佝偻病介绍(英文版)

2.General treatment : Importantly , strengthen the baby’s nutrition and ensure that he is absorbed enough milk.Moreover, sticking to do some outdoor activities is good for his condition. 3.The severe skeletal deformity can consider to do surgery.
Action stage:
Chest: one year old
Thoracic deformity
chicken breast
Funnel breast
Action stage:
• Extremity: • over 6 months • One year old
rachitis bangle bracelet bowleg or X shaped leg
Action stage:
• Spinal column: kyphosis （后凸） Scoliosis （侧凸）
Action stage:
●
Development：
§ Motor function develop slow: Muscle tone is decreased(肌张力下降)
4.The baby can't make or use vitamin D because of a medical disorder such as disease.
5.The baby is grow too fast to have enough calcium.
Physing diagnoses：
1.Altered nutrition（营养失调） 2.Potential for infection（有感染的危险） plication（潜在并发症） 4.Knowledge deficit（知识缺乏）
nursing measures：
• 1.Doing more ativities in outdoor（增 加户外活动）
Frog belly(蛙形腹)
§nerve and spirit develop slow.
3.Recovery stage：
§ After doing some comprehensive treatment , the patient condition will become better.
2.Action stage:
• Performance;bone change and sport function development delay • Head :3-6 months Brain softening • 7-8 months Square head • Cross head • Bregmatic enlarge/delay close • Teething delay • Enamel deficiency
4.Sequelae stage(后遗症期)：
Patients with severe disease may have some skeletal deformity(骨骼畸形).
Supplementary Examination:
X-ray examination：
Biochemical examination：
血清 serum 初期 The early period 激期 Activity period falling 血磷 Blood phosphorus falling 血钙 Blood calcium falling 碱性磷酸酶 Alkaline phosphatase Normol or increased
• 2.Increasing the intake of Vitamin D （增加维生素D的摄入）
• 3.Preventing the children from the bacteria（预防感染）
• 4.Preventing the bone deformity and fracture（预防骨骼畸形和骨折）
Normol
Treatment principle :
1.Control the condition. 2.Prevent skeletal malformations.
Main measures:
1.Vitamin D treatment: Main oral vitamin D(General dosage for 50-100ug/d.) But, Severe children can inject the vitamin D3 for 7500-15000ug and change in oral after 2-3 months.
More low
More low
Slightly lower
increased
Normo Normol 恢复期 Recovery period l normo 后遗症期 Sequelae period l Normol
Normol
Become normol After 1-2 month Normol
●5.enhance
the body exercises（加强
体格锻炼）
• 6.Health education（健康教育）
1.The baby spend too little time outside under the sun.
2.The baby doesn't have enough foods containing vitamin D. 3.The mothers breed feeding don't receive vitamin D supplements.
What is rickets?
• Rickets [ˈrikits] is a bone disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium[ˈkælsiəm], or phosphate [ˈfɔsˌfeɪt] （磷酸）.
The reasons cause rickets：
Clinical stages:
1.Early stage
2.Action stage 3.Recovery stage
4.Sequelae stage
1.Early stage:
• Especially 3 months baby • Nerve excitability increased a) Emtion unsteable b) hyperhidrosis pressure alopecia