高考英语语法复习-情态动词与虚拟语气ppt课件
高考英语一轮复习:高考语法专题8情态动词与虚拟语气(共70张PPT
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(3)may 肯定句、否定句。 That may be so,but I doubt it. 也许是这样,但我表示怀疑。 may have done. 可能做过。 may not have done. 可能未做过。
It may not have been my mistake. 也许不是我的错。 He may have arrived in Shanghai. 他可能已经到达上海了。
—Must I finish my homework at once? 我必须马上完成作业吗? —Yes,you must. 必须。 —No,you needn't/you don't have to. 不必。
(2)mustn't 绝对不可,不许 You mustn't lend it to others. 你不能把它借给别人。 I must not let anyone know. 我不能让任何人知If he says he'll come,he will. 他说来他就会来。 You will be glad to see her. 见到她你会很高兴。 Fish will die without water. 鱼没有水会死的。
8.would 是 will 的过去式 (1)愿望 “I would do anything for our soldiers.”said the old lady. “我愿意为战士做任何事”,老大妈说。
二、虚拟语气 1.虚拟语气与陈述语气的区别: (1)意义不同。 陈述语气表示动词或状态是现实的, 确实的或符合 事实的,而虚拟语气表示动作状态不是事实,而是说话 人的主观愿望、假设、建议或推测等。
(2)形式不同。 虚拟语气的谓语动词形式和陈述语气的谓语动词 形式不同, 如虚拟条件句的谓语和真实条件句的谓语就 截然不同。如: If it rains tomorrow,our picnic will be put off. 如果明天下雨,我们的郊游就推迟。 (陈述语气, 说话人认为下雨的可能性很大。) If it rained tomorrow,our picnic would be put off. 万一明天下雨,我们的郊游就推迟。 (虚拟语气, 说话人认为下雨的可能性较小。)
2023版高考英语一轮总复习第二部分语法专题第五讲情态动词和虚拟语气ppt课件
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例句
If I had had the
money, I would have
过 去 完 成 式 would (should/
与过去事
bought the dress. 我
(had + 过去分 could/might) +
实相反
当时如果有钱的
词)
have+done
话,就会买下那条
裙子。
(续表)
情况 if 从句(条件) 主句(结果)
(续表)
情态动词
用法
例句
注意事项
意为“只好,不得不 Without help, I had to
have to
(客观的必须)”,口语 do it myself. 没有人帮 have to 有时态和 中 也 可 用 have (has) 忙,我只好自己一个 人称的变化
got to
人完成它。
ought to
time...”句型中 took effective measures to protect our 动 词 should( 这
environment. 是我们采取有效措施 时 should 不 可
保护环境的时候了。
以省略)
三、虚拟语气的注意事项 1.虚拟语气的倒装 在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,如果有 should, were, had 时, 可以省略 if,并将 should, were, had 提到主语前面引起倒装。如: Had I followed your advice, I would not have made such a silly mistake.我要是听了你的建议,我就不会犯这么愚蠢的错误 了。
smoke here. 谁也不许 在这儿吸烟。
高三英语一轮语法复习情态动词和虚拟语气课件
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1. 对现在或将来的推测(结构:情态动词+do) 情态动词可以用来表示对现在或将来的情况进行推测 She could be lost. 她可能迷路了。 注意 如果是对现在或未来正在发生的事情进行推测,可以使用“情 态动词+be doing”结构。 My friend may be still sleeping at home now. 我的朋友现在可能正在家里睡觉。
(2)表示推测,表示“肯定,一定”之意,此时,must只用于肯定句。在否定句 或疑问句中,用can / could。
(3)表示“偏偏,非要,硬要”,有时表示不巧,有时表示固执,
通常都是指令人不快的事。
4. shall的用法
(1)用于第二、三人称,表示说话人的命令、警告、强制、允诺、威胁或 决心等。
考点3 “情态动词+have done”表示责备的语气
可用于表责备语气的情态动词有:should, ought to, could, might, need等,它们常被用来表示说话人对过去事情的不满或遗憾,带 有较强 烈的责备语气,其结构为“情态动词+have done”。
1. should(ought to)have done“本应该……” 表示过去应该做而(实际)没有做的事情,含有责备或遗憾的语 气,其否定形式为“should not/ought not to have done”。should have done 还可以用来表示惊讶、赞叹等情绪 2. could/might have done “本来能够(会)……” 表示过去本来能够(可以)做某事,但实际上没有做到。 3. need+have+done “原本需要做……” 表示本来需要做某事而没有做,“needn’t+have+done”则表示“本来 不必做某事而做了”。
高考二轮复习:情态动词和虚拟语气课件(共45张PPT)
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——I’m sorry. I ______ at you the other day.
——Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. (江苏2008)
A. shouldn’t shout
B. shouldn’t have shouted
C. mustn’t shout
He said that they must work hard. My brother was ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.
情态动词考点四: should 与ought to should 表示“应当,应该(表义务责任);竟然” ought to 表示“应当(口语中多用should)”
情态动词考点二: may与might may 表示“可以(问句中表示请求);可能,或许
(表推测);祝愿(用于倒装句中)” might 是may 的过去式。
May I use your bicycle? According to the weather forecast, it may/might rain tomorrow. May you succeed./May God be with you.
二轮复习:情态动词和虚拟语气
情态动词常见考点:
1. can/could 3. must/have to 5. Shall 7. used to 9. had better
2. may/might 4. should/ought to 6. will/would 8. dare/need 10. would rather
would 表示“意愿,请求等;过去反复发生的动作 或某种倾向”
高考英语总复习 216第六章情态动词和虚拟语气课件(江苏专用)
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•【例4】 The fire spread throughout the hotel
very quickly but everyone ________ get out.
•A.had to
B.would
•C.could
D.was able to
•答案 D
•2.may / might
•(1)表“许可” (=can)。若表示“不可以、禁 止”,用mustn't或can't。回答might的提问常用 may,一般不用might。
•A.should B.could C.may D.must •答案 D •(4)以must开头的一般疑问句,若要作否定回答,常用needn't或 haven't to,一般不用mustn't。
•【例13】 —Must I come at four o'clock? •—Oh,no.You ________ come at four. •A.won't B.needn't C.can't D.mustn't •答案 B
•答案 B
•6.dare
•意为“敢”,作情态动词用时,须跟动词原形, 有过去式(dared),无人称、数的变化,主要用于
否定句、疑问句或条件句中。在肯定句中一般用 作行为动词。
•【例20】 I wonder how he ________ that to the
teacher.
•A.dare to say
D.dares not to
•答案 A
•7.shall •(1)用于疑问句中征求意见,主语是第一、三人称。 •【例22】 Let's go shopping, ________ we? •A.don't B.will C.shall D.mustn't •答案 C •【例23】 Professor Smith, many students want to see you.________ they wait here or outside? •A.Do B.Will C.Shall D.Would •答案 C •(2)用于陈述句中表示说话人的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令 等,主语多为第二、三人称。
人教高三英语一轮语法复习:专题六情态动词和虚拟语气(共103张PPT)全国通用
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语法项目(一)情态动词情态动词的基本用法(表能力、表推测、 表请求、命令、允诺、义务等) 导一题尝试(单句语法填空)1. (2015*北京高考改编)一Can ,t you stay a little longer?一It's getting late. I really must g 0 now. My daughter is home alone.情态动词和虚拟语气语法要点•讲练悟通学什么、怎么学——分点突破更快捷 要点一2.(2015-重庆高考改编)You must be Carol. You haven'tchanged a bit after all these years.3.(2014*江苏高考改编)It was sad to me that they, so poorthemselves,should bring me food.4.(2014*江西高考改编)Life is unpredictable; even the poorestmight become the richest.(2014* 四川高考改编)1 still remember my happy childhood 5.when my mother would take me to Disneyland at weekends. —、情态动词can和could的辨析1.表示体力或脑力(知识、技能)所产生的能力,可译为"能够”。
Nobody can stop the development of science.谁也无法阻止科学的发展。
2.表示客观的可能性,可译为“有时会”。
The weather here can be as low as 0°C.这里的气温有时会低至零摄氏度。
3.表示请求建议,用could比can语气更委婉,回答用原形。
Could you wait a few days for the money? 这钱再等几天可以吗?4.(用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)表示猜测、怀疑或惊诧。
专题六情态动词和虚拟语气ppt(共45张PPT)
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三、虚拟语气在定语从句中的运用
他大可为他的儿子感到自豪。
—Are you
coming to Jeff’s party?
must have been
Heraappearance
has changed
sotomuch
you may well not recognize
—Don
come.He said he wasn’t certain what his plans
were.
A.must not
(
B.need not
C.would not
)④Jack described his father,who
D.might not
a brave boy many years ago,as a
( )⑩The new regulation
C
take effect on June 1st.
考点知识全面总结 栏目索引
注意:shall与第二、三人称连用用于陈述句,表示说话者的命令、警告
或威胁;当宣布法律规定时,shall也有此用法。
You shall leave the room at once,and he also shall.(=I order you and him to
力、必要性的用法;在虚拟语气方面,要结合句意弄清楚虚拟条件句中
是对什么时间的虚拟,对于其他从句中的虚拟语气,要区分哪些与时间
有关,哪些只有一种形式。
考点知识全面总结 栏目索引
考点知识全面总结
考点知识全面总结 栏目索引
考点知识全面总结 栏目索引
考点知识全面总结 栏目索引
英语专题:情态动词和虚拟语气ppt课件
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ppt课件完整
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一、几组情态动词的区别 1.can 和 be able to can 与 be able to 都可以表示能力,但两者在用法上有点差异: can(could) 表示主观能力,不表示意愿或做事成功与否;be able to 表示主观意愿,强调要克服困难去做某事并成功。它 的将来时用will be able to。例如: My grandma is over seventy,but she can still read without glasses. He is able to give up his bad habits.
ppt课件完整
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(2)may/might have done may/might have done 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了, may 比 might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。例如: I can't find my keys.I may/might have left them at the school yesterday. (3)could have done 在肯定句型中,往往表示委婉的批评。本 可以做什么而没做;有时也用作猜测。 You could have told us earlier. Tom could have taken the dictionary.
ppt课件完整
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4.can't 与 mustn't can't 表示“不能”,是指无能力;mustn't 表示“不能”, 指的是“禁止,不允许”。在口语里,can't 也可表示“禁止, 不允许”,但语气不如 mustn't 强。例如: He is so young that he can't go to school. There's a meeting inside.You mustn't make any noise.
高考英语情态动词与虚拟语气PPT课件
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【11福建,25】——Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? ——I am afraid you , in case he comes late for the meeting . A. will B. must C. may D. can 【11福建,34】——Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. ——I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended 【11安徽, 26】——What do you think of store shopping in the future? ——Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but _____. A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced 【11浙江,11】——How’s your new babysitter? ——We ________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A. should B. might C. mustn‘t D. couldn’t
A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not
【2011北京,28】——Where are the children? The
高考英语二轮专题复习课件第5讲情态动词助动词和虚拟语气共32张
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environment.
found→find
③(2016·全国卷 Ⅱ)We can chose between staying at home and
taking a trip.
chose→choose
④(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)You can correcting any mistakes
you find in them.
school next week.
should 后加be
⑦(2016·北京高考书面表达)As for my favorite figure in
Chinese history, it must Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the
late Qing Dynasty.
must后加 be
“ Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop ?”
②(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达 )I just found that I have to attend
be with us for dinner.
bought 前加 have
5.You should come to the meeting.What was the reason for
your absence?
come前加 have
6.I love the weekend, because I needn' t to get up early on
o' clock in the afternoon.
back前加be
3.Life is unpredictable; even the poorest may to become the
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6.表示必要性 表示现在或将来必须做某事用must;不必做某 事用don’t have to do sth.或don’t need to do sth.或needn’t do sth.;当表示过去 没有必要做但实际上做了,用needn’t have done sth.。
7.“情态动词+have done”用法 should (shouldn’t) have done本来应该(不 该)做某事而未做(做了) could/might have done本来能够/可以做某事 而未做 needn’t have done本来不必做某事但做了 must have done“一定已经……”,表示对过 去的肯定推测 can’t/couldn’t have done“不可能已 经……”,表示对过去的否定推测
8.情态动词的其他用法要点 can’t but+do sth.表示“不得不,只好”; may as well+动词原形,表示“最好,不 妨”;can’t (或never等否定词)与enough (或too much)连用,表示“再……也不为 过”;may可用于祈使句,表示祝愿;why (或 how)+ should意为“竟会”;must还可表示“偏 要/硬要”做某事;mustn’t表示“禁止”;对 以may开头的问句的否定问答应用mustn’t;对 以must开头的问句的否定问答应用needn’t (或don’t have to)。
18.You oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have told him about it.你本不该把这件事告诉他的。
归纳总结
1.情态动词的类型及特征 (1)只作情态动词的有:must,can (could), may (might), ought to。 (2)可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有: need,dare。 (3)可作情态动词也可作助动词的有:shall (should), will (would)。 (4)具有情态动词的某些特征的有:have/had to,used to。 (5)情态动词有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓 语,适用于主语的各种人称和数(have to除 外)。
4.表推测(可能性) can用于肯定句中表客观的可能性;may/must用 于肯定句表实际的可能性;表示否定的推测要 用can’t/couldn’t;表示确定(或可能有的 未来或期望)用should。
5.委婉语气 问句中could,might (及would,should)等表示 语气的委婉,但在答语中应用can/may。
10.You ought to/should work harder than that.你应当更努力地工作。
11.I ought to go and see my mother in hospital tomorrow,but I don’t think we will.我按理应当在明天去看看住院的母亲 的,但我认为我们不会去。(强调客观)
7.Yesterday morning I had to call on a friend.昨天早上我不得不去探访了一个朋友。 (过去式不用must)
8.If it should rain tomorrow,don’t expect me.万一明天下雨,就不要等我了。
9.It’s strange that he should be late. 真奇怪,他竟会迟到。
12.You shall have it back next week. 下星期一定还你。(承诺)
13.Candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. 应试人必须呆在座位上,直到试卷完全收回, 才能离开。(必须)
2.shall的用法 shall用于二、三人称的陈述句,表示命令、允 许、警告、威胁、决心等;用于一、三人称的 疑问句,表示征求对方的意见和指示。
3.表能力 can用来表示现在的或一般的能力(也可用be able to,但不如can普遍);表示将来的能力 用will be able to;表示过去一般的能力Байду номын сангаас不 表示做与未做)用could或were/was able to; 表示过去有能力并成功地做成了某事用was/ were able to;表示过去有能力做但未做用 could have done。
14.Shall he wait for you outside? 要不要他在外面等你?(征求意见)
15.You needn’t have mentioned it. 你本来不必提起这件事。
16.You might have been more diligent. 你本来可以更用功些。
17.She could have applied for that job,but she didn’t. 她本可以申请这份工作的,但她没有。
3.He worked very hard and was able to pass that examination.他学习非常努力,他能够通 过那场考试。(不用can)
4.—May/Might/Can/Could I have the television on?
——我可以打开电视看吗? —Yes,you can/may. ——可以。(不用could或might) 5.I must write a letter to the head teacher. 我非得给校长写封信不可。 6.You have to wear uniform on duty,don’t you?你在值班时必须穿制服,是吗?(指约束)
七、情态动词与虚拟语气
(一)情态动词 熟读深思
熟读下列句子,思考画线情态动词的语气和用法。 1.He could(=was able to) swim when he was
five.他五岁时就会游泳了。 2.In the past 50 years or so,scientists
have been able to “see” farther and farther into the sky.在过去50年里,科学家 们已经能够往天空看得更远。(不用can)