - 病变4. Diagnostic Tests:Biopsy - 活检Blood test - 血液检测Imaging - 影像检查Histopathology - 组织病理学Cytology - 细胞学5. Organs:Organ - 器官Heart - 心脏Liver - 肝脏Lung - 肺Kidney - 肾脏Brain - 大脑6. Pathological Processes: Metastasis - 转移Necrosis - 坏死Apoptosis - 细胞凋亡Hyperplasia -增生Hypertrophy - 肥大7. Treatment Modalities: Surgery - 手术Chemotherapy - 化疗Radiation therapy - 放疗Targeted therapy - 靶向治疗Immunotherapy - 免疫治疗8. Medical Professionals: Pathologist - 病理学家Oncologist - 肿瘤学家Surgeon - 外科医生Radiologist - 放射科医生Microbiologist - 微生物学家Conclusion:Accurate translation of medical terminology is essential for effective communication in the field of pathology. By providing an English translation guide for commonly used pathology terms, this article aims to enhance understanding and facilitate communication among healthcare professionals. Familiarity with these translated terms will contribute to more efficient diagnoses, treatment plans, and collaborations within the medical community.。
医学常用病理学术语的中英文翻译
医学常用病理学术语的中英文翻译Introduction:病理学是研究疾病发生机制和病变的学科，它对于医学诊断和治疗起着重要的作用。
在病理学的学习和实践中，熟悉和掌握常用的病理学术语对于准确描述和交流病理学信息至关重要。
本文将介绍一些常用的病理学术语及其中英文翻译。
I. 组织学术语 (Histological Terminology):1. 细胞 (Cell)细胞是生物体组成的基本单位。
Cell2. 组织 (Tissue)组织是一组相同或相似类型细胞的集合体，能够共同执行特定的功能。
Tissue3. 器官 (Organ)器官由不同类型的组织组成，并具有特定的生理功能。
Organ4. 组织学 (Histology)组织学是研究组织的结构、功能和疾病的学科。
Histology5. 组织切片 (Tissue Section)组织切片是利用显微切片技术将组织嵌入并切成薄片，用于病理学观察和分析。
Tissue sectionII. 病理学分类术语 (Pathological Classification Terminology):1. 肿瘤 (Tumor)肿瘤是异常细胞的集合体，可分为良性和恶性两种。
Tumor2. 癌症 (Cancer)癌症是一种恶性肿瘤，具有侵袭性和转移性的特点。
Cancer3. 炎症 (Inflammation)炎症是机体对损伤或刺激的局部组织反应。
Inflammation4. 溃疡 (Ulcer)溃疡是组织表面或黏膜的局部缺损，常伴有溃疡表面的坏死组织。
Ulcer5. 凝血 (Coagulation)凝血是血液在创伤部位形成凝块的过程。
CoagulationIII. 组织病理学描述术语 (Histopathological Descriptive Terminology):1. 肿瘤大小 (Tumor Size)肿瘤直径的测量值，用于评估肿瘤的生长和扩散程度。
Tumor size2. 组织结构 (Tissue Architecture)组织的整体结构和排列方式。
病理学名词中英文对照
病理学名词中英文对照Acidophilic body：嗜酸性小体Aging：老化Amniotic fluid embolism：羊水栓塞Anemic infarct：贫血性梗死Apoptosis：凋亡Apoptotic bodies：凋亡小体Arteriolar nephrosclerosis：细动脉性肾硬化Aschoff cell：阿少夫细胞Atheroma：粥瘤Atrophy：萎缩Ballooning change：气球样变Borderline tumor：交界瘤Brain hernia：脑疝Bridging necrosis：桥接坏死Brown atrophy：褐色萎缩Brown induration：褐色硬化Cachexia：恶病质Caisson disease：沉箱病Caput medusae：海蛇头;脐周静脉曲张Carbuncle：痈Carcinoma simplex：单纯癌Carcinosarcoma：癌肉瘤Carcinoma in situ：原位癌Caseous necrosis：干酪样坏死Caterpillar cell：毛虫状细胞Cervical intraeptithelial neoplasia：子宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）Chloroma：绿色瘤Choriocarcinoma：绒(毛)膜癌Chronic cor pulmonale：慢性肺源性心脏病Clear cell carcinoma：透明细胞癌Coagulative necrosis：凝固性坏死Comedocarcinoma：粉刺癌Concentric hypertrophy：向心性肥大Cor villosum：绒毛心Crescent：新月体Crossed embolism：交叉性栓塞Decompression sickness：减压病Degeneration：变性Differentiation：分化Disease ：疾病Dysplasia：发育不良Dystrophic calcification：营养不良性钙化Ectopic endocrine tumor：异位内分泌肿瘤End-stage kidney：终末期肾Eosinophilic abscess：嗜酸性脓肿Fatty infiltration：脂肪浸润Fatty liver：脂肪肝Furuncle：疖Gangrene：坏疽Goodpasture’s syndrome：Goodpasture综合征Granulation tissue：肉芽组织Granuloma：肉芽肿Growth factor：生长因子Growth fraction：生长分数Gumma：梅毒瘤,树胶肿(梅毒性）Heart failure cell：心力衰竭细胞Heterogeneity：异质性Hyaline change：玻璃样变性Hyaline thrombus：透明血栓Hydatidiform mole：葡萄胎Hyperplasia：增生Hypertensive crisis：高血压危象IgA nephropathy： IgA肾病Inflammatory cell infiltration：炎细胞浸润Inflammatory mediator：炎症介质Intestinal metaplasia：肠上皮化生Karyolysis：核溶解Karyorrhexis：核碎裂Keratin pearl：角化珠;癌珠Linitis plastica：皮革胃Lipoid nephrosis：脂性肾病Lobular pneumonia：小叶性肺炎Mallory’s body：Mallory小体Medullary carcinoma：髓样癌Metaplasia：化生Microaneurysm：微小动脉瘤Mirror image cell：镜影细胞Mitral stenosis：二尖瓣狭窄Mural thrombus：附壁血栓Myofibroblast：成肌纤维细胞Nabothian cyst：那鲍氏囊肿Necrosis：坏死Nephrotic syndrome：肾病综合征Nodular goiter：结节性甲状腺肿Nutmeg liver：槟榔肝Organization：机化Paget’s disease：佩吉特病Phlebolith：静脉石Phlegmonous inflammation：蜂窝织炎Piecemeal necrosis：碎片状坏死Pipe stem cirrhosis：门脉性肝硬化Precancerous lesions：癌前病变Primary complex：原发综合征Proto-oncogene：原癌基因Pseudolobule：假小叶Pseudomembranous inflammation：假膜性炎Pseudotubercle：假结核结节Psychosomatic disease：心身疾病Pulmonary carnification：肺肉质变Pulmonary emphysema：肺气肿Purulent catarrh：脓性卡他Pyemia：脓毒败血症Pyknosis：核固缩Recanalization：再通Retrograde embolism：逆行栓塞Septic infarct：败血性梗死Signet-ring cell：印戒细胞Silicotic nodule：矽结节Simmond’s disease：Spider nevi：蜘蛛痣Subcutaneous nodule：皮下结节Sudden coronary death：冠状动脉性猝死Teratoma：畸胎瘤Thrombosis：血栓形成Tubercle：结核Tuberculoma：结核瘤Typhoid nodule：伤寒小结Uremia：尿毒症Ventricular aneurysms：室壁瘤Verrucous endocarditis：疣状心内膜炎Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome：暴发型脑膜炎球菌败血症,沃-弗综合征。
病理学名词解释及英文
病理学名词解释及英文1、适应：细胞和由其构成的组织、器官，对于内外环境中各种有害因子和刺激作用而产生的非损伤性应答反应2、萎缩：已发育正常的细胞、组织或器官的体积缩小，可伴有实质细胞数量的减少。
3、肥大：由于功能增加，合成代谢旺盛，使细胞、组织或器官体积增大4、增生：组织或器官内实质细胞数目增多，常导致组织或器官的体积增大5、化生：一种分化成熟的细胞类型被另一种分化成熟的细胞类型所取代的过程6、变性：又称细胞可逆性损伤，是指细胞或细胞间质受损伤后，由于代谢障碍，使细胞内或细胞间质内出现异常物质或正常物质异常蓄积的现象，通常伴有细胞功能低下。
7、细胞水肿：或称水变性，因线粒体受损，Na-K泵功能障碍，导致细胞内钠离子和水的过多积聚。
光镜下，细胞之内出现红染细颗粒状物，细胞肿大明显，细胞质高度疏松呈空泡状。
8、脂肪变：中性脂肪特别是甘油三酯蓄积于非脂肪细胞的细胞质中，称为脂肪变9、虎斑心：脂肪变心肌呈黄色，与正常心肌的暗红色相间，形成黄红色斑纹，称为虎斑心10、玻璃样变：细胞内或间质中出现半透明状蛋白质蓄积，HE染色呈现嗜伊红均质状11、坏死：以酶溶性变化为特点的活体内局部组织细胞的死亡12、凝固性坏死：蛋白质变性凝固且溶酶体酶水解作用较弱时，坏死区呈灰黄、干燥、质实状态，镜下特点为细胞微细结构消失，而组织结构轮廓仍可保存13、干酪样坏死：结核病时，因病灶中含脂质较多，坏死区呈黄色，状似干酪，镜下为无结构颗粒状红染物，不见坏死部位原有组织结构的残影，是坏死更为彻底的特殊类型凝固性坏死。
14、液化性坏死：坏死组织因酶性分解而变为液态，镜下特点为死亡细胞完全被消化，局部组织快速被溶解。
15、酶解性\创伤性脂肪坏死：急性胰腺炎时细胞释放胰酶分解脂肪酸，乳房创伤时脂肪细胞破裂，可分别引起酶解性或创伤性脂肪坏死16、坏疽：局部组织大块坏死并继发腐败菌感染17、机化：新生肉芽组织长入并取代坏死组织、血栓、脓液、异物等地过程18、病理性钙化：骨和牙齿之外的组织中固态钙盐沉积19、营养不良性钙化：钙盐沉积于坏死或即将坏死的组织或异物中，体内钙磷代谢正常20、凋亡：活体内个别细胞程序性细胞死亡（死亡细胞的质膜不破裂，细胞器完整，细胞皱缩，核固缩或碎裂，DNA降解，无炎症反应，见于病理和生理过程。
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脾小动脉透明变性hyaline degeneration of splenic arteries
结缔组织透明变性hyaline degeneration of connective tissue
病理性钙化pathological calcification
干酪样坏死caseous necrosis
病理实习常用名词中英文对照表
第一章细胞、组织的适应和损伤
肾萎缩atrophy kidney
肾盂积水hydronephrosis
心肌肥大hypertrophy of myocardium
肝水变性hydropic degeneration of liver
肾水变性hydropic degeneration of kidney
第二章损伤的修复和创伤愈合
骨折愈合fracture healing
肉芽组织granulation tissue
第三章局部血液循环障碍
肺褐色硬化brown induration of lung
槟榔肝nutmeg liver
动脉血栓thrombus of artery
静脉血栓thrombus of vein
心室附壁血栓mural thrombus of ventrium
心瓣膜血栓valvular thrombus
脾、肾贫血性梗死anemic infarct of spleen and kidney
心肌梗死myocardial infarct
肺出血性梗死hemorrhagic infarct oflung
骨瘤osteoma
软骨瘤chondroma
皮肤鳞状细胞癌squamous cell carcinoma of skin
膀胱移行上皮癌transitional cell caricinoma of bladder
胃、肠腺癌adenocarcnoma of stomach or intestine
粘液癌mucoid carcinoma
脾被膜透明变性hyaline degeneration of spleen capsule
胸膜透明变性hyaline degeneration of pleura
脾梗死infarct of spleen
肾干酪样坏死caseous necrosis of kidney
足坏疽gangrene of foot
结肠、直肠多发性腺瘤性息肉multiple adenmatous
polypus of colon or rectum
纤维瘤fibroma
脂肪瘤lipoma
血管瘤hemangioma
海绵状血管瘤cavernous hemangioma
淋巴管瘤lymphangioma
子宫平滑肌瘤leiomyoma of uterus
乳腺癌carcinoma of breast
平滑肌肉瘤leiomyosarcoma
骨肉瘤osteosarcoma
视网膜母细胞瘤retinoblastoma
恶性淋巴瘤malignant lymphoma
乳腺癌伴腋窝淋巴转移carcinoma of the breast with metastasis of lymph node
Krukenberg瘤Krukenberg tumor
畸胎瘤teratoma
淋巴结转移性瘤metastatic carcinoma of lymph node
恶性肿瘤细胞涂片cancer cells in smear
小肠出血性梗死hemorrhagic infarct of small intestine
脑出血cerebral hemorrhage
混合血栓mixed thrombus
血栓机化与再遇organization and recanalization oidney
第五章肿瘤
皮肤乳头状瘤papilloma of skin
膀胱乳头状瘤papilloma of bladder
息肉状肠腺瘤polypous adenoma
甲状腺腺瘤thyroid adenoma
浆液、粘液性囊腺瘤serous（mucinous）cystadenoma
乳腺纤维腺瘤fibroadenoma of breast
肺梗死infarct of lung
第四章炎症
急性单纯性阑尾炎acute simple appendicitis
急性化脓性阑尾炎acute purulent appendicitis
急性坏疽性阑尾炎acute gangrenous appendicitis
化脓性脑膜炎purulent meningitis
肺脓肿abscess of lung
脑脓肿abscess of brain
纤维素性心包炎fibrinous pericarditis
气管白喉diphtheria of trachea
胸膜粘连adhesion of pleurae
慢性胆囊炎chronic cholecystitis
鼻炎性息肉nasal inflammatory polyp
阿米巴肝脓肿amoebic abscess of liver
支气管粘膜鳞状上皮化生squamous metaplasia of bronchus
胃粘膜肠上皮化生intestinal metaplasia of gastric epithelium
肝脂肪变性fatty degeneration of liver
胃腺癌伴淋巴结转移gastric adenocarcinoma with metastasis of lymph node
肺转移性恶性肿瘤metastatic malignant tumor of lung
脑转移性恶性肿瘤metastatic malignant tumor of brain
肝转移性恶性肿瘤metastatic malignant tumor of liver
炎性细胞inflammatory cells
急性蜂窝织炎性阑尾炎acute phlegmonous appendicitis
纤维素性脓性心外膜炎fibrinous-purulent pericarditis
异物肉芽肿foreign body granuloma
结核性肉芽肿tuberculosis granuloma