《文学美国文学》PPT课件
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《美国文学》课件三.ppt
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Anne Bradstreet: "Contemplations (9)"
• Contemplations (9) • I heard the merry grasshopper then sing. • The black-clad cricket (蟋蟀) bear a second part; • They kept one tune and played on the same string, • Seeming to glory in their little art. • Shall creatures abject thus their voices raise • And in their kind resound their Maker's praise, • Whilst I, as mute, can warble (sing in a high voice but not
• Smith says of Pocahontas that she "hazarded the beating out of her owne braines to save mine."
4
Captain John Smith: Life experiences
• On September 10, 1608, Smith became president of the council in the colony and orchestrated （organize）such improvements as expanding the settlement around the fort and repairing many buildings.
• His importance is more seen in his Puritanical doctrines; a representative of the idealistic aspect of American Puritanism and an emblem of the Calvinist beliefs and tenets.
Anne Bradstreet: "Contemplations (9)"
• Contemplations (9) • I heard the merry grasshopper then sing. • The black-clad cricket (蟋蟀) bear a second part; • They kept one tune and played on the same string, • Seeming to glory in their little art. • Shall creatures abject thus their voices raise • And in their kind resound their Maker's praise, • Whilst I, as mute, can warble (sing in a high voice but not
• Smith says of Pocahontas that she "hazarded the beating out of her owne braines to save mine."
4
Captain John Smith: Life experiences
• On September 10, 1608, Smith became president of the council in the colony and orchestrated （organize）such improvements as expanding the settlement around the fort and repairing many buildings.
• His importance is more seen in his Puritanical doctrines; a representative of the idealistic aspect of American Puritanism and an emblem of the Calvinist beliefs and tenets.
美国文学 ppt课件
• Puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated.
• Religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a
wrathful GodOf Plymouth Plantation
ppt课件
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Anne Bradstreet (安妮·布拉 德斯特里特) (1612-1672)
the first American woman poet
a Puritan poet, once called “Tenth Muse”
• The spiritual life in the colonies during that period was molded by the bourgeois Enlightenment.
ppt课件
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2. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790):
• The Autobiography • Poor Richard’s Almanack
the first American writer
A Description of New England 《新英格兰叙事》 (1616)
General History of Virginia《弗吉尼亚通史》 （1642）
• Pocahontas
ppt课件
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William Bradford (1590-1657)
• Politics dominated the revolutionary phase of American writing.
• The crisis in American life carried by the Revolution made artists self-conscious about American subjects.
美国文学EmilyDickinson迪金森
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Weird Recluse?
• She would sometimes send her poems to
people as gifts for valentines or birthdays, along with a pie or cookies.
• She often lowered snacks and treats in baskets to neighborhood children from her window, careful never to let them see her face.
• "If fame belonged to me," she told Higginson, "I could not escape her; if she did not, the longest day would pass me on the chase.… My barefoot rank is better." The twentieth century lifted her without doubt to the first rank among poets.
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What’s the Difference?
BECAUSE I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me; The carriage held but just ourselves And Immortality. We slowly drove, he knew no haste, And I had put away My labor, and my leisure too, For his civility. We passed the school where children played, Their lessons scarcely done; We passed the fields of gazing grain, We passed the setting sun.
美国文学课件(Poe)
• As a verse narrative, the poem is characterized by its dramatic variation of tone, which starts from mournfulness, and then progresses to trepidation and jocularity, and eventually to despair by way of hysterical self-torture. • In spite of its completeness of plot as a verse narrative, it is also characterized by its highly symbolic trait, which frequently leaves the reader with a feeling that it is difficult to read, because of its lack of adequate suggestions of certain meanings.
• 1827, a volume of poems Tamerlane and Other Poems was published in Boston • 1829, Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and Minor Poems, • 1831, Poems. • an editor first with The Southern Literary Messenger, later with such magazines as Graham’s and the Broadway Journal. • His marriage in 1835 to his first cousin, Virginia Clemn, deepened his financial difficulties. • 1839, “The Fall of the House of Usher” published in Burton’s Gentleman’s Magazine
艾米莉狄金森《美国文学》原创PPT课件
interest in Emily ‘s poems
. different nature
4
The Homestead
Emily Dickinson lived with her unmarried sister Lavinia in an elegant house called The Homestead(霍姆斯特德).
At the same time , Dickinson is widely acknowledged as an innovative pre-modernist poet as well as a rebellious and courageous woman.
迪金森的诗谜一般充满奇思妙想，展现出非凡的创造力与想象力。她的作品受到17世 纪英格兰玄学派诗人的影响，同时带有清教的家庭背景的烙印。虽然她不相信家庭的传统 宗教，但她研究了圣经，许多诗歌在形式上也类似圣经。她对破折号的热爱，不规则的韵 律和韵脚，超乎寻常的比喻使她当之无愧地成. 为19世纪美国文坛最具创新意识的诗人9。
A
promineGnrat vlaewaynedr
satnedrnpolitician(
我发生冲突。” Representative to Congress)
Same as their father’s career
Became ill when Emily was 25
Focus of attention and shows Close friend，though they share
.
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Themes
On Nature
• Dickinson observed nature closely and described it vividly but never with the feeling of being lost in it, or altogether part of it, nor was she surprised when its creatures also kept their distance.
美国文学ppt
The old Winery Cottage, where London died (in the left sleeping porch) on November 22, 1916
HIS FAMOUS FICTIONS
The Call of the Wild 《野性的呼唤》 《白牙》 《海狼》
White Fa“lost generation” and T.S.Eliot
REPRESETIVE WRITERS
Stephen Crane
Frank Norris
Theodore Dreiser
Jack
STEPHEN CRANE
Biography
Fiction and poetry
Style and technique
Émile Zola
Born Died Occupation Nationality Genres Notable work(s) Émile Édouard Charles Antoine Zola 2 April 1840 Paris, France 29 September 1902) (aged 62) Paris, France Novelist, playwright, journalist French Naturalism Les Rougon-Macquart, Thérèse Raquin Germinal
JACK LONDON
His major works
His honors and legacy
His life and death
January 12, 1876 – November 22, 1916
His writing style
His life story
《文学美国文学》PPT课件
因为人类的祖先亚当和夏娃是有罪的),
total depravity(人类是完全堕落的，所以
人要处处小心自己的行为，要尽可能做到
最好以取悦上帝), limited atonement (有
限救赎，只有被上帝选中的人才能得到上
帝的拯救)
h
3
American Puritanism
Features of American Puritan
h
8
2. Early American Puritan Writers
• John Smith, one of the founders of the colony of Jamestown: His descriptions about the new world became the source of information for the later settlers.
Exercise
Colonial period and Revolutionary period Early Romanticism Transcendentalism Late Romanticism
The age of Realism
Irving Franklin Cooper Emerson Hawthorne Twain James Dreiser Melville Thoreau
himself to writing Amh erican subject
12
2. Evaluation. (Benjamin Franklin1706 – 1790)
1) He was a rare genius in human history. Everything seems to meet in this one man, mind and will, talent and art, strength and ease, wit and grace, and he became almost everything: a printer, postmaster, citizen, almanac maker, essayist, scientist, inventor, statesman, philosopher, political economist and ambassador.
美国文学第二章浪漫主义PPT课件
1) He works aimed to entertain and amuse not to moralize
2) Vivid and true characters 3) Finished and musical language 4) Strong sense of humor 5) Never shocking but a bit sentimental at
27
>> Irving’s Writing style:
Vivid, memorable characters,
Detailed, insightful description of American scenery, traditions and cultures,
NEW
15
To sum up:
As a logical result of the foreign and native factors at work, American romanticism was both imitative and independent. However, it was in essence the expression of “ a real new experience” and contained “an alien quality” for the simple reason that “ the spirit of the place” was radically new and alien.
>>At mid-century a cultural reawakening brought a “flowering of New England”.
NEW
14
2) Vivid and true characters 3) Finished and musical language 4) Strong sense of humor 5) Never shocking but a bit sentimental at
27
>> Irving’s Writing style:
Vivid, memorable characters,
Detailed, insightful description of American scenery, traditions and cultures,
NEW
15
To sum up:
As a logical result of the foreign and native factors at work, American romanticism was both imitative and independent. However, it was in essence the expression of “ a real new experience” and contained “an alien quality” for the simple reason that “ the spirit of the place” was radically new and alien.
>>At mid-century a cultural reawakening brought a “flowering of New England”.
NEW
14
《美国文学》课件.ppt
3
• When he woke up, he noticed that his joints were stiff and that his beard had grown a foot long. Returning to his village, he found it changed almost beyond recognition.
7
3) What does “this legendary superstition” refer to? (Para. 2) 4) What is “the general purport of this legendary superstition”? (Para. 3—Para. 4)
8
5) Is the “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” the story of the Headless Horseman? If not, what does the “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” deal with?
10
Literary Terms: 1.Protagonist: The leading character in a play or story, originally the leader of the CHORUS in the AGON (“contest”) of Greek drama, faced with the ANTAGONIST, the opposition.
9
6) How many major characters are mentioned in the “legend”? Who are they? And what’s the relationship between them? Who is the protagonist? And who is the antagonist?
• When he woke up, he noticed that his joints were stiff and that his beard had grown a foot long. Returning to his village, he found it changed almost beyond recognition.
7
3) What does “this legendary superstition” refer to? (Para. 2) 4) What is “the general purport of this legendary superstition”? (Para. 3—Para. 4)
8
5) Is the “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” the story of the Headless Horseman? If not, what does the “Legend of Sleepy Hollow” deal with?
10
Literary Terms: 1.Protagonist: The leading character in a play or story, originally the leader of the CHORUS in the AGON (“contest”) of Greek drama, faced with the ANTAGONIST, the opposition.
9
6) How many major characters are mentioned in the “legend”? Who are they? And what’s the relationship between them? Who is the protagonist? And who is the antagonist?
《美国文学》课件一
• 1. American literature grew out of humble origins. • 2.Diaries, histories, journals, letters, commonplace books, travel books, sermons, in short, personal literature in its various forms, occupy a major position in the literature of the early colonial period.
V. The Survey of Selected Readings in American Literature
• 2. Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) was at first a faithful follower of Emerson, but alienated himself somewhat from the master later on. • 3. Another of Emerson's contemporaries, Walt Whitman (1819-1892), tried to write poetry describing the native American experience. • 4. Whitman and Dickinson were the two major American poets of the nineteenth century.
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American Literature
Foreign Language Department
Tangmerican Literature
V. The Survey of Selected Readings in American Literature
• 2. Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) was at first a faithful follower of Emerson, but alienated himself somewhat from the master later on. • 3. Another of Emerson's contemporaries, Walt Whitman (1819-1892), tried to write poetry describing the native American experience. • 4. Whitman and Dickinson were the two major American poets of the nineteenth century.
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American Literature
Foreign Language Department
Tangmerican Literature
美国文学 PPT课件
➢ Chapter II Revolutionary Period
Benjamin Franklin Philip Freneau
➢ Chapter III American Romanticism
Washington Irving James Fenimore Cooper William Cullen Bryant Edgar Allan Poe Nathaniel Hawthorne
Brief Outline of American literature
1. Colonial period (1607-1775)
Anne Bradstreet Edward Taylor
2. Revolutionary period
(1775-1783) Benjamin Franklin Philip Freneau
The early settlers
❖ Christopher Columbus discovered the American continent in 1492.
❖ Captain John Smith reached Jamestown, Virginia in 1607.
❖ Puritans came the New England area, by Mayflower in 1620.
❖ Literature is characterized by beauty of expression and form and by universality of intellectual and emotional appeal.
2. Forms (genres) of literature? Poetry, novel (fiction), drama, prose, essay, epic, elegy, short story, journalism, ts, novelette, etc.
Benjamin Franklin Philip Freneau
➢ Chapter III American Romanticism
Washington Irving James Fenimore Cooper William Cullen Bryant Edgar Allan Poe Nathaniel Hawthorne
Brief Outline of American literature
1. Colonial period (1607-1775)
Anne Bradstreet Edward Taylor
2. Revolutionary period
(1775-1783) Benjamin Franklin Philip Freneau
The early settlers
❖ Christopher Columbus discovered the American continent in 1492.
❖ Captain John Smith reached Jamestown, Virginia in 1607.
❖ Puritans came the New England area, by Mayflower in 1620.
❖ Literature is characterized by beauty of expression and form and by universality of intellectual and emotional appeal.
2. Forms (genres) of literature? Poetry, novel (fiction), drama, prose, essay, epic, elegy, short story, journalism, ts, novelette, etc.
4美国文学课件
Poetic Principles
To Poe, poetic meaning is in the poem’s own poem’ composition and utterance, thus there is no utterance, exterior or transcendental truth in a poem. This emphasis on the poem’s own integrity poem’ and that a poem being absolutely independent allows people to associate Poe with the school of “art for art’s sake” and to regard him art’ sake” as a precursor to the school of New Criticism in the 20th century America.
► Quoth
the Raven, Nevermore
► Original
Burial Place of Edgar Allan Poe From October 9, 1849 Until November 17, 1875 ► Mrs. Marian Clemm, His Mother-In-Law Mother-InLies Upon His Right And Virginia Poe His Wife, Upon His Left. Under The Monument Erected To Him In This Cemetery
► Before
he became editor of Southern Literary Messenger in 1835, he had published a number of short stories, including “MS Found in a Bottle” Bottle”. In his new position as editor, Poe soon established himself as a leading critic in literature. literature. His editorship and the vitality of his critical articles and his literary creation brought him increasing fame in literary circles but never wealth; even when he was at the peak of his career, he was “as … as ever I was in my life.” life. in 1847 his wife died, and then two more years of loneliness, poverty, intoxication and illness killed Poe at the age of 40.
美国文学ppt课件
histories, travel accounts, diaries,
biographies, letters, autobiographies, sermons,
and poems.
Wor
5
Major writers:
Captain John Smith （约翰·史密斯）
? the first American
? The “newness” of Americans as a nation is in connection with American Romanticism.
? As a logical result of the foreign and native factors at work, American romanticism was both imitative and independent
Politics dominated the revolutionary phase of American writing.
The crisis in American life carried by the Revolution made
artists self-conscious about American subjects.
?“Poet of the American
Revolution”
?“Father of American
Poetry”
?“Pioneer of the New
Romanticism”
?“A gifted and versatile lyric
Wor
poet”
? “The Rising Glory of America” (1772)
美国文学课件(Emerson and Thoreau)PPT教学课件
• Other influences on Emerson’s later thinking included
– his own Unitarian-Yankee background
– his admiration for Plato and the neo-Platonism
– his study of the sacred bocks of the East
American Literature
Lecture Six
Emerson and Thoreau
Ralph Waldo Emerson
(18031882)
• Born in Boston, the son of a Unitarian (一神教的) minister who was a member of an old Puritan family.
• During a tour of Europe (1832-33), he met Carlyle, Wordsworthom he became intimately associated with the transcendental thought and its sources with the German idealism.
• After his father’s death, he was raised by his mother and an aunt, Mary Moody Emerson, a zealously pious woman who expressed her sardonically critical mind in a style her nephew admired and imitated.
• After graduation in 1821 he took over his brother’s Boston school for young ladies, although with some misgivings
– his own Unitarian-Yankee background
– his admiration for Plato and the neo-Platonism
– his study of the sacred bocks of the East
American Literature
Lecture Six
Emerson and Thoreau
Ralph Waldo Emerson
(18031882)
• Born in Boston, the son of a Unitarian (一神教的) minister who was a member of an old Puritan family.
• During a tour of Europe (1832-33), he met Carlyle, Wordsworthom he became intimately associated with the transcendental thought and its sources with the German idealism.
• After his father’s death, he was raised by his mother and an aunt, Mary Moody Emerson, a zealously pious woman who expressed her sardonically critical mind in a style her nephew admired and imitated.
• After graduation in 1821 he took over his brother’s Boston school for young ladies, although with some misgivings
《美国文学》课件4.ppt
The space between, is but an hour, The frail duration of a flower.
10
Notes for the 1st stanza: retreat: place of seclusion; secluded place untouch’d: untouched; honey’d: honeyed; greet: personification No roving foot shall crush thee here, / No busy hand provoke a tear: iteration; parallelism; personification; synecdoche; provoke: shall provoke, cause to shed;
LECTURE FOUR
PhilipБайду номын сангаасFreneau
(1752-1832)
1.Freneau’s position in American literature and his major poems: the most significant poet of the 18th century America; the “father of American poetry”;
2
the first important poet to turn his eyes to America; almost alone of his generation, he managed to evade the pervasive atmosphere of imitativeness, to see life around directly, and to appreciate the natural scenes on the New Continent and the native Indian civilization
10
Notes for the 1st stanza: retreat: place of seclusion; secluded place untouch’d: untouched; honey’d: honeyed; greet: personification No roving foot shall crush thee here, / No busy hand provoke a tear: iteration; parallelism; personification; synecdoche; provoke: shall provoke, cause to shed;
LECTURE FOUR
PhilipБайду номын сангаасFreneau
(1752-1832)
1.Freneau’s position in American literature and his major poems: the most significant poet of the 18th century America; the “father of American poetry”;
2
the first important poet to turn his eyes to America; almost alone of his generation, he managed to evade the pervasive atmosphere of imitativeness, to see life around directly, and to appreciate the natural scenes on the New Continent and the native Indian civilization
2024版美国文学菲茨杰拉德Fitzgerald课件
美国文学菲茨杰 拉德Fitzgerald 课件
2024/1/29
1
目录
• 菲茨杰拉德简介与背景 • 《了不起的盖茨比》解读 • 《夜色温柔》赏析 • 菲茨杰拉德短篇小说选讲 • 菲茨杰拉德创作风格与技巧 • 菲茨杰拉德与其他作家比较研究
2024/1/29
2
01
菲茨杰拉德简介与背景
2024/1/29
2024/1/29
5
文学地位及影响
文学地位
菲茨杰拉德被誉为20世纪美国文学的重要代表之一，他的作品以独特的风格和深刻的社会洞察力赢得了 广泛的赞誉。他的小说作品不仅在当时引起了轰动，而且对后来的文学创作产生了深远的影响。
影响
菲茨杰拉德的作品对后来的文学创作产生了重要的影响，尤其是在描绘人物性格和揭示社会问题方面。他 的作品启发了许多作家和艺术家，成为他们创作的灵感源泉。同时，他的作品也深刻地反映了人类精神世 界的复杂性和多样性，对读者产生了深远的影响。
小说通过讲述主人公盖茨比的人生经历以及他与 旧情人黛茜的关系，揭示了美国上层社会的虚伪 和冷酷。
《夜色温柔》
小说以主人公迪克的视角，展现了20世纪20年 代美国社会的风貌和人们的精神状态。
3
《人间天堂》 小说讲述了主人公艾默生的成长历程和他在追求 自我认同的过程中所经历的挫折和迷茫。
2024/1/29
与斯坦贝克比较
两者都关注社会底层人民的苦难和斗争，但菲茨杰拉德更注重对人性的揭示和批判，而斯坦 贝克则更强调社会的不公和改革。
26
THANKS
感谢观看
2024/1/29
27
2024/1/29
6
02
《了不起的盖茨比》解读
2024/1/29
2024/1/29
1
目录
• 菲茨杰拉德简介与背景 • 《了不起的盖茨比》解读 • 《夜色温柔》赏析 • 菲茨杰拉德短篇小说选讲 • 菲茨杰拉德创作风格与技巧 • 菲茨杰拉德与其他作家比较研究
2024/1/29
2
01
菲茨杰拉德简介与背景
2024/1/29
2024/1/29
5
文学地位及影响
文学地位
菲茨杰拉德被誉为20世纪美国文学的重要代表之一，他的作品以独特的风格和深刻的社会洞察力赢得了 广泛的赞誉。他的小说作品不仅在当时引起了轰动，而且对后来的文学创作产生了深远的影响。
影响
菲茨杰拉德的作品对后来的文学创作产生了重要的影响，尤其是在描绘人物性格和揭示社会问题方面。他 的作品启发了许多作家和艺术家，成为他们创作的灵感源泉。同时，他的作品也深刻地反映了人类精神世 界的复杂性和多样性，对读者产生了深远的影响。
小说通过讲述主人公盖茨比的人生经历以及他与 旧情人黛茜的关系，揭示了美国上层社会的虚伪 和冷酷。
《夜色温柔》
小说以主人公迪克的视角，展现了20世纪20年 代美国社会的风貌和人们的精神状态。
3
《人间天堂》 小说讲述了主人公艾默生的成长历程和他在追求 自我认同的过程中所经历的挫折和迷茫。
2024/1/29
与斯坦贝克比较
两者都关注社会底层人民的苦难和斗争，但菲茨杰拉德更注重对人性的揭示和批判，而斯坦 贝克则更强调社会的不公和改革。
26
THANKS
感谢观看
2024/1/29
27
2024/1/29
6
02
《了不起的盖茨比》解读
2024/1/29
《美国文学》课件5.ppt
2
2.Overview of the Age:
1. Belletristic literature-literature as an art-finally emerged in the 19th century. The fifty-year period from 1815 till 1865 saw miraculous achievements in American literature.
LECTURE FIVE American Romanticism
and Washington Irving
1
• 1. American Romanticism
As a movement, romanticism came to America in the 19th century. The Romantic period in American literary history is one of the most important periods in the history of American literature, which stretched from the end of the 18th century through the outbreak of the Civil War.
• Irving, Cooper and Bryant are regarded as pioneers of American Romanticism.
• In exploring r来自manticism, we need to remember that its manifestations varied as widely as the individualistic talents and perspectives of romantic writers.
2.Overview of the Age:
1. Belletristic literature-literature as an art-finally emerged in the 19th century. The fifty-year period from 1815 till 1865 saw miraculous achievements in American literature.
LECTURE FIVE American Romanticism
and Washington Irving
1
• 1. American Romanticism
As a movement, romanticism came to America in the 19th century. The Romantic period in American literary history is one of the most important periods in the history of American literature, which stretched from the end of the 18th century through the outbreak of the Civil War.
• Irving, Cooper and Bryant are regarded as pioneers of American Romanticism.
• In exploring r来自manticism, we need to remember that its manifestations varied as widely as the individualistic talents and perspectives of romantic writers.
美国文学-惠特曼PPT课件
in American literature
.
4
Whitman • Position
A part of the transition between transcendentalism and realism
He believed the American poets would create both new forms and new subject matter for poetry.
我赞美我自己，歌唱我自己， 我所讲的一切，将对你们也一样适合， 因为属于我的每一个原子，也同样属于你。 我闲游，邀请我的灵魂一起， 我俯首下视，悠闲地观察一片夏天的草叶。
—— Song of myself
.
16
My tongue, every atom of my blood,
Form’d from this soil, this air,
10
03
Major Works
.
11
Whitman • Works
Leaves of Grass《草叶集》
nine editions，from 95 pages,12 poems to 400 pages,401 poems
the first American genuine epic poems
Worked as an office boy, a printer's apprentice, schoolmaster, printer, editor (of eight successive newspapers ), and journalist.
.
7
Whitman • Life Experience
ppt课件1103majorworksppt课件12whitman??works?nineeditionsfrom95pages12poemsto400pages401poems?thefirstamericangenuineepicpoems?acollectionofpoemswrittenmainlyinfreeverse?isnobleforitsfrankdelightinandpraiseofthesenses?mostofthepoemsareaboutmanandnaturepraisethenatureandtheindividaulhumansrolethereinleavesofgrass草叶集ppt课件13whitman??works?grassmeans?theimageofthecommonpeople?asymbolofrisingamerica?anenbodimentofhisidealsaboutdemocracyandfreedomleavesofgrass草叶集ppt课件14whitman??leavesofgrass?1855thefirstedition12poemsdidnotsellwellbutmadeastirontheamericaliteraryscene?1856thesecndedition33poems?1860thethirdedition122poems?1867thefourthedition?1871thefiftheditionbegantoreceiverecognitioninenglandandamerica?1876twovolumesleavesofgrassandtworivulets?1881theseventheditionfirstpublishedbyareputationpublisherbutwasbanned?1889theeighthedition?18911892thedeathbededition400poemshislifetimeendeavorppt课件15whitman??works?songofmyself自我之歌agoodexampleofhisthought?isingthebodyelectric我歌唱带电的肉体?therewasachildwentforth有个小孩走过来?ocaptainmy
.
4
Whitman • Position
A part of the transition between transcendentalism and realism
He believed the American poets would create both new forms and new subject matter for poetry.
我赞美我自己，歌唱我自己， 我所讲的一切，将对你们也一样适合， 因为属于我的每一个原子，也同样属于你。 我闲游，邀请我的灵魂一起， 我俯首下视，悠闲地观察一片夏天的草叶。
—— Song of myself
.
16
My tongue, every atom of my blood,
Form’d from this soil, this air,
10
03
Major Works
.
11
Whitman • Works
Leaves of Grass《草叶集》
nine editions，from 95 pages,12 poems to 400 pages,401 poems
the first American genuine epic poems
Worked as an office boy, a printer's apprentice, schoolmaster, printer, editor (of eight successive newspapers ), and journalist.
.
7
Whitman • Life Experience
ppt课件1103majorworksppt课件12whitman??works?nineeditionsfrom95pages12poemsto400pages401poems?thefirstamericangenuineepicpoems?acollectionofpoemswrittenmainlyinfreeverse?isnobleforitsfrankdelightinandpraiseofthesenses?mostofthepoemsareaboutmanandnaturepraisethenatureandtheindividaulhumansrolethereinleavesofgrass草叶集ppt课件13whitman??works?grassmeans?theimageofthecommonpeople?asymbolofrisingamerica?anenbodimentofhisidealsaboutdemocracyandfreedomleavesofgrass草叶集ppt课件14whitman??leavesofgrass?1855thefirstedition12poemsdidnotsellwellbutmadeastirontheamericaliteraryscene?1856thesecndedition33poems?1860thethirdedition122poems?1867thefourthedition?1871thefiftheditionbegantoreceiverecognitioninenglandandamerica?1876twovolumesleavesofgrassandtworivulets?1881theseventheditionfirstpublishedbyareputationpublisherbutwasbanned?1889theeighthedition?18911892thedeathbededition400poemshislifetimeendeavorppt课件15whitman??works?songofmyself自我之歌agoodexampleofhisthought?isingthebodyelectric我歌唱带电的肉体?therewasachildwentforth有个小孩走过来?ocaptainmy
美国文学PPT-transdentalism
2021/4/9
19
Aesthetics and significance
Aesthetics a. In Emerson's opinion, poets should function as preachers who gave directions to the mass.
b. True poetry should serve as a moral purification
American Romanticism
2021/4/9
1
Review
2021/4/9
2
• 1. In the early nineteenth century,
Washington Irving wrote
,which
became the first work by an American
writer to win financial success on both
2021/4/9
13
Brotherhood of man (equal and liberty) -------interested in social reforms;
endeavor to create an ideal society; against “everything for money” in the capitalist world
Para 3: The definition of Nature. Para 4/5: Men always feel delightful
and young in Nature. Para 6: The power of delight resides in
men or in a harmony of both.Biblioteka 2021/4/921
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Exercise
Colonial period and Revolutionary period Early Romanticism Transcendentalism Late Romanticism
The age of Realism
Irving Franklin Cooper Emerson Hawthorne Twain James Dreiser Melville Thoreau
h
2
Doctrines of Puritans
taking religion as the most important
thing;
living for glorifying God;
believing predestination（命运天定）,
original sin(原罪，人生下来就是有罪的，
h
1
I. Historical Background
1.Early history:
1) In 1492, Christopher Columbus found the new continent called America.
2) In 1607, Captain John Smith led some Englishmen across the ocean.
因为人类的祖先亚当和夏娃是有罪的),
total depravity(人类是完全堕落的，所以
人要处处小心自己的行为，要尽可能做到
最好以取悦上帝), limited atonement (有
限救赎，只有被上帝选中的人才能得到上
帝的拯救)
h
3
American Puritanism
Features of American Puritan
wealth
adventure
religion: puritans
3. Belief---Puritanism
Puritans wanted to “purify the church” to its original state, because they thought the church was corrupted and had too many rituals
Garden of Eden on earth
•went into the making of American
faced the worst of life with optimism literature
All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden.
h
6
American Puritanism
Enduring shaping influence in literature
①Basis of American literature
dreamed of living under a perfect
order
worked with
courage
hoped to build a
3) It is more a code of values, a philosophy of life and a point of view than a kind of religion, stressing hard work, thrift, piety, and sobriety. It is opposed to social pleasures and indulgences.
3) In 1620, 102 passengers sailed on the ship Mayflower across the sea and settled on “New England” of the new continent.
2. Reasons for coming to the new world
②Contributing to the development of Symbolism（象征主义）: a technique, widely used
Symbolism means using symbols in literary works. The symbol means something that represents or stands for abstract deep meaning.
idealist dream
（they would build the new land to an Eden on earth.) more practical, tougher (the severe conditions)
struggle for survival preoccupied with business and profinism
1) It is one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American Literature.
2) First, it is a branch of Protestantism holding the teachings of Calvinism, believing that human beings are basically evil, and could do nothing about it, and many, although not all, will surely be condemned to hell. People should try to try to please God by working hard, being thrifty, pious, and sober.
h
5
American Puritanism
③Influencing the style of literature: simple, fresh and direct (just as the style of Holy Bible)
Without understanding of Puritanism, there can be no good understanding of American culture and literature.
Colonial period and Revolutionary period Early Romanticism Transcendentalism Late Romanticism
The age of Realism
Irving Franklin Cooper Emerson Hawthorne Twain James Dreiser Melville Thoreau
h
2
Doctrines of Puritans
taking religion as the most important
thing;
living for glorifying God;
believing predestination（命运天定）,
original sin(原罪，人生下来就是有罪的，
h
1
I. Historical Background
1.Early history:
1) In 1492, Christopher Columbus found the new continent called America.
2) In 1607, Captain John Smith led some Englishmen across the ocean.
因为人类的祖先亚当和夏娃是有罪的),
total depravity(人类是完全堕落的，所以
人要处处小心自己的行为，要尽可能做到
最好以取悦上帝), limited atonement (有
限救赎，只有被上帝选中的人才能得到上
帝的拯救)
h
3
American Puritanism
Features of American Puritan
wealth
adventure
religion: puritans
3. Belief---Puritanism
Puritans wanted to “purify the church” to its original state, because they thought the church was corrupted and had too many rituals
Garden of Eden on earth
•went into the making of American
faced the worst of life with optimism literature
All literature is based on a myth – garden of Eden.
h
6
American Puritanism
Enduring shaping influence in literature
①Basis of American literature
dreamed of living under a perfect
order
worked with
courage
hoped to build a
3) It is more a code of values, a philosophy of life and a point of view than a kind of religion, stressing hard work, thrift, piety, and sobriety. It is opposed to social pleasures and indulgences.
3) In 1620, 102 passengers sailed on the ship Mayflower across the sea and settled on “New England” of the new continent.
2. Reasons for coming to the new world
②Contributing to the development of Symbolism（象征主义）: a technique, widely used
Symbolism means using symbols in literary works. The symbol means something that represents or stands for abstract deep meaning.
idealist dream
（they would build the new land to an Eden on earth.) more practical, tougher (the severe conditions)
struggle for survival preoccupied with business and profinism
1) It is one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American Literature.
2) First, it is a branch of Protestantism holding the teachings of Calvinism, believing that human beings are basically evil, and could do nothing about it, and many, although not all, will surely be condemned to hell. People should try to try to please God by working hard, being thrifty, pious, and sober.
h
5
American Puritanism
③Influencing the style of literature: simple, fresh and direct (just as the style of Holy Bible)
Without understanding of Puritanism, there can be no good understanding of American culture and literature.