笔译课后作业
川师笔译学生作业7
凯程葛老师为大家整理四川师范大学翻译硕士笔译学生上课笔记与课后作业：Handout3Culture and TranslationMain Points:A.Definition:Culture is the totality of the spiritual,intellectual,and artistic attitudes shared by a group, including its tradition,habits,social customs,morals,laws,and social relations.Sociologically, every society,on every level,has its culture;the term has no implications of high development.(The New World Encyclopedia)B.Culture and Language语言是文化的产物，也是文化的载体1.Region and Culturerest on one’s oarskeep one’s head above waterall at seahave other fish to frydrink like fishAll is fish that comes to one’s net．Never offer to teach fish to swim．2.History and CultureUncle SamUncle TomRomeoShylockcarry coal to Newcastlecarry owls to Athens3.Social Custom and National MentalityTry to translate the following idioms:●Love me,love my dog.●Birds of a feather flock together.●Longest day must have an end.●Gild the lily.●A peacock in a turkey’s pen.C.Culture and Translation翻译不仅是语际转换，也是跨文化转换。
笔译作业四
笔译作业四：英译汉：（全部翻译）para1:Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another.Para2I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal (严峻的）of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, it is victory. Victory at all costs——victory in spite of all terrors--- for without victory there is no survival.Let that be realized, no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that British Empire has stood for , no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall more forward toward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy（乐观，振奋）and hope. I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time, to claim the aid of all and to say, “Come then,let us go forward together with our united strength.（注：本段来自温斯顿丘吉尔在1940年5月13日英国下议院的演讲)。
笔译作业全部
Homework 11）。
I was, and remain, grateful for the part he played in my release. （注意时态）2）。
Man, was, is and always will be trying to improve his living conditions. (注意时态）3). In no case will the neighbors look on with folded arms. (译出复数）4). Another two weeks saw up-to-the standard machine parts being turned out. （译出复数）5). The judge let him off with warnings not to cause trouble again.(译出复数）6). The first electronic computers went into operation in 1945. (增加量词）7）This helps to save coal and reduce the cost of electricity.(谈及电厂）（增加动词）8）I remembered the fear and anger in the gunmen’s voices because John was being slow. (增加动词）9) Some modifications (修改）of the original project were suggested at the meeting yesterday.(增加名词）10）The arrogance of the aristocracy helped to lead to the French Revolution. (增加名词）11) Jefferson’s courage and idealism were based on knowledge. (增加形容词）12）At the meeting he made a speech—eloquent and energetic. (增加副词）13) The fan, with its modern, elegant, bright, and harmoniously colored design, is an excellentelectrical household appliance for cooling purpose on hot summer days.(增加必要的名词）Homework 21.The advantages of the hall are bright, spacious, fashionable and without echo.(增加概括词）2.They talked about wage, price, and inflation. (增加概括词）3.Tom bought a red Fiat last month. （增加背景词）4.The little boy had brought with him knife, scissors and what not, tinkling in his pocket. (增加语气词）5.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man; Historiesmake men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend.Homework 31. The purpose of insurance is to provide protection against financial loss at a reasonable cost. (省略冠词）2. We assure you of our prompt attention to this matter. (省略代词）3. If your TV set does not work properly, you’d better not have it fixed. Just buy a new one.（省略代词）4. Why do we feel cooler when we fan ourselves? （省略代词）5. It is too late for another try. (省略it）6. It’s so noisy in the bar and I can’t bear it. （省略it）7. It was clearly the headmaster himself that opened the door. （省略it）8. There are a variety of population problems in all parts of the world. (省略前置词）9. Europeans came to the Japanese Islands in the 16th century. (省略前置词）10. Isaac Newton, theoretical physicist and mathematician, was born in 1642.Homework 41. There must be some people in the room, for I heard a voice. (省略连词）2. Telephone communication is now widespread and efficient. (省略连词）3. This was a masterly appointment. (省略动词）4. These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources. （省略动词）5. Stainless steels possess good hardness and high strength. (省略动词）6. It is desirable that the meeting should be held as soon as possible.7. We have tested 200 types of cloth, none of which is completely waterproof.8. We had learned a lot from the workers and technicians.9. The cessation of the present restrictions cannot be made.10. Their respective destiny are becoming increasingly interdependent. 11. Before the night was far advanced, they began to move against the enemy.12. One must make painstaking effort before one could succeed in mastering a foreign language.13. I can finish the work so long as you give me time.14. We are looking forward with interest to you reply.Homework 5Everyone has got two personalities-the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real. Y ou don't show your secret personality when you're awake because you can control your behavior, but when you're asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their position. The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.If you go to sleep on your back, you're a very open person. Y ou normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. Y ou don't like to upset people, so you never express your real feelings. Y ou're quite shy and you aren't very confident.Homework 6越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。
笔译作业
1.The results raised the exciting possibility that SATB1 could open up a cure for cancer.这些结果使SATB1用于治疗癌症呈现出令人兴奋的可能性。
2.A business-climate survey conducted by Munich’s Ifo Institute for Economic Research found expectations for the next six months at their lowest since mid-2009.慕尼黑经济研究所的一项商业景气度调查显示，受访者对未来六个月的预期已降至2009年年中以来的最低点。
“受访者”是译者补充的，不补充的话，翻译过来会很别扭。
3.America has been doing a lot better than Europe.美国的情况一直比欧洲好得多。
译者的翻译体现出原文的时态，即“一直”二字。
4.The mutual defense treaty, which dates back to 1951, is perceived as a deterrent to China’s creeping assertiveness in nearby maritime areas, including the contested Spratly Islands.早在1951年签署的美菲共同防御条约被认为对中国在包括有争议的“斯普拉特群岛”（即我国南沙群岛）在内的周边海域渐趋强硬的作风起着威慑作用。
此句中宾语的定语较长，谓语又是被动语态，所以得先理清句子结构，理解原文意思。
此外，“斯普拉特利群岛”是某些外国人对我国南沙群岛的称呼，针对中国读者，译者有补充说明。
5.I’m saying that it is fiscally irresponsible for me to go to college.我是说，从财政上来说，去上大学很不靠谱。
笔译理论与技巧——课后练习题习题,英汉翻译句子
第三课1.China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export of nuclear materials and technology in an important step to bring its policies on proliferation in line with those of Western powers.2.Beijing, China's capital, has become the latest of several industrial centres to fall victim to electricity shortages, with authorities preparing to impose rolling blackouts on some 6,400 factories from yesterday until the end of August.3.The rate of increase in China's car sales slowed dramatically in June, sending the market into potentially more perilous territory for the local and multinational manufacturers that have recently committed more than $l0 billion to new capacity in the country.4.Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August after months of decline, challenging hopes that the government is successfully engineering a smooth economic "soft landing" and fuelling speculation that Beijing will soon order an interest rate rise.5.Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because of it-China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems.6.Today's teachers know they have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining for children raised on television and computer games.7.China's fixed-asset investment in October was up 26.4 percent from a year earlier, down from the previous month but at a level analysts said was still high enough for Beijing to keep a tight grip on credit.8.In March, the US filed its first WTO complaint against Beijing, over what the US says is a discriminatory tax on semiconductors. With the EU about to follow the same path, China could soon be embroiled in trade disputes with two of its biggest trading partners and investors.第三课1．中国加入了控制核材料和技术出口的多国集团。
笔译练习题
笔译练习题一、词汇翻译1. 请将下列英文单词翻译成中文：- Translation- Context- Idiom- Coherence- Register2. 请将下列中文词汇翻译成英文：- 笔译- 口译- 翻译技巧- 文化差异- 语言风格二、句子翻译1. 翻译以下英文句子到中文：- "The art of translation is not only about finding theright words, but also about conveying the right tone."- "In the process of translation, cultural nuances play a significant role."2. 翻译以下中文句子到英文：- “翻译不仅仅是找到正确的词汇，更重要的是传达正确的语调。
” - “在翻译过程中，文化细微差别起着重要作用。
”三、段落翻译1. 将下列英文段落翻译成中文："In the realm of translation, the translator must be adept at not only linguistic skills but also cultural competence. A good translator should be able to capture the essence of the original text while also making it accessible to the target audience."2. 将下列中文段落翻译成英文：“在翻译领域，翻译者不仅要精通语言技能，还要具备文化能力。
一个好的翻译者应该能够捕捉原文的精髓，同时使其对目标受众易于理解。
”四、翻译技巧分析1. 阅读以下英文段落，并分析翻译者可能如何平衡原文的直译与意译： "The phrase 'a picture is worth a thousand words' is a testament to the power of visual communication. It suggests that an image can convey complex ideas and emotions with a simplicity that words alone cannot achieve."2. 阅读以下中文段落，并分析翻译者在处理文化特定表达时可能采取的策略：“成语‘画龙点睛’形象地说明了在创作中添加关键一笔的重要性，它强调了细节在整体效果中的作用。
英汉笔译课后练习答案 26页PPT文档
7．Is the press a great power in your country?
【译文】贵国新闻界有很大的影响（力） 吗？
11
返回章重点
课堂互动 2： 英汉互译（参考源自案）8．Brown may say what he likes, but it is his wife who wears the trousers.
第一章
翻译概述
Brief Introduction to the EnglishChinese Translation
课堂互动 1：找找哪个译文正确（参考答案）
1．He has a weakness for smoking. A．他有抽烟的缺点。 B．他有抽烟的癖好。
2．A cat is a cleanly animal. A．猫是一种干净的动物。 B．猫是喜爱清洁的动物。
【译文】布朗爱说什么就说什么，但当家 作主的却是他老婆。
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返回章重点
课堂互动 2： 英汉互译（参考答案）
B. 汉译英 （Into English） 9. 青岛今昔 【译文】 Qingdao — Yesterday and Today
Qingdao — Past and Present Qingdao’s Yesterday and Today Qingdao: Yesterday and Today Qingdao: Past and Present Qingdao, Yesterday and Today Qingdao, Past and Present
and laughed at the cap hanging there on the pole. 【译文】他交臂直立，笑看帽子挂在杆子 上那个样子。
东北林业大学翻译硕士笔译作业及答案
Preface to Culture of NarcissismHardly more than a quarter-century after Henry Luce proclaimed “the American century”, American confidence fallen to low ebb. Those who recently dreamed of world power now despair of governing the city of New York. Defeat in Vietnam, economic stagnation, and the impending exhaustion of natural resources have produced a mood of pessimism in higher circles, which spreads through the rest of society as people lose faith in their leaders. The same crisis of confidence grips other capitalist countries as well. In Europe, the growing strength of communist parties, the revival of fascist movements, and a wave of terrorism all testify, in different ways, to the weakness of established regimes and to the exhaustion of established tradition. Even Canada, long a bastion of stolid bourgeois dependability, now faces in the separatist movement in Quebec a threat to its very existence as a nation.The international dimensions of the current malaise indicate that it can not be attributed to an American failure of nerve. Bourgeois society seems everywhere to have used up its store of constructive ideas. It has lost both the capacity and the will to confront the difficulties that threaten to overwhelm it. The political crisis of capitalism reflects a general crisis of western culture, which reveals itself in a pervasive despair of understanding the course of modern history or of subjecting it to rational direction. Liberalism, the political theory of the ascendant bourgeois, long ago lost the capacity to explain the events in the world of welfare state and the multinational corporation; nothing has taken its place. Politically bankrupt, liberalism is intellectually bankrupt as well. The sciences it has fostered, once confident of their ability to dispel the darkness of the ages, no longer provide satisfactory explanations of the phenomena they profess to elucide. Neoclassical economic theory can not explain the coexistence of unemployment and inflation; sociology retreats from the attempts to outline a general theory of modern society; academic psychology retreats from the challenge of Fraud into the measurement of trivia. The natural sciences, having made exaggerated claims for themselves, now hasten to announce that science offers no miracle cures for social problems.享利卢斯曾经宣称“美国世纪”的到来。
笔译理论与技巧——课后练习题习题,英汉翻译句子
笔译理论与技巧——课后练习题习题,英汉翻译句子第三课1.China has joined the multilateral group controlling the export of nuclear materials and technology in an important step to bring its policies on proliferation in line with those of Western powers.2.Beijing, China's capital, has become the latest of several industrial centres to fall victim to electricity shortages, with authorities preparing to impose rolling blackouts on some 6,400 factories from yesterday until the end of August.3.The rate of increase in China's car sales slowed dramatically in June, sending the market into potentially more perilous territory for the local and multinational manufacturers that have recently committed more than $l0 billion to new capacity in the country.4.Chinese industrial output growth rebounded in August after months of decline, challenging hopes that the government is successfully engineering a smooth economic "soft landing" and fuelling speculation that Beijing will soon order an interest rate rise.5.Despite this backwardness (in the communications) -or perhaps because of it-China hopes to leapfrog into the digital era by bypassing many of the costly transitional technologies that industrial nations are now seeking to replace with more advanced digital systems.6.Today's teachers know they have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining for children raised on television and computer games.7.China's fixed-asset investment in October was up 26.4percent from a year earlier, down from the previous month but at a level analysts said was still high enough for Beijing to keep a tight grip on credit.8.In March, the US filed its first WTO complaint against Beijing, over what the US says is a discriminatory tax on semiconductors. With the EU about to follow the same path, China could soon be embroiled in trade disputes with two of its biggest trading partners and investors.第三课1．中国加入了控制核材料和技术出口的多国集团。
笔译练习及答案
翻译的意义是将词句从一种语言转换成另一种语言。
简单地讲，它是用与原作不同的语言将作者的真正意思准确地复述出来的一种艺术。
Translation means the conversion of an expression from one language into another. To put it plainly, translation is an art to reproduce the exact idea of the author by means of a language different from the original.从以上翻译的定义来看，我们知道词句的原意必须尽可能的保持准确，不可有所删减。
From the above definition of translation we know that the original thought of the expression must be kept as far as possible and that nothing should be added to or taken away from the original work.翻译者的任务只是变换词汇而不是改变其意思。
因此，翻译有两种要素：准确性和表达性The duty of the translator is simply to change the vocabulary, not the thought. In translation, therefore, there are two essential elements: accuracy and expressiveness. 准确性是翻译的首要条件。
译者必须遵循原作者的意思。
字句的选择与句式结构必须如实传达原作的思想。
Accuracy is the first requisite of translation. The translator must stick to the author’s idea. Words selected and sentences constructed must be such as to convey the exact original thought.表达性是使译文易于理解。
2015笔译实践课程作业
《笔译实践》课程作业（第一周英译汉两篇）（1）Women are free. At least, they look free. They even feel free. But in reality women in the western, industrialized world today are like the animals in a modern zoo. There are no bars. It appears that cages have been abolished. Yet in practice women are still kept in their place just as firmly as the animals are kept in their enclosures. Women have fallen victim to one of the most insidious and ingenious confidence tricks ever perpetrated. The ingenious point about the new-model zoo is that it deceives both sides of the invisible barrier. Not only cannot the animal see how it is imprisoned; the visitor’s conscience is relieved of the unkindness of keeping animals shut up.The pressures society exerts to drive men out of the house are very nearly as irrational and unjust as those by which it keeps women in. Society is playing on our sexual vanity. Tell a man that he is not a real man, or a woman that she is not 100 percent woman, and you are threatening both with not being attractive to the opposite sex. No one can bear not to be attractive to the opposite sex. That’s the climate which the human animal cannot tolerate. So society has us all at its mercy. It has only to murmur to the man that staying home is a feminine characteristic, and he will be out of the house like a bullet. It has only to suggest to the woman that logic and reason are the exclusive province of the masculine mind, where intuition and feeling are the female forte, and she will throw her physics textbooks out of the window. So brilliantly has society contrived to terrorize women with this threat that certain behavior is unnatural and unwomanly, that it has left them no time to consider—or even sheerly observe-what womanly nature really is. Fright has thrown her into such a muddle that she confuses having no taste for cookery with having no breasts, and conversely assumes that nature has unfailingly endowed the human female with a special handiness with frying pans.Even psychoanalysis has unwittingly reinforced the terrorization campaign. The trouble was that it brought with it from its origin a medical therapy a criterion of normality instead of rationality. If a woman who is irked by confinement to the kitchen merely looks around to see what other women are doing and finds they are accepting their kitchens, she may well conclude that she is abnormal and had better enlist her psychoanalyst’s help toward living with her kitchen. What she ought to ask is whether it is rational for women to be kept to the kitchen, and whether nature really does insist on that in the way it insists women have breasts.The normal and natural thing for human beings is not to tolerate handicaps but to reform society and to circumvent or supplement nature. In reality, the whole idea of a specifically feminine or masculine contribution to culture is a contradiction of culture.A contribution to culture is not something which could not have been made by the other sex; it is something which could not have been made by any other person. Not only are the distinctions we draw between male nature and female nature largely arbitrary and often pure superstition, they are completely beside the point. They ignore the essence of human nature. The important question is not whether women are or are not less logical by nature than men, but whether education, effort and the abolition of our illogical social pressures can improve on nature and make them—and, incidentally, men as well—more logical.Civilization consists not necessarily in defying nature but in making it possible for us to do so if we judge it desirable. The higher we can lift our noses from the grindstone of nature, the wider the area we have of choice; and the more choices we have freely made, the more individualized we are. We are at our most civilized when nature does not dictate to us, as it does to animals and peasants, but when we can opt to fall in with it or better it. If modern civilization has invented methods of preparing baby foods and methods of education which make it possible for men to feed babies and for women to think logically, we are betraying civilization itself if we do not set both sexes free to make a free choice.译文：女人是自由的。
高级笔译 练习一及答案
I. 英汉句子翻译1) A huge new business requires deep pockets, patience and a raison d’être. 开创一番新事业需要雄厚的资金与无比的耐心，还要清楚此事业值得开创的理由。
2) Failure to greet a person you recognize or to answer a greeting to you is unkindness to the other person, and very bad manners. 不与别人打招呼或是不回应别人的问候，是对别人的不尊重，也是失礼的。
3) Military strategy may bear some similarity to the chessboard but it is dangerous to carry the analogy too far. 打仗的策略同下棋可能有某些相似之处，但是如果把这两者的类比过分夸大，则是危险的。
4) Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 清洁运动并未使公共厕所的卫生状况有任何改观。
5) Other parts of the country were blessed with timely rains, too. 国内其他的地方也下了及时雨。
6) Not getting that job was actually a blessing in disguise, because I have got a much better one. 没有得到那份工作其实是塞翁失马，因为现在我已得到一个好得多的工作。
7) A Fortune 100 company with global presence and impact, Motorola had sales of US $42.8 billion in 2006. 摩托罗拉是世界财富百强企业之一，拥有全球性的业务和影响力，2006年的销售额为428亿美元。
《高级商务笔译》课后练习参考译文
商务笔译课后练习参考译文第1 章提升翻译能力的对策IV.句子翻译1.在21 世纪，商业环境极具竞争性，不断改进已经不再是一种选择，而是一种必要。
任何规模的机构都可以带来变化的一个领域就是人力资源的利用。
人是公司最大的财富。
2.改变过时的结构、打破陈旧的观念有利于企业吸引、激励、留任那些有远见、技能和决心去与时俱进的员工。
3.外部激励（如巨额奖金）可能会适得其反，因为这种奖金会滋生个人贪欲而非企业道德，助长竞争而非协同工作。
相比之下，内部激励则更持久，能引导员工去关注工作而非报酬。
4.领导艺术的精髓就是促使下属不断尽力而为，帮助他们最大限度地发掘潜力，激励他们为共同利益而努力。
5.如果领导者对机构内各级人员的工作、能力、希望与要求都给予尊重，他也会得到别人的尊重。
6.帮助员工学习新技能、在机构内部轮换岗位都可以作为内部激励的方式，也可以留住那些本想去别处寻找新挑战的员工。
7.亚伯拉罕•马斯洛提出的人类动机理论已广为人知。
在这一理论中，马斯洛将人类的需要分为五个按固定顺序逐级而上的层次。
人们只有在基础需求得到充分满足之后，才会努力满足更高的需求。
著名的马斯洛需求层次理论由以下五个方面构成：（1）生理需求，（2）安全需求，（3）爱与隶属需求，（4）尊严需求，（5）自我实现需求。
8.现代生活的负担加上工作的高要求会导致人们情绪失衡，即通称的压力。
但并非所有的压力都有害无益。
活着就意味着应对实现追求的压力和迎接挑战的兴奋。
其实，已有证据表明人需要适量的刺激，而单调乏味的工作和超负荷工作会带来同样的问题。
我们通常所说的压力指的是过大的压力。
9.出色的管理在于最大程度地提升绩效以实现特定的机构目标。
虽然许多管理者都非常明确他们的目标，也了解员工的不足之处，然而当涉及到如何改善员工行为以取得预期绩效这类问题时，这些管理者却往往手足无措。
10.从根本上讲, 工作满意感是一种源于对自己工作体验评价的积极情感。
如果人们对工作的期望无法实现，就会对工作产生不满。
川师笔译学生作业3
凯程葛老师为大家整理四川师范大学翻译硕士笔译学生上课笔记与课后作业：Key Points:Ⅰ.直译与意译直译“literal translation”or“word-for-word translation”意译“liberal translation"or"free translation"．A.Literal Translation1.Literal translation is asked1)not to alter the figures of speech,2)strive to retain the original sentence structures or patterns as much aspossible.It strives to reproduce both the ideological content and the style of the original works and retains as much as possible the figures of speech.2.直译并不是死译Example1.如今江湖上歹人多。
（36回）Example2.(……那捕盗官司的人，哪里敢下乡村来？若是那上司官员差他们缉捕人来，）都吓得屎尿齐流，（怎敢正眼儿看他！）B.Free Translation1.Free translation changes the original work’s figures of speech,sentencestructures or patterns,but not the original meaning.It stresses the TL smoothnes s.It aims at the communicative effect of the translated version.2.意译并不是乱译。
中口笔译课后补充练习及答案
中口笔译课后补充练习及答案中口笔译课后补充练习及答案Lesson 11Covering an area of 175 acres , the Palace is enclosed by walls over 35 feet high.2The farm was ringing with the sound of the iron gong and they could see the laborers pouring out of their huts, pointing at the hills and shoutingexcitedly.3I walked the unemployment lines the other day to talk to this American，who was depressed, pained and bewildered.4Not knowing where the supermarket was, he cou ldn’t buy what he needs.5There are variety of means to accomplish students’ employability, including helpingstudents to acquire well-developedcommunication skills, research capabilities, and analytical abilities.Lesson 21.This seems mostly effectively done by supportinga certain amount of research not related toimmediate goals but of possible consequences in the future.2.New sources of energy must be found, and thiswill take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past.3.The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly atany time, and in any case, the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use.4.It is imagined by many that the operations of thecommon mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.5.In my view, rather than a melting pot, the UnitedStates today may be more accurately described asa multicultural society.Lesson 31.要深刻认识反腐败工作的长期性、艰巨性、复杂性。
笔译课后练习6篇_Ss_
语篇1本山就此成为传说赵本山上不上春晚新闻的终极大结局是，他老人家说，此番退出，永不再见，今后不仅不上央视和地方台演小品，而且从此要退出小品江湖。
凡事盛极而衰，从1990年开始，本山大叔作为21年镇春晚之宝，虽然日益小状况频发，到去年首次退出，把全国人民的腰闪得够呛。
到今年本山大叔早早态度先行，表示参加是肯定的，然后传出要牵手十分想见之倪萍一圆世纪眷属情缘，观众心里没暖和两天，拔凉拔凉消息传来，本山大叔彻底不玩了，再见小品舞台，再见那些年度段子……（217字）说明：1.较多口语化的地道中文表达2.词义的准确理解与恰当表达是重点语篇2：海珠区是广州市的中心城区，被珠江广州河段前后航道所环绕，是个水网密布、鸟语花香、商贸繁荣的生态绿岛。
全区面积90.45平方公里，常住人口140万，2009年实现国内生产总值561.4亿元人民币，第三产业占据比重80%以上。
岛内的黄埔古港是古代海上丝绸之路的起点，见证了“千年商埠”的盛衰轮回。
2004年“中国第一展”广交会落户琶洲，拉开了海珠区构建以会展经济为龙头的现代产业体系的帷幕。
目前，海珠区已成为中国商务展览最集中、经贸交流活动最活跃、高端服务业后发优势最突出的地区之一。
海珠区不但具有便捷的交通优势，更是广州中心城区一片难得的生态福地。
区内1.68万亩的生态果林，被称为广州市的“南肺”，也是中心城区珍贵的城市湿地。
（292字）说明：1.属一般宣传介绍类文体，实际翻译实践中较为常见2.此篇信息量较大，英译时应注意句子整合语篇3 Translate the underlined paragraphs.全国政协委员周新生在政协大会发言时讲的一个故事，引起很多代表委员和民众的共鸣。
他说：一位司局级老领导说女儿在他极力反对下，仍入外籍并嫁给外国人，女儿劝他的一句话最终让他接受了女儿的做法。
这句话是，“爸爸，您将来再不用为您的外孙在国内上幼儿园、小学、中学求人了”。
两会上引起热议的“中国式求人”，相信很多人都不陌生。
笔译作业及参考译文Ged__chtnistheorie
GedächtnistheorieHaben Sie ein gutes Gedächtnis? Die meisten Menschen beantworten diese Frage nur sehr zögernd, oder mit einem deutlichen Nein. Dabei sind die Gedächtnisschwächen sehr verschieden: Der eine klagt über ein mangelhaftes Zahlengedächtnis, während der andere Schwierigkeiten mit Namen hat. Ein provozierender Satz lautet: …Es gibt kein schlechtes Gedächtnis, es gibt nur Interesse oder Desinteresse.“Wenn ein Mann z.B. behauptet, ein schlechtes Gedächtnis zu besitzen und gleichzeitig sämtliche Fußballergebnisse vom letzten Wochenende weiß, oder eine Frau über ihr Gedächtnis klagt, aber alle Namen der Tiere im Tiergarten nennen kann, dann wird klar, dass die Gedächtnisleistung sehr abhängig ist von unserem Interesse und der damit verbundenen Aufmerksamkeit.Tatsachen, die mit starken Gefühlen verbunden sind, ob positiv oder negativ, werden meist sofort gespeichert, während uns die unauffälligen, alltäglichen Dinge, die wir uns merken müssen, oft Probleme bereiten.Ständig stürmt eine Flut von Reizen auf uns ein und es hängt von unserem Interesse und unserer Aufmerksamkeit ab, ob wir bei einem Einkaufsbummel auf bestimmte Autotypen achten oder auf die neuen1Schuhe in den Schaufenstern oder auf die Gesichter, die uns entgegenkommen. Wenn wir alles gleichzeitig aufnehmen und speichern würden, gäbe es im Gehirn sicher einen Zusammenbruch.Alle aufgenommenen Informationen kreisen zunächst ca. 20 Sekunden als elektrische Schwingungen im Ultrakurzzeitgedächtnis. Stellen wir in dieser Zeit eine Gedankenverbindung her, so wird die Information weitergeleitet an das Kurzzeitgedächtnis. Hier kann die Information 30 Minuten bis zu mehreren Stunden lang aufbewahrt werden. Dann kann sie in einen chemischen Stoff umgewandelt werden, der dann ins Langzeitgedächtnis gelangt und dort für immer gespeichert wird.Aus unbekannten Informationen wählen wir die aus, die uns interessant erscheinen, um sie im Ultrakurzzeitgedächtnis näher zu betrachten. Erinnern wir uns an etwas, oder halten wir sie für sehr wichtig, kommen sie ins Kurzzeitgedächtnis, uns unwichtig erscheinende Dinge gehen verloren, werden also vergessen. Im Kurzzeitgedächtnis wird produziert wie in einer Fabrik. Wird der Arbeitsprozess gestört, z.B. durch Lärm, oder drängen zu viele neue Informationen aus dem Ultrakurzzeitgedächtnis nach, dann wird der Speichervorgang unterbrochen. Wieder werden Informationen vergessen. Erst wenn sie im Langzeitgedächtnis gespeichert sind, können sie nicht mehr verloren2gehen.(Quelle: Vester, Frederic, 1991: Denken, Lernen, Vergessen. S. 43ff. München.)参考译文：记忆理论您的记忆力好吗？大多数人只能犹豫不决地给出答案，或者干脆明确承认自己的记忆力不好。
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海洋覆盖了地球表面的71%，是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分，也是资源的宝库，环境的重要调节器。
人类社会的发展必然会越来越多地依赖海洋。
二十一世纪是人类开发利用海洋的新世纪。
维护《联合国海洋法公约》（the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea）确定的国际海洋法律原则，维护海洋健康，保护海洋环境，确保海洋资源的可持续利用和海上安全，已成为人类共同遵守的准则和共同担负的使命。
中国是一个发展中的沿海大国。
中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护，把发展海洋事业作为国家发展战略，加强海洋综合管理，不断完善海洋法律制度，积极发展海洋科学技术和教育。
中国积极参与联合国系统的海洋事务，推进国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作，并认真履行自己承担的义务，为全球海洋开发和保护事业作出了积极贡献。