单相光伏逆变器系统设计(李纪伟)

2 单相光伏逆变器的原理 ................................................. 5 2.1 主电路的结构与工作原理 .......................................... 5 2.2 太阳能电池板的仿真模型设计与输出特性 ............................ 5 2.2.1 太阳能电池板的等效电路 ..................................... 5 2.2.2 太阳能电池实用的数学模型 ................................... 6 2.2.3 光照强度和电池温度对电池技术参数的影响 ..................... 7 2.2.4 不同光照强度下太阳能电池板的输出特性 ....................... 7 2.2.5 不同电池温度下太阳能电池的输出特性 ......................... 8 2.3 Boost 电路工作原理 .............................................. 9 2.4 单相电压型全桥逆变电路工作原理 ................................. 10 2.5 单相光伏逆变系统的并网方式 ..................................... 12 2.6 本章小结 ....................................................... 13
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Abstract
With the economic and social development, people's demand for energy is growing. However, limited coal, oil, natural gas and other resources, and these resources generate electricity environmental problems caused by increasingly large; hydropower is greatly affected by geographical conditions and seasons, and gave local cause environmental problems; solar energy because of its rich resources, clean pollution-free, so solar power more and more people's attention. From the advent of a solar cell, after decades of development, solar power has made great progress, the conversion efficiency of solar panels has been greatly improved, the inverter design has also been great progress solar power applications more widely, in support of national policy, and gradually expand the market, so that the further development of solar power generation, and development prospects for the future. This paper studies the photovoltaic inverter design, including the principle of modeling and simulation of solar panels, the working principle and simulation of Boost circuit voltage single-phase full-bridge inverter circuit and simulation, MPPT control, voltage outer current inner ring ring control parameters for each component is determined, then the simulation, analysis of photovoltaic inverter design is reasonable. Finally, I make a summary.
4 硬件设计 ............................................................ 23 4.1 太阳能电池板的设计 ............................................. 23
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4.1.1 太阳能电池板的选取 ........................................ 23 4.1.2 太阳能电池板侧的电容设计 .................................. 23 4.2 Boost 电路的设计 ............................................... 25 4.2.1 开关管的选取 .............................................. 25 4.2.2 储能电感的设计 ............................................ 25 4.3 单相全桥逆变电路的设计 ......................................... 26 4.3.1 功率器件的选取 ............................................ 26 4.3.2 直流侧支撑电容的设计 ...................................... 26 4.3.3 交流侧滤波电感的设计 ...................................... 27 4.4 DSP 控制板设计 ................................................. 28 4.5 本章小结 ....................................................... 29 5 仿真与分析 .......................................................... 30 5.1 仿真 ........................................................... 30 5.2 分析 ........................................................... 35 5.2.1 仿真结果分析 .............................................. 35 5.2.2 最大功率点的检测方法 ..................................... 39 5.2.3 最大功率检测方法的实际应用 ................................ 44 5.3 本章小结 ....................................................... 50 6 结论 ............................................................... 52 致 谢 ................................................................. 53 参考文献 .............................................................. 54
Keywords：Boost；DC/AC；MPPT；SPWM
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目录
1 绪论 ................................................................ 1 1.1 光伏发电的背景和意义 ............................................ 1 1.2 单相光伏逆变并网系统的介绍 ...................................... 2 1.2.1 单相光伏逆变并网系统的结构 ................................. 2 1.2.2 光伏逆变器的拓扑 ........................................... 2 1.2.3 单相光伏逆变系统的主要控制策略 ............................. 3 1.2.4 单相光伏逆变系统的 MPPT 控制 ................................ 3 1.3 论文主要研究内容 ................................................ 3
摘要
随着经济社会的发展，人们对于电能的需求越来越大。然而煤炭、石油、天然气等 资源有限，而且以这些资源发电带来的环境问题越来大；水利发电受地理条件和季节的 影响很大，又给当地带来环境问题；太阳能因其资源丰富，清洁无污染，因此太阳能发 电越来越受到人们的重视。从第一块太阳能电池的问世，经过几十年的发展，太阳能发 电已经取得了很大的进步，太阳能电池的转化效率有了很大的提高，逆变器的设计也有 了很大的进步，太阳能发电应用场合越来越广，国家政策的支持，市场逐渐的扩大，使 得太阳能发电进一步发展，并且发展前景一片光明。本文主要研究了光伏逆变器的设计， 包括太阳能电池的建模与仿真，Boost电路的工作原理与仿真，电压型单相全桥逆变电 路的原理与仿真，MPPT的控制，电压外环、电流内环的双环控制，各个元件参数的确定， 然后通过仿真，分析所设计的光伏逆变器的合理性,最后做了一个总结。 关键词：Boost；DC/AC；MPPT；SPWM