土壤与水土流失 Soil and Erosion
Soil Erosion and Soil Conservation
Engineering measures 工程措施
修建草方格
护坡工程
Forest and grass measures 林草措施
种植防风林
退耕还林还草
Agricultural measure 农业措施
等高耕作
套种
flow erosion.
石洪堆积
泥流流动
6. Wind erosion(风力侵蚀)
It mainly includes air drought and wind, wind blown
sand flow, sand dust storm and so on.
风力 侵蚀
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
风沙流
沙尘暴
沙尘暴
1. Reduce the agricultural productivity and (natural landscape) ecological collapse, both because of the loss of nutrient rich upper soil layers. In some cases, the final result is desertification. 2. Erosion removes the topsoil first. Once this nutrientrich layer is gone, few plants will grow in the soil
deposed under the external influence of the hydro,
wind, freezing and gravity .
Hydraulic erosion type（水力侵蚀）
Due to atmospheric precipitation, especially the process and a series of soil erosion caused by rainfall erosion form called Hydraulic erosion。 （1）splash erosion（溅蚀）
保护环境英语作文带翻译
保护环境英语作文带翻译保护环境英语作文范文带翻译（精选28篇）保护环境是一直以来的热点，也是英语作文常考内容，接下来就由店铺带来保护环境英语作文带翻译，希望对你有所帮助！保护环境英语作文带翻译篇1Do something to protect the environment保护环境，从我做起We want to hold a green Olympic Games ,so everyone should do something useful to protect the environment ,whether it is big or small.我们要举办一个绿色奥运，每个人都应该做些无论是大或小的有用的事来保护环境。
We should do something to stop people from doing bad things to the environment .We should put rubbish into dustbins instead of throwing it about. Everyone must care for flowers ,grass and tress in public .We shound collect things like paper ,plastic bags our neighborhood as well ,it’s necessary to plant more trees every year .我们应该做些什么来阻止人们对环境做一些不好的事情。
我们应该把垃圾放进垃圾箱而不是直接扔了，每个人都必须爱护公共场所的花，草，树木。
我们应该收集社区的一些像纸，塑料袋的东西，每年种植更多的树是必要的。
It is everyone’s duty to make our neighborhood much better with our hands minds .Let’s make a contribution to protecting the environment and the Plympic Games successfully.用我们的双手和头脑使我们的社区变得更好是我们每一个人的职责。
环境与保护英语词汇
环境保护减排：carbon emission reduction碳税：carbon tax碳浓度：carbon intensity碳足迹：carbon footprint环境恶化environmental deterioration空气污染air pollution水污染water pollution噪音污染noise pollution白色污染white pollution废气排放discharge/ emission of waste gas 过度捕捞over-fishing砍伐森林deforestation; destruction of forests 破坏动物生存环境destruction of natural habitats濒危野生动物endangered wildlife水土流失water and soil erosion土壤沙漠化desertification农药残留pesticide residue工业固体废料industrial solid wastes工业粉尘排放industrial dust discharge过度消耗能源over-consumption of energy 化石能源fossil fuels不可更新能源non-renewable resources机动车尾气motor vehicle exhaust酸雨acid rain赤潮red tide (rapid propagation of sea algae) 全球变暖global warming温室效应greenhouse effect 一氧化碳carbon monoxide二氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化硫sulfur dioxide氧气oxygen氢气hydrogen重金属heavy metal有毒物质toxic\ poisonous substances沼气marsh gas臭氧层ozone layer控制环境污染curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control可生物降解的bio-degradable放弃使用垃圾掩埋法refuse landfill尾气净化装置exhaust purifier无铅汽油lead-free gasoline电动汽车battery cars；cell-driven vehicles 降低温室气体排放reduction of greenhouse gas emissions提高民众的环保意识raise environmental awareness amongst the general public在规定的时间内进行整改undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time生态农业environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture开发可更新能源develop renewable resources 环保产品environment-friendly products可持续发展sustainable development“谁污染谁治理”的政策“the-polluters-pay” policy保护区conservation zone植树造林工程a forestation project环保示范区eco-demonstration zone禁止在长江上游地区伐木To ban logging in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River相关句子1. 今天我主要想讲三个方面：中国如何看待气候变化问题，中国有关努力和取得的成绩，以及中国对待COP15倡议及期待。
经典翻译范文之自然生态环保篇中英
中高级口译词汇-自然生态环保篇1. 白色污染white pollution （non-degradable white plastics）2. 保护生存环境protect natural habitats3. 城市垃圾urban refuse4. 地面沉降land subsidence; ground depression5. 二次污染物secondary pollutant6. 二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide7. 二氧化硫sulfur dioxide8. 二氧化碳carbon dioxide9. 防风治沙check wind and control sand10. 防护林shelterbelt11. 防治沙漠化combat desertification12. 封山育林set apart hills for forestry13. 工业固体废物industrial solid wastes14. 国际生物多样性日International Biodiversity Day （Dec.29）15. 国家环保基本方针China’s guiding principle for environmental protectio n16. 国家环保总局SEPA （State Environmental Protection Administratio n）17. 海洋生物marine life18. 化害为利；变废为宝 turn the harmful into the beneficialand waste into valuable19. 环保产品environment-friendly products20. 环保意识environmental awareness21. 环境恶化environmental degradation22. 环境污染综合防治integrated control of environmental pollution23. 环境效益environmental benefit24. 环境指标environmental criteria25. 减少拥挤decongestion26. 交通噪音traffic noise27. 可再生资源renewable resources28. 立体气候3-D climate29. 环发大会UN Conference on Environment and Development （UNCED）30. 绿化运动afforestation drive绿色奥运green Olympic Games1. 绿色能源green energy resource （e.g. the solar power 如：太阳能）2. 绿色企业green enterprise3. 绿色食品green food4. 牧场pasture5. 牧放（吃草）graze6. 青藏高原Qinghai-Tibet plateau7. 清洁能源clean energy8. 全球变暖global warming9. 热带风暴tropical storm10. 热带雨林tropical rain forest11. 热岛效应heat island effect12. 热污染thermal pollution13. 人工降雨artificial rain14. 三峡工程Three Gorges Project15. 三峡工程three gorges project16. 三峡水库Three Gorges reservoir17. 森林覆盖率forest coverage18. 沙尘暴dust storm; sand storm19. 沙漠化desertification20. 生活污水domestic sewage21. 生态技术eco-technology22. 生态农业eco-agriculture23. 生态示范区ecodemonstration region / environment-friendly region24. 受灾地区disaster -affected area25. 水产资源aquatic resources26. 水土流失water loss and soil erosion27. 死亡率mortality28. 死亡人数death toll29. 酸雨acid rain30. 太空垃圾space trash31. 天然牧场natural grazing ground32. 土地沙化desertification33. 土地酸化acidification34. 土壤碱化soil alkalinization35. 土壤侵蚀soil erosion36. 退耕还林还草 grain for green / return cultivated land to forestry or pasture37. 退田还林restore the reclaimed land to forest38. 危险废物hazardous wastes39. 温室气体greenhouse gases40. 污染指数pollution index41. 污水处理sewage treatment/ disposal42. 无公害蔬菜"green" vegetable43. 无铅汽油unlead gas44. 先天与后天；遗传与环境nature-nurture45. 养蚕sericulture46. 养蜂beekeeping47. 养鱼fish culture; pisciculture48. 野生动植物wild fauna and flora49. 一次能源primary energy50. 一次污染物primary pollutant51. 预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention withcontrol52. 珍稀濒危物种rare or endangered species53. 植树节National Tree-Planting Day54. 资源消耗resource degradation55. 自然保护区natural reserve; natural preservation zone56. 自然资源保护区natural resource protection areas57. 综合整治comprehensive improvement58. 气象学meteorology1）摄氏centigrade; Celsius2）华氏Fahrenheit3）雷thunder4）雹hailstorm5）霜frost6）雾fog7）对流convection8）天气weather9）气候climate10）气候学climatology11）季风monsoon12）地中海气候Mediterranean climate13）秋老虎Indian summer90. 中国节气Solar Terms1）立春Beginning of Spring2）雨水Rain Water3）惊蛰Waking of Insects4）春分Spring Equinox5）清明Pure Brightness; Clear Brightness 6）谷雨Grain Rain7）立夏Beginning of Summer8）小满Grain Full9）芒种Grain in Ear10）夏至Summer Solstice11）小暑Slight Heat12）大暑Great Heat13）立秋Beginning of Autumn14）处暑Limit of Heat15）白露White Dew16）秋分Autumnal Equinox17）寒露Cold Dew18）霜降Forest’s Descent19）立冬Beginning of winter 20）小雪Slight Snow21）大雪Great Snow22）冬至Winter Solstice23）小寒Slight Cold24）大寒Great Cold。
农业生态学第一章
微生物 Microbes
环境
Environment
第一节 生态学的产生与发展
三、生态学发展的历史阶段
1. 个体生态学与群落生态学阶段
• 1749年布丰《生命律》；1803年马尔萨斯《人口论》 • 1859年达尔文发表《Origin of Species》，创立了生物进化论 • 1869年德国的海克尔（E. Haekel）正式将生态学定义为研究有机 体与其环境条件相互关系的科学。
第一节 生态学的产生与发展
三、生态学发展的历史阶段
2. 生态系统生态学阶段 1935年英国生态学家坦斯列第一次提出生态系统。 1941年美国年轻生态学家林德曼提出食物链中能量利用的 “十分之一定律”。 1952年E. P. Odum发表了，第一次以生态系统为中心建立了 完整的生态学。
第一节 生态学的产生与发展
第四节 农业生态学的研究对象和内容
二、农业生态学的内容
1、 农业生态系统的结构（Structure)
2、 农业生态系统的功能 (Function)
3、 农业生态系统的地域分布特点和规律 4、 农业生态系统的发展演变规律 5、 农业生态系统的调节控制规律和方法 6、农业生态系统的设计和生态农业建设
第三节 农业生态系统的概念
一、 生态系统(Ecosystem) 1． 生态系统的定义
l 生态系统是在一定的空间内的全部生物和非生物环境相互作 用形成的统一体。 2． 生态系统的基本组分 生态系统的两大组分：环境组分和生物组分 l 环境组分包括四方面：辐射、气体(air)、水、土体。 l 生物组分包括生产者、大型消费者和小型消费者。
三、生态学发展的历史阶段
3. 生态学应用与调控静的春天》；
1971年的MAB计划
环境保护的英语名人名言
环境保护的英语名人名言自然不可改良、生活可以选择选择绿色生活、健康适度消费。
下面为你分享的是环境保护的英语名人名言的内容，希望你会喜欢!环境保护的英语名人名言最新历览前贤国与家，成由勤俭败由奢。
LiLan the predecessors of the family and, in the industry and thrift by luxury.垃圾混置是垃圾，垃圾分类是资源。
The trash is garbage, garbage sorting is a resource.科技发展无限好，只是地球太难堪。
Science and technology development is infinite good, just the earth too embarrassed.为绿化环境做贡献，让地球妈妈更美丽。
Contribute to green environment, make mother earth more beautiful.地球是我们的母亲，我们要爱护她。
The earth is our mother, we have to take care of her.捡起一张废纸，就是消除一份污染。
Picked up a piece of waste paper, is to eliminate pollution.世间的活动，缺点虽多，但仍是美好的。
Any activity in the world, many shortcomings, but it's still good.让天更蓝，让水更清，让我们从小事做起。
Let the sky bluer, the water cleaner, let's start small.为了我们自己，也为了我们后代，请保护环境。
For ourselves and for our future generations, please protect theenvironment.环保行为，处处体现，文明整洁，大家坚持。
英语重点词汇ground、land、earth和soil用法辨析
英语重点词汇ground、land、earth和soil用法辨析ground、land、earth和soil虽然都可以表示类似于“地面”的意思，但这四个词的用法有很大的区别。
1. ground意为“地、地面”，主要指大地表面（室外），可泛指各种地面（不论是沙地、泥地还是水泥地等）。
也可用指土壤，场地，庭院等（特定用途的）场地。
ground不用以指松土、散土：ground 还可以作为不可数名词表示空旷的场地，也可以作为可数名词表示一些特殊用途的场地或者活动场地。
I sat on the ground to eat our picnic.我坐在地上吃野餐。
The ground is covered with snow. 地面被雪覆盖了。
Coordinating airline traffic on the ground is as complicated as managing the traffic in the air.协调地面的航空交通与管理空中交通一样复杂。
I found her lying on the ground.我发现她躺在地上。
He lost his balance and fell to the ground.他失去平衡摔倒在地上。
I found her lying on the ground.我发现她躺在地上。
The ground was frozen hard and was impossible to dig. 土地冻实了，根本挖不动。
The best fishing grounds are around the islands.最好的渔场是在岛屿周围。
Indian hunting grounds印第安人的狩猎场a football/recreation/sports, etc. ground足球场、娱乐场地、运动场等ancient burial grounds古代墓地The kids were playing on waste ground behind the school.孩子们在学校后面的荒地上玩耍。
与环境保护有关的词汇
与环境保护有关的词汇environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护，保存污染的环保英语词汇：Pollute= contaminate, 污染(动词)pollutant 污染物Pollution=contamination 污染(名词)垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill垃圾场) dump倾倒，recycle 回收plastic bags塑料袋, drinking cans饮料罐biodegradable packaging 可降解包装throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励燃料的环保英语词汇：non-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels矿石燃料: natural gas, coal, petroleum limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源replace=substitute v.取代(wind power, hydropower水电solar (lunar) power太阳能nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽conserve v. 节省，节约consume less v. 少消耗危害动物的环保英语词汇：poaching非法打猎，盗猎damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地rare breed稀有物种endangered species濒危物种extinct adj.灭绝 (die out, disappear动词) animal rights activist动物权益保护者natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区protect wild life保护野生动物disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏have disastrous effect on…对……有灾难性的影响危害植物的环保英语词汇：vegetation植被deforestation森林消失landslide山体滑坡危害环境的环保英语词汇：carbon dioxide二氧化碳acid rain酸雨(erode腐蚀)greenhouse effect温室效应 (worsening, deteriorate, deterioration 恶化)global warming全球变暖ecological system=ecosystem生态系统green belt绿化带, sand storm沙尘暴, (filter v. 过滤)arouse people's awareness/consciousness of environmental protection 提高公众的环保意识全球环保类热门话题英语词汇：21世纪议程：Agenda 21世界环境日（6月5日）：World Environment Day (June 5th each year)世界环境日主题：World Environment Day Themes冰川消融，后果堪忧！（2007年）Melting Ice–a Hot Topic!莫使旱地变荒漠！（2006年）Deserts and Desertification–Don't Desert Drylands!营造绿色城市，呵护地球家园！（2005年）Green Cities –Plan for the Planet! 海洋存亡，匹夫有责！（2004年）Wanted! Seas and Oceans –Dead or Alive! 水——二十亿人生命之所系！（2003年）Water - Two Billion People are Dying for It!让地球充满生机！（2002年）Give Earth a Chance!世间万物，生命之网！（2001年）Connect with the World Wide Web of life! 环境千年-行动起来吧！（2000年）The Environment Millennium - Time to Act! 拯救地球就是拯救未来！（1999年）Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It! 为了地球上的生命-拯救我们的海洋！（1998年) For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas!为了地球上的生命！（1997）For Life on Earth我们的地球、居住地、家园：（1996）Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home国际生物多样性日（12月29日）：International Biodiversity Day (29 December) 世界水日（3月22日）：World Water Day (22 March)世界气象日（3月23日）：World Meteorological Day (23 March)世界海洋日（6月8日）：World Oceans Day (8 June)植树节（3月12日）：Arbor Day (12 March)环保问题拯救措施及污染治理相关英语口译词汇：中国环保基本政策：the basic policies of China's environmental protection 预防为主、防治结合的政策：policy of of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control治理环境污染：curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control防止过度利用森林：protest forests from overexploitation水土保持：conservation of water and soil水资源保护区：water resource conservation zone造林工程：afforestation project珍稀濒危物种繁育基地：rare and endangered species breeding center绿化祖国：turn the country green全民义务植树日：National Tree-Planting Day森林覆盖率：forest coverage降低资源消耗率：slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源：develop renewable resources环保产品：environment-friendly products节能 energy saving多种树:plant more trees节约用水:save on water保护环境：protect the environment减少污染：reduce pollution垃圾：rubbish白色污染：white pollution二氧化碳：carbon dioxide臭氧层：ozonosphere臭氧层空洞：ozone hole21世纪议程 Agenda 21 （the international plan of action adopted by governments in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil（巴西里约）, - provides the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development）世界环境日 World Environment Day (June 5th each year)世界环境日主题 World Environment Day Themes环境千年-行动起来吧！（2000） The Environment Millennium - Time to Act！拯救地球就是拯救未来！（1999） Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It! 为了地球上的生命-拯救我们的海洋!（1998）For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas! 为了地球上的生命（1997） For Life on Earth我们的地球、居住地、家园（1996） Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day (29 December)世界水日 World Water Day (22 March)世界气象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March)世界海洋日 World Oceans Day (8 June )联合国环境与发展大会（环发大会） United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)环发大会首脑会议 Summit Session of UNCED联合国环境规划署 United Nations Environment Programs （UNEP）2000年全球环境展望报告 GEO-2000; Global Environmental Outlook 2000入选“全球500佳奖” be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor 联合国人类居住中心 UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS)改善人类居住环境最佳例奖 Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement人与生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO)中国21世纪议程China’s Agenda 21中国生物多样性保护行动计划 China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan中国跨世纪绿色工程规划 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA) 中国环保基本方针China’s guiding principles for environmental protection坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection推行可持续发展战略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展（三同步）的方针 carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the “three synchronizes” principle)促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变 promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一 bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection中国环保基本政策the basic policies of China’s environmental protection 预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control污染者负担的政策“the-polluters-pay” policy强化环境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management一控双达标政策policy of “One Order, Two Goals”:对新项目实行环境影响评估 conduct environmental impact assessments (EIA) onstart-up projects提高全民环保意识 raise environmental awareness amongst the general public查处违反环保法规案件 investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection环保执法检查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time中国已加入的国际公约 international conventions into which China has accessed控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约 Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal 关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer生物多样性公约 Convention on Biological Diversity防治荒漠化国际公约 Convention to Combat Desertification气候变化框架公约 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 生态示区 eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region国家级生态示区（） Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region国家级园林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City对水质和空气质量的影响 impact on the quality of the water and the air 治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation水土流失 water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization农药残留 pesticide residue水土保持 conservation of water and soil生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone海水淡化 sea water desalinization绿化祖国 turn the country green全民义务植树日 National Tree-Planting Day造林工程 afforestation project绿化面积 afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率 forest coverage防风林 wind breaks （防沙林 sand breaks）速生林 fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources环保产品 environment-friendly products自然保护区 nature reserve野生动植物 wild fauna and flora保护生存环境 conserve natural habitats濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center自然生态系统 natural ecosystems防止沙漠化（治沙、抗沙） desertification环境负荷 carrying capacity of environment三废综合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes先天与后天，遗传与环境 nature-nurture环境恶化 environmental degradation城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization温饱型农业 subsistence agriculture酸雨、越境空气污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution悬浮颗粒物 suspended particles矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气） fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas 清洁能源 clean energy汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust尾气净化器 exhaust purifier无铅汽油 lead-free gasoline天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars温室效应 greenhouse effect联合国环境与发展大会（环发大会） United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)环发大会首脑会议 Summit Session of UNCED联合国环境规划署 United Nations Environment Programs （UNEP）国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day (29 December)世界水日 World Water Day (22 March)世界气象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March)世界海洋日 World Oceans Day (8 June )人与生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO)中国21世纪议程 China's Agenda 21中国生物多样性保护行动计划 China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan 中国跨世纪绿色工程规划 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan生物多样性公约 Convention on Biological Diversity防治荒漠化国际公约 Convention to Combat Desertification气候变化框架公约 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection污染者负担的政策 "the-polluters-pay" policy强化环境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management环保执法检查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time生态示区 eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region国家级生态示区（） Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region国家级园林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes白色污染 white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags放射性废料积存 accumulation of radioactive waste有机污染物 organic pollutants三废综合利用 multipurpose use of three types of wastes（waste water, waste gas, solid waste）城市垃圾无害化处理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation森林砍伐率 deforestation rate水土流失 water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone海水淡化 sea water desalinization造林工程 afforestation project绿化面积 afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率 forest coverage防风林 wind breaks防沙林 sand breaks速生林 fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources环保产品 environment-friendly products自然保护区 nature reserve野生动植物 wild fauna and flora保护生存环境 conserve natural habitats濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife珍稀濒危物种繁育基地 rare and endangered species breeding center美化环境 landscaping design for environmental purposes环境恶化 environmental degradation温饱型农业 subsistence agriculture空气污染浓度 air pollution concentration酸雨、越境空气污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution工业粉尘排放 industrial dust discharge烟尘排放 soot emissions矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气） fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas清洁能源 clean energy汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust尾气净化器 exhaust purifier无铅汽油 lead-free gasoline天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars小排量汽车 small-displacement (engine) vehicles温室效应 greenhouse effect工业废水处理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents城市污水处理率 treatment rate of domestic sewage 集中处理厂 centralized treatment plant。
土壤学中英文对照名词
土壤学中英文对照名词土壤学中英文对照名词土壤soil 陆地表面由矿物质、有机物质、水、空气和生物组成，具有肥力，能生长植物的未固结层。
土壤学soil science 研究土壤的形成、分类、分布、制图和土壤的物理、化学、生物学特性、肥力特征以及土壤利用、改良和管理的科学。
发生土壤学pedology 侧重研究土壤的发生、演化、特性、分类、分布和利用潜力的土壤学。
耕作土壤学edaphology 侧重研究土壤的组成、性质及其与植物生长的关系，通过耕作管理提高土壤肥力和生产能力的土壤学。
土壤地理[学] soil geography 研究土壤的空间分布和组合及其地理环境相互关系的学科。
土壤物理[学] soil physics 研究土壤中物理现象或过程的学科。
土壤化学soil chemistry 研究土壤中各种化学行为和过程的学科。
土壤生物化学soil biochemistry 阐明土壤有机碳和氮素等物质的转化、消长规律及其功能的学科。
土壤矿物学soil mineralogy 研究土壤中原生矿物和次生矿物的类型、性质、成因、转化和分布的学科。
01.011 土壤分析化学soil analytical chemistry 研究用化学方法和原理测定土壤成分和性质的技术学科。
01.012 土壤生物学soil biology 研究土壤中生物的种类、分布、功能及其与土壤和环境间相互关系的学科。
01.013 土壤微生物学soil microbiology 研究土壤中微生物种类、功能和活性以及与土壤和环境间相互关系的学科。
01.014 土壤生态学soil ecology 研究土壤环境与生物间相互关系，以及生态系统内部结构、功能、平衡与演变规律的学科。
01.015 土壤微形态[学] soil micromor-phology 研究土壤显微形态特征的学科。
01.016 土壤资源soil resources 土壤类型的数量与质量。
保护环境的英语短语有哪些
保护环境的英语短语有哪些保护环境的英语短语有哪些保护环境是人类有意识地保护自然资源并使其得到合理的利用，防止自然环境受到污染和破坏;对受到污染和破坏的环境做好综合的`治理，以创造出适合于人类生活、工作的环境，协调人与自然的关系，让人们做到与自然和谐相处而采取的各种行动的总称。
你知道哪些保护环境的英语短语吗?下面，店铺为大家整理保护环境的英语短语有哪些相关内容，供大家参考。
保护环境的英语短语有哪些11、保护和改善生活和生态环境protect and improve the living environment and the ecological environment2、保护珍贵动植物protect rare animals and plants3、普及环保知识popularize environmental protection knowledge4、增强环境意识enhance the awareness of the importance of environmental protection5、改善生态环境improve the eco-environment6、加强生态建设improve the eco-construction7、防治污染prevent and control pollution8、加强水土保持reinforce the conservation of water and soil9、加强城市绿化strengthen the greening of the city10、提高环境管理水平raise the environmental management level11、享受国家一级保护enjoy first-class protection of the State12、加强环境保护strengthen environmental protection13、保持生态平衡keep ecological balance14、创造良好生态环境create apleasant ecological environment15、采用环保技术adopt environmental protection technique16、开展保护野生动物advocate to educate the public the protection of wild animals宣传教育17、开展绿色活动 advocate green activities18、为大量野生动植物提供栖息地provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants19、为人类提供水和食物supply water and food for human beings20、非常注重保护森林pay great attention to the conservation of forest21、产生巨大水文效应produce great hydrological effects22、引发一系列问题result in a series of problems23、帮助减缓全球变暖速度helps lowdown the pace of global warming24、保留为自然耕地reserve as natural farmland25、提高居民环保和生态意识improve residents environmental and ecological awareness26、进一步加快环保规划further speed up environmental protection plans27、完善城市基础设施建设perfect the construction of urban infrastructure28、促进城市可持续发展promote the sustainable development of the city29、符合举办奥运会要求meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games30、扩建管道网络expand the pipe network31、淘汰或改造燃煤锅炉eliminate or convertcoal-burningboilers32、禁止露天焚烧prohibit burning out in the open33、发展太阳能develop solar energy34、提高清洁能源比重increase the supply of clean energyresources35、减少机动车辆reduce the number of vehicles36、使用清洁能源burn clean fuel37、实行严格机动车排放标准implement strict vehicle emission standards38、关闭化工厂close chemical plants39、减少浪费reduce waste40、加大污染治理力度strengthen pollution control41、治理沙地和水土流失问题tackle the problems of sandand soil erosion42、加强珍稀野生动植物保护工作protect rare wild animals and plants43、崇尚绿色生活方式pursue a greenlife44、使用再生纸use recycle paper45、参加环保运动take partin保护环境的英语短语有哪些2工业固体废物 industrial solid wastes白色污染white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋 throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags 放射性废料积存 accumulation of radioactive waste有机污染物 organic pollutants城市垃圾无害化处理率 decontamination rate of urban refuse 垃圾填埋场 refuse landfill垃圾焚化厂 refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林 protect forests from overexploitation森林砍伐率 rate of deforestation水土流失 water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化 soil alkalization农药残留 pesticide residue水土保持 conservation of water and soil水资源保护区 water resource conservation zone海水淡化 sea water desalinization造林工程 afforestation project绿化面积 afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率 forest coverage防风林 wind breaks (防沙林 sand breaks)速生林 fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation 开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources环保产品 environment-friendly products自然保护区 nature reserve野生动植物 wild fauna and flora保护生存环境 conserve natural habitats濒危野生动物 endangered wildlife自然生态系统 natural ecosystems防止沙漠化(治沙、抗沙) desertification环境负荷 carrying capacity of environment美化环境 landscaping design for environmental purposes环境恶化 environmental degradation城市化失控 uncontrolled urbanization温饱型农业 subsistence agriculture大气监测系统 atmospheric monitoring system酸雨、越境空气污染 acid rain and transboundary air pollution 悬浮颗粒物 suspended particles工业粉尘排放 industrial dust discharged烟尘排放 soot emissions矿物燃料(煤、石油、天然气) fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas清洁能源 clean energy汽车尾气排放 motor vehicle exhaust尾气净化器 exhaust purifier无铅汽油 lead-free gasoline天然气汽车 gas-fueled vehicles电动汽车 cell-driven vehicles; battery cars温室效应 greenhouse effect工业废水处理率 treatment rate of industrial effluents 城市污水处理率 treatment rate of domestic sewage 【保护环境的英语短语有哪些】。
论水土流失与土壤侵蚀及其有关概念的界定
11 分离 。即指使地表土壤受到破坏 、分化并离 开原土体 ,从而发生物理位移 。雨水冲击 、流水 、冻 融 、风的磨蚀作用都是分离的主要作用力 。分离过 程实际上也就是张汉银[26] (1992) 所说的外营力做 侵蚀功的过程 。当外营力 (其大小用 F 表示) 作用于 地表土壤时 ,首先要克服一系列反作用力 (包括土壤 颗粒间的胶结力 、植物根系固结力 、静摩擦力等 ,分 别用 f 1 、f 2 、f 3 … 表示) 做侵蚀功 : 当 F > f 1 + f2 + f3 + …时 ,意味着外营力已完成了侵蚀功 ,土壤颗粒 已发生了位移 (土壤结构受到了破坏) ;当 F ≤f1 + f2 + f3 + …时 ,意味着外营力未完成侵蚀功 ,土壤颗 粒没有发生位移 ,但仍受到了外营力的作用 。这也 就是说 ,所有受到外营力作用的土壤颗粒并不一定 都发生了位移 ,而发生了位移的土壤颗粒必然是外 营力作用的结果 。这是在研究土壤侵蚀机理与规律 时必须要注意的实质性问题 。
41 水土流失 = 水的流失 + 土壤侵蚀 。水土保 持学界老前辈关君蔚教授认为 ,水土流失与土壤侵 蚀是两个有区别的概念 ,前者是在陆地表面由外营 力引起的水土资源和土地生产力的损失和破坏 ,后 者则是指陆地表面在水力 、风力 、冻融和重力等外力 作用下土壤 、土壤母质及其它地面组成物质被破坏 、 剥蚀 、转运和沉积的全部过程 ;水土流失包括水的流 失和土的流失这两个相互渗透和依存的侧面 ,土壤 侵蚀 是“土 的 流 失”的 同 义 语1) 。项 玉 章 、祝 瑞 祥 (1995) 主编的《英汉水土保持辞典》也将水土流失解 释为“在水力 、风力 、冻融 、重力等外力作用下 ,水土 资源和土地生产力的破坏和损失 ,包括土地表层侵 蚀及水的损失”[18] 。何腾兵[19] (1999) 编的为贵州省 乡村图书室配置的“千乡万村书库”之一《水土保持 与土壤耕作技术》与上述解释完全相同 。解明曙 等[20] (1993) 亦认为 ,水土流失的真正含义包括“水 的损失 (water loss) ”和“土壤侵蚀 ( soil erosion) ”两部 分 。夏卫兵[21] (1994) 在讨论水土流失概念的种种 解释后也认为 ,应该“把‘水’理解为水分 ,把‘土’理 解为土体 (土壤层 、母质层及其下涉的基岩) ,水土流 失包括水分在其循环中的损失 、土资源的各种形式 的破坏以及由此造成的土地生产力的降低 ;土壤侵 蚀则仅指水土流失中土资源遭受破坏后输出原来的 地貌单元 ,可与‘土壤流失’作同义语使用”[21] 。
水土保持工程学
2．蓄水池组成
由池底、池坎（埂）、进出口三部分组成。 3．蓄水池形状及容积
设计据来水量Q
根据经验，干旱半Q干旱F区1每h 亩地来水可按
30~100m3估算。 陕北：3.0~50m3 关中：70~100m3 一般按
60m3即可。 较大，还可根据用水量，通过调节计算确定（南
方）。
（二）山塘
山塘是南方丘陵区应用十分普遍的 一种蓄水灌溉工程。容积较大，小者有 500多立方米，大者可超过1万m3。
水窖
2．形式
有井窖和窑窖两种，前者多布设于 地下，后者多布设于崖畔
第一章 坡面治理工程
我国山区面积约占全国国土面积的2/3，其中 不少耕地为坡耕地。黄土高原坡耕地占总耕地面 积的79％，水土流失主要来源于此，因此，坡面
治理具有很重要的意义。 坡面治理措施与地面坡度、土质等自然条件 的不同而不同。工作量最大的是农田基本建设，
即梯田的建设。
第一节 坡面工程的类型及适用条件
T=
g1
V V1 g2
g3
V－坡地变为水平梯田的土方量,按达到3°算 ;
V1－第一次培埂坊量 ; g1－平均年冲刷量 ; g2－平均每年耕作下翻土方量 ;
g3－平均每年加高地埂的土方量
g1=
1 3
1 2
Bh2 L'
1 6
Bh2 L'
g2根据试验资料定；
11 1 g3= G G
8.5
12.8 1：1.5 0.3
20
森林培育名词解释中英文
森林分为以下五类：The forests are divided into the following five categories:（一）防护林：以防护为主要的目的的森林、林木和灌木丛，包括水源涵养林，水土保持林，防风固少林，农田、牧场防护林，护岸林，护路林；(1) Protection forests: forests, trees and bushes mainly aimed at protection, inclusive of water source storage forests, forests for water and soil conservation, wind protection and sand bind forests, forests for farmland and grassland protection, river bank protective belts and road protection belts;（二）用材林：以生产木材为主要目的的森林和林木，包括以生产竹材为主要目的的竹林；(2) Timber stands: forests and trees mainly at timber production, inclusive of bamboo groves mainly aimed at bamboo production;（三）经济林：以生产果品，食用油料、饮料、调料，工业原料和药材等为主要目的的林木；(3) Economic forests: trees mainly aimed at the production of fruits; edible oils, soft drinks and ingredients; industrial raw materials; and medicinal materials;（四）薪炭林：以生产燃料为主要目的的林木；4) Firewood forests: trees mainly aimed at the production of fuels;（五）特种用途林：以国防、环境保护、科学实验等为主要目的的森林和林木，包括国防林、实验林、母树林、环境保护林、风景林，名胜古迹和革命纪念地的林木，自然保护区的森林。
与环保有关的英文单词
与环保有关的英文单词(2009-02-19 00:16:01)转载分类：污水处理百科标签：杂谈wastebin 垃圾桶plastic 塑料制品environment pollution 环境污染environmental conservation 环境保护environmental legislation 环境立法environmental reform 环境改造净化purification 干净neat 循环recycle节能energy saving 绿色环境green house无污染not polluted新科技advanced technology环保英语用语世界环境日World Environment Day (June 5th)环境千年—行动起来吧！（2000）The Environment Millennium - Time to Act！拯救地球就是拯救未来！（1999）Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It!为了地球上的生命—拯救我们的海洋!（1998）For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas! 为了地球上的生命（1997）For Life on Earth我们的地球、居住地、家园（1996）Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home国际生物多样性日International Biodiversity Day (29 December)世界水日World Water Day (22 March)世界气象日World Meteorological Day(23 March)世界海洋日World Oceans Day (8 June )国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)生态示范区eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region国家级生态示范区（珠海）Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region 国家级园林城市Nationally Designated Garden City对水质和空气质量的影响impact on the quality of the water and the air治理环境污染curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control海藻mostly in polluted waters)工业固体废物industrial solid wastes白色污染white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics) 可降解一次性塑料袋throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags放射性废料积存accumulation of radioactive waste有机污染物organic pollutants氰化物、砷、汞排放cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged铅、镉、六价铬lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium城市垃圾无害化处理率decontamination rate of urban refuse垃圾填埋场refuse landfill垃圾焚化厂refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林protect forests from overexploitation森林砍伐率rate of deforestation水土流失water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化soil alkalization农药残留pesticide residue水土保持conservation of water and soil生态农业environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture水资源保护区water resource conservation zone海水淡化sea water desalinization保护珊瑚礁、红树林和渔业资源protect coral reefs, mangrove and fishing resource 绿化祖国turn the country green全民义务植树日National Tree-Planting Day造林工程afforestation project绿化面积afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率forest coverage防风林wind breaks （防沙林sand breaks）速生林fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源develop renewable resources环保产品environment-friendly products自然保护区nature reserve野生动植物wild fauna and flora保护生存环境conserve natural habitats濒危野生动物endangered wildlife珍稀濒危物种繁育基地rare and endangered species breeding center自然生态系统natural ecosystems防止沙漠化（治沙、抗沙）desertification环境负荷carrying capacity of environment三废综合利用multipurpose use of three types of wastes先天与后天，遗传与环境nature-nurture美化环境landscaping design for environmental purposes防止沿海地带不可逆转恶化protect coastal zones from irreversible degradation环境恶化environmental degradation城市化失控uncontrolled urbanization温饱型农业subsistence agriculture贫困的恶性循环vicious cycle of poverty大气监测系统atmospheric monitoring system空气污染浓度air pollution concentration酸雨、越境空气污染acid rain and transboundary air pollution二氧化硫排放sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions悬浮颗粒物suspended particles工业粉尘排放industrial dust discharged烟尘排放soot emissions二氧化氮nitrate dioxide (NO2)矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气）fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas清洁能源clean energy汽车尾气排放motor vehicle exhaust尾气净化器exhaust purifier无铅汽油lead-free gasoline天然气汽车gas-fueled vehicles电动汽车cell-driven vehicles; battery cars氯氟烃CFCs温室效应greenhouse effect厄尔尼诺南徊ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)噪音noise （分贝db; decibel）化学需氧量（衡量水污染程度的一个指标）COD；chemical oxygen demand 生物需氧量BOD; biological oxygen demand工业废水处理率treatment rate of industrial effluents城市污水处理率treatment rate of domestic sewage集中处理厂centralized treatment plant红潮red tide (rapid propagation of sea algae)全球环保类热门话题英语词汇：21世纪议程：Agenda 21世界环境日（6月5日）：World Environment Day (June 5th each year)世界环境日主题：World Environment Day Themes冰川消融，后果堪忧！（2007年）Melting Ice–a Hot Topic!莫使旱地变荒漠！（2006年）Deserts and Desertification–Don't Desert Drylands!营造绿色城市，呵护地球家园！（2005年）Green Cities – Plan for the Planet!海洋存亡，匹夫有责！（2004年）Wanted! Seas and Oceans – Dead or Alive! 水——二十亿人生命之所系！（2003年）Water - Two Billion People are Dying for It! 让地球充满生机！（2002年）Give Earth a Chance!世间万物，生命之网！（2001年）Connect with the World Wide Web of life!环境千年-行动起来吧！（2000年）The Environment Millennium - Time to Act!拯救地球就是拯救未来！（1999年）Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It!为了地球上的生命-拯救我们的海洋！（1998年) For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas! 为了地球上的生命！（1997）For Life on Earth我们的地球、居住地、家园：（1996）Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home国际生物多样性日（12月29日）：International Biodiversity Day (29 December)世界水日（3月22日）：World Water Day (22 March)世界气象日（3月23日）：World Meteorological Day (23 March)世界海洋日（6月8日）：World Oceans Day (8 June)植树节（3月12日）：Arbor Day (12 March)面临的环境保护问题及污染问题英文词汇：废水：waste/polluted water废气：waste/polluted gas废渣：residue工业固体废物：industrial solid wastes白色污染：white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)有机污染物：organic pollutants森林砍伐率：rate of deforestation水土流失：water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化：soil alkalization濒危野生动物：endangered wildlife环境恶化：environmental degradation城市化失控：uncontrolled urbanization温室效应：greenhouse effect全球变暖：global warming环保问题拯救措施及污染治理相关英语口译词汇：中国环保基本政策：the basic policies of China's environmental protection预防为主、防治结合的政策：policy of of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control治理环境污染：curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control可降解一次性塑料袋：throwaway bio-degradable plastics bags垃圾填埋场：refuse landfill垃圾焚化场：refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林：protest forests from overexploitation水土保持：conservation of water and soil水资源保护区：water resource conservation zone造林工程：afforestation project珍稀濒危物种繁育基地：rare and endangered species breeding center绿化祖国：turn the country green全民义务植树日：National Tree-Planting Day森林覆盖率：forest coverage防风林：wind breaks防沙林：sand breaks速生林：fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率：slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源：develop renewable resources环保产品：environment-friendly products节能energy saving多种树:plant more trees节约用水:save on water保护环境：protect the environment减少污染：reduce pollution垃圾：rubbish白色污染：white pollution二氧化碳：carbon dioxide臭氧层：ozonosphere臭氧层空洞：ozone hole南极臭氧层空洞：Antarctic ozone hole北方臭氧层空洞：northern hole北极臭氧层空洞：Arctic ozone hole修复臭氧层空洞：repair the ozone hole21世纪议程Agenda 21 （the international plan of action adopted by governments in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil（巴西里约）, - provides the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development）世界环境日World Environment Day (June 5th each year)世界环境日主题World Environment Day Themes环境千年-行动起来吧！（2000）The Environment Millennium - Time to Act！拯救地球就是拯救未来！（1999）Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It!为了地球上的生命-拯救我们的海洋!（1998）For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas!为了地球上的生命（1997）For Life on Earth我们的地球、居住地、家园（1996）Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home国际生物多样性日International Biodiversity Day (29 December)世界水日World Water Day (22 March)世界气象日World Meteorological Day(23 March)世界海洋日World Oceans Day (8 June )联合国环境与发展大会（环发大会）United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)环发大会首脑会议Summit Session of UNCED联合国环境规划署United Nations Environment Programs （UNEP）2000年全球环境展望报告GEO-2000; Global Environmental Outlook 2000入选―全球500佳奖‖ be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor联合国人类居住中心UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS)改善人类居住环境最佳范例奖Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement人与生物圈方案Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO)中国21世纪议程China’s Agenda 21中国生物多样性保护行动计划China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan中国跨世纪绿色工程规划China Trans-Century Green Project Plan国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)中国环保基本方针China’s guiding principles for environmental protect ion坚持环境保护基本国策adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection推行可持续发展战略pursue the strategy of sustainable development贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展（三同步）的方针carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the ―three synchronizes‖ principle)促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection中国环保基本政策the basic policies of China’s environmental protection预防为主、防治结合的政策policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control污染者负担的政策―the-polluters-pay‖ p olicy强化环境管理的政策policy of tightening up environmental management一控双达标政策policy of ―One Order, Two Goals‖:―一控‖：12种工业污染物的排放量控制在国家规定的排放总量The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central government.;―双达标‖：1. 到2000年底，全国所有的工业污染源要达到国家或地方规定的污染物排放标准The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards by theendof 2000. 2. 到2000年底，47个重点城市的空气和地面水达到国家规定的环境质量标准2. Air and surface water quality in all urban districts in 47 major cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000.对新项目实行环境影响评估conduct environmental impact assessments (EIA) onstart-up projects提高全民环保意识raise environmental awareness amongst the general public查处违反环保法规案件investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection环保执法检查environmental protection law enforcement inspection限期治理undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time中国已加入的国际公约international conventions into which China has accessed控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer生物多样性公约Convention on Biological Diversity防治荒漠化国际公约Convention to Combat Desertification气候变化框架公约United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change生态示范区eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region国家级生态示范区（珠海）Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region国家级园林城市Nationally Designated Garden City对水质和空气质量的影响impact on the quality of the water and the air治理环境污染curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control海藻mostly in polluted waters)工业固体废物industrial solid wastes白色污染white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解一次性塑料袋throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags放射性废料积存accumulation of radioactive waste有机污染物organic pollutants氰化物、砷、汞排放cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged铅、镉、六价铬lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium城市垃圾无害化处理率decontamination rate of urban refuse垃圾填埋场refuse landfill垃圾焚化厂refuse incinerator防止过度利用森林protect forests from overexploitation森林砍伐率rate of deforestation水土流失water and soil erosion土壤盐碱化soil alkalization农药残留pesticide residue水土保持conservation of water and soil生态农业environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture水资源保护区water resource conservation zone海水淡化sea water desalinization保护珊瑚礁、红树林和渔业资源protect coral reefs, mangrove and fishing resource 绿化祖国turn the country green全民义务植树日National Tree-Planting Day造林工程afforestation project绿化面积afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率forest coverage防风林wind breaks （防沙林sand breaks）速生林fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源develop renewable resources环保产品environment-friendly products自然保护区nature reserve野生动植物wild fauna and flora保护生存环境conserve natural habitats濒危野生动物endangered wildlife珍稀濒危物种繁育基地rare and endangered species breeding center自然生态系统natural ecosystems防止沙漠化（治沙、抗沙）desertification环境负荷carrying capacity of environment三废综合利用multipurpose use of three types of wastes先天与后天，遗传与环境nature-nurture美化环境landscaping design for environmental purposes防止沿海地带不可逆转恶化protect coastal zones from irreversible degradation 环境恶化environmental degradation城市化失控uncontrolled urbanization温饱型农业subsistence agriculture贫困的恶性循环vicious cycle of poverty大气监测系统atmospheric monitoring system空气污染浓度air pollution concentration酸雨、越境空气污染acid rain and transboundary air pollution二氧化硫排放sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions悬浮颗粒物suspended particles工业粉尘排放industrial dust discharged烟尘排放soot emissions二氧化氮nitrate dioxide (NO2)矿物燃料（煤、石油、天然气）fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas清洁能源clean energy汽车尾气排放motor vehicle exhaust尾气净化器exhaust purifier无铅汽油lead-free gasoline天然气汽车gas-fueled vehicles电动汽车cell-driven vehicles; battery cars氯氟烃CFCs温室效应greenhouse effect厄尔尼诺南徊ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)噪音noise （分贝db; decibel）化学需氧量（衡量水污染程度的一个指标）COD；chemical oxygen demand 生物需氧量BOD; biological oxygen demand工业废水处理率treatment rate of industrial effluents城市污水处理率treatment rate of domestic sewage集中处理厂centralized treatment plant红潮red tide (rapid propagation of sea alg)。
环保类常见英语翻译2
Environmental protection 环保全国所有的工业污染源要达到国家或地方规定的污染物排放标准。
The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards.重点城市的空气和地面水达到国家规定的环境质量标准。
Air and surface water quality in major cities should meet both national and environmental quality standards.大多数城市河段都受到不同程度的污染，其中有52%的城市河段受到严重污染。
Most river sections in the cities are contaminated to varying degrees, with 52 percent of the river sections seriously polluted.植树造林，功在当代，利在千秋。
Forestation contributes to contemporary times and brings benefits to future generations.我们决不能走“先污染后治理”的老路。
We should not step onto the same road of treatment after pollution.中国在发展经济的同时，将处理好与人口、资源和环境的关系。
While developing its economy, China will balance population, resources and the environment.政府非常重视因人口增长和经济发展而出现的环境问题。
The government pays great attention to environmental problems arising from China’s population growth and economic development.重点保护和改善人口与环境资源矛盾尖锐区域的生态环境。
翻译硕士(MTI)经典素材-笔译常用词汇(农业)
摘要：翻译硕士（MTI）经典素材-笔译常用词汇（农业）agricultural and sideline products 农副产品agricultural commodities 农产品agro-food systems 农业粮食系统air stripping 空气清除an agribusiness specialist 农业企业的专家aquaculture farming system 水产养殖系统artificial diet 加工的食物biological agents 生物因子biological control 生物控制breeding cycle 生殖周期capture-based aquaculture 基于捕捞的水产养殖cereal importers 人物进口国chemical contaminants 化学污染物chemical herbicides 化学除草剂chromosomal manipulation 染色体控制chronic hunger 长期饥饿circulation period 循环期coastal plain 滨海平原confined aquifer 被限制的含水层conservation agriculture 保护性农业control diet 对照食物control of foot-and-mouth disease 口蹄疫防治counter-season vegetables 反季节蔬菜cover crops 覆盖作物crop and livestock productivity 作物和家畜的生产率crop failures 作物歉收crop residues 作物秸秆crop rotation 作物轮种crossbreeding 杂交育种deforestation rate 森林砍伐速度degradation and overexploitation of natural resources 自然资源的退化和过度开发depleted and overexploited areas 已经枯竭和过度开发地区developmental stage 发育阶段diagnostic reagent 诊断试剂direct seeding 直接播种disease and pest problems 病虫害diversified food production 多样化粮食生产double cropping 两季作物drainage basin 排水盆地（阵雨形成的地表径流和地下水流具有共同出口的区域）drainage canal 排放沟渠dung water 粪水early reaction to food crises 粮食危机早期反应emergency food assistance 紧急粮食援助extension systems 推广系统farming techniques 耕作技术farm power constraints 农机等制约因素farm subsidy 农产品补贴fodder crops 饲料作物food chain 食物链food crisis and implementation of the Comprehensive Framework for Action 粮食危机和综合行动框架的实施Food Price Index 粮食价格指数food processing, preservation and storage technologies 粮食加工、保存和储藏技术food quality and safety 食品质量与安全food security 食品安全forest coverage 森林覆盖genetic resources for food and agriculture 粮食农业遗传资源green manure crops 绿肥作物input technologies 投入技术integrated pest management practices 病虫害综合治理方法land degradation 土地退化land reclamation 开垦荒地low-cost technologies 低成本技术major grain exporters 主要粮食出口国market instability 市场不稳定性mechanical tillage 机械松土mixed-farming systems 混合耕作制度mutation breeding 突变繁殖New Stone Age 新古器时代Non-agricultural purposes 非农用途organic agriculture 生态农业organic farming 有机耕作persistent drought 持续干旱pollution-free vegetables 无公害蔬菜post-harvest food losses 收获后和销售信息primitive society 原始社会residues of antibiotics 抗生素残留rural households and communities 农户和社区slaughter animals 宰杀家畜small-scale agro-processing 小规模农产品加工small-scale farmers 小农soil biota 土壤生物soil consistency 土壤坚固性soil erosion 土壤侵蚀soil improvement 土壤改良soil micro-organisms 土壤微生物soil nutrient balancing 土壤养分平衡subsidize food 补贴粮食subsistence farmers 生计农民sustainable aquaculture 可持续水产养殖sustainable food security policies 可持续食品安全政策sustainable intensification of rained agriculture 雨育农业的可持续集约化terrestrial and marine ecosystems 陆地和海洋生态系统the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 国际农业发展基金会the World Food Program (WFP) 世界粮食计划署tidal day 潮汐日tillage function 松土功能transfer and use of technologies 转让和使用技术undernourished people 营养不良的人waterborne disease 水源的疾病water carrying capacity of a canal 渠道输水能力weed control 控制杂草zero or minimum tillage 零耕或少耕Eroding purchasing power through a combination of falling incomes and real exchange rates afflicts the affordability of food, however cheap it has become on the international marketplace.尽管国际市场的粮食那么便宜，收入不断减少和汇率下降影响了人们购买粮食的能力。
翻译硕士CATTI笔译常用词汇分类农业
翻译硕士CATTI笔译常用词汇分类：农业保护耕地protectarableland病虫害防治pestanddiseasecontrol播种面积sownarea“菜篮子”工程theVegetableBasketProject餐饮业cateringtrade产业化扶贫reducepovertythroughindustrialdevelopment城乡低保urbanandruralrecipientsofsubsistenceallowances 单位面积产量yieldperunitarea滴灌dripirrigation动植物检疫animalandplantquarantine扶贫povertyalleviation/anti-povertyeffort扶贫政策povertyreliefpolicy复种multiplecropping副产品by-products副业sidelineproduction改良土壤soilimprovement耕地保护制度systemforprotectingarableland耕作设施farmingequipment灌溉面积irrigatedarea国家收购粮grainpurchasedbythestate旱地arid/non-irrigatedland洪涝灾害floodandwaterlogging集体林权制度改革reformofthesystemofcollectiveforestrights集约/粗放型农业intensive/extensiveagriculture加强农产品市场调控strengthenregulationofthefarmproductsmarket 减免农业税reduceandexempttheagriculturaltax减轻农民负担lightentheburdenonthepeasants建设高标准农田developfarmplotsthatmeethighstandards节约用地制度systemforeconomizingontheuseofland经济作物cashcrops开垦荒地reclaimwasteland抗病/虫/旱性disease-/pest-/drought-resistant科教兴农invigorateagriculturebyrelyingonscienceandeducation 联合国粮食与农业组织theUNFoodandAgricultureOrganizationFAO良种补贴subsidiesforsuperiorcropvarieties粮食安全foodsecurity粮食产业建设项目projectsforindustrializinggrainproduction粮食储备grainreserves粮食品种grainvarieties粮食直补directsubsidiestograinproducers粮食综合生产能力overallgrainproductioncapacity粮食最低收购价minimumgrainpurchasingprices粮食作物cerealcrops绿色革命GreenRevolution绿色食品greenfood绿色证书greencertificate苗圃seedlingnursery民工潮farmer’sfrenziedhuntforworkincities奶制品dairyproduct内陆水域inlandwaters农产品精深加工和销售intensiveprocessingandsaleofagriculturalproducts农产品质量监管monitorthequalityofagriculturalproducts 农村公益事业性建设项目ruralpublicfacilities农村集市ruralfair农村居民人均纯收入ruralpercapitanetincome农村民生工程projectsdesignedtoimprovethelivesofruralresidents 农村综合改革comprehensivereformsinruralareas农机具购置补贴subsidiesforthepurchaseofagriculturalmachineryandtools农林牧副渔全面发展all-rounddevelopmentof/infarming,forestry,animal,sidelineproduc tionandfishery农贸市场farmproducemarket农民的积极性farmers’enthusiasm农民工ruralmigrantworkers农民专业合作社specializedfarmercooperatives农田水利化bringlandunderirrigation农田水利建设constructionofwaterconservancyworks农业基础设施agriculturalinfrastructure农业技术agriculturaltechnology农业科技创新成果推广expandapplicationofinnovationsinagriculturalscienceandtechnolog y农业科技投入spendonagriculturalscienceandtechnology农用物资farminputs农资综合补贴generalsubsidiesforagriculturalproductionsupplies 喷灌sprinklerirrigation人均占有量percapitaavailability“三农”agriculture,ruralareasandfarmers社会主义新农村SocialistNewCountryside收购价purchasingprice薯类作物tubercrops水产品aquaticproduct水产业aquaticproductsindustry;fishery水稻田paddyfield水利设施waterconservancyfacilities水土保持waterandsoilconservation水土流失soilerosion太空育种spacebreeding糖料作物sugar-bearingcrops特色现代农业modernagriculturewithdistinctivelocalfeatures梯田terracedfield土地承包经营权流转transferoflanduserights土壤肥力soilfertility脱贫shakeoffpoverty温饱型企业subsistenceagriculture沃地fertileland消费信贷consumercredit小城镇建设developmentofsmalltowns小额信贷microcredit;microloan;microlending兴修水利undertakewaterconservancyprojects畜牧业animalhusbandry遗传学研究geneticresearch议价粮grainsoldatanegotiatedprice优化品种结构optimizethevarietymix油料作物oil-bearingcrops有机肥organicfertilizer中国人口的70%多是农民.Morethan70percentofChina’spopulationisfarmers.推进社会主义新农村建设,我们必须把重点放在发展农村经济,增加农民收入上.Topromotetheconstructionofanewsocialistcountryside,wemustfocuso ndevelopingtheruraleconomyandincreasingfarmers’incomes.发展现代农业,推进新农村建设,我们要靠政策、靠投入、靠科技、靠改革. Wemustdevelopmodernagricultureandpromotethebuildingofanewcountr ysidethroughgovernmentpolicy,funding,applicationofscienceandtec hnologyandreform.农业、农村和农民问题,是关系全面建设小康社会和现代化事业全局的重大问题.Theissuesrelatedtoagriculture,ruralareasandfarmershaveamajorimp actonbuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespectsandonthem odernizationdrive.坚持稳定和完善农村基本经营制度,坚持因地制宜,从实际出发,坚持尊重农民意愿,维护农民权益,反对形式主义和强迫命令. Wewillcontinuetostabilizeandimprovethebasicsystemforruraloperat ionsandcontinuetotailormeasurestosuitlocalconditions,proceedfro mthereality,respectthewishesoffarmers,safeguardtheirrightsandin terests,andopposeformalismcoercionandcommandism.我们要巩固和加强农业基础地位,促进农业稳定发展和农民持续增收.Wewillconsolidateandstrengthenthepositionofagricultureasthefoun dationoftheeconomy,promotingsteadydevelopmentofagricultureandco ntinuousincreaseinfarmer’sincomes.我们要切实稳定种植面积,着力提高单产,优化品种结构,推进全国新增粮食生产能力建设. Wewilleffectivelykeeptheareaplantedwithgraincropsstable,focuson increasingtheyieldperunitareaandoptimizingthevarietymix,andincr easethecountry’sgrainproductioncapacity.我们要以市场需求为导向调整农业结构. Wewilladjusttheagriculturalstructurebasedonmarketdemand.我们要多渠道促进农民增收.Wewillincreasefarmer s’incomesinavarietyofways.我们要加大扶贫开发力度. Wewillintensifyoureffortstoalleviatepovertythroughdevelopment.我们要较大幅度提高粮食最低收购价,保持农产品价格合理水平,提高种粮农民积极性. Wewillsignificantlyraiseminimumgrainpurchasingpricesandkeepthep ricesofagriculturalproductsatareasonableleveltoencouragefarmers togrowmore.我们要现有土地承包关系要保持稳定并长久不变,赋予农民包括离乡农民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包经营权.Wewillensurethatexistinglandcontractrelationshipsremainstablean dunchangedforalongtimetocomeandallowfarmers,includingmigrantwor kerswholeavetheirhomevillages,toenjoytheirfullandguaranteedrigh tstocontractandmanageland.土地承包经营权流转必须坚持依法自愿有偿的原则. Thetransferoflanduserightsmustproceedonthebasisofvoluntaryparti cipationandcompensationandinaccordancewiththelaw.我们要启动新一轮农村电网改造,扩大农村沼气建设规模. Wewillbeginanewroundoftheupgradingofruralpowergridsandbuildmore ruralmethanefacilities.我们要着力提高城镇综合承载能力,发挥城市对农村的辐射带动作用,促进城镇化和新农村建设良性互动. Wewillincreasetheoverallcarryingcapacityofcitiesandtowns,ensure thaturbanareasstimulatethedevelopmentofsurroundingruralareas,an dpromotepositiveinteractionbetweenurbanizationandthebuildingofa newcountryside.城乡建设都要坚持最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度,切实保护农民合法权益.Whendevelopingurbanandruralareas,wemustadheretothestrictestsyst emsforprotectingarablelandandeconomizingonlandtoprotectthelegit imaterightsandinterestsoffarmers.我们要大力发展农产品加工业,推进农业产业化经营,支持批发市场和农贸市场升级改造,推动生产与市场对接. Wewilldeveloptheprocessingindustryforagriculturalproducts,promo teindustrializationinagriculture,supportandtheupgradingandrenov ationofmarketsforwholesaleandfarmproduce,andmaintainclosertiesb etweenproductionandthemarket.我们要坚持不懈地消除贫困落后,让农民群众早日过上富裕安康的生活. Wewillworkunremittinglytoeradicatepovertyandbackwardnesssothatr uralresidentscansoonliveaprosperousandhappylife.我们要加强对产粮大县的财政扶持. Wewillincreasefiscalsupportformajorgrain-producingcounties.。