四相步进电机控制电路的设计与制作

开放性实验设计（论文）

题目四相步进电机控制电路的设计与制作

姓名伍玉鑫、王钊

教学院系电气信息学院

专业年级电气工程及其自动化2012级

指导教师

单位西南石油大学

完成日期2015 年 5 月 5 日

Southwest Petroleum University

Graduation Thesis

Design and fabrication of four stepper motor control circuit

Grade : 2012

Name : Wu yuxin Wang zhao

Instructor: Jin tao

School of Electrical Engineering and Information

2015-5-5

目录

摘要 (4)

1 课程设计任务和要求 (6)

1.1课程设计任务 (6)

1.2课程任务要求 (6)

4.四相步进电机的工作性能可靠，电路设计简单. (6)

2 课程设计的方案比较及选择 (7)

2.1 步进电机驱动方案选择 (7)

2.2 LED显示方案选择 (7)

2.3 控制状态的读取 (7)

3 控制系统的工作原理 (7)

3.1 四相步进电机控制工作原理 (8)

3.2 控制系统的设计思路 (9)

3.3 控制系统的整体框图 (9)

4 控制系统的硬件设计 (10)

4.1 总体的硬件设计 (10)

4.2 四相步进电机控制电路 (11)

4.3 LED显示电路 (12)

5控制系统的软件设计 (14)

5.1 总体的软件设计 (14)

5.2 系统关键模块设计 (17)

6 系统仿真结果 (20)

6.1 四相步进电机四种工作方式 (20)

6.2 相步进电机启动和停止 (22)

6.3 四相步进电机正转和反转 (22)

6.4 四相步进电机速度控制 (23)

心得体会 (25)

参考文献 (26)

附录1：总电路图 (27)

附录2：源程序 (28)

摘要

本次计算机控制技术课程设计的题目是：四相步进电机控制系统的设计。本次课程设计使用80c51单片机作为主控芯片，利用ULN2003A集成电路作为四相步进电机的驱动电路，采用单极性驱动方式，使四相步进电机能在（1）四相单四拍，（2）四相双四拍，（3）四相八拍四种工作方式下正常工作；能实现的功能有:启动/停止控制、方向控制；速度控制（快慢两档）；用4位LED数码管显示工作步数。用3个发光二极管显示状态：正转时红灯亮，反转时黄灯亮，不转时绿灯亮。本次课程设计采用80C51单片机作为主控芯片，程序采用C语言来编写，驱动电路采用ULN2003A集成电路，显示器采用7SEG-MPX4-CC,即四位共阴二极管显示器，P0接段码，并用8 只1SW欧左右电阻上拉。P2的4 位IO口接位选码。用四个发光二极管显示电路的转动状况，红灯指示正传，黄灯指示反转，绿灯指示不转。采用Proteus软件进行仿真。在SWeil uVsuon3编程环境下编程和编译生成HEX 文件，导入到80C51单片机，实现对各个模块的控制，实现我们所需要的功能。

本次设计的方案电路结构比较简单，设计思路很清晰清晰，用 Proteus软件进行联调仿真，结果比较直观。在这次课程设计学习中我学到了很多知识，知道了四相步进电机控制系统的组成以及怎样用80C51单片机去控制它，四相步进电机的工作方式压，这对我在课堂所学的计算机控制技术知识是个巩固和加强，让我把课堂所学的理论知识真实的用到实践中，亲自动手，增强了我的动手设计能力，对自己将来的学习和工作发展起到了很好的作用。

关键字：四相步进电机单片机 Proteus

Abstract

The computer control technology curriculum design topic is: the design of three-phase stepper motor control system. The curriculum design using 80C51 microcontroller as the main control

chip, drive circuit based on ULN2003A integrated circuit as the three-phase stepper motor, using unipolar drive mode, the three-phase stepper motor in three-phase three steps(1), (2) three phase double shot three, (3) normal three-phase six beat three under the working mode; can realize the function: start / stop control, direction control; speed control(speed two grades); with 4 LED digital tube display work steps. With 3 light emitting diode display status: forward when the red light, a reversal of the yellow light, green light is not rotated. The curriculum design using 80C51 microcontroller as the main control chip, the program is written by C, the drive circuit adopts a

ULN2003A integrated circuit, display using7SEG-MPX4-CC, which is the four common cathode LED display, P0 code, and using 8 1SW ohm pull-up resistor. 4 IO P2 port is connected with the selected code. With three light emitting diode display rotational status circuit, a red light indicating the

story, the yellow light indicating reversal, lights do not turn. Using Proteus

simulation software. Programming in keil uVsuon3 programming environment and compiler generated HEX file, into the 80C51 microcontroller ,realize the control of each module, to achieve the functions we need.

The design scheme of circuit structure is relatively simple, very clear design ideas clearly ,using Proteus software debugging simulation results, more intuitive. In the curriculum design learning

I learned a lot of knowledge, know the composition of the three-phase stepper motor control system and how to use the 80C51 microcontroller to control it, three-phase stepper

motor working pressure, which I learned in the classroom computer control technology is to consolidate and strengthen the knowledge, let me put the theory of knowledge in classroom

the real practical use, hands-on, enhance my ability to do design, a good effect on their future learning and work development.

Keywords: three-phase stepper motor microcontroller Proteus